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Feng K, Bendiwhobel Ushie B, Zhang H, Li S, Deng F, Wang H, Ning YJ. Pathogenesis and virulence of Heartland virus. Virulence 2024; 15:2348252. [PMID: 38712703 PMCID: PMC11085952 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2348252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Heartland virus (HRTV), an emerging tick-borne pathogenic bunyavirus, has been a concern since 2012, with an increasing incidence, expanding geographical distribution, and high pathogenicity in the United States. Infection from HRTV results in fever, thrombocytopenia, and leucopenia in humans, and in some cases, symptoms can progress to severe outcomes, including haemorrhagic disease, multi-organ failure, and even death. Currently, no vaccines or antiviral drugs are available for treatment of the HRTV disease. Moreover, little is known about HRTV-host interactions, viral replication mechanisms, pathogenesis and virulence, further hampering the development of vaccines and antiviral interventions. Here, we aimed to provide a brief review of HRTV epidemiology, molecular biology, pathogenesis and virulence on the basis of published article data to better understand this virus and provide clues for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Feng
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Benjamin Bendiwhobel Ushie
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Women & Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hualin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun-Jia Ning
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Hu X, Wu W, Zhi S, Xu W, Zhang Y, Li L, Tao Y, Duan G, Liao C, Wang L, Li L, Li Z, Li W. The first diagnosis of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome caused by tick-borne Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome virus in Chongqing, China: A case report and literature review. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 109:116350. [PMID: 38761614 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV) which has the potential to become a pandemic and is currently a major public health concern. CASE PRESENTATION We present the case of a 74-year-old female from an urban area of Chongqing, with leukocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, organ function, inflammatory, blood coagulation, and immune abnormalities. SFTSV infection was confirmed through molecular detection and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) analysis, indicating a diagnosis of SFTS due to the patient's history of tick bites. The patient received symptomatic and supportive therapy, including antibiotics, antiviral treatment, and antifungal therapy, and finally discharged from the hospital on day 18. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the need for increased awareness, early diagnosis, and prompt treatment for tick-borne SFTS. It also provides a comprehensive understanding of the disease's characteristics, pathogenesis, detection methods, and available treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiefei Hu
- Medicine School of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Wenyan Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Shenshen Zhi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Yang Tao
- Intensive Care Unit, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Duan
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Microbiological Testing Institute, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Chunyan Liao
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Microbiological Testing Institute, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Microbiological Testing Institute, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Lingyi Li
- Department of Medical, Hangzhou Matridx Biotechnology Co., Ltd., No.2073 Jinchang road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhifeng Li
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Microbiological Testing Institute, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China.
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Jia Y, Li F, Liu Z, Liu S, Huang M, Gao X, Su X, Wang Z, Wang T. Interaction between the SFTSV envelope glycoprotein Gn and STING inhibits the formation of the STING-TBK1 complex and suppresses the NF-κB signaling pathway. J Virol 2024; 98:e0181523. [PMID: 38421179 PMCID: PMC10949458 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01815-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is an emerging tick-borne bunyavirus with high pathogenicity. There has been a gradual increase in the number of reported cases in recent years, with high morbidity and mortality rates. The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway plays an important role in the innate immune defense activated by viral infection; however, the role of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway during SFTSV infection is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the relationship between SFTSV infection and cGAS-STING signaling. We found that SFTSV infection caused the release of mitochondrial DNA into the cytoplasm and inhibits downstream innate immune signaling pathways by activating the cytoplasmic DNA receptor cGAS. We found that the SFTSV envelope glycoprotein Gn was a potent inhibitor of the cGAS-STING pathway and blocked the nuclear accumulation of interferon regulatory factor 3 and p65 to inhibit downstream innate immune signaling. Gn of SFTSV interacted with STING to inhibit STING dimerization and inhibited K27-ubiquitin modification of STING to disrupt the assembly of the STING-TANK-binding kinase 1 complex and downstream signaling. In addition, Gn was found to be involved in inducing STING degradation, further inhibiting the downstream immune response. In conclusion, this study identified the important role of the glycoprotein Gn in the antiviral