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Zhang G, Zeng C, Sun X, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Xia R, Mai Q, Xue G, Huang H, Wang F. Zearalenone modulates the function of goat endometrial cells via the mitochondrial quality control system. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23701. [PMID: 38941193 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302198rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin known for its estrogen-like effects, which can disrupt the normal physiological function of endometrial cells and potentially lead to abortion in female animals. However, the precise mechanism by which ZEN regulates endometrial function remains unclear. In this study, we found that the binding receptor estrogen receptors for ZEN is extensively expressed across various segments of the uterus and within endometrial cells, and a certain concentration of ZEN treatment reduced the proliferation capacity of goat endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) and endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). Meanwhile, cell cycle analysis revealed that ZEN treatment leaded to cell cycle arrest in goat EECs and ESCs. To explore the underlying mechanism, we investigated the mitochondrial quality control systems and observed that ZEN triggered excessive mitochondrial fission and disturbed the balance of mitochondrial fusion-fission dynamics, impaired mitochondrial biogenesis, increased mitochondrial unfolded protein response and mitophagy in goat EECs and ESCs. Additionally, ZEN treatment reduced the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, heightened the production of hydrogen peroxide and reactive oxygen species, and caused cellular oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. These results suggest that ZEN has adverse effects on goat endometrium cells by disrupting the mitochondrial quality control system and affecting cell cycle and proliferation. Understanding the underlying molecular pathways involved in ZEN-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and its consequences on cell function will provide critical insights into the reproductive toxicity of ZEN and contribute to safeguarding the health and wellbeing of animals and humans exposed to this mycotoxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guomin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuan Sun
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongxin Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingyang Mai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gang Xue
- Yangtze River Delta White Goat Breeding Research Institute, Nantong, China
| | - Han Huang
- Mashan County Centre for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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2
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Wang Y, Wang S, Zang Z, Li B, Liu G, Huang H, Zhao X. Molecular and transcriptomic analysis of the ovary during laying and brooding stages in Zhedong white geese ( Anser cygnoides domesticus). Br Poult Sci 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38916443 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2364351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
1. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms affecting brooding in Zhedong white geese by examining differences in reproductive endocrine levels, ovarian histology and transcriptomics.2. Twenty 18-month-old Zhedong white geese were selected to examine their ovaries using histological, biochemical, molecular biological, and high-throughput sequencing techniques during the laying and brooding periods.3. The results showed that the number of atretic follicles and apoptotic cells in the ovaries increased significantly (p < 0.05), the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone and oestradiol decreased significantly (p < 0.05), and the level of prolactin increased significantly (p < 0.01) during the brooding stage.4. In broody geese, the expression of CASP3, CASP9, P53, BAX, and Cyt-c were considerably higher (p < 0.05), but BCL2 expression was significantly lower (p < 0.05).5. In ovarian tissues, 260 differentially expressed lncRNAs, 13 differentially expressed miRNA and 60 differentially expressed mRNA were all discovered using transcriptome sequencing analysis. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed mRNA and non-coding RNA target genes were primarily involved in ECM-receptor interaction, cell adhesion, cardiac muscle contraction, mTOR signalling, and the calcium signalling pathway.6. In conclusion, follicular atrophy and apoptosis occurred in the ovaries and serum reproductive hormone levels were significantly changed during the brooding period of Zhedong white geese. COL3A1, COL1A2, GRIA1, RNF152, miR-192, and miR-194 may be important candidates for the regulation of brooding behaviour, with the mTOR signalling pathway playing a key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - S Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Zang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - B Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - G Liu
- Animal Husbandry Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - H Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - X Zhao
- Animal Husbandry Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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3
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Li XW, Guo K, Wang CC, Yang Y, Li W, Talukder M, Li XN, Li JL. The Nrf2/ARE pathway as a potential target to ameliorate atrazine-induced endocrine disruption in granulosa cells. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103730. [PMID: 38631229 PMCID: PMC11040167 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrazine (ATR) is widely used worldwide as a commercial herbicide, Diaminochlorotriazine (DACT) is the main metabolite of ATR in the organism. Both of them disrupt the production of steroids and induce abnormal reproductive development. The granulosa cells (GCs) are important for growth and reproduction of animals. However, the toxicity of ATR on the GCs of birds is not well clarified. To evaluate the effect of the environmental pollutant ATR on bird GCs. The quail GCs were allotted into 7 groups, C (The medium of M199), A20 (20 µM ATR), A100 (100 µM ATR), A250 (250 µM ATR), D20 (20 µM DACT), D100 (100 µM DACT) and D200 (200 µM DACT). The results demonstrated that ATR reduced the viability of GCs, disrupted mitochondrial structure (including mitochondrial cristae fragmentation and the mitochondrial morphology disappearance) and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. Meanwhile, ATR interfered with the expression of key factors in the steroid synthesis pathway, inducing the secretion of the sex hormones E2 and P in GCs. which in turn induced apoptosis. Furthermore, the Nrf2/ARE pathway as a potential target to ameliorate ATR-induced endocrine disruption in GCs for proper reproductive functions. Our research provides a new perspective for understanding the effects of ATR on reproductive functions in birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Chifeng Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Detachment, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, 024000, China
| | - Chi-Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences; School of Biomedical Sciences; and The Chinese University of Hong Kong-Sichuan University Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Milton Talukder
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Barishal, 8210, Bangladesh
| | - Xue-Nan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences; School of Biomedical Sciences; and The Chinese University of Hong Kong-Sichuan University Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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4
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Hu H, Yu Q, Zheng Y, Cui H, Huang X, Zhang K. Forsythoside A protects against Zearalenone-induced cell damage in chicken embryonic fibroblasts via mitigation of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:1659-1670. [PMID: 38467911 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10350-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) is a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin that exerts its toxic effects through various damage mechanisms such as oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), mitochondrial damage, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. At present, there are few studies on drugs that can rescue ZEA-induced chicken embryonic fibroblasts damage. Forsythoside A (FA) is one of effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine that plays a role in various biological functions, but its antitoxin research has not been investigated so far. In this study, in vitro experiments were carried out. Chicken embryo fibroblast (DF-1) cells was used as the research object to select the appropriate treatment concentration of ZEA and examined reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, ERS and apoptosis to investigate the effects and mechanisms of FA in alleviating ZEA-induced cytotoxicity in DF-1 cells. Our results showed that ZEA induced ERS and activated the unfolded protein response (UPR) leading to apoptosis, an apoptotic pathway characterized by overproduction of Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Caspase-3, and ROS and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. We also demonstrated that FA help to prevent ERS and attenuated ZEA-induced apoptosis in DF-1 cells by reducing the level of ROS, downregulating GRP78, PERK, ATF4, ATF6, JNK, IRE1, ASK1, CHOP, BAX expression, and up-regulating Bcl-2 expression. Our results provide a basis for an in-depth study of the mechanism of toxic effects of ZEA on chicken cells and the means of detoxification, which has implications for the treatment of relevant avian diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Hu
