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Chambers ES, Cai W, Vivaldi G, Jolliffe DA, Perdek N, Li W, Faustini SE, Gibbons JM, Pade C, Richter AG, Coussens AK, Martineau AR. Influence of individuals' determinants including vaccine type on cellular and humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:87. [PMID: 38778017 PMCID: PMC11111746 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00878-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccine development targeting SARS-CoV-2 in 2020 was of critical importance in reducing COVID-19 severity and mortality. In the U.K. during the initial roll-out most individuals either received two doses of Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2) or the adenovirus-based vaccine from Oxford/AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1-nCoV-19). There are conflicting data as to the impact of age, sex and body habitus on cellular and humoral responses to vaccination, and most studies in this area have focused on determinants of mRNA vaccine immunogenicity. Here, we studied a cohort of participants in a population-based longitudinal study (COVIDENCE UK) to determine the influence of age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and pre-vaccination anti-Spike (anti-S) antibody status on vaccine-induced humoral and cellular immune responses to two doses of BNT162b2 or ChAdOx-n-CoV-19 vaccination. Younger age and pre-vaccination anti-S seropositivity were both associated with stronger antibody responses to vaccination. BNT162b2 generated higher neutralising and anti-S antibody titres to vaccination than ChAdOx1-nCoV-19, but cellular responses to the two vaccines were no different. Irrespective of vaccine type, increasing age was also associated with decreased frequency of cytokine double-positive CD4+T cells. Increasing BMI was associated with reduced frequency of SARS-CoV-2-specific TNF+CD8% T cells for both vaccines. Together, our findings demonstrate that increasing age and BMI are associated with attenuated cellular and humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Whilst both vaccines induced T cell responses, BNT162b2 induced significantly elevated humoral immune response as compared to ChAdOx-n-CoV-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma S Chambers
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK.
| | - Weigang Cai
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Giulia Vivaldi
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - David A Jolliffe
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Natalia Perdek
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Wenhao Li
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Sian E Faustini
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Joseph M Gibbons
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentristry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Corinna Pade
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentristry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Alex G Richter
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Anna K Coussens
- Infectious Diseases and Immune Defence Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Adrian R Martineau
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
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Hearst S, Palermo PM, Watts DM, Campbell K, Ivey R, Young C, Yarbrough W, Facundus E, Spears J, Mills S, McNeely KA, Ray P, Burnett GC, Bates GT, Bates JT. Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody in Mississippi White-Tailed Deer. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2024. [PMID: 38695836 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Early detection and monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 infections in animal populations living in close proximity to humans is crucial for preventing reverse zoonosis of new viral strains. Evidence accumulated has revealed widespread SARS-CoV-2 infection among white-tailed deer (WTD), (Odocoileus virginianus) populations in the United States except in the southeast region. Therefore, the objective was to conduct surveillance for evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among WTD in Mississippi. Materials and Methods: Blood, kidney tissues, and nasal swab samples were collected in 17 counties from hunter-harvested deer during 2021-2022 and 2022-2023.Samples of kidney tissue were collected to evaluate for detecting antibody as a possible alternative to blood that is not always available from dead WTD. Nasal swab samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA by a RT-PCR assay. Sera and kidney tissue samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 antibody by an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and sera by a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT80). Results: The results of testing sera and kidney homogenate samples provided the first evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among WTD in Mississippi. The infection rate during 2021-2022 was 67% (10/15) based on the detection of neutralizing antibody by the PRNT80 and 26%(16/62) based on the testing of kidney tissue homogenates by an ELISA, and viral RNA was detected in 25% (3/12) of nasal swab samples. In 2022 to 2023, neutralizing antibody was detected in 62% (28/45) of WTD serum samples. In contrast, antibodies were not detected in 220 kidney homogenates by an ELISA nor was viral RNA detected in 220 nasal swab samples. Evidence of WTD activity was common in urban areas during the survey. Conclusion: Overall, the findings documented the first SARS-CoV-2 infection among WTD in Mississippi and showed that WTD commonly inhabited urban areas as a possible source of acquiring infection from humans infected with this virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scoty Hearst
