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Boissinot S, Ducousso M, Brault V, Drucker M. Bioluminescence Production by Turnip Yellows Virus Infectious Clones: A New Way to Monitor Plant Virus Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213685. [PMID: 36430165 PMCID: PMC9692398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We used the NanoLuc luciferase bioluminescent reporter system to detect turnip yellows virus (TuYV) in infected plants. For this, TuYV was genetically tagged by replacing the C-terminal part of the RT protein with full-length NanoLuc (TuYV-NL) or with the N-terminal domain of split NanoLuc (TuYV-N65-NL). Wild-type and recombinant viruses were agro-infiltrated in Nicotiana benthamiana, Montia perfoliata, and Arabidopsis thaliana. ELISA confirmed systemic infection and similar accumulation of the recombinant viruses in N. benthamiana and M. perfoliata but reduced systemic infection and lower accumulation in A. thaliana. RT-PCR analysis indicated that the recombinant sequences were stable in N. benthamiana and M. perfoliata but not in A. thaliana. Bioluminescence imaging detected TuYV-NL in inoculated and systemically infected leaves. For the detection of split NanoLuc, we constructed transgenic N. benthamiana plants expressing the C-terminal domain of split NanoLuc. Bioluminescence imaging of these plants after agro-infiltration with TuYV-N65-NL allowed the detection of the virus in systemically infected leaves. Taken together, our results show that NanoLuc luciferase can be used to monitor infection with TuYV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvaine Boissinot
- Santé de la Vigne et Qualiité du Vin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1131, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Centre Grand Est, Université Strasbourg, 68000 Colmar, France
| | - Marie Ducousso
- Plant Health Institute Montpellier, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, CIRAD, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34980 Montferrier sur Lez, France
| | - Véronique Brault
- Santé de la Vigne et Qualiité du Vin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1131, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Centre Grand Est, Université Strasbourg, 68000 Colmar, France
| | - Martin Drucker
- Santé de la Vigne et Qualiité du Vin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1131, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Centre Grand Est, Université Strasbourg, 68000 Colmar, France
- Correspondence:
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Virus Yellows and Syndrome "Basses Richesses" in Western Switzerland: A Dramatic 2020 Season Calls for Urgent Control Measures. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11080885. [PMID: 36015006 PMCID: PMC9414692 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11080885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Massive outbreaks of virus yellows (VY) and syndrome “basses richesses” (SBR) are thought to be responsible for the major loss of sugar beet yields in 2020 in western cantons of Switzerland. Typical yellowing symptoms were visible during field inspections, and control measures were reportedly ineffective or even absent. Both diseases induce yellowing but have distinct etiologies; while VY is caused by aphid-transmitted RNA viruses, SBR is caused by the cixiid-transmitted γ-proteobacterium Candidatus Arsenophonus phytopathogenicus. To clarify the situation, samples from diseased plants across the country were screened for the causal agents of VY and SBR at the end of the season. Beet yellows virus (BYV) and Beet chlorosis virus (BChV) showed high incidence nationwide, and were frequently found together in SBR-infected fields in the West. Beet mild yellowing virus (BMYV) was detected in two sites in the West, while there was no detection of Beet western yellows virus or Beet mosaic virus. The nucleotide diversity of the detected viruses was then investigated using classic and high-throughput sequencing. For both diseases, outbreaks were analyzed in light of monitoring of the respective vectors, and symptoms were reproduced in greenhouse conditions by means of insect-mediated inoculations. Novel quantification tools were designed for BYV, BChV and Ca. A. phytopathogenicus, leading to the identification of specific tissues tropism for these pathogens.
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A Simple Method for the Acquisition and Transmission of Brassica Yellows Virus from Transgenic Plants and Frozen Infected Leaves by Aphids. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091944. [PMID: 34579476 PMCID: PMC8471377 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Brassica yellows virus (BrYV) is a tentative species of the genus Polerovirus, which occurs widely, and mostly damages Brassicaceae plants in East Asia. Because BrYV cannot be transmitted mechanically, an insect-based transmission method is required for further virus research. Here, a reliable and unrestricted method is described, in which non-viruliferous aphids (Myzus persicae) acquired BrYV from transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana, harboring the full-length viral genome germinated from seeds and its frozen leaves. The aphids then transmitted the virus to healthy plants. There was no significant difference in acquisition rates between fresh and frozen infected leaves, although the transmission rate from frozen infected leaves was lower compared to fresh infected leaves. This simple novel method may be used to preserve viral inocula, evaluate host varietal resistance to BrYV, and investigate interactions among BrYV, aphids, and hosts.
