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Song X, Zhang W, Yu N, Zhong X. PAQR3 facilitates the ferroptosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma via the regulation of LDLR-mediated PI3K/AKT pathway. Hematol Oncol 2024; 42:e3219. [PMID: 37690092 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Progesterone and adiponectin receptor 3 (PAQR3) has been found to regulate tumor progression by mediating cell ferroptosis. However, whether PAQR3 mediates ferroptosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) needs further investigation. The mRNA and protein levels of PAQR3 and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) were assessed by qRT-PCR and WB assays. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay and EdU assay. Shrunken mitochondria was counted under transmission electron microscope. Cell ferroptosis was evaluated by measuring the levels of malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, glutathione, Fe2+ , and the protein expression of ferroptosis-related markers. PAQR3 and LDLR interaction was confirmed by RIP assay and pull-down assay. Our study showed that PAQR3 was underexpressed, while LDLR was overexpressed in DLBCL tissues and cells. Functionally, PAQR3 overexpression or LDLR knockdown restrained DLBCL cell proliferation and enhanced ferroptosis. Mechanistically, PAQR3 reduced LDLR expression by inhibiting its mRNA stability. Meanwhile, LDLR overexpression reversed PAQR3-mediated the promoting on DLBCL cell ferroptosis, and LY294002 (PI3K/AKT inhibitor) eliminated the inhibiting effects of LDLR overexpression on DLBCL cell ferroptosis. Additionally, excessive PAQR3 reduced DLBCL tumor growth by enhancing tumor cell ferroptosis through LDLR-mediated PI3K/AKT pathway. In conclusion, our data suggested that PAQR3 restrained DLBCL progression by aggravating ferroptosis, which was achieved by inhibiting LDLR expression to repress PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Song
- Departments of Lymphatic and Hematological Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), Nanchang City, China
| | - Weiming Zhang
- Departments of Lymphatic and Hematological Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), Nanchang City, China
| | - Nasha Yu
- Departments of Lymphatic and Hematological Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), Nanchang City, China
| | - Xing Zhong
- Departments of Lymphatic and Hematological Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), Nanchang City, China
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Barlak N, Kusdemir G, Gumus R, Gundogdu B, Sahin MH, Tatar A, Ittmann M, Karatas OF. Overexpression of POFUT1 promotes malignant phenotype and mediates perineural invasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:1950-1963. [PMID: 37641160 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most aggressive neoplasms, which requires more effective prevention and treatment modalities. Previous studies found that protein O-fucosyltransferase 1 (POFUT1) upregulation promotes carcinogenesis, although the potential roles, underlying molecular mechanisms, and biological implications of POFUT1 in HNSCC were not investigated. In this study, in silico analyses referred POFUT1 as a potential oncogene in HNSCC. Further analysis of tumor and normal tissue samples as well as HNSCC cells with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry showed significant overexpression of POFUT1 in HNSCC clinical tumor tissue specimens and cell lines compared to corresponding controls. In vitro investigations revealed that overexpression of POFUT1 promoted phenotypes associated with cancer aggressiveness and its knockdown in HNSCC cells suppressed those phenotypes. Further xenograft experiments demonstrated that POFUT1 is an oncogene in vivo for HNSCC. Immunohistochemical analysis with human clinical samples and cancer cell-dorsal root ganglion ex-vivo coculture model showed that deregulation of POFUT1 is involved in the perineural invasion of HNSCC cells. These results suggest POFUT1 expression as a potential prognostic marker for patients with head and neck cancer and highlight its potential as a target for HNSCC therapy, although more molecular clues are needed to better define the functions of POFUT1 related to HNSCC carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslisah Barlak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gulnur Kusdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Rasim Gumus
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Betul Gundogdu
- Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Hakan Sahin
- Department of Brain and Nerve Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Arzu Tatar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Michael Ittmann
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Michael E. DeBakey, VAMC, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Omer Faruk Karatas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
