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Huang C, Tu S, Sheng W, Wang Z, Lin Z, Qian J, Zou J, Zhou H. Phylogenetic analysis, genetic diversity, and epidemiology of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 in China. Arch Virol 2024; 169:213. [PMID: 39365477 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-024-06144-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) poses significant economic challenges to the pigeon industry in China. However, information about the prevalence, genetic diversity, and epidemiology of PPMV-1 in China is still lacking. In this study, we isolated six strains of PPMV-1 from Hubei and Zhejiang provinces in 2022. All six isolates were found to belong to subgenotype VI.2.1.1.2.2. Five of them were identified as mesogenic and one as lentogenic. Multiple mutations were observed in the F and HN proteins of these isolates. Comprehensive analysis of global PPMV-1 strains highlighted the dominance of genotype VI, showing that VI.2.1.1.2.2 has been the dominant subgenotype since 2011. We also identified 36 host-specific amino acid substitutions that are unique to PPMV-1 in comparison to chicken-origin NDVs. The data reported here contribute to our understanding of the epidemiology, genetic diversity, and prevalence of PPMV-1 and serve as a valuable reference for the prevention and control of PPMV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuqi Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430030, P.R. China
| | - Shaoyu Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430030, P.R. China
| | - Wei Sheng
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430030, P.R. China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430030, P.R. China
| | - Zhipeng Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430030, P.R. China
| | - Jing Qian
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, P.R. China
| | - Jiahui Zou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430030, P.R. China.
| | - Hongbo Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China.
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, P.R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430030, P.R. China.
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Icochea E, Castro-Sanguinetti G, Gonzalez-Veliz R, Callupe-Leyva A, More-Bayona J. Cocirculation of Newcastle Disease Virus Genotypes XII and VII Along with Nonvirulent Forms Characterized in Domestic Birds from Peru. Avian Dis 2024; 68:231-239. [PMID: 39400218 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-d-24-00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is one of the most important pathogens affecting poultry, given its impact on health and production systems worldwide, despite widespread vaccination. Over the past 20 years, NDV has caused severe outbreaks of disease in Peru. These outbreaks primarily affected gamecocks and broiler chickens, with an additional reported case in commercial layers. Therefore, our objective was to identify and characterize the virus responsible for these cases in Peru. We analyzed 14 suspected clinical cases in domestic birds for NDV detection, isolation, and genetic characterization. Among these cases, seven involved gamecocks, with six genotype XII isolates and one genotype VII isolate, representing the first report of NDV genotype VII isolate from fighting roosters in Peru. Additionally, among the six cases in broiler chickens, we detected four genotype XII isolates and three genotype II isolates, including one sample containing both genotypes XII and II. Furthermore, a genotype I viral isolate was identified in a laying hen. Hence, we concluded that two divergent, highly virulent NDV genotypes, genotypes XII and VII, along with avirulent forms such as genotypes I and II are circulating among domestic birds in Peru. Genetic analysis indicates that these viruses are evolving locally within avian species and offers the basis necessary for vaccine adaptation to circulating viruses. Our results highlight the cocirculation of multiple virulent and nonvirulent NDV genotypes in domestic birds in Peru, underscoring the potential role of gamecocks as a viral source of virulent NDV strains in the country and the occurrence of outbreaks in poultry farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Icochea
- Laboratory of Avian Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 15081 Lima, Peru
| | - Gina Castro-Sanguinetti
- Laboratory of Avian Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 15081 Lima, Peru
| | - Rosa Gonzalez-Veliz
- Laboratory of Avian Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 15081 Lima, Peru
| | - Alonso Callupe-Leyva
- Laboratory of Avian Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 15081 Lima, Peru
| | - Juan More-Bayona
- Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 15081 Lima, Peru,
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Al-Mubarak AIA, Al-Kubati AAG, Sheikh A, Abdelaziz AM, Hussen J, Kandeel M, Falemban B, Hemida MG. Detection of Avian Orthoavulavirus-1 genotypes VI.2.1 and VII.1.1 with neuro-viscerotropic tropism in some backyard pigeons (Columbidae) in Eastern Saudi Arabia. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1352636. [PMID: 38500603 PMCID: PMC10947193 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1352636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Avian orthoavulavirus-1 (AOAV1) has a wide host range, including domestic and wild birds. The present study aimed to identify the currently circulating AOAV1 strains from some outbreaks in some backyard pigeons in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia (ERSA). Methods Tracheal/cloacal swabs and tissue specimens were collected from eight backyards in Al-Ahsa, ERSA, between January 2021 and March 2023. Samples were tested for the presence of AOAV1 using commercial real-time RT-PCR. Part of the fusion gene was also amplified by gel-based RT-PCR, and the obtained amplicons were sequenced. Results and discussion AOAV1 was detected in samples from the eight flocks. The retrieved sequences from samples of 6/8 pigeon backyards are reported. Phylogenetic analysis based on the obtained sequences from these backyard pigeons showed the segregation of the obtained sequences in AOAV1 genotypes VI.2.1 and VII.1.1. Clinically, nervous manifestations were dominant in pigeons infected with both genotypes. Respiratory manifestations and significantly higher overall mortality rate were induced by genotype VI.2.1. The deduced amino acid sequences of the fusion protein cleavage site (FPCS) showed that all the detected isolates belong to velogenic strains. Differences in clinical profiles induced by the natural infection of pigeons with AOAV1 genotypes VI.2.1 and VII.1.1 were reported. The present findings highlight the potential roles of some backyard pigeons in the long-distance spread and cross-species transmission of the reported AOAVI genotypes. Further research is required to perform biotyping and pathotyping of the reported strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah I. A. Al-Mubarak
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar A. G. Al-Kubati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
| | - Abdullah Sheikh
- Camel Research Center, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel M. Abdelaziz
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Educational Hospital, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jamal Hussen
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Baraa Falemban
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged Gomaa Hemida
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, Brookville, NY, United States
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Elbestawy A, Ellakany H, Sedeik M, Gado A, Abdel-Latif M, Noreldin A, Orabi A, Radwan I, El-Ghany WA. Superior Efficacy of Apathogenic Genotype I (V4) over Lentogenic Genotype II (LaSota) Live Vaccines against Newcastle Disease Virus Genotype VII.1.1 in Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern-H9N2 Vaccinated Broiler Chickens. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1638. [PMID: 38005970 PMCID: PMC10674370 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A comparison of the efficacy of apathogenic genotype I (V4) and lentogenic genotype II (LaSota) strains of live Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccines was performed following vaccination with pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) H9N2 avian influenza vaccine and challenge with velogenic NDV genotype VII.1.1 (vNDV-VII.1.1). Eight groups (Gs) of day-old chicks were used (n = 25). Groups 1-4 received a single dose of PAMP-H9N2 subcutaneously, while Gs (1, 5) and (2, 6) received eye drops of V4 and LaSota, respectively, as two doses. All Gs, except for 4 and 8, were intramuscularly challenged with vNDV-VII.1.1 at 28 days of age. No signs were detected in Gs 1, 5, 4, and 8. The mortality rates were 0% in Gs 1, 4, 5, and 8; 40% in G2; 46.66% in G6; and 100% in Gs 3 and 7. Lesions were recorded as minimal in Gs 1 and 5, but mild to moderate in Gs 2 and 6. The lowest significant viral shedding was detected in Gs 1, 2, and 5. In conclusion, two successive vaccinations of broilers with a live V4 NDV vaccine provided higher protection against vNDV-VII.1.1 challenge than LaSota. PAMP-H9N2 with live NDV vaccines induced more protection than the live vaccine alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elbestawy
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt; (H.E.); (A.G.)
