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Zhang X, Zhang W, Sun H, Wang H. The effects of exosomes originating from different cell sources on the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into schwann cells. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:220. [PMID: 38698449 PMCID: PMC11067703 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02450-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can differentiate into Schwann cells (SCs) during peripheral nerve injury; in our previous research, we showed that SC-derived exosomes (SC-exos) played a direct induction role while fibroblast-derived exosomes (Fb-exos) had no obvious induction role. The induction role of neural stem cell (NSC)-derived exosomes (NSC-exos) has also been widely confirmed. However, no studies have compared the induction effects of these three types of cells at the same time. Therefore, by investigating the effect of these three cell-derived exosomes upon the induction of BMSCs to differentiate into SCs, this study explored the role of different exosomes in promoting the differentiation of stem cells into SCs cells, and conducted a comparison between the two groups by RNA sequencing to further narrow the range of target genes and related gene pathways in order to study their related mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS We extracted exosomes from SCs, fibroblasts (Fb) and neural stem cells (NSC) and then investigated the ability of these exosomes to induce differentiation into BMSCs under different culture conditions. The expression levels of key proteins and gene markers were detected in induced cells by fluorescence immunoassays, western blotting and polymerase chain reaction (PCR); then, we statistically compared the relative induction effects under different conditions. Finally, we analyzed the three types of exosomes by RNA-seq to predict target genes and related gene pathways. RESULTS BMSCs were cultured by three media: conventional (no induction), pre-induction or pre-induction + original induction medium (ODM) with exosomes of the same cell origin under different culture conditions. When adding the three different types of exosomes separately, the overall induction of BMSCs to differentiate into SCs was significantly increased (P < 0.05). The induction ability was ranked as follows: pre-induction + ODM + exosome group > pre-induction + exosome group > non-induction + exosome group. Using exosomes from different cell sources under the same culture conditions, we observed the following trends under the three culture conditions: RSC96-exos group ≥ NSC-exos group > Fb-exos group. The overall ability to induce BMSCs into SCs was significantly greater in the RSC96-exos group and the NSC-exos group. Although there was no significant difference in induction efficiency when comparing these two groups, the overall induction ability of the RSC96-exos group was slightly higher than that of the NSC-exos group. By combining the differentiation induction results with the RNA-seq data, the three types of exosomes were divided into three comparative groups: RSC vs. NSC, RSC vs. Fb and NSC vs. Fb. We identified 203 differentially expressed mRNA target genes in these three groups. Two differentially expressed genes were upregulated simultaneously, namely riboflavin kinase (RFK, ENSRNOG00000022273) and ribosomal RNA processing 36 (Rrp36, ENSRNOG00000017836). We did not identify any co-upregulated target genes for the miRNAs, but did identify one target gene of the lncRNAs, namely ENSRNOG00000065005. Analysis identified 90 GO terms related to nerves and axons in the mRNAs; in addition, KEGG enrichment and GASA analysis identified 13 common differential expression pathways in the three groups. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis found that pre-induction + ODM + RSC96/NSC-exos culture conditions were most conducive with regards to induction and differentiation. RSC96-exos and NSC-exos exhibited significantly greater differentiation efficiency of BMSCs into SCs. Although there was no statistical difference, the data indicated a trend for RSC96-exos to be advantageous We identified 203 differentially expressed mRNAs between the three groups and two differentially expressed target mRNAs were upregulated, namely riboflavin kinase (RFK, ENSRNOG00000022273) and ribosomal RNA processing 36 (Rrp36, ENSRNOG00000017836). 90 GO terms were related to nerves and axons. Finally, we identified 13 common differentially expressed pathways across our three types of exosomes. It is hoped that the efficiency of BMSCs induction differentiation into SCs can be improved, bringing hope to patients and more options for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxiang Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101101, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101101, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101101, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101101, China.