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3
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Guo Q, Liu XL, Zhai K, Chen C, Ke XX, Zhang J, Xu G. The Emerging Roles and Mechanisms of PAQR3 in Human Cancer: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Implications. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:4321-4328. [PMID: 37767187 PMCID: PMC10521929 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s422523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer was one of the common causes of death in the world, and it was increasing year by year. At present, Progestin and AdipoQ receptor family member 3 (PAQR3) was widely studied in cancer. It has been found that PAQR3 was down regulated in various cancers, such as the gastric cancer, osteosarcoma, glioma, hepatocellular carcinoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, esophageal cancer, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and colorectal cancer. The decreased expression of PAQR3 was associated with short overall survival and disease-free survival in patients with gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, esophageal cancer, breast cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. PAQR3 could inhibit cancer progression by using the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, PI3/AKT, EMT and other mechanisms, and was negatively regulated by the miR-543, miR-15b-5p and miR-15b. The roles and signaling mechanisms of PAQR3, and the relationship between the expression of PAQR3 and prognosis in cancer progression are reviewed in this article, and provides new tumor marker and idea to guide cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Li Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, The People’s Hospital of Jianyang City, Jianyang, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kui Zhai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xingyi People’s Hospital, Xinyi, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi-Xian Ke
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
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4
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Luo J, Mei Z, Lin S, Xing X, Qian X, Lin H. Integrative pan-cancer analysis reveals the importance of PAQR family in lung cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:10149-10160. [PMID: 37266662 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04922-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The progestin and adipoQ receptors (PAQRs) family contains 11 genes involved in the regulation of metabolism and cancer development. However, a comprehensive understanding of the role of PAQRs in cancer remains largely scarce, and the associations between their expression levels and immune signatures also need to be researched. METHODS Here, we applied pan-cancer analysis to explore the associations between PAQRs expression and survival, tumor microenvironment (TME), and drug sensitivity from the UCSC Xena and CellMiner databases. Besides, we further studied the expression, survival and somatic mutations of PAQRs in lung cancer (LC) from TCGA database. RESULTS The results showed that PAQRs had significant heterogeneity with some upregulation and some downregulation in most tumors. Specifically, compared with PAQR3/5/6/9 and MMD2, ADIPOR1/2, PAQR4/7/8 and MMD had higher levels of average expression in all tumor types. PAQRs expression was greatly correlated with survival, immune subtypes, TME, and drug sensitivity. Furthermore, this research concentrated on analyzing the relationship of PAQRs expression with LC prognosis, and proved that ADIPOR2, PAQR4/9 and MMD were independent prognostic factors for LC patients. Finally, based on somatic mutation data, the genetic mutations in LC patients were majorly missense mutations, and TP53 and TTN had the top two highest mutation frequencies. CONCLUSION Collectively, PAQRs may serve as robust biomarkers to predict the prognosis and guide immunotherapy of tumors, especially LC, which enables novel ways for improving cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Luo
- Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Avenue, Longhua District, Haikou, 570100, Hainan, China
| | - Zhenxin Mei
- Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Avenue, Longhua District, Haikou, 570100, Hainan, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Avenue, Longhua District, Haikou, 570100, Hainan, China
| | - Xin Xing
- Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Avenue, Longhua District, Haikou, 570100, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaoying Qian
- Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Avenue, Longhua District, Haikou, 570100, Hainan, China.
| | - Haifeng Lin
- Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Avenue, Longhua District, Haikou, 570100, Hainan, China.
