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Mishra V, Nayak P, Sharma M, Albutti A, Alwashmi ASS, Aljasir MA, Alsowayeh N, Tambuwala MM. Emerging Treatment Strategies for Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Complications: An Update. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1568. [PMID: 34683861 PMCID: PMC8538773 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing rapidly at an accelerating rate worldwide. The status of diabetes has changed over the last three generations; whereas before it was deemed a minor disease of older people but currently it is now one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among middle-aged and young people. High blood glucose-mediated functional loss, insulin sensitivity, and insulin deficiency lead to chronic disorders such as Type 1 and Type 2 DM. Traditional treatments of DM, such as insulin sensitization and insulin secretion cause undesirable side effects, leading to patient incompliance and lack of treatment. Nanotechnology in diabetes studies has encouraged the development of new modalities for measuring glucose and supplying insulin that hold the potential to improve the quality of life of diabetics. Other therapies, such as β-cells regeneration and gene therapy, in addition to insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs, are currently used to control diabetes. The present review highlights the nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems and emerging treatment strategies of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India;
| | - Pallavi Nayak
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India;
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, PCTE Group of Institutes, Ludhiana 142021, Punjab, India
| | - Mayank Sharma
- SVKM’s NMIMS School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Aqel Albutti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameen S. S. Alwashmi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.S.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Mohammad Abdullah Aljasir
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.S.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Noorah Alsowayeh
- Biology Department, College of Education, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11932, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Murtaza M. Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK;
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2
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Wancura M, Talanker M, Toubbeh S, Bryan A, Cosgriff-Hernandez E. Bioactive hydrogel coatings of complex substrates using diffusion-mediated redox initiation. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:4289-4298. [PMID: 32322860 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00055h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels have long been established as materials with tunable stiffness and chemistry that enable controlled cellular interactions. When applied as coatings, hydrogels can be used to introduce biofunctionality to medical devices with minimal effect on bulk properties. However, it remains challenging to uniformly apply hydrogel coatings to three dimensional geometries without substantially changing the manufacturing process and potentially affecting device function. Herein, we report a new redox-based crosslinking method for applying conformable hydrogel coatings with tunable thickness and chemistry. This new diffusion-mediated strategy of redox initiation and hydrogel crosslinking enabled coating of a variety of three dimensional substrates without changing the primary fabrication process. Following adsorption of the reducing agent to the construct, hydrogel coating thickness was readily controlled by immersion time with desorption and diffusion of the reducing agent initiating hydrogel crosslinking from the surface. The process was used to generate a range of hydrogel properties by varying the macromer molecular weight and concentration. In addition, we demonstrated that these coatings can be applied sequentially to generate multilayered constructs with distinct features. Finally, incorporation of proteins into the bulk of the hydrogel coating or as a final surface layer permitted the controlled introduction of bioactivity that supported cell attachment. This work provides a versatile method for assembling bioactive coatings with a simple post-fabrication process that is amenable to diverse geometric substrates and chemistries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Wancura
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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3
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White AM, Shamul JG, Xu J, Stewart S, Bromberg JS, He X. Engineering Strategies to Improve Islet Transplantation for Type 1 Diabetes Therapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 6:2543-2562. [PMID: 33299929 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks insulin-producing beta cells of pancreatic islets. Type 1 diabetes can be treated with islet transplantation; however, patients must be administered immunosuppressants to prevent immune rejection of the transplanted islets if they are not autologous or not engineered with immune protection/isolation. To overcome biological barriers of islet transplantation, encapsulation strategies have been developed and robustly investigated. While islet encapsulation can prevent the need for immunosuppressants, these approaches have not shown much success in clinical trials due to a lack of long-term insulin production. Multiple engineering strategies have been used to improve encapsulation and post-transplantation islet survival. In addition, more efficient islet cryopreservation methods have been designed to facilitate the scaling-up of islet transplantation. Other islet sources have been identified including porcine islets and stem cell-derived islet-like aggregates. Overall, islet-laden capsule transplantation has greatly improved over the past 30 years and is moving towards becoming a clinically feasible treatment for type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa M White
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - James G Shamul
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jiangsheng Xu
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Samantha Stewart
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jonathan S Bromberg
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201.,Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Xiaoming He
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201.,Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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5
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Izadi Z, Hajizadeh-Saffar E, Hadjati J, Habibi-Anbouhi M, Ghanian MH, Sadeghi-Abandansari H, Ashtiani MK, Samsonchi Z, Raoufi M, Moazenchi M, Izadi M, Nejad ASSH, Namdari H, Tahamtani Y, Ostad SN, Akbari-Javar H, Baharvand H. Tolerance induction by surface immobilization of Jagged-1 for immunoprotection of pancreatic islets. Biomaterials 2018; 182:191-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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6
