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Atefi A, Ghanaatpisheh A, Ghasemi A, Haghshenas H, Eyvani K, Bakhshi A, Esfandiari MA, Aram C, Saberi A. Meningitis after COVID-19 vaccination, a systematic review of case reports and case series. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:1138. [PMID: 39390499 PMCID: PMC11468859 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-10043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 10/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccination is considered as one of the most promising strategies to overcome the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it could be associated with rare but serious complications. In the present study, we aimed to review the clinical course and etiology of post COVID-19 vaccination meningitis. METHODS After a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences online databases as well as Google Scholar, documents were screened and qualified. Then data extraction was performed and the most frequent underlying agent of meningitis was found based on the reported cases. RESULTS Overall, 35 cases of post COVID-19 vaccination meningitis from 33 articles were included in the review. Among them, 12 cases had proven viral diagnosis and 23 of them were reported to be vaccine-induced. The most frequent viral pathogen among the cases was VZV. The most prevalent symptom was headache, and the most common time of appearance symptoms was one week after vaccination. CONCLUSION Overall, our study suggested meningitis as a critical but not devastating complication of COVID-19 vaccination. Almost all patients responded well to common agents used to manage viral or vaccine-induced meningitis. It is recommended to monitor patients with a history of chickenpox after COVID-19 vaccination regarding the development of meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhomayoun Atefi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Virtual School of Medical Education and Management, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Ghanaatpisheh
- Student Research Committee, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Ghasemi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hoda Haghshenas
- Student Research Committee, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Kimia Eyvani
- School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Arash Bakhshi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Esfandiari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Virtual School of Medical Education and Management, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cena Aram
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alia Saberi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Poursina Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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Lee KW, Yap SF, Amin-Nordin S, Ngeow YF. Cardiac and Neurological Complications Post COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review of Case Reports and Case Series. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:575. [PMID: 38932303 PMCID: PMC11209191 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12060575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Following mass vaccinations for the control of the COVID-19 epidemic, a spectrum of cardiac and neurological disorders was reported among vaccinated individuals. This study examined the range of complications documented and factors related to their occurrence. Three electronic databases were searched for case reports and case series with descriptions of cardiac and/or neurological complications in COVID-19 vaccine recipients. A total of 698 vaccinees were included in this review, of which 259 (37.1%) had cardiac and 439 (62.9%) had neurological complications. Inflammatory conditions were the commonest among the cardiac complications; while polyneuropathy, demyelinating diseases and cerebrovascular disorders were the more common neurological complications. The mean age of those with cardiac complications (33.8 years) was much younger than those with neurological complications (49.7 years). There was no notable difference in the gender distribution between these two groups of vaccine recipients. mRNA vaccines (all brands) were associated with almost 90.0% of the cardiac complications, whereas viral vector vaccines were associated with slightly over half (52.6%) of the neurological complications. With regard to the dose, cardiac complications were more common after the second (69.1%), whereas neurological complications were more common after the first dose (63.6%). The majority of the cases had an uncomplicated clinical course. Nevertheless, 5.9% of cases with neurological complications and 2.5% of those with cardiac complications were fatal, underscoring the significance of the consistent surveillance and vigilant monitoring of vaccinated individuals to mitigate these occurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wei Lee
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (K.W.L.); (S.A.-N.)
| | - Sook Fan Yap
- Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, M. Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang 43200, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Dr. Wu Lien-Teh Centre of Research in Communicable Diseases, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang 43200, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Syafinaz Amin-Nordin
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (K.W.L.); (S.A.-N.)
