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Sadek KM, Shib NA, Taher ES, Rashed F, Shukry M, Atia GA, Taymour N, El-Nablaway M, Ibrahim AM, Ramadan MM, Abdelkader A, Abdo M, Imbrea I, Pet E, Ali LS, Abdeen A. Harnessing the power of bee venom for therapeutic and regenerative medical applications: an updated review. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1412245. [PMID: 39092234 PMCID: PMC11291246 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1412245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Honeybees have been helpful insects since ancient centuries, and this benefit is not limited to being a honey producer only. After the bee stings a person, pain, and swelling occur in this place, due to the effects of bee venom (BV). This is not a poison in the total sense of the word because it has many benefits, and this is due to its composition being rich in proteins, peptides, enzymes, and other types of molecules in low concentrations that show promise in the treatment of numerous diseases and conditions. BV has also demonstrated positive effects against various cancers, antimicrobial activity, and wound healing versus the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Even though topical BV therapy is used to varying degrees among countries, localized swelling or itching are common side effects that may occur in some patients. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the complex chemical composition of BV, highlighting the diverse range of bioactive compounds and their therapeutic applications, which extend beyond the well-known anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects, showcasing the versatility of BV in modern medicine. A specific search strategy was followed across various databases; Web of sciences, Scopus, Medline, and Google Scholar including in vitro and in vivo clinical studies.to outline an overview of BV composition, methods to use, preparation requirements, and Individual consumption contraindications. Furthermore, this review addresses safety concerns and emerging approaches, such as the use of nanoparticles, to mitigate adverse effects, demonstrating a balanced and holistic perspective. Importantly, the review also incorporates historical context and traditional uses, as well as a unique focus on veterinary applications, setting it apart from previous works and providing a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadry M. Sadek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Naira A. Shib
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Ehab S. Taher
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Fatema Rashed
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Mustafa Shukry
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Gamal A. Atia
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, and Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Noha Taymour
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad El-Nablaway
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ateya M. Ibrahim
- Department of Administration and Nursing Education, College of Nursing, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family and Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M. Ramadan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Afaf Abdelkader
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdo
- Department of Animal Histology and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Egypt
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Ilinca Imbrea
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Technologies, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Elena Pet
- Department of Management and Rural Development, Faculty of Management and Rural Tourism, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Lashin S. Ali
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ahmed Abdeen
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, Egypt
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Dinu M, Tatu AL, Cocoș DI, Nwabudike LC, Chirilov AM, Stefan CS, Earar K, Dumitriu Buzia O. Natural Sources of Therapeutic Agents Used in Skin Conditions. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:492. [PMID: 38672762 PMCID: PMC11051086 DOI: 10.3390/life14040492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin conditions are numerous and often have a major impact on patients' quality of life, and effective and safe treatment is very important. The conventional drugs used for skin diseases are usually corticosteroids and antimicrobial products that can induce various side effects, especially with long-term use, which is why researchers are studying alternatives, especially biologically active natural products. Three products caught our attention: bee venom (BV), due to reported experimental results showing anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, antimycotic, and anticancer effects, Ficus carica (FC) due to its demonstrated antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory action, and finally Geranium essential oil (GEO), with proven antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. Following a review of the literature, we produced this paper, which presents a review of the potential therapeutic applications of the three products in combating various skin conditions and for skin care, because BV, FC, and GEO have common pharmacological actions (anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant). We also focused on studying the safety of the topical use of BV, FC, and GEO, and new approaches to this. This paper presents the use of these natural therapeutic agents to treat patients with conditions such as vitiligo, melasma, and melanoma, as well as their use in treating dermatological conditions in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Dinu
- Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (M.D.); (C.S.S.); (K.E.); (O.D.B.)
| | - Alin Laurențiu Tatu
- Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania;
- Dermatology Department, “Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva” Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 800179 Galati, Romania
- Multidisciplinary Integrative Center for Dermatologic Interface Research MIC-DIR, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Dorin Ioan Cocoș
- Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (M.D.); (C.S.S.); (K.E.); (O.D.B.)
| | | | - Ana Maria Chirilov
- Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (M.D.); (C.S.S.); (K.E.); (O.D.B.)
| | - Claudia Simona Stefan
- Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (M.D.); (C.S.S.); (K.E.); (O.D.B.)
| | - Kamel Earar
- Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (M.D.); (C.S.S.); (K.E.); (O.D.B.)
| | - Olimpia Dumitriu Buzia
- Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (M.D.); (C.S.S.); (K.E.); (O.D.B.)