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Ouyang L, Burdick JA, Sun W. Facile Biofabrication of Heterogeneous Multilayer Tubular Hydrogels by Fast Diffusion-Induced Gelation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:12424-12430. [PMID: 29582989 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b19537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Multilayer (ML) hydrogels are useful to achieve stepwise and heterogeneous control over the organization of biomedical materials and cells. There are numerous challenges in the development of fabrication approaches toward this, including the need for mild processing conditions that maintain the integrity of embedded compounds and the versatility in processing to introduce desired complexity. Here, we report a method to fabricate heterogeneous multilayered hydrogels based on diffusion-induced gelation. This technique uses the quick diffusion of ions and small molecules (i.e., photoinitiators) through gel-sol or gel-gel interfaces to produce hydrogel layers. Specifically, ionically (e.g., alginate-based) and covalently [e.g., gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA-based)] photocross-linked hydrogels are generated in converse directions from the same interface. The ML (e.g., seven layers) ionic hydrogels can be formed within seconds to minutes with thicknesses ranging from tens to hundreds of micrometers. The thicknesses of the covalent hydrogels are determined by the reaction time (or the molecule diffusion time). Multiwalled tubular structures (e.g., mimicking branched multiwalled vessels) are mainly investigated in this study based on a removable gel core, but this method can be generalized to other material patterns. The process is also demonstrated to support the encapsulation of viable cells and is compatible with a range of thermally reversible core materials (e.g., gelatin and Pluronic F127) and covalently cross-linked formulations (e.g., GelMA and methacrylated hyaluronic acid). This biofabrication process enhances our ability to fabricate a range of structures that are useful for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliang Ouyang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Jason A Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
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7
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Day JR, David A, Cichon AL, Kulkarni T, Cascalho M, Shikanov A. Immunoisolating poly(ethylene glycol) based capsules support ovarian tissue survival to restore endocrine function. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:1381-1389. [PMID: 29318744 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A common irreversible adverse effect of life-saving anticancer treatments is loss of gonadal endocrine function and fertility, calling for a need to focus on post-treatment quality of life. Here, we investigated the use of poly(ethylene glycol)-vinyl sulfone (PEG-VS) based capsules to support syngeneic donor ovarian tissue for restoration of endocrine function in mice. We designed a dual immunoisolating capsule (PEG-Dual) by tuning the physical properties of the PEG hydrogels and combining proteolytically degradable and nondegradable layers to meet the numerous requirements for encapsulation and immunoisolation of ovarian tissue, such as nutrient diffusion and tissue expansion. Tuning the components of the PEG-Dual capsule to have similar physical properties allowed for concentric encapsulation. Upon implantation, the PEG-based capsules supported ovarian tissue survival and led to a significant decrease in follicle stimulating hormone levels 60 days postimplantation. Mice that received the implants resumed regular estrous cycle activity and follicle development in the implanted grafts. The PEG-Dual capsule provided an environment conducive for tissue survival, while providing a barrier to the host environment. This study demonstrated for the first time that immunoisolating PEG-VS capsules can support ovarian follicular development resulting in the restoration of ovarian endocrine function and can be applied to future allogeneic studies. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1381-1389, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Day
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
| | - Anu David
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
| | - Alexa L Cichon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
| | - Tanay Kulkarni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
| | - Marilia Cascalho
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
| | - Ariella Shikanov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109.,Department of Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
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8
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Day JR, David A, Kim J, Farkash EA, Cascalho M, Milašinović N, Shikanov A. The impact of functional groups of poly(ethylene glycol) macromers on the physical properties of photo-polymerized hydrogels and the local inflammatory response in the host. Acta Biomater 2018; 67:42-52. [PMID: 29242160 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) can be functionalized and modified with various moieties allowing for a multitude of cross-linking chemistries. Here, we investigate how vinyl sulfone, acrylate, and maleimide functional end groups affect hydrogel formation, physical properties, viability of encapsulated cells, post-polymerization modification, and inflammatory response of the host. We have shown that PEG-VS hydrogels, in the presence of a co-monomer, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP), form more efficiently than PEG-Ac and PEG-Mal hydrogels, resulting in superior physical properties after 6 min of ultraviolet light exposure. PEG-VS hydrogels exhibited hydrolytic stability and non-fouling characteristics, as well as the ability to be modified with biological motifs, such as RGD, after polymerization. Additionally, unmodified PEG-VS hydrogels resulted in lesser inflammatory response, cellular infiltration, and macrophage recruitment after implantation for 28 days in mice. These findings show that altering the end group chemistry of PEG macromer impacts characteristics of the photo-polymerized network. We have developed a tunable non-degradable PEG system that is conducive for cell or tissue encapsulation and evokes a minimal inflammatory response, which could be utilized for future immunoisolation applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The objective of this study was to develop a tunable non-degradable PEG system that is conducive for encapsulation and evokes a minimal inflammatory response, which could be utilized for immunoisolation applications. This study has demonstrated that reactive functional groups of the PEG macromers impact free radical mediated network formation. Here, we show PEG-VS hydrogels meet the design criteria for an immunoisolating device as PEG-VS hydrogels form efficiently via photo-polymerization, impacting bulk properties, was stable in physiological conditions, and elicited a minimal inflammatory response. Further, NVP can be added to the precursor solution to expedite the cross-linking process without impacting cellular response upon encapsulation. These findings present an additional approach/chemistry to encapsulate cells or tissue for immunoisolation applications.