| | - Hany Ellakany
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt; (H.E.); (A.G.)
| | - Mahmoud Sedeik
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Gado
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt; (H.E.); (A.G.)
| | - Mervat Abdel-Latif
- Nutrition and Veterinary Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, El-Beheira 22511, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Noreldin
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, El-Beheira 22511, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Orabi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt;
| | - Ismail Radwan
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62511, Egypt;
| | - Wafaa Abd El-Ghany
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt;
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Jabir MS, Al-Shammari AM, Ali ZO, Albukhaty S, Sulaiman GM, Jawad SF, Hamzah SS, Syed A, Elgorban AM, Eswaramoorthy R, Zaghloul NSS, Al-Dulimi AG, Najm MAA. Combined oncolytic virotherapy gold nanoparticles as synergistic immunotherapy agent in breast cancer control. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16843. [PMID: 37803068 PMCID: PMC10558528 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42299-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Combining viruses and nanoparticles may be a way to successfully treat cancer and minimize adverse effects. The current work aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a specific combination of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) to enhance the antitumor effect of breast cancer in both in vitro and in vivo models. Two human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and AMJ-13) and a normal epithelial cell line (HBL-100) were used and treated with NDV and/or GNPs. The MTT assay was used to study the anticancer potentials of NDV and GNP. The colony formation assay and apoptosis markers were used to confirm the killing mechanisms of NDV and GNP against breast cancer cell lines. p53 and caspase-9 expression tested by the qRT-PCR technique. Our results showed that combination therapy had a significant killing effect against breast cancer cells. The findings demonstrated that NDV and GNPs induced apoptosis in cancer cells by activating caspase-9, the p53 protein, and other proteins related to apoptosis, which holds promise as a combination therapy for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid S Jabir
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad, 10066, Iraq.
| | - Ahmed M Al-Shammari
- Experimental Therapy Department, Iraqi Center for Cancer and Medical Genetics Research, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Zainab O Ali
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad, 10066, Iraq
| | - Salim Albukhaty
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Misan, Maysan, 62001, Iraq
- College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Ghassan M Sulaiman
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad, 10066, Iraq.
| | - Sabrean F Jawad
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Sawsan S Hamzah
- College of Dentistry, Department of Basic Sciences, Ibn Sina University of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah M Elgorban
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, 600 077, India
| | - Nouf S S Zaghloul
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1FD, UK
| | - Ali G Al-Dulimi
- Department of Dentistry, Bilad Alrafidain University College, Diyala, 32001, Iraq
| | - Mazin A A Najm
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
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Wang HY, Wu MC, Chen HW, Lai YC, Huang WH, Chang HW, Jeng CR, Cheng CH, Wang PJ, Lai YH, Chang YC. Isolation, full sequence analysis, and in situ hybridization of pigeon paramyxovirus-1 genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 from oriental turtle doves (Streptopelia orientalis). Poult Sci 2023; 102:102974. [PMID: 37573845 PMCID: PMC10448340 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus-1 (PPMV-1), a genetic variant of avian paramyxovirus-1 (APMV-1), has been identified in Columbiformes and is the primary cause of diseases in captive and free-ranging pigeons. However, it has also been reported that PPMV-1 can infect chickens naturally and experimentally, thus posing a potential threat to the poultry industry. This study investigated a lethal outbreak of paramyxovirus infection that occurred among 16 oriental turtle doves (Streptopelia orientalis) in a walk-in aviary at a zoo from March to April 2021. Necropsies were performed, and histopathological findings revealed mild to moderate lymphoplasmacytic infiltration in several organs, such as the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and lungs. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks, virus isolation from fresh tissue, and in situ hybridization against the fusion (F) protein confirmed the diagnosis for PPMV-1 infection. The isolated strain NTU/C239/21 was fully sequenced by next-generation sequencing, and the results of phylogenetic analyses revealed that the F protein of NTU/C239/21 shared 98.8% nucleotide sequence identity with Pigeon/Taiwan/AHRI121/2017, which was isolated from a feral pigeon in Taiwan. The present study is the first to identify PPMV-1 infection in Streptopelia orientalis and suggests that Streptopelia orientalis may also play an important role in spreading the infection, similar to pigeons in APMV-1 spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yang Wang
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chi Wu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chiang Lai
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsiang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chain-Ren Jeng