| | - Yun Fong Ngeow
- Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, M. Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang 43200, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Dr. Wu Lien-Teh Centre of Research in Communicable Diseases, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang 43200, Selangor, Malaysia
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Rai A, Ammi Z, Anes-Boulahbal DL, Assadi AA, Amrane A, Baaloudj O, Mouni L. Molecular Amplification and Cell Culturing Efficiency for Enteroviruses' Detection in Cerebrospinal Fluids of Algerian Patients Suffering from Meningitis. Viruses 2024; 16:170. [PMID: 38399946 PMCID: PMC10891896 DOI: 10.3390/v16020170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Enteroviruses (EVs) represent a major cause of viral meningitis, being responsible for nearly 1 billion infections each year worldwide. Several techniques were developed to obtain better diagnostic results of EV infections. Herein, we evaluated the efficiency of EV detection through isolation on both Rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) and Vero cell line cultures, conventional reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time RT-PCR. Thus, 50 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples belonging to patients suspected to have viral meningitis in northern Algeria were collected, anonymously numbered from 1 to 50 and subjected to the above-mentioned techniques for EV detection. Using real-time RT-PCR, 34 CSF samples were revealed to be positive for viral origin of meningitis (68%). Thirteen of them were positive when the conventional RT-PCR was used (26%), and only three samples gave positive results when the cell culture technique was used (6%). Surprisingly, two cell culture-positive CSF samples, namely, 31 and 39, were negative using RT-PCR directly on the original samples. However, they turned to be positive when amplification was carried out on their corresponding cell culture supernatant. The cell-cultured viral isolates were then identified by sequencing their viral genome's VP1 regions. All of them were revealed to belong to the echovirus 27 strain. This investigation demonstrates that RT-PCR techniques are often more sensitive, accurate and much faster, providing reliable results within a clinically acceptable timeframe. However, viral isolation on cell cultures remains crucial to obtain enough viral load for serological tests or even to avoid the rare, but existing, false negative PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelwahab Rai
- Laboratoire de Gestion et Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles et Assurance Qualité, Faculté SNVST, Université de Bouira, Bouira 10000, Algeria;
| | - Zohra Ammi
- Faculté SNVST, Université de Bouira, Bouira 10000, Algeria;
| | - Dahbia Leila Anes-Boulahbal
- Laboratoire des Entérovirus, Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur d’Alger, Annexe de Sidi-Fredj, Alger 16000, Algeria;
| | - Aymen Amin Assadi
- College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, IMSIU, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia;
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, University Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France;
| | - Abdeltif Amrane
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, University Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France;
| | - Oussama Baaloudj
- Laboratory of Reaction Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Process Engineering, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene, BP 32, Algiers 16111, Algeria;
| | - Lotfi Mouni
- Laboratoire de Gestion et Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles et Assurance Qualité, Faculté SNVST, Université de Bouira, Bouira 10000, Algeria;
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Kato Y, Osada T, Araki N, Takahashi S. Aseptic Meningitis after BNT-162b2 COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Report and Literature Review. Keio J Med 2023; 72:102-105. [PMID: 37743529 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.2022-0034-cr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
We encountered a-27-year-old female patient who developed refractory severe headache and photophobia after the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Despite her prior history of migraine, we diagnosed COVID-19 vaccine-induced aseptic meningitis. Symptoms were significantly resolved after methylprednisolone therapy. On reviewing the literature, we could find only nine similar cases, with over half of them affecting women aged 20-40 years. Although uncommon, aseptic meningitis should be suspected in patients with persistent or delayed onset of headache following COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Kato
- Department of Neurology and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Osada
- Department of Neurology and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
| | | | - Shinichi Takahashi
- Department of Neurology and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
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Tokumasu K, Fujita-Yamashita M, Sunada N, Sakurada Y, Yamamoto K, Nakano Y, Matsuda Y, Otsuka Y, Hasegawa T, Hagiya H, Honda H, Otsuka F. Characteristics of Persistent Symptoms Manifested after SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: An Observational Retrospective Study in a Specialized Clinic for Vaccination-Related Adverse Events. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1661. [PMID: 38005993 PMCID: PMC10674662 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although many adverse reactions after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination have been reported, there have been few comprehensive studies on persistent symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics of patients with various persistent symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was performed for patients who visited a specialized clinic established at Okayama University Hospital to evaluate adverse events after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination during the period from April 2021 to March 2023. Results: Descriptive analysis was performed for 121 of 127 patients who visited the clinic during the study period, and separate analysis was performed for the other 6 patients who had serious complications, who required treatment with prednisolone, and who had persistent symptoms. The median [interquartile range] age of the patients was 48 years [31-64 years], and the patients included 44 males (36.4%) and 77 females (63.6%). The most frequent symptoms were sensory impairment (34 patients, 28.1%), general fatigue (30 patients, 24.8%), fever/low-grade fever (21 patients, 17.4%), and headache (21 patients, 17.4%). Serious complications included myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), sarcoidosis, aseptic meningitis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs), tendon adhesions, and idiopathic thrombocytopenia. Conclusions: Although causal relationships were not determined, 15 persistent symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination were characterized. All of the symptoms had onset from 12 hours to one week after vaccination, with 10 symptoms persisting for 6 months or longer. The most frequent symptom was sensory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Tokumasu
