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Ju R, Gao X, Zhang C, Tang W, Tian W, He M. Exogenous MSC based tissue regeneration: a review of immuno-protection strategies from biomaterial scaffolds. J Mater Chem B 2024. [PMID: 39171946 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00778f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based tissue engineering holds great potential for regenerative medicine as a means of replacing damaged or lost tissues to restore their structure and function. However, the efficacy of MSC-based regeneration is frequently limited by the low survival rate and limited survival time of transplanted MSCs. Despite the inherent immune privileges of MSCs, such as low expression of major histocompatibility complex antigens, tolerogenic properties, local immunosuppressive microenvironment creation, and induction of immune tolerance, immune rejection remains a major obstacle to their survival and regenerative potential. Evidence suggests that immune protection strategies can enhance MSC therapeutic efficacy by prolonging their survival and maintaining their biological functions. Among various immune protection strategies, biomaterial-based scaffolds or cell encapsulation systems that mediate the interaction between transplanted MSCs and the host immune system or spatially isolate MSCs from the immune system for a specific time period have shown great promise. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of these biomaterial-based immune protection strategies employed for exogenous MSCs, highlighting the crucial role of modulating the immune microenvironment. Each strategy is critically examined, discussing its strengths, limitations, and potential applications in MSC-based tissue engineering. By elucidating the mechanisms behind immune rejection and exploring immune protection strategies, we aim to address the challenges faced by MSC-based tissue engineering and pave the way for enhancing the therapeutic outcomes of MSC therapies. The insights gained from this review will contribute to the development of more effective strategies to protect transplanted MSCs from immune rejection and enable their successful application in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongbai Ju
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xinhui Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Weidong Tian
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Min He
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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2
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Taheri M, Tehrani HA, Dehghani S, Alibolandi M, Arefian E, Ramezani M. Nanotechnology and bioengineering approaches to improve the potency of mesenchymal stem cell as an off-the-shelf versatile tumor delivery vehicle. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1596-1661. [PMID: 38299924 DOI: 10.1002/med.22023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Targeting actionable mutations in oncogene-driven cancers and the evolution of immuno-oncology are the two prominent revolutions that have influenced cancer treatment paradigms and caused the emergence of precision oncology. However, intertumoral and intratumoral heterogeneity are the main challenges in both fields of precision cancer treatment. In other words, finding a universal marker or pathway in patients suffering from a particular type of cancer is challenging. Therefore, targeting a single hallmark or pathway with a single targeted therapeutic will not be efficient for fighting against tumor heterogeneity. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess favorable characteristics for cellular therapy, including their hypoimmune nature, inherent tumor-tropism property, straightforward isolation, and multilineage differentiation potential. MSCs can be loaded with various chemotherapeutics and oncolytic viruses. The combination of these intrinsic features with the possibility of genetic manipulation makes them a versatile tumor delivery vehicle that can be used for in vivo selective tumor delivery of various chemotherapeutic and biological therapeutics. MSCs can be used as biofactory for the local production of chemical or biological anticancer agents at the tumor site. MSC-mediated immunotherapy could facilitate the sustained release of immunotherapeutic agents specifically at the tumor site, and allow for the achievement of therapeutic concentrations without the need for repetitive systemic administration of high therapeutic doses. Despite the enthusiasm evoked by preclinical studies that used MSC in various cancer therapy approaches, the translation of MSCs into clinical applications has faced serious challenges. This manuscript, with a critical viewpoint, reviewed the preclinical and clinical studies that have evaluated MSCs as a selective tumor delivery tool in various cancer therapy approaches, including gene therapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy. Then, the novel nanotechnology and bioengineering approaches that can improve the potency of MSC for tumor targeting and overcoming challenges related to their low localization at the tumor sites are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Taheri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Abdul Tehrani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Dehghani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mona Alibolandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Arefian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Pediatric Cell and Gene Therapy Research Center, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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3
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Xu W, Yang Y, Li N, Hua J. Interaction between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Immune Cells during Bone Injury Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14484. [PMID: 37833933 PMCID: PMC10572976 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fractures are the most common large organ trauma in humans. The initial inflammatory response promotes bone healing during the initial post-fracture phase, but chronic and persistent inflammation due to infection or other factors does not contribute to the healing process. The precise mechanisms by which immune cells and their cytokines are regulated in bone healing remain unclear. The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for cellular therapy of bone injuries is a novel clinical treatment approach. Bone progenitor MSCs not only differentiate into bone, but also interact with the immune system to promote the healing process. We review in vitro and in vivo studies on the role of the immune system and bone marrow MSCs in bone healing and their interactions. A deeper understanding of this paradigm may provide clues to potential therapeutic targets in the healing process, thereby improving the reliability and safety of clinical applications of MSCs to promote bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Na Li
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (W.X.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Jinlian Hua
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (W.X.); (Y.Y.)
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4
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Zhou Y, Cheng L, Liu L, Li X. NK cells are never alone: crosstalk and communication in tumour microenvironments. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:34. [PMID: 36797782 PMCID: PMC9933398 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01737-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune escape is a hallmark of cancer. The dynamic and heterogeneous tumour microenvironment (TME) causes insufficient infiltration and poor efficacy of natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy, which becomes a key factor triggering tumour progression. Understanding the crosstalk between NK cells and the TME provides new insights for optimising NK cell-based immunotherapy. Here, we present new advances in direct or indirect crosstalk between NK cells and 9 specialised TMEs, including immune, metabolic, innervated niche, mechanical, and microbial microenvironments, summarise TME-mediated mechanisms of NK cell function inhibition, and highlight potential targeted therapies for NK-TME crosstalk. Importantly, we discuss novel strategies to overcome the inhibitory TME and provide an attractive outlook for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Zhou
- grid.32566.340000 0000 8571 0482The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou, 730000 China ,grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China ,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lu Liu
- grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xun Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.
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Nguyen TT, Pham DV, Park J, Phung CD, Nepal MR, Pandit M, Shrestha M, Son Y, Joshi M, Jeong TC, Park PH, Choi DY, Chang JH, Kim JH, Kim JR, Kim IK, Yong CS, Kim JO, Sung JH, Jiang HL, Kim HS, Yook S, Jeong JH. Engineering of hybrid spheroids of mesenchymal stem cells and drug depots for immunomodulating effect in islet xenotransplantation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn8614. [PMID: 36001671 PMCID: PMC9401619 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn8614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Immunomodulation is an essential consideration for cell replacement procedures. Unfortunately, lifelong exposure to nonspecific systemic immunosuppression results in immunodeficiency and has toxic effects on nonimmune cells. Here, we engineered hybrid spheroids of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with rapamycin-releasing poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles (RAP-MPs) to prevent immune rejection of islet xenografts in diabetic C57BL/6 mice. Hybrid spheroids were rapidly formed by incubating cell-particle mixture in methylcellulose solution while maintaining high cell viability. RAP-MPs were uniformly distributed in hybrid spheroids and sustainably released RAP for ~3 weeks. Locoregional transplantation of hybrid spheroids containing low doses of RAP-MPs (200- to 4000-ng RAP per recipient) significantly prolonged islet survival times and promoted the generation of regional regulatory T cells. Enhanced programmed death-ligand 1 expression by MSCs was found to be responsible for the immunomodulatory performance of hybrid spheroids. Our results suggest that these hybrid spheroids offer a promising platform for the efficient use of MSCs in the transplantation field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiep Tien Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Duc-Vinh Pham
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyeung Park
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Cao Dai Phung
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahesh Raj Nepal
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahesh Pandit
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Manju Shrestha
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Youlim Son
- College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Mili Joshi
- College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Cheon Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil-Hoon Park
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Young Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ryong Kim
- College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Kug Kim
- College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Soon Yong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Oh Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyuk Sung
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
- Epibiotech Co. Ltd., Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Hu-Lin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hyung-Sik Kim
- Department of Life Science in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Simmyung Yook
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Heon Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
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Boland L, Bitterlich LM, Hogan AE, Ankrum JA, English K. Translating MSC Therapy in the Age of Obesity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:943333. [PMID: 35860241 PMCID: PMC9289617 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.943333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy has seen increased attention as a possible option to treat a number of inflammatory conditions including COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). As rates of obesity and metabolic disease continue to rise worldwide, increasing proportions of patients treated with MSC therapy will be living with obesity. The obese environment poses critical challenges for immunomodulatory therapies that should be accounted for during development and testing of MSCs. In this review, we look to cancer immunotherapy as a model for the challenges MSCs may face in obese environments. We then outline current evidence that obesity alters MSC immunomodulatory function, drastically modifies the host immune system, and therefore reshapes interactions between MSCs and immune cells. Finally, we argue that obese environments may alter essential features of allogeneic MSCs and offer potential strategies for licensing of MSCs to enhance their efficacy in the obese microenvironment. Our aim is to combine insights from basic research in MSC biology and clinical trials to inform new strategies to ensure MSC therapy is effective for a broad range of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Boland
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Laura Melanie Bitterlich
- Biology Department, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Andrew E. Hogan
- Biology Department, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - James A. Ankrum
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- *Correspondence: James A. Ankrum, ; Karen English,
| | - Karen English
- Biology Department, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth, Ireland
- *Correspondence: James A. Ankrum, ; Karen English,
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Ren G, Peng Q, Fink T, Zachar V, Porsborg SR. Potency assays for human adipose-derived stem cells as a medicinal product toward wound healing. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:249. [PMID: 35690872 PMCID: PMC9188073 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02928-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In pre-clinical studies, human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) have shown great promise as a treatment modality for healing of cutaneous wounds. The advantages of hASCs are that they are relatively easy to obtain in large numbers from basic liposuctions, they maintain their characteristics after long-term in vitro culture, and they possess low immunogenicity, which enables the use of hASCs from random donors. It has been hypothesized that hASCs exert their wound healing properties by reducing inflammation, inducing angiogenesis, and promoting fibroblast and keratinocyte growth. Due to the inherent variability associated with the donor-dependent nature of ASC-based products, it appears necessary that the quality of the different products is prospectively certified using a set of most relevant potency assays. In this review, we present an overview of the available methodologies to assess the Mode and the Mechanism of Action of hASCs, specifically in the wound healing scenario. In conclusion, we propose a panel of potential potency assays to include in the future production of ASC-based medicinal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Ren
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Qiuyue Peng
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Trine Fink
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Vladimir Zachar
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Simone Riis Porsborg
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark.