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5
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Jiang L, Yang Q. HOXA10 enhances cell proliferation and suppresses apoptosis in esophageal cancer via activating p38/ERK signaling pathway. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:1750-1759. [PMID: 36407869 PMCID: PMC9635270 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is an extremely aggressive malignant tumor. Homeobox A10 (HOXA10) is highly expressed and plays an important role in a variety of tumors. However, the function of HOXA10 in EC remains unclear. In this study, HOXA10 was observed to highly express in EC tissues and cells. Interestingly, the CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, and colony formation assay confirmed that overexpression of HOXA10 promoted proliferation and suppressed cell apoptosis in EC cells. More importantly, the western blot assay indicated that the phosphorylation levels of ERK and p38 were elevated in EC cells overexpressed HOXA10, indicating that overexpression of HOXA10 activated p38/ERK signaling pathway in EC cells. These findings concluded that HOXA10 aggravated EC progression via activating p38/ERK signaling pathway, providing a potential therapeutic target for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, China
| | - Qixian Yang
- Clinical Laboratory of Diagnostics and Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Gehuzhonglu Road, Wujin District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, China
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Spano D, Colanzi A. Golgi Complex: A Signaling Hub in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:1990. [PMID: 35805075 PMCID: PMC9265605 DOI: 10.3390/cells11131990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Golgi Complex is the central hub in the endomembrane system and serves not only as a biosynthetic and processing center but also as a trafficking and sorting station for glycoproteins and lipids. In addition, it is an active signaling hub involved in the regulation of multiple cellular processes, including cell polarity, motility, growth, autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation, DNA repair and stress responses. As such, the dysregulation of the Golgi Complex-centered signaling cascades contributes to the onset of several pathological conditions, including cancer. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the signaling pathways regulated by the Golgi Complex and implicated in promoting cancer hallmarks and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Spano
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonino Colanzi
- Institute for Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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7
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Zhao G, Shi X, Sun Z, Zhao P, Lu Z. PAQR4 promotes the development of hepatocellular carcinoma by activating PI3K/AKT pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:1602-1613. [PMID: 34718369 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Progestin and adipoQ receptor 4 (PAQR4) is a novel tumorigenic factor that promotes cell proliferation and metastasis in lung and breast cancer, but its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unknown. The aim of our study was to explore its role and underlying mechanism in the development of HCC. Analysis of GEPIA database indicated that PAQR4 was highly expressed in HCC samples, and the mRNA level of PAQR4 was negatively correlated with the overall survival of HCC patients. Knockdown of PAQR4 in Hep3B cells suppressed cell proliferation by hindering G1/S transition of cell cycle as shown by the flow cytometry analysis. PAQR4 knockdown also expedited the cell apoptosis. Knockdown of PAQR4 repressed the migratory and invasive potential of Hep3B cells. PAQR4 knockdown sensitized Hep3B cells to apatinib-based chemotherapy. PAQR4 knockdown blocked the activation of PI3K/AKT pathway, as reflected by the reduced phosphorylation of AKT and p85. Conversely, overexpression of PAQR4 exerted opposite effects in Huh-7 cells. PI3K inhibitor LY294002 could eliminate the effects of PAQR4 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, chemoresistance, and invasion. In tumor xenograft model, knockdown of PAQR4 suppressed tumor growth in vivo, while PAQR4 overexpression promoted tumor growth. Collectively, our data suggest that PAQR4 has a tumorigenic effect on HCC progression by activating PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xiaobao Shi
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Zhanbo Sun
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Zaiming Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
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8
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Zhang C, Liu P, Huang J, Liao Y, Pan C, Liu J, Du Q, Liu T, Shang C, Ooi S, Chen R, Xia M, Jiang H, Xu M, Zou Q, Zhou Y, Huang H, Pan Y, Yuan L, Wang W, Yao S. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0043280 inhibits cervical cancer tumor growth and metastasis via miR-203a-3p/PAQR3 axis. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:888. [PMID: 34588429 PMCID: PMC8481253 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04193-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are known to act as key regulators in a variety of malignancies. However, the role of circRNAs in cervical cancer (CCa) remains largely unknown. Herein, we demonstrated that a circRNA derived from the TADA2A gene (hsa_circ_0043280) was significantly downregulated in CCa and that this reduction in expression was correlated with a poor prognosis. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that hsa_circ_0043280 functions as a tumor suppressor to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in CCa. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0043280 competitively sponges miR-203a-3p and prevents miR-203a-3p from reducing the levels of PAQR3. Collectively, our results demonstrate that hsa_circ_0043280 plays a pivotal role in the development and metastasis of CCa, thus suggesting that hsa_circ_0043280 has significant potential as a prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for CCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaming Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuandong Liao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chaoyun Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Junxiu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiqiao Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunliang Shang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyin Ooi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Run Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongye Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Manman Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiaojian Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yijia Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuwen Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shuzhong Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Gao P, Liu H, Yang Z, Hui Y, Shi Z, Yang Z, Song M, Yao M, Fan W, Yang J, Hao Y, Fan T. Development of a Novel Highly Spontaneous Metastatic Model of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Renal Capsule Technology. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:785-793. [PMID: 33574674 PMCID: PMC7872218 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s290564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Increasing evidence has demonstrated that animal models are imperative to investigate the potential molecular mechanism of metastasis and discover anti-metastasis drugs; however, efficient animal models to unveil the underlying mechanisms of metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are limited. METHODS ESCC cell EC9706 with high invasiveness was screened by repeated Transwell assays. Its biological characteristics were identified by flow cytometry as well as by the wound healing and CCK-8 assays. Besides, the levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related markers were examined using Western blotting. Parental (EC9706-I0) and subpopulation (EC9706-I3) cells were employed to establish the renal capsule model. Next, the tumor growth was detected by a live animal imaging system, and hematoxylin and eosin staining was applied to evaluate the metastatic status in ESCC. RESULTS EC9706-I3 cells showed rapid proliferation ability, S phase abundance, and high invasive ability; obvious upregulation in N-cadherin, Snail, Vimentin, and Bit1; and downregulation in E-cadherin. EC9706-I3 cells were less sensitive to the chemotherapy drug 5-fluorouracil than EC9706-I0 cells; however, both cell lines reached a tumorigenesis rate of 100% in the renal capsule model. The live animal imaging system revealed that the tumors derived from EC9706-I0 cells grew more slowly than those from EC9706-I3 cells at weeks 3-14. The EC9706-I3 xenograft model displayed a spontaneous metastatic site, including kidney, heart, liver, lung, pancreas, and spleen, with a distant metastatic rate of 80%. CONCLUSION Our data suggested that the metastatic model was successfully established, providing a novel platform for further exploring the molecular mechanisms of metastasis in ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Gao
- People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Laboratory for Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Yang
- People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiran Hui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518106, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Menghui Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenfei Fan
- People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Yang
- People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yibin Hao
- People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianli Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Guo Q, Ke XX, Fang SX, Gao WL, Song YX, Chen C, Lu HL, Xu G. PAQR3 Inhibits Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Growth by Regulating the NF-κB/p53/Bax Axis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:581919. [PMID: 33123538 PMCID: PMC7573313 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.581919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The expression of progestin and adipoQ receptor 3 (PAQR3) is generally downregulated in multiple tumors, which is associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. Methods The clinical value of PAQR3 was analyzed using various databases and in 60 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In addition, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, and flow cytometry assays were used to evaluate the effect of PAQR3 on the growth of NSCLC cells in vitro. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to investigate the possible mechanism through which PAQR3 is involved in the progression of lung cancer. Furthermore, western blotting was employed to verify the relevant mechanism. Results The expression of PAQR3 was decreased in 60 NSCLC patients and was related to the histological subtype, lymph node metastasis, tumor size, and diagnosis of NSCLC. Patients with lung adenocarcinoma with increased PAQR3 expression tended to have a better prognosis. Besides, PAQR3 inhibited proliferation, clone formation, and cycle transition in NSCLC cells, but induced apoptosis. The results of GSEA showed that PAQR3 regulated the progression of lung cancer by affecting cell cycle, DNA replication, and the p53 signaling pathway. We confirmed that PAQR3 overexpression inhibited the expression of NF-κB, while it increased the expression of p53, phospho-p53, and Bax. On the contrary, PAQR3 inhibition played an opposite role in these proteins. Conclusion PAQR3 inhibited the growth of NSCLC cells through the NF-κB/P53/Bax signaling pathway and might be a new target for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xi-Xian Ke
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shi-Xu Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Wei-Long Gao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hong-Ling Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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11
