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Gao Q, Zhu K, Sun W, Li S, Wang Y, Chang S, Zhao P. Application of lentinan in suppression of Marek's disease virus infection. Poult Sci 2024; 103:104427. [PMID: 39490132 PMCID: PMC11543884 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 09/20/2024] [Accepted: 10/12/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Marek's disease virus (MDV) is an extremely widespread avian immunosuppressive virus. In recent years, many reports have shown that there are still cases of MDV infection and immunosuppression after immunization with the vaccine. Consequently, there is a need to develop alternative complementary approaches for strengthening the efficacy of MDV prevention and control measures. Lentinan (LNT) is a macromolecular compound with immune-enhancing activity extracted from shiitake mushrooms. To explore the value and effectiveness of administering LNT through drinking water in the prevention and control of MDV, this study first observed the effects of high and low doses of LNT on weight gain, organ development, viral replication, and antibody titer of an avian influenza virus subtype H9 (AIV-H9) inactivated vaccine in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicks infected with the wild strain of MDV. The results showed that both high and low doses of LNT significantly alleviated the weight gain retardation and liver and spleen enlargement caused by MDV infection, and significantly inhibited the replication of MDV in SPF chicks (P < 0.05), compared with the MDV-positive control group, both high and low doses of LNT significantly increased the antibody titer of AIV-H9 after immunization with inactivated AIV-H9 vaccine (P < 0.0001). On this basis, we also observed the effects of a chicken Marek's disease meq gene deletion live vaccine (SC9-1 strain), administered alone or in combination with LNT, on MDV infections of varying virulence in Hy-Line Brown chicks. The results showed that combined administration of LNT and the SC9-1 vaccine resulted in a significant alleviation of weight gain retardation and liver and spleen enlargement due to MDV infection (P < 0.05), as well as a significant inhibition of MDV replication and release in Hy-Line Brown chicks compared to the vaccine alone (P < 0.0001). These findings suggest that LNT not only alleviates the adverse effects of MDV infection in chickens but also enhances the efficacy of MDV vaccination, offering a potential auxiliary measure for controlling MDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Kongda Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Wanli Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Shun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Shuang Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China.
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2
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Niebora J, Data K, Domagała D, Józkowiak M, Barrett S, Norizadeh Abbariki T, Bryja A, Kulus M, Woźniak S, Ziemak H, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Antosik P, Bukowska D, Mozdziak P, Dzięgiel P, Kempisty B. Avian Models for Human Carcinogenesis-Recent Findings from Molecular and Clinical Research. Cells 2024; 13:1797. [PMID: 39513904 PMCID: PMC11544849 DOI: 10.3390/cells13211797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2024] [Revised: 10/24/2024] [Accepted: 10/26/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Birds, especially the chick and hen, have been important biomedical research models for centuries due to the accessibility of the avian embryo and the early discovery of avian viruses. Comprehension of avian tumor virology was a milestone in basic cancer research, as was that of non-viral genesis, as it enabled the discovery of oncogenes. Furthermore, studies on avian viruses provided initial insights into Kaposi's sarcoma and EBV-induced diseases. However, the role of birds in human carcinogenesis extends beyond the realm of virology research. Utilization of CAM, the chorioallantoic membrane, an easily accessible extraembryonic tissue with rich vasculature, has enabled studies on tumor-induced angiogenesis and metastasis and the efficient screening of potential anti-cancer compounds. Also, the chick embryo alone is an effective preclinical in vivo patient-derived xenograft model, which is important for the development of personalized therapies. Furthermore, adult birds may also closely resemble human oncogenesis, as evidenced by the laying hen, which is the only animal model of a spontaneous form of ovarian cancer. Avian models may create an interesting alternative compared with mammalian models, enabling the creation of a relatively cost-effective and easy-to-maintain platform to address key questions in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Niebora
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland (D.D.); (M.J.)
| | - Krzysztof Data
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland (D.D.); (M.J.)
| | - Dominika Domagała
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland (D.D.); (M.J.)
| | - Małgorzata Józkowiak
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland (D.D.); (M.J.)
