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Rimal RN, Ganjoo R, Jamison A, Parida M, Tharmarajah S. Social norms, vaccine confidence, and interpersonal communication as predictors of vaccination intentions: Findings from slum areas in Varanasi, India. Vaccine 2024:S0264-410X(24)00666-2. [PMID: 38909001 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, India has seen significant improvements in childhood immunization, but rates among the urban poor remain stagnant. Disruptions during COVID-19 pandemic have created further challenges. This paper focuses on how social norms, vaccine confidence, and interpersonal communication independently and jointly affect vaccine intentions among caregivers of infants living in six slum areas in Varanasi, India. Data for this study come from the baseline assessments conducted before implementing the Happy Baby Program, an intervention to improve vaccination attitudes and intentions. In-person interviews (N = 2,058) were conducted with caretakers of children up to two years old. Analyses showed that interpersonal communication about vaccines, descriptive norms, injunctive norms, and vaccine confidence were each associated with intentions to vaccinate in both a bivariate and, except for injunctive norms, a multivariate model. In addition, we found significant interactions among these variables, suggesting that the roles of interpersonal communication and vaccine confidence attenuated the relationship between social norms and vaccination intention. Overall, our model explained 46.2 % of the variance in vaccine intention. Given the strengths of the relationships observed in this study, intervention strategies should focus on enhancing social norms and vaccine confidence to promote vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv N Rimal
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | | | - Amelia Jamison
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Manoj Parida
- Development Corner (DCOR), Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India
| | - Saraniya Tharmarajah
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Yadav RM, Gomare M, Gaikwad A, Waghmare U, Betodkar U, Vashi MD, Kamal VK, Thangaraj JWV, Bangar S, Bhatnagar T, Murhekar M. Interplay of missed opportunity for vaccination and poor response to the vaccine led to measles outbreak in a slum area of Eastern Mumbai, India. Epidemiol Infect 2024; 152:e56. [PMID: 38497493 PMCID: PMC11022250 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268824000426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In the third week of September 2022, an outbreak of measles was reported from a slum in Eastern Mumbai, India. We sought to investigate whether failure to vaccinate or vaccine failure was the cause. We constructed an epidemic curve, drew a spot map, and calculated the attack rate and case-fatality ratio. We calculated vaccine effectiveness (VE) for one and two doses of measles vaccine in an unmatched case-control study and did stratified analysis by sex, availability of vaccination card, and migrant status. We identified 358 cases and four deaths with a 11.3% attack rate and 1.1% case fatality, both being highest among 0-24-month-old boys. The epidemic curve suggested a propagated mode of spread. The VE for two doses was 64% (95% confidence interval (CI): 23-73%) among under-5-year-old children and 70% (95% CI: 28-88%) among 5-15-year-old children. Failure to vaccinate, consequent to the COVID-19 pandemic, and vaccine hesitancy might have led to the accumulation of susceptible children in the community. Additionally, the occurrence of case-patients among vaccinated suggests reduced VE, which needs further investigation into humoral and cell-mediated immunity as well as contributory factors including nutritional status. Outbreak response immunization to complete immunization of missed and dropout children was carried out to control the outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reetika Malik Yadav
- ICMR School of Public Health, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, ICMR-National Institute of Immunohaematology, Mumbai, India
| | - Mangala Gomare
- Public Health Department, Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai, Mumbai, India
| | - Arun Gaikwad
- Public Health Department, Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai, Mumbai, India
| | - Upalimitra Waghmare
- Public Health Department, Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai, Mumbai, India
| | - Utkarsh Betodkar
- ICMR School of Public Health, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India
| | | | - Vineet Kumar Kamal
- ICMR School of Public Health, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India
| | | | - Sampada Bangar
- Division of Epidemiology and Statistics, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, India
| | - Tarun Bhatnagar
- ICMR School of Public Health, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India
| | - Manoj Murhekar
- ICMR School of Public Health, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India