- University Key Laboratory for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- University Key Laboratory for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- University Key Laboratory for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hongjie Cui
- University Key Laboratory for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- University Key Laboratory for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Kaizhao Zhang
- University Key Laboratory for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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5
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Zheng D, Cui C, Ye C, Shao C, Zha X, Xu Y, Liu X, Wang C. Coenzyme Q10 prevents RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by promoting autophagy via inactivation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways. Braz J Med Biol Res 2024; 57:e13474. [PMID: 38716985 PMCID: PMC11085036 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2024e13474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a potent antioxidant that is implicated in the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis, but the underlying mechanism has not been determined. We explored the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in this process. RAW264.7 cells received receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and CoQ10, after which the differentiation and viability of osteoclasts were assessed. After the cells were treated with CoQ10 and/or H2O2 and RANKL, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proteins involved in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways and autophagy were tested. Moreover, after the cells were pretreated with or without inhibitors of the two pathways or with the mitophagy agonist, the levels of autophagy-related proteins and osteoclast markers were measured. CoQ10 significantly decreased the number of TRAP-positive cells and the level of ROS but had no significant impact on cell viability. The relative phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT, mTOR, ERK, and p38 were significantly reduced, but the levels of FOXO3/LC3/Beclin1 were significantly augmented. Moreover, the levels of FOXO3/LC3/Beclin1 were significantly increased by the inhibitors and mitophagy agonist, while the levels of osteoclast markers showed the opposite results. Our data showed that CoQ10 prevented RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by promoting autophagy via inactivation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways in RAW264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delu Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of
Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Hefei Institute of Technology Innovation Engineering, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chenli Cui
- The Operative Surgery Laboratory, Bengbu Medical University,
Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Chengsong Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of
Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Chen Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of
Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiujing Zha
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of
Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of
Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Hefei Institute of Technology Innovation Engineering, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Bengbu
University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard
Controlling, Suzhou University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and
Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Can Wang
- Hefei Institute of Technology Innovation Engineering, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
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6
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Nie R, Tian H, Zhang W, Li F, Zhang B, Zhang H. NR5A1 and NR5A2 regulate follicle development in chicken (Gallus gallus) by altering proliferation, apoptosis, and steroid hormone synthesis of granulosa cells. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103620. [PMID: 38492249 PMCID: PMC10959722 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Chicken ovarian follicle development is regulated by complex and dynamic gene expression. Nuclear receptor 5A1 and 5A2 (NR5A1 and NR5A2, respectively) are key genes that regulate steroid hormone production and gonadal development in mammals; however, studies on follicular development in the chicken ovary are scarce. In this study, we investigated the functions of NR5A1 and NR5A2 on follicle development in chickens. The results showed that the expression of NR5A1 and NR5A2 was significantly higher in small yellow follicles and F5. Furthermore, the expression of NR5A1 and NR5A2 was significantly higher in follicular tissues of peak-laying hens (30 wk) than in follicular tissues of late-laying hens (60 wk), with high expression abundance in granulosa cells (GC). The overexpression of NR5A1 and NR5A2 significantly promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of cultured GC; upregulated STAR, CYP11A1, and CYP19A1 expression and estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) synthesis in GC from preovulatory follicles (po-GC); and increased STAR, CYP11A1, and CYP19A1 promoter activities. In addition, follicle-stimulating hormone treatment significantly upregulated NR5A1 and NR5A2 expression in po-GC and significantly promoted FSHR, CYP11A1, and HSD3B1 expression in GC from pre-hierarchical follicles and po-GC. The core promoter region of NR5A1 was identified at the -1,095- to -483-bp and -2,054- to -1,536-bp regions from the translation start site (+1), and the core promoter region of NR5A2 was at -998 to -489 bp. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were identified in the core promoter region of the NR5A1 gene, which differed between high- and low-yielding chicken groups. Our study suggested that NR5A1 and NR5A2 promoted chicken follicle development by promoting GC proliferation and E2 and P4 hormone synthesis and inhibiting apoptosis. Moreover, we identified the promoter core region or functional site that regulates NR5A1 and NR5A2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haoyu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fuwei Li
- Poultry Institute, Shangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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7
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Wang L, Tian S, Ruan S, Wei J, Wei S, Chen W, Hu H, Qin W, Li Y, Yuan H, Mao J, Xu Y, Xie J. Neuroprotective effects of cordycepin on MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease mice via suppressing PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK-mediated neuroinflammation. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 216:60-77. [PMID: 38479634 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent progressive and multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder. Cordycepin is known to exhibit antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative stress, and neuroprotective effects; however, few studies have explored the neuroprotective mechanism of cordycepin in PD. Using a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mouse model, we investigated the impact of cordycepin on PD and its underlying molecular mechanisms. The findings indicated that cordycepin significantly mitigated MPTP-induced behavior disorder and neuroapoptosis, diminished the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the striatum-substantia nigra pathway, elevated striatal monoamine levels and its metabolites, and inhibited the polarization of microglia and the expression of pro-inflammatory factors. Subsequent proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses revealed the involvement of the MAPK, mTOR, and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in the protective mechanism of cordycepin. Cordycepin treatment inhibited the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and enhanced the expression of autophagy proteins in the striatum and substantia nigra. We also demonstrated the in vivo inhibition of the ERK/JNK signaling pathway by cordycepin treatment. In summary, our investigation reveals that cordycepin exerts neuroprotective effects against PD by promoting autophagy and suppressing neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and ERK/JNK signaling pathways. This finding highlights the favorable characteristics of cordycepin in neuroprotection and provides novel molecular insights into the neuroprotective role of natural products in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhai Wang
- Flavour Science Research Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing, China.
| | - Shu Tian
- Inner Mongolia Kunming Cigarette Limited Liability Company, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Sisi Ruan
- Flavour Science Research Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing, China.
| | - Jingjing Wei
- Flavour Science Research Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing, China.
| | - Sijia Wei
- Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang, Hennan, China.
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Hangcui Hu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Weiwei Qin
- Department of Neurology, State Key Clinical Specialty of the Ministry of Health for Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Flavour Science Research Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Hang Yuan
- Flavour Science Research Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Jian Mao
- Flavour Science Research Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing, China.
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Jianping Xie
- Flavour Science Research Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing, China.
