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Klinmalai C, Srisala S, Sahakijpicharn T, Apiwattanakul N. Monitoring of adaptive immune responses in healthcare workers who received a Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine booster dose. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e2250. [PMID: 39015422 PMCID: PMC11250167 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.2250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic and led to increased mortality and morbidity. Vaccines against the etiologic agent; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) were approved for emergency use on different platforms. In the early phase of the pandemic, Thai healthcare workers (HCWs) received CoronaVac, an inactivated vaccine, as the first vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, followed by ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, a viral vector-based vaccine, or BNT162b2, an mRNA vaccine, as a booster dose. This preliminary study evaluated the immunogenicity of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BNT162b2 as a booster dose in HCWs who previously received two doses of CoronaVac. Methods Ten HCW participants received ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and another 10 HCWs received BNT162b2 as a booster dose after two doses of CoronaVac. Anti-RBD IgG, neutralizing antibodies (NAb), and cellular immunity, including interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)-releasing CD4, CD8, double negative T cells, and NK cells, were measured at 3 and 5 months after the booster dose. Results There was no significant difference in anti-RBD IgG levels at 3 and 5 months between the two different types of booster vaccine. The levels of anti-RBD IgG and NAb were significantly decreased at 5 months. HCWs receiving BNT162b2 had significantly higher NAb levels than those receiving ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 at 5 months after the booster dose. IFN-γ release from CD4 T cells was detected at 3 months with no significant difference between the two types of booster vaccines. However, IFN-γ-releasing CD4 T cells were present at 5 months in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group only. Conclusion ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or BNT162b2 can be used as a booster dose after completion of the primary series primed by inactivated vaccine. Although the levels of immunity decline at 5 months, they may be adequate during the first 3 months after the booster dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chompunuch Klinmalai
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Supanart Srisala
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Thiantip Sahakijpicharn
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Nopporn Apiwattanakul
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
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2
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Binayke A, Zaheer A, Vishwakarma S, Singh S, Sharma P, Chandwaskar R, Gosain M, Raghavan S, Murugesan DR, Kshetrapal P, Thiruvengadam R, Bhatnagar S, Pandey AK, Garg PK, Awasthi A. A quest for universal anti-SARS-CoV-2 T cell assay: systematic review, meta-analysis, and experimental validation. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:3. [PMID: 38167915 PMCID: PMC10762233 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00794-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Measuring SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses is crucial to understanding an individual's immunity to COVID-19. However, high inter- and intra-assay variability make it difficult to define T cells as a correlate of protection against COVID-19. To address this, we performed systematic review and meta-analysis of 495 datasets from 94 original articles evaluating SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses using three assays - Activation Induced Marker (AIM), Intracellular Cytokine Staining (ICS), and Enzyme-Linked Immunospot (ELISPOT), and defined each assay's quantitative range. We validated these ranges using samples from 193 SARS-CoV-2-exposed individuals. Although IFNγ ELISPOT was the preferred assay, our experimental validation suggested that it under-represented the SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell repertoire. Our data indicate that a combination of AIM and ICS or FluoroSpot assay would better represent the frequency, polyfunctionality, and compartmentalization of the antigen-specific T cell responses. Taken together, our results contribute to defining the ranges of antigen-specific T cell assays and propose a choice of assay that can be employed to better understand the cellular immune response against viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Binayke
- Immunology Core Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
- Centre for Immunobiology and Immunotherapy, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
- Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Aymaan Zaheer
- Immunology Core Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Siddhesh Vishwakarma
- Immunology Core Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Savita Singh
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Immunology Core Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Rucha Chandwaskar
- Department of Microbiology, AMITY University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Mudita Gosain
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | | | | | | | - Ramachandran Thiruvengadam
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
- Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry, India
| | | | | | - Pramod Kumar Garg
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Amit Awasthi
- Immunology Core Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India.
- Centre for Immunobiology and Immunotherapy, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India.