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8
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Li Y, Ricardo SD, Samuel CS. Enhancing the Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Based Therapies with an Anti-Fibrotic Agent for the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116035. [PMID: 35682717 PMCID: PMC9181689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 1 in 10 members of the general population, placing these patients at an increasingly high risk of kidney failure. Despite the significant burden of CKD on various healthcare systems, there are no effective cures that reverse or even halt its progression. In recent years, human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) have been recognised as a novel therapy for CKDs, owing to their well-established immunomodulatory and tissue-reparative properties in preclinical settings, and their promising safety profile that has been demonstrated in patients with CKDs from several clinical trials. However, renal fibrosis (scarring), a hallmark of CKD, has been shown to impair the viability and functionality of BM-MSCs post-transplantation. This has suggested that BM-MSCs might require a pre-treatment or adjunct therapy that can enhance the viability and therapeutic efficacy of these stromal cells in chronic disease settings. To address this, recent studies that have combined BM-MSCs with the anti-fibrotic drug serelaxin (RLX), have demonstrated the enhanced therapeutic potential of this combination therapy in normotensive and hypertensive preclinical models of CKD. In this review, a critical appraisal of the preclinical data available on the anti-fibrotic and renoprotective actions of BM-MSCs or RLX alone and when combined, as a treatment option for normotensive vs. hypertensive CKD, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Li
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia;
| | - Sharon D. Ricardo
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- Correspondence: (S.D.R.); (C.S.S.)
| | - Chrishan S. Samuel
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia;
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Correspondence: (S.D.R.); (C.S.S.)
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9
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Li J, Luo M, Li B, Lou Y, Zhu Y, Bai X, Sun B, Lu X, Luo P. Immunomodulatory Activity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Lupus Nephritis: Advances and Applications. Front Immunol 2022; 13:843192. [PMID: 35359961 PMCID: PMC8960601 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.843192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a significant cause of various acute and chronic renal diseases, which can eventually lead to end-stage renal disease. The pathogenic mechanisms of LN are characterized by abnormal activation of the immune responses, increased cytokine production, and dysregulation of inflammatory signaling pathways. LN treatment is an important issue in the prevention and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the advantages of immunomodulation, anti-inflammation, and anti-proliferation. These unique properties make MSCs a strong candidate for cell therapy of autoimmune diseases. MSCs can suppress the proliferation of innate and adaptive immune cells, such as natural killer cells (NKs), dendritic cells (DCs), T cells, and B cells. Furthermore, MSCs suppress the functions of various immune cells, such as the cytotoxicity of T cells and NKs, maturation and antibody secretion of B cells, maturation and antigen presentation of DCs, and inhibition of cytokine secretion, such as interleukins (ILs), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interferons (IFNs) by a variety of immune cells. MSCs can exert immunomodulatory effects in LN through these immune functions to suppress autoimmunity, improve renal pathology, and restore kidney function in lupus mice and LN patients. Herein, we review the role of immune cells and cytokines in the pathogenesis of LN and the mechanisms involved, as well as the progress of research on the immunomodulatory role of MSCs in LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jicui Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Manyu Luo
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Lou
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuexin Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Baichao Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuehong Lu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ping Luo
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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10
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Zheng D, Wang X, Zhang Z, Li E, Yeung C, Borkar R, Qin G, Wu Y, Xu RH. Engineering of human mesenchymal stem cells resistant to multiple natural killer subtypes. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:426-440. [PMID: 34975342 PMCID: PMC8692142 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.64640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a therapeutic promise are often quickly cleared by innate immune cells of the host including natural killer (NK) cells. Efforts have been made to generate immune-escaping human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) where T cell immunity is evaded by defecting β-2-microglobulin (B2M), a common unit for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I, and NK cells are inhibited via ectopic expression of HLA-E or -G. However, NK subtypes vary among recipients and even at different pathologic statuses. It is necessary to dissect and optimize the efficacy of the immune-escaping cells against NK subtypes. Here, we first generated B2M knockout hESCs and differentiated them to MSCs (EMSCs) and found that NK resistance occurred with B2M-/- EMSCs expressing HLA-E and -G only when they were transduced via an inducible lentiviral system in a dose-dependent manner but not when they were inserted into a safe harbor. HLA-E and -G expressed at high levels together in transduced EMSCs inhibited three major NK subtypes, including NKG2A+/LILRB1+, NKG2A+/LILRB1-, and NKG2A-/LILRB1+, which was further potentiated by IFN-γ priming. Thus, this study engineers MSCs with resistance to multiple NK subtypes and underscores that dosage matters when a transgene is used to confer a novel effect to host cells, especially for therapeutic cells to evade immune rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejin Zheng
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.,Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.,Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Zhenwu Zhang
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.,Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Enqin Li
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.,Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Cheungkwan Yeung
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.,Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Roma Borkar
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.,Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Guihui Qin
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.,Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Yaojiong Wu
- The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, International Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ren-He Xu
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.,Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
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11
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Adipose-Derived Stem/Stromal Cells in Kidney Transplantation: Status Quo and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011188. [PMID: 34681848 PMCID: PMC8538841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney transplantation (KT) is the gold standard treatment of end-stage renal disease. Despite progressive advances in organ preservation, surgical technique, intensive care, and immunosuppression, long-term allograft survival has not significantly improved. Among the many peri-operative complications that can jeopardize transplant outcomes, ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) deserves special consideration as it is associated with delayed graft function, acute rejection, and premature transplant loss. Over the years, several strategies have been proposed to mitigate the impact of IRI and favor tolerance, with rather disappointing results. There is mounting evidence that adipose stem/stromal cells (ASCs) possess specific characteristics that could help prevent, reduce, or reverse IRI. Immunomodulating and tolerogenic properties have also been suggested, thus leading to the development of ASC-based prophylactic and therapeutic strategies in pre-clinical and clinical models of renal IRI and allograft rejection. ASCs are copious, easy to harvest, and readily expandable in culture. Furthermore, ASCs can secrete extracellular vesicles (EV) which may act as powerful mediators of tissue repair and tolerance. In the present review, we discuss the current knowledge on the mechanisms of action and therapeutic opportunities offered by ASCs and ASC-derived EVs in the KT setting. Most relevant pre-clinical and clinical studies as well as actual limitations and future perspective are highlighted.
