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Luo L, Sun G, Guo E, Xu H, Wang Z. Impact of COVID-19 on football attacking players' match technical performance: a longitudinal study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6057. [PMID: 38480764 PMCID: PMC10937722 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56678-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined the impact of COVID-19 on 28 indicators of match technical performance (MTP) for football attacking players upon their return to play. Analyzing data from 100 players in the Big Five European football leagues, covering 1500 matches each before and after COVID-19 over 3 years (2020-2023), revealed significant differences in 76% of players' MTP indicators. Notably, 14 indicators, particularly the five indicators linked to scoring, significantly decreased post-COVID-19. On average, players needed 3.09 matches to regain pre-infection MTP levels. The impact varied across player groups, with those in the elite group showing a milder effect; they required an average of 2.64 matches for recovery, compared to the control group's 3.55 matches. We found that, with increasing age, the majority of players' MTP indicators did not exhibit significant changes, both before and after they contracted COVID-19. In conclusion, the study highlighted the negative impact of COVID-19 on football attacking players' MTP. Players in the elite group experienced fewer adverse effects than those in the control group. This insight assisted coaches and managers in evaluating the impact of COVID-19 and similar virus-induced illnesses on players' MTP, enabling them to formulate training regimens for recovery and specific match tactics upon players' return to play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Luo
- College of Humanities and Law, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Sun
- College of Humanities and Law, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Enkai Guo
- College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hanbing Xu
- College of P. E and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohong Wang
- College of P. E and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
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Khan NA, El-Menyar A, Asim M, Abdurahiman S, Al Musleh AA, Al-Thani H. Academic and healthcare efforts from Cessation to complete resumption of professional football tournaments during COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22519. [PMID: 38046158 PMCID: PMC10686895 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus led to over 626 million infections and 6.5 million deaths worldwide and forced to cancel or postpone several sporting events. Effective control techniques are therefore urgently required to avoid COVID-19 spread at these local and global events. This narrative review addressed the healthcare and research efforts on the intersections between COVID-19 and major professional sports leagues worldwide, with special reference to the FIFA World Cup football 2022. This explained how the broader transformation of COVID-19 from being a potential risk to an urgent pandemic public health emergency, caused the world of Football to halt between February and March 2020. This review could add to the growing literature on the importance of scientific research in understanding the relationship between mass sports events and COVID-19 trajectory, concerning studies conducted globally and particularly for the recommencement of major professional football competitions. The information outlined in the article may help sports organizations understand the risks associated with sports and their settings and improve their preparedness for future events under unprecedented circumstances. There were tremendous global healthcare and research efforts to deal with this unprecedented pandemic. The successful FIFA World Cup football tournament was an indicator of the success of these efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naushad Ahmad Khan
- Department of Surgery, Trauma &Vascular Surgery, Clinical Research, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayman El-Menyar
- Department of Surgery, Trauma &Vascular Surgery, Clinical Research, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammad Asim
- Department of Surgery, Trauma &Vascular Surgery, Clinical Research, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sameer Abdurahiman
- Clinical Information Systems (CIS), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Hassan Al-Thani
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