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9
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Marchioli G, Zellner L, Oliveira C, Engelse M, Koning ED, Mano J, Apeldoorn AV, Moroni L. Layered PEGDA hydrogel for islet of Langerhans encapsulation and improvement of vascularization. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2017; 28:195. [PMID: 29151130 PMCID: PMC5694514 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-6004-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Islets of Langerhans need to maintain their round morphology and to be fast revascularized after transplantation to preserve functional insulin secretion in response to glucose stimulation. For this purpose, a non-cell-adhesive environment is preferable for their embedding. Conversely, nutrient and oxygen supply to islets is guaranteed by capillary ingrowth within the construct and this can only be achieved in a matrix that provides adhesion cues for cells. In this study, two different approaches are explored, which are both based on a layered architecture, in order to combine these two opposite requirements. A non-adhesive islet encapsulation layer is based on polyethyleneglycole diacrylate (PEGDA). This first layer is combined with a second hydrogel based on thiolated-gelatin, thiolated-heparin and thiolated-hyaluronic acid providing cues for endothelial cell adhesion and acting as a growth factor releasing matrix. In an alternative approach, a conformal PEGDA coating is covalently applied on the surface of the islets. The coated islets are subsequently embedded in the previously mentioned hydrogel containing thiolated glycosaminoglycans. The suitability of this approach as a matrix for controlled growth factor release has been demonstrated by studying the controlled release of VEGF and bFGF for 14 days. Preliminary tube formation has been quantified on the growth factor loaded hydrogels. This approach should facilitate blood vessel ingrowth towards the embedded islets and maintain islet round morphology and functionality upon implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Marchioli
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa Zellner
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Catarina Oliveira
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Marten Engelse
- Department of Nephrology and Department of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eelco de Koning
- Department of Nephrology and Department of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joao Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Aart van Apeldoorn
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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10
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Ozawa F, Okitsu T, Takeuchi S. Improvement in the Mechanical Properties of Cell-Laden Hydrogel Microfibers Using Interpenetrating Polymer Networks. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:392-398. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fumisato Ozawa
- Institute
of Industrial Science (IIS), The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Takeuchi
Biohybrid Innovation Project, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology
(ERATO), Japan Science and Technology (JST), Komaba Open Laboratory (KOL), Room
M202, 4-6-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Teru Okitsu
- Institute
of Industrial Science (IIS), The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Takeuchi
Biohybrid Innovation Project, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology
(ERATO), Japan Science and Technology (JST), Komaba Open Laboratory (KOL), Room
M202, 4-6-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Shoji Takeuchi
- Institute
of Industrial Science (IIS), The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Takeuchi
Biohybrid Innovation Project, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology
(ERATO), Japan Science and Technology (JST), Komaba Open Laboratory (KOL), Room
M202, 4-6-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
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11
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David A, Day JR, Cichon AL, Lefferts A, Cascalho M, Shikanov A. Restoring Ovarian Endocrine Function with Encapsulated Ovarian Allograft in Immune Competent Mice. Ann Biomed Eng 2016; 45:1685-1696. [PMID: 28028710 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-016-1780-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a major complication of cytotoxic treatments due to extreme ovarian sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation. In pediatric cancer patients modern therapy has improved the long-term survival to over 80% in the United States. However, these cancer survivors face long-term health problems related to treatment toxicity. In female cancer survivors POI leads to sterility, along with the consequences of estrogen deficiency such as premature osteopenia, muscle wasting, accelerated cardiovascular diseases and a vast array of other health and developmental problems. These long-lasting effects are particularly significant for young girls reaching puberty. As such, restoring ovarian endocrine function is paramount in this population. In the present study, we evaluated the feasibility of restoring ovarian endocrine function in ovariectomized mice by transplanting syngeneic and allogeneic ovarian tissue encapsulated in alginate capsules or TheraCyte®. Histological analysis of the implants retrieved after 7 and 30 days' post implantation showed follicular development up to the secondary and antral stages in both syngeneic and allogeneic implants. Implantation of syngeneic and allogeneic ovarian grafts encapsulated in TheraCyte devices restored ovarian endocrine function, which was confirmed by decreased serum FSH levels from 60 to 70 ng/mL in ovariectomized mice to 30-40 ng/mL 30 days after implantation. Absence of allo-MHC-specific IgG and IgM antibodies in the sera of implanted mice with allogeneic ovarian tissue encapsulated in TheraCyte indicate that the implants did not evoke an allo-immune response, while the allogeneic controls were rejected 21 days after implantation. Our results show that TheraCyte effectively isolates the graft from immune recognition but also supports follicular growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu David
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - James Ronald Day
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Alexa Leigh Cichon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Adam Lefferts
- Department of Surgery Transplantation Biology, Medical Science Research Building I, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, A520B, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Marilia Cascalho
- Department of Surgery Transplantation Biology, Medical Science Research Building I, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, A520B, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical Science Research Building I, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, A520B, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ariella Shikanov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. .,Department of Macromolecular Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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12