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mississippi College, Clinton, Mississippi, USA
| | - Pedro M Palermo
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Douglas M Watts
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Kamen Campbell
- Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks, Deer Program, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Ryan Ivey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mississippi College, Clinton, Mississippi, USA
| | - Caleb Young
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mississippi College, Clinton, Mississippi, USA
| | - William Yarbrough
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mississippi College, Clinton, Mississippi, USA
| | - Edward Facundus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mississippi College, Clinton, Mississippi, USA
| | - Jack Spears
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mississippi College, Clinton, Mississippi, USA
| | - Stephen Mills
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mississippi College, Clinton, Mississippi, USA
| | - Kaitlin A McNeely
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Priya Ray
- Summer Undergraduate Research Experience, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Grace C Burnett
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | | | - John T Bates
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Center for Immunology and Microbial Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
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Angeles-Martinez J, Monroy-Muñoz IE, Muñoz-Medina JE, Fernandes-Matano L, Salas-Lais ÁG, Hernández-Cueto MDLÁ, Bravo-Flores E, León-Juárez M, Santacruz-Tinoco CE, Montes-Herrera D. A Potential Association between Abdominal Obesity and the Efficacy of Humoral Immunity Induced by COVID-19 and by the AZD1222, Convidecia, BNT162b2, Sputnik V, and CoronaVac Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:88. [PMID: 38250901 PMCID: PMC10819553 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Abdominal obesity is highly prevalent in Mexico and has a poor prognosis in terms of the severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and low levels of antibodies induced by infection and vaccination. We evaluated the humoral immune response induced by COVID-19 and five different vaccination schedules in Mexican individuals with abdominal obesity and the effects of other variables. This prospective longitudinal cohort study included 2084 samples from 389 participants. The levels of anti-S1/S2 and anti-RBD IgG antibodies were measured at various time points after vaccination. A high prevalence of hospitalization and oxygen use was observed in individuals with abdominal obesity (AO) who had COVID-19 before vaccination; however, they also had high levels of anti-S1/S2 and anti-RBD-neutralizing IgG antibodies. The same was true for vaccination-induced antibody levels. However, their longevity was low. Interestingly, we did not observe significant differences in vaccine reactogenicity between abdominally obese and abdominally non-obese groups. Finally, individuals with a higher body mass index, older age, and previous COVID-19 had higher levels of antibodies induced by COVID-19 and vaccination. Therefore, it is important to evaluate other immunological and inflammatory factors to better understand the pathogenesis of COVID-19 in the presence of risk factors and to propose effective vaccination schedules for vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Angeles-Martinez
- Central Epidemiology Laboratory, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City 02990, Mexico; (Á.G.S.-L.); (M.D.L.Á.H.-C.)
| | - Irma Eloisa Monroy-Muñoz
- Reproductive and Perinatal Health Research Department, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City 11000, Mexico;
| | - José Esteban Muñoz-Medina
- Quality of Supplies and Specialized Laboratories Coordination, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City 07760, Mexico; (J.E.M.-M.); (L.F.-M.)
| | - Larissa Fernandes-Matano
- Quality of Supplies and Specialized Laboratories Coordination, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City 07760, Mexico; (J.E.M.-M.); (L.F.-M.)
| | - Ángel Gustavo Salas-Lais
- Central Epidemiology Laboratory, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City 02990, Mexico; (Á.G.S.-L.); (M.D.L.Á.H.-C.)
| | | | | | - Moisés León-Juárez
- Immunobiochemistry Department, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City 11000, Mexico;
| | | | - Daniel Montes-Herrera
- Central Epidemiology Laboratory, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City 02990, Mexico; (Á.G.S.-L.); (M.D.L.Á.H.-C.)