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12
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Lv X, Guan C, Li Y, Su X, Zhang L, Wang X, Xia HF, Ma X. Effects of single and multiple transplantations of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on the recovery of ovarian function in the treatment of premature ovarian failure in mice. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:119. [PMID: 34526090 PMCID: PMC8442267 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00871-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, there is no effective treatment for premature ovarian failure (POF), and stem cell therapy is considered the most promising treatment. Human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) have shown good regenerative ability in various diseases, including POF; however, their underlying mechanism and dosage for POF treatment remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the effect of single and multiple injections of hUC-MSCs on ovarian function repair in chemotherapy-induced POF. METHODS Female mice were intraperitoneally injected with 30 mg/kg busulfan and 120 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (CTX) to induce POF. In the single hUC-MSC injection group, hUC-MSCs were transplanted into mice D7 after CTX and busulfan administration, while in the multiple injection group, hUC-MSCs were transplanted on D7, D14, and D21 after CTX and busulfan administration. We evaluated the ovarian morphology, fertility, follicle-stimulating hormone and estradiol concentrations, follicle count, POF model, and cell transplantation results. In addition, real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and miRNA and mRNA chips were used to evaluate the effect of the cell therapy. RESULTS Ovary size, number of follicle at all developmental stages, and fertility were significantly reduced in the POF group compared with the control. Under hUC-MSC treatment, the ovarian morphology and follicle count were significantly restored, and fertility was significantly increased. By comparing the single and multiple hUC-MSC injection groups, we found that the anti-Müllerian hormone and Ki-67 levels were significantly increased in the multiple hUC-MSC group on D60 after chemotherapy. The expression of stimulating hormone receptors, inhibin α, and inhibin β was significantly restored, and the therapeutic effect was superior to that of the single hUC-MSC injection group. CONCLUSION These results indicate that hUC-MSCs can restore the structure of injured ovarian tissue and its function in chemotherapy-induced POF mice and ameliorate fertility. Multiple hUC-MSC transplantations have a better effect on the recovery of ovarian function than single hUC-MSC transplantation in POF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Lv
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of the National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China.,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Chunyi Guan
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of the National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China.,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ying Li
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of the National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China.,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xing Su
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of the National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China.,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of the National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China.,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xueqin Wang
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of the National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China.,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hong-Fei Xia
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of the National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China. .,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Xu Ma
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of the National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China. .,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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13
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Hasgur S, Desbourdes L, Relation T, Overholt KM, Stanek JR, Guess AJ, Yu M, Patel P, Roback L, Dominici M, Otsuru S, Horwitz EM. Splenic macrophage phagocytosis of intravenously infused mesenchymal stromal cells attenuates tumor localization. Cytotherapy 2021; 23:411-422. [PMID: 33781710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.04.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) possess remarkable tumor tropism, making them ideal vehicles to deliver tumor-targeted therapeutic agents; however, their value in clinical medicine has yet to be realized. A barrier to clinical utilization is that only a small fraction of infused MSCs ultimately localize to the tumor. In an effort to overcome this obstacle, we sought to enhance MSC trafficking by focusing on the factors that govern MSC arrival within the tumor microenvironment. Our findings show that MSC chemoattraction is only present in select tumors, including osteosarcoma, and that the chemotactic potency among similar tumors varies substantially. Using an osteosarcoma xenograft model, we show that human MSCs traffic to the tumor within several hours of infusion. After arrival, MSCs are observed to localize in clusters near blood vessels and MSC-associated bioluminescence signal intensity is increased, suggesting that the seeded cells expand after engraftment. However, our studies reveal that a significant portion of MSCs are eliminated en route by splenic macrophage phagocytosis, effectively limiting the number of cells available for tumor engraftment. To increase MSC survival, we transiently depleted macrophages with liposomal clodronate, which resulted in increased tumor localization without substantial reduction in tumor-associated macrophages. Our data suggest that transient macrophage depletion will significantly increase the number of MSCs in the spleen and thus improve MSC localization within a tumor, theoretically increasing the effective dose of an anti-cancer agent. This strategy may subsequently improve the clinical efficacy of MSCs as vehicles for the tumor-directed delivery of therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suheyla Hasgur
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Laura Desbourdes
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Theresa Relation
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kathleen M Overholt
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Joseph R Stanek
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Adam J Guess
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Minjun Yu
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Pratik Patel
- Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Linda Roback
- Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Satoru Otsuru
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Edwin M Horwitz
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
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14
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Chieregato K, Bernardi M, Alghisi A, Giordano R, Lazzari L, Perbellini O, Rassu M, Ruggeri M, Astori G. A flow cytometric assay for the quantification of MSC lysis by peripheral blood mononucleated cells. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06036. [PMID: 33553772 PMCID: PMC7856420 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are attractive candidates for the treatment of acute graft versus host disease (aGvHD) or autoimmune disorders. However, mechanisms of MSC recognition remain unclear and there are evidences that MSC are not totally immunoprivileged. Data suggest that MSC undergo apoptosis after infusion in presence of cytotoxic cells and their death could drive immunosuppression. In GvHD patients, that activity was associated with clinical response. It is mandatory to develop an in vitro potency testing predictor of the "in vivo" response to the therapy. We describe a flow cytometric assay based on differential immunostaining of target and effector cells where BM MSC are enumerated with fluorospheres to determine the loss of target cells after co-culture with PB MNC. 6/13 (46%) of BM MSC lots were lysed by PB MNC and the lysis was proportional to the E/T cell ratio. The method overcomes the problems linked to the use of dyes or radioactive, evidencing the limitations linked to the use of a single vital dye and proposing a precise gating strategy based on absolute cell counts where cells are left untouched. The assay is easy and could be used to predict the response of the patients to the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Chieregato
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Vicenza Hospital, Italy.,CORIS Veneto - Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina Bernardi
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Vicenza Hospital, Italy.,CORIS Veneto - Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberta Alghisi
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Service, Vicenza Hospital, Italy
| | - Rosaria Giordano
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Omar Perbellini
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Vicenza Hospital, Italy
| | - Mario Rassu
- Department of Microbiology, Vicenza Hospital, Italy
| | - Marco Ruggeri
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Vicenza Hospital, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Astori
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Vicenza Hospital, Italy
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15
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Abstract
Over the past decade, the clinical application of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has generated growing enthusiasm as an innovative cell-based approach in solid organ transplantation (SOT). These expectations arise from a significant number of both transplant- and non-transplant-related experimental studies investigating the complex anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and tissue-repair properties of MSCs. Promising preclinical results have prompted clinical trials using MSC-based therapy in SOT. In the present review, the general properties of MSCs are summarized, with a particular emphasis on MSC-mediated impact on the immune system and in the ischemic conditioning strategy. Next, we chronologically detail all clinical trials using MSCs in the field of SOT. Finally, we envision the challenges and perspectives of MSC-based cell therapy in SOT.
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16
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Moloudizargari M, Govahi A, Fallah M, Rezvanfar MA, Asghari MH, Abdollahi M. The mechanisms of cellular crosstalk between mesenchymal stem cells and natural killer cells: Therapeutic implications. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:2413-2429. [PMID: 32892356 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are mesenchymal precursors of various origins, with well-known immunomodulatory effects. Natural killer (NK) cells, the major cells of the innate immune system, are critical for the antitumor and antiviral defenses; however, in certain cases, they may be the main culprits in the pathogenesis of some NK-related conditions such as autoimmunities and hematological malignancies. On the other hand, these cells seem to be the major responders in beneficial phenomena like graft versus leukemia. Substantial data suggest that MSCs can variably affect NK cells and can be affected by these cells. Accordingly, acquiring a profound understanding of the crosstalk between MSCs and NK cells and the involved mechanisms seems to be a necessity to develop therapeutic approaches based on such interactions. Therefore, in this study, we made a thorough review of the existing literature on the interactions between MSCs and NK cells with a focus on the underlying mechanisms. The current knowledge herein suggests that MSCs possess a great potential to be used as tools for therapeutic targeting of NK cells in disease context and that preconditioning of MSCs, as well as their genetic manipulation before administration, may provide a wider variety of options in terms of eliciting more specific and desirable therapeutic outcomes. Nevertheless, our knowledge regarding the effects of MSCs on NK cells is still in its infancy, and further studies with well-defined conditions are warranted herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Moloudizargari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Govahi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Fallah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medicinal Plant Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
| | - Mohammad A Rezvanfar
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), and Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad H Asghari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), and Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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17
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Cherian DS, Bhuvan T, Meagher L, Heng TSP. Biological Considerations in Scaling Up Therapeutic Cell Manufacturing. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:654. [PMID: 32528277 PMCID: PMC7247829 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapeutics - using cells as living drugs - have made advances in many areas of medicine. One of the most clinically studied cell-based therapy products is mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which have shown promising results in promoting tissue regeneration and modulating inflammation. However, MSC therapy requires large numbers of cells, the generation of which is not feasible via conventional planar tissue culture methods. Scale-up manufacturing methods (e.g., propagation on microcarriers in stirred-tank bioreactors), however, are not specifically tailored for MSC expansion. These processes may, in principle, alter the cell secretome, a vital component underlying the immunosuppressive properties and clinical effectiveness of MSCs. This review outlines our current understanding of MSC properties and immunomodulatory function, expansion in commercial manufacturing systems, and gaps in our knowledge that need to be addressed for effective up-scaling commercialization of MSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshana S Cherian
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Tejasvini Bhuvan
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Laurence Meagher
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Tracy S P Heng
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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18
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Hwang JW, Lee NK, Yang JH, Son HJ, Bang SI, Chang JW, Na DL. A Comparison of Immune Responses Exerted Following Syngeneic, Allogeneic, and Xenogeneic Transplantation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells into the Mouse Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093052. [PMID: 32357509 PMCID: PMC7246520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their multifactorial aspects, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely established as an attractive and potential candidate for the treatment of a multitude of diseases. A substantial number of studies advocate that MSCs are poorly immunogenic. In several studies, however, immune responses were observed following injections of xenogeneic donor MSCs. In this study, the aim was to examine differences in immune responses exerted based on transplantations of xenogeneic, syngeneic, and allogeneic MSCs in the wild-type mouse brain. Xenogeneic, allogeneic, and syngeneic MSCs were intracerebrally injected into C57BL/6 mice. Mice were sacrificed one week following transplantation. Based on immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis, leukocytes and neutrophils were expressed at the injection sites in the following order (highest to lowest) xenogeneic, allogeneic, and syngeneic. In contrast, microglia and macrophages were expressed in the following order (highest to lowest): syngeneic, allogeneic, and xenogeneic. Residual human MSCs in the mouse brain were barely detected after seven days. Although the discrepancy between leukocytes versus macrophages/microglia infiltration should be resolved, our results overall argue against the previous notions that MSCs are poorly immunogenic and that modulation of immune responses is a prerequisite for preclinical and clinical studies in MSC therapy of central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Won Hwang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Na Kyung Lee
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea
- School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Je Hoon Yang
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Son
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea
- School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Sa Ik Bang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Jong Wook Chang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea
- R&D Center, ENCell Co. Ltd., Seoul 06072, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.W.C.); (D.L.N.); Tel.: +82-2-3410-3687 (J.W.C.); +82-2-3410-3591 (D.L.N.); Fax: +82-2-3410-0052 (D.L.N.)
| | - Duk L. Na
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06072, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.W.C.); (D.L.N.); Tel.: +82-2-3410-3687 (J.W.C.); +82-2-3410-3591 (D.L.N.); Fax: +82-2-3410-0052 (D.L.N.)