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4
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Ryckebusch F, Peterschmitt M, Granier M, Sauvion N. Alfalfa leaf curl virus is efficiently acquired by its aphid vector Aphis craccivora but inefficiently transmitted. J Gen Virol 2021; 102:001516. [PMID: 33210990 PMCID: PMC8116941 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alfalfa leaf curl virus (ALCV) is the first geminivirus for which aphid transmission was reported. Transmission by Aphis craccivora was determined previously to be highly specific and circulative. Using various complementary techniques, the transmission journey of ALCV was monitored from its uptake from infected plant tissues up to the head of its vector. ALCV was shown to be restricted to phloem tissues using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and electropenetrography (EPG) monitoring of virus acquisition. Furthermore, the virus is heterogeneously distributed in phloem tissues, as revealed by FISH and quantitative PCR of viral DNA acquired by EPG-monitored aphids. Despite the efficient ingestion of viral DNA, about 106 viral DNA copies per insect in a 15 h feeding period on ALCV-infected plants, the individual maximum transmission rate was 12 %. Transmission success was related to a critical viral accumulation, around 1.6×107 viral DNA copies per insect, a threshold that generally needed more than 48 h to be reached. Moreover, whereas the amount of acquired virus did not decrease over time in the whole aphid body, it declined in the haemolymph and heads. ALCV was not detected in progenies of viruliferous aphids and did not affect aphid fitness. Compared to geminiviruses transmitted by whiteflies or leafhoppers, or to luteoviruses transmitted by aphids, the transmission efficiency of ALCV by A. craccivora is low. This result is discussed in relation to the aphid vector of this geminivirus and the agroecological features of alfalfa, a hardy perennial host plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faustine Ryckebusch
- CIRAD, UMR BGPI, Montpellier, France
- BGPI, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
- Global Health Institute, School of Life Science, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Peterschmitt
- CIRAD, UMR BGPI, Montpellier, France
- BGPI, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Martine Granier
- CIRAD, UMR BGPI, Montpellier, France
- BGPI, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Sauvion
- BGPI, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
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Devers EA, Brosnan CA, Sarazin A, Albertini D, Amsler AC, Brioudes F, Jullien PE, Lim P, Schott G, Voinnet O. Movement and differential consumption of short interfering RNA duplexes underlie mobile RNA interference. NATURE PLANTS 2020; 6:789-799. [PMID: 32632272 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-0687-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In RNA interference (RNAi), the RNase III Dicer processes long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into short interfering RNA (siRNA), which, when loaded into ARGONAUTE (AGO) family proteins, execute gene silencing1. Remarkably, RNAi can act non-cell autonomously2,3: it is graft transmissible4-7, and plasmodesmata-associated proteins modulate its cell-to-cell spread8,9. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanisms involved remain ill defined, probably reflecting a disparity of experimental settings. Among other caveats, these almost invariably cause artificially enhanced movement via transitivity, whereby primary RNAi-target transcripts are converted into further dsRNA sources of secondary siRNA5,10,11. Whether siRNA mobility naturally requires transitivity and whether it entails the same or distinct signals for cell-to-cell versus long-distance movement remains unclear, as does the identity of the mobile signalling molecules themselves. Movement of long single-stranded RNA, dsRNA, free/AGO-bound secondary siRNA or primary siRNA have all been advocated12-15; however, an entity necessary and sufficient for all known manifestations of plant mobile RNAi remains to be ascertained. Here, we show that the same primary RNAi signal endows both vasculature-to-epidermis and long-distance silencing movement from three distinct RNAi sources. The mobile entities are AGO-free primary siRNA duplexes spreading length and sequence independently. However, their movement is accompanied by selective siRNA depletion reflecting the AGO repertoires of traversed cell types. Coupling movement with this AGO-mediated consumption process creates qualitatively distinct silencing territories, potentially enabling unlimited spatial gene regulation patterns well beyond those granted by mere gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher A Brosnan
- Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Pauline E Jullien
- Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peiqi Lim
- Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- QIAGEN Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Di Mattia J, Ryckebusch F, Vernerey MS, Pirolles E, Sauvion N, Peterschmitt M, Zeddam JL, Blanc S. Co-Acquired Nanovirus and Geminivirus Exhibit a Contrasted Localization within Their Common Aphid Vector. Viruses 2020; 12:E299. [PMID: 32164363 PMCID: PMC7150979 DOI: 10.3390/v12030299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) plant viruses belong to the families Geminiviridae and Nanoviridae. They are transmitted by Hemipteran insects in a circulative, mostly non-propagative, manner. While geminiviruses are transmitted by leafhoppers, treehoppers, whiteflies and aphids, nanoviruses are transmitted exclusively by aphids. Circulative transmission involves complex virus-vector interactions in which epithelial cells have to be crossed and defense mechanisms counteracted. Vector taxa are considered a relevant taxonomic criterion for virus classification, indicating that viruses can evolve specific interactions with their vectors. Thus, we predicted that, although nanoviruses and geminiviruses represent related viral families, they have evolved distinct interactions with their vector. This prediction is also supported by the non-structural Nuclear Shuttle Protein (NSP) that is involved in vector transmission in nanoviruses but has no similar function in geminiviruses. Thanks to the recent discovery of aphid-transmitted geminiviruses, this prediction could be tested for the geminivirus alfalfa leaf curl virus (ALCV) and the nanovirus faba bean necrotic stunt virus (FBNSV) in their common vector, Aphis craccivora. Estimations of viral load in midgut and head of aphids, precise localization of viral DNA in cells of insect vectors and host plants, and virus transmission tests revealed that the pathway of the two viruses across the body of their common vector differs both quantitatively and qualitatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Di Mattia
