1
|
Combined Impact of Omicron Vaccination and Environmental Risk Exposure: A Thailand Case Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020297. [PMID: 36851174 PMCID: PMC9966401 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to determine the levels of COVID-19 booster dose vaccinations in Thai populations in areas with environmental risk exposure during the Omicron outbreak. Five of twenty provinces in Thailand were selected by assessing environmental risk exposure for study settings. A total of 1038 people were interviewed by a structured questionnaire. The predicting factors of COVID-19 booster dose vaccinations were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. The results showed that 69.4% (95% CI 66.5-72.1) of the population was vaccinated with COVID-19 booster doses. Multiple logistics regression revealed that the female gender (AOR 1.49, 95% CI 1.11-2.00), all age groups from 38 to 60 years old, all education levels of at least secondary school, high income (AOR 1.16, 95% CI 1.15-2.24), populations having experience with COVID-19 infection (AOR 2.27, 95% CI 2.05-3.76), knowledge of vaccine (AOR 1.78, 95% CI 1.11-2.83), and trusting attitude (AOR 1.76, 95% CI 1.32-2.36) were factors among those more likely to take COVID-19 booster dose vaccinations in high-environmental-risk-exposure areas. Therefore, an effective booster dose campaign with education programs to increase attitudes toward booster vaccinations should be implemented for the resilience of COVID-19 prevention and control.
Collapse
|
2
|
Cinicola BL, Piano Mortari E, Zicari AM, Agrati C, Bordoni V, Albano C, Fedele G, Schiavoni I, Leone P, Fiore S, Capponi M, Conti MG, Petrarca L, Stefanelli P, Spalice A, Midulla F, Palamara AT, Quinti I, Locatelli F, Carsetti R. The BNT162b2 vaccine induces humoral and cellular immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain and the Omicron variant in children 5 to 11 years of age. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1094727. [PMID: 36591287 PMCID: PMC9797965 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1094727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines prevent severe COVID-19 by generating immune memory, comprising specific antibodies and memory B and T cells. Although children are at low risk of severe COVID-19, the spreading of highly transmissible variants has led to increasing in COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations also in the youngest, but vaccine coverage remains low. Immunogenicity to mRNA vaccines has not been extensively studied in children 5 to 11 years old. In particular, cellular immunity to the wild-type strain (Wuhan) and the cross-reactive response to the Omicron variant of concern has not been investigated. We assessed the humoral and cellular immune response to the SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine in 27 healthy children. We demonstrated that vaccination induced a potent humoral and cellular immune response in all vaccinees. By using spike-specific memory B cells as a measurable imprint of a previous infection, we found that 50% of the children had signs of a past, undiagnosed infection before vaccination. Children with pre-existent immune memory generated significantly increased levels of specific antibodies, and memory T and B cells, directed against not only the wild type virus but also the omicron variant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Laura Cinicola
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy,Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - E Piano Mortari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy,B cell unit, Immunology Research Area, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Zicari
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Bordoni
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Christian Albano
- B cell unit, Immunology Research Area, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Fedele
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Schiavoni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasqualina Leone
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Fiore
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Capponi
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Conti
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Petrarca
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Stefanelli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Spalice
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Midulla
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Isabella Quinti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy,Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Carsetti
- B cell unit, Immunology Research Area, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy,*Correspondence: Rita Carsetti,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Puthanakit T, Chantasrisawad N, Yoohat K, Nantanee R, Sophonphan J, Meepuksom T, Sodsai P, Phanthanawiboon S, Jantarabenjakul W, Hirankarn N, Kosalaraksa P. Immunogenicity of a Fractional Dose of mRNA BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine for Primary Series and Booster Vaccination among Healthy Adolescents. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10101646. [PMID: 36298510 PMCID: PMC9609361 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary series vaccination with BNT162b2 followed by a booster 5 months later has been recommended for healthy adolescents. We aimed to describe the immunogenicity in a fractional dose of BNT162b2. Adolescents aged 12–18 years were randomized into six arms for primary series administration: 3wPZ30/30 (reference group), 3wPZ30/20, 3wPZ20/20, 6wPZ30/30, 6wPZ30/20, and 6wPZ20/20 μg. A booster was given at 5 months after the second dose using either 10 or 15 μg of BNT162b2. Immunogenicity following vaccination was determined by IgG against receptor-binding domain (anti-S-RBD IgG; BAU/mL), surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT; %inhibition) and pseudovirus neutralization (pVNT;ID50) against Omicron. Non-inferiority criteria were defined as a lower boundary of the geometric mean ratio (GMR) being greater than 0.67. From September to October 2021, 118 adolescents with a median age (IQR) of 14.9 years (13.9–16.7) were enrolled. Fourteen days after the primary series, the geometric means (GMs) of anti-S-RBD IgG (BAU/mL) were 3090 (95% CI 2761–3460) in 3wPZ30/30. The GMRs of anti-S-RBD were: 0.80 (95% CI 0.67–0.97) in 3wPZ30/20; 1.00 (95% CI 0.83–1.20) in 3wPZ20/20; 1.37 (95% CI 1.13–1.65) in 6wPZ30/30; 1.24 (95% CI 1.02–1.50) in 6wPZ30/20; and 1.36 (1.13–1.64) in 6wPZ20/20. After a booster dose with 15 μg (n = 24) of BNT162b2, sVNT and pVNT against Omicron variant were 91.6 (95% CI 88.4–94.9) and 331 (95% CI 221–495), respectively. In the group that received 10 μg of BNT162b2 (n = 25), sVNT was 85.6 (95% CI 80.0–91.6) and pVNT was 397 (95% CI 267–590). Healthy adolescents had good immune responses to the fractional dose regimen of BNT162b2 and this may be considered as an alternative option.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thanyawee Puthanakit
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Napaporn Chantasrisawad
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence:
| | - Kirana Yoohat
- Monoclonal Antibody Production and Application Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Rapisa Nantanee
- Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Jiratchaya Sophonphan
- Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Thutsanun Meepuksom
- Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pimpayao Sodsai
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Supranee Phanthanawiboon
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Watsamon Jantarabenjakul
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nattiya Hirankarn
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pope Kosalaraksa
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|