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Yen-Chen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chang Z, Dong X, Guan Z, Lu K, Chen X, Wei X, Guo H, Dang R, Wang J, Wang X, Xiao S, Yang Z, Liu H. Antigenic variation in hemagglutinin-neuraminidase of Newcastle disease virus isolated from Tibet, China. Vet Microbiol 2023; 285:109872. [PMID: 37690146 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines are widely used to prevent Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Under the pressure of immunization, NDVs with mutations among epitopes of F and HN protein were isolated, which indicates that the efficiency of vaccine may decrease in terms of preventing emerged NDV. However, the lack of evidences to support whether these mutations contribute to antigenic mutation and immune escape in NDV leading to the controversy that the matched vaccine is more effective than the mismatched vaccine. In this study, a genotype VII velogenic NDV strain (C22) was isolated from a vaccinated farm in Tibet, China. We found that this strain was close to NDV from east China, but it had a specific mutation (K138R) in one epitope (131DYIGGIGKE139) of HN protein. This mutation might change the interaction between amino acids in stalk-head link region of HN protein and then induce the specific antibody to worse recognize the C22 strain, but it did not alter viral virulence and growth ability. Then, the C22 strain was attenuated via modification of the F protein cleavage site to generate a matched vaccine. Comparing to a mismatched vaccine (LaSota), this matched vaccine showed advantages in inhibiting viral shedding and tissue damage. However, both vaccines induced chicken to generate similar level of neutralizing antibodies against C22, C22mut (R138K) and LaSota. These results suggest that the epitope mutation is insufficient to help NDV escaping neutralizing antibodies of vaccinated chicken, supporting that the merits of NDV matched vaccine are not totally related to humoral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwu Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyu Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhao Guan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kejia Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xi Chen
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xi Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hanwei Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruyi Dang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinglong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sa Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zengqi Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Haijin Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Duan Z, Zhang Q, Liu M, Hu Z. Multifunctionality of matrix protein in the replication and pathogenesis of Newcastle disease virus: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:126089. [PMID: 37532184 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
As an important structural protein in virion morphogenesis, the matrix (M) protein of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is demonstrated to be a nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking protein and plays essential roles in viral assembly and budding. In recent years, increasing lines of evidence have indicated that the M protein has obvious influence on the pathotypes of NDV, and the interaction of M protein with cellular proteins is also closely associated with the replication and pathogenicity of NDV. Although substantial progress has been made in the past 40 years towards understanding the structure and function of NDV M protein, the available information is scattered. Therefore, this review article summarizes and updates the research progress on the structural feature, virulence and pathotype correlation, and nucleocytoplasmic transport mechanism of NDV M protein, as well as the functions of M protein and cellular protein interactions in M's intracellular localization, viral RNA synthesis and transcription, viral protein synthesis, viral immune evasion, and viral budding and release, which will provide an in-depth understanding of the biological functions of M protein in the replication and pathogenesis of NDV, and also contribute to the development of effective antiviral strategies aiming at blocking the early or late steps of NDV lifecycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in The Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
| | - Qianyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in The Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Menglan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in The Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China; College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zenglei Hu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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9
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Zhang D, Ding Z, Xu X. Pathologic Mechanisms of the Newcastle Disease Virus. Viruses 2023; 15:v15040864. [PMID: 37112843 PMCID: PMC10143668 DOI: 10.3390/v15040864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) has been a consistent risk factor to the poultry industry worldwide. Its pathogen, Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is also a promising antitumor treatment candidate. The pathogenic mechanism has intrigued the great curiosity of researchers, and advances in the last two decades have been summarized in this paper. The NDV’s pathogenic ability is highly related to the basic protein structure of the virus, which is described in the Introduction of this review. The overall clinical signs and recent findings pertaining to NDV-related lymph tissue damage are then described. Given the involvement of cytokines in the overall virulence of NDV, cytokines, particularly IL6 and IFN expressed during infection, are reviewed. On the other hand, the host also has its way of antagonizing the virus, which starts with the detection of the pathogen. Thus, advances in NDV’s physiological cell mechanism and the subsequent IFN response, autophagy, and apoptosis are summarized to provide a whole picture of the NDV infection process.