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (M.F.-Y.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (Y.N.); (Y.M.); (Y.O.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Manami Fujita-Yamashita
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (M.F.-Y.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (Y.N.); (Y.M.); (Y.O.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Naruhiko Sunada
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (M.F.-Y.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (Y.N.); (Y.M.); (Y.O.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Yasue Sakurada
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (M.F.-Y.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (Y.N.); (Y.M.); (Y.O.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Koichiro Yamamoto
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (M.F.-Y.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (Y.N.); (Y.M.); (Y.O.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Yasuhiro Nakano
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (M.F.-Y.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (Y.N.); (Y.M.); (Y.O.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Yui Matsuda
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (M.F.-Y.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (Y.N.); (Y.M.); (Y.O.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Yuki Otsuka
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (M.F.-Y.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (Y.N.); (Y.M.); (Y.O.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Toru Hasegawa
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (M.F.-Y.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (Y.N.); (Y.M.); (Y.O.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Hideharu Hagiya
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan;
| | - Hiroyuki Honda
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (M.F.-Y.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (Y.N.); (Y.M.); (Y.O.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Fumio Otsuka
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.T.); (M.F.-Y.); (N.S.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (Y.N.); (Y.M.); (Y.O.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan;
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Di Spirito F, D’Ambrosio F, Di Palo MP, Giordano F, Coppola N, Contaldo M. COVID-19 and Related Vaccinations in Children: Pathogenic Aspects of Oral Lesions. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:809. [PMID: 37238357 PMCID: PMC10217138 DOI: 10.3390/children10050809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Various clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infections and adverse reactions to COVID-19 vaccination have been described in children. The present narrative review aimed to collect and synthesize reported findings on oral lesions detected in SARS-CoV-2-positive subjects following COVID-19 EMA-authorized and WHO Emergency Use Listing-approved vaccine administration in the pediatric population to detail their clinical features and highlight possible pathogenic aspects of those lesions based on current evidence. Few and incomplete reports were retrieved from the literature, probably because most lesions belonged to a broad spectrum of systemic diseases and syndromes and were nonspecific or inaccurately described. The most common oral lesions in pediatric SARS-CoV-2-positive patients were erosive-ulcerative lesions and macules/petechiae, primarily erythematous. In the context of COVID-19 vaccination, oral adverse reactions were rare and typically presented as erosive-ulcerative lesions, with EM-like or unspecified patterns. Future studies should investigate oral lesions in SARS-CoV-2-positive subjects and after COVID-19 vaccination in the pediatric population, taking into account viral variants and newly developed vaccines. Deeper insight into oral lesions detectable in pediatric SARS-CoV-2-positive subjects and after COVID-19 vaccination may increase clinicians' ability to improve multidisciplinary pediatric oral and general care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Di Spirito
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (F.D.); (M.P.D.P.); (F.G.); (N.C.)
| | - Francesco D’Ambrosio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (F.D.); (M.P.D.P.); (F.G.); (N.C.)
| | - Maria Pia Di Palo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (F.D.); (M.P.D.P.); (F.G.); (N.C.)
| | - Francesco Giordano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (F.D.); (M.P.D.P.); (F.G.); (N.C.)
| | - Nicoletta Coppola
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (F.D.); (M.P.D.P.); (F.G.); (N.C.)
| | - Maria Contaldo
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialities, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
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Chen C, Chen C. New-onset inflammatory arthritis after COVID-19 vaccination: A systematic review. Int J Rheum Dis 2022; 26:267-277. [PMID: 36371629 PMCID: PMC9877737 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To analyze the clinical patterns of new-onset inflammatory arthritis after COVID-19 vaccination among patients without pre-existing rheumatic or autoimmune diseases. METHOD Case reports and series of new-onset inflammatory arthritis after COVID-19 vaccination were collected before April 2022. Clinical characteristics including diagnosis, age, gender, vaccine types, time interval between events, joint involvement (poly- or oligo-/monoarthritis), and laboratory data reflecting inflammatory status were sorted and P values between these parameters are calculated with independent sample Student's t test or 2 × 2 Fisher's exact test. RESULTS Among 39 cases with new-onset post-vaccination arthritis including 25 females and 13 males (1 unknown), the most common diagnosis is adult-onset Still's disease (AoSD, 10 cases), and the most common vaccine types are BNT162b2 (16 cases) and AZD-1222 (or ChAdOx1-nCoV19, 15 cases). Sub-analysis reveals that post-vaccination polyarthritis is more common among females (P = .016, by 2 × 2 Fisher's exact test, compared with male patients) and older patients (P = .006, by Student's t test). The C-reactive protein level is significantly higher in cases with post-vaccination inflammatory polyarthritis than oligoarthritis (P = .029), as well as in cases with AoSD than other causes of post-vaccination arthritis (P = .004). However, serum level of erythrocyte sedimentation rate in patients with post-vaccination AoSD are independent of other clinical variables in the analysis. CONCLUSION New-onset post-vaccination polyarthritis are more common in females and older patients. Although COVID-19 vaccines may lead to inflammatory arthritis, the benefits of vaccination substantially outweigh the potential risks of such serious adverse effects due to their rarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng‐Che Chen
- College of Chinese MedicineChina Medical UniversityTaichung CityTaiwan
| | - Chung‐Jen Chen
- Division of AllergyImmunology and Rheumatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung‐Ho Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan,Department of Traditional Chinese MedicineKaohsiung Medical University Chung‐Ho Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
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Tozinameran. REACTIONS WEEKLY 2022. [PMCID: PMC8933239 DOI: 10.1007/s40278-022-11953-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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