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19
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Sadatpoor SO, Salehi Z, Rahban D, Salimi A. Manipulated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Applications in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Stem Cells 2020; 13:24-45. [PMID: 32114741 PMCID: PMC7119211 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc19031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that have multilinear differentiation and self-renewal abilities. These cells are immune-privileged as they express no or low level of class-II major histocompatibility complex (MHC-II) and other costimulatory molecules. Having neuroprotective and regenerative properties, MSCs can be used to ameliorate several intractable neurodegenerative disorders by affecting both innate and adaptive immune systems. Several manipulations like pretreating MSCs with different conditions or agents, and using molecules derived from MSCs or genetically manipulating them, are the common and practical ways that can be used to strengthen MSCs survival and potency. Improved MSCs can have significantly enhanced impacts on diseases compared to MSCs not manipulated. In this review, we describe some of the most important manipulations that have been exerted on MSCs to improve their therapeutic functions and their applications in ameliorating three prevalent neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed omid Sadatpoor
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Salehi
- Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dariush Rahban
- Department of Nanomedicine, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Salimi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Brinkhof B, Zhang B, Cui Z, Ye H, Wang H. ALCAM (CD166) as a gene expression marker for human mesenchymal stromal cell characterisation. Gene X 2020; 763S:100031. [PMID: 32550557 PMCID: PMC7285916 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) phenotypically share their positive expression of the International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy (ISCT) markers CD73, CD90 and CD105 with fibroblasts. Fibroblasts are often co-isolated as an unwanted by-product from biopsy and they can rapidly overgrow the MSCs in culture. Indeed, many other surface markers have been proposed, though no unique MSC specific marker has been identified yet. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) is a precise, efficient and rapid method for gene expression analysis. To identify a marker suitable for accurate MSC characterisation, qPCR was exploited. Methods and results Two commercially obtained bone marrow (BM) derived MSCs and an hTERT immortalised BM-MSC line (MSC-TERT) have been cultured for different days and at different oxygen levels before RNA extraction. Together with RNA samples previous extracted from umbilical cord derived MSCs and MSC-TERT cells cultured in 2D or 3D, this heterogeneous sample set was quantitatively analysed for the expression levels of 18 candidate MSC marker genes. The expression levels in MSCs were compared with the expression levels in fibroblasts to verify the differentiation capability of these genes between MSCs and fibroblasts. None of the ISCT markers could differentiate between fibroblasts and MSCs. A total of six other genes (ALCAM, CLIC1, EDIL3, EPHA2, NECTIN2, and TMEM47) were identified as possible biomarkers for accurate identification of MSCs. Conclusion Justified by considerations on expression level, reliability and specificity, Activated-Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule (ALCAM) was the best candidate for improving the biomarker set of MSC identification.
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Key Words
- (q)PCR, (quantitative) polymerase chain reaction
- AD, adipose
- AF, Amniotic Fluid
- ALCAM, Activated-Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule
- Activated-leukocyte cell adhesion molecule
- BM, bone marrow
- BSG, Basigin
- Biomarker
- CD, cluster of differentiation
- CLIC1, chloride intracellular channel 1
- CLIC4, chloride intracellular channel 4
- Cq, Quantification cycle
- DF, Dermal Fibroblasts
- DP, Dental Pulp
- EDIL3, EGF like repeats and discoidin domains 3
- ENG, Endoglin
- EPHA2, EPH receptor A2
- ER, Endoplasmatic Reticulum
- FACS, Fluorescence Assisted Cell Sorting
- FN1, Fibronectin 1
- IGFBP7, insulin like growth factor binding protein 7
- ISCT, International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy
- ITGA1, integrin subunit alpha 1
- LAMP1, lysosomal associated membrane protein 1
- LRRC59, leucine rich repeat containing 59
- MCAM, melanoma cell adhesion molecule
- MM, Multiple Myeloma
- MPC, Mesenchymal Progenitor Cell
- MSC
- MSC, Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
- NECTIN2, nectin cell adhesion molecule 2
- NK, Natural Killer
- NT5E, 5′-nucleotidase ecto
- OS, Osteosarcoma
- PL, Placenta
- PPIA, peptidylprolyl isomerase A
- PUM1, pumilio RNA binding family member 1
- RM, Regenerative Medicine
- RNA
- RNA-seq, RNA sequencing
- RT, Reverse Transcriptase
- Regenerative medicine
- SEM, Standard Error of the Mean
- TBP, TATA-box binding protein
- TCF, Tissue Culture Plate
- TE, Tissue Engineering
- TFRC, transferrin receptor
- THY1, Thy-1 cell surface antigen
- TLN1, Talin 1
- TMEM47, transmembrane protein 47
- UC, umbilical cord
- YWHAZ, tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein zeta
- cDNA, DNA complementary to RNA
- qPCR
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas Brinkhof
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Bo Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Zhanfeng Cui
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hua Ye
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Oxford Suzhou Centre for Advanced Research, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu 215123, China
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21
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Therapeutic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Immunotherapy and for Gene and Drug Delivery. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2020; 16:204-224. [PMID: 32071924 PMCID: PMC7012781 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) possess several fairly unique properties that, when combined, make them ideally suited for cellular-based immunotherapy and as vehicles for gene and drug delivery for a wide range of diseases and disorders. Key among these are: (1) their relative ease of isolation from a variety of tissues; (2) the ability to be expanded in culture without a loss of functionality, a property that varies to some degree with tissue source; (3) they are relatively immune-inert, perhaps obviating the need for precise donor/recipient matching; (4) they possess potent immunomodulatory functions that can be tailored by so-called licensing in vitro and in vivo; (5) the efficiency with which they can be modified with viral-based vectors; and (6) their almost uncanny ability to selectively home to damaged tissues, tumors, and metastases following systemic administration. In this review, we summarize the latest research in the immunological properties of MSCs, their use as immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory agents, methods for licensing MSCs to customize their immunological profile, and their use as vehicles for transferring both therapeutic genes in genetic disease and drugs and genes designed to destroy tumor cells.
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22
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Kot M, Baj-Krzyworzeka M, Szatanek R, Musiał-Wysocka A, Suda-Szczurek M, Majka M. The Importance of HLA Assessment in "Off-the-Shelf" Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Based-Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5680. [PMID: 31766164 PMCID: PMC6888380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The need for more effective therapies of chronic and acute diseases has led to the attempts of developing more adequate and less invasive treatment methods. Regenerative medicine relies mainly on the therapeutic potential of stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), due to their immunosuppressive properties and tissue repair abilities, seem to be an ideal tool for cell-based therapies. Taking into account all available sources of MSCs, perinatal tissues become an attractive source of allogeneic MSCs. The allogeneic MSCs provide "off-the-shelf" cellular therapy, however, their allogenicity may be viewed as a limitation for their use. Moreover, some evidence suggests that MSCs are not as immune-privileged as it was previously reported. Therefore, understanding their interactions with the recipient's immune system is crucial for their successful clinical application. In this review, we discuss both autologous and allogeneic application of MSCs, focusing on current approaches to allogeneic MSCs therapies, with a particular interest in the role of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) and HLA-matching in allogeneic MSCs transplantation. Importantly, the evidence from the currently completed and ongoing clinical trials demonstrates that allogeneic MSCs transplantation is safe and seems to cause no major side-effects to the patient. These findings strongly support the case for MSCs efficacy in treatment of a variety of diseases and their use as an "off-the-shelf" medical product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kot
- Department of Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Wielicka 265, 30-663 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.M.-W.); (M.S.-S.)
| | - Monika Baj-Krzyworzeka
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Wielicka 265, 30-663 Kraków, Poland; (M.B.-K.); (R.S.)
| | - Rafał Szatanek
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Wielicka 265, 30-663 Kraków, Poland; (M.B.-K.); (R.S.)
| | - Aleksandra Musiał-Wysocka
- Department of Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Wielicka 265, 30-663 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.M.-W.); (M.S.-S.)
| | - Magdalena Suda-Szczurek
- Department of Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Wielicka 265, 30-663 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.M.-W.); (M.S.-S.)
| | - Marcin Majka
- Department of Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Wielicka 265, 30-663 Kraków, Poland; (M.K.); (A.M.-W.); (M.S.-S.)