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3
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Nithichanon A, Kamuthachad L, Salao K, Phoksawat W, Kamsom C, Wongratanacheewin S, Pipattanaboon C, Kanthawong S, Yordpratum U, Aromseree S, Meesing A, Mootsikapun P, Edwards SW, Phanthanawiboon S. A two-arm analysis of the immune response to heterologous boosting of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18762. [PMID: 37907584 PMCID: PMC10618206 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46053-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Several vaccine programs were introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic, which included inactivated virus, DNA viral vectors and mRNA vaccines. Booster programs are recommended, especially for those in high-risk groups. However, many of these booster programs involve heterologous vaccines. This study enrolled volunteers who first received two full-dose CoronaVac vaccinations before receiving heterologous boosters with DNA- and/or mRNA-vaccines for an additional 2 doses (n = 40) or an additional 3 doses (n = 16). Our results showed no difference in side effects, neutralizing antibodies, or T-cell responses for any of the heterologous vaccination programs. However, the neutralizing capacity and IFN-γ responses against the Omicron variant in volunteers who received 4 or 5 doses were improved. Polarization of peripheral memory T cells after stimulation in all booster groups with Omicron peptide showed an increased trend of naïve and central memory phenotypes of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, suggesting that exposure to Omicron antigens will drive T cells into a lymphoid resident T cell phenotype. Our data support a continuous vaccination program to maximize the effectiveness of immunity, especially in people at high risk. Furthermore, the number of boosting doses is important for maintaining immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnone Nithichanon
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases (RCEID), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Ludthawun Kamuthachad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kanin Salao
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases (RCEID), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Wisitsak Phoksawat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases (RCEID), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chatcharin Kamsom
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | | | - Sakawrat Kanthawong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Umaporn Yordpratum
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sirinart Aromseree
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Atibordee Meesing
- Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Piroon Mootsikapun
- Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Steven W Edwards
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Farahmand B, Sadat Larijani M, Fotouhi F, Biglari A, Sorouri R, Bagheri Amiri F, Eslamifar A, Jalali T, Salehi-Vaziri M, Banifazl M, Dahmardeh S, Eshratkhah Mohammadnejad A, Bavand A, Tavakoli M, Verez-Bencomo V, Mostafavi E, Noori Daloii H, Ashrafian F, Saberpour M, Ramezani A. Evaluation of PastoCovac plus vaccine as a booster dose on vaccinated individuals with inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20555. [PMID: 37810803 PMCID: PMC10551543 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic has been managed through global vaccination programs. However, the antibody waning in various types of vaccines came to notice. Hereby, PastoCovac Plus as a protein subunit vaccine was investigated in immunized health care workers by COVAXIN (BBV152). The booster vaccine was recommended at least three months post the second dose of COVAXIN. Sera collection was done before and after each injection. SARS-CoV-2 PCR test was done monthly to detect any asymptomatic and symptomatic vaccine breakthrough. 47.9 and 24.3% of the participants were seronegative for anti-N and anti-S antibodies three months after the second dose of COVAXIN, respectively. On average, fold-rises of 70, 93, 8 and mean-rises of 23.32, 892.4, 5.59 were recorded regarding neutralizing antibody, quantitative and semi-quantitative anti-Spike antibody, respectively. Anti-Spike and neutralizing antibodies seroconversion was seen 59.3% and 45.7%, respectively. The vaccine breakthrough assessment showed that all the isolated samples belonged to SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant. PastoCovac Plus boosting is strongly recommended in combination with inactivated vaccine platforms against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrokh Farahmand
- Department of Influenza and Other Rrespiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Fotouhi
- Department of Influenza and Other Rrespiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Biglari
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahim Sorouri
- IPI Directorate, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Bagheri Amiri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Eslamifar
- Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Jalali
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Banifazl
- Iranian Society for Support of Patients with Infectious Disease, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarah Dahmardeh
- Vaccination Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Anahita Bavand
- Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Tavakoli
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ehsan Mostafavi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Noori Daloii
- Health and Safety Department, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ashrafian
- Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Saberpour
- Department of Influenza and Other Rrespiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amitis Ramezani
- Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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5