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Hossain I, Parvin R, Rahman MM, Begum JA, Chowdhury EH, Islam MR, Diel DG, Nooruzzaman M. Comparative pathogenicity of a genotype XXI.1.2 pigeon Newcastle disease virus isolate in pigeons and chickens. Microb Pathog 2023; 178:106068. [PMID: 36933579 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Here, we performed molecular and pathogenic characterization of a Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolate from pigeons in Bangladesh. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the complete fusion gene sequences classified the three study isolates into genotype XXI (sub-genotype XXI.1.2) together with recent NDV isolates obtained from pigeons in Pakistan (2014-2018). The Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis revealed that the ancestor of Bangladeshi pigeon NDVs and the viruses from sub-genotype XXI.1.2 existed in the late 1990s. Pathogenicity testing using mean embryo death time pathotyped the viruses as mesogenic, while all isolates carried multiple basic amino acid residues at the fusion protein cleavage site. Experimental infection of chickens and pigeons revealed no or minimum clinical signs in chickens, while a relatively high morbidity (70%) and mortality (60%) were observed in pigeons. The infected pigeons showed extensive and systemic lesions including hemorrhagic and/or vascular changes in the conjunctiva, respiratory and digestive system and brain, and atrophy in the spleen, while only mild congestion in the lungs was noticed in the inoculated chickens. Histologically, consolidation in the lungs with collapsed alveoli and edema around the blood vessels, hemorrhages in the trachea, severe hemorrhages and congestion, focal aggregation of mononuclear cells, and single hepatocellular necrosis in the liver, severe congestion, multifocal tubular degeneration, and necrosis, as well as mononuclear cell infiltration in the renal parenchyma, encephalomalacia with severe neuronal necrosis with neuronophagia were noticed in the brain in infected pigeons. In contrast, only slight congestion was found in lungs of the infected chickens. qRT-PCR revealed the replication of the virus in both pigeons and chickens; however, higher viral RNA loads were observed in oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs, respiratory tissues, and spleen of infected pigeons than the chickens. In conclusion, genotype XXI.1.2 NDVs are circulating in the pigeon population of Bangladesh since 1990s, produce high mortality in pigeons with pneumonia, hepatocellular necrosis, renal tubular degeneration, and neuronal necrosis in pigeons, and may infect chickens without overt signs of clinical disease and are likely to shed viruses via the oral or cloacal routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Hossain
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Rokshana Parvin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Mijanur Rahman
- Department of Livestock Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Krishi Khamar Sarak, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jahan Ara Begum
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Emdadul Haque Chowdhury
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Diego G Diel
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Mohammed Nooruzzaman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh; Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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Improvement of a Real-Time Reverse Transcription–Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for the Sensitive Detection of the F Gene of Avian Orthoavulavirus-1 (AOAV-1). Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10030223. [PMID: 36977262 PMCID: PMC10056874 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10030223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian orthoavulavirus-1 (AOAV-1) is the causative agent of Newcastle disease in poultry. This highly infectious disease causes large economic losses annually and worldwide. AOAV-1 does not only infect poultry, but it has a very broad host range and has been detected in over 230 bird species to date. A distinct group of viral strains within AOAV-1 are pigeon-adapted strains, also named pigeon paramyxovirus-1 (PPMV-1). AOAV-1 is transmitted through the feces of infected birds and secretions from the nasal and oral cavities and eyes. It is worth mentioning that wild birds can transmit the virus to captive birds, especially feral pigeons to poultry. Therefore, early and sensitive detection of this virus—including the monitoring of pigeons—is of utmost importance. A variety of molecular methods for the detection of AOAV-1 already exist, but the detection of the F gene cleavage site of currently circulating PPMV-1 strains has not proven to be particularly sensitive or suitable. As presented here, by modifying the primers and probe of an already established real-time reverse-transcription PCR, the sensitivity could be increased, allowing for a more reliable detection of the AOAV-1 F gene cleavage site. Furthermore, it becomes clear how important it is to constantly monitor and, if necessary, adapt existing diagnostic procedures.
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12
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Ather S, Wajid A, Batool A, Noureen A, Ain Q, Ayub G, Molouki A, Sultan IN, Mahmood S, Hanif A, Ahmed N. Genomic and comparative clinico-pathological assessment of two Pakistani pigeon-derived newcastle disease virus sub-genotypes XXI.1.1 and XXI.1.2 isolated in 2017. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 94:101957. [PMID: 36808017 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.101957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus type-1 (PPMV-1) is an antigenic-variant of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) which is associated with infection in Columbidae family. In this study, we isolated two pigeon-derived strains pi/Pak/Lhr/SA_1/17 (designed as SA_1) and pi/Pak/Lhr/SA_2/17 (designed as SA_2) from diseased pigeons collected in Punjab province in 2017. We performed the whole genome, phylogenetic analysis and comparative clinico-pathological evaluation of two viruses in pigeons. Phylogenetic analysis based on fusion (F) gene and complete genome sequences showed that SA_1 belonged to sub-genotype XXI.1.1 and SA_2 clustered in sub-genotype XXI.1.2. SA_1 and SA_2 viruses contributed to morbidity and mortality in pigeons. Remarkably, although the two viruses resulted in comparatively similar pattern of pathogenesis and replication ability in various tissues of infected pigeons, SA_2 could cause more severe histopathological lesions and had comparatively high replication ability in pigeons than SA_1. Moreover, pigeons infected with SA_2 had higher shedding efficiency than that of pigeons infected with SA_1. Moreover, several aa substitutions in the major functional domains of the F and HN proteins might be contributed to the pathogenic differences between the two isolates in pigeons. Overall, these findings provide us with important insight into the epidemiology and evolution of PPMV-1 in Pakistan and laid the foundation for the further elucidation of the mechanism underlying the pathogenic difference of PPMV-1 in pigeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Ather
- Department of Molecular Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wajid
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan.
| | - Andleeb Batool
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aasma Noureen
- Department of Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Pakistan
| | - Quratul Ain
- Department of Biotechnology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Pakistan
| | - Goher Ayub
- Department of Biotechnology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Pakistan
| | - Aidin Molouki
- Department of Poultry Diseases, RAZI vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
| | - Imrana Niaz Sultan
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Sara Mahmood
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Atif Hanif
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazeer Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
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Goraichuk IV, Gerilovych A, Bolotin V, Solodiankin O, Dimitrov KM, Rula O, Muzyka N, Mezinov O, Stegniy B, Kolesnyk O, Pantin-Jackwood MJ, Miller PJ, Afonso CL, Muzyka D. Genetic diversity of Newcastle disease viruses circulating in wild and synanthropic birds in Ukraine between 2006 and 2015. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1026296. [PMID: 36742982 PMCID: PMC9893288 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1026296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infects a wide range of bird species worldwide and is of importance to the poultry industry. Although certain virus genotypes are clearly associated with wild bird species, the role of those species in the movement of viruses and the migratory routes they follow is still unclear. In this study, we performed a phylogenetic analysis of nineteen NDV sequences that were identified among 21,924 samples collected from wild and synanthropic birds from different regions of Ukraine from 2006 to 2015 and compared them with isolates from other continents. In synanthropic birds, NDV strains of genotype II, VI, VII, and XXI of class II were detected. The fusion gene sequences of these strains were similar to strains detected in birds from different geographical regions of Europe and Asia. However, it is noteworthy to mention the isolation of vaccine viruses from synanthropic birds, suggesting the possibility of their role in viral transmission from vaccinated poultry to wild birds, which may lead to the further spreading of vaccine viruses into other regions during wild bird migration. Moreover, here we present the first publicly available complete NDV F gene from a crow (genus Corvus). Additionally, our phylogenetic results indicated a possible connection of Ukrainian NDV isolates with genotype XXI strains circulating in Kazakhstan. Among strains from wild birds, NDVs of genotype 1 of class I and genotype I of class II were detected. The phylogenetic analysis highlighted the possible exchange of these NDV strains between wild waterfowl from the Azov-Black Sea region of Ukraine and waterfowl from different continents, including Europe, Asia, and Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna V. Goraichuk