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Langdon R, Richmond R, Elliott HR, Dudding T, Kazmi N, Penfold C, Ingarfield K, Ho K, Bretherick A, Haley C, Zeng Y, Walker RM, Pawlita M, Waterboer T, Gaunt T, Smith GD, Suderman M, Thomas S, Ness A, Relton C. Identifying epigenetic biomarkers of established prognostic factors and survival in a clinical cohort of individuals with oropharyngeal cancer. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:95. [PMID: 32600451 PMCID: PMC7322918 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00870-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking status, alcohol consumption and HPV infection (acquired through sexual activity) are the predominant risk factors for oropharyngeal cancer and are thought to alter the prognosis of the disease. Here, we conducted single-site and differentially methylated region (DMR) epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of these factors, in addition to ∼ 3-year survival, using Illumina Methylation EPIC DNA methylation profiles from whole blood in 409 individuals as part of the Head and Neck 5000 (HN5000) study. Overlapping sites between each factor and survival were then assessed using two-step Mendelian randomization to assess whether methylation at these positions causally affected survival. RESULTS Using the MethylationEPIC array in an OPC dataset, we found novel CpG associations with smoking, alcohol consumption and ~ 3-year survival. We found no CpG associations below our multiple testing threshold associated with HPV16 E6 serological response (used as a proxy for HPV infection). CpG site associations below our multiple-testing threshold (PBonferroni < 0.05) for both a prognostic factor and survival were observed at four gene regions: SPEG (smoking), GFI1 (smoking), PPT2 (smoking) and KHDC3L (alcohol consumption). Evidence for a causal effect of DNA methylation on survival was only observed in the SPEG gene region (HR per SD increase in methylation score 1.28, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.43, P 2.12 × 10-05). CONCLUSIONS Part of the effect of smoking on survival in those with oropharyngeal cancer may be mediated by methylation at the SPEG gene locus. Replication in data from independent datasets and data from HN5000 with longer follow-up times is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Langdon
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rebecca Richmond
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Hannah R. Elliott
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tom Dudding
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nabila Kazmi
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Chris Penfold
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kate Ingarfield
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Karen Ho
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Andrew Bretherick
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Scotland Bristol, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Chris Haley
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Scotland Bristol, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Yanni Zeng
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Scotland Bristol, EH4 2XU UK
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rosie M. Walker
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
| | - Michael Pawlita
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tom Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Matthew Suderman
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Steve Thomas
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Andy Ness
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Caroline Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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12
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Peng W, Mo X, Li L, Lu T, Hu Z. PAQR3 protects against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion-induced injury through the ERK signaling pathway in N2A cells. J Mol Histol 2020; 51:307-315. [PMID: 32448978 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09881-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury is pivotal in the development of multiple-subcellular organelle and tissue injury after acute ischemic stroke. Recently, the Golgi apparatus (GA) has been shown to be a key subcellular organelle that plays an important role in neuroprotection against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) injury. PAQR3, a scaffold protein exclusively localized in the GA, was originally discovered as a potential tumor suppressor protein. PAQR3 acts as a spatial regulator of Raf-1 that binds Raf-1 and sequesters it to the GA, where it negatively modulates the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway in tumor models. Studies suggest that suppression of the ERK pathway can alleviate OGD/R-induced cell apoptosis. However, whether PAQR3 has potential effects on ischemic stroke and the underlying mechanism(s) remain unexplored. The current study is the first to show that PAQR3 was significantly downregulated in mouse neuroblastoma (N2A) cells upon OGD/R exposure, both at the mRNA and protein levels. Compared to that in controls, the mRNA level of PAQR3 began to decline at 0 h (0 h) after reperfusion, while the protein level began to decline at 4 h. Furthermore, overexpression of PAQR3 reduced OGD/R-induced apoptosis. The mRNA and protein levels of total ERK1 and ERK2 were unaltered, while activated p-ERK1 and p-ERK2 were decreased in N2A cells transfected with a PAQR3 expression vector after OGD for 4 h plus 24 h of reperfusion. Collectively, these data indicated that increased PAQR3 expression protected against OGD/R-induced apoptosis possibly by inhibiting the ERK signaling pathway. Therefore, PAQR3 might be a new attractive target in the treatment of OGD/R insult, and the underlying mechanism will pave the way for its potential experimental and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenna Peng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoye Mo