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Jodidio M, Schwartz RA. Bee venom: apitherapy and more. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2024; 159:4-10. [PMID: 37997319 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.23.07683-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Honeybees are becoming increasingly familiar to the general population due to the growing popularity of backyard and amateur beekeeping. Although bee venom produces reactions ranging from mild local irritation to life-threatening anaphylaxis, it is also used for life-saving desensitization immunotherapy in those with severe reactions to bee stings. The use of honeybee venom for immunotherapy has increased due to an enhanced interest in natural therapeutics. Recently, honeybee venom has been administered as a successful, safe, and cost-effective treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, back pain, and skin diseases. During the past two decades, studies have tested honeybee venom's efficacy for treating various skin disorders, including atopic dermatitis, wound healing, and psoriasis. We will review bee venom from multiple perspectives, including its medical applications and mechanisms for dermatological pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Jodidio
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Department of Dermatology, Pathology and Pediatrics, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Robert A Schwartz
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Department of Dermatology, Pathology and Pediatrics, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA -
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Khan N, Ahmed S, Sheraz MA, Anwar Z, Ahmad I. Pharmaceutical based cosmetic serums. PROFILES OF DRUG SUBSTANCES, EXCIPIENTS AND RELATED METHODOLOGY 2023; 48:167-210. [PMID: 37061274 DOI: 10.1016/bs.podrm.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The growth and demand for cosmeceuticals (cosmetic products that have medicinal or drug-like benefits) have been enhanced for the last few decades. Lately, the newly invented dosage form, i.e., the pharmaceutical-based cosmetic serum has been developed and widely employed in various non-invasive cosmetic procedures. Many pharmaceutical-based cosmetic serums contain natural active components that claim to have a medical or drug-like effect on the skin, hair, and nails, including anti-aging, anti-wrinkle, anti-acne, hydrating, moisturizing, repairing, brightening and lightening skin, anti-hair fall, anti-fungal, and nail growth effect, etc. In comparison with other pharmaceutical-related cosmetic products (creams, gels, foams, and lotions, etc.), pharmaceutical-based cosmetic serums produce more rapid and incredible effects on the skin. This chapter provides detailed knowledge about the different marketed pharmaceutical-based cosmetic serums and their several types such as facial serums, hair serums, nail serums, under the eye serum, lip serum, hand, and foot serum, respectively. Moreover, some valuable procedures have also been discussed which provide prolong effects with desired results in the minimum duration of time after the few sessions of the serum treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimra Khan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sofia Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali Sheraz
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan; Department of Pharmaceutics, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zubair Anwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Iqbal Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Therapeutic Effect of Bee Venom and Melittin on Skin Infection Caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14100663. [PMID: 36287932 PMCID: PMC9611473 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14100663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) bacteria cause almost all primary skin infections in humans. Bee venom (BV) and melittin (Mel) have multiple effects, including antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. This study aims to demonstrate their effects on bacterial mouse skin infection using S. pyogenes. The dorsal skin was tape-stripped, then S. pyogenes was topically applied. BV or Mel were topically applied to the lesion. The tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, while immunohistochemical staining was performed with anti-neutrophil. S. pyogenes-infected skin revealed increased epidermal and dermal layers, but it was reduced in the BV and Mel groups. Finding increased neutrophils in the mice infected with S. pyogenes, but the BV and Mel mice showed decreased expression. These results suggest that BV and Mel treatments could reduce the inflammatory reactions and help improve lesions induced by S. pyogenes skin infection. This study provides additional assessment of the potential therapeutic effects of BV and Mel in managing skin infection caused by S. pyogenes, further suggesting that it could be a candidate for developing novel treatment alternative for streptococcal skin infections.