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23
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Abdelaziz MH, Salah El-Din EY, El-Dakdoky MH, Ahmed TA. The impact of mesenchymal stem cells on doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity and progeny outcome of male prepubertal rats. Birth Defects Res 2019; 111:906-919. [PMID: 31210400 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many therapies to treat cancer are gonadotoxic and can lead to infertility. New strategies to diminish the side effects and protective plans during and after chemotherapy are needed. Therefore, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) as a novel solution were investigated against doxorubicin (Dox)-induced toxicity in rat testes. METHODS Forty male albino prepubertal rats were divided into four groups, 10 rats per each group. The first was injected intraperitoneally with saline as control. The second group was injected intravenously with a single dose of BM-MSCs (2 × 106 cells). The third was injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of Dox (5 mg/kg b.wt). The fourth was injected with both Dox and BM-MSCs as previously mentioned. Rats were cohabited each separately with an untreated adult female after 8 weeks of treatment to examine Dox effects on male's fertility. RESULTS BM-MSCs counteract the deleterious effects of Dox on body, testicular weight as well as sperm quality by increasing sperm concentration and reducing the rate of abnormal sperm. BM-MSCs reduced significantly the testicular oxidative stress by reducing the elevated level of malondialdehyde and increasing the antioxidant capacity. Histologically, the testicular atrophy, severe damage of spermatogenesis and the significant reduction of the diameter and germinative cell layer thickness of the seminiferous tubules caused by Dox were significantly recovered after administration of the BM-MSCs. CONCLUSION BM-MSCs have a significant role in restoring the structural efficiency of male reproductive system in rats after Dox treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mai H El-Dakdoky
- Zoology Department, Women College for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tawfik A Ahmed
- Faculty of Science, Zoology Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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24
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Erpicum P, Weekers L, Detry O, Bonvoisin C, Delbouille MH, Grégoire C, Baudoux E, Briquet A, Lechanteur C, Maggipinto G, Somja J, Pottel H, Baron F, Jouret F, Beguin Y. Infusion of third-party mesenchymal stromal cells after kidney transplantation: a phase I-II, open-label, clinical study. Kidney Int 2019; 95:693-707. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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25
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Abumaree MH, Alshehri NA, Almotery A, Al Subayyil AM, Bahattab E, Abomaray FM, Khatlani T, Kalionis B, Jawdat D, El-Muzaini MF, Al Jumah MA, AlAskar AS. Preconditioning human natural killer cells with chorionic villous mesenchymal stem cells stimulates their expression of inflammatory and anti-tumor molecules. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:50. [PMID: 30728068 PMCID: PMC6366106 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1153-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells derived from the chorionic villi of human placentae (pMSCs) produce a unique array of mediators that regulate the essential cellular functions of their target cells. These properties make pMSCs attractive candidates for cell-based therapy. Here, we examined the effects of culturing human natural killer (NK) cells with pMSCs on NK cell functions. Methods pMSCs were cultured with IL-2-activated and non-activated NK cells. NK cell proliferation and cytolytic activities were monitored. NK cell expression of receptors mediating their cytolytic activity against pMSCs, and the mechanisms underlying this effect on pMSCs, were also investigated. Results Our findings show that IL-2-activated NK cells, but not freshly isolated NK cells, efficiently lyse pMSCs and that this response might involve the activating NK cell receptor CD69. Interestingly, although pMSCs expressed HLA class I molecules, they were nevertheless lysed by NK cells, suggesting that HLA class I antigens do not play a significant role in protecting pMSCs from NK cell cytolytic activity. Co-culturing NK cells with pMSCs also inhibited NK cell expression of receptors, including CD69, NKpG2D, CD94, and NKp30, although these co-cultured NK cells were not inhibited in lysing cancer cells in vitro. Importantly, co-cultured NK cells significantly increased their production of molecules with anti-tumor effects. Conclusions These findings suggest that pMSCs might have potential applications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Abumaree
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, 11426, Mail Code 1515, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. .,College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 3660, 11481, Mail Code 3124, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - N A Alshehri
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, 11426, Mail Code 1515, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Almotery
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, P.O. Box 3660, 11481, Mail Code, Riyadh, 3124, Saudi Arabia
| | - A M Al Subayyil
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, 11426, Mail Code 1515, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - E Bahattab
- National Center for Stem Cell Technology, Life Sciences and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O Box 6086, Riyadh, 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - F M Abomaray
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Khatlani
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, 11426, Mail Code 1515, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - B Kalionis
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - D Jawdat
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, 11426, Mail Code 1515, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M F El-Muzaini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Minstry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 3660, 11481, Mail Code, Riyadh, 3124, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Al Jumah
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, 11426, Mail Code 1515, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A S AlAskar
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, 11426, Mail Code 1515, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 3660, 11481, Mail Code, Riyadh, 3124, Saudi Arabia.,Adult Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, 11426, Mail Code, Riyadh, 1515, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Przekora A. Current Trends in Fabrication of Biomaterials for Bone and Cartilage Regeneration: Materials Modifications and Biophysical Stimulations. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E435. [PMID: 30669519 PMCID: PMC6359292 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of engineering of biomaterials is to fabricate implantable biocompatible scaffold that would accelerate regeneration of the tissue and ideally protect the wound against biodevice-related infections, which may cause prolonged inflammation and biomaterial failure. To obtain antimicrobial and highly biocompatible scaffolds promoting cell adhesion and growth, materials scientists are still searching for novel modifications of biomaterials. This review presents current trends in the field of engineering of biomaterials concerning application of various modifications and biophysical stimulation of scaffolds to obtain implants allowing for fast regeneration process of bone and cartilage as well as providing long-lasting antimicrobial protection at the site of injury. The article describes metal ion and plasma modifications of biomaterials as well as post-surgery external stimulations of implants with ultrasound and magnetic field, providing accelerated regeneration process. Finally, the review summarizes recent findings concerning the use of piezoelectric biomaterials in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Przekora
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, W. Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
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27
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Przekora A. The summary of the most important cell-biomaterial interactions that need to be considered during in vitro biocompatibility testing of bone scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 97:1036-1051. [PMID: 30678895 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineered products (TEPs), which mean biomaterials containing either cells or growth factors or both cells and growth factors, may be used as an alternative to the autografts taken directly from the bone of the patients. Nevertheless, the use of TEPs needs much more understanding of biointeractions between biomaterials and eukaryotic cells. Despite the possibility of the use of in vitro cellular models for initial evaluation of the host response to the implanted biomaterial, it is observed that most researchers use cell cultures only for the evaluation of cytotoxicity and cell proliferation on the biomaterial surface, and then they proceed to animal models and in vivo testing of bone implants without fully utilizing the scientific potential of in vitro models. In this review, the most important biointeractions between eukaryotic cells and biomaterials were discussed, indicating molecular mechanisms of cell adhesion, proliferation, and biomaterial-induced activation of immune cells. The article also describes types of cellular models which are commonly used for biomaterial testing and highlights the possibilities and drawbacks of in vitro tests for biocompatibility evaluation of novel scaffolds. Finally, the review summarizes recent findings concerning the use of adult mesenchymal stem cells for TEP generation and compares the potential of bone marrow- and adipose tissue-derived stem cells in regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Przekora
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
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28
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Najar M, Fayyad-Kazan M, Merimi M, Meuleman N, Bron D, Fayyad-Kazan H, Lagneaux L. Reciprocal immuno-biological alterations occur during the co-culture of natural killer cells and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Cytotechnology 2019; 71:375-388. [PMID: 30632032 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-019-00294-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their immune-therapeutic value, adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AT-MSCs) require a better characterization of their interplay with natural killer (NK) cells known to contribute to the graft-versus-leukemia effects. When cultivated together, AT-MSCs showed cellular cytotoxicity and were therefore killed by NK cells in an activating-cytokine dependent manner. In the presence of AT-MSCs, both ligands and receptors known to drive NK cell interactions were significantly altered. During this co-culture, the proliferation of NK cells was slightly reduced, while their IFN-γ and TNF-α secretion was significantly increased. NK cells displayed sustained degranulation accompanied by increased discharge of their cytolytic granules (perforin, granzymes A and B). On the other hand, activated NK cells reduced the expression of serpins C1 and B9 in AT-MSCs. Collectively, reciprocal immuno-biological alterations occur during the co-culture of NK cells and AT-MSCs. Understanding these changes will increase the safety and efficacy of cell-based immuno-oncotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Najar
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium.,Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, R11.424, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Mohammad Fayyad-Kazan
- Hematology Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 121 Boulevard de Waterloo, 1000, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Makram Merimi
- Hematology Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 121 Boulevard de Waterloo, 1000, Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratory of Physiology, Genetics and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Nathalie Meuleman
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium.,Hematology Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 121 Boulevard de Waterloo, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Bron
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium.,Hematology Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 121 Boulevard de Waterloo, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hussein Fayyad-Kazan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Laurence Lagneaux
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
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29
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The mesenchymal stem cell secretome as an acellular regenerative therapy for liver disease. J Gastroenterol 2019; 54:763-773. [PMID: 31270691 PMCID: PMC6698261 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-019-01599-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) for tissue repair has garnered much interest and has been evaluated in several disease settings. Recent evidence indicates that the beneficial effects observed with MSC-based therapy can be mediated through the paracrine release of extracellular vesicles and other soluble proteins or biologically active molecules, which collectively constitute the MSC secretome. In this concise overview, we highlight results from preclinical and other studies that demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy of the MSC secretome for diseases that are characterized by liver injury or fibrosis. The potential for the use of the MSC secretome as an acellular regenerative therapy and approaches for the isolation of a secretome product for therapeutic applications are highlighted. The use of the MSC secretome as an acellular therapeutic agent could provide several advantages over the use of cell-based therapies for liver diseases.