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Lee JW, Song S, Kim Y, Park SB, Han DH. Soccer's AI transformation: deep learning's analysis of soccer's pandemic research evolution. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1244404. [PMID: 37908810 PMCID: PMC10613686 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1244404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This paper aims to identify and compare changes in trends and research interests in soccer articles from before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We compared research interests and trends in soccer-related journal articles published before COVID-19 (2018-2020) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021-2022) using Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) topic modeling. Results In both periods, we categorized the social sciences into psychology, sociology, business, and technology, with some interdisciplinary research topics identified, and we identified changes during the COVID-19 pandemic period, including a new approach to home advantage. Furthermore, Sports science and sports medicine had a vast array of subject areas and topics, but some similar themes emerged in both periods and found changes before and during COVID-19. These changes can be broadly categorized into (a) Social Sciences and Technology; (b) Performance training approaches; (c) injury part of body. With training topics being more prominent than match performance during the pandemic; and changes within injuries, with the lower limbs becoming more prominent than the head during the pandemic. Conclusion Now that the pandemic has ended, soccer environments and routines have returned to pre-pandemic levels, but the environment that have changed during the pandemic provide an opportunity for researchers and practitioners in the field of soccer to detect post-pandemic changes and identify trends and future directions for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jea Woog Lee
- Intelligent Information Processing Lab, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Song
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - YoungBin Kim
- Graduate School of Advanced Imaging Science, Multimedia and Film, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Bo Park
- Graduate School of Sports Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Doug Hyun Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Papagiannis D, Perlepe G, Tendolouri T, Karakitsiou P, Damagka G, Kalaitzi A, Alevra S, Malli F, Gourgoulianis KI. Proportion of Respiratory Syncytial Virus, SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A/B, and Adenovirus Cases via Rapid Tests in the Community during Winter 2023-A Cross Sectional Study. Diseases 2023; 11:122. [PMID: 37754318 PMCID: PMC10529898 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11030122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory infections constitute a major reason for infants and children seeking medical advice and visiting health facilities, thus remaining a significant public threat with high morbidity and mortality. The predominant viruses causing viral respiratory infections are influenza A and B viruses (Flu-A, Flu-B), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus and coronaviruses. We aimed to record the proportion of RSV, SARS-CoV-2, influenza A/B and adenovirus cases with rapid antigen tests and validate the results with RT-PCR assays of upper respiratory specimens with a wide range of viral loads and (co)-infection patterns in children. Clinical samples were collected from early symptomatic children (presenting with fever and/or cough and/or headache within 5-7 days). The surveillance program was conducted in five private pediatric dispensaries and one pediatric care unit, from 10 January 2023 to 30 March 2023 in central Greece. The total sample of specimens collected was 784 young children and infants, of which 383 (48.8%) were female and 401 were male (51.2%). The mean age of participants was 7.3 + 5.5 years. The sensitivity of the FLU A & B test was 91.15% (95% CI: 84.33-95.67%), and the specificity was 98.96% (95% CI: 97.86-99.58%). The sensitivity and specificity of the adenovirus and RSV test was {92.45% (95% CI: 81.79-97.91%), 99.32% (95% CI: 98.41-99.78%)} and {92.59% (95% CI: 75.71-99.09%), 99.47% (95% CI: 98.65-99.86%)} respectively. Lastly, the sensitivity of the SARS-CoV-2 test was 100.00% (95% CI: 79.41-100.00%) and the specificity was 99.74% (95% CI: 99.06-99.97%). We recorded a proportion of 14.3% and 3.44% for influenza A and B, respectively, followed by a proportion of 6.9% for adenovirus, a proportion of 3.7% for RSV, and finally, a proportion of 2.3% for SARS-CoV-2. The combination of a new multiple rapid test with multiple antigens will probably be a useful tool with a financial impact for health systems targeting the early detection and appropriate treatment of respiratory infections in emergency departments in primary health care facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Papagiannis
- Public Health & Vaccines Laboratory, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Garifallia Perlepe
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (G.P.); (K.I.G.)
| | - Theodora Tendolouri
- MD Private Sector of Greek Health System, Kanouta 1 Str. Trikala Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece;
| | - Polyxeni Karakitsiou
- MD Private Sector of Greek Health System, Annas Komninis 1-3 Str. Trikala Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece;
| | - Georgia Damagka
- MD Private Sector of Greek Health System, Lefkosias Str. 3 Larissa Thessaly, 41335 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Anna Kalaitzi
- Pediatric Department, General Hospital of Larissa, Tsakalof 1 Str. Larissa Thessaly, 41221 Larissa, Greece; (A.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Sofia Alevra
- Pediatric Department, General Hospital of Larissa, Tsakalof 1 Str. Larissa Thessaly, 41221 Larissa, Greece; (A.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Foteini Malli
- Respiratory Disorders Laboratory, Department of Nursing, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (G.P.); (K.I.G.)