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Patwary MM, Disha AS, Hasan M, Bardhan M, Hasan M, Tuhi FI, Rahim SJ, Newaz MN, Imran SA, Haque MZ, Hossain MR, Kabir MP, Swed S. Integrating health belief model and theory of planned behavior to assess COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among urban slum people in Bangladesh. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290412. [PMID: 38117841 PMCID: PMC10732453 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been identified as a promising strategy to reduce the severity of the pandemic. Despite the safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines, bringing socioeconomically disadvantaged people under vaccination coverage has been challenging for developing countries like Bangladesh. Therefore, this study explored the determinants of vaccine acceptance among urban slum residents of Bangladesh using the Health Belief Model (HBM) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). METHODS A face-to-face survey of 400 urban slum dwellers in two large cities in Bangladesh was conducted between July 5 to August 5, 2021. The questionnaire included vaccine acceptance, socio-demographics, health-related characteristics, trust in health authorities, reasons for vaccine hesitancy, and dimensions of HBM and TPB frameworks. Hierarchical logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association between these characteristics and vaccination acceptance. RESULTS Around 82% (n = 327) of respondents were willing to accept the COVID-19 vaccine. In a fully adjusted model, respondents with secondary level education had higher intention (OR = 46.93, 95%CI = 1.21-1807.90, p < 0. 05) to accept COVID-19 vaccine. Respondents with bad (OR = 0.11, 95%CI = 0.01-0.35, p<0.05) or very bad (OR = 0.01, 95%CI = 0.01-0.35, p<0.05) health conditions were less interested in the COVID-19 vaccination. In regard to HBM dimensions, greater perceived susceptibility (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.12-2.75, p < 0.05), and perceived benefits (OR = 3.28, 95% CI = 1.17-6.00, p < 0.001) were associated with a greater willingness to get vaccinated. In regard to TPB, higher self-efficacy in preventing illness without the vaccine increased the desire to get vaccinated (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.02-2.37, p < 0.05). Fear of unknown side effects, religious beliefs, contraindications to vaccination, and insufficient information on the vaccine were the main reasons for vaccine hesitancy. CONCLUSIONS These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers in Bangladesh to design targeted interventions that address vaccine hesitancy and increase vaccination acceptability among socially disadvantaged individuals in urban areas. Strategies should focus on providing accurate and accessible information about the vaccine, communicating its positive impact effectively, engaging with religious leaders to address misconceptions, and tailoring vaccination campaigns to meet the unique needs of different demographic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mainuddin Patwary
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Asma Safia Disha
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Department of Environmental Science and Management, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mahadi Hasan
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Mondira Bardhan
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Mehedi Hasan
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Faiza Imam Tuhi
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Department of Statistics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sama Jamila Rahim
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Department of Statistics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Navid Newaz
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Department of Statistics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sardar Al Imran
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Development Studies Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Zahidul Haque
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Riad Hossain
- Institute of Disaster Management, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Md Pervez Kabir
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Sarya Swed
- Faculty of Medicine, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria
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Sharma N, Basu S, Lalwani H, Rao S, Malik M, Garg S, Shrivastava R, Singh MM. COVID-19 Booster Dose Coverage and Hesitancy among Older Adults in an Urban Slum and Resettlement Colony in Delhi, India. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1177. [PMID: 37514993 PMCID: PMC10385507 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11071177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high prevalence of vaccine booster hesitancy, with the concomitant waning of humoral vaccine or hybrid immunity, and the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern can accentuate COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. The study objective was to ascertain the COVID-19 vaccination coverage, including the administration of precaution (booster) dose vaccination, among the older population in an urban slum and resettlement colony population in Delhi, India. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey in an urban resettlement colony, slum, and village cluster in the Northeast district of Delhi among residents aged ≥50 years. RESULTS A total of 2217 adults (58.28%) had obtained a COVID-19 booster (precaution) dose vaccine, 1404 (36.91%) had received two doses of a COVID-19 vaccine without booster dose, 121 (3.18%) were unvaccinated, while 62 (1.63%) participants received a single dose. Based on adjusted analysis, older adults (>65 years), higher education, and higher per-capita income were statistically significant predictors of booster dose vaccination. CONCLUSIONS More than four in ten adults in an urban slum and resettlement colony in Delhi lacked COVID-19 booster dose vaccination despite high rates of double-dose vaccination (~95%). Public health programming should provide an enhanced focus on reducing complacency with renewed prioritization for improving ease of access to COVID-19 vaccination services, particularly in underserved areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Sharma
- Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi 110002, India
| | - Saurav Basu
- Indian Institute of Public Health-Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi 122002, India
| | - Heena Lalwani
- Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi 110002, India
| | - Shivani Rao
- Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi 110002, India
| | - Mansi Malik
- Indian Institute of Public Health-Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi 122002, India
| | - Sandeep Garg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi 110002, India
| | - Rahul Shrivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, National Biopharma Mission, Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC), New Delhi 110003, India
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Abdalla SM, Mohamed EY, Elsabagh HM, Ahmad MS, Shaik RA, Mehta V, Mathur A, Ghatge SB. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among the General Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1125. [PMID: 37376514 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11061125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hesitancy about receiving vaccines has been deemed a global danger to public health by WHO. The sociocultural backgrounds of the people have an impact on vaccine acceptance. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sociodemographic factors on COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy as well as to identify the factors that contributed to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the primary variables causing COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy among residents of Pune. The general population was sampled through simple random sampling. The minimum sample size was determined to be 1246. The questionnaire inquired about the individuals' sociodemographic information, vaccination status, and reasons for vaccine hesitancy. RESULTS In total, there were 5381 subjects, 1669 of whom were unvaccinated and 3712 of whom were partially vaccinated. Fear of adverse effects (51.71%), fear of losing a few days of work (43.02%), and inability to secure a vaccine slot online (33.01%) were the most frequently cited reasons. An older population (>60 years, p = 0.004), males (p = 0.032), those who were literate (p = 0.011), those of lower middle socioeconomic status (p = 0.001), and smokers were significantly associated with fear and mistrust of the COVID-19 vaccine, while mistrust of the vaccine was greatest among individuals from the upper and lower middle classes (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Vaccine hesitancy due to concerns about the side effects and long-term complications was prevalent among the elderly, males, those from the lower middle class, and smokers. This study emphasizes the importance of communicating effectively about the vaccine's efficacy, its distribution, and vaccination sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan Mustafa Abdalla
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsadig Yousif Mohamed
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala Mostafa Elsabagh
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 6632110, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Shakil Ahmad
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyaz Ahamed Shaik
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vini Mehta
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411018, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ankita Mathur
- Department of Periodontology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411018, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sharad Balasaheb Ghatge
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Imaging, Grant Government Medical College, Sir JJ Group of Hospitals, Mumbai 400008, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Bombay Hospital, Mumbai 400020, Maharashtra, India
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Kawuki J, Chen S, Fang Y, Liang X, Chan PSF, Wang Z. COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance, Attitude and Perception among Slum and Underserved Communities: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11050886. [PMID: 37242990 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11050886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review summarises the literature on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, including acceptance, uptake, hesitancy, attitude and perceptions among slum and underserved communities. Relevant studies were searched from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar, following a pre-registered protocol in PROSPERO (CRD42022355101) and PRISMA guidelines. We extracted data, used random-effects models to combine the vaccine acceptance, hesitancy and uptake rates categorically, and performed meta-regression by R software (version 4.2.1). Twenty-four studies with 30,323 participants met the inclusion criteria. The overall prevalence was 58% (95% CI: 49-67%) for vaccine acceptance, 23% (95% CI: 13-39%) for uptake and 29% (95% CI: 18-43%) for hesitancy. Acceptance and uptake were positively associated with various sociodemographic factors, including older age, higher education level, male gender, ethnicity/race (e.g., Whites vs African Americans), more knowledge and a higher level of awareness of vaccines, but some studies reported inconsistent results. Safety and efficacy concerns, low-risk perception, long distance to vaccination centres and unfavourable vaccination schedules were prominent reasons for hesitancy. Moreover, varying levels of attitudes and perceptions regarding COVID-19 vaccination were reported with existing misconceptions and negative beliefs, and these were strong predictors of vaccination. Infodemic management and continuous vaccine education are needed to address existing misconceptions and negative beliefs, and this should target young, less-educated women and ethnic minorities. Considering mobile vaccination units to vaccinate people at home or workplaces would be a useful strategy in addressing access barriers and increasing vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kawuki