- National Scientific Centre, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Kharkiv, Ukraine,Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, US National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Anton Gerilovych
- National Scientific Centre, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Vitaliy Bolotin
- National Scientific Centre, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Olexii Solodiankin
- National Scientific Centre, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Kiril M. Dimitrov
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, US National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Oleksandr Rula
- National Scientific Centre, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Nataliia Muzyka
- National Scientific Centre, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr Mezinov
- The F.E. Falz-Fein Biosphere Reserve “Askania Nova”, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Askania-Nova, Kherson Oblast, Ukraine
| | - Borys Stegniy
- National Scientific Centre, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Olena Kolesnyk
- National Scientific Centre, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Mary J. Pantin-Jackwood
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, US National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Patti J. Miller
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, US National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Claudio L. Afonso
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, US National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Denys Muzyka
- National Scientific Centre, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Kharkiv, Ukraine,Department of Zoology, H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine,*Correspondence: Denys Muzyka ✉
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14
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Young KT, Stephens JQ, Poulson RL, Stallknecht DE, Dimitrov KM, Butt SL, Stanton JB. Putative Novel Avian Paramyxovirus (AMPV) and Reidentification of APMV-2 and APMV-6 to the Species Level Based on Wild Bird Surveillance (United States, 2016-2018). Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0046622. [PMID: 35612300 PMCID: PMC9195946 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00466-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian paramyxoviruses (APMVs) (subfamily Avulavirinae) have been isolated from over 200 species of wild and domestic birds around the world. The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) currently defines 22 different APMV species, with Avian orthoavulavirus 1 (whose viruses are designated APMV-1) being the most frequently studied due to its economic burden to the poultry industry. Less is known about other APMV species, including limited knowledge on the genetic diversity in wild birds, and there is a paucity of public whole-genome sequences for APMV-2 to -22. The goal of this study was to use MinION sequencing to genetically characterize APMVs isolated from wild bird swab samples collected during 2016 to 2018 in the United States. Multiplexed MinION libraries were prepared using a random strand-switching approach using 37 egg-cultured, influenza-negative, hemagglutination-positive samples. Forty-one APMVs were detected, with 37 APMVs having complete polymerase coding sequences allowing for species identification using ICTV's current Paramyxoviridae phylogenetic methodology. APMV-1, -4, -6, and -8 viruses were classified, one putative novel species (Avian orthoavulavirus 23) was identified from viruses isolated in this study, two putative new APMV species (Avian metaavulavirus 24 and 27) were identified from viruses isolated in this study and from retrospective GenBank sequences, and two putative new APMV species (Avian metaavulavirus 25 and 26) were identified solely from retrospective GenBank sequences. Furthermore, coinfections of APMVs were identified in four samples. The potential limitations of the branch length being the only species identification criterion and the potential benefit of a group pairwise distance analysis are discussed. IMPORTANCE Most species of APMVs are understudied and/or underreported, and many species were incidentally identified from asymptomatic wild birds; however, the disease significance of APMVs in wild birds is not fully determined. The rapid rise in high-throughput sequencing coupled with avian influenza surveillance programs have identified 12 different APMV species in the last decade and have challenged the resolution of classical serological methods to identify new viral species. Currently, ICTV's only criterion for Paramyxoviridae species classification is the requirement of a branch length of >0.03 using a phylogenetic tree constructed from polymerase (L) amino acid sequences. The results from this study identify one new APMV species, propose four additional new APMV species, and highlight that the criterion may have insufficient resolution for APMV species demarcation and that refinement or expansion of this criterion may need to be established for Paramyxoviridae species identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey T. Young
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Jazz Q. Stephens
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Rebecca L. Poulson
- Department of Population Health, Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - David E. Stallknecht
- Department of Population Health, Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Kiril M. Dimitrov
- Department of Virology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Salman L. Butt
- Department of Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - James B. Stanton
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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15
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Surveillance of Class I Newcastle Disease Virus at Live Bird Markets in China and Identification of Variants with Increased Virulence and Replication Capacity. J Virol 2022; 96:e0024122. [PMID: 35510864 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00241-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, 232 class I Newcastle disease viruses (NDVs) were identified from multiple bird species at nationwide live bird markets (LBMs) from 2017 to 2019 in China. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that all 232 isolates were clustered into genotype 1.1.2 of class I on the basis of the fusion (F) gene sequences, which were distinct from the genotypes identified in other countries. Most of the isolates (212/232) were shown to have the typical F gene molecular characteristics of class I NDVs, while a few (20/232) contained mutations at the site of the conventional start codon of the F gene, which resulted in open reading frames (ORFs) altered in length. The isolates with ACG, CTA, and ATA mutations showed different levels of increased virulence and replication capacity, suggesting that these viruses may be transitional types during the evolution of class I NDVs from avirulent to virulent. Further evaluation of biological characteristics with recombinant viruses obtained by reverse genetics demonstrated that the ATG located at genomic positions 4523 to 4525 was the authentic start codon in the F gene of class I NDV, and the specific ATA mutations which contributed to the expression of F protein on the surface of infected cells were the key determinants of increased replication capacity and virulence. Interestingly, the mutation at the corresponding site of genotype II LaSota of class II had no effects on the virulence and replication capacity in chickens. Our results suggest that the alteration of virulence and replication capacity caused by specific mutations in the F gene could be a specific characteristic of class I NDVs and indicate the possibility of the emergence of virulent NDVs due to the persistent circulation of class I NDVs. IMPORTANCE The available information on the distribution, genetic diversity, evolution, and biological characteristics of class I Newcastle disease viruses (NDVs) in domestic poultry is currently very limited. Here, identification of class I NDVs at nationwide live bird markets (LBMs) in China was performed and representative isolates were characterized. A widespread distribution of genotype 1.1.2 of class I NDVs was found in multiple bird species at LBMs in China. Though most isolates demonstrated typical molecular characteristics of class I NDVs, a few that contained specific mutations at the site of the conventional start codon of the fusion gene with increased virulence and replication capacity were identified for the first time. Our findings indicate that the virulence of class I NDVs could have evolved, and the widespread transmission and circulation of class I NDVs may represent a potential threat for disease outbreaks in poultry.