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Malavazos AE, Dubini C, Milani V, Boveri S, Meregalli C, Bertolini C, Buscemi C, Cardani R, Renna LV, Trevisan MB, Scravaglieri V, Cuppone MT, Menicanti L, Costa E, Ambrogi F, Ruocco C, Carruba M, Iacobellis G, Nisoli E, Corsi Romanelli MM. BNT162b2 Booster Dose Elicits a Robust Antibody Response in Subjects with Abdominal Obesity and Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1796. [PMID: 38140200 PMCID: PMC10747120 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11121796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the long-term durability of the induced immune response in subjects with obesity, particularly in those with an abdominal distribution of adipose tissue. We evaluated SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses after BNT162b2 vaccine booster dose, comparing individuals with and without abdominal obesity (AO), discerning between individuals previously infected or not. IgG-TrimericS were measured in 511 subjects at baseline, on the 21st day after vaccine dose 1, and at 1, 3, 6, and 9 months from dose 2, and at 1 and 3 months following the booster dose. To detect SARS-CoV-2 infection, nucleocapsid antibodies were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. Multivariable linear regression evaluated the three-month difference in the absolute variation in IgG-TrimericS levels from booster dose, showing AO and SARS-CoV-2 infection status interactions (p = 0.016). Regardless of possible confounding factors and IgG-TrimericS levels at the booster dose, AO is associated with a higher absolute change in IgG-TrimericS in prior infected individuals (p = 0.0125). In the same regression model, no interaction is highlighted using BMI (p = 0.418). The robust response in the development of antibodies after booster dose, observed in people with AO and previous infection, may support the recommendations to administer a booster dose in this population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Elias Malavazos
- Endocrinology Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Prevention Service, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy (C.M.)
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Carola Dubini
- Endocrinology Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Prevention Service, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy (C.M.)
| | - Valentina Milani
- Laboratory of Biostatistics and Data Management, Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Boveri
- Laboratory of Biostatistics and Data Management, Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Meregalli
- Endocrinology Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Prevention Service, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy (C.M.)
| | | | - Carola Buscemi
- Unit of Internal Medicine, V. Cervello Hospital, 90146 Palermo, Italy
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Childhood, Internal and Specialized Medicine of Excellence (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosanna Cardani
- Biobank BioCor, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy (L.V.R.)
| | - Laura Valentina Renna
- Biobank BioCor, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy (L.V.R.)
| | - Manuel Bruno Trevisan
- Endocrinology Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Prevention Service, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy (C.M.)
| | - Valentina Scravaglieri
- Endocrinology Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Prevention Service, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy (C.M.)
| | - Maria Teresa Cuppone
- Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Menicanti
- Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Costa
- Service of Laboratory Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Ambrogi
- Laboratory of Biostatistics and Data Management, Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Ruocco
- Centre for Study and Research on Obesity, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy; (C.R.); (E.N.)
| | - Michele Carruba
- Centre for Study and Research on Obesity, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy; (C.R.); (E.N.)
| | - Gianluca Iacobellis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Enzo Nisoli
- Centre for Study and Research on Obesity, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy; (C.R.); (E.N.)
| | - Massimiliano Marco Corsi Romanelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 00133 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, 20100 Milan, Italy
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Walory J, Ksiazek I, Karynski M, Baraniak A. Twenty-Month Monitoring of Humoral Immune Response to BNT162b2 Vaccine: Antibody Kinetics, Breakthrough Infections, and Adverse Effects. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1578. [PMID: 37896981 PMCID: PMC10611136 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11101578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination is one of the most effective life-saving medical interventions, and the introduction of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines was intended to prevent the serious implications of COVID-19. The objectives of the study were (i) to observe the humoral immune response to the BNT162b2 vaccine and SARS-CoV-2 infection (mainly breakthrough infections), (ii) to demonstrate the persistence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies over time in relation to the number of received vaccine doses and the course of infection, and (iii) to determine the adverse effects after primary vaccine doses. METHODS To assess the humoral response, IgG and IgA anti-S1 antibodies were quantified by ELISA assays. In total, the tests were carried out seven times in almost two years. RESULTS We demonstrated strong immunogenicity (compared to levels before primary vaccination, 150- and 20-fold increases in IgG and IgA, respectively) of the BNT162b2 vaccine. Over time, we observed a systematic decline in antibody levels, which may have contributed to breakthrough infections. Although they caused seroconversion similar to the booster, antibody levels in such patients fell more rapidly than after re-vaccination. On the other hand, in individuals who did not receive booster(s) and who did not present breakthrough infection, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies returned to pre-vaccination levels after 20 months. The most commonly recognized adverse effects were injection site redness and swelling. CONCLUSION Vaccination is highly effective in preventing the most severe outcomes of COVID-19 and should be performed regardless of prior infection. Booster doses significantly enhance anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels and, in contrast to those obtained by breakthrough infection, they remain longer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslaw Walory