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xue Liang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul Shing-Fong Chan
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zixin Wang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Kazmi T, Abdullah M, Khan AA, Safdar RM, Afzal S, Khan A. COVID-19 vaccination acceptance in underserved urban areas of Islamabad and Rawalpindi: results from a cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2299. [PMID: 36482435 PMCID: PMC9733198 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14553-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban slums are home to a significant number of marginalized individuals and are often excluded from public services. This study explores the determinants of willingness and uptake of COVID-19 vaccines in urban slums in Pakistan. METHODS The study uses a cross-sectional survey of 1760 respondents from five urban slums in twin cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad carried out between June 16 and 26, 2021. Pairwise means comparison tests and multivariate logistic regressions were applied to check the associations of socio-demographic factors and COVID-19 related factors with willingness to get vaccinated and vaccination uptake. RESULTS Only 6% of the sample was fully vaccinated while 16% were partially vaccinated at the time of survey. Willingness to receive vaccination was associated with higher education (aOR: 1.583, CI: 1.031, 2.431), being employed (aOR: 1.916, CI: 1.423, 2.580), prior infection in the family (but not self) (aOR: 1.646, CI: 1.032, 2.625), family vaccination (aOR: 3.065, CI: 2.326, 4.038), knowing of and living close to a vaccination center (aOR: 2.851, CI: 1.646, 4.939), and being worried about COVID-19 (aOR: 2.117, CI: 1.662, 2.695). Vaccine uptake was influenced by the same factors as willingness, except worriedness about COVID-19. Both willingness and vaccination were the lowest in the two informal settlements that are the furthest from public facilities. CONCLUSIONS We found low lived experience with COVID-19 infection in urban slums, with moderate willingness to vaccinate and low vaccination uptake. Interventions that seek to vaccinate individuals against COVID-19 must account for urban poor settlement populations and overcome structural barriers such as distance from vaccination services, perhaps by bringing such services to these communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adnan Ahmad Khan
- Research and Development Solutions, Islamabad, Pakistan ,Ministry of National Health Services, Regulations and Coordination (MoNHSRC), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Safdar
- Ministry of National Health Services, Regulations and Coordination (MoNHSRC), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sabeen Afzal
- Ministry of National Health Services, Regulations and Coordination (MoNHSRC), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Khan
- Akhter Hameed Khan Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Frew PM, Schamel JT, Randall LA, King AR, Spaulding AC, Wu E, Holloway IW. Vaccine confidence among people who use drugs: A cross-sectional survey. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2123201. [PMID: 36170655 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2123201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult immunization coverage remains low in the US, particularly for people who use drugs (PWUD), a population that experiences a disproportionate burden of vaccine-preventable diseases. The extent of and characteristics associated with vaccine confidence (VC) held by PWUD is poorly understood. As VC strongly correlates with vaccine uptake, this cross-sectional study identifies mutable factors associated with VC and quantifies its relationship to immunization status within a highly vulnerable, underimmunized population of PWUD. Using a community-engaged research strategy with select partner organizations hosting syringe exchange programs in Atlanta, Los Angeles, and Las Vegas, USA, we surveyed participants ages 18-69 years served by these organizations from 2019 to 2020. Survey measures included sociodemographics, health behavior including immunization receipt, and vaccine confidence in adult vaccinations using a modified Emory Vaccine Confidence Index (EVCI). The findings reflect relatively low VC among the 1,127 recruited participants, with 56% expressing low VC (EVCI 0-12), 35% medium (EVCI 13-20) and 10% high (EVCI 21-24). EVCI varied by city, with lowest confidence in Atlanta and highest in Las Vegas. VC was associated with past receipt of specific vaccines, including hepatitis A, MMR, Tdap, and influenza. VC varied by specific sociodemographic correlates such as housing insecurity (reduced confidence) and receipt of public benefits or disability (increased confidence). This study identified correlates associated with VC based on site and sociodemographic characteristics for this priority population, highlighting the need for specific interventions to raise VC among PWUD, especially among those experiencing housing insecurity and without public benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M Frew
- Schools of Public Health, Medicine, and Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.,Population Health & Health Equity Initiative, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Jay T Schamel
- Schools of Public Health, Medicine, and Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.,Population Health & Health Equity Initiative, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Laura A Randall
- Schools of Public Health, Medicine, and Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.,Population Health & Health Equity Initiative, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Adrian R King