innate immune response and revealed a novel mechanism of immune escape for SFTSV. Moreover, this study increases the understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of SFTSV and provides new insights for further treatment of SFTS. IMPORTANCE Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a newly discovered virus associated with severe hemorrhagic fever in humans. However, the role of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway during SFTSV infection is still unclear. We found that SFTSV infection inhibits downstream innate immune signaling pathways by activating the cytoplasmic DNA receptor cGAS. In addition, SFTSV Gn blocked the nuclear accumulation of interferon regulatory factor 3 and p65 to inhibit downstream innate immune signaling. Moreover, we determined that Gn of SFTSV inhibited K27-ubiquitin modification of STING to disrupt the assembly of the STING-TANK-binding kinase 1 complex and downstream signaling. We found that the SFTSV envelope glycoprotein Gn is a potent inhibitor of the cGAS-STING pathway. In conclusion, this study highlights the crucial function of the glycoprotein Gn in the antiviral innate immune response and reveals a new method of immune escape of SFTSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupei Jia
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Feifei Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zixiang Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sihua Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengqian Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoning Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Su
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiyun Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Shimoyama T, Oba M, Takemae H, Omatsu T, Tani H, Mizutani T. Potent immunogenicity and neutralization of recombinant adeno-associated virus expressing the glycoprotein of severe fever with thrombocytopenia virus. J Vet Med Sci 2024; 86:228-238. [PMID: 38143087 PMCID: PMC10898983 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an infectious disease caused by a tick-borne virus called severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). In recent years, human infections through contact with ticks and through contact with the bodily fluids of infected dogs and cats have been reported; however, no vaccine is currently available. SFTSV has two glycoproteins (Gn and Gc) on its envelope, which are vaccine-target antigens involved in immunogenicity. In the present study, we constructed novel SFTS vaccine candidates using an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector to transport the SFTSV glycoprotein genome. AAV vectors are widely used in gene therapy and their safety has been confirmed in clinical trials. Recently, AAV vectors have been used to develop influenza and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Two types of vaccines (AAV9-SFTSV Gn and AAV9-SFTSV Gc) carrying SFTSV Gn and Gc genes were produced. The expression of Gn and Gc proteins in HEK293T cells was confirmed by infection with vaccines. These vaccines were inoculated into mice, and the collected sera produced anti-SFTS antibodies. Furthermore, sera from AAV9-SFTSV Gn infected mice showed a potent neutralizing ability, similar to previously reported SFTS vaccine candidates that protected animals from SFTSV infection. These findings suggest that this vaccine is a promising candidate for a new SFTS vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Shimoyama
- Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Oba
- Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takemae
- Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Omatsu
- Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Tani
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizutani
- Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Gong C, Xiang X, Hong B, Shen T, Zhang M, Shen S, Ding S. ACCI could be a poor prognostic indicator for the in-hospital mortality of patients with SFTS. Epidemiol Infect 2023; 151:e203. [PMID: 38053350 PMCID: PMC10753457 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268823001930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the predictive role of age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI) scores for in-hospital prognosis of severe fever in thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) patients. A total of 192 patients diagnosed with SFTS were selected as the study subjects. Clinical data were retrospectively collected. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic value of ACCI for the mortality of SFTS patients, and Cox regression models were used to assess the association between predictive factors and prognosis. The 192 SFTS patients were divided into two groups according to the clinical endpoints (survivors/non-survivors). The results showed that the mortality of the 192 hospitalized SFTS patients was 26.6%. The ACCI score of the survivor group was significantly lower than that of the non-survivor group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the increased ACCI score was a significant predictor of poor prognosis in SFTS. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that SFTS patients with an ACCI >2.5 had shorter mean survival times, indicating a poor prognosis. Our findings suggest that ACCI, as an easy-to-use clinical indicator, may offer a simple and feasible approach for clinicians to determine the severity of SFTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinjian Xiang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Baoyu Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tingting Shen
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shichun Shen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shenggang Ding
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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