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
| | - Saoirse Barrett
- Human Clinical Embryology & Assisted Conception, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK
| | | | - Artur Bryja
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland (D.D.); (M.J.)
| | - Magdalena Kulus
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Sławomir Woźniak
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland (D.D.); (M.J.)
| | - Hanna Ziemak
- Veterinary Clinic of the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Science, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland (D.D.); (M.J.)
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Center of Assisted Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 601 77 Brno, Czech Republic
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3
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Li J, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Chen X, Wang C, Zhai X, Zhang T. Rapid detection of avian leukemia virus using CRISPR/Cas13a based lateral flow dipstick. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1424238. [PMID: 39220765 PMCID: PMC11362082 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1424238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Avian leukemia virus (ALV) is one of the main pathogens of poultry tumor diseases, and has caused significant economic losses to the poultry industry since its discovery. Therefore, establishing a rapid detection method is essential to effectively prevent and control the spread of ALV. In this study, specific CRISPR RNA (crRNA) and recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) primers with T7 promoter were designed based on the relatively conserved sequence of avian leukemia virus. When crRNA recognized the target sequence, Cas13a protein was activated to cut the reporting probes, and then the detection results were read by using lateral flow dipstick (LFD). The RAA-CRISPR/Cas13a-LFD reaction system was constructed. The RAA amplification time, Cas13a protein concentration, crRNA concentration and CRISPR reaction time were optimized to evaluate the specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility of the system. Finally, RAA-CRISPR/Cas13a-LFD method was compared with Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-Agarose electrophoresis method and qPCR method in the detection of clinical samples, and the reliability of RAA-CRISPR/Cas13a-LFD method was evaluated. The results showed that the RAA-CRISPR/Cas13a-LFD method could effectively amplify the target gene at 37°C for 40 min, and the test results could be determined by LFD visual observation. The method had good specificity and no cross-reaction with Marek's disease virus (MDV), Fowl adenovirus (FAdV), Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), Infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV), and Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). The minimum detection limit of the method was 100 copies/μL, and it had good repeatability and stability. The coincidence rate of clinical detection reached 97.69% and 99.23%. In summary, this study established a simple, efficient, accurate and visualized ALV detection method, which can be used for the prevention and rapid clinical diagnosis of avian leukosis (AL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Zichuang Zhang
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zongshu Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xi Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Chunguang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xianghe Zhai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Tie Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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Gao Q, Li S, Sun W, Yan H, Wang Y, Chang S, Zhao P. Immunopotentiating effect of lentinan on chicks and its inhibitory effect on Marek's disease virus infection. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103840. [PMID: 38772093 PMCID: PMC11131074 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Marek's disease virus (MDV) is a significant tumorigenic virus that causes severe immunosuppression in chickens. Lentinan (LNT) is an immunomodulator containing β-glucans and is widely used in areas such as antiviral, anticancer, and immune regulation. To investigate the immunomodulatory effects of LNT on specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicks and its potential to inhibit MDV infection, we conducted an MDV challenge experiment and observed the immune-enhancing effect of LNT on SPF chicks. The results showed that LNT promoted the growth and development of SPF chicks and induced the upregulation of cytokines such as Mx protein, interferon-γ (INF-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-2 (IL-2). The specific gravity of CD4+ T-lymphocytes and CD8+ T-lymphocytes and their ratios were also significantly upregulated. Prophylactic use of LNT inhibited MDV replication in lymphocytes, liver, and spleen. It also alleviated MDV-induced weight loss and hepatosplenomegaly in SPF chicks. The present study confirms that LNT can enhance the levels of innate and cellular immunity in SPF chicks and contributes to the inhibition of MDV replication in vivo and mitigation of immune organ damage in chicks due to MDV infection. This provides an adjunctive measure for better control of MDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Shun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Wanli Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Hongjian Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Shuang Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Tai'an, 271018, China.