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8
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Cai J, Li Y, Zhao B, Bao Z, Li J, Sun S, Chen Y, Wu X. N-Acetylcysteine Alleviates D-Galactose-Induced Injury of Ovarian Granulosa Cells in Female Rabbits by Regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:384. [PMID: 38671832 PMCID: PMC11047383 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The ovary plays a crucial role in the reproductive system of female animals. Ovarian problems such as ovarian insufficiency, premature aging, polycystic ovary syndrome, and ovarian cysts may lead to ovulation disorders, abnormal hormone secretion, or luteal dysfunction, thereby increasing the risk of infertility and abortion. Only when the ovarian function and other organs in the reproductive system remain healthy and work normally can female animals be ensured to carry out reproductive activities regularly, improve the pregnancy rate and litter size, promote the healthy development of the fetus, and then improve their economic value. The follicle, as the functional unit of the ovary, is composed of theca cells, granulosa cells (GCs), and oocytes. GCs are the largest cell population and main functional unit in follicles and provide the necessary nutrients for the growth and development of follicles. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a prevalent and cell-permeable antioxidant molecule that effectively prevents apoptosis and promotes cellular survival. Over the past few years, its function in boosting reproductive performance in animals at the cellular level has been widely acknowledged. However, its specific role and mechanism in influencing GCs is yet to be fully understood. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of NAC on ovarian damage in female rabbits. For this purpose, D-galactose (D-gal) was first used to establish a model of damaged GCs, with exposure to 1.5 mg/mL of D-gal leading to substantial damage. Subsequently, varying concentrations of NAC were introduced to determine the precise mechanism through which it influences cell damage. Based on the results of the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, flow cytometry, and Western blotting, it was found that 0.5 mg/mL of NAC could significantly suppress cell apoptosis and promote proliferation. In particular, it decreased the expression levels of Bax, p53, and Caspase-9 genes, while concurrently upregulating the expression of the BCL-2 gene. Moreover, NAC was found to alleviate intracellular oxidative stress, suppress the discharge of mitochondrial Cytochrome c, and boost the enzymatic activities of CAT (Catalase), GSH (Glutathione), and SOD (Superoxide dismutase). RNA sequencing analysis subsequently underscored the critical role of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in governing proliferation and apoptosis within GCs. These findings demonstrated that NAC could significantly influence gene expression within this pathway, thereby clarifying the exact relationship between the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling cascade and the underlying cellular processes controlling proliferation and apoptosis. In conclusion, NAC can reduce the expression of Bax, p53, and Caspase-9 genes, inhibit the apoptosis of GCs, improve cell viability, and resist D-gal-induced oxidative stress by increasing the activity of CAT, GSH, and SOD. The molecular mechanism of NAC in alleviating D-gal-induced ovarian GC injury in female rabbits by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway provides experimental evidence for the effect of NAC on animal reproductive function at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (B.Z.); (Z.B.); (J.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Yunpeng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (B.Z.); (Z.B.); (J.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Bohao Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (B.Z.); (Z.B.); (J.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Zhiyuan Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (B.Z.); (Z.B.); (J.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Jiali Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (B.Z.); (Z.B.); (J.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Shaoning Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (B.Z.); (Z.B.); (J.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Yang Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (B.Z.); (Z.B.); (J.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Xinsheng Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (B.Z.); (Z.B.); (J.L.); (S.S.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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9
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Li Y, Gao Y, Yao D, Li Z, Wang J, Zhang X, Zhao X, Zhang Y. Heme Oxygenase-1 Regulates Zearalenone-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Sheep Follicular Granulosa Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2578. [PMID: 38473826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) is a common non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin found in a range of animal feeds and poses a serious threat to the reproductive health of farm animals and humans. However, the mechanism underlying ZEA-induced reproductive toxicity in sheep remains unknown. Granulosa cells are crucial for egg maturation and the fertility of female sheep. In this study, we aimed to examine the impact of different ZEA concentrations on sheep follicular granulosa cells and to elucidate the potential molecular mechanism underlying ZEA-induced toxicity using transcriptome sequencing and molecular biological approaches. Treating primary sheep follicular granulosa cells with different concentrations of ZEA promoted the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased lipid peroxidation products, led to cellular oxidative stress, decreased antioxidant enzyme activities, and induced cell apoptosis. Using transcriptome approaches, 1395 differentially expressed genes were obtained from sheep follicular granulosa cells cultured in vitro after ZEA treatment. Among them, heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1) was involved in 11 biological processes. The protein interaction network indicated interactions between HMOX1 and oxidative and apoptotic proteins. In addition, N-acetylcysteine pretreatment effectively reduced the ZEA-induced increase in the expression of HMOX1 and Caspase3 by eliminating ROS. Hence, we suggest that HMOX1 is a key differential gene involved in the regulation of ZEA-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in follicular granulosa cells. These findings provide novel insights into the prevention and control of mycotoxins in livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yina Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yujin Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Dan Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zongshuai Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Grassland Agriculture Engineering Center, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Jiamian Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xijun Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xingxu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
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10
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Cendron F, Cassandro M, Penasa M. Genome-wide investigation to assess copy number variants in the Italian local chicken population. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:2. [PMID: 38167097 PMCID: PMC10763469 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00965-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copy number variants (CNV) hold significant functional and evolutionary importance. Numerous ongoing CNV studies aim to elucidate the etiology of human diseases and gain insights into the population structure of livestock. High-density chips have enabled the detection of CNV with increased resolution, leading to the identification of even small CNV. This study aimed to identify CNV in local Italian chicken breeds and investigate their distribution across the genome. RESULTS Copy number variants were mainly distributed across the first six chromosomes and primarily associated with loss type CNV. The majority of CNV in the investigated breeds were of types 0 and 1, and the minimum length of CNV was significantly larger than that reported in previous studies. Interestingly, a high proportion of the length of chromosome 16 was covered by copy number variation regions (CNVR), with the major histocompatibility complex being the likely cause. Among the genes identified within CNVR, only those present in at least five animals across breeds (n = 95) were discussed to reduce the focus on redundant CNV. Some of these genes have been associated to functional traits in chickens. Notably, several CNVR on different chromosomes harbor genes related to muscle development, tissue-specific biological processes, heat stress resistance, and immune response. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) were also analyzed to investigate potential overlapping with the identified CNVR: 54 out of the 95 gene-containing regions overlapped with 428 QTL associated to body weight and size, carcass characteristics, egg production, egg components, fat deposition, and feed intake. CONCLUSIONS The genomic phenomena reported in this study that can cause changes in the distribution of CNV within the genome over time and the comparison of these differences in CNVR of the local chicken breeds could help in preserving these genetic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Cendron
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy.
