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Mohammadi E, Shafiee F, Shahzamani K, Ranjbar MM, Alibakhshi A, Ahangarzadeh S, Beikmohammadi L, Shariati L, Hooshmandi S, Ataei B, Javanmard SH. Novel and emerging mutations of SARS-CoV-2: Biomedical implications. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111599. [PMID: 33915502 PMCID: PMC8062574 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The SARS-CoV-2 virus strains has geographical diversity associated with diverse severity, mortality rate, and response to treatment that were characterized using phylogenetic network analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes. Although, there is no explicit and integrative explanation for these variations, the genetic arrangement, and stability of SARS-CoV-2 are basic contributing factors to its virulence and pathogenesis. Hence, understanding these features can be used to predict the future transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection, drug development, and vaccine. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings on the mutations in the SARS-CoV-2, which provide valuable information on the genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2, especially for DNA-based diagnosis, antivirals, and vaccine development for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Mohammadi
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Physiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Core Research Facilities, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shafiee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kiana Shahzamani
- Isfahan Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center (lGHRC), Isfahan University of medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Ranjbar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Abbas Alibakhshi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Ahangarzadeh
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Leila Beikmohammadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laleh Shariati
- Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14155-6559 Tehran, Iran
| | - Soodeh Hooshmandi
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrooz Ataei
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Doulberis M, Papaefthymiou A, Kotronis G, Gialamprinou D, Soteriades ES, Kyriakopoulos A, Chatzimichael E, Kafafyllidou K, Liatsos C, Chatzistefanou I, Anagnostis P, Semenin V, Ntona S, Gkolia I, Papazoglou DD, Tsinonis N, Papamichos S, Kirbas H, Zikos P, Niafas D, Kountouras J. Does COVID-19 Vaccination Warrant the Classical Principle " ofelein i mi vlaptin"? MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:253. [PMID: 33803295 PMCID: PMC7999356 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57030253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic warrants an imperative necessity for effective and safe vaccination, to restrain Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) including transmissibility, morbidity, and mortality. In this regard, intensive medical and biological research leading to the development of an arsenal of vaccines, albeit incomplete preconditioned evaluation, due to emergency. The subsequent scientific gap raises some concerns in the medical community and the general public. More specifically, the accelerated vaccine development downgraded the value of necessary pre-clinical studies to elicit medium- and long-term beneficial or harmful consequences. Previous experience and pathophysiological background of coronaviruses' infections and vaccine technologies, combined with the global vaccines' application, underlined the obligation of a cautious and qualitative approach, to illuminate potential vaccination-related adverse events. Moreover, the high SARS-CoV-2 mutation potential and the already aggregated genetical alterations provoke a rational vagueness and uncertainty concerning vaccines' efficacy against dominant strains and the respective clinical immunity. This review critically summarizes existing evidence and queries regarding SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, to motivate scientists' and clinicians' interest for an optimal, individualized, and holistic management of this unprecedented pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Doulberis
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, 54652 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.D.); (A.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Apostolis Papaefthymiou
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, 54652 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.D.); (A.P.); (S.P.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Larisa, Mezourlo, 41110 Larisa, Greece
| | - Georgios Kotronis
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Aghios Pavlos of Thessaloniki, 55134 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Dimitra Gialamprinou
- Second Neonatal Department and NICU, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Elpidoforos S. Soteriades
- Healthcare Management Program, School of Economics and Management, Open University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2252, Cyprus;
- Department of Environmental Health, Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology (EOME), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anthony Kyriakopoulos
- Nasco AD Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Research and Development, 18536 Piraeus, Greece;
| | - Eleftherios Chatzimichael
- Center for Integrative Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Kyriaki Kafafyllidou
- Department of Pediatrics, University Children’s Hospital of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Christos Liatsos
- Department of Gastroenterology, 401 Army General Hospital of Athens, 11525 Athens, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Chatzistefanou
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, 424 General Military Hospital, Ring Road Efkarpia, 56429 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Paul Anagnostis
- ORL and Psychiatry Private Practice, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Vitalii Semenin
- Neurology and Psychiatry Private Practice, 2502 Biel, Switzerland;
| | - Smaragda Ntona
- Alexandrovska University Hospital, Medical University Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Ioanna Gkolia
- Psychiatric Hospital of Thessaloniki, Stavroupolis, 56429 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios David Papazoglou
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, Bürgerspital Solothurn, 4500 Solothurn, Switzerland;
| | | | - Spyros Papamichos
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, 54652 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.D.); (A.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Hristos Kirbas
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, “Thegeneio” Cancer Hospital, 54007 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Petros Zikos
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | | | - Jannis Kountouras
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, 54652 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.D.); (A.P.); (S.P.)
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