- Department of Emergency, First Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Colleges of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan, China
| | - Tonglin Lu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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13
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Lei L, Ling ZN, Chen XL, Hong LL, Ling ZQ. Characterization of the Golgi scaffold protein PAQR3, and its role in tumor suppression and metabolic pathway compartmentalization. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:353-362. [PMID: 32021448 PMCID: PMC6970510 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s210919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus is critical in the compartmentalization of signaling cascades originating from the cytoplasmic membrane and various organelles. Scaffold proteins, such as progestin and adipoQ receptor (PAQR)3, specifically regulate this process, and have recently been identified in the Golgi apparatus. PAQR3 belongs to the PAQR family, and was recently described as a tumor suppressor. Accumulating evidence demonstrates PAQR3 is downregulated in different cancers to suppress its inhibitory effects on malignant potential. PAQR3 functions biologically through the pathological regulation of altered signaling pathways. Significant cell proliferation networks, including Ras proto-oncogene (Ras)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), insulin, and vascular endothelial growth factor, are closely controlled by PAQR3 for physiologically relevant effects. Meanwhile, genetic/epigenetic susceptibility and environmental factors, may have functions in the downregulation of PAQR3 in human cancers. This study aimed to assess the subcellular localization of PAQR3 and determine its topological features and functional domains, summarizing its effects on cell signaling compartmentalization. The pathophysiological functions of PAQR3 in cancer pathogenesis, metabolic diseases, and developmental ailments were also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Lei
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, 310022, People's Republic of China.,The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe-Nan Ling
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Liu Chen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian-Lian Hong
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Ling
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, 310022, People's Republic of China
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14
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Abstract
The role of the Golgi apparatus in carcinogenesis still remains unclear. A number of structural and functional cis-, medial-, and trans-Golgi proteins as well as a complexity of metabolic pathways which they mediate may indicate a central role of the Golgi apparatus in the development and progression of cancer. Pleiotropy of cellular function of the Golgi apparatus makes it a "metabolic heart" or a relay station of a cell, which combines multiple signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis. Therefore, any damage to or structural abnormality of the Golgi apparatus, causing its fragmentation and/or biochemical dysregulation, results in an up- or downregulation of signaling pathways and may in turn promote tumor progression, as well as local nodal and distant metastases. Three alternative or parallel models of spatial and functional Golgi organization within tumor cells were proposed: (1) compacted Golgi structure, (2) normal Golgi structure with its increased activity, and (3) the Golgi fragmentation with ministacks formation. Regardless of the assumed model, the increased activity of oncogenesis initiators and promoters with inhibition of suppressor proteins results in an increased cell motility and migration, increased angiogenesis, significantly activated trafficking kinetics, proliferation, EMT induction, decreased susceptibility to apoptosis-inducing factors, and modulating immune response to tumor cell antigens. Eventually, this will lead to the increased metastatic potential of cancer cells and an increased risk of lymph node and distant metastases. This chapter provided an overview of the current state of knowledge of selected Golgi proteins, their role in cytophysiology as well as potential involvement in tumorigenesis.
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15
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Zou Y, Chen Z, Li J, Gong W, Zhang L, Xu F, Chen L, Liu P, Huang H. Progestin and AdipoQ Receptor 3 Upregulates Fibronectin and Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 in Glomerular Mesangial Cells via Activating NF-κB Signaling Pathway Under High Glucose Conditions. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:275. [PMID: 29930535 PMCID: PMC5999916 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progestin and adipoQ receptor 3 (PAQR3), is a Golgi-anchored membrane protein containing seven transmembrane helices. It has been demonstrated that PAQR3 mediates insulin resistance, glucose and lipid metabolism, and inflammation. In addition, kidney inflammatory fibrosis is an important pathological feature of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Therefore, we aimed to investigate the role of PAQR3 in diabetic kidney fibrosis as well as inflammation in DN. OBJECT The effect of PAQR3 on NF-κB signaling pathway, expressions of fibronectin (FN) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) cultured by high glucose (HG) were examined. METHOD Diabetic mouse and rat models were induced by streptozotocin (STZ). GMCs were treated with HG and transfected with PAQR3 plasmids or small-interfering RNA targeting PAQR3 or NF-κB. The protein levels of FN and ICAM-1 were examined by Western blotting, and the transcriptional activity and DNA binding activity of NF-κB were measured by dual luciferase reporter assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). The interaction between PAQR3 and IKKβ (inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinase β) was analyzed by