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Medicines Institute, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iza Ksiazek
- Department of Biochemistry and Biopharmaceuticals, National Medicines Institute, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Michal Karynski
- Department of Falsified Medicines and Medical Devices, National Medicines Institute, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Baraniak
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Medicines Institute, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland
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6
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Plasencia-Rodríguez C, Martínez-Feito A, Hernández M, Del Pino-Molina L, Novella-Navarro M, Serrano Y, González-Muñoz M, Peiteado D, Bonilla G, Monjo I, Nuño L, Tornero C, López-Granados E, Balsa A, Nozal P. Immune response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with inflammatory immune-mediated diseases receiving immunosuppressive treatment. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 19:71. [PMID: 37598192 PMCID: PMC10439605 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-023-00832-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Real world data on the response to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in patients with immunomediated diseases (IMIDs) treated with immunesuppressants is of great interest because vaccine response may be impaired. The main aim was to study the humoral and cellular immune response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with IMIDs treated with immunosuppressants. The secondary aim was to describe the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 infections after vaccination in these patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS This is an observational study including 86 patients with IMIDs. All patients were treated with biologic or targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs [b/tsDMARDs: TNF inhibitors (TNFi), rituximab, anti-interleukin 6 receptor (anti-IL6R) or JAK inhibitors (JAKi)]. Demographic and clinical information were collected. After 4-6 weeks of 2nd and 3rd vaccine doses, humoral response was assessed using the Thermo Scientific ELiA SARS-CoV-2-Sp1 IgG Test. Also, in patients with serum SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels under 100UI/ml, cellular response was analyzed using the QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2 Starter Pack. RESULTS A total of 86 patients under b/tsDMARDs and 38 healthy controls were included. Most patients received TNFi (45 with TNFi, 31 with rituximab, 5 with anti-IL6R and 5 with JAKi). SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (Ab) were present in an 86% of patients with IMIDs and in 100% healthy controls (p = 0.017). However, 12 (14%) patients had undetectable SARS-CoV-2 Ab levels, all treated with rituximab. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 Ab (IU/ml) were statistically lower in patients (Mdn (IQR): 59.5 (17-163) in patients vs 625 (405-932) in controls, p < 0.001). Patients treated with rituximab had lower Ab levels than those treated with TNFi and controls (p < 0.001). The cellular response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was evaluated in 30 patients. Eleven patients had a positive cellular response, being more frequent in patients treated with rituximab (p = 0.03). SARS-CoV-2 infection was reported in 43% of patients and 34% of controls after vaccination. Only 6 (7%) patients required hospitalization, most of whom treated with rituximab (67%). CONCLUSION SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels were lower in patients than in controls, especially in patients treated with rituximab. A cellular response can be detected despite having a poor humoral response. Severe infections in vaccinated patients with IMIDs are rare, and are observed mainly in patients treated with rituximab.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lucia Del Pino-Molina
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, ISCIII (CIBERER U767), Madrid, Spain
- Lymphocyte Pathophysiology in Immunodeficiencies Group, La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPaz), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Novella-Navarro
- Rheumatology Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Serrano
- Lymphocyte Pathophysiology in Immunodeficiencies Group, La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPaz), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Diana Peiteado
- Rheumatology Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Bonilla
- Rheumatology Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Monjo
- Rheumatology Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Nuño
- Rheumatology Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Tornero
- Rheumatology Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo López-Granados
- Immunology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, ISCIII (CIBERER U767), Madrid, Spain
- Lymphocyte Pathophysiology in Immunodeficiencies Group, La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPaz), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Balsa
- Rheumatology Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Nozal
- Immunology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, ISCIII (CIBERER U754), Madrid, Spain