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30
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Abumaree MH, Bahattab E, Alsadoun A, Al Dosaimani A, Abomaray FM, Khatlani T, Kalionis B, El-Muzaini MF, Alawad AO, AlAskar AS. Characterization of the interaction between human decidua parietalis mesenchymal stem/stromal cells and natural killer cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:102. [PMID: 29650045 PMCID: PMC5898063 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0844-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human decidua parietalis mesenchymal stem/multipotent stromal cells (DPMSCs) have unique phenotypic and functional properties that make them promising candidates for cell-based therapy. Here, we investigated DPMSC interaction with natural killer (NK) cells, and the effects of this interaction on NK cell phenotypic characteristics and functional activities. Methods DPMSCs isolated from the decidua parietalis of human fetal membranes were cultured with interleukin (IL)-2-activated and IL-2-unactivated NK cells isolated from healthy human peripheral blood. NK cell proliferation and cytolytic activities were then examined using functional assays. NK cell expression of receptors mediating the cytolytic activity against DPMSCs, and the mechanism underlying this effect on DPMSCs, were also examined using flow cytometry and light microscopy, respectively. Results DPMSCs stimulated IL-2-induced proliferation of resting NK cells and the proliferation of activated NK cells. Moreover, IL-2-activated NK cells, but not freshly isolated NK cells, efficiently lysed DPMSCs. The induction of this NK cell cytolytic activity against DPMSCs was mediated by the activating NK cell receptors NKG2D, CD69, NKp30, and NKp44. However, DPMSCs showed a direct induction of NK cell cytolytic activity through CD69. We also found that DPMSCs expressed the ligands for these activating NK cell receptors including Nectin-2, ULBP-2, MICA, and MICB. Although DPMSCs expressed HLA class I molecules, they were susceptible to lysis by NK cells, suggesting that HLA class I antigens do not play a significant role in NK cell cytolytic action. In addition, DPMSCs did not inhibit NK cell cytolytic activity against cancer cells. Importantly, DPMSCs significantly increased NK expression of inflammatory molecules with anticancer activities. Conclusions We conclude that DPMSCs have potential for therapeutic application in cancer therapy, but not in transplantation or immunological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Abumaree
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, Mail Code 1515, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia. .,College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 3660, Mail Code 3124, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia.
| | - E Bahattab
- National Center for Stem Cell Technology, Life Sciences and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O Box 6086, Riyadh, 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Alsadoun
- National Center for Stem Cell Technology, Life Sciences and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O Box 6086, Riyadh, 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Al Dosaimani
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 3660, Mail Code 3124, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - F M Abomaray
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Khatlani
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, Mail Code 1515, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - B Kalionis
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research Centre and University of Melbourne Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - M F El-Muzaini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 3660, Mail Code 3124, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - A O Alawad
- National Center for Stem Cell Technology, Life Sciences and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O Box 6086, Riyadh, 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - A S AlAskar
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, Mail Code 1515, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia.,College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 3660, Mail Code 3124, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia.,Adult Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, P.O. Box 22490, Mail Code 1515, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia
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31
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Kaundal U, Bagai U, Rakha A. Immunomodulatory plasticity of mesenchymal stem cells: a potential key to successful solid organ transplantation. J Transl Med 2018; 16:31. [PMID: 29448956 PMCID: PMC5815241 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1403-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Organ transplantation remains to be a treatment of choice for patients suffering from irreversible organ failure. Immunosuppressive (IS) drugs employed to maintain the allograft have shown excellent short-term graft survival, but, their long-term use could contribute to immunological and non-immunological risk factors, resulting in graft dysfunctionalities. Upcoming IS regimes have highlighted the use of cell-based therapies, which can eliminate the risk of drug-borne toxicities while maintaining efficacy of the treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been considered as an invaluable cell type, owing to their unique immunomodulatory properties, which makes them desirable for application in transplant settings, where hyper-activation of the immune system is evident. The immunoregulatory potential of MSCs holds true for preclinical studies while achieving it in clinical studies continues to be a challenge. Understanding the biological factors responsible for subdued responses of MSCs in vivo would allow uninhibited use of this therapy for countless conditions. In this review, we summarize the variations in the preclinical and clinical studies utilizing MSCs, discuss the factors which might be responsible for variability in outcome and propose the advancements likely to occur in future for using this as a "boutique/personalised therapy" for patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urvashi Kaundal
- Department of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh, India
| | - Upma Bagai
- Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aruna Rakha
- Department of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh, India
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Najar M, Fayyad-Kazan M, Meuleman N, Bron D, Fayyad-Kazan H, Lagneaux L. Immunological impact of Wharton's Jelly mesenchymal stromal cells and natural killer cell co-culture. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 447:111-124. [PMID: 29380244 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3297-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Due to their easier isolation, multilineage potential, and immunomodulatory capacity, Wharton's Jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (WJ-MSCs) exhibit promising efficacy in the field of regenerative medicine and immunotherapy. Characterization of WJ-MSCs-natural killer (NK) cells crosstalk is required for ameliorating the medicinal value of WJ-MSCs. Here, we revealed that the outcome of WJ-MSCs-NK cells crosstalk varied according to the type of cytokines (IL-2, IL-12, IL-15 and IL-21) utilized to activate NK cells. Differently activated NK cells exerted distinct cytotoxicities against WJ-MSCs causing their probable death. Cell surface ligands (CD112, CD155, ULPB-3) and receptors (LAIR, CD226, CD314, CD335, CD336 and CD337) governing the interaction between NK cells and their targets, exhibited altered expression profiles following the co-culture with WJ-MSCs. Although partly inhibited NK cell proliferation, WJ-MSCs enhanced activated NK-cell-mediated secretion of IFN-γ and TNF-α. Moreover, WJ-MSCs reinforced NK cells' degranulation as well as secretion of perforin and granzymes. On the other hand, WJ-MSCs displayed only slight increase in ROS generation but significant decrease in A1 and C1 serpins expression following co-culture with activated NK cells. Altogether, our results highlight that WJ-MSCs-NK cells interaction may affect both cell type features and, therefore, their therapeutic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Najar
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mohammad Fayyad-Kazan
- Hematology Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 121, Boulevard de Waterloo, 1000, Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Nathalie Meuleman
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium.,Hematology Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 121, Boulevard de Waterloo, 1000, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Dominique Bron
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium.,Hematology Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 121, Boulevard de Waterloo, 1000, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Hussein Fayyad-Kazan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Laurence Lagneaux
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
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Adipose-derived cellular therapies in solid organ and vascularized-composite allotransplantation. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2018; 22:490-498. [PMID: 28873074 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0000000000000452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Controlling acute allograft rejection following vascularized composite allotransplantation requires strict adherence to courses of systemic immunosuppression. Discovering new methods to modulate the alloreactive immune response is essential for widespread application of vascularized composite allotransplantation. Here, we discuss how adipose-derived cellular therapies represent novel treatment options for immune modulation and tolerance induction in vascularized composite allotransplantation. RECENT FINDINGS Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells are cultured from autologous or allogeneic adipose tissue and possess immunomodulatory qualities capable of prolonging allograft survival in animal models of vascularized composite allotransplantation. Similar immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory effects have been observed with noncultured adipose stromal-vascular-fraction-derived therapies, albeit publication of in-vivo stromal vascular fraction cell modulation in transplantation models is lacking. However, both stromal vascular fraction and adipose derived mesenchymal stem cell therapies have the potential to effectively modulate acute allograft rejection via recruitment and induction of regulatory immune cells. SUMMARY To date, most reports focus on adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells for immune modulation in transplantation despite their phenotypic plasticity and reliance upon culture expansion. Along with the capacity for immune modulation, the supplemental wound healing and vasculogenic properties of stromal vascular fraction, which are not shared by adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells, hint at the profound therapeutic impact stromal vascular fraction-derived treatments could have on controlling acute allograft rejection and tolerance induction in vascularized composite allotransplantation. Ongoing projects in the next few years will help design the best applications of these well tolerated and effective treatments that should reduce the risk/benefit ratio and allow more patients access to vascularized composite allotransplantation therapy.
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Najar M, Fayyad-Kazan M, Meuleman N, Bron D, Fayyad-Kazan H, Lagneaux L. Immunomodulatory effects of foreskin mesenchymal stromal cells on natural killer cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:5243-5254. [PMID: 29194614 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Foreskin-mesenchymal stromal cells (FSK-MSCs) are immune-privileged thus making them valuable immunotherapeutic cell product. Characterization of the relationship between FSK-MSCs and natural killer (NK) cells is essential to improve cell-based therapy. In the present study, we studied for the first time FSK-MSCs-NK interaction and showed that the result of such cross talk was robustly dependent on the type of cytokines (IL-2, IL-12, IL-15, and IL-21) employed to activate NK cells. Distinctly activated-NK cells showed uneven cytotoxicity against FSK-MSCs, triggering their death in fine. The expression of different cell-surface ligands (CD112, CD155, ULPB-3) and receptors (LAIR, KIRs) ensuring such interaction was altered following co-culture of both populations. Despite their partial negative effect on NK cell proliferation, FSK-MSCs boosted the capacity of activated NK-cells to secrete IFN-γ and TNF-α. Moreover, FSK-MSCs enhanced degranulation of NK cells, reinforced secretion of perforin and granzymes, while only modestly increased ROS production. On the other hand, FSK-MSCs-mediated expression of C1 and B9 serpins was significantly lowered in the presence of activated NK cells. Altogether, our results highlight major immunological changes following FSK-MSCs-NK interaction. Understanding these outcomes will therefore enhance the value of the therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Najar
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mohammad Fayyad-Kazan
- Institut de Biologie et de Médecine Moléculaires, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Meuleman
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium.,Hematology Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Boulevard de Waterloo, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Dominique Bron
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium.,Hematology Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Boulevard de Waterloo, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Hussein Fayyad-Kazan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Laurence Lagneaux
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
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Najar M, Fayyad-Kazan M, Meuleman N, Bron D, Fayyad-Kazan H, Lagneaux L. Mesenchymal stromal cells of the bone marrow and natural killer cells: cell interactions and cross modulation. J Cell Commun Signal 2018; 12:673-688. [PMID: 29350342 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-018-0448-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells that have shown promise for several different therapeutic applications. As they are able to modulate the function of several types of immune cells, BM-MSCs are highly important in the field of cell-based immunotherapy. Understanding BM-MSC-natural killer (NK) cell interactions is crucial for improving their therapeutic efficiency. Here, we observed that the type of NK cell-activating cytokine (e.g., IL-2, IL-12, IL-15 and IL-21) strongly influenced the outcomes of their interactions with BM-MSCs. The expression patterns of the ligands (CD112, CD155, ULPB-3) and receptors (LAIR, NCR) mediating the cross-talk between BM-MSCs and NK cells were critically modulated following co-culture. BM-MSCs partially impaired NK cell proliferation but up-regulated their secretion of IFN-γ and TNF-α. As they are cytotoxic, activated NK cells induced the killing of BM-MSCs. Indeed, BM-MSCs triggered the degranulation of NK cells and increased their release of perforin and granzymes. Interestingly, activated NK cells induced ROS generation within BM-MSCs that caused their decreased viability and reduced expression of serpin B9. Collectively, our observations reveal that BM-MSC-NK cell interactions may impact the immunobiology of both cell types. The therapeutic potential of BM-MSCs will be significantly improved once these issues are well characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Najar
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mohammad Fayyad-Kazan
- Hematology Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 121, Boulevard de Waterloo, 1000, Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Nathalie Meuleman
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium.,Hematology Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 121, Boulevard de Waterloo, 1000, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Dominique Bron
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium.,Hematology Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 121, Boulevard de Waterloo, 1000, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Hussein Fayyad-Kazan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Laurence Lagneaux
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
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Cryopreserved or Fresh Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Only a Matter of Taste or Key to Unleash the Full Clinical Potential of MSC Therapy? ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 951:77-98. [PMID: 27837556 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45457-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) harbor great therapeutic potential for numerous diseases. From early clinical trials, success and failure analysis, bench-to-bedside and back-to-bench approaches, there has been a great gain in knowledge, still leaving a number of questions to be answered regarding optimal manufacturing and quality of MSCs for clinical application. For treatment of many acute indications, cryobanking may remain a prerequisite, but great uncertainty exists considering the therapeutic value of freshly thawed (thawed) and continuously cultured (fresh) MSCs. The field has seen an explosion of new literature lately, outlining the relevance of the topic. MSCs appear to have compromised immunomodulatory activity directly after thawing for clinical application. This may provide a possible explanation for failure of early clinical trials. It is not clear if and how quickly MSCs recover their full therapeutic activity, and if the "cryo stun effect" is relevant for clinical success. Here, we will share our latest insights into the relevance of these observations for clinical practice that will be discussed in the context of the published literature. We argue that the differences of fresh and thawed MSCs are limited but significant. A key issue in evaluating potency differences is the time point of analysis after thawing. To date, prospective double-blinded randomized clinical studies to evaluate potency of both products are lacking, although recent progress was made with preclinical assessment. We suggest refocusing therapeutic MSC development on potency and safety assays with close resemblance of the clinical reality.
