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El Riz A, Tchoumi Neree A, Mousavifar L, Roy R, Chorfi Y, Mateescu MA. Metallo-Glycodendrimeric Materials against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Microorganisms 2024; 12:966. [PMID: 38792795 PMCID: PMC11124148 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Conjugation of carbohydrates to nanomaterials has been extensively studied and recognized as an alternative in the biomedical field. Dendrimers synthesized with mannose at the end group and with entrapped zero-valent copper/silver could be a potential candidate against bacterial proliferation. This study is aimed at investigating the bactericidal activity of metal-glycodendrimers. The Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction was used to synthesize a new mannosylated dendrimer containing 12 mannopyranoside residues in the periphery. The enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli fimbriae 4 (ETEC:F4) viability, measured at 600 nm, showed the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of metal-free glycodendrimers (D), copper-loaded glycodendrimers (D:Cu) and silver-loaded glycodendrimers (D:Ag) closed to 4.5 × 101, 3.5 × 101 and to 1.0 × 10-2 µg/mL, respectively, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of D, D:Cu and D:Ag of 2.0, 1.5 and 1.0 × 10-4 µg/mL, respectively. The release of bacteria contents onto broth and the inhibition of ETEC:F4 biofilm formation increased with the number of metallo-glycodendrimer materials, with a special interest in silver-containing nanomaterial, which had the highest activity, suggesting that glycodendrimer-based materials interfered with bacteria-bacteria or bacteria-polystyrene interactions, with bacteria metabolism and can disrupt bacteria cell walls. Our findings identify metal-mannose-dendrimers as potent bactericidal agents and emphasize the effect of entrapped zero-valent metal against ETEC:F4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aly El Riz
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, Succ. Centre-Ville, P.O. Box 8888, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; (A.E.R.); (L.M.); (R.R.)
| | - Armelle Tchoumi Neree
- Department of Veterinary Biomedicine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (A.T.N.); (Y.C.)
- Centre de recherche en infectiologie porcine et avicole (CRIPA), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Leila Mousavifar
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, Succ. Centre-Ville, P.O. Box 8888, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; (A.E.R.); (L.M.); (R.R.)
| | - René Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, Succ. Centre-Ville, P.O. Box 8888, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; (A.E.R.); (L.M.); (R.R.)
| | - Younes Chorfi
- Department of Veterinary Biomedicine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (A.T.N.); (Y.C.)
- Centre de recherche en infectiologie porcine et avicole (CRIPA), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Mircea Alexandru Mateescu
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, Succ. Centre-Ville, P.O. Box 8888, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; (A.E.R.); (L.M.); (R.R.)
- Centre de recherche en infectiologie porcine et avicole (CRIPA), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
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Effah CY, Ding X, Drokow EK, Li X, Tong R, Sun T. Bacteria-derived extracellular vesicles: endogenous roles, therapeutic potentials and their biomimetics for the treatment and prevention of sepsis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1296061. [PMID: 38420121 PMCID: PMC10899385 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1296061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is one of the medical conditions with a high mortality rate and lacks specific treatment despite several years of extensive research. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) are emerging as a focal target in the pathophysiology and treatment of sepsis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from pathogenic microorganisms carry pathogenic factors such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and virulence factors and are regarded as "long-range weapons" to trigger an inflammatory response. In particular, the small size of bEVs can cross the blood-brain and placental barriers that are difficult for pathogens to cross, deliver pathogenic agents to host cells, activate the host immune system, and possibly accelerate the bacterial infection process and subsequent sepsis. Over the years, research into host-derived EVs has increased, leading to breakthroughs in cancer and sepsis treatments. However, related approaches to the role and use of bacterial-derived EVs are still rare in the treatment of sepsis. Herein, this review looked at the dual nature of bEVs in sepsis by highlighting their inherent functions and emphasizing their therapeutic characteristics and potential. Various biomimetics of bEVs for the treatment and prevention of sepsis have also been reviewed. Finally, the latest progress and various obstacles in the clinical application of bEVs have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Yaw Effah
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Engineering Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Engineering Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Henan Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Henan Key Laboratory of Sepsis in Health Commission, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xianfei Ding
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Engineering Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Engineering Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Henan Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Henan Key Laboratory of Sepsis in Health Commission, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Emmanuel Kwateng Drokow
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Engineering Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Engineering Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Henan Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Henan Key Laboratory of Sepsis in Health Commission, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ran Tong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Engineering Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Engineering Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Henan Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Henan Key Laboratory of Sepsis in Health Commission, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tongwen Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Engineering Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Engineering Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Henan Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Henan Key Laboratory of Sepsis in Health Commission, Zhengzhou, China