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Amorim CA, Shikanov A. The artificial ovary: current status and future perspectives. Future Oncol 2016; 12:2323-32. [DOI: 10.2217/fon-2016-0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation and transplantation of ovarian tissue has proved to be a promising technique to safeguard fertility in cancer patients. However, with some types of cancer, there is a risk of transmitting malignant cells present in the cryopreserved tissue, so transplantation after disease remission is not advisable. To restore fertility in these patients, some research teams have been developing a transplantable artificial ovary, whose main goal is to mimic the natural organ. It should be composed of a matrix that encapsulates and protects follicles, as well as ovarian cells, which are necessary for follicle survival and development. This article reviews progress made in the creation of a transplantable artificial ovary and discusses future trends for its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiani A Amorim
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 52, bte. B1.52.02, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ariella Shikanov
- Department of Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, 1101 Beal Avenue, Room 2126 LBME, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2110, USA
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13
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David A, Day J, Shikanov A. Immunoisolation to prevent tissue graft rejection: Current knowledge and future use. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 241:955-61. [PMID: 27188513 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216647129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the concept of immunoisolation and how this method has evolved over the last few decades. The concept of immunoisolation came out of the need to protect allogeneic transplant tissue from the host immune system and avoid systemic side effects of immunosuppression. The latter remains a significant hurdle in clinical translation of using tissue transplants for restoring endocrine function in diabetes, growth hormone deficiency, and other conditions. Herein, we review the most significant works studying the use of hydrogels, specifically alginate and poly (ethylene glycol), and membranes for immunoisolation and discuss how this approach can be applied in reproductive biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu David
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - James Day
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ariella Shikanov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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14
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Qi C, Yan X, Huang C, Melerzanov A, Du Y. Biomaterials as carrier, barrier and reactor for cell-based regenerative medicine. Protein Cell 2015; 6:638-53. [PMID: 26088192 PMCID: PMC4537472 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-015-0179-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy has achieved tremendous success in regenerative medicine in the past several decades. However, challenges such as cell loss, death and immune-rejection after transplantation still persist. Biomaterials have been designed as carriers to deliver cells to desirable region for local tissue regeneration; as barriers to protect transplanted cells from host immune attack; or as reactors to stimulate host cell recruitment, homing and differentiation. With the assistance of biomaterials, improvement in treatment efficiency has been demonstrated in numerous animal models of degenerative diseases compared with routine free cell-based therapy. Emerging clinical applications of biomaterial assisted cell therapies further highlight their great promise in regenerative therapy and even cure for complex diseases, which have been failed to realize by conventional therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Qi
- />Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- />Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Chenyu Huang
- />Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital; Medical Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218 China
| | - Alexander Melerzanov
- />Cellular and Molecular Technologies Laboratory, MIPT, Dolgoprudny, 141701 Russia
| | - Yanan Du
- />Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
- />Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, 310003 China
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15
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Fan M, Zhang Z, Mao J, Tan H. Injectable Multi-Arm Poly(ethylene glycol)/Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels for Adipose Tissue Engineering. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2015.1018804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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16
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Phelps EA, Templeman KL, Thulé PM, García AJ. Engineered VEGF-releasing PEG-MAL hydrogel for pancreatic islet vascularization. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2015; 5:125-36. [PMID: 25787738 PMCID: PMC4366610 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-013-0142-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Biofunctionalized polyethylene glycol maleimide (PEG-MAL) hydrogels were engineered as a platform to deliver pancreatic islets to the small bowel mesentery and promote graft vascularization. VEGF, a potent stimulator of angiogenesis, was incorporated into the hydrogel to be released in an on-demand manner through enzymatic degradation. PEG-MAL hydrogel enabled extended in vivo release of VEGF. Isolated rat islets encapsulated in PEG-MAL hydrogels remained viable in culture and secreted insulin. Islets encapsulated in PEG-MAL matrix and transplanted to the small bowel mesentery of healthy rats grafted to the host tissue and revascularized by 4 weeks. Addition of VEGF release to the PEG-MAL matrix greatly augmented the vascularization response. These results establish PEG-MAL engineered matrices as a vascular-inductive cell delivery vehicle and warrant their further investigation as islet transplantation vehicles in diabetic animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward A. Phelps
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Kellie L. Templeman
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Peter M. Thulé
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 1670 Clairmont Road NE, Decatur, GA 30033
| | - Andrés J. García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332