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5
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Xu H, Li W, Nie Y, Chen S, Li H, Zhang X, Xie Q, Chen W. Synergy of Subgroup J Avian Leukosis Virus and Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus Enhances the Pathogenicity in Chickens. Microorganisms 2024; 12:740. [PMID: 38674684 PMCID: PMC11052190 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Subgroup J avian leukemia virus (ALV-J) and chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) are widely acknowledged as significant immunosuppressive pathogens that commonly co-infect chickens, causing substantial economic losses in the poultry industry. However, whether co-infection of ALV-J and CIAV have synergistic pathogenicity remains uncertain. To explore their synergistic pathogenesis, we established a co-infection model of ALV-J and CIAV in HD11 cells and specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. We discovered that ALV-J and CIAV can synergistically promote the secretion of IL-6, IL-10, IFN-α, and IFN-γ and apoptosis in HD11 cells. In vivo, compared to the ALV-J and CIAV mono-infected group, the mortality increased significantly by 27% (20 to 47%) and 14% (33 to 47%) in the co-infected group, respectively. We also discovered that ALV-J and CIAV synergistically inhibited weight gain and exhibited more severe organ damage in co-infected chickens. Furthermore, we found that CIAV can promote the replication of ALV-J in HD11 cells and significantly enhance ALV-J viral load in blood and tissues of co-infected chickens, but ALV-J cannot promote the replication of CIAV. Moreover, by measuring the immune organ indexes and proportions of blood CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes, more serious instances of immunosuppression were observed in ALV-J and CIAV co-infected chickens than in mono-infected chickens. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that ALV-J and CIAV synergistically enhance pathogenicity and immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.X.); (W.L.); (Y.N.); (S.C.); (H.L.); (X.Z.)
- South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenxue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.X.); (W.L.); (Y.N.); (S.C.); (H.L.); (X.Z.)
- South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yu Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.X.); (W.L.); (Y.N.); (S.C.); (H.L.); (X.Z.)
- South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.X.); (W.L.); (Y.N.); (S.C.); (H.L.); (X.Z.)
- South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hongxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.X.); (W.L.); (Y.N.); (S.C.); (H.L.); (X.Z.)
- South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Heyuan 517001, China
| | - Xinheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.X.); (W.L.); (Y.N.); (S.C.); (H.L.); (X.Z.)
- South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Heyuan 517001, China
| | - Qingmei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.X.); (W.L.); (Y.N.); (S.C.); (H.L.); (X.Z.)
- South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Heyuan 517001, China
| | - Weiguo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.X.); (W.L.); (Y.N.); (S.C.); (H.L.); (X.Z.)
- South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Heyuan 517001, China
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Elshafei SO, Mahmoud NA, Almofti YA. Immunoinformatics, molecular docking and dynamics simulation approaches unveil a multi epitope-based potent peptide vaccine candidate against avian leukosis virus. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2870. [PMID: 38311642 PMCID: PMC10838928 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53048-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Lymphoid leukosis is a poultry neoplastic disease caused by avian leukosis virus (ALV) and is characterized by high morbidity and variable mortality rates in chicks. Currently, no effective treatment and vaccination is the only means to control it. This study exploited the immunoinformatics approaches to construct multi-epitope vaccine against ALV. ABCpred and IEDB servers were used to predict B and T lymphocytes epitopes from the viral proteins, respectively. Antigenicity, allergenicity and toxicity of the epitopes were assessed and used to construct the vaccine with suitable adjuvant and linkers. Secondary and tertiary structures of the vaccine were predicted, refined and validated. Structural errors, solubility, stability, immune simulation, dynamic simulation, docking and in silico cloning were also evaluated.The constructed vaccine was hydrophilic, antigenic and non-allergenic. Ramchandran plot showed most of the residues in the favored and additional allowed regions. ProsA server showed no errors in the vaccine structure. Immune simulation showed significant immunoglobulins and cytokines levels. Stability was enhanced by disulfide engineering and molecular dynamic simulation. Docking of the vaccine with chicken's TLR7 revealed competent binding energies.The vaccine was cloned in pET-30a(+) vector and efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli. This study provided a potent peptide vaccine that could assist in tailoring a rapid and cost-effective vaccine that helps to combat ALV. However, experimental validation is required to assess the vaccine efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siham O Elshafei
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, National University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Nuha A Mahmoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, National University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Yassir A Almofti
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bahri, P.O. Box 1660, Khartoum, Sudan.