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7
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Warpechowski J, Leszczyńska P, Juchnicka D, Olichwier A, Szczerbiński Ł, Krętowski AJ. Assessment of the Immune Response in Patients with Insulin Resistance, Obesity, and Diabetes to COVID-19 Vaccination. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1203. [PMID: 37515018 PMCID: PMC10383449 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11071203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-19 pandemic overwhelmed multiple healthcare systems across the world. Patients with underlying medical conditions such as obesity or diabetes were particularly vulnerable, had more severe symptoms, and were more frequently hospitalized. To date, there have been many studies on the severity of SARS-CoV-2 in patients with metabolic disorders, but data on the efficiency of vaccines against COVID-19 are still limited. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in individuals with diabetes, insulin resistance, and obesity. A comparison is made between the immune response after vaccination in patients with and without metabolic comorbidities. Additionally, an attempt is made to highlight the mechanisms of immune stimulation affected by SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and how metabolic comorbidities modulate these mechanisms. The focus is on the most common COVID-19 vaccines, which include mRNA vaccines such as Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna, as well as viral vector vaccines such as AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson. Furthermore, an effort is made to clarify how the functional differences between these vaccines may impact the response in individuals with metabolic disorders, drawing from available experimental data. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the post-vaccination response to COVID-19 in the context of metabolic comorbidities such as diabetes, insulin resistance, and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jędrzej Warpechowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Paula Leszczyńska
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Dominika Juchnicka
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Adam Olichwier
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Łukasz Szczerbiński
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Adam Jacek Krętowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
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8
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Karakoc ZC, Tascioglu D, Ediz B, Caglan M, Hancer VS, Tugrul TS, Simsek BP. Antibody Response to COVID-19 Vaccines in Healthcare Workers: Which One is More Successful? Homologous or Heterologous? SISLI ETFAL HASTANESI TIP BULTENI 2023; 57:216-223. [PMID: 37899804 PMCID: PMC10600628 DOI: 10.14744/semb.2023.48264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Objectives We aimed to determine the antibody levels created by COVID-19 vaccination in healthcare workers and the factors affecting the antibody response. Methods Our research is a single-center, observational study that was prospectively designed and retrospectively analyzed at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, and included 103 healthcare workers who received the three-dose regimen of COVID-19 vaccine. In accordance with the recommendations of the Ministry of Health of Turkey, the first two doses of CoronaVac vaccine were administered routinely, while the booster dose was given as BioNTech or CoronaVac (heterologous or homologous vaccination) depending on the preference of the volunteers. Antibody titers against the SARS-CoV-2 were measured in all individuals at different time points (1 month after the second dose of CoronaVac, before the booster dose [BioNTech or CoronaVac] at the fifth month and one month after the booster dose) with AESKULISA® SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG (AESKU DIAGNOSTICS, Wendelsheim, Germany). Results The mean age was 39.98±11.31 years, 62.1% of whom were women and 54.4% of them were accompanied by comorbid disease. After two doses of CoronaVac, the antibody titer averaged 49.50±33.15 U/mL in the 1st month (antibody seropositivity 86%) and the antibody titer decreased 24.01±33.48 U/mL (antibody seropositivity 49.5%) at 5th month. The mean antibody titer was found 59.73±60.20 U/ml in those who received the booster dose of homologous and 185.07±46.28 U/mL in those who were heterologous (p<0.001). Antibody levels were detected significantly lower after the booster dose of vaccination in patients with comorbidities (p<0.05). Conclusion Our study, which reflects the data within the scope of the Turkey Ministry of Health's COVID-19 vaccination program determined that the antibody response after heterologous vaccination is better than in homologous vaccination. Antibody titer level in the 5th month was 50% waned after two doses of inactivated vaccination. It was also shown that factors such as gender, age, body mass index, and smoking did not create a statistically significant difference in homologous and heterologous vaccination, but after the booster dose antibody levels decreased significantly in those with comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Cagla Karakoc
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Didem Tascioglu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Bulent Ediz
- Department of Biostatistics, Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Musa Caglan
- Department of Chemisty, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Türkiye
| | - Veysel Sabri Hancer
- Department of Medical Biology, Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Tolga Simru Tugrul
- Department of Anestesiology and Reanimation, Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Binnur Pinarbasi Simsek
- Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
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9