- Schools of Public Health, Medicine, and Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.,Population Health & Health Equity Initiative, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Anne C Spaulding
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Wu
- Department of Social Welfare, UCLA Luskin School of Public Affairs, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Southern California HIV/AIDS Policy Research Center, UCLA Luskin School of Public Affairs, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Hub for Health Intervention, Policy, and Practice, UCLA Luskin School of Public Affairs, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ian W Holloway
- Department of Social Welfare, UCLA Luskin School of Public Affairs, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Southern California HIV/AIDS Policy Research Center, UCLA Luskin School of Public Affairs, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Hub for Health Intervention, Policy, and Practice, UCLA Luskin School of Public Affairs, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Patwary MM, Bardhan M, Al Imran S, Hasan M, Imam Tuhi F, Rahim SJ, Newaz MN, Hasan M, Haque MZ, Disha AS, Hossain MR, Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Saeed F, Nazari SK, Shoib S. Psychological determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among urban slum dwellers of Bangladesh. Front Public Health 2022; 10:958445. [PMID: 36187665 PMCID: PMC9523437 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.958445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination has emerged as a promising approach to counter the harmful impacts of the pandemic. Understanding the psychological components that may impact an individual's attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination is crucial for generating evidence-based ways to minimize vaccine hesitancy. This study determined the psychological antecedents regarding vaccine acceptance among urban slum people of Bangladesh. Methods From 5 July to 5 August 5, 2021, a face-to-face survey was conducted in the urban slum of two large cities in Bangladesh. The questionnaire considered socio-demographics, health-related characteristics, psychological determinants, sources of information, and conspiracy beliefs regarding COVID-19. The 5C sub-scales were used to assess psychological antecedents. Five stepwise binary logistic regression models evaluated significant predictors for confidence, complacency, calculation, constraints, and collective responsibility. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between psychological antecedents and vaccine acceptability. Results The study revealed that the slum residents with a high level of confident (89.94%), complacent (72.73%), having constraints (82.31%), calculative (84.80%), and responsible (93.30%) showed a higher vaccine acceptance rate. Higher vaccine acceptance was related to the believer in natural-made origin (85.96%) and those who rejected anti-vaccination (88.44%). The information acquired from newspapers differed significantly (p < 0.05), though TV or radio was the most common primary information source about COVID-19 vaccines (74.75%). The regression result revealed that marital status, education, family income, and perceived health condition were significantly associated with the 5C domains. Two psychological antecedents including complacency (OR = 3.97; p < 0.001) and collective responsibility (OR = 0.23; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with vaccine acceptance. Conclusions Different predictors significantly affect psychological antecedents related to COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Therefore, considering the factors, targeted actions based on the findings may help to lower vaccine reluctance and boost vaccination rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mainuddin Patwary
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Mondira Bardhan
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Sardar Al Imran
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Development Studies Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Mehedi Hasan
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Faiza Imam Tuhi
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Department of Statistics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sama Jamila Rahim
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Department of Statistics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Navid Newaz
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Department of Statistics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mahadi Hasan
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Zahidul Haque
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Asma Safia Disha
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Riad Hossain
- Institute of Disaster Management, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundacion Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Colombia
- Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Colombia
- Master of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru
- School of Medicine, Universidad Privada Franz Tamayo, Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | - Fahimeh Saeed
- Psychosis Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sheikh Shoib
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawahar Lal Nehru Memorial Hospital (JLNMH), Srinagar, India
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10