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Kuloğlu ZE, Talay ZG, Albayrak Ö, Ergönül Ö, Can F. B Cell Subtypes in Individuals Received mRNA or Inactivated Vaccine Boosters After Fully Vaccinated with CoronaVac: A Longitudinal Study. INFECTIOUS DISEASES & CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2023; 5:257-261. [PMID: 38633562 PMCID: PMC10986697 DOI: 10.36519/idcm.2023.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the changes in the B cell subpopulations after homologous or heterologous COVID-19 boosters. Blood samples were collected after baseline (3-5 months after two doses of CoronaVac), 1 and 3 months after BNT162b2 (n=28 and n=6), and CoronaVac (n=7 and n=4) boosters. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and stained with B cell markers, the ratios of naïve (CD19+CD20+CD27-), memory (CD19+CD20+CD27+), memory B cells expressing IgG (CD19+CD20+CD27+IgG+), and effector memory B cells (CD19+CD20+CD27+CD38+) were identified with flow cytometry. Significantly higher expression of memory B cells was observed in one month with BNT162b2 (12.16% one month, 5.98% three months) and CoronaVac (14.18% one month, 9.00% three months) boosters. IgG expressing memory B cell expression was significantly higher with BNT162b2 than with CoronaVac booster in one month (22.70% and 13.95%, respectively). The ratio of effector B cells in the first month after CoronaVac booster (25.44%) was significantly higher than the BNT162b2 booster (9.90%, p =0.0263).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Ece Kuloğlu
- Koç University IsBank Research Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), İstanbul, Türkiye
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Koç University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Zeynep Gülçe Talay
- Koç University IsBank Research Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), İstanbul, Türkiye
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Koç University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Özgür Albayrak
- Koç University Hospital Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Önder Ergönül
- Koç University IsBank Research Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), İstanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Koç University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Füsun Can
- Koç University IsBank Research Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), İstanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Koç University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye
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6
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Ramezani A, Sorouri R, Haji Maghsoudi S, Dahmardeh S, Doroud D, Sadat Larijani M, Eybpoosh S, Mostafavi E, Olyaeemanesh A, Salehi-Vaziri M, Bavand A, Zarghani G, Moradi L, Ashrafian F, Bagheri Amiri F, Mashayekhi P, Tahmasebi Z, Biglari A. PastoCovac and PastoCovac Plus as protein subunit COVID-19 vaccines led to great humoral immune responses in BBIP-CorV immunized individuals. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8065. [PMID: 37202438 PMCID: PMC10195798 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35147-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The optimal booster vaccine schedule against COVID-19 is still being explored. The present study aimed at assessment of the immunogenicity and antibody persistency of inactivated-virus based vaccine, BBIP-CorV and protein-subunit based vaccines, PastoCovac/Plus through heterologous and homologous prime-boost vaccination. Totally, 214 individuals who were previously primed with BBIBP-CorV vaccines were divided into three arms on their choice as heterologous regimens BBIBP-CorV/PastoCovac (n = 68), BBIBP-CorV/PastoCovac Plus (n = 72) and homologous BBIBP-CorV (n = 74). PastoCovac booster recipients achieved the highest rate of anti-Spike IgG titer rise with a fourfold rise in 50% of the group. Anti-RBD IgG and neutralizing antibody mean rise and fold rise were almost similar between the PastoCovac and PastoCovac Plus booster receivers. The antibody durability results indicated that the generated antibodies were persistent until day 180 in all three groups. Nevertheless, a higher rate of antibody titer was seen in the heterologous regimen compared to BBIP-CorV group. Furthermore, no serious adverse event was recorded. The protein subunit-based booster led to a stronger humoral immune response in comparison with the BBIP-CorV booster receivers. Both the protein subunit boosters neutralized SARS-CoV-2 significantly more than BBIP-CorV. Notably, PastoCovac protein subunit-based vaccine could be successfully applied as a booster with convenient immunogenicity and safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitis Ramezani
- Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No 69, Pasteur Ave., Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahim Sorouri
- IPI Directorate, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saiedeh Haji Maghsoudi
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sarah Dahmardeh
- Department of Vaccination, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Delaram Doroud
- Quality Control Department, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Sadat Larijani
- Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No 69, Pasteur Ave., Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sana Eybpoosh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Mostafavi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Olyaeemanesh
- Health Equity Research Centre and National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Anahita Bavand
- Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No 69, Pasteur Ave., Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ladan Moradi
- Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No 69, Pasteur Ave., Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ashrafian
- Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No 69, Pasteur Ave., Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Bagheri Amiri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Mashayekhi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Tahmasebi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Biglari
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Enghelab Street, P.O. BOX 14155-6559, Tehran, Iran.