| | - Martino Cassandro
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
- Federazione Delle Associazioni Nazionali Di Razza E Specie, Via XXIV Maggio 43, 00187, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Penasa
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
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11
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Sun H, He Z, Xiong D, Long M. Mechanisms by which microbial enzymes degrade four mycotoxins and application in animal production: A review. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 15:256-274. [PMID: 38033608 PMCID: PMC10685049 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are toxic compounds that pose a serious threat to animal health and food safety. Therefore, there is an urgent need for safe and efficient methods of detoxifying mycotoxins. As biotechnology has continued to develop, methods involving biological enzymes have shown great promise. Biological enzymatic methods, which can fundamentally destroy the structures of mycotoxins and produce degradation products whose toxicity is greatly reduced, are generally more specific, efficient, and environmentally friendly. Mycotoxin-degrading enzymes can thus facilitate the safe and effective detoxification of mycotoxins which gives them a huge advantage over other methods. This article summarizes the newly discovered degrading enzymes that can degrade four common mycotoxins (aflatoxins, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, and ochratoxin A) in the past five years, and reveals the degradation mechanism of degrading enzymes on four mycotoxins, as well as their positive effects on animal production. This review will provide a theoretical basis for the safe treatment of mycotoxins by using biological enzyme technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Ziqi He
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Dongwei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Miao Long
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
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12
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Li X, Zhang F, Wang J, Feng Y, Zhang S, Li L, Tan J, Shen W. LncRNA profiles of Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside ameliorated Zearalenone-induced damage in porcine granulosa cells. Gene 2023; 884:147693. [PMID: 37549855 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), a class of RNA molecules with transcripts longer than 200 nt, is crucial for maintaining animal reproductive function. Zearalenone (ZEN) damaged animal reproduction by targeting ovarian granulosa cells (GCs), especially in pigs. Nonetheless, it is not quite clear that whether Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) exert effects on porcine GCs (pGCs) after ZEN exposure by altering lncRNA expression. Here, we sought to gain novel information regarding C3G protect against damages induced by ZEN in pGCs. The pGCs were divided into control (Ctrl), ZEN, ZEN + C3G (Z + C), and C3G groups. Results revealed that C3G effectively increased cell viability and suppressed ZEN-induced apoptosis in pGCs. 87 and 82 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) were identified in ZEN vs. Ctrl and Z + C vs. ZEN group, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis observed that the DELs were related to cell metabolism and cell-matrix adhesion biological processes. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis found that the DELs were associated with the phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway. In brief, we demonstrated that C3G could shield apoptosis induced by ZEN, which may be connected with the changes of lncRNA expression profiles in pGCs. This study complemented our understanding of the genetic basis and molecular mechanisms by which C3G mitigated the toxicity of ZEN in pGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Fali Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Jingya Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yanqin Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Shuer Zhang
- Animal Husbandry General Station of Shandong Province, Jinan 250010, China
| | - Lan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jinghe Tan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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13
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Zhang FL, Zhu KX, Wang JY, Zhang M, Yan JM, Liu QC, Zhang XY, Guo JC, Liu X, Sun QC, Ge W, Li L, Shen W. Cross-species analysis of transcriptome emphasizes a critical role of TNF-α in mediating MAP2K7/AKT2 signaling in zearalenone-induced apoptosis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132226. [PMID: 37549580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a widespread and transgenerational toxicant that can cause serious reproductive health risks, which poses a potential threat to global agricultural production and human health; its estrogenic activity can lead to reproductive toxicity through the induction of granulosa cell apoptosis. Herein, comparative transcriptome analysis, single-cell transcriptome analysis, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) combined with gene knockout in vivo and RNA interference in vitro were used to comprehensively describe the damage caused by ZEN exposure on ovarian granulosa cells. Comparative transcriptome analysis and WGCNA suggested that the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase 7 (MAP2K7)/ AKT serine/threonine kinase 2 (AKT2) axis was disordered after ZEN exposure in porcine granulosa cells (pGCs) and mouse granulosa cells (mGCs). In vivo gene knockout and in vitro RNA interference verified that TNF-α-mediated MAP2K7/AKT2 was the guiding signal in ZEN-induced apoptosis in pGCs and mGCs. Moreover, single-cell transcriptome analysis showed that ZEN exposure could induce changes in the TNF signaling pathway in offspring. Overall, we concluded that the TNF-α-mediated MAP2K7/AKT2 axis was the main signaling pathway of ZEN-induced apoptosis in pGCs and mGCs. This work provides new insights into the mechanism of ZEN toxicity and provides new potential therapeutic targets for the loss of livestock and human reproductive health caused by ZEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Li Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Ke-Xin Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jing-Ya Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Jia-Mao Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Qing-Chun Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jia-Chen Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Qi-Cheng Sun
- School of Finance, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu 610074 China
| | - Wei Ge
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Lan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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14