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Gaborit B, Fernandes S, Loubet P, Ninove L, Dutour A, Cariou B, Coupaye M, Clement K, Czernichow S, Carette C, Resseguier N, Esterle L, Kali S, Houssays M, de Lamballerie X, Wittkop L, Launay O, Laville M. Early humoral response to COVID-19 vaccination in patients living with obesity and diabetes in France. The COVPOP OBEDIAB study with results from the ANRS0001S COV-POPART cohort. Metabolism 2023; 142:155412. [PMID: 36731720 PMCID: PMC9886395 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes and obesity are populations at high-risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes and have shown blunted immune responses when administered different vaccines. Here we used the 'ANRS0001S COV-POPART' French nationwide multicenter prospective cohort to investigate early humoral response to COVID-19 vaccination in the sub-cohort ('COVPOP OBEDIAB') of patients with obesity and diabetes. METHODS Patients with diabetes (n = 390, type 1 or 2) or obesity (n = 357) who had received two vaccine doses and had no history of previous COVID-19 infection and negative anti-nucleocapsid (NCP) antibodies were included and compared against healthy subjects (n = 573). Humoral response was assessed at baseline, at one month post-first dose (M0) and one-month post-second dose (M1), through percentage of responders (positive anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies (Sabs), geometric means of Sabs; BAU/mL), proportion of individuals with anti-RBD antibodies, and proportion of individuals with anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibodies (Nabs). Potential clinical and biological factors associated with weak response (defined as Sabs < 264 BAU/mL) and presence of non-reactive anti-RBD antibodies at M1 were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate regressions were performed to estimate crude and adjusted coefficients with 95 % confidence intervals. Poor glycemic control was defined as HbA1c ≥ 7.5 % at inclusion. RESULTS Patients with diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes, and patients with obesity were less likely to have positive Sabs and anti-RBD antibodies after the first and second dose compared to controls (p < 0.001). At M1, we found Sabs seroconversion in 94.1 % of patients with diabetes versus 99.7 % in controls, anti-RBD seroconversion in 93.8 % of patients with diabetes versus 99.1 % in controls, and Nabs seroconversion in 95.7 % of patients with diabetes versus 99.6 % in controls (all p < 0.0001). Sabs and anti-RBD seroconversion at M0 and M1 were also significantly lower in obese patients than controls, at respectively 82.1 % versus 89.9 % (p = 0.001; M0 Sabs), 94.4 % versus 99.7 % (p 0.001; M1 Sabs), 79.0 % vs 86.2 % (p = 0.004 M0 anti-RBD), and 96.99 % vs 99.1 % (p = 0.012 M1 anti-RBD). The factors associated with low vaccine response (BAU < 264/mL) in patients with diabetes were chronic kidney disease (adjusted OR = 6.88 [1.77;26.77], p = 0.005) and poor glycemic control (adjusted OR = 3.92 [1.26;12.14], p = 0.018). In addition, BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2 was found to be associated with a higher vaccine response (adjusted OR = 0.10 [0.01;0.91], p = 0.040) than patients with BMI < 40 kg/m2. CONCLUSION COVID-19 vaccine humoral response was lower in patients with obesity and diabetes one month after second dose compared to controls, especially in diabetic patients with CKD or inadequate glycemic control. These findings point to the need for post-vaccination serological checks in these high-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte Gaborit
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Marseille, France; Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition-ENDO platform, APHM, Marseille, France.
| | - Sara Fernandes
- Support Unit for Clinical Research and Economic Evaluation, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13385 Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Univ, EA 3279 CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Marseille, France
| | - Paul Loubet
- Inserm, F-CRIN, Innovative Clinical Research in Vaccinology Network (I REIVAC), Paris, France; Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France; INSERM U1047 - Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Laetitia Ninove
- Unite des Virus Emergents, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement 190, Inserm 1207, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Dutour
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Marseille, France; Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition-ENDO platform, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Bertrand Cariou
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Institut du Thorax, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Muriel Coupaye
- Service des Explorations Fonctionnelles, Centre Intégré de Prise en Charge de l'Obésité (CINFO), Hôpital Louis Mourier (AP-HP), 92700 Colombes, France
| | - Karine Clement
- Department of Nutrition, Pitie-Salpetrière Hospital (AP-HP), Sorbonne University, CRNH-Ile-de-France, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Czernichow
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Nutrition, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Centre Spécialisé Obésité Ile-de-France Sud, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Claire Carette
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Nutrition, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Centre Spécialisé Obésité Ile-de-France Sud, 75015 Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Centre d'Investigation Clinique INSERM 1418, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Noémie Resseguier
- Support Unit for Clinical Research and Economic Evaluation, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13385 Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Univ, EA 3279 CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Marseille, France
| | - Laure Esterle
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, MART, UMS 54, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Marie Houssays
- Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Medical Evaluation Department, CIC-CPCET, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Xavier de Lamballerie