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2
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Wu W, Zhang J, Chen Y, Chen Q, Liu Q, Zhang F, Li S, Wang X. Genes in Axonal Regeneration. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04049-z. [PMID: 38388774 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04049-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
This review explores the molecular and genetic underpinnings of axonal regeneration and functional recovery post-nerve injury, emphasizing its significance in reversing neurological deficits. It presents a systematic exploration of the roles of various genes in axonal regrowth across peripheral and central nerve injuries. Initially, it highlights genes and gene families critical for axonal growth and guidance, delving into their roles in regeneration. It then examines the regenerative microenvironment, focusing on the role of glial cells in neural repair through dedifferentiation, proliferation, and migration. The concept of "traumatic microenvironments" within the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) is discussed, noting their impact on regenerative capacities and their importance in therapeutic strategy development. Additionally, the review delves into axonal transport mechanisms essential for accurate growth and reinnervation, integrating insights from proteomics, genome-wide screenings, and gene editing advancements. Conclusively, it synthesizes these insights to offer a comprehensive understanding of axonal regeneration's molecular orchestration, aiming to inform effective nerve injury therapies and contribute to regenerative neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qianyan Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Fuchao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Shiying Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Xinghui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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3
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Jin MY, Weaver TE, Farris A, Gupta M, Abd-Elsayed A. Neuromodulation for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: Systematic Review of Mechanisms and In Vivo Highlights. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041145. [PMID: 37189763 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
While denervation can occur with aging, peripheral nerve injuries are debilitating and often leads to a loss of function and neuropathic pain. Although injured peripheral nerves can regenerate and reinnervate their targets, this process is slow and directionless. There is some evidence supporting the use of neuromodulation to enhance the regeneration of peripheral nerves. This systematic review reported on the underlying mechanisms that allow neuromodulation to aid peripheral nerve regeneration and highlighted important in vivo studies that demonstrate its efficacy. Studies were identified from PubMed (inception through September 2022) and the results were synthesized qualitatively. Included studies were required to contain content related to peripheral nerve regeneration and some form of neuromodulation. Studies reporting in vivo highlights were subject to a risk of bias assessment using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. The results of 52 studies indicate that neuromodulation enhances natural peripheral nerve regeneration processes, but still requires other interventions (e.g., conduits) to control the direction of reinnervation. Additional human studies are warranted to verify the applicability of animal studies and to determine how neuromodulation can be optimized for the greatest functional restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Y Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Tristan E Weaver
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43214, USA
| | - Adam Farris
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43214, USA
| | - Mayank Gupta
- Kansas Pain Management & Neuroscience Research Center, Overland Park, KS 66210, USA
| | - Alaa Abd-Elsayed
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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4
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Lim YJ, Jung GN, Park WT, Seo MS, Lee GW. Therapeutic potential of small extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells for spinal cord and nerve injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1151357. [PMID: 37035240 PMCID: PMC10073723 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1151357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural diseases such as compressive, congenital, and traumatic injuries have diverse consequences, from benign mild sequelae to severe life-threatening conditions with associated losses of motor, sensory, and autonomic functions. Several approaches have been adopted to control neuroinflammatory cascades. Traditionally, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been regarded as therapeutic agents, as they possess growth factors and cytokines with potential anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects. However, several animal model studies have reported conflicting outcomes, and therefore, the role of MSCs as a regenerative source for the treatment of neural pathologies remains debatable. In addition, issues such as heterogeneity and ethical issues limited their use as therapeutic agents. To overcome the obstacles associated with the use of traditional agents, we explored the therapeutic potentials of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which contain nucleic acids, functional proteins, and bioactive lipids, and play crucial roles in immune response regulation, inflammation reduction, and cell-to-cell communication. EVs may surpass MSCs in size issue, immunogenicity, and response to the host environment. However, a comprehensive review is required on the therapeutic potential of EVs for the treatment of neural pathologies. In this review, we discuss the action mechanism of EVs, their potential for treating neural pathologies, and future perspectives regarding their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ju Lim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Na Jung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Wook-Tae Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Soo Seo
- Department of Veterinary Tissue Engineering, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun Woo Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Gun Woo Lee,
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Profiling NSD3-dependent neural crest gene expression reveals known and novel candidate regulatory factors. Dev Biol 2021; 475:118-130. [PMID: 33705737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The lysine methyltransferase NSD3 is required for the expression of key neural crest transcription factors and the migration of neural crest cells. Nevertheless, a complete view of the genes dependent upon NSD3 for expression and the developmental processes impacted by NSD3 in the neural crest was lacking. We used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to profile transcripts differentially expressed after NSD3 knockdown in chick premigratory neural crest cells, identifying 674 genes. Gene Ontology and gene set enrichment analyses further support a requirement for NSD3 during neural crest development and show that NSD3 knockdown also upregulates ribosome biogenesis. To validate our results, we selected three genes not previously associated with neural crest development, Astrotactin 1 (Astn1), Dispatched 3 (Disp3), and Tropomyosin 1 (Tpm1). Using whole mount in situ hybridization, we show that premigratory neural crest cells express these genes and that NSD3 knockdown downregulates (Astn1 and Disp3) and upregulates (Tpm1) their expression, consistent with RNA-seq results. Altogether, this study identifies novel putative regulators of neural crest development and provides insight into the transcriptional consequences of NSD3 in the neural crest, with implications for cancer.