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Wu H, Li X, Zhang Z, Ye Y, Chen Y, Wang J, Yang Z, Zhou E. The release of zearalenone-induced heterophil extracellular traps in chickens is associated with autophagy, glycolysis, PAD enzyme, and P2X 1 receptor. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102946. [PMID: 37542939 PMCID: PMC10428124 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) is produced mainly by fungi belonging to genus Fusarium in foods and feeds. Heterophil extracellular traps (HETs) are a novel defense mechanism of chicken innate immunity involving activated heterophils. However, the conditions and requirements for ZEA-triggered HET release remain unknown. In this study, immunostaining analysis demonstrated that ZEA-triggered extracellular fibers were composed of histone and elastase assembled on DNA skeleton, showing that ZEA can induce the formation of HETs. Further experiments indicated that ZEA-induced HET release was concentration-dependent (ranging from 20 to 80 μM ZEA) and time-dependent (ranging from 30 to 180 min). Moreover, in 80 μM ZEA-exposed chicken heterophils, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and glutathione (GSH) content were increased. Simultaneously, ZEA at 80 μM activated ERK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways by increasing the phosphorylation level of ERK and p38 proteins. Pharmacological inhibition assays revealed that blocking nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, ERK, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) reduced ZEA-induced ROS levels but had no impact on HET formation. Furthermore, immunostaining analysis indicated that the heterophil underwent the formation of autophagosome based on being stained with LC3B. The pharmacological inhibition assays demonstrated that rapamycin-, wortmannin-, and 3-methyladenine (3-MA)-treatments modulated ZEA-triggered HET formation, indicating that heterophil autophagy played a key role in ZEA-induced HET formation. Further studies on energy metabolism showed that inhibition of lactate/glucose transport, hexokinase-2 (HK-2), fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) in glycolysis abated ZEA-induced HETs, implying that glycolysis was one of the factors influencing the ZEA-induced HET formation. Besides, inhibition of the peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) enzyme and P2X1 significantly reduced the ZEA-induced HET formation. In conclusion, we demonstrated that ZEA-triggered HET formation, which was associated with glycolysis, autophagy, PAD enzyme, and P2X1 receptor activation, providing valuable insight into the negative effect of ZEA on chicken innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanpeng Wu
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Xuhai Li
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yingrong Ye
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yichun Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Zhengtao Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Ershun Zhou
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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15
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Jiang D, Wang X, Zhou X, Wang Z, Li S, Sun Q, Jiang Y, Ji C, Ling W, An X, Kang B. Spermidine alleviating oxidative stress and apoptosis by inducing autophagy of granulosa cells in Sichuan white geese. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102879. [PMID: 37429050 PMCID: PMC10339180 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Spermidine have been reported a role in antioxidative, antiaging, and antiinflammatory. Oxidative stress causes granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis, follicular atresia, and impairs poultry reproductive functions. Studies have found that autophagy is the protective mechanism against antioxidant stress and apoptosis in cells. However, the relationship between spermidine-induced autophagy, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in goose GCs remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the autophagy mechanism to mediate spermidine effects on the alleviation of oxidative stress and apoptosis in goose GCs. Follicular GCs were treated with spermidine combination with 3-Nitropropanoic acid (3-NPA), rapamycin (RAPA), and chloroquine (CQ) or with hydrogen peroxide, RAPA, and CQ. Spermidine upregulated the ratio of LC3-II/I, inhibited the accumulation of p62 protein, and induced autophagy. 3-NPA treatment significantly increased ROS production, MDA content, SOD activity, cleaved CASPASE-3 protein expression, and decreased BCL-2 protein expression in follicular GCs. Spermidine inhibited oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by 3-NPA. In addition, hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress was inhibited by spermidine. However, the inhibitory effect of spermidine was eliminated under chloroquine. Our results demonstrated that spermidine relieved oxidative stress and apoptosis of GCs by inducing autophagy, indicating that spermidine has a great potential to maintain proteostasis and sustain granulosa cell viability in geese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xuemin Zhou
- Sichuan Lilaisinuo Biotechnology Co. LTD, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zelong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yilong Jiang
- Leshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Leshan 614000, China
| | - Chengweng Ji
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Weikang Ling
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoguang An
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bo Kang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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16
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Hai S, Chen J, Ma L, Wang C, Chen C, Rahman SU, Zhao C, Feng S, Wu J, Wang X. Combination of Zearalenone and Deoxynivalenol Induces Apoptosis by Mitochondrial Pathway in Piglet Sertoli Cells: Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:471. [PMID: 37505740 PMCID: PMC10467067 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15070471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON) are widely found in various feeds, which harms livestock's reproductive health. Both mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) can regulate cell apoptosis. This study aimed to explore the regulatory mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) on ZEA- combined with DON-induced mitochondrial pathway apoptosis in piglet Sertoli cells (SCs). The results showed that ZEA + DON damaged the ultrastructure of the cells, induced apoptosis, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, promoted the expression of cytochrome c (CytC), and decreased the cell survival rate. Furthermore, ZEA + DON increased the relative mRNA and protein expression of Bid, Caspase-3, Drp1, and P53, while that of Bcl-2 and Mfn2 declined. ZEA + DON was added after pretreatment with 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA). The results showed that 4-PBA could alleviate the toxicity of ZEA + DON toward SCs. Compared with the ZEA + DON group, 4-PBA improved the cell survival rate, decreased the apoptosis rate, inhibited CytC expression, and increased mitochondrial membrane potential, and the damage to the cell ultrastructure was alleviated. Moreover, after pretreatment with 4-PBA, the relative mRNA and protein expression of Bid, Caspase-3, Drp1, and P53 were downregulated, while the relative mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2 and Mfn2 were upregulated. It can be concluded that ERS plays an important part in the apoptosis of SCs co-infected with ZEA-DON through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, and intervention in this process can provide a new way to alleviate the reproductive toxicity of mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirao Hai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.H.); (J.C.); (L.M.); (C.W.); (C.C.); (S.U.R.); (C.Z.); (S.F.)
| | - Jiawen Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.H.); (J.C.); (L.M.); (C.W.); (C.C.); (S.U.R.); (C.Z.); (S.F.)
| | - Li Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.H.); (J.C.); (L.M.); (C.W.); (C.C.); (S.U.R.); (C.Z.); (S.F.)
| | - Chenlong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.H.); (J.C.); (L.M.); (C.W.); (C.C.); (S.U.R.); (C.Z.); (S.F.)
| | - Chuangjiang Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.H.); (J.C.); (L.M.); (C.W.); (C.C.); (S.U.R.); (C.Z.); (S.F.)
| | - Sajid Ur Rahman
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.H.); (J.C.); (L.M.); (C.W.); (C.C.); (S.U.R.); (C.Z.); (S.F.)
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chang Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.H.); (J.C.); (L.M.); (C.W.); (C.C.); (S.U.R.); (C.Z.); (S.F.)
| | - Shibin Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.H.); (J.C.); (L.M.); (C.W.); (C.C.); (S.U.R.); (C.Z.); (S.F.)
| | - Jinjie Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.H.); (J.C.); (L.M.); (C.W.); (C.C.); (S.U.R.); (C.Z.); (S.F.)
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xichun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.H.); (J.C.); (L.M.); (C.W.); (C.C.); (S.U.R.); (C.Z.); (S.F.)