- UMR BGPI, Univ. Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Faustine Ryckebusch
- UMR BGPI, Univ. Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Elodie Pirolles
- UMR BGPI, Univ. Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Sauvion
- UMR BGPI, Univ. Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Michel Peterschmitt
- UMR BGPI, Univ. Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Louis Zeddam
- UMR BGPI, Univ. Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, 34398 Montpellier, France
- UMR IPME, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphane Blanc
- UMR BGPI, Univ. Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, 34398 Montpellier, France
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Targeted disruption of aphid transmission: a vision for the management of crop diseases caused by Luteoviridae members. Curr Opin Virol 2018; 33:24-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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8
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Xu Y, Da Silva WL, Qian Y, Gray SM. An aromatic amino acid and associated helix in the C-terminus of the potato leafroll virus minor capsid protein regulate systemic infection and symptom expression. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007451. [PMID: 30440046 PMCID: PMC6264904 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The C-terminal region of the minor structural protein of potato leafroll virus (PLRV), known as the readthrough protein (RTP), is involved in efficient virus movement, tissue tropism and symptom development. Analysis of numerous C-terminal deletions identified a five-amino acid motif that is required for RTP function. A PLRV mutant expressing RTP with these five amino acids deleted (Δ5aa-RTP) was compromised in systemic infection and symptom expression. Although the Δ5aa-RTP mutant was able to move long distance, limited infection foci were observed in systemically infected leaves suggesting that these five amino acids regulate virus phloem loading in the inoculated leaves and/or unloading into the systemically infected tissues. The 5aa deletion did not alter the efficiency of RTP translation, nor impair RTP self-interaction or its interaction with P17, the virus movement protein. However, the deletion did alter the subcellular localization of RTP. When co-expressed with a PLRV infectious clone, a GFP tagged wild-type RTP was localized to discontinuous punctate spots along the cell periphery and was associated with plasmodesmata, although localization was dependent upon the developmental stage of the plant tissue. In contrast, the Δ5aa-RTP-GFP aggregated in the cytoplasm. Structural modeling indicated that the 5aa deletion would be expected to perturb an α-helix motif. Two of 30 plants infected with Δ5aa-RTP developed a wild-type virus infection phenotype ten weeks post-inoculation. Analysis of the virus population in these plants by deep sequencing identified a duplication of sequences adjacent to the deletion that were predicted to restore the α-helix motif. The subcellular distribution of the RTP is regulated by the 5-aa motif which is under strong selection pressure and in turn contributes to the efficient long distance movement of the virus and the induction of systemic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrated Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Washington Luis Da Silva
- Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrated Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Yajuan Qian
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Stewart M. Gray
- Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrated Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
- Emerging Pest and Pathogens Research Unit, USDA, ARS, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
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Bortolamiol-Bécet D, Monsion B, Chapuis S, Hleibieh K, Scheidecker D, Alioua A, Bogaert F, Revers F, Brault V, Ziegler-Graff V. Phloem-Triggered Virus-Induced Gene Silencing Using a Recombinant Polerovirus. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2449. [PMID: 30405546 PMCID: PMC6206295 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The phloem-limited poleroviruses infect Arabidopsis thaliana without causing noticeable disease symptoms. In order to facilitate visual infection identification, we developed virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) vectors derived from Turnip yellows virus (TuYV). Short sequences from the host gene AtCHLI1 required for chlorophyll biosynthesis [42 nucleotides in sense or antisense orientation or as an inverted-repeat (IR), or an 81 nucleotide sense fragment] were inserted into the 3' non-coding region of the TuYV genome to screen for the most efficient and robust silencing vector. All recombinant viruses produced a clear vein chlorosis phenotype on infected Arabidopsis plants due to the expression inhibition of the AtCHLI1 gene. The introduction of a sense-oriented sequence into TuYV genome resulted in a virus exhibiting a more sustainable chlorosis than the virus containing an IR of the same length. This observation was correlated with a higher stability