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Islam MS, Tripura UJ, Islam MS, Islam ARMT, Al Zihad SMR, Khatun MM, Hasan MM, Lubna TY. Appraising water resources for irrigation and spatial analysis based on fuzzy logic model in the tribal-prone areas of Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:641. [PMID: 38904844 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12799-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The lack of quality water resources for irrigation is one of the main threats for sustainable farming. This pioneering study focused on finding the best area for farming by looking at irrigation water quality and analyzing its location using a fuzzy logic model on a Geographic Information System platform. In the tribal-prone areas of Khagrachhari Sadar Upazila, Bangladesh, 28 surface water and 39 groundwater samples were taken from shallow tube wells, rivers, canals, ponds, lakes, and waterfalls. The samples were then analyzed for irrigation water quality parameters like electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), soluble sodium percentage (SSP), residual sodium bicarbonate (RSBC), magnesium hazard ratio (MHR), Kelley's ratio (KR), and permeability index (PI). Fuzzy Irrigation Water Quality Index (FIWQI) was employed to determine the irrigation suitability of water resources. Spatial maps for parameters like EC, KR, MH, Na%, PI, SAR, and RSBC were developed using fuzzy membership values for groundwater and surface water. The FIWQI results indicate that 100% of the groundwater and 75% of the surface water samples range in the categories of excellent to good for irrigation uses. A new irrigation suitability map constructed by overlaying all parameters showed that surface water (75%) and some groundwater (100%) in the northern and southwestern portions are fit for agriculture. The western and central parts are unfit for irrigation due to higher bicarbonate and magnesium contents. The Piper and Gibbs diagram also indicated that the water in the study area is magnesium-bicarbonate type and the primary mechanism of water chemistry is controlled by the weathering of rocks, respectively. This research pinpoints the irrigation spatial pattern for regional water resource practices, identifies novel suitable areas, and improves sustainable agricultural uses in tribal-prone areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shariful Islam
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh.
| | - Udoy Jibon Tripura
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | | | - S M Rabbi Al Zihad
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Mahadi Hasan
- Department of Agriculture, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, USA
| | - Tuba Yasmin Lubna
- Department of Agriculture, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, USA
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Zihad SMRA, Islam ARMT, Siddique MAB, Mia MY, Islam MS, Islam MA, Bari ABMM, Bodrud-Doza M, Yakout SM, Senapathi V, Chatterjee S. Fuzzy logic, geostatistics, and multiple linear models to evaluate irrigation metrics and their influencing factors in a drought-prone agricultural region. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 234:116509. [PMID: 37399988 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
The quality of water used for irrigation is one of the major threats to maintaining the long-term sustainability of agricultural practices. Although some studies have addressed the suitability of irrigation water in different parts of Bangladesh, the irrigation water quality in the drought-prone region has yet to be thoroughly studied using integrated novel approaches. This study aims to assess the suitability of irrigation water in the drought-prone agricultural region of Bangladesh using traditional irrigation metrics such as sodium percentage (NA%), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR), Kelley's ratio (KR), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), total hardness (TH), permeability index (PI), and soluble sodium percentage (SSP), along with novel irrigation indices such as irrigation water quality index (IWQI) and fuzzy irrigation water quality index (FIWQI). Thirty-eight water samples were taken from tube wells, river systems, streamlets, and canals in agricultural areas, then analyzed for cations and anions. The multiple linear regression model predicted that SAR (0.66), KR (0.74), and PI (0.84) were the primary important elements influencing electrical conductivity (EC). Based on the IWQI, all water samples fall into the "suitable" category for irrigation. The FIWQI suggests that 75% of the groundwater and 100% of the surface water samples are excellent for irrigation. The semivariogram model indicates that most irrigation metrics have moderate to low spatial dependence, suggesting strong agricultural and rural influence. Redundancy analysis shows that Na+, Ca2+, Cl-, K+, and HCO3- in water increase with decreasing temperature. Surface water and some groundwater in the southwestern and southeastern parts are suitable for irrigation. The northern and central parts are less suitable for agriculture because of elevated K+ and Mg2+ levels. This study determines irrigation metrics for regional water management and pinpoints suitable areas in the drought-prone region, which provides a comprehensive understanding of sustainable water management and actionable steps for stakeholders and decision-makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Rabbi Al Zihad
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Bekeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh.
| | - Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Bekeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh; Department of Development Studies, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Abu Bakar Siddique
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Yousuf Mia
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Bekeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Aminul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Bekeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh.
| | - A B M Mainul Bari
- Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Bodrud-Doza
- Department of Geography, Environment & Geomatics, University of Guelph, ON | N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Sobhy M Yakout
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Sumanta Chatterjee
- USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, BARC-West, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha 753006, India.
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