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-Safety, Hefei 230036, China
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17
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Wu Q, You L, Wu W, Long M, Kuca K. Mycotoxins: Emerging toxic mechanisms, and unanswered research questions. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 174:113673. [PMID: 36796619 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a series of toxic mechanisms have been explored in mycotoxins. Emerging evidence show that mycotoxins may induce human neurodegenerative diseases (ND); however, this idea is still unproven. Besides to identify this hypothesis, some questions, for example, how the mycotoxins induce this disease and what the molecular mechanism is, as well as whether the brain-gut axis is involved in this context, should be answered. Very recent studies further reported an "immune evasion" mechanism in trichothecenes; moreover, hypoxia seems to play important function in this process; nevertheless, whether this "immune evasion" process is present in other mycotoxins, especially in aflatoxins, should be tested. In this work, we mainly discussed some key scientific questions that need to be answered in the toxic mechanisms of mycotoxins. We especially focused on the research questions in the key signaling pathways, balance mechanism of immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive effects, and the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis. Interesting topics such as mycotoxins and aging, cytoskeleton and immunotoxicity are also discussed. More importantly, we compile a special issue: "New insight into mycotoxins and bacterial toxins: toxicity assessment, molecular mechanism and food safety" for Food and Chemical Toxicology. Researchers are encouraged to submit their newest work to this special issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, 50003, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Li You
- College of Physical Education and Health, Chongqing College of International Business and Economics, Chongqing, 401520, China
| | - Wenda Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, 50003, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Miao Long
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, 50003, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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18
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Li X, Wang J, Zhang F, Yu M, Zuo N, Li L, Tan J, Shen W. Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside Rescues Zearalenone-Induced Apoptosis via the ITGA7-PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway in Porcine Ovarian Granulosa Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054441. [PMID: 36901882 PMCID: PMC10002597 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) is an important secondary metabolite of Fusarium fungi, exposure to which can cause reproductive disorders through its effects on ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) in many mammals, especially in pigs. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) on the ZEN-induced negative effects in porcine GCs (pGCs). The pGCs were treated with 30 µM ZEN and/or 20 µM C3G for 24 h; they were divided into a control (Ctrl) group, ZEN group, ZEN+C3G (Z+C) group, and a C3G group. Bioinformatics analysis was used to systematically screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the rescue process. Results showed that C3G could effectively rescue ZEN-induced apoptosis in pGCs, and notably increase cell viability and proliferation. Furthermore, 116 DEGs were identified, and the phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases-protein kinase B (PI3K-AKT) signaling pathway was the center of attention, of which five genes and the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway were confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and/or Western blot (WB). As analyzed, ZEN inhibited mRNA and protein levels of integrin subunit alpha-7 (ITGA7), and promoted the expression of cell cycle inhibition kinase cyclin-D3 (CCND3) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (CDKN1A). After the knock-down of ITGA7 by siRNA, the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway was significantly inhibited. Meanwhile, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression decreased, and apoptosis rates and pro-apoptotic proteins increased. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that C3G exhibited significant protective effects on the ZEN-induced inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis via the ITGA7-PI3K-AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jingya Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Fali Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Mubin Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Ning Zuo
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Lan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jinghe Tan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0532-58957316
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19
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Li X, Duan J, Wang S, Cheng J, Chen H, Zhang Z, Yang L, Hua R, Li Q. Isorhamnetin protects porcine oocytes from zearalenone-induced reproductive toxicity through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:22. [PMID: 36732843 PMCID: PMC9896747 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00809-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zearalenone (ZEA) widely exists in moldy grains, which seriously destroys the fertility of females. Isorhamnetin, a natural flavonoid, has extensive of pharmacological activities. However, the beneficial effect and the underlying molecular mechanism of isorhamnetin involvement in ZEA-induced porcine oocyte damage have not been investigated. METHODS Oocytes were treated with different concentrations of ZEA (3, 5, 8 and 10 μmol/L) and isorhamnetin (5, 10, 20 and 30 μmol/L) for 44 h at 39 ℃. ZEA (5 μmol/L) and isorhamnetin (10 μmol/L) were selected for subsequent studies. Polar body exclusion rate, apoptosis rate and apoptosis related proteins, ROS levels and SOD2 protein, mitochondrial membrane potential and distribution, endoplasmic reticulum distribution and proteins expression, and PI3K, Akt and p-Akt proteins expression of oocytes were detected. In addition, the effect of PI3K antagonist (LY294002) on oocyte nuclear maturation and apoptosis were used to determine the involvement of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. RESULTS Our findings showed that ZEA exposure damaged oocytes and isorhamnetin therapy restored the developmental capability of porcine oocytes. Isorhamnetin promoted polar body extrusion rate to rescue ZEA-induced meiotic arrest in porcine oocytes. Isorhamnetin alleviated ZEA-induced oxidative stress by stimulating SOD2 protein expression and inhibiting ROS production. Moreover, isorhamnetin enhanced normal mitochondrial distribution and mitochondrial membrane potential to prevent mitochondrial dysfunction induced by ZEA. Changing the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related marker proteins (CHOP, GRP78) and the distribution rate of normal endoplasmic reticulum showed that isorhamnetin relieved ZEA-caused endoplasmic reticulum stress. Mechanistically, isorhamnetin decreased Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression and inhibited ZEA-induced apoptosis through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these results suggest that isorhamnetin protects oocytes from ZEA-caused damage through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which enhances meiotic maturation and mitochondrial function, and inhibits early apoptosis, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in porcine oocytes. Our study provides a new strategy for solving the reproductive toxicity induced by ZEA and treating woman infertility. A possible mechanism by which isorhamnetin protected porcine oocytes from ZEA-induced damage. Isorhamnetin inhibited meiosis arrest and apoptosis of porcine oocytes induced by ZEA through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Moreover, isorhamnetin repaired ZEA-induced oocyte damage by alleviating oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Li
- grid.144022.10000 0004 1760 4150College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Duan
- grid.412545.30000 0004 1798 1300College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030031 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyou Wang
- grid.144022.10000 0004 1760 4150College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianyong Cheng
- grid.144022.10000 0004 1760 4150College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Huali Chen
- grid.440649.b0000 0004 1808 3334School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zelin Zhang
- grid.144022.10000 0004 1760 4150College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- grid.144022.10000 0004 1760 4150College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongmao Hua
- grid.499351.30000 0004 6353 6136College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingwang Li
- grid.144022.10000 0004 1760 4150College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 People’s Republic of China
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20