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16
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Nie F, Zhang J, Li M, Chang X, Duan H, Li H, Zhou J, Ji Y, Guo L. Transcriptome analysis of thymic tissues from Chinese Partridge Shank chickens with or without Newcastle disease virus LaSota vaccine injection via high-throughput RNA sequencing. Bioengineered 2022; 13:9131-9144. [PMID: 35403571 PMCID: PMC9161911 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2008737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Furong Nie
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingfeng Zhang
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengyun Li
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuanniu Chang
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haitao Duan
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haoyan Li
- Henan Chenxia Biomedical Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yudan Ji
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liangxing Guo
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
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Dong B, Tang N, Guan Y, Qu G, Miao L, Han W, Shen Z. Type and Abundance of Sialic Acid Receptors on Host Cell Membrane Affect Infectivity and Viral Titer of Different Strains of Newcastle Disease Virus. J Virol Methods 2022; 302:114488. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2022.114488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
Birds are important hosts for many RNA viruses, including influenza A virus, Newcastle disease virus, West Nile virus and coronaviruses. Innate defense against RNA viruses in birds involves detection of viral RNA by pattern recognition receptors. Several receptors of different classes are involved, such as endosomal toll-like receptors and cytoplasmic retinoic acid-inducible gene I-like receptors, and their downstream adaptor proteins. The function of these receptors and their antagonism by viruses is well established in mammals; however, this has received less attention in birds. These receptors have been characterized in a few bird species, and the completion of avian genomes will permit study of their evolution. For each receptor, functional work has established ligand specificity and activation by viral infection. Engagement of adaptors, regulation by modulators and the supramolecular organization of proteins required for activation are incompletely understood in both mammals and birds. These receptors bind conserved nucleic acid agonists such as single- or double-stranded RNA and generally show purifying selection, particularly the ligand binding regions. However, in birds, these receptors and adaptors differ between species, and between individuals, suggesting that they are under selection for diversification over time. Avian receptors and signalling pathways, like their mammalian counterparts, are targets for antagonism by a variety of viruses, intent on escape from innate immune responses.
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19
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Amat JAR, Patton V, Chauché C, Goldfarb D, Crispell J, Gu Q, Coburn AM, Gonzalez G, Mair D, Tong L, Martinez-Sobrido L, Marshall JF, Marchesi F, Murcia PR. Long-term adaptation following influenza A virus host shifts results in increased within-host viral fitness due to higher replication rates, broader dissemination within the respiratory epithelium and reduced tissue damage. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1010174. [PMID: 34919598 PMCID: PMC8735595 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms and consequences of genome evolution on viral fitness following host shifts are poorly understood. In addition, viral fitness -the ability of an organism to reproduce and survive- is multifactorial and thus difficult to quantify. Influenza A viruses (IAVs) circulate broadly among wild birds and have jumped into and become endemic in multiple mammalian hosts, including humans, pigs, dogs, seals, and horses. H3N8 equine influenza virus (EIV) is an endemic virus of horses that originated in birds and has been circulating uninterruptedly in equine populations since the early 1960s. Here, we used EIV to quantify changes in infection phenotype associated to viral fitness due to genome-wide changes acquired during long-term adaptation. We performed experimental infections of two mammalian cell lines and equine tracheal explants using the earliest H3N8 EIV isolated (A/equine/Uruguay/63 [EIV/63]), and A/equine/Ohio/2003 (EIV/2003), a monophyletic descendant of EIV/63 isolated 40 years after the emergence of H3N8 EIV. We show that EIV/2003 exhibits increased resistance to interferon, enhanced viral replication, and a more efficient cell-to-cell spread in cells and tissues. Transcriptomics analyses revealed virus-specific responses to each virus, mainly affecting host immunity and inflammation. Image analyses of infected equine respiratory explants showed that despite replicating at higher levels and spreading over larger areas of the respiratory epithelium, EIV/2003 induced milder lesions compared to EIV/63, suggesting that adaptation led to reduced tissue pathogenicity. Our results reveal previously unknown links between virus genotype and the host response to infection, providing new insights on the relationship between virus evolution and fitness. As viruses are obligate intracellular pathogens, their ability to replicate and spread within their hosts is key for survival, even if it leads to severe disease or death of the host. Understanding the consequences of long-term virus adaptation after viral emergence is key for pandemic preparedness. H3N8 equine influenza virus (EIV) originated in birds and has circulated in horses since 1963, thus providing unique opportunities to study virus adaptation. We compared the replication kinetics of two EIVs of the same lineage but with different evolutionary histories: the earliest virus (EIV/63, isolated in 1963), and EIV/2003, which was isolated after 40 years of continuous circulation in horses. Experimental infections of cell lines (MDCK and E.Derm cells) and equine respiratory explants show that EIV evolved towards enhanced replication and cell-to-cell spread; but reduced tissue damage, confirming that viral fitness is adaptive and does not necessarily result in higher virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien A. R. Amat
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Veronica Patton
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Chauché
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Goldfarb
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna Crispell