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Han S, Zhao S, Zhao Y, Liu M, Han L, Han L. The novel lncRNA-9802/miR-1646 axis affects cell proliferation of DF-1 by regulating Bax/Bcl-2 signaling pathway. Res Vet Sci 2023; 164:105047. [PMID: 37837750 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Marek's disease (MD) is a severe infectious and immunosuppressive neoplastic condition that significantly impacts the global poultry industry. Investigating the role of non-coding RNA in pathogenic mechanisms of MD virus (MDV) offers valuable insights for the effective prevention and management of MD. A higher expression of the novel lncRNA-9802 can be found in spleen tissues of MDV-infected chickens from our prior research, and there is a potential association between lncRNA-9802 and cell proliferation. In this study, we further demonstrated that over-expression of lncRNA-9802 could promote the proliferation of DF-1 cells. It has been established that lncRNA-9802 mediated its effects by binding to miR-1646, and further modulated the expression of the Bax and Bcl-2 genes. Deciphering the role of the recently discovered MD-associated lncRNA-9802/miR-1646 axis provides valuable theoretical basis for decoding the molecular mechanisms underlying MDV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Han
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Yaolu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Mingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Liping Han
- Department of Bioscience, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China.
| | - Limei Han
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
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Dou J, Wang Z, Li L, Lu Q, Jin X, Ling X, Cheng Z, Zhang T, Shao H, Zhai X, Luo Q. A Multiplex Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Rapid Differential Detection of Subgroups A, B, J, and K Avian Leukosis Viruses. Viruses 2023; 15:1789. [PMID: 37766196 PMCID: PMC10535029 DOI: 10.3390/v15091789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian leukosis (AL), caused by avian leukosis virus (ALV), is a contagious tumor disease that results in significant economic losses for the poultry industry. Currently, ALV-A, B, J, and K subgroups are the most common in commercial poultry and cause possible coinfections. Therefore, close monitoring is necessary to avoid greater economic losses. In this study, a novel multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay was developed to detect ALV-A, ALV-B, ALV-J, and ALV-K with limits of detection of 40, 11, 13.7, and 96 copies/µL, respectively, and no cross-reactivity with other ALV subtypes and avian pathogens. We detected 852 cell cultures inoculated with clinical samples using this method, showing good consistency with conventional PCR and ELISA. The most prevalent ALV strain in Hubei Province, China, was still ALV-J (11.74%). Although single infections with ALV-A, ALV-B, and ALV-K were not found, coinfections with different subgroup strains were identified: 0.7% for ALV-A/J, 0.35% for ALV-B/J, 0.25% for ALV-J/K, and 0.12% for ALV-A/B/K and ALV-A/B/J. Therefore, our novel multiplex qPCR may be a useful tool for molecular epidemiology, clinical detection of ALV, and ALV eradication programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Dou
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Special One, Nanhuyaoyuan, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China; (J.D.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (X.J.); (X.L.); (H.S.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430064, China
- Department of Animal Medicine, College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China
| | - Zui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Special One, Nanhuyaoyuan, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China; (J.D.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (X.J.); (X.L.); (H.S.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Special One, Nanhuyaoyuan, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China; (J.D.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (X.J.); (X.L.); (H.S.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Qin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Special One, Nanhuyaoyuan, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China; (J.D.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (X.J.); (X.L.); (H.S.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Xinxin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Special One, Nanhuyaoyuan, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China; (J.D.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (X.J.); (X.L.); (H.S.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Xiaochun Ling
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Special One, Nanhuyaoyuan, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China; (J.D.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (X.J.); (X.L.); (H.S.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Zhengyu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Special One, Nanhuyaoyuan, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China; (J.D.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (X.J.); (X.L.); (H.S.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430064, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Tengfei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Special One, Nanhuyaoyuan, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China; (J.D.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (X.J.); (X.L.); (H.S.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Huabin Shao
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Special One, Nanhuyaoyuan, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China; (J.D.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (X.J.); (X.L.); (H.S.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Xinguo Zhai
- Department of Animal Medicine, College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China