- Unite des Virus Emergents, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement 190, Inserm 1207, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Linda Wittkop
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, MART, UMS 54, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Inria Equipe SISTM, Talence, France; CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Information Médicale, INSERM, Institut Bergonié, CIC-EC 1401, Bordeaux, France
| | - Odile Launay
- Inserm, F-CRIN, Innovative Clinical Research in Vaccinology Network (I REIVAC), Paris, France; Université Paris Cité; Inserm CIC 1417; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre d'investigation clinique Cochin Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Martine Laville
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm, Inrae, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Oullins, France; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Cens, Fcrin/force Network, Pierre-Bénite, France
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10
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Erdem MG, Unlu O, Demirci M. A Longitudinal Study in Turkiye of Host Ability to Produce Antibodies following a Third Homologous BNT162b2 Vaccination. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11040716. [PMID: 37112628 PMCID: PMC10147003 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11040716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a multifaceted, complex condition that has negative impacts on one's health. There are conflicting reports regarding the COVID-19 vaccine's ability to induce antibody formation in obese people. Our study aimed to determine anti-S-RBD IgG and surrogate neutralizing antibody (snAb) levels before and after the third Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) vaccination (at 15, 60, 90, and 120 days) in normal-weight adults, overweight, and obese individuals without any comorbidity or previous SARS-CoV-2 infection history, but it did not evaluate the response to the first two doses. In this longitudinal prospective study in Istanbul, Turkey, a total of 323 consecutive adult individuals (141 normal weight, 108 overweight, and 74 patients with obesity) were included. Peripheral blood samples were collected. Anti-S-RBD IgG and surrogate neutralizing antibody levels were detected using the ELISA method. After the third dose of BNT162b2 vaccination, obese patients had significantly lower levels of snAb against SARS-CoV-2 compared with normal-weight controls, but the levels otherwise did not differ between the study groups. Across all individuals in our cohort, titers peaked about a month after this third vaccination and then gradually faded. Anti-S-RBD IgG and snAb IH% levels against SARS-CoV-2 were not correlated with IL-6 and TNF-α levels. In conclusion, anti-S-RBD IgG titers and snAb IH% levels against SARS-CoV-2 were determined longitudinally for 120 days after the third homologous BNT162b2 vaccination. Although there were no significant differences in anti-S-RBD IgG, we found significant differences in the snAb IH% levels against SARS-CoV-2 between obese and healthy control subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Genco Erdem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Beykent University, Istanbul 34398, Turkey
| | - Ozge Unlu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul 34403, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Demirci
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kirklareli University, Kirklareli 39100, Turkey
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11
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Albanesi B, Godono A, Comoretto RI, Casabona E, Curoso G, Leone MV, Milanesio N, Mirra I, Montrucchio G, Pittaluga F, Cavallo R, Clari M, Ciocan C. Immune Response of a Heterologous mRNA-1273 Second-Dose Immunization after a First Dose of ChadOx1 against SARS-CoV-2: A Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081241. [PMID: 36016129 PMCID: PMC9416710 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterologous vaccination regimens could contribute to broadening vaccination coverage. To date, there is little evidence on the effectiveness of a combination of adenoviral COVID-19 vaccines with a second dose of mRNA vaccines. This study aims to evaluate the antibody response to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein 25 weeks after vaccination with mRNA-1273 after a first dose of ChAdOx1. A cross-sectional study was conducted collecting sociodemographic data, clinical characteristics, and serological data from among the general population. Antibody levels were expressed as binding antibody units (BAU) per mL (cutoff = 33.8 BAU/mL). Linear regression models were used to assess the relationship between the subjects’ characteristics and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels. A total of 229 participants were followed up after a median time of 173 days. The overall anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody titer was 729.0 BAU/mL. The multivariable analysis showed that the only factor associated with anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels was the BMI (p = 0.007), with decreases within the healthy range weight and increases in under- or overweight people. Our results support the use of heterologous COVID-19 vaccination regimens, as they can guarantee a sustained immune antibody response. More studies are needed to understand the link between BMI and body composition and the immune response to COVID-19 vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Albanesi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (B.A.); (A.G.); (R.I.C.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.V.L.); (N.M.); (I.M.); (G.M.); (R.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Alessandro Godono
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (B.A.); (A.G.); (R.I.C.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.V.L.); (N.M.); (I.M.); (G.M.); (R.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Rosanna Irene Comoretto