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Johannesson B, Sui L, Freytes DO, Creusot RJ, Egli D. Toward beta cell replacement for diabetes. EMBO J 2015; 34:841-55. [PMID: 25733347 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201490685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of insulin more than 90 years ago introduced a life-saving treatment for patients with type 1 diabetes, and since then, significant progress has been made in clinical care for all forms of diabetes. However, no method of insulin delivery matches the ability of the human pancreas to reliably and automatically maintain glucose levels within a tight range. Transplantation of human islets or of an intact pancreas can in principle cure diabetes, but this approach is generally reserved for cases with simultaneous transplantation of a kidney, where immunosuppression is already a requirement. Recent advances in cell reprogramming and beta cell differentiation now allow the generation of personalized stem cells, providing an unlimited source of beta cells for research and for developing autologous cell therapies. In this review, we will discuss the utility of stem cell-derived beta cells to investigate the mechanisms of beta cell failure in diabetes, and the challenges to develop beta cell replacement therapies. These challenges include appropriate quality controls of the cells being used, the ability to generate beta cell grafts of stable cellular composition, and in the case of type 1 diabetes, protecting implanted cells from autoimmune destruction without compromising other aspects of the immune system or the functionality of the graft. Such novel treatments will need to match or exceed the relative safety and efficacy of available care for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lina Sui
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center & Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Donald O Freytes
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Remi J Creusot
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine and Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dieter Egli
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, USA Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center & Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Nafea EH, Poole-Warren LA, Martens PJ. Structural and permeability characterization of biosynthetic PVA hydrogels designed for cell-based therapy. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2014; 25:1771-90. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2014.950033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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García AJ. PEG-maleimide hydrogels for protein and cell delivery in regenerative medicine. Ann Biomed Eng 2014; 42:312-22. [PMID: 23881112 PMCID: PMC3875614 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-013-0870-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Protein- and cell-based therapies represent highly promising strategies for regenerative medicine, immunotherapy, and oncology. However, these therapies are significantly limited by delivery considerations, particularly in terms of protein stability and dosing kinetics as well as cell survival, engraftment, and function. Hydrogels represent versatile and robust delivery vehicles for proteins and cells due to their high water content that retains protein biological activity, high cytocompatibility and minimal adverse host reactions, flexibility and tunability in terms of chemistry, structure, and polymerization format, ability to incorporate various biomolecules to convey biofunctionality, and opportunity for minimally invasive delivery as injectable carriers. This review highlights recent progress in the engineering of poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels cross-linked using maleimide reactive groups for protein and cell delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés J García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA,
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20
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Vasculogenic bio-synthetic hydrogel for enhancement of pancreatic islet engraftment and function in type 1 diabetes. Biomaterials 2013; 34:4602-11. [PMID: 23541111 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) affects one in every 400 children and adolescents in the US. Due to the limitations of exogenous insulin therapy and whole pancreas transplantation, pancreatic islet transplantation has emerged as a promising therapy for T1DM. However, this therapy is severely limited by donor islet availability and poor islet engraftment and function. We engineered an injectable bio-synthetic, polyethylene glycol-maleimide hydrogel to enhance vascularization and engraftment of transplanted pancreatic islets in a mouse model of T1DM. Controlled presentation of VEGF-A and cell-adhesive peptides within this engineered material significantly improved the vascularization and function of islets delivered to the small bowel mesentery, a metabolically relevant site for insulin release. Diabetic mice receiving islets transplanted in proteolytically degradable hydrogels incorporating VEGF-A exhibited complete reversal of diabetic hyperglycemia with a 40% reduction in the number of islets required. Furthermore, hydrogel-delivered islets significantly improved weight gain, regulation of a glucose challenge, and intra-islet vascularization and engraftment compared to the clinical standard of islet infusion through the hepatic portal vein. This study establishes a simple biomaterial strategy for islet transplantation to promote enhanced islet engraftment and function.
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21
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Safety and efficacy of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid for removing microcapsules. J Surg Res 2013; 183:442-9. [PMID: 23453836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microencapsulated islets are used to prevent immune rejection associated with pancreatic islet transplantation, but cellular overgrowth affects transplantation success, necessitating removal of microcapsules prior to retransplantation. This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for the removal of microcapsules surrounding islet cells. METHODS Microcapsule dissolution was investigated after in vitro exposure to EDTA for 72 h. Dissolution, blood biochemical markers, and pathologic changes in abdominal organs were observed after intraperitoneal administration of different concentrations of EDTA to rats with abdominally transplanted empty microcapsules. The extent of overgrowth and time to adhesion development were recorded after implantation of microencapsulated islets into the abdominal cavity of diabetic rats. EDTA (0-240 mmol/L) was injected to observe the transplantation effect and ability to dissolve microcapsules. RESULTS There was a positive correlation between the rate of microcapsule dissolution and EDTA concentration in vitro. Following administration of 60 mmol/L EDTA, the majority of microcapsules within the abdominal cavity were dissolved and the retrieval rate was 2.6%. No adverse effects, abnormal blood biochemical markers, or organ damage were observed in rats 1 mo following intraperitoneal injection with EDTA at doses up to 60 mmol/L. Microcapsule retrieval and blood glucose were significantly higher in cases of grade II cellular overgrowth than in cases of grade 0-I overgrowth. CONCLUSIONS EDTA (60 mmol/L) dissolved microcapsules in vivo without affecting islet cell viability or secretion capacity, and without affecting blood biochemical markers. Optimal dissolution was achieved with grade 0-I overgrowth after implantation of microencapsulated islets.