| | - Qingping Luo
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Special One, Nanhuyaoyuan, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430064, China; (J.D.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (X.J.); (X.L.); (H.S.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430064, China
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9
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Fandiño S, Gomez-Lucia E, Benítez L, Doménech A. Avian Leukosis: Will We Be Able to Get Rid of It? Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2358. [PMID: 37508135 PMCID: PMC10376345 DOI: 10.3390/ani13142358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian leukosis viruses (ALVs) have been virtually eradicated from commercial poultry. However, some niches remain as pockets from which this group of viruses may reemerge and induce economic losses. Such is the case of fancy, hobby, backyard chickens and indigenous or native breeds, which are not as strictly inspected as commercial poultry and which have been found to harbor ALVs. In addition, the genome of both poultry and of several gamebird species contain endogenous retroviral sequences. Circumstances that support keeping up surveillance include the detection of several ALV natural recombinants between exogenous and endogenous ALV-related sequences which, combined with the well-known ability of retroviruses to mutate, facilitate the emergence of escape mutants. The subgroup most prevalent nowadays, ALV-J, has emerged as a multi-recombinant which uses a different receptor from the previously known subgroups, greatly increasing its cell tropism and pathogenicity and making it more transmissible. In this review we describe the ALVs, their different subgroups and which receptor they use to infect the cell, their routes of transmission and their presence in different bird collectivities, and the immune response against them. We analyze the different systems to control them, from vaccination to the progress made editing the bird genome to generate mutated ALV receptors or selecting certain haplotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Fandiño
- Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), C. de José Antonio Novais 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group, "Animal Viruses" of Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esperanza Gomez-Lucia
- Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group, "Animal Viruses" of Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Benítez
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), C. de José Antonio Novais 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group, "Animal Viruses" of Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Doménech
- Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group, "Animal Viruses" of Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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10
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Liu JL, Teng M, Zheng LP, Zhu FX, Ma SX, Li LY, Zhang ZH, Chai SJ, Yao Y, Luo J. Emerging Hypervirulent Marek's Disease Virus Variants Significantly Overcome Protection Conferred by Commercial Vaccines. Viruses 2023; 15:1434. [PMID: 37515122 PMCID: PMC10385823 DOI: 10.3390/v15071434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most important avian immunosuppressive and neoplastic diseases, Marek's disease (MD), caused by oncogenic Marek's disease virus (MDV), has caused huge economic losses worldwide over the past five decades. In recent years, MD outbreaks have occurred frequently in MD-vaccinated chicken flocks, but the key pathogenic determinants and influencing factors remain unclear. Herein, we analyzed the pathogenicity of seven newly isolated MDV strains from tumor-bearing chickens in China and found that all of them were pathogenic to chicken hosts, among which four MDV isolates, SDCW01, HNXZ05, HNSQ05 and HNSQ01, were considered to be hypervirulent MDV (HV-MDV) strains. At 73 days of the virus infection experiment, the cumulative incidences of MD were 100%, 93.3%, 90% and 100%, with mortalities of 83.3%, 73.3%, 60% and 86.7%, respectively, for the four viruses. The gross occurrences of tumors were 50%, 33.3%, 30% and 63.3%, respectively, accompanied by significant hepatosplenomegaly and serious atrophy of the immune organs. Furthermore, the immune protection effects of four commercial MD vaccines against SDCW01, CVI988, HVT, CVI988+HVT, and 814 were explored. Unexpectedly, during the 67 days of post-virus challenge, the protection indices (PIs) of these four MD vaccines were only 46.2%, 38.5%, 50%, and 28%, respectively, and the birds that received the monovalent CVI988 or HVT still developed tumors with cumulative incidences of 7.7% and 11.5%, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the simultaneous comparison of the immune protection efficacy of multiple commercial MD vaccines with different vaccine strains. Our study revealed that the HV-MDV variants circulating in China could significantly break through the immune protection of the classical MD vaccines currently widely used. For future work, there is an urgent need to develop novel, more effective MD vaccines for tackling the new challenge of emerging HV-MDV strains or variants for the sustainable control of MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China & Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Man Teng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China & Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Lu-Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China & Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Feng-Xia Zhu
- Zhumadian Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Shu-Xue Ma
- Suiping Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Zhumadian 463100, China
| | - Lin-Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China & Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China & Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Shu-Jun Chai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China & Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yongxiu Yao