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Andreeva E, Bobyleva P, Gornostaeva A, Buravkova L. Interaction of multipotent mesenchymal stromal and immune cells: Bidirectional effects. Cytotherapy 2017; 19:1152-1166. [PMID: 28823421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adult multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are considered one of the key players in physiological remodeling and tissue reparation. Elucidation of MSC functions is one of the most intriguing issues in modern cell physiology. In the present review, the interaction of MSCs and immune cells is discussed in terms of reciprocal effects, which modifies the properties of "partner" cells with special focus on the contribution of direct cell-to-cell contacts, soluble mediators and local microenvironmental factors, the most important of which is oxygen tension. The immunosuppressive phenomenon of MSCs is considered as the integral part of the response-to-injury mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Andreeva
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina Bobyleva
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ludmila Buravkova
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Cytokine treatment optimises the immunotherapeutic effects of umbilical cord-derived MSC for treatment of inflammatory liver disease. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:140. [PMID: 28595619 PMCID: PMC5465593 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0590-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) possess immunomodulatory properties and low immunogenicity, both crucial properties for their development into an effective cellular immunotherapy. They have shown benefit in clinical trials targeting liver diseases; however the efficacy of MSC therapy will benefit from improvement of the immunomodulatory and immunogenic properties of MSC. METHODS MSC derived from human umbilical cords (ucMSC) were treated for 3 days in vitro with various inflammatory factors, interleukins, vitamins and serum deprivation. Their immunogenicity and immunomodulatory capacity were examined by gene-expression analysis, surface-marker expressions, IDO activity, PGE2 secretion and inhibition of T cell proliferation and IFNγ production. Furthermore, their activation of NK cell cytotoxicity was investigated via CD107a expression on NK cells. The immunomodulatory capacity, biodistribution and survival of pre-treated ucMSC were investigated in a CCl4-induced liver disease mouse model. In addition, capacity of pre-treated MSC to ameliorate liver inflammation was examined in an ex vivo liver inflammation co-culture model. RESULTS IFN-γ and a multiple cytokine cocktail (MC) consisting of IFN-γ, TGFβ and retinoic acid upregulated the expression of immunomodulatory factor PD-L1 and IDO activity. Subsequently, both treatments enhanced the capacity of ucMSC to inhibit CD4 and CD8 T cell proliferation and IFN-γ production. The susceptibility of ucMSC for NK cell lysis was decreased by IFN-β, TGFβ and MC treatment. In vivo, no immunomodulation was observed by the ucMSC. Four hours after intravenous infusion in mice with CCl4-induced inflammatory liver injury, the majority of ucMSC were trapped in the lungs. Rapid clearance of ucMSC(VitB6), ucMSC(Starv + VitB6) and ucMSC(MC) and altered bio-distribution of ucMSC(TGFβ) compared to untreated ucMSC was observed. In the ex vivo co-culture system with inflammatory liver slices ucMSC(MC) showed significantly enhanced modulatory capacity compared to untreated ucMSC. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates the responsiveness of ucMSC to in vitro optimisation treatment. The observed improvements in immunomodulatory capacity as well as immunogenicity after MC treatment may improve the efficacy of ucMSC as immunotherapy targeted towards liver inflammation.
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El-Jawhari JJ, Jones E, Giannoudis PV. The roles of immune cells in bone healing; what we know, do not know and future perspectives. Injury 2016; 47:2399-2406. [PMID: 27809990 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Key events occurring during the bone healing include well-orchestrated and complex interactions between immune cells, multipotential stromal cells (MSCs), osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Through three overlapping phases of this physiological process, innate and adaptive immune cells, cytokines and chemokines have a significant role to play. The aim of the escalating immune response is to achieve an osseous healing in the shortest time and with the least complications facilitating the restoration of function. The uninterrupted progression of these biological events in conjunction with a favourable mechanical environment (stable fracture fixation) remains the hallmark of successful fracture healing. When failure occurs, either the biological environment or the mechanical one could have been disrupted. Not infrequently both may be compromised. Consequently, regenerative treatments involving the use of bone autograft, allograft or synthetic matrices supplemented with MSCs are increasingly used. A better understanding of the bone biology and osteoimmunology can help to improve these evolving cell-therapy based strategies. Herein, an up to date status of the role of immune cells during the different phases of bone healing is presented. Additionally, the known and yet to know events about immune cell interactions with MSCs and osteoblasts and osteoclasts and the therapeutic implications are being discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehan J El-Jawhari
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St. James Hospital, University of Leeds, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, Chapel Allerton Hospital, University of Leeds, UK; Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Elena Jones
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St. James Hospital, University of Leeds, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, Chapel Allerton Hospital, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Peter V Giannoudis
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St. James Hospital, University of Leeds, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, Chapel Allerton Hospital, University of Leeds, UK.
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Valencia J, Blanco B, Yáñez R, Vázquez M, Herrero Sánchez C, Fernández-García M, Rodríguez Serrano C, Pescador D, Blanco JF, Hernando-Rodríguez M, Sánchez-Guijo F, Lamana ML, Segovia JC, Vicente Á, Del Cañizo C, Zapata AG. Comparative analysis of the immunomodulatory capacities of human bone marrow– and adipose tissue–derived mesenchymal stromal cells from the same donor. Cytotherapy 2016; 18:1297-311. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Modulation of Immunoregulatory Properties of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells by Toll-Like Receptors: Potential Applications on GVHD. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:9434250. [PMID: 27738438 PMCID: PMC5050362 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9434250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, the immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have attracted a lot of attention, due to their potential applicability in the treatment of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a condition frequently associated with opportunistic infections. The present review addresses how Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPS) modulate the immunosuppressive phenotype of human MSCs by signaling through Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Overall, we observed that regardless of the source tissue, human MSCs express TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, and TLR9. Stimulation of distinct TLRs on MSCs elicits distinct inflammatory signaling pathways, differentially influencing the expression of inflammatory factors and the ability of MSCs to suppress the proliferation of immune system cells. The capacity to enhance the immunosuppressive phenotype of MSCs through TLRs stimulation might be properly elucidated in order to improve the MSC-based immunotherapy against GVHD.