co-immunoprecipitation. RESULTS PAQR3 was increased in both STZ-induced diabetic models and HG-treated GMCs. PAQR3 overexpression further increased HG-induced FN and ICAM-1 upregulation. In contrast, silencing of PAQR3 suppressed the expressions of FN and ICAM-1. PAQR3 overexpression promoted the nuclear accumulation, DNA binding activity, and transcriptional activity of NF-κB. Mechanically, PAQR3 directly interacted with IKKβ. The upregulation effect of PAQR3 overexpression on the expressions of FN and ICAM-1 was abolished by the treatment of NF-κB siRNA or PDTC (ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate) in HG-treated GMCs. CONCLUSION PAQR3 promotes the expressions of FN and ICAM-1 via activating NF-κB signaling pathway. Mechanistically, PAQR3 activates NF-κB signaling pathway to mediate kidney inflammatory fibrosis through direct interaction with IKKβ in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yezi Zou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiquan Chen
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyan Gong
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Futian Xu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihao Chen
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heqing Huang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Heqing Huang,
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16
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Lounglaithong K, Bychkov A, Sampatanukul P. Aberrant promoter methylation of the PAQR3 gene is associated with prostate cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 214:126-129. [PMID: 29122400 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Methylation markers are promising tools for diagnosis, prognosis and targeted treatment of cancer. In prostate carcinoma, aberrant promoter hypermethylation occurs earlier in the disease course and more consistently than recurrent somatic mutations. PAQR3, a tumor suppressor gene, was recently found to be downregulated in prostate cancer cell lines. We hypothesized that promoter methylation could be responsible for PAQR3 silencing in prostate cancer tissues. We aimed to investigate PAQR3 promoter methylation in prostate cancer by comparing it to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). A total of 154 human prostate tissue samples, including 92 cases with prostate cancer and 62 cases with BPH, were examined by methylation-specific PCR. Clinicopathological correlation between PAQR3 promoter methylation and prognostically relevant variables was studied by statistical analysis. Promoter methylation of PAQR3 was significantly more frequent in prostate carcinoma compared to BPH (73.9% vs. 25.8%, p<0.01). The high prevalence of PAQR3 methylation in cancer foci was also confirmed with microdissection technique in 12 samples of prostate adenocarcinoma. PAQR3 hypermethylation was associated with perineural invasion (p=0.03), an adverse clinicopathological feature of prostate cancer. We concluded that PAQR3 can be a promising methylation marker candidate for the detection and monitoring of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kowit Lounglaithong
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Rama IV Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Andrey Bychkov
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Rama IV Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Pichet Sampatanukul
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Rama IV Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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17
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Bai G, Chu J, Eli M, Bao Y, Wen H. PAQR3 overexpression suppresses the aggressive phenotype of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells via inhibition of ERK signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:813-819. [PMID: 28802234 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Progestin and adipoQ receptor family member 3 (PAQR3) has exhibited anticancer activity in multiple malignancies. However, its expression and function in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is still elusive. In this work, we examined the expression of PAQR3 in 40 surgically resected ESCC specimens and their adjacent normal tissues. The expression of PAQR3 in ESCC cell lines was measured after treatment with the demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-CdR). The effects of overexpression of PAQR3 on cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion, and tumorigenesis were investigated. It was found that the PAQR3 mRNA level was significantly lower in ESCC than that in adjacent normal tissues (P=0.0318). Low PAQR3 expression was significantly associated with more advanced TNM stage (P=0.0093) and absent lymph node involvement (P=0.0324). Compared to normal esophageal epithelial cells, ESCC cells had significantly lower levels of PAQR3. 5-Aza-CdR treatment led to an induction of PAQR3 in ESCC cells. Enforced expression of PAQR3 significantly inhibited ESCC cell proliferation, colony formation and invasion. Moreover, PAQR3 overexpression blocked cell cycle transition from G1 to S phase, which was associated with induction of p27 and p21 and reduction of cyclin D1, CDK4, and CDK2. Mechanistically, overexpression of PAQR3 suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in ESCC cells. In vivo tumorigenic studies confirmed that PAQR3 overexpression retarded the growth of ECA-109 xenograft tumors and inhibited the activation of ERK signaling. Taken together, PAQR3 is epigenetically silenced in ESCC and restoration of PAQR3 suppresses the aggressive phenotype of ESCC cells. Therefore, PAQR3 may represent a potential target for the treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Bai
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jianhu Chu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Mayinur Eli
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yongxing Bao
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
| | - Hao Wen
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
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