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (B.A.); (A.G.); (R.I.C.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.V.L.); (N.M.); (I.M.); (G.M.); (R.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Elena Casabona
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (B.A.); (A.G.); (R.I.C.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.V.L.); (N.M.); (I.M.); (G.M.); (R.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Giuliano Curoso
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (B.A.); (A.G.); (R.I.C.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.V.L.); (N.M.); (I.M.); (G.M.); (R.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Massimiliano Victor Leone
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (B.A.); (A.G.); (R.I.C.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.V.L.); (N.M.); (I.M.); (G.M.); (R.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Nicolò Milanesio
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (B.A.); (A.G.); (R.I.C.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.V.L.); (N.M.); (I.M.); (G.M.); (R.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Ilenia Mirra
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (B.A.); (A.G.); (R.I.C.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.V.L.); (N.M.); (I.M.); (G.M.); (R.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Giulia Montrucchio
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (B.A.); (A.G.); (R.I.C.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.V.L.); (N.M.); (I.M.); (G.M.); (R.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Fabrizia Pittaluga
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino University Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Rossana Cavallo
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (B.A.); (A.G.); (R.I.C.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.V.L.); (N.M.); (I.M.); (G.M.); (R.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Marco Clari
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (B.A.); (A.G.); (R.I.C.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.V.L.); (N.M.); (I.M.); (G.M.); (R.C.); (C.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-6705831
| | - Catalina Ciocan
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (B.A.); (A.G.); (R.I.C.); (E.C.); (G.C.); (M.V.L.); (N.M.); (I.M.); (G.M.); (R.C.); (C.C.)
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12
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Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines in People with Severe Obesity. Obes Surg 2022; 32:2987-2993. [PMID: 35802279 PMCID: PMC9263798 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-022-06181-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Obesity is a disease complicating the course of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 vaccine effectiveness in adults with obesity may be compromised. Our aim is to investigate the spike-protein receptor-binding domain antibody titers against BNT162b2 mRNA and inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (CoronaVac) vaccines in people with severe obesity. It is anticipated that the results to be obtained may provide invaluable information about future SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategies in this vulnerable population. METHODS A total of 124 consecutive patients with severe obesity (age > 18 years, BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2) presenting between August and November 2021 were enrolled. The normal weight control group (age > 18, BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) was recruited from 166 subjects who visited the vaccination unit. SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein antibody titers were measured in patients with severe obesity and in normal weight controls who received two doses of BNT162b2, or CoronaVac vaccines. SARS-CoV-2 IgG Nucleocapsid Protein antibody (NCP Ab) testing was performed to discover prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Blood samples were taken from individuals at 4th week and after 2nd dose of vaccination. SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody titers were determined by quantitative serological methods. RESULTS A total of 290 individuals (220 female, 70 male) who have received two doses of BNT162b2 or CoronaVac vaccines were enrolled in the study. Seventy had prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. In 220 subjects (non-prior infection) vaccinated with BNT162b2 or CoronaVac, the antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen of patients with severe obesity were significantly lower than normal weight controls (p = 0.001, p = 0.001 respectively). In seventy subjects with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, spike antigen antibody titers in patients with severe obesity, vaccinated with BNT162b2 or CoronaVac, were not significantly different from normal weight controls (p = 0.1, p = 0.1 respectively). In patients with severe obesity, with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, spike antigen antibody levels of those vaccinated with BNT162b2 were found to be significantly higher than those vaccinated with CoronaVac (p = 0.043, p < 0.001 respectively). CONCLUSION Patients with severe obesity generated significantly reduced antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen after CoronaVac and BNT162b2 vaccines compared to people with normal weight. Antibody levels in patients with severe obesity vaccinated with BNT162b2 were found to be significantly higher than those vaccinated with CoronaVac. People living with severe obesity should be prioritized for COVID-19 vaccination and BNT162b2 vaccine may be recommended for this vulnerable population.
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Hassan R, Mohammed S. Impact of previous infection and body mass index on interferon-gamma and immunoglobulin G level generated against three types of vaccines available in Iraq. BIOMEDICAL AND BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH JOURNAL (BBRJ) 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_291_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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