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Afrifa-Anane GF, Larbi RT, Addo B, Agyekum MW, Kyei-Arthur F, Appiah M, Agyemang CO, Sakada IG. Facilitators and barriers to COVID-19 vaccine uptake among women in two regions of Ghana: A qualitative study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272876. [PMID: 35976969 PMCID: PMC9385066 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although COVID-19 vaccines are available, evidence suggests that several factors hinder or facilitate their use. Several studies have found gender differences in COVID-19 vaccine uptake, with women less likely to vaccinate than men in many countries, including Ghana. These studies, however, have primarily been quantitative. This study used a qualitative approach to examine the facilitators and barriers to vaccine uptake among women in Ghana. Using a cross-sectional descriptive qualitative research design, 30 women in the Greater Accra and Ashanti regions of Ghana were conveniently sampled and interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. Fifteen (15) interviews were conducted in each region. The data were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically using QSR NVivo version 10 software. Among the key factors that facilitate COVID-19 vaccination are the desire to protect oneself and family against COVID-19, education about COVID-19 vaccines, seeing others receive the COVID-19 vaccine, and vaccine being cost-free. On the other hand, long queues at the vaccination centres, fear of side effects, misconceptions about the vaccines, and shortage of vaccines were the main barriers against COVID-19 vaccination. The study results show that individual, institutional, and vaccine-related factors facilitate or hinder COVID-19 vaccination among women. Addressing these factors need continuous comprehensive health education, and ensuring vaccine availability at vaccination sites will improve women’s uptake of the COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Frempong Afrifa-Anane
- Department of Environment and Public Health, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana
| | - Reuben Tete Larbi
- Regional Institute for Population Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Bright Addo
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Martin Wiredu Agyekum
- Institute for Educational Research and Innovation Studies, University of Education, Winneba, Ghana
| | - Frank Kyei-Arthur
- Department of Environment and Public Health, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana
- * E-mail:
| | - Margaret Appiah
- Department of Environment and Public Health, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana
| | | | - Ignatius Great Sakada
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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11
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Jiao J, Shi L, Chen H, Wang X, Yang M, Yang J, Liu M, Yi X, Sun G. Containment strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic among three Asian low and middle-income countries. J Glob Health 2022; 12:05016. [PMID: 35596570 PMCID: PMC9123341 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.12.05016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 has not been effectively controlled, seriously threatening people’s health and socioeconomic development. This study aims to summarise the successful experiences and lessons in containment strategy learned from Asian Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) during the COVID-19 pandemic and analyse the effectiveness of their measures to provide lessons for LMICs in general. Methods This is a retrospective study on the effectiveness of China, India, and Vietnam’s containment strategies. The objective was to assess the effectiveness of measures taken for COVID-19 and provide lessons for wider LMICs in controlling and preventing the COVID-19 pandemic. Results As of June 16, 2021, the Indian epidemic was in the declining part of the rebound stage, with a total of 21 521.900 cases per million and 276.740 deaths per million – both the highest among the three countries. Entering the normalised prevention and control stage, China stably remained at a total of 63. 615 cases per million and 3.211 deaths per million. Vietnam's number of new cases per million was very low in the first stage and almost stagnant except for cluster epidemics. In May 2021, the number of new cases per million started to rapidly increase, but the total of deaths per million was at the low level of 0.627. Conclusions A high attention to epidemics at early stages, strict border control measures, and synchronization of government and population on COVID-19 prevention and control opinions and behaviours play important roles in designing containment strategies. In addition, rapid close contact tracing and large-scale nucleic testing are good options for response to cluster epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jiao
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Leiyu Shi
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Haiqian Chen
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Manfei Yang
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junyan Yang
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meiheng Liu
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianchun Yi
- Yichun Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichun, Jiangxi, China
| | - Gang Sun
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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12
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Bhatia R, Abraham P. COVID-19 pandemic: Current & future perspectives. Indian J Med Res 2022; 155:445-449. [PMID: 36348592 PMCID: PMC9807213 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1493_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Bhatia
- Former Director, Communicable Diseases, World Health Organization South-East Asia Regional Office, New Delhi 110 002, India,For correspondence:
| | - Priya Abraham
- Director, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune 411 001, Maharashtra, India
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