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Wang Z, Cui L, Nan Y, Liu J, Li C. Periodontitis & preeclampsia: were outer membrane vesicles a potential connection? J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2023; 36:2183767. [PMID: 36860094 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2183767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Preeclampsia (PE) is gestation-specific hypertension coupled by systemic multiple organ damages, remaining the leading causes of maternal and infant death worldwide.Materials and methods: Though numerous pathogenetic mechanisms have been engaged in this disorder and several methods have been undertaken to treat PE, few clinical strategies are effective in PE management, suggesting more studies from novel perspective being in great need to decipher the underlying mechanisms of PE.Results: Growing evidence shows that women with periodontitis, an oral microflora-induced chronic inflammation of the periodontal tissues, are more inclined to suffer PE, which may be tightly associated with microflora-derived outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Latest studies reveal that OMVs are spherical membrane-enclosed entities released by bacteria and can gain free access to the circulation of the host and therefore reach the remote tissue of the host, participating the interaction among oral bacterial with the host and contribute to some systemic disease with carried bioactive materials.Conclusions: OMVs may be the underlying mechanism linking oral flora-induced periodontitis with dysfunction trophoblast and finally contributes to the pathogenesis of in PE. Here we provide evidence to support the potential roles of OMVs linking periodontal disease between PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Leyun Cui
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanglong Nan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinjun Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunfang Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, the First affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Banerjee S, Halder P, Das S, Maiti S, Bhaumik U, Dutta M, Chowdhury G, Kitahara K, Miyoshi SI, Mukhopadhyay AK, Dutta S, Koley H. Pentavalent outer membrane vesicles immunized mice sera confers passive protection against five prevalent pathotypes of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli in neonatal mice. Immunol Lett 2023; 263:33-45. [PMID: 37734682 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) pathotypes are one of the major causative agents of diarrhoea induced childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Licensed vaccines providing broad spectrum protection against DEC mediated infections are not available. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are microvesicles released by gram-negative bacteria during the growth phase and contain multiple immunogenic proteins. Based on prevalence of infections, we have formulated a pentavalent outer-membrane vesicles (POMVs) based immunogen targeting five main pathotypes of DEC responsible for diarrhoeal diseases. Following isolation, OMVs from five DEC pathotypes were mixed in equal proportions to formulate POMVs and 10 µg of the immunogen was intraperitoneally administered to adult BALB/c mice. Three doses of POMVs induced significant humoral immune response against whole cell lysates (WCLs), outer membrane proteins (OMPs) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) isolated from DEC pathotypes along with significant induction of cellular immune response in adult mice. Passive transfer of POMVs immunized adult mice sera protected neonatal mice significantly against DEC infections. Overall, this study finds POMVs to be immunogenic in conferring broad-spectrum passive protection to neonatal mice against five main DEC pathotypes. Altogether, these findings suggest that POMVs can be used as a potent vaccine candidate to ameliorate the DEC-mediated health burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumalya Banerjee
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33 CIT Road, Scheme-XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Prolay Halder
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33 CIT Road, Scheme-XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Sanjib Das
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33 CIT Road, Scheme-XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Suhrid Maiti
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33 CIT Road, Scheme-XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Ushasi Bhaumik
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33 CIT Road, Scheme-XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Moumita Dutta
- Division of Electron Microscopy, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33 CIT Road, Scheme-XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Goutam Chowdhury
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33 CIT Road, Scheme-XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India; Collaborative Research Centre of Okayama University for Infectious Diseases at ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33 CIT Road, Scheme-XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Kei Kitahara
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Japan; Collaborative Research Centre of Okayama University for Infectious Diseases at ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33 CIT Road, Scheme-XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Shin-Ichi Miyoshi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Japan; Collaborative Research Centre of Okayama University for Infectious Diseases at ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33 CIT Road, Scheme-XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Asish Kumar Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33 CIT Road, Scheme-XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Shanta Dutta
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33 CIT Road, Scheme-XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Hemanta Koley
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33 CIT Road, Scheme-XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India.