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Hantrakun N, Sinsakolwat P, Tantiworawit A, Rattarittamrong E, Rattanathammethee T, Hantrakool S, Piriyakhuntorn P, Punnachet T, Niprapan P, Wongtagan O, Chaiwarith R, Norasetthada L, Chai-Adisaksopha C. Longitudinal Profiles of Anti-Platelet Factor 4 Antibodies in Thai People Who Received ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccination. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11030692. [PMID: 36992276 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11030692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-platelet factor 4 (anti-PF4) antibodies were identified as pathogenic antibodies for vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (VITT) in subjects receiving ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccinations. We performed a prospective cohort study to determine the prevalence of anti-PF4 and the effect of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine on anti-PF4 in healthy Thai subjects. Anti-PF4 antibodies were measured before and four weeks after receiving the first vaccination. Participants with detectable antibodies were scheduled for repeat anti-PF4 analysis at 12 weeks after the second vaccination. Of 396 participants, ten participants (2.53%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22-4.59) were positive for anti-PF4 before receiving vaccinations. Twelve people (3.03%; 95% CI, 1.58-5.23) had detectable anti-PF4 after the first vaccination. There was no difference in the optical density (OD) values of anti-PF4 antibodies when comparisons were made between pre-vaccination and four weeks after the first vaccination (p = 0.0779). There was also no significant difference in OD values in participants with detectable antibodies. No subjects experienced thrombotic complications. Pain at the injection site was associated with an increased risk of being anti-PF4 positive at an odds ratio of 3.44 (95% CI, 1.06-11.18). To conclude, the prevalence of anti-PF4 was low in Thais and did not significantly change over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nonthakorn Hantrakun
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Peampost Sinsakolwat
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Adisak Tantiworawit
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Ekarat Rattarittamrong
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Thanawat Rattanathammethee
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sasinee Hantrakool
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pokpong Piriyakhuntorn
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Teerachat Punnachet
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Piangrawee Niprapan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Ornkamon Wongtagan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Romanee Chaiwarith
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Lalita Norasetthada
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chatree Chai-Adisaksopha
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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8
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Jantarabenjakul W, Sodsai P, Chantasrisawad N, Jitsatja A, Ninwattana S, Thippamom N, Ruenjaiman V, Tan CW, Pradit R, Sophonphan J, Wacharapluesadee S, Wang LF, Puthanakit T, Hirankarn N, Putcharoen O. Dynamics of Neutralizing Antibody and T-Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 and Variants of Concern after Primary Immunization with CoronaVac and Booster with BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 in Health Care Workers. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:639. [PMID: 35632395 PMCID: PMC9147589 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10050639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) is commonly used in national immunization programs. However, the immune response significantly declines within a few months. Our study assessed the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 after receiving booster shots of BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 among health care workers who previously received CoronaVac as their primary immunization. Fifty-six participants who received ChAdOx1 and forty-two participants who received BNT162b2 were enrolled into this study, which evaluated immune responses, including anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike total antibodies (Elecsys®), surrogated viral neutralization test (sVNT) to ancestral strain (cPass™; GenScript), five variants of concern (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron) (Luminex; multiplex sVNT) and the ELISpot with spike (S1 and S2) peptide pool against the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain. The samples were analyzed at baseline, 4, and 12 weeks after primary immunization, as well as 4 and 12 weeks after receiving the booster. This study showed a significant increase in anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike total antibodies, sVNT, and T-cell immune response after the booster, including against the Omicron variant. Immune responses rapidly decreased in the booster group at 12 weeks after booster but were still higher than post-primary vaccination. A fourth dose or a second booster should be recommended, particularly in health care workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Watsamon Jantarabenjakul
- Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (W.J.); (N.C.); (A.J.); (S.N.); (N.T.); (R.P.); (S.W.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence in Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pimpayao Sodsai
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (P.S.); (V.R.); (N.H.)
| | - Napaporn Chantasrisawad
- Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (W.J.); (N.C.); (A.J.); (S.N.); (N.T.); (R.P.); (S.W.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence in Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Anusara Jitsatja
- Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (W.J.); (N.C.); (A.J.); (S.N.); (N.T.); (R.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Sasiprapa Ninwattana
- Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (W.J.); (N.C.); (A.J.); (S.N.); (N.T.); (R.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Nattakarn Thippamom
- Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (W.J.); (N.C.); (A.J.); (S.N.); (N.T.); (R.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Vichaya Ruenjaiman
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (P.S.); (V.R.); (N.H.)
| | - Chee Wah Tan
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (C.W.T.); (L.-F.W.)
| | - Rakchanok Pradit
- Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (W.J.); (N.C.); (A.J.); (S.N.); (N.T.); (R.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Jiratchaya Sophonphan
- The HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration (HIV-NAT), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Supaporn Wacharapluesadee
- Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (W.J.); (N.C.); (A.J.); (S.N.); (N.T.); (R.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Lin-Fa Wang
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (C.W.T.); (L.-F.W.)
| | - Thanyawee Puthanakit
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence in Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nattiya Hirankarn
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (P.S.); (V.R.); (N.H.)
| | - Opass Putcharoen
- Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (W.J.); (N.C.); (A.J.); (S.N.); (N.T.); (R.P.); (S.W.)
- The HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration (HIV-NAT), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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