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Fan B, Chopp M, Zhang ZG, Liu XS. Emerging Roles of microRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Diabetic Neuropathy. Front Neurol 2020; 11:558758. [PMID: 33192992 PMCID: PMC7642849 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.558758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is the most prevalent chronic complication of diabetes mellitus. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms of DN are unclear; however, communication network dysfunction among axons, Schwann cells, and the microvascular endothelium likely play an important role in the development of DN. Mounting evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) act as messengers that facilitate intercellular communication and may contribute to the pathogenesis of DN. Deregulation of miRNAs is among the initial molecular alterations observed in diabetics. As such, miRNAs hold promise as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In preclinical studies, miRNA-based treatment of DN has shown evidence of therapeutic potential. But this therapy has been hampered by miRNA instability, targeting specificity, and potential toxicities. Recent findings reveal that when packaged within extracellular vesicles, miRNAs are resistant to degradation, and their delivery efficiency and therapeutic potential is markedly enhanced. Here, we review the latest research progress on the roles of miRNAs as biomarkers and as potential clinical therapeutic targets in DN. We also discuss the promise of exosomal miRNAs as therapeutics and provide recommendations for future research on miRNA-based medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyan Fan
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Michael Chopp
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, United States
| | - Zheng Gang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Xian Shuang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
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7
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Gu XK, Li XR, Lu ML, Xu H. Lithium promotes proliferation and suppresses migration of Schwann cells. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:1955-1961. [PMID: 32246645 PMCID: PMC7513976 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.280324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwann cell proliferation, migration and remyelination of regenerating axons contribute to regeneration after peripheral nervous system injury. Lithium promotes remyelination by Schwann cells and improves peripheral nerve regeneration. However, whether lithium modulates other phenotypes of Schwann cells, especially their proliferation and migration remains elusive. In the current study, primary Schwann cells from rat sciatic nerve stumps were cultured and exposed to 0, 5, 10, 15, or 30 mM lithium chloride (LiCl) for 24 hours. The effects of LiCl on Schwann cell proliferation and migration were examined using the Cell Counting Kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, Transwell and wound healing assays. Cell Counting Kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assays showed that 5, 10, 15, and 30 mM LiCl significantly increased the viability and proliferation rate of Schwann cells. Transwell-based migration assays and wound healing assays showed that 10, 15, and 30 mM LiCl suppressed the migratory ability of Schwann cells. Furthermore, the effects of LiCl on the proliferation and migration phenotypes of Schwann cells were mostly dose-dependent. These data indicate that lithium treatment significantly promotes the proliferation and inhibits the migratory ability of Schwann cells. This conclusion will inform strategies to promote the repair and regeneration of peripheral nerves. All of the animal experiments in this study were ethically approved by the Administration Committee of Experimental Animal Center of Nantong University, China (approval No. 20170320-017) on March 2, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Kun Gu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Hand Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin-Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mei-Ling Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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8
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Chen QF, Shi F, Huang T, Huang C, Shen L, Wu P, Li W. ASTN1 is associated with immune infiltrates in hepatocellular carcinoma, and inhibits the migratory and invasive capacity of liver cancer via the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:1425-1440. [PMID: 32945491 PMCID: PMC7448461 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrotactin 1 (ASTN1) is known to serve a physiological role in neuronal migration; however its role in liver cancer remains to be determined. In the present study, ASTN1 levels were lower in liver cancer tissues compared with those in matching normal tissue. ASTN1 levels were negatively associated with microscopic vascular invasion, advanced clinical stage and a less favorable prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Furthermore, ASTN1 overexpression in a liver cancer cell line reduced the migratory and invasive capacity of the cells. Based on bioinformatics analysis, ASTN1 levels were negatively associated with the Wnt signaling pathway. In addition, ASTN1 downregulated the protein expression levels of β-catenin, T-cell factor (TCF)1, TCF4, Jun proto-oncogene (C-jun), Myc proto-oncogene (C-myc), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), metalloproteinase (MMP)2, MMP9 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein levels, indicative of suppression of Wnt signaling. Furthermore, XAV939-induced Wnt signaling suppression reversed the ASTN1-mediated inhibition of invasion and migration in cells. Overexpression of ASTN1 in xenografts reduced cancer development as well as Wnt signaling. TIMER analysis showed that ASTN1 expression was negatively correlated with B cell, macrophage and neutrophil infiltrating levels in HCC. Together, the results of the present study showed that ASTN1 reduced the migratory and invasive capacity of liver cancer cells, potentially served as a candidate biomarker for diagnosis and prediction of the prognosis of HCC, and was associated with immune infiltration. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of action of ASTN1 may facilitate the development of novel strategies for prevention and treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Feng Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Chaoyun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Lujun Shen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Peihong Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Wang Li
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
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9
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Lv L, Sheng C, Zhou Y. Extracellular vesicles as a novel therapeutic tool for cell-free regenerative medicine in oral rehabilitation. J Oral Rehabil 2019; 47 Suppl 1:29-54. [PMID: 31520537 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oral maxillofacial defects may always lead to complicated hard and soft tissue loss, including bone, nerve, blood vessels, teeth and skin, which are difficult to restore and severely influence the life quality of patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies, are emerging as potential solutions for complex tissue regeneration through cell-free therapies. In this review, we highlight the functional roles of EVs in the regenerative medicine for oral maxillofacial rehabilitation, specifically bone, skin, blood vessels, peripheral nerve and tooth-related tissue regeneration. Publications were reviewed by two researchers independently basing on three databases (PubMed, MEDLINE and Web of Science), until 31 December 2018. Basing on current researches, we classified the origin of EVs for regenerative medicine into four categories: related cells in the regenerative niche, mesenchymal stem cells, immune cells and body fluids. The secretome of different cells are distinct, while the same cells secrete different EVs under varied conditions; therefore, the content profiles of EVs and regulatory mechanisms on target cells are compared and emphasised. By unravelling the regulatory mechanisms of EVs in tissue regeneration, modified cells and tailored EVs with specific target may be produced for precision medicine with high efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longwei Lv
- Department of Prosthodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Chunhui Sheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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10
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Chen C, Liu Q, Hua H, Wang X, Wang P, Cui Z, Qian T. Novel microRNA, miR-sc6, modulates Schwann cell phenotype via targeting ErbB4. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:4116-4122. [PMID: 30988788 PMCID: PMC6447931 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that regulate various tissues and organs, including the nervous system. Peripheral nerve injury is a common pathology of the nervous system and leads to differential expressions of a variety of miRNAs. Previously, a group of novel miRNAs have been identified in rat proximal nerve segments after sciatic nerve transection. However, the biological functions of these novel miRNAs remain undetermined. The aim of the current study was therefore to identify the function of a novel miRNA, miR-sc6, following nerve injury. Its target genes and effects on phenotypic modulation of Schwann cells were determined using a miR-sc6 mimic transfection. These observations contribute to the understanding of miRNA involvement in peripheral nerve injury and the cognition of regulatory mechanisms in peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China.,Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Qianyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Hao Hua
- Department of Medicine, Xinglin College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xinghui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Pan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Zhiming Cui
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Tianmei Qian
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
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11
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Yi S, Liu Q, Wang X, Qian T, Wang H, Zha G, Yu J, Wang P, Gu X, Chu D, Li S. Tau modulates Schwann cell proliferation, migration and differentiation following peripheral nerve injury. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.222059. [PMID: 30782778 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.222059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tau protein (encoded by the gene microtubule-associated protein tau, Mapt) is essential for the assembly and stability of microtubule and the functional maintenance of the nervous system. Tau is highly abundant in neurons and is detectable in astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. However, whether tau is present in Schwann cells, the unique glial cells in the peripheral nervous system, is unclear. Here, we investigated the presence of tau and its coding mRNA, Mapt, in cultured Schwann cells and find that tau is present in these cells. Gene silencing of Mapt promoted Schwann cell proliferation and inhibited Schwann cell migration and differentiation. In vivo application of Mapt siRNA suppressed the migration of Schwann cells after sciatic nerve injury. Consistent with this, Mapt-knockout mice showed elevated proliferation and reduced migration of Schwann cells. Rats injected with Mapt siRNA and Mapt-knockout mice also exhibited impaired myelin and lipid debris clearance. The expression and distribution of the cytoskeleton proteins α-tubulin and F-actin were also disrupted in these animals. These findings demonstrate the existence and biological effects of tau in Schwann cells, and expand our understanding of the function of tau in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yi