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Quan Gu
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Alice M. Coburn
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Gaelle Gonzalez
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Université Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Daniel Mair
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Lily Tong
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | | | - John F. Marshall
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Marchesi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo R. Murcia
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Zhan T, He D, Lu X, Liao T, Wang W, Chen Q, Liu X, Gu M, Wang X, Hu S, Liu X. Biological Characterization and Evolutionary Dynamics of Pigeon Paramyxovirus Type 1 in China. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:721102. [PMID: 34722696 PMCID: PMC8548471 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.721102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) is considered as an antigenic variant of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) which has an obvious host preference for pigeons and has caused significant economic losses to the global poultry industry. The evolutionary dynamics of PPMV-1 in China, however, are poorly understood. In this study, we characterized seven PPMV-1 isolates from diseased pigeons collected in Jiangsu, Anhui, and Henan provinces during 2020. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that seven isolates belonged to sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2. Biological characterization indicated that seven isolates were mesogenic based on the mean death time (69.6-91.2 h) and intracerebral pathogenicity index (1.19-1.40) and had similar growth kinetics in chicken embryos and CEFs. Furthermore, the four representative viruses (AH/01/20/Pi, JS/06/20/Pi, HN/01/20/Pi, and HN/02/20/Pi) could result in marked cytopathic effects (CPE) in CEFs and induced syncytium formation in Vero cells. Our Bayesian phylogenetic analysis showed that PPMV-1 might first emerge in East China in 1974 and East China had the highest genotypic diversity of PPMV-1. Besides, phylogeographic analysis indicated that East China and South China were probably the major epicenters of dissemination of PPMV-1 in China. Selection pressure analysis and amino acid substitutions analysis revealed that the viral replication complex (NP, P, and L proteins) was likely related with the host preference of PPMV-1. Collectively, this study uncovered the epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics of PPMV-1 circulating in China, emphasizing the importance of strengthening the monitoring of PPMV-1 in East China and South China and providing significant clues for further studies on the molecular mechanism underlying host preference of PPMV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiansong Zhan
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dongchang He
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Lu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tianxing Liao
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenli Wang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Min Gu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoquan Wang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shunlin Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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21
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Nooruzzaman M, Barman LR, Mumu TT, Chowdhury EH, Dimitrov KM, Islam MR. A Pigeon-Derived Sub-Genotype XXI.1.2 Newcastle Disease Virus from Bangladesh Induces High Mortality in Chickens. Viruses 2021; 13:v13081520. [PMID: 34452385 PMCID: PMC8402815 DOI: 10.3390/v13081520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a significant pathogen of poultry; however, variants also affect other species, including pigeons. While NDV is endemic in Bangladesh, and poultry isolates have been recently characterized, information about viruses infecting pigeons is limited. Worldwide, pigeon-derived isolates are commonly of low to moderate virulence for chickens. Here, we studied a pigeon-derived NDV isolated in Bangladesh in 2010. To molecularly characterize the isolate, we sequenced its complete fusion gene and performed a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis. We further studied the biological properties of the virus by estimating mean death time (MDT) and by experimentally infecting 5-week-old naïve Sonali chickens. The studied virus clustered in sub-genotype XXI.1.2 with NDV from pigeons from Pakistan isolated during 2014–2018. Deduced amino acid sequence analysis showed a polybasic fusion protein cleavage site motif, typical for virulent NDV. The performed in vivo pathogenicity testing showed a MDT of 40.8 h, and along with previously established intracerebral pathogenicity index of 1.51, these indicated a velogenic pathotype for chickens, which is not typical for pigeon-derived viruses. The experimental infection of chickens resulted in marked neurological signs and high mortality starting at 7 days post infection (dpi). Mild congestion in the thymus and necrosis in the spleen were observed at an advanced stage of infection. Microscopically, lymphoid depletion in the thymus, spleen, and bursa of Fabricius were found at 5 dpi, which progressed to severe in the following days. Mild to moderate proliferation of glial cells was noticed in the brain starting at 2 dpi, which gradually progressed with time, leading to focal nodular aggregation. This study reports the velogenic nature for domestic chickens of a pigeon-derived NDV isolate of sub-genotype XXI.1.2. Our findings show that not all pigeon-derived viruses are of low virulence for chickens and highlight the importance of biologically evaluating the pathogenicity of NDV isolated from pigeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Nooruzzaman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (M.N.); (L.R.B.); (T.T.M.); (E.H.C.)
| | - Lalita Rani Barman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (M.N.); (L.R.B.); (T.T.M.); (E.H.C.)
| | - Tanjin Tamanna Mumu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (M.N.); (L.R.B.); (T.T.M.); (E.H.C.)
| | - Emdadul Haque Chowdhury
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (M.N.); (L.R.B.); (T.T.M.); (E.H.C.)
| | - Kiril M. Dimitrov
- Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, 483 Agronomy Rd, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Correspondence: (K.M.D.); (M.R.I.)
| | - Mohammad Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (M.N.); (L.R.B.); (T.T.M.); (E.H.C.)
- Correspondence: (K.M.D.); (M.R.I.)