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23
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Acarregui A, Murua A, Pedraz JL, Orive G, Hernández RM. A Perspective on Bioactive Cell Microencapsulation. BioDrugs 2012; 26:283-301. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03261887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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24
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Kozlovskaya V, Zavgorodnya O, Chen Y, Ellis K, Tse HM, Cui W, Thompson JA, Kharlampieva E. Ultrathin polymeric coatings based on hydrogen-bonded polyphenol for protection of pancreatic islet cells. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2012; 22:3389-3398. [PMID: 23538331 PMCID: PMC3607452 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201200138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Though transplantation of pancreatic islet cells has emerged as a promising treatment for Type 1 diabetes its clinical application remains limited due to a number of limitations including both pathogenic innate and adaptive immune responses. We report here on a novel type of multifunctional cytoprotective material applied to coat living pancreatic islets. The coating utilizes hydrogen-bonded interactions of a natural polyphenol (tannic acid) with poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) deposited on the islet surface via non-ionic layer-by-layer assembly. We demonstrate that the coating is conformal over the surface of mammalian islets including those derived from rat, non-human primate (NHP), and human. In contrast to unmodified controls, the coated islets maintain their viability and β-cell functionality for at least 96 hours in vitro. We also determine that the coating demonstrates immunomodulatory cytoprotective properties suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesis in stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages and diabetogenic BDC-2.5 T cells. The coating material combines high chemical stability under physiologically relevant conditions with capability of suppressing cytokine synthesis, crucial parameters for prolonged islet integrity, viability, and function in vivo. Our study offers new opportunities in the area of advanced multifunctional materials to be used for a cell-based transplantation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Kozlovskaya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 (USA)
| | - Oleksandra Zavgorodnya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 (USA)
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 (USA)
| | - Kristin Ellis
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 (USA)
| | - Hubert M. Tse
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 (USA)
| | - Wanxing Cui
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 (USA)
| | - J. Anthony Thompson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 (USA)
| | - Eugenia Kharlampieva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 (USA)
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25
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Giraud S, Bon D, Neuzillet Y, Thuillier R, Eugene M, Hauet T, Barrou B. Concentration and chain length of polyethylene glycol in islet isolation solution: evaluation in a pancreatic islet transplantation model. Cell Transplant 2012; 21:2079-88. [PMID: 22507302 DOI: 10.3727/096368912x638928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve graft preservation and consequently reduce conservation injuries, the composition of preservation solution is of outmost importance. It was demonstrated that the colloid polyethylene glycol (PEG), used in SCOT solution, has protective effects on cell membranes and immunocamouflage properties. The aim of this study was to optimize the concentration and chain length of PEG to improve pancreatic islet preservation and outcome. In a model of murine islet allotransplantation, islets were isolated with SCOT containing various concentrations of PEG 20 kDa or 35 kDa. Better islet yield (IEQ) was obtained with SCO +PEG at 15-30 g/L versus other PEG concentrations and control CMRL-1066 + 1% BSA solution (p < 0.05). Allograft survival was better prolonged (up to 20 days) in the groups SCOT + PEG 20 kDa 10-30 g/L compared to PEG 35 kDa (less than 17.8 days) and to control solutions (less than 17.5 days). In terms of graft function recovery, the use of PEG 20 kDa 15-30 g/L induced no primary nonfunction and delayed graft function contrary to CMRL-1066 and other PEG solutions. The use of the extracellular-type solution SCOT containing PEG 20 kDa 15 g/L as colloid could be a new way to optimize graft integrity preservation and allograft outcome.
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26
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Karpiak JV, Ner Y, Almutairi A. Density gradient multilayer polymerization for creating complex tissue. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:1466-1470. [PMID: 22318771 PMCID: PMC3309044 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201103501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
An adaptable density gradient multilayer polymerization (DGMP) method facilitates simple fabrication of complex multicompartment scaffolds with structurally continuous interfaces. Solvent density liquid-liquid phase segregation compartmentalizes varied mechanical and chemical cues independently. Bulk photopolymerization produces stratified three-dimensional and two-dimensional matrices. Cells attach to patterned adhesion peptides on biomimetic 2D substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome V. Karpiak
- Biomedical Sciences Program University of California at San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093-0600, USA
| | - Yogesh Ner
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of NanoEngineering Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California at San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093-0600, USA
| | - Adah Almutairi
- Biomedical Sciences Program University of California at San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093-0600, USA. Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of NanoEngineering Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California at San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093-0600, USA
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27
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Jeong JH, Hong SW, Hong S, Yook S, Jung Y, Park JB, Khue CD, Im BH, Seo J, Lee H, Ahn CH, Lee DY, Byun Y. Surface camouflage of pancreatic islets using 6-arm-PEG-catechol in combined therapy with tacrolimus and anti-CD154 monoclonal antibody for xenotransplantation. Biomaterials 2011; 32:7961-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Hume PS, Bowman CN, Anseth KS. Functionalized PEG hydrogels through reactive dip-coating for the formation of immunoactive barriers. Biomaterials 2011; 32:6204-12. [PMID: 21658759 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Influencing the host immune system via implantable cell-delivery devices has the potential to reduce inflammation at the transplant site and increase the likelihood of tissue acceptance. Towards this goal, an enzymatically-initiated, dip-coating technique is adapted to fabricate conformal hydrogel layers and to create immunoactive polymer coatings on cell-laden poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels. Glucose oxidase (GOx)-initiated dip coatings enable the rapid formation of uniform, PEG-based coatings on the surfaces of PEG hydrogels, with thicknesses up to 500 μm where the thickness is proportional to the reaction time. Biofunctional coatings were fabricated by thiolating biomolecules that were subsequently covalently incorporated into the coating layer via thiol-acrylate copolymerization. The presence of these proteins was verified via fluorescent confocal microscopy and a modified ELISA, which indicated IgG concentrations as high as 13 ± 1 ng/coated cm² were achievable. Anti-Fas antibody, known to induce T cell apoptosis, was incorporated into coatings, with or without the addition of ICAM-1 to promote T cell interaction with the functionalized coating. Jurkat T cells were seeded atop functionalized coatings and the induction of apoptosis was measured as an indicator of coating bioactivity. After 48 h of interaction with the functionalized coatings, 61 ± 9% of all cells were either apoptotic or dead, compared to only 18 ± 5% of T cells on non-functionalized coatings. Finally, the cytocompatibility of the surface-initiated GOx coating process was confirmed by modifying gels with either encapsulated β-cells or 3T3 fibroblasts within a gel that contained a PEG methacrylate coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick S Hume