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Qianyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Xinghui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Tianmei Qian
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Hongkui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Guangbin Zha
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Xiaosong Gu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Dandan Chu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Shiying Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
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12
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Lu G, Zhang M, Wang J, Zhang K, Wu S, Zhao X. Epigenetic regulation of myelination in health and disease. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 49:1371-1387. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guozhen Lu
- Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceSchool of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceSchool of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceSchool of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Kaixiang Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceSchool of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Shengxi Wu
- Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceSchool of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Xianghui Zhao
- Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceSchool of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
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13
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Liu QY, Miao Y, Wang XH, Wang P, Cheng ZC, Qian TM. Increased levels of miR-3099 induced by peripheral nerve injury promote Schwann cell proliferation and migration. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:525-531. [PMID: 30539823 PMCID: PMC6334613 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.245478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate the modulation of the phenotype of Schwann cells. Numerous novel miRNAs have been discovered and identified in rat sciatic nerve segments, including miR-3099. In the current study, miR-3099 expression levels following peripheral nerve injury were measured in the proximal stumps of rat sciatic nerves after surgical crush. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to determine miR-3099 expression in the crushed nerve segment at 0, 1, 4, 7, and 14 days post sciatic nerve injury, which was consistent with Solexa sequencing outcomes. Expression of miR-3099 was up-regulated following peripheral nerve injury. EdU and transwell chamber assays were used to observe the effect of miR-3099 on Schwann cell proliferation and migration. The results showed that increased miR-3099 expression promoted the proliferation and migration of Schwann cells. However, reduced miR-3099 expression suppressed the proliferation and migration of Schwann cells. The potential target genes of miR-3099 were also investigated by bioinformatic tools and high-throughput outcomes. miR-3099 targets genes Aqp4, St8sia2, Tnfsf15, and Zbtb16 and affects the proliferation and migration of Schwann cells. This study examined the levels of miR-3099 at different time points following peripheral nerve injury. Our results confirmed that increased miR-3099 level induced by peripheral nerve injury can promote the proliferation and migration of Schwann cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yang Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xing-Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhang-Chun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tian-Mei Qian
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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14
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Ji XM, Wang SS, Cai XD, Wang XH, Liu QY, Wang P, Cheng ZC, Qian TM. Novel miRNA, miR-sc14, promotes Schwann cell proliferation and migration. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:1651-1656. [PMID: 31089066 PMCID: PMC6557103 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.255996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs refer to a class of endogenous, short non-coding RNAs that mediate numerous biological functions. MicroRNAs regulate various physiological and pathological activities of peripheral nerves, including peripheral nerve repair and regeneration. Previously, using a rat sciatic nerve injury model, we identified many functionally annotated novel microRNAs, including miR-sc14. Here, we used real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to examine miR-sc14 expression in rat sciatic nerve stumps. Our results show that miR-sc14 is noticeably altered following sciatic nerve injury, being up-regulated at 1 day and diminished at 7 days. EdU and transwell chamber assay results showed that miR-sc14 mimic promoted proliferation and migration of Schwann cells, while miR-sc14 inhibitor suppressed their proliferation and migration. Additionally, bioinformatic analysis examined potential target genes of miR-sc14, and found that fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 might be a potential target gene. Specifically, our results show changes of miR-sc14 expression in the sciatic nerve of rats at different time points after nerve injury. Appropriately, up-regulation of miR-sc14 promoted proliferation and migration of Schwann cells. Consequently, miR-sc14 may be an intervention target to promote repair of peripheral nerve injury. The study was approved by the Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory Animal Management Committee, China on March 4, 2015 (approval No. 20150304-004).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Meng Ji