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Nincevic J, Jurcev-Savicevic A, Versic S, Modric T, Turic A, Bandalovic A, Becir B, Mijakovic M, Bocina I, Sekulic D. How Different Predominant SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Affected Clinical Patterns and Performances of Infected Professional Players during Two Soccer Seasons: An Observational Study from Split, Croatia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1950. [PMID: 36767314 PMCID: PMC9916097 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
There are limited data describing clinical patterns and match running performance (MRP) among players with COVID-19 infection before and after infection, particularly related to different predominant SARS-CoV-2 variants, as well as in comparison to uninfected players. This observational study was conducted during two consecutive soccer seasons in one professional club in Split, Croatia. There were four clusters of mild, self-limited, or asymptomatic infection characterised by low adherence to preventive measures. Infected players had significantly more symptoms (t-test = 3.24; p = 0.002), a longer period of physical inactivity (χ2 = 10.000; p = 0.006) and a longer period of self-assessment for achieving full fitness (χ2 = 6.744; p = 0.034) in the 2020-2021 season (Wuhan wild strain and Alpha variant) than in the 2021-2022 season (Omicron variant). It was also found that, despite the milder clinical presentation of the infection in the 2021-2022 season, the players had significantly more abnormal laboratory findings (χ2 = 9.069240; p = 0.002), although without clinical significance at the time of the study. As for the MRP, player performance in the 2021-2022 season was not negatively affected by the Omicron variant, while there was an improvement in MRP in scores for a sample of all players. The RTP protocol was correctly applied because it helped the athletes to recover their pre-infection physical capacities relatively quickly. This study advances the understanding that an optimally and individually planned RTP protocol is crucial for the MRP of infected players. Future research needs to replicate the findings of abnormal laboratory results and extend the study focusing on their potential long-term clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasna Nincevic
- Teaching Public Health Institute of Split and Dalmatia County, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Anamarija Jurcev-Savicevic
- Teaching Public Health Institute of Split and Dalmatia County, 21000 Split, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Department of Health Studies, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Sime Versic
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
- HNK Hajduk Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Toni Modric
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | | | - Ante Bandalovic
- HNK Hajduk Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | | | - Marijana Mijakovic
- Teaching Public Health Institute of Split and Dalmatia County, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Bocina
- Teaching Public Health Institute of Split and Dalmatia County, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Damir Sekulic
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
- High Performance Sport Center, Croatian Olympic Committee, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Yan X, Fang Y, Li Y, Jia Z, Zhang B. Risks, Epidemics, and Prevention Measures of Infectious Diseases in Major Sports Events: Scoping Review. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2022; 8:e40042. [PMID: 36459401 PMCID: PMC9758642 DOI: 10.2196/40042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major sports events are the focus of the world. However, the gathering of crowds during these events creates huge risks of infectious diseases transmission, posing a significant public health threat. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to systematically review the epidemiological characteristics and prevention measures of infectious diseases at major sports events. METHODS The procedure of this scoping review followed Arksey and O'Malley's five-step methodological framework. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase, were searched systematically. The general information (ie, publication year, study type) of each study, sports events' features (ie, date and host location), infectious diseases' epidemiological characteristics (ie, epidemics, risk factors), prevention measures, and surveillance paradigm were extracted, categorized, and summarized. RESULTS A total of 24,460 articles were retrieved from the databases and 358 studies were included in the final data synthesis based on selection criteria. A rapid growth of studies was found over recent years. The number of studies investigating epidemics and risk factors for sports events increased from 16/254 (6.3%) before 2000 to 201/254 (79.1%) after 2010. Studies focusing on prevention measures of infectious diseases accounted for 85.0% (238/280) of the articles published after 2010. A variety of infectious diseases have been reported, including respiratory tract infection, gastrointestinal infection, vector-borne infection, blood-borne infection, and water-contact infection. Among them, respiratory tract infections were the most concerning diseases (250/358, 69.8%). Besides some routine prevention measures targeted at risk factors of different diseases, strengthening surveillance was highlighted in the literature. The surveillance system appeared to have gone through three stages of development, including manual archiving, network-based systems, and automated intelligent platforms. CONCLUSIONS This critical summary and collation of previous empirical evidence is meaningful to provide references for holding major sports events. It is essential to improve the surveillance techniques for timely detection of the emergence of epidemics and to improve risk perception in future practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Yan
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yian Fang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjie Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongwei Jia
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Intelligent Public Health, Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Drug Abuse Control and Prevention, National Institute of Health Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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