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, 424 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
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29
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Nafea EH, Marson A, Poole-Warren LA, Martens PJ. Immunoisolating semi-permeable membranes for cell encapsulation: focus on hydrogels. J Control Release 2011; 154:110-22. [PMID: 21575662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 04/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based medicine has recently emerged as a promising cure for patients suffering from various diseases and disorders that cannot be cured/treated using technologies currently available. Encapsulation within semi-permeable membranes offers transplanted cell protection from the surrounding host environment to achieve successful therapeutic function following in vivo implantation. Apart from the immunoisolation requirements, the encapsulating material must allow for cell survival and differentiation while maintaining its physico-mechanical properties throughout the required implantation period. Here we review the progress made in the development of cell encapsulation technologies from the mass transport side, highlighting the essential requirements of materials comprising immunoisolating membranes. The review will focus on hydrogels, the most common polymers used in cell encapsulation, and discuss the advantages of these materials and the challenges faced in the modification of their immunoisolating and permeability characteristics in order to optimize their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Nafea
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052 NSW, Australia
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Improving Long-Term Outcome in Allograft Transplantation: Role of Ionic Composition and Polyethylene Glycol. Transplantation 2011; 91:605-14. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e3182090fa3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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31
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Hall KK, Gattás-Asfura KM, Stabler CL. Microencapsulation of islets within alginate/poly(ethylene glycol) gels cross-linked via Staudinger ligation. Acta Biomater 2011; 7:614-24. [PMID: 20654745 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Revised: 07/09/2010] [Accepted: 07/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized alginate and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymers were used to generate covalently linked alginate-PEG (XAlgPEG) microbeads of high stability. The cell-compatible Staudinger ligation scheme was used to cross-link phosphine-terminated PEG chemoselectively to azide-functionalized alginate, resulting in XAlgPEG hydrogels. XAlgPEG microbeads were formed by co-incubation of the two polymers, followed by ionic cross-linking of the alginate using barium ions. The enhanced stability and gel properties of the resulting XAlgPEG microbeads, as well as the compatibility of these polymers for the encapsulation of islets and beta cells lines, were investigated. The data show that XAlgPEG microbeads exhibit superior resistance to osmotic swelling compared with traditional barium cross-linked alginate (Ba-Alg) beads, with a five-fold reduction in observed swelling, as well as resistance to dissolution via chelation solution. Diffusion and porosity studies found XAlgPEG beads to exhibit properties comparable with standard Ba-Alg. XAlgPEG microbeads were found to be highly cell compatible with insulinoma cell lines, as well as rat and human pancreatic islets, where the viability and functional assessment of cells within XAlgPEG are comparable with Ba-Alg controls. The remarkable improved stability, as well as demonstrated cellular compatibility, of XAlgPEG hydrogels makes them an appealing option for a wide variety of tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Hall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Miami, 1450 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Schilling CI, Jung N, Biskup M, Schepers U, Bräse S. Bioconjugation via azide–Staudinger ligation: an overview. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:4840-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00123f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Abstract
Clinical islet transplantation (CIT), the infusion of allogeneic islets within the liver, has the potential to provide precise and sustainable control of blood glucose levels for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. The success and long-term outcomes of CIT, however, are limited by obstacles such as a nonoptimal transplantation site and severe inflammatory and immunological responses to the transplant. Tissue engineering strategies are poised to combat these challenges. In this review, emerging methods for engineering an optimal islet transplantation site, as well as novel approaches for improving islet cell encapsulation, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime A Giraldo
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
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Pedrón S, Anseth K, Benton JA, Bosch P, Peinado C. Bioapplications of Networks Based on Photo-Cross-Linked Hyperbranched Polymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201050536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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35
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Tan H, DeFail AJ, Rubin JP, Chu CR, Marra KG. Novel multiarm PEG-based hydrogels for tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 92:979-87. [PMID: 19291691 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Injectable scaffolds are promising substrates for regenerative medicine applications. In this study, multiarm amino-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels were crosslinked with genipin, a compound naturally derived from the gardenia fruit. Four- and eight-arm amino-terminated PEG hydrogels crosslinked with varying concentrations of genipin were characterized. Both surface and cross-sectional structures of PEG-based hydrogels were observed by scanning electron microscopy. In vitro gelation time, water uptake, swelling, and weight loss of PEG hydrogels in phosphate buffered saline at 37 degrees C were studied. The results showed that the eight-arm PEG demonstrated a much slower gelation time compared with the four-arm PEG, which may be due to the differing structures of the multiarm PEG hydrogels, which in turn affects the ability of genipin to react with the amine groups. Human adipose-derived stem cells were seeded onto the four- and eight-arm PEG hydrogels in vitro to assess the biological performance and applicability of the gels as cell carriers. The four-arm PEG hydrogel resulted in enhanced cell adhesion when compared with the eight-arm PEG hydrogel. Overall, these characteristics provide a potential opportunity for multiarm PEG hydrogels as injectable scaffolds in a variety of tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaping Tan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
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Abstract
Hydrogels have many different applications in the field of regenerative medicine. Biodegradable, injectable hydrogels could be utilized as delivery systems, cell carriers, and scaffolds for tissue engineering. Injectable hydrogels are an appealing scaffold because they are structurally similar to the extracellular matrix of many tissues, can often be processed under relatively mild conditions, and may be delivered in a minimally invasive manner. This review will discuss recent advances in the field of injectable hydrogels, including both synthetic and native polymeric materials, which can be potentially used in cartilage and soft tissue engineering applications.