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Jiang Y, Zhou Z, Liu C, Wang L, Li C. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles as drug delivery carrier for photodynamic anticancer therapy. Front Chem 2023; 11:1284292. [PMID: 37915541 PMCID: PMC10616255 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1284292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is an effective tumor treatment strategy that not only induces photocytotoxicity to kill tumor cells directly but also activates the immune system in the body to generate tumor-specific immunity, preventing cancer metastasis and recurrence. However, some limitations of PDT limit the therapeutic efficacy in deep tumors. Previous studies have used different types of nanoparticles (NPs) as drug carriers of photosensitizers (PSs) to overcome the shortcomings of PDT and improve therapeutic efficacy. Among them, bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) have natural advantages as carriers for PS delivery. In addition to the targeted delivery of PSs into tumor cells, their unique immunogenicity helps them to serve as immune adjuvants to enhance the PDT-induced immune effect, providing new ideas for photodynamic anticancer therapy. Therefore, in this review, we will introduce the biogenesis and anticancer functions of OMVs and the research on them as drug delivery carriers in PDT. Finally, we also discuss the challenges and prospects of OMVs as a versatile drug delivery carrier for photodynamic anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Jiang
- Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - ZunZhen Zhou
- Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chongzhi Liu
- Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Limei Wang
- Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
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Angulo C, Sanchez V, Delgado K, Monreal-Escalante E, Hernández-Adame L, Angulo M, Tello-Olea M, Reyes-Becerril M. Oral organic nanovaccines against bacterial and viral diseases. Microb Pathog 2022; 169:105648. [PMID: 35728750 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines have saved millions of humans and animals from deadly diseases. Many vaccines are still under development to fight against lethal diseases. Indeed, subunit vaccines are a versatile approach with several advantageous attributes, but they lack strong immunogenicity. Nanotechnology is an avenue to vaccine development because nanoparticles may serve as nanocarriers and adjuvants, which are critical aspects for oral vaccines. This review provides an update of oral organic nanovaccines, describing suitable nanomaterials for oral vaccine design and recent (last five-year view) oral nanovaccine developments to fight against those principal pathogens causing human and animal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Angulo
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico.
| | - Veronica Sanchez
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico
| | - Karen Delgado
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Monreal-Escalante
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico; Cátedras-CONACYT. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico
| | - Luis Hernández-Adame
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico; Cátedras-CONACYT. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico
| | - Miriam Angulo
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico
| | - Marlene Tello-Olea
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico
| | - Martha Reyes-Becerril
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico
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The tremendous biomedical potential of bacterial extracellular vesicles. Trends Biotechnol 2022; 40:1173-1194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Berzosa M, Nemeskalova A, Calvo A, Quincoces G, Collantes M, Pareja F, Gamazo C, Irache JM. Oral Immunogenicity of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Outer Membrane Vesicles Encapsulated into Zein Nanoparticles Coated with a Gantrez ® AN-Mannosamine Polymer Conjugate. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:123. [PMID: 35057017 PMCID: PMC8780369 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the human population. In particular, ETEC infections affect children under the age of five from low-middle income countries. However, there is no licensed vaccine against this pathogen. ETEC vaccine development is challenging since this pathotype expresses a wide variety of antigenically diverse virulence factors whose genes can be modified due to ETEC genetic plasticity. To overcome this challenge, we propose the use of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) isolated from two ETEC clinical strains. In these OMVs, proteomic studies revealed the presence of important immunogens, such as heat-labile toxin, colonization factors, adhesins and mucinases. Furthermore, these vesicles proved to be immunogenic after subcutaneous administration in BALB/c mice. Since ETEC is an enteropathogen, it is necessary to induce both systemic and mucosal immunity. For this purpose, the vesicles, free or encapsulated in zein nanoparticles coated with a Gantrez®-mannosamine conjugate, were administered orally. Biodistribution studies showed that the encapsulation of OMVs delayed the transit through the gut. These results were confirmed by in vivo study, in which OMV encapsulation resulted in higher levels of specific antibodies IgG2a. Further studies are needed to evaluate the protection efficacy of this vaccine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melibea Berzosa
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.B.); (A.N.); (A.C.); (C.G.)
| | - Alzbeta Nemeskalova
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.B.); (A.N.); (A.C.); (C.G.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alba Calvo
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.B.); (A.N.); (A.C.); (C.G.)
| | - Gemma Quincoces
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (G.Q.); (M.C.); (F.P.)
| | - María Collantes
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (G.Q.); (M.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Felix Pareja
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (G.Q.); (M.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Carlos Gamazo
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.B.); (A.N.); (A.C.); (C.G.)
| | - Juan Manuel Irache
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Cianci R, Franza L. Genomic Medicine and Advances in Vaccine Technology and Development in the Developing and Developed World. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 9:vaccines9010009. [PMID: 33374343 PMCID: PMC7823288 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Cianci
- Internal Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-3015-7597; Fax: +39-06-3550-2775
| | - Laura Franza
- Emergency Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy;
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