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Maria ATJ, Maumus M, Le Quellec A, Jorgensen C, Noël D, Guilpain P. Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Autoimmune Disorders: State of the Art and Perspectives for Systemic Sclerosis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2016; 52:234-259. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-016-8552-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Bobyleva PI, Andreeva ER, Gornostaeva AN, Buravkova LB. Tissue-Related Hypoxia Attenuates Proinflammatory Effects of Allogeneic PBMCs on Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells In Vitro. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:4726267. [PMID: 26880965 PMCID: PMC4736565 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4726267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adipose tissue-stromal derived cells (ASCs) are considered a perspective tool for regenerative medicine. Depending on the application mode ASC/allogeneic immune cell interaction can occur in the systemic circulation under plenty high concentrations of O2 and in target tissues at lower O2 levels. Here we examined the effects of allogeneic PHA-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) on ASCs under ambient (20%) oxygen and "physiological" hypoxia (5% O2). As revealed with microarray analysis ASCs under 20% O2 were more affected by activated PBMCs, which was manifested in differential expression of more than 300 genes, whereas under 5% O2 only 140 genes were changed. Altered gene pattern was only partly overlapped at different O2 conditions. Under O2 ASCs retained their proliferative and differentiative capacities, mesenchymal phenotype, and intracellular organelle' state. ASCs were proinflammatory activated on transcription level that was confirmed by their ability to suppress activation and proliferation of mitogen-stimulated PBMCs. ASC/PBMCs interaction resulted in anti-inflammatory shift of paracrine mediators in conditioning medium with significant increase of immunosuppressive LIF level. Our data indicated that under both ambient and tissue-related O2 ASCs possessed immunosuppressive potential and maintained functional activity. Under "physiological" hypoxia ASCs were less susceptible to "priming" by allogeneic mitogen-activated PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina I. Bobyleva
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khoroshevskoye Shosse 76a, Moscow 123007, Russia
| | - Elena R. Andreeva
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khoroshevskoye Shosse 76a, Moscow 123007, Russia
| | - Aleksandra N. Gornostaeva
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khoroshevskoye Shosse 76a, Moscow 123007, Russia
| | - Ludmila B. Buravkova
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khoroshevskoye Shosse 76a, Moscow 123007, Russia
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de Witte SFH, Franquesa M, Baan CC, Hoogduijn MJ. Toward Development of iMesenchymal Stem Cells for Immunomodulatory Therapy. Front Immunol 2016; 6:648. [PMID: 26779185 PMCID: PMC4701910 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are under development as an immunomodulatory therapy. The anticipated immunomodulatory effects of MSC are broad, from direct inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation, induction of regulatory T and B cells, to resetting the immune system via a hit-and-run principle. There are endless flavors of MSC. Differences between MSC are originating from donors variation, differences in tissue of origin, the effects of culture conditions, and expansion time. Even standard culture conditions change the properties of MSC dramatically and generate MSC that only remotely resemble their in vivo counterparts. Adjustments in culture protocols can further emphasize properties of interest in MSC, thereby generating cells fitted for specific purposes. Culture improved immunomodulatory MSC can be designed to target particular immune disorders. In this review, we describe the observed and the desired immunomodulatory effects of MSC and propose approaches how MSC with optimal immunomodulatory properties can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha F H de Witte
- Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center , Rotterdam , Netherlands
| | - Marcella Franquesa
- Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center , Rotterdam , Netherlands
| | - Carla C Baan
- Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center , Rotterdam , Netherlands
| | - Martin J Hoogduijn
- Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center , Rotterdam , Netherlands
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Pierro M, Ciarmoli E, Thébaud B. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Chronic Lung Disease: Stem Cell Therapy. Clin Perinatol 2015; 42:889-910. [PMID: 26593085 DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2015.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a major complication of premature birth, still lacks safe and effective treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proven to ameliorate critical aspects of the BPD pathogenesis. MSCs seem to exert therapeutic effects through the paracrine secretion of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiapoptotic, trophic, and proangiogenic factors. Although these findings are promising, understanding the mechanism of action of MSCs and MSC manufacturing is still evolving. Several aspects can affect the efficacy of MSC therapy. Further research is required to optimize this potentially game-changing treatment but the translation of regenerative cell therapies for patients has begun.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pierro
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Via della Commenda 12, Milan 20122, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini, 5, Genova 16148, Italy.
| | - Elena Ciarmoli
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, MBBM Foundation, San Gerardo Hospital, Via Pergolesi 33, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Bernard Thébaud
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada; Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H8L6, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Sinclair Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
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The challenges and promises of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells for use as a cell-based therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:234. [PMID: 26620426 PMCID: PMC4665863 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0240-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are ideal for cell-based therapy in various inflammatory diseases because of their immunosuppressive and tissue repair properties. Moreover, their immunosuppressive properties and low immunogenicity contribute to a reduced or weakened immune response elicited by the implantation of allogeneic MSCs compared with other cell types. Therefore, implantation of allogeneic MSCs may be a promising cell-based therapy. In this review, we first summarize the unique advantages of allogeneic MSCs for therapeutic applications. Second, we critically analyze the factors influencing their therapeutic effects, including administration routes, detection time-points, disease models, differentiation of MSCs in vivo, and timing and dosage of MSC administration. Finally, current approaches to allogeneic MSC application are discussed. In conclusion, allogeneic MSCs are a promising option because of their low immunogenicity and immunosuppressive and tissue repair capabilities. Further investigations are needed to enhance the consistency and efficacy of MSCs when used as a cell-based therapy in inflammatory diseases as well as for tissue repair.
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Interactions between MSCs and immune cells: implications for bone healing. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:752510. [PMID: 26000315 PMCID: PMC4427002 DOI: 10.1155/2015/752510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Revised: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is estimated that, of the 7.9 million fractures sustained in the United States each year, 5% to 20% result in delayed or impaired healing requiring therapeutic intervention. Following fracture injury, there is an initial inflammatory response that plays a crucial role in bone healing; however, prolonged inflammation is inhibitory for fracture repair. The precise spatial and temporal impact of immune cells and their cytokines on fracture healing remains obscure. Some cytokines are reported to be proosteogenic while others inhibit bone healing. Cell-based therapy utilizing mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is an attractive option for augmenting the fracture repair process. Osteoprogenitor MSCs not only differentiate into bone, but they also exert modulatory effects on immune cells via a variety of mechanisms. In this paper, we review the current literature on both in vitro and in vivo studies on the role of the immune system in fracture repair, the use of MSCs in the enhancement of fracture healing, and interactions between MSCs and immune cells. Insight into this paradigm can provide valuable clues in identifying cellular and noncellular targets that can potentially be modulated to enhance both natural bone healing and bone repair augmented by the exogenous addition of MSCs.
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Fuentes-Julián S, Arnalich-Montiel F, Jaumandreu L, Leal M, Casado A, García-Tuñon I, Hernández-Jiménez E, López-Collazo E, De Miguel MP. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell administration does not improve corneal graft survival outcome. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117945. [PMID: 25730319 PMCID: PMC4346399 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of local and systemic injections of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue (AD-MSC) into rabbit models of corneal allograft rejection with either normal-risk or high-risk vascularized corneal beds was investigated. The models we present in this study are more similar to human corneal transplants than previously reported murine models. Our aim was to prevent transplant rejection and increase the length of graft survival. In the normal-risk transplant model, in contrast to our expectations, the injection of AD-MSC into the graft junction during surgery resulted in the induction of increased signs of inflammation such as corneal edema with increased thickness, and a higher level of infiltration of leukocytes. This process led to a lower survival of the graft compared with the sham-treated corneal transplants. In the high-risk transplant model, in which immune ocular privilege was undermined by the induction of neovascularization prior to graft surgery, we found the use of systemic rabbit AD-MSCs prior to surgery, during surgery, and at various time points after surgery resulted in a shorter survival of the graft compared with the non-treated corneal grafts. Based on our results, local or systemic treatment with AD-MSCs to prevent corneal rejection in rabbit corneal models at normal or high risk of rejection does not increase survival but rather can increase inflammation and neovascularization and break the innate ocular immune privilege. This result can be partially explained by the immunomarkers, lack of immunosuppressive ability and immunophenotypical secretion molecules characterization of AD-MSC used in this study. Parameters including the risk of rejection, the inflammatory/vascularization environment, the cell source, the time of injection, the immunosuppression, the number of cells, and the mode of delivery must be established before translating the possible benefits of the use of MSCs in corneal transplants to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laia Jaumandreu
- Ophthalmology Department, Ramon y Cajal Hospital Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Leal
- Ophthalmology Department, Ramon y Cajal Hospital Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Casado
- Ophthalmology Department, Ramon y Cajal Hospital Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio García-Tuñon
- Cell Engineering Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Maria P. De Miguel
- Cell Engineering Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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50
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Wang B, Hu Y, Liu L, Hu K, Tie R, He Y, Fu S, Zhu N, Luo Y, Yu X, Huang H. Phenotypical and functional characterization of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2015; 21:1020-8. [PMID: 25708216 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a critical complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The conditioning therapy has been involved in the impairment of bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs). However, the potential implication of MSCs in the pathophysiology of cGVHD has not been investigated. We analyzed expanded MSCs from patients with cGVHD and compared them with those from transplantation patients without cGVHD. The MSCs from both groups were of host origin and their reserves were comparable. They showed similar morphology, immunophenotype, population doubling times, self-renewal capacity, differentiation, and migration potential. The immunomodulatory potential of the 2 groups was also identical, they were both capable of inhibiting phytohemagglutinin-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) proliferation and inducing regulatory T cells after coculturing with CD4(+) T cells, and the immunosuppressive factors were secreted similarly in both MSCs whether in normal culture or coculture with PBMCs. No significant differences were observed in the cellular senescence and apoptosis between 2 groups. In addition, MSCs from patients with cGVHD displayed normal phenotype and function compared with their counterparts from healthy donors, although reduced frequency in BM mononuclear cell fraction was observed in these patients. Taken together, our results suggest that MSCs do not seem to contribute to the pathogenesis of cGVHD and indicate the feasibility of autologous cell therapy in patients who are not completely responding to standard immunosuppressive therapy for cGVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binsheng Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongxian Hu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lizhen Liu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaimin Hu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruxiu Tie
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying He
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Fu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ni Zhu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Yu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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