of the sense sequence insertion in the viral genome. In order to evaluate the impact of the TuYV silencing suppressor P0 in the VIGS mechanism a P0 knock-out mutation was introduced into the recombinant TuYV viruses. They induced a similar but milder vein clearing phenotype due to lower viral accumulation. This indicates that P0 does not hinder the performances of the TuYV silencing effect and confirms that in the viral infection context, P0 has no major impact on the production, propagation and action of the short distance silencing signal in phloem cells. Finally, we showed that TuYV can be used to strongly silence the phloem specific AtRTM1 gene. The TuYV-derived VIGS vectors therefore represent powerful tools to easily detect and monitor TuYV in infected plants and conduct functional analysis of phloem-restricted genes. Moreover this example indicates the potential of poleroviruses for use in functional genomic studies of agronomic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Bortolamiol-Bécet
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes, CNRS-UPR 2357, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire CNRS-UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Baptiste Monsion
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes, CNRS-UPR 2357, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,UMR1161 Virologie, INRA, ANSES, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Sophie Chapuis
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes, CNRS-UPR 2357, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Kamal Hleibieh
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes, CNRS-UPR 2357, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Danièle Scheidecker
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes, CNRS-UPR 2357, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Abdelmalek Alioua
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes, CNRS-UPR 2357, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Florent Bogaert
- SVQV, INRA UMR 1131, Université de Strasbourg, Colmar, France
| | - Frédéric Revers
- BFP, INRA UMR 1332, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France.,BIOGECO, INRA UMR 1202, Univ. Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | | | - Véronique Ziegler-Graff
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes, CNRS-UPR 2357, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Wetzel V, Brault V, Varrelmann M. Production of a Beet chlorosis virus full-length cDNA clone by means of Gibson assembly and analysis of biological properties. J Gen Virol 2018; 99:1522-1527. [PMID: 30215595 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Beet chlorosis virus (genus Polerovirus, family Luteoviridae), which is persistently transmitted by the aphid Myzus persicae, is part of virus yellows in sugar beet and causes interveinal yellowing as well as significant yield loss in Beta vulgaris. To allow reverse genetic studies and replace vector transmission, an infectious cDNA clone under cauliflower mosaic virus 35S control in a binary vector for agrobacterium-mediated infection was constructed using Gibson assembly. Following agroinoculation, the BChV full-length clone was able to induce a systemic infection of the cultivated B. vulgaris. The engineered virus was successfully aphid-transmitted when acquired from infected B. vulgaris and displayed the same host plant spectrum as wild-type virus. This new polerovirus infectious clone is a valuable tool to identify the viral determinants involved in host range and study BChV protein function, and can be used to screen sugar beet for BChV resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Wetzel
- 1Department of Phytopathology, Institute of Sugar Beet Research, 37079 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Véronique Brault
- 2SVQV, Université de Strasbourg, INRA, Equipe Virologie Vection, 28 Rue de Herrlisheim, 68000 Colmar, France
| | - Mark Varrelmann
- 1Department of Phytopathology, Institute of Sugar Beet Research, 37079 Göttingen, Germany
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11
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Qiao W, Falk BW. Efficient Protein Expression and Virus-Induced Gene Silencing in Plants Using a Crinivirus-Derived Vector. Viruses 2018; 10:E216. [PMID: 29695039 PMCID: PMC5977209 DOI: 10.3390/v10050216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant virus-based vectors are valuable tools for recombinant gene expression and functional genomics for both basic and applied research. In this study, Lettuce infectious yellows virus (LIYV) of the genus Crinivirus was engineered into a virus vector that is applicable for efficient protein expression and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in plants. We examined gene replacement and “add a gene” strategies to develop LIYV-derived vectors for transient expression of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter in Nicotiana benthamiana plants. The latter yielded higher GFP expression and was further examined by testing the effects of heterologous controller elements (CEs). A series of five vector constructs with progressively extended LIYV CP sgRNA CEs were tested, the longest CE gave the highest GFP expression but lower virus accumulation. The whitefly transmissibility of the optimized vector construct to other host plants, and the capability to accommodate and express a larger gene, a 1.8 kb β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene, were confirmed. Furthermore, the LIYV vector was also validated VIGS by silencing the endogenous gene, phytoene desaturase (PDS) in N. benthamiana plants, and the transgene GFP in N. benthamiana line 16c plants. Therefore, LIYV-derived vectors could provide a technical reference for developing vectors of other economically important criniviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Qiao
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, 95616 CA, USA.
| | - Bryce W Falk
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, 95616 CA, USA.
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