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Samancı AET, Kekeçoğlu M. Development of a Cream Formulation Containing Bee Venom and Other Bee Products. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:4913-4920. [PMID: 35238152 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a prototype skincare product with bee venom, propolis, honey, beeswax, and royal jelly. The prototype formulation contained 0.1 % bee venom, 0.3 % propolis extract, 0.45 % honey, and 1.0 % royal jelly. The prototype body cream was analyzed for stability, antioxidant activity, dermatological response, and cytotoxicity. In addition, a panel test evaluated the prototype for the claims such as skin smoothness, feelings of nourishment, moisturizing, skin tone, brightness, and visibility of wrinkles. According to the stability test, the prototype was stable for up to 90 days at room temperature and +40 °C. The formulation was found to have a high antioxidant capacity at 85.45%. Cell viability detected over 70% indicated that the prototype body cream was not cytotoxic. The dermatological analysis revealed no irritation or allergic reaction in non-allergic individuals. Panel test showed that the prototype makes skin silky smooth, contributes to hydration, brightens and nourishes the skin, evens the skin tone, reduces the visibility of wrinkles, improves skin elasticity, and smoothes wrinkles. This prototype formulation requires further research to evaluate its effectiveness against skin aging on different skin types. Nevertheless, the side effects of such products need particular attention in developing a commercial product containing bee venom in susceptible individuals.
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Cosmetic Applications of Bee Venom. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13110810. [PMID: 34822594 PMCID: PMC8625659 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13110810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bee venom (BV) is a typical toxin secreted by stingers of honeybee workers. BV and BV therapy have long been attractive to different cultures, with extensive studies during recent decades. Nowadays, BV is applied to combat several skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, alopecia, vitiligo, and psoriasis. BV is used extensively in topical preparations as cosmetics and used as dressing for wound healing, as well as in facemasks. Nevertheless, the safety of BV as a therapeutic choice has always been a concern due to the immune system reaction in some people due to BV use. The documented unfavorable impact is explained by the fact that the skin reactions to BV might expand to excessive immunological responses, including anaphylaxis, that typically resolve over numerous days. This review aims to address bee venom therapeutic uses in skin cosmetics.
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8
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Nader RA, Mackieh R, Wehbe R, El Obeid D, Sabatier JM, Fajloun Z. Beehive Products as Antibacterial Agents: A Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:717. [PMID: 34203716 PMCID: PMC8232087 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10060717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Honeybees are one of the most marvelous and economically beneficial insects. As pollinators, they play a vital role in every aspect of the ecosystem. Beehive products have been used for thousands of years in many cultures for the treatment of various diseases. Their healing properties have been documented in many religious texts like the Noble Quran and the Holy Bible. Honey, bee venom, propolis, pollen and royal jelly all demonstrated a richness in their bioactive compounds which make them effective against a variety of bacterial strains. Furthermore, many studies showed that honey and bee venom work as powerful antibacterial agents against a wide range of bacteria including life-threatening bacteria. Several reports documented the biological activities of honeybee products but none of them emphasized on the antibacterial activity of all beehive products. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the antibacterial activity of honey, bee venom, propolis, pollen and royal jelly, that are produced by honeybees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Abou Nader
- Faculty of Sciences 3, Department of Biology, Lebanese University, Campus Michel Slayman Ras Maska, Tripoli 1352, Lebanon; (R.A.N.); (R.M.)
| | - Rawan Mackieh
- Faculty of Sciences 3, Department of Biology, Lebanese University, Campus Michel Slayman Ras Maska, Tripoli 1352, Lebanon; (R.A.N.); (R.M.)
| | - Rim Wehbe
- Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon;
| | - Dany El Obeid
- Faculty of Agriculture & Veterinary Sciences, Lebanese University, Dekwaneh, Beirut 2832, Lebanon;
| | - Jean Marc Sabatier
- Faculté de Médecine Secteur Nord, 51, Université Aix-Marseille, Institut de Neuro-Physiopathologie, UMR 7051, Boulevard Pierre Dramard-CS80011, CEDEX 15, 13344 Marseille, France
| | - Ziad Fajloun
- Faculty of Sciences 3, Department of Biology, Lebanese University, Campus Michel Slayman Ras Maska, Tripoli 1352, Lebanon; (R.A.N.); (R.M.)