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Modulation of Early Inflammatory Reactions to Promote Engraftment and Function of Transplanted Pancreatic Islets in Autoimmune Diabetes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2010; 654:725-47. [DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-3271-3_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Yuasa T, Rivas-Carrillo JD, Navarro-Alvarez N, Soto-Gutierrez A, Kubota Y, Tabata Y, Okitsu T, Noguchi H, Matsumoto S, Nakaji S, Tanaka N, Kobayashi N. Neovascularization Induced around an Artificial Device Implanted in the Abdomen by the Use of Gelatinized Fibroblast Growth Factor 2. Cell Transplant 2009; 18:683-8. [PMID: 19775531 DOI: 10.1177/096368970901805-625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of a bioartificial pancreas (BAP) with immunoisolating fashion has been gaining attention as a new method for treating diabetes. We have been proceeding with the development of a bag-type BAP that can be easily implanted and that allows for the optional injection or rejection of cells at any time. If fibrosis develops around a BAP device, then the permeability of substances transmitted through a semipermeable membrane will decrease, thereby reducing the reactivity with glucose, so it is necessary for the material of the device to have an excellent histocompatibility. Furthermore, in order to improve the efficacy of BAP treatment, it is important to maintain an environment of ample blood flow around the device. We have created a bag-type device for BAP that is 20 × 20 mm in size and comprises two layers of membranes. We have used an EVAL membrane for the outer membrane of the two layers. The EVAL membrane is a semipermeable membrane with good insulin permeability, which functions as an immunoisolation membrane. The inner membrane consists of PAU-coated HD-PE (nonwoven material processed with polyaminourethan) and it is designed to function as a scaffold for cells. We used Lewis rats to determine whether the effectiveness of fibroblast growth factor 2 (bFGF) can be improved by concomitantly using bFGF with a capacity for blood vessel regeneration as well as bFGF immersed in a sheet of gelatin. We placed the BAP in the abdominal cavity and covered it with the greater omentum. We were able to significantly increase the blood flow and the number of new blood vessels in the tissue surrounding the BAP device by using gelatinized bFGF. There were only a few instances of fibrosis as a biological reaction to the EVAL membrane, and the infiltration of inflammatory cells was mild. There were no adverse effects related to implantation of the device. We confirmed in this study that the use of an implantable BAP device and bFGF allowed for a better blood flow around the BAP device. There were only minor instances of fibrosis and inflammation reaction around the BAP, thus indicating the BAP that we are currently developing to have an excellent histocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yuasa
- Department of Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Jorge D. Rivas-Carrillo
- Department of Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Nalú Navarro-Alvarez
- Department of Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Alejandro Soto-Gutierrez
- Department of Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kubota
- Department of Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Department of Organ Reconstruction and Biomaterials, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Teru Okitsu
- Department of Transplant Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Noguchi
- Baylor Institution for Immunology Research, Islet Cell Transplantation Laboratory, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Okayama University of Science, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
| | - Shinichi Matsumoto
- Baylor Institution for Immunology Research, Islet Cell Transplantation Laboratory, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Okayama University of Science, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
| | - Shuhei Nakaji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Okayama University of Science, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
| | - Noriaki Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Naoya Kobayashi
- Department of Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Gimi B, Kwon J, Kuznetsov A, Vachha B, Magin RL, Philipson LH, Lee JB. A nanoporous, transparent microcontainer for encapsulated islet therapy. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2009; 3:297-303. [PMID: 19746206 PMCID: PMC2739746 DOI: 10.1177/193229680900300210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Present-day islet encapsulation techniques such as polymer microcapsules and microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based biocapsules have shown promise in insulin replacement therapy, but they each have limitations-the permeability characteristics of existing polymeric capsules cannot be strictly controlled because of tortuosity and the large size of present-day MEMS biocapsules leads to necrotic regions within the encapsulation volume. We report on a new microcontainer to encapsulate and immunoprotect islets/beta cells that may be used for allo- or xenotransplantation in cell-based therapy. The microcontainers have membranes containing nanoslots to permit the bidirectional transport of nutrients, secretagogues, and cellular products while immunoprotecting the encapsulated cells. The 300-microm microcontainers were fabricated from an epoxy-based polymer, SU-8, with 50-microm-thick walls. Arrays of 25-nm wide slots were created in the SU-8 microcontainer lid. Isolated mouse islets were encapsulated in the microcontainer, and their physiological response to glucose was studied with fluorescence and two-photon imaging over 48 hours. The physiological response of the encapsulated islets was indistinguishable from controls. An agarose-filled microcontainer was imaged with magnetic resonance imaging to demonstrate the feasibility of future noninvasive, in vivo imaging. The SU-8 microcontainers maintained mechanical integrity upon islet loading and mechanical manipulation. Islet encapsulation, as well as the ability to visualize islet function within these transparent microcontainers, was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barjor Gimi
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
- University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | - Behroze Vachha
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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