- The Pirbright Institute & UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Pirbright, Ash Road, Guildford GU24 0NF, Surrey, UK
| | - Jun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China & Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
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11
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Teng M, Liu JL, Luo Q, Zheng LP, Yao Y, Nair V, Zhang GP, Luo J. Efficient Cross-Screening and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies against Marek's Disease Specific Meq Oncoprotein Using CRISPR/Cas9-Gene-Edited Viruses. Viruses 2023; 15:v15040817. [PMID: 37112797 PMCID: PMC10142107 DOI: 10.3390/v15040817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Marek's disease (MD) caused by pathogenic Marek's disease virus type 1 (MDV-1) is one of the most important neoplastic diseases of poultry. MDV-1-encoded unique Meq protein is the major oncoprotein and the availability of Meq-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is crucial for revealing MDV pathogenesis/oncogenesis. Using synthesized polypeptides from conserved hydrophilic regions of the Meq protein as immunogens, together with hybridoma technology and primary screening by cross immunofluorescence assay (IFA) on Meq-deleted MDV-1 viruses generated by CRISPR/Cas9-gene editing, a total of five positive hybridomas were generated. Four of these hybridomas, namely 2A9, 5A7, 7F9 and 8G11, were further confirmed to secrete specific antibodies against Meq as confirmed by the IFA staining of 293T cells overexpressing Meq. Confocal microscopic analysis of cells stained with these antibodies confirmed the nuclear localization of Meq in MDV-infected CEF cells and MDV-transformed MSB-1 cells. Furthermore, two mAb hybridoma clones, 2A9-B12 and 8G11-B2 derived from 2A9 and 8G11, respectively, displayed high specificity for Meq proteins of MDV-1 strains with diverse virulence. Our data presented here, using synthesized polypeptide immunization combined with cross IFA staining on CRISPR/Cas9 gene-edited viruses, has provided a new efficient approach for future generation of specific mAbs against viral proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Teng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China and Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Jin-Ling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China and Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Qin Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China and Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Lu-Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China and Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yongxiu Yao
- The Pirbright Institute & UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Pirbright, Ash Road, Guildford GU24 0NF, UK
| | - Venugopal Nair
- The Pirbright Institute & UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Pirbright, Ash Road, Guildford GU24 0NF, UK
| | - Gai-Ping Zhang
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China and Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
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12
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Teng M, Zhu ZJ, Yao Y, Nair V, Zhang GP, Luo J. Critical roles of non-coding RNAs in lifecycle and biology of Marek's disease herpesvirus. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:251-268. [PMID: 36617590 PMCID: PMC9838510 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2258-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, numerous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been identified in different biological systems including virology, especially in large DNA viruses such as herpesviruses. As a representative oncogenic alphaherpesvirus, Marek's disease virus (MDV) causes an important immunosuppressive and rapid-onset neoplastic disease of poultry, namely Marek's disease (MD). Vaccinations can efficiently prevent the onset of MD lymphomas and other clinical disease, often heralded as the first successful example of vaccination-based control of cancer. MDV infection is also an excellent model for research into virally-induced tumorigenesis. Recently, great progress has been made in understanding the functions of ncRNAs in MD biology. Herein, we give a review of the discovery and identification of MDV-encoded viral miRNAs, focusing on the genomics, expression profiles, and emerging critical roles of MDV-1 miRNAs as oncogenic miRNAs (oncomiRs) or tumor suppressor genes involved in the induction of MD lymphomas. We also described the involvements of host cellular miRNAs, lincRNAs, and circRNAs participating in MDV life cycle, pathogenesis, and/or tumorigenesis. The prospects, strategies, and new techniques such as the CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing applicable for further investigation into the ncRNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms in MDV pathogenesis/oncogenesis were also discussed, together with the possibilities of future studies on antiviral therapy and the development of new efficient MD vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Teng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China & Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Zhu
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China
| | - Yongxiu Yao
- The Pirbright Institute & UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Pirbright, Ash Road, Guildford, Surrey, GU24 0NF, UK
| | - Venugopal Nair
- The Pirbright Institute & UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Pirbright, Ash Road, Guildford, Surrey, GU24 0NF, UK
| | - Gai-Ping Zhang
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China & Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Public Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China.
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