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Yang C, Chen Y, Yang M, Li J, Wu Y, Fan H, Kong X, Ning C, Wang S, Xiao W, Yuan Z, Yi J, Wu J. Betulinic acid alleviates zearalenone-induced uterine injury in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120435. [PMID: 36257561 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin with estrogen-like biological activity, which widely present in feed and raw materials, with strong reproductive system toxicity and a major threat to animal reproduction. Betulinic acid (BA) is a natural plant compound with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other pharmacological activities. However, the mechanism of ZEA-induced uterine injury and the protective effect of BA have not been reported. Our results show that ZEA could cause uterine histopathological damage and cellular ultrastructural damage, affecting the secretion of sex hormones, such as estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4), and increase the mRNA and protein expression of estrogen receptor α (ERα). ZEA could inhibit the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), increase the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cause uterine oxidative stress. Furthermore, ZEA affected the homeostasis of uterine cell proliferation and death by regulating the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and activating the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. ZEA-induced uterine injury might be related to the activation of p38/ERK MAPK signaling pathway. However, the regulatory effect of ZEA on the uterus was reversed after BA treatment. In conclusion, the uterus is an important target organ attacked by ZEA, and BA showed a good therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglin Yang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yunqin Chen
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Mengran Yang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jiayan Li
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - You Wu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Hui Fan
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xiangyi Kong
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Can Ning
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Wenguang Xiao
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Zhihang Yuan
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jine Yi
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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21
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Yan J, Kong L, Zhang X, Yu M, Zhu K, Zhao A, Shi D, Sun Y, Wang J, Shen W, Li L. Maternal Zearalenone Exposure Affects Gut Microbiota and Follicular Development in Suckled Offspring. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:15570-15582. [PMID: 36514903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin that is widely present in feed and agricultural products. Studies have demonstrated that ZEN, as a type of estrogen analogue, can significantly affect the female reproductive system. Breast milk is the best nutrient for infant growth and development, but it is still unknown whether ZEN influences the fertility of offspring through suckling. In this study, we collected fecal and ovarian tissue from neonatal female offspring, whose mothers were exposed to ZEN for 21 days, and explored the effects of maternal ZEN exposure on intestinal microecology and follicular development in the mouse using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing technology. Our findings suggested that maternal ZEN exposure significantly diminished ovarian reserve, increased apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cell (GC), and impacted the developmental competence of oocytes in lactating offspring. In addition, the results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that the abundance of gut microbiota in offspring was significantly changed, including Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes. This leads to alterations of glutathione metabolism and the expression of antioxidant enzymes in ovaries. In summary, our findings supported a potential relationship between gut microbiota and abnormal ovarian development caused by ZEN, which offers novel insights for therapeutic strategies for reproductive disorders induced by ZEN exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamao Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Li Kong
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Mubin Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Kexin Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Aihong Zhao
- Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Dachuan Shi
- Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yonghong Sun
- Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Lan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
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22
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Role of PI3K/Akt-Mediated Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in Resveratrol Alleviation of Zearalenone-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in TM4 Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14110733. [PMID: 36355983 PMCID: PMC9694162 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14110733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) is a common mycotoxin that induces oxidative stress (OS) and affects the male reproductive system in animals. Resveratrol (RSV) has good antioxidant activity and can activate nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) to protect cells through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway. The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effect and the mechanism of RSV on OS and apoptosis in TM4 cells induced by ZEA. Prior to being exposed to ZEA, TM4 cells were pretreated with RSV or the PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002. Cell viability was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays. Flow cytometry was used to determine the level of apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). The expression of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), caspase-3, BCL2-associated X (Bax)/B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and PI3K/Akt-mediated Nrf2/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) signaling pathway-related proteins was evaluated by Western blotting. Nrf2 siRNA transfection and LY294002 treatment were used to investigate the role of the Nrf2/HO-1 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in RSV alleviation of ZEA-induced OS. The results showed that pretreatment with RSV significantly reduced the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and increased cell viability. Catalase (CAT) activity and glutathione (GSH) levels were also increased, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) and ROS levels decreased (p < 0.05). RSV also upregulated Akt phosphorylation, Nrf2 nuclear translocation, and HO-1 expression under conditions of OS (p < 0.05). Transfection with Nrf2 siRNA abolished the protective effects of RSV against ZEA-induced cytotoxicity (p < 0.05), ROS accumulation (p < 0.05), and apoptosis (p < 0.05). LY294002 completely blocked the RSV-mediated increase in Nrf2 nuclear translocation (p < 0.05), HO-1 expression (p < 0.05), and cytoprotective activity (p < 0.05). Collectively, the above findings indicate that RSV can protect against ZEA-induced OS and apoptosis in TM4 cells by PI3K/Akt-mediated activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Wu F, Gao L, Li F, Cui J, Yang X, Liu Y, Chen S, Chen B. Effects of zearalenone on ovarian development of prepubertal gilts through growth hormone axis. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:950063. [PMID: 35990263 PMCID: PMC9382108 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.950063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment aimed to establish the effects of zearalenone (ZEN) on ovarian development in prepubertal gilts through the growth hormone axis [growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) / growth hormone (GH) / growth hormone receptor (GHR)]. In a 40-day experiment, 48 Landrace × Yorkshire crossbred prepubertal gilts were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments, including a basal diet supplemented with 0 (control), 400 (T1), 800 (T2), and 1,600 (T3) μg/kg ZEN. The ovary index of T2 (P = 0.058) and T3 (P = 0.065) increased compared to the control group. Besides, histopathological examination revealed that ZEN promoted the development of ovaries and follicles. The GHR content, relative expression levels of GHR, janus activated kinase 2 (JAK2) mRNA, and mean optical density of GHR in the ovaries of prepubertal gilts in the T2 experimental group increased significantly at P < 0.05 compared to the control group. The T3 group had significantly higher GHR content, relative JAK2 expression levels, and signal transducer and activator of transcriptions 3 (STAT3) mRNA. In conclusion, ZEN enhances the biological effect of GH, promotes the development of the ovary (follicle), and exerts reproductive toxicity by increasing the expression level of GHR, JAK2, and STAT3 mRNA ovary and immune intensity of GHR protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Lijie Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Fei Li
- Hebei Provincial Animal Husbandry Station, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jia Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Saijuan Chen
- Mountainous Area Research Institute of Hebei Province, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Agricultural Technology Innovation Center in Mountainous Areas of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
- Saijuan Chen
| | - Baojiang Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- *Correspondence: Baojiang Chen
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24