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong; Nonnasality Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shan-Shan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong; Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xing-Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qian-Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhang-Chun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tian-Mei Qian
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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15
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Wang X, Miao Y, Ni J, Wang Y, Qian T, Yu J, Liu Q, Wang P, Yi S. Peripheral Nerve Injury Induces Dynamic Changes of Tight Junction Components. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1519. [PMID: 30425652 PMCID: PMC6218557 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions seal off physical barriers, regulate fluid and solute flow, and protect the endoneurial microenvironment of the peripheral nervous system. Physical barriers in the peripheral nervous system were disrupted after nerve injury. However, the dynamic changes of tight junction components after peripheral nerve injury have not been fully determined yet. In the current study, by using previously obtained deep sequencing outcomes and bioinformatic tools, we found that tight junction signaling pathway was activated after peripheral nerve injury. The investigation of the temporal expression patterns of components in tight junction signaling pathway suggested that many claudin family members were down-regulated after nerve injury. Moreover, we examined the effects of matrix metalloproteinases 7 and 9 (MMP7 and MMP9) on tight junction genes both in vitro and in vivo and found that MMP7 and MMP9 modulated the expressions of genes coding for claudin 1, claudin 10, and claudin 22. Our study revealed the dynamic changes of tight junction components after peripheral nerve injury and thus might contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying peripheral nerve injury and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yang Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, Yancheng City No. 1 Peoples' Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Jun Ni
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yaxian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tianmei Qian
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qianyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Sheng Yi
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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16
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Qing L, Chen H, Tang J, Jia X. Exosomes and Their MicroRNA Cargo: New Players in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2018; 32:765-776. [PMID: 30223738 PMCID: PMC6146407 DOI: 10.1177/1545968318798955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury is a major clinical problem and often results in a poor functional recovery. Despite obvious clinical need, treatment strategies have been largely suboptimal. In the nervous system, exosomes, which are nanosized extracellular vesicles, play a critical role in mediating intercellular communication. More specifically, microRNA carried by exosomes are involved in various key processes such as nerve and vascular regeneration, and exosomes originating from Schwann cells, macrophages, and mesenchymal stem cells can promote peripheral nerve regeneration. In this review, the current knowledge of exosomes' and their miRNA cargo's role in peripheral nerve regeneration are summarized. The possible future roles of exosomes in therapy and the potential for microRNA-containing exosomes to treat peripheral nerve injuries are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Qing
- Department of Hand & Microsurgery, Xiangya Hospital of
Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of
Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Huanwen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of
Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Juyu Tang
- Department of Hand & Microsurgery, Xiangya Hospital of
Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008
| | - Xiaofeng Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of
Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Maryland School of
Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland
School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University
School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns
Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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17