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22
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Zhan T, Lu X, He D, Gao X, Chen Y, Hu Z, Wang X, Hu S, Liu X. Phylogenetic analysis and pathogenicity assessment of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 circulating in China during 2007-2019. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:2076-2088. [PMID: 34213072 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) is an antigenic variant of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) which is mainly associated with infections of pigeons and has the potential to result in disease in chickens. In this study, we characterised 21 PPMV-1 isolates from diseased pigeons in China during 2007-2019. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all isolates belonged to genotype VI. Among them, most isolates belonged to sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2, suggesting that VI.2.1.1.2.2 has become a prevalent genotype in pigeons in China. The results showed that all PPMV-1 isolates were mesogenic in nature according to the mean death time (MDT) and intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI). In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that two genetically closely related isolates (Pi-11 and Pi-10) both of which belonged to sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 had similar replication kinetics in cells derived from pigeons, while the replication titre of Pi-11 was significantly higher than that of Pi-10 in cells derived from chickens. Pi-11 and Pi-10 could contribute to morbidity and mortality in pigeons. Remarkably, although the two viruses resulted in no apparent disease symptom in chickens, Pi-11 could cause more severe histopathological lesions and had a stronger replication ability in chickens compared to Pi-10. Moreover, chickens infected with Pi-11 had higher shedding efficiency than chickens infected with Pi-10. Additionally, several mutations within important functional regions of the fusion (F) and haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) proteins might be associated with different pathogenicity of the two viruses in chickens. Collectively, these results indicated that the Pi-11-like virus of pigeon origin has the potential to induce severe outbreaks in chicken flocks. These findings will help us better understand the epidemiology and evolution of PPMV-1 in China and serve as a foundation for the further investigation of the mechanism underlying the pathogenic difference of PPMV-1 isolates in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiansong Zhan
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolong Lu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongchang He
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomin Gao
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zenglei Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoquan Wang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shunlin Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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23
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Ul-Rahman A, Ishaq HM, Raza MA, Shabbir MZ. Zoonotic potential of Newcastle disease virus: Old and novel perspectives related to public health. Rev Med Virol 2021; 32:e2246. [PMID: 33971048 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has a worldwide distribution, causing lethal infection in a wide range of avian species. Affected birds develop respiratory, digestive and neurologic symptoms with profound immunosuppression. Mild systemic Newcastle disease (ND) infection restricted to the respiratory and neurological systems can be observed in humans and other non-avian hosts. Evidence of ND infection and its genome-based detection have been reported in Bovidae (cattle and sheep), Mustelidae (mink), Cercetidae (hamster), Muridae (mice), Leporidae (rabbit), Camelidae (camel), Suidae (pig), Cercophithecidae (monkeys) and Hominidae (humans). Owing to frequent ND outbreaks in poultry workers, individuals engaged in the veterinary field, including poultry production or evisceration and vaccine production units have constantly been at a much higher risk than the general population. A lethal form of infection has been described in immunocompromised humans and non-avian species including mink, pig and cattle demonstrating the capability of NDV to cross species barriers. Therefore, contact with infectious material and/or affected birds can pose a risk of zoonosis and raise public health concerns. The broad and expanding host range of NDV and its maintenance within non-avian species hampers disease control, particularly in disease-endemic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Ul-Rahman
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif Raza
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair Shabbir
- Quality Operations Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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Shan S, Bruce K, Stevens V, Wong FYK, Wang J, Johnson D, Middleton D, O’Riley K, McCullough S, Williams DT, Bergfeld J. In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of a Pigeon Paramyxovirus Type 1 Isolated from Domestic Pigeons in Victoria, Australia 2011. Viruses 2021; 13:v13030429. [PMID: 33800329 PMCID: PMC7998256 DOI: 10.3390/v13030429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant mortalities of racing pigeons occurred in Australia in late 2011 associated with a pigeon paramyxovirus serotype 1 (PPMV-1) infection. The causative agent, designated APMV-1/pigeon/Australia/3/2011 (P/Aus/3/11), was isolated from diagnostic specimens in specific pathogen free (SPF) embryonated eggs and was identified by a Newcastle Disease virus (NDV)-specific RT-PCR and haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test using reference polyclonal antiserum specific for NDV. The P/Aus/3/11 strain was further classified as PPMV-1 using the HI test and monoclonal antibody 617/161 by HI and phylogenetic analysis of the fusion gene sequence. The isolate P/Aus/3/11 had a slow haemagglutin-elution rate and was inactivated within 45 min at 56 °C. Cross HI tests generated an R value of 0.25, indicating a significant antigenic difference between P/Aus/3/11 and NDV V4 isolates. The mean death time (MDT) of SPF eggs infected with the P/Aus/3/11 isolate was 89.2 hr, characteristic of a mesogenic pathotype, consistent with other PPMV-1 strains. The plaque size of the P/Aus/3/11 isolate on chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells was smaller than those of mesogenic and velogenic NDV reference strains, indicating a lower virulence phenotype in vitro and challenge of six-week-old SPF chickens did not induce clinical signs. However, sequence analysis of the fusion protein cleavage site demonstrated an 112RRQKRF117 motif, which is typical of a velogenic NDV pathotype. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the P/Aus/3/11 isolate belongs to a distinct subgenotype within class II genotype VI of avian paramyxovirus type 1. This is the first time this genotype has been detected in Australia causing disease in domestic pigeons and is the first time since 2002 that an NDV with potential for virulence has been detected in Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songhua Shan
- CSIRO, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong, VIC 3219, Australia; (K.B.); (V.S.); (F.Y.K.W.); (J.W.); (D.T.W.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Kerri Bruce
- CSIRO, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong, VIC 3219, Australia; (K.B.); (V.S.); (F.Y.K.W.); (J.W.); (D.T.W.)
| | - Vittoria Stevens
- CSIRO, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong, VIC 3219, Australia; (K.B.); (V.S.); (F.Y.K.W.); (J.W.); (D.T.W.)
| | - Frank Y. K. Wong
- CSIRO, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong, VIC 3219, Australia; (K.B.); (V.S.); (F.Y.K.W.); (J.W.); (D.T.W.)
| | - Jianning Wang
- CSIRO, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong, VIC 3219, Australia; (K.B.); (V.S.); (F.Y.K.W.); (J.W.); (D.T.W.)
| | - Dayna Johnson
- Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia;
| | - Deborah Middleton
- CSIRO, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong, VIC 3219, Australia; (K.B.); (V.S.); (F.Y.K.W.); (J.W.); (D.T.W.)
| | - Kim O’Riley
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia;
| | - Sam McCullough
- CSIRO, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong, VIC 3219, Australia; (K.B.); (V.S.); (F.Y.K.W.); (J.W.); (D.T.W.)
| | - David T. Williams
- CSIRO, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong, VIC 3219, Australia; (K.B.); (V.S.); (F.Y.K.W.); (J.W.); (D.T.W.)
| | - Jemma Bergfeld
- CSIRO, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong, VIC 3219, Australia; (K.B.); (V.S.); (F.Y.K.W.); (J.W.); (D.T.W.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (J.B.)
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