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Fang M, Hu W, Liu B. Protective and detoxifying effects conferred by selenium against mycotoxins and livestock viruses: A review. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:956814. [PMID: 35982930 PMCID: PMC9378959 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.956814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal feed can easily be infected with molds during production and storage processes, and this can lead to the production of secondary metabolites, such as mycotoxins, which eventually threaten human and animal health. Furthermore, livestock production is also not free from viral infections. Under these conditions, the essential trace element, selenium (Se), can confer various biological benefits to humans and animals, especially due to its anticancer, antiviral, and antioxidant properties, as well as its ability to regulate immune responses. This article reviews the latest literature on the antagonistic effects of Se on mycotoxin toxicity and viral infections in animals. We outlined the systemic toxicity of mycotoxins and the primary mechanisms of mycotoxin-induced toxicity in this analysis. In addition, we pay close attention to how mycotoxins and viral infections in livestock interact. The use of Se supplementation against mycotoxin-induced toxicity and cattle viral infection was the topic of our final discussion. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which is currently causing a health catastrophe, has altered our perspective on health concerns to one that is more holistic and increasingly embraces the One Health Concept, which acknowledges the interdependence of humans, animals, and the environment. In light of this, we have made an effort to present a thorough and wide-ranging background on the protective functions of selenium in successfully reducing mycotoxin toxicity and livestock viral infection. It concluded that mycotoxins could be systemically harmful and pose a severe risk to human and animal health. On the contrary, animal mycotoxins and viral illnesses have a close connection. Last but not least, these findings show that the interaction between Se status and host response to mycotoxins and cattle virus infection is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manxin Fang
- College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Universities and Colleges for Selenium Agriculture, Yichun University, Yichun, China
- *Correspondence: Manxin Fang
| | - Wei Hu
- College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Universities and Colleges for Selenium Agriculture, Yichun University, Yichun, China
| | - Ben Liu
- College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Universities and Colleges for Selenium Agriculture, Yichun University, Yichun, China
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25
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Bai J, Zhou Y, Luo X, Hai J, Si X, Li J, Fu H, Dai Z, Yang Y, Wu Z. Roles of stress response-related signaling and its contribution to the toxicity of zearalenone in mammals. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:3326-3345. [PMID: 35751400 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin frequently found in cereal crops and cereal-derived foodstuffs worldwide. It affects plant productivity, and is also a serious hazard to humans and animals if being exposed to food/feed contaminated by ZEA. Studies over the last decade have shown that the toxicity of ZEA in animals is mainly mediated by the various stress responses, such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress, and others. Accumulating evidence shows that oxidative stress and ER stress signaling are actively implicated in and contributes to the pathophysiology of various diseases. Biochemically, the deleterious effects of ZEA are associated with apoptosis, DNA damage, and lipid peroxidation by regulating the expression of genes implicated in these biological processes. Despite these findings, the underlying mechanisms responsible for these alterations remain unclear. This review summarized the characteristics, metabolism, toxicity and the deleterious effects of ZEA exposure in various tissues of animals. Stress response signaling implicated in the toxicity as well as potential therapeutic options with the ability to reduce the deleterious effects of ZEA in animals were highlighted and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yusong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jia Hai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xuemeng Si
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Huiyang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhaolai Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China.,Beijing Jingwa Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center, #1, Yuda Road, Pinggu, Beijing, P. R. China
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Yang Y, Wang L, Zhang C, Guo Y, Li J, Wu C, Jiao J, Zheng H. Ginsenoside Rg1 improves Alzheimer's disease by regulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and neuroinflammation through Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 99:884-896. [PMID: 35313087 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that can cause cognitive impairment. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) has a significant neuroprotective effect on animals with memory impairment. However, the mechanism of how Rg1 mediates the Wnt signaling pathway and improves cognitive function by regulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and neuroinflammation is still unclear. In this study, the spatial memory ability of tree shrews was tested by Morris water maze, the expression levels of amyloid protein (Aβ1-42), ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (iba-1), nitrotyrosine (NT), and 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OHG) were detected by immunohistochemistry. Subsequently, the activity of catalase (CAT) and the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was, respectively, measured by the ammonium molybdate method and the 5,5'-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid). Furthermore, the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was determined by the thiobarbituric acid test. Finally, the expression levels of Beta-secretase (BACE1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), BCL2-Associated X (Bax), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), caspase-anti-apoptotic factor Cleaved-caspase-3 (Caspase-3), microtubule-associated proteins 2 (MAP2), Neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN), as well as the phosphorylation of GSK-3β and β-catenin were detected by Western blot. This study implied that Rg1 reduced the phosphorylation of Tau protein, the deposition of Aβ1-42, and the expression of BACE1. It also showed that Rg1 increased the antioxidant activity of SOD, CAT, GPx, and instead reduced the oxidation products of NT, 8-OHG, and MDA, as wells as the inflammatory factor interleukin-1 and iba-1. It further showed that Rg1 increased the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax and expression of neuronal markers MAP2 and NeuN, but instead reduced the expression of Caspase-3, GSK-3β, and β-catenin. In conclusion, by regulating the Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway, Rg1 of moderate and high dose could alleviate oxidative stress damage, improve neuroinflammation, protect neurons, finally improve the cognitive impairment of the AD tree shrew. This study provides theoretical basis for the Rg1 clinical application in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Limei Wang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Caijun Zhang
- Experiment Center of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuqian Guo
- Affiliated Hospital of Medical Sergeant School, Army Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jintao Li
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Ion Medical Center, Hefei, China
| | - Jianlin Jiao
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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27
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Lee R, Kim DW, Lee WY, Park HJ. Zearalenone Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy in a Spermatogonia Cell Line. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14020148. [PMID: 35202175 PMCID: PMC8878478 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN), a widely known mycotoxin, is mainly produced by various Fusarium species, and it is a potent estrogenic metabolite that affects reproductive health in livestock and humans. In this study, the molecular mechanisms of toxicity and cell damage induced by ZEN in GC-1 spermatogonia (spg) cells were evaluated. Our results showed that cell viability decreased and apoptosis increased in a dose-dependent manner when GC-1 spg cells were exposed to ZEN. In addition, the key proteins involved in apoptosis, cleaved caspase-3 and -8, BAD, BAX, and phosphorylation of p53 and ERK1/2, were significantly increased in ZEN-exposed GC-1 spg cells for 24 h, and cytochrome c was released from mitochondria by ZEN. Interestingly, ZEN also triggered autophagy in GC-1 spg cells. The expression levels of the autophagy-related genes Atg5, Atg3, Beclin 1, LC3, Ulk1, Bnip 3, and p62 were significantly higher in ZEN-treated GC-1 spg cells, and the protein levels of both LC3A/B and Atg12 were remarkably increased in a dose-dependent manner in ZEN-exposed GC-1 spg cells compared to the control. In addition, immunostaining results showed that ZEN-treated groups showed a remarkable increase in LC 3A/B positive puncta as compared to the control in a dose-dependent manner based on confocal microscopy analysis in GC-1 spg cells. Our findings suggest that ZEN has toxic effects on tGC-1 spg cells and induces both apoptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Dong-Wook Kim
- Department of Swine & Poultry Science, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries, 1515, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54874, Jeollabuk-do, Korea;
| | - Won-Young Lee
- Department of Beef & Dairy Science, Korea National College of Agricultures and Fisheries, 1515, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54874, Jeollabuk-do, Korea;
| | - Hyun-Jung Park
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Sangji University, 83, Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si 26339, Gangwon-do, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-730-0543
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Bai J, Li J, Liu N, Jia H, Si X, Zhai Z, Zhou Y, Yang Y, Ren F, Wu Z. Glucosamine alleviates zearalenone damage to porcine trophectoderm cells by activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Food Funct 2022; 13:7857-7870. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00928e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As one of the mycotoxins commonly found in feed and food, zearalenone (ZEA) mainly harms the reproductive functions of humans and animals. In our study, we investigated the protective effects...
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