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Wang P, He J, Wang S, Wang X, Liu Q, Peng W, Qian T. miR-3075 Inhibited the Migration of Schwann Cells by Targeting Cntn2. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:1879-1886. [PMID: 30078168 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2605-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury is a complex biological process that involves the expression changes of various coding and non-coding RNAs. Previously, a number of novel miRNAs that were dysregulated in rat sciatic nerve stumps after peripheral nerve injury were identified and functionally annotated by Solexa sequencing. In the current study, we studied one of these identified novel miRNAs, miR-3075, in depth. Results of transwell-based cell migration assay showed that increased expression of miR-3075 suppressed the migration rate of Schwann cells while decreased expression of miR-3075 elevated the migration rate of Schwann cells, demonstrating that miR-3075 inhibited Schwann cell migration. Results of BrdU cell proliferation assay showed that neither miR-3075 mimic nor miR-3075 inhibitor would affect Schwann cell proliferation. We further studied candidate target genes of miR-3075 by using bioinformatic tools and analyzing gene expression patterns and found that miR-3075 might target contactin 2 (Cntn2). Previous study showed that Cntn2 regulated cell migration and myelination. Our current observation suggested that the biological effects of miR-3075 on Schwann cell phenotype might by through the negative regulation of Cntn2. Overall, our study revealed the function of a novel miRNA, miR-3075, and expanded our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying peripheral nerve injury and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianghong He
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinghui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenqiang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianmei Qian
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
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18
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Sullivan TB, Robert LC, Teebagy PA, Morgan SE, Beatty EW, Cicuto BJ, Nowd PK, Rieger-Christ KM, Bryan DJ. Spatiotemporal microRNA profile in peripheral nerve regeneration: miR-138 targets vimentin and inhibits Schwann cell migration and proliferation. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:1253-1262. [PMID: 30028335 PMCID: PMC6065231 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.235073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
While the peripheral nervous system has regenerative ability, restoration of sufficient function remains a challenge. Vimentin has been shown to be localized in axonal growth fronts and associated with nerve regeneration, including myelination, neuroplasticity, kinase signaling in nerve axoplasm, and cell migration; however, the mechanisms regulating its expression within Schwann cell (SC) remain unexplored. The aim of this study was to profile the spatial and temporal expression profile of microRNA (miRNA) in a regenerating rat sciatic nerve after transection, and explore the potential role of miR-138-5p targeting vimentin in SC proliferation and migration. A rat sciatic nerve transection model, utilizing a polyethylene nerve guide, was used to investigate miRNA expression at 7, 14, 30, 60, and 90 days during nerve regeneration. Relative levels of miRNA expression were determined using microarray analysis and subsequently validated with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. In vitro assays were conducted with cultured Schwann cells transfected with miRNA mimics and assessed for migratory and proliferative potential. The top seven dysregulated miRNAs reported in this study have been implicated in cell migration elsewhere, and GO and KEGG analyses predicted activities essential to wound healing. Transfection of one of these, miRNA-138-5p, into SCs reduced cell migration and proliferation. miR-138-5p has been shown to directly target vimentin in cancer cells, and the luciferase assay performed here in rat Schwann cells confirmed it. These results detail a role of miR-138-5p in rat peripheral nerve regeneration and expand on reports of it as an important regulator in the peripheral nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis B. Sullivan
- Department of Translational Research, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA
| | - Litchfield C. Robert
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA
| | - Patrick A. Teebagy
- Department of Translational Research, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA
| | - Shannon E. Morgan
- Department of Translational Research, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA
| | - Evan W. Beatty
- Department of Translational Research, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA
| | - Bryan J. Cicuto
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA
| | - Peter K. Nowd
- Department of Translational Research, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA
| | | | - David J. Bryan
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA
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19
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Zhang J, Liu Y, Lu L. Emerging role of MicroRNAs in peripheral nerve system. Life Sci 2018; 207:227-233. [PMID: 29894714 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury is one of the most common clinical diseases. Although the regeneration of the peripheral nerve is better than that of the nerves of the central nervous system, because of its growth rate restrictions after damage. Hence, the outcome of repair after injury is not favorable. Small RNA, a type of non-coding RNA, has recently been gaining attention in neural injury. It is widely distributed in the nervous system in vivo and a significant change in the expression of small RNAs has been observed in a neural injury model. This suggests that MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may serve as a potential target for resolving the challenges of peripheral nerve repair. This review summarizes the current challenges in peripheral nerve injury repair, systematically expounds the mechanism of miRNAs in the process of nerve injury and repair and attempts to determine the possible treatment of peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Zhang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Laijin Lu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
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20
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Sohn EJ, Park HT. MicroRNA Mediated Regulation of Schwann Cell Migration and Proliferation in Peripheral Nerve Injury. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:8198365. [PMID: 29854793 PMCID: PMC5952561 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8198365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs) contribute to nerve repair following injury; however, the underlying molecular mechanism is poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are short noncoding RNAs, have been shown to play a role in neuronal disease. In this work, we show that miRNAs regulate the peripheral nerve system by modulating the migration and proliferation of SCs. Thus, miRNAs expressed in peripheral nerves may provide a potential therapeutic target for peripheral nerve injury or repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jung Sohn
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan Tae Park
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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21
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Novel miR-sc4 regulates the proliferation and migration of Schwann cells by targeting Cdk5r1. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 447:209-215. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3305-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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22
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Berkowicz SR, Giousoh A, Bird PI. Neurodevelopmental MACPFs: The vertebrate astrotactins and BRINPs. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 72:171-181. [PMID: 28506896 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Astrotactins (ASTNs) and Bone morphogenetic protein/retinoic acid inducible neural-specific proteins (BRINPs) are two groups of Membrane Attack Complex/Perforin (MACPF) superfamily proteins that show overlapping expression in the developing and mature vertebrate nervous system. ASTN(1-2) and BRINP(1-3) genes are found at conserved loci in humans that have been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Here we review the tissue distribution and cellular localization of these proteins, and discuss recent studies that provide insight into their structure and interactions. We highlight the genetic relationships and co-expression of Brinps and Astns; and review recent knock-out mouse phenotypes that indicate a possible overlap in protein function between ASTNs and BRINPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan R Berkowicz
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, 3800, Australia.
| | - Aminah Giousoh
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, 3800, Australia
| | - Phillip I Bird
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, 3800, Australia
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23
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Yi S, Wang QH, Zhao LL, Qin J, Wang YX, Yu B, Zhou SL. miR-30c promotes Schwann cell remyelination following peripheral nerve injury. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:1708-1715. [PMID: 29171437 PMCID: PMC5696853 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.217351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Differential expression of miRNAs occurs in injured proximal nerve stumps and includes miRNAs that are firstly down-regulated and then gradually up-regulated following nerve injury. These miRNAs might be related to a Schwann cell phenotypic switch. miR-30c, as a member of this group, was further investigated in the current study. Sprague-Dawley rats underwent sciatic nerve transection and proximal nerve stumps were collected at 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days post injury for analysis. Following sciatic nerve injury, miR-30c was down-regulated, reaching a minimum on day 4, and was then upregulated to normal levels. Schwann cells were isolated from neonatal rat sciatic nerve stumps, then transfected with miR-30c agomir and co-cultured in vitro with dorsal root ganglia. The enhanced expression of miR-30c robustly increased the amount of myelin-associated protein in the co-cultured dorsal root ganglia and Schwann cells. We then modeled sciatic nerve crush injury in vivo in Sprague-Dawley rats and tested the effect of perineural injection of miR-30c agomir on myelin sheath regeneration. Fourteen days after surgery, sciatic nerve stumps were harvested and subjected to immunohistochemistry, western blot analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. The direct injection of miR-30c stimulated the formation of myelin sheath, thus contributing to peripheral nerve regeneration. Overall, our findings indicate that miR-30c can promote Schwann cell myelination following peripheral nerve injury. The functional study of miR-30c will benefit the discovery of new therapeutic targets and the development of new treatment strategies for peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yi
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qi-Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li-Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Qin
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ya-Xian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Song-Lin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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