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology (LBA3B), Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, EDST, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon
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10
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Nguyen JK, Masub N, Jagdeo J. Bioactive ingredients in Korean cosmeceuticals: Trends and research evidence. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 19:1555-1569. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie K. Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology SUNY Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn NY USA
- Dermatology Service VA New York Harbor Healthcare System – Brooklyn Campus Brooklyn NY USA
| | - Natasha Masub
- Department of Dermatology SUNY Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn NY USA
- Dermatology Service VA New York Harbor Healthcare System – Brooklyn Campus Brooklyn NY USA
| | - Jared Jagdeo
- Department of Dermatology SUNY Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn NY USA
- Dermatology Service VA New York Harbor Healthcare System – Brooklyn Campus Brooklyn NY USA
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11
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Atolani O, Adamu N, Oguntoye O, Zubair M, Fabiyi O, Oyegoke R, Adeyemi O, Areh E, Tarigha D, Kambizi L, Olatunji G. Chemical characterization, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, Anti- Toxoplasma gondii and antimicrobial potentials of the Citrus sinensis seed oil for sustainable cosmeceutical production. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03399. [PMID: 32099925 PMCID: PMC7031391 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are growing concerns about the chronic and acute effects of synthetic additives such as antibacterial, fragrances, colourants and stabilizing agents used in the production of various household products. Many household products and materials including cosmetic products are reportedly suspected to be carcinogenic with some acting as endocrine disruptors among other effects. Thus, environmental-friendly alternatives such as products that are rich in bioactive phytochemicals are becoming consumers' preferred choice especially in the beauty and cosmetic sector. 'Green' preparation of medicinal soaps devoid of any synthetic additives was made from underutilized tropical seed of Citrus sinensis seed oil and some natural additives comprising of natural honey, Ocimum gratissimum leaves extract, Moringa oleifera seed oil and coconut oil. Precisely, the seed oil of the underexplored C. sinensis was obtained via soxhlet extraction and saponified with natural lye solution at different ratios to produce soaps of varying characteristics. The incorporation of honey and Ocimum gratissimum leaf extract provided additional antimicrobial, antioxidant and fragrance properties. Physico-chemical parameters of the oil and soaps were determined following standard procedures while the fatty acid profile of the trans-esterified oil was determined using GC-MS. The antimicrobial potential of the oil and soaps were assessed using agar diffusion method at concentrations 200 mg/mL and below. Linoleic acid (36%) and oleic acid (27%) were the most prominent in C. sinensis seed oil. The soap had antimicrobial potential comparable to commercial product. The soap samples recorded highest anti-bacteria activities (22.0 ± 1.0-23.0 ± 1.0) against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis and notable anti-fungi activities (18.0 ± 1.0) against Penicillium notatum and Candida albicans. Additionally, the oil showed moderate anti-parasite (anit-toxoplasma gondii) activity (EC50 ≤ 500 μg/mL) but with improved selectivity that precludes oxidative stress while the prepared medicinal soaps exhibited remarkable antioxidant property. The utilization of these locally sourced resources will prevent the daily introduction of synthetic antimicrobial and antioxidant chemicals into the environment. The initiative avail a sustainable production of environmentally-benign cosmetic products besides conversion of waste to wealth agrees which aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Atolani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - N. Adamu
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - O.S. Oguntoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - M.F. Zubair
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - O.A. Fabiyi
- Department of Crop Protection, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - R.A. Oyegoke
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - O.S. Adeyemi
- Department of Biochemistry, Medicinal Biochemistry, Nanomedicine & Toxicology Laboratory, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - E.T. Areh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - D.E. Tarigha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - L. Kambizi
- Department of Horticulture, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa
| | - G.A. Olatunji
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
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12
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Wei MP, Qiu JD, Li L, Xie YF, Guo YH, Yu H, Cheng YL, Qian H, Yao WR. The chemical profile and biological activity of different extracts of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. against Cutibacterium acnes. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:4740-4745. [PMID: 31994913 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1715399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the antibacterial activities of different extracts of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. (S. mukorossi) on Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes). The extract solvent and procedure were screened, based on the yield of saponins and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The results showed that the optimized product, fermentation and ethyl acetate extract by adding isoamyl alcohol from water extract of S. mukorossi (SWFEAI), had the highest yield of saponins (7.83 ± 0.26%) and the best antibacterial activity (MIC = 0.125 mg/mL) on C. acnes. The destroyed bacterial cell membrane and wall were observed by transmission electron microscopy, which then resulted in cell lysis and death. Furthermore, 20 compounds of SWFEAI were detected, among which oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins with molecular weights of 734, 750, 882, 924 and 966 were speculated to contribute to the antibacterial activities of SWFEAI. The results showed that SWFEAI could be a natural anti-acne agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ping Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jin-Dan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yun-Fei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ya-Hui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-Liang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - He Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei-Rong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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Kurek-Górecka A, Górecki M, Rzepecka-Stojko A, Balwierz R, Stojko J. Bee Products in Dermatology and Skin Care. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030556. [PMID: 32012913 PMCID: PMC7036894 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey, propolis, bee pollen, bee bread, royal jelly, beeswax and bee venom are natural products which have been used in medicine since ancient times. Nowadays, studies indicate that natural bee products can be used for skin treatment and care. Biological properties of these products are related to flavonoids they contain like: chrysin, apigenin, kaempferol, quercetin, galangin, pinocembrin or naringenin. Several pharmacological activities of phenolic acids and flavonoids, and also 10-hydroxy-trans-2-decenoic acid, which is present in royal jelly, have been reported. Royal jelly has multitude of pharmacological activities: antibiotic, antiinflammatory, antiallergenic, tonic and antiaging. Honey, propolis and pollen are used to heal burn wounds, and they possess numerous functional properties such as: antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, disinfectant, antifungal and antiviral. Beeswax is used for production of cosmetics and ointments in pharmacy. Due to a large number of biological activities, bee products could be considered as important ingredients in medicines and cosmetics applied to skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kurek-Górecka
- Silesian Academy of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Mickiewicza 29, 40-085 Katowice, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Michał Górecki
- Department of Drug Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Jedności 8, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (M.G.); (A.R.-S.)
| | - Anna Rzepecka-Stojko
- Department of Drug Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Jedności 8, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (M.G.); (A.R.-S.)
| | - Radosław Balwierz
- Silesian Academy of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Mickiewicza 29, 40-085 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Jerzy Stojko
- Department of Toxycology and Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Ostrogórska 30, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
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An overview of the bioactive compounds, therapeutic properties and toxic effects of apitoxin. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 134:110864. [PMID: 31574265 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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15
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Gurnee EA, Kamath S, Kruse L. Complementary and alternative therapy for pediatric acne: A review of botanical extracts, dietary interventions, and oral supplements. Pediatr Dermatol 2019; 36:596-601. [PMID: 31231870 DOI: 10.1111/pde.13904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Many supplements and products containing botanical extracts are marketed to patients for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Additionally, increasing attention has been paid to the role of diet in acne vulgaris. Studies on this topic including pediatric patients are limited, with variable efficacy data. Despite these limitations, knowledge of alternative therapies in pediatric acne vulgaris is often expected from pediatric dermatologists. Here we review available data on the efficacy of complementary and alternative medicines for treatment of acne in pediatric patients, focusing on topical, oral, and dietary modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Gurnee
- Division of Dermatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sonia Kamath
- Division of Dermatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lacey Kruse
- Division of Dermatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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16
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Lyu C, Fang F, Li B. Anti-Tumor Effects of Melittin and Its Potential Applications in Clinic. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019; 20:240-250. [PMID: 29895240 DOI: 10.2174/1389203719666180612084615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Melittin, a major component of bee venom, is a water-soluble toxic peptide of which a various biological effects have been identified to be useful in anti-tumor therapy. In addition, Melittin also has anti-parasitic, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, it is a very attractive therapeutic candidate for human diseases. However, melittin induces extensive hemolysis, a severe side effect that dampens its future development and clinical application. Thus, studies of melittin derivatives and new drug delivery systems have been conducted to explore approaches for optimizing the efficacy of this compound, while reducing its toxicity. A number of reviews have focused on each side, respectively. In this review, we summarize the research progress on the anti-tumor effects of melittin and its derivatives, and discuss its future potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Lyu
- Changhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanfu Fang
- Changhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bai Li
- Changhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Kim H, Park SY, Lee G. Potential Therapeutic Applications of Bee Venom on Skin Disease and Its Mechanisms: A Literature Review. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11070374. [PMID: 31252651 PMCID: PMC6669657 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11070374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin is larger than any other organ in humans. Like other organs, various bacterial, viral, and inflammatory diseases, as well as cancer, affect the skin. Skin diseases like acne, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis often reduce the quality of life seriously. Therefore, effective treatment of skin disorders is important despite them not being life-threatening. Conventional medicines for skin diseases include corticosteroids and antimicrobial drugs, which are effective in treating many inflammatory and infectious skin diseases; however, there are growing concerns about the side effects of these therapies, especially during long-term use in relapsing or intractable diseases. Hence, many researchers are trying to develop alternative treatments, especially from natural sources, to resolve these limitations. Bee venom (BV) is an attractive candidate because many experimental and clinical reports show that BV exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrotic, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and anticancer effects. Here, we review the therapeutic applications of BV in skin diseases, including acne, alopecia, atopic dermatitis, melanoma, morphea, photoaging, psoriasis, wounds, wrinkles, and vitiligo. Moreover, we explore the therapeutic mechanisms of BV in the treatment of skin diseases and killing effects of BV on skin disease-causing pathogens, including bacteria, fungi and viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haejoong Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do 58245, Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology & Dermatology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do 58245, Korea.
| | - Gihyun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do 58245, Korea.
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18
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Complementary and Alternative Methods for Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: a Systematic Review. CURRENT DERMATOLOGY REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13671-018-0230-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Somwongin S, Chantawannakul P, Chaiyana W. Antioxidant activity and irritation property of venoms from Apis species. Toxicon 2018; 145:32-39. [PMID: 29499244 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacological effects of bee venom has been reported, however, it has been restricted to the bee venom collected from European honey bee (Apis mellifera). The aim of the present study was to compare the antioxidant activities and irritation properties of venoms collected from four different Apis species in Thailand, which includes Apis cerena (Asian cavity nesting honeybee), Apis florea (dwarf honeybee), Apis dorsata (giant honeybee), and A. mellifera. Melittin content of each bee venom extracts was investigated by using high-performance liquid chromatography. Ferric reducing antioxidant power, 2, 2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay were used to determine the antioxidant activity, whereas, hen's egg test chorioallantoic membrane assay was used to determine the irritation property of each bee venom extracts. Melittin was the major constituent in all bee venom extracts. The melittin content in A. dorsata, A. mellifera, A. florea, and A. cerena were 95.8 ± 3.2%, 76.5 ± 1.9%, 66.3 ± 8.6%, and 56.8 ± 1.8%, respectively. Bee venom extract from A. dorsata possessed the highest antioxidant activity with the inhibition of 41.1 ± 2.2% against DPPH, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity of 10.21 ± 0.74 mM Trolox/mg and equivalent concentration (EC1) of 0.35 ± 0.02 mM FeSO4/mg. Bee venom extract from A. mellifera exhibited the highest irritation, followed by A. cerena, A. dorsata, and A. florea, respectively. Melittin was the compound responsible for the irritation property of bee venom extracts since it could induce severe irritation (irritation score was 13.7 ± 0.5, at the concentration of 2 mg/ml). The extract from A. dorsata which possessed the highest antioxidant activity showed no irritation up to the concentration of 0.1 mg/ml. Therefore, bee venom extract from A. dorsata at the concentration not more than 0.1 mg/ml would be suggested for using as cosmetic ingredients since it possessed the highest antioxidant activity with no irritation. This study is the first report to compare the bee venom extracts from different Apis species and display their potential application of bee venom extracts in cosmetic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvimol Somwongin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Panuwan Chantawannakul
- Bee Protection Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; International College of Digital Innovation, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Wantida Chaiyana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Crude Venom Isolated from Parasitoid Wasp, Bracon hebetor Say. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:6978194. [PMID: 29213193 PMCID: PMC5682083 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6978194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pest control in the agricultural fields, a major concern globally, is currently achieved through chemical or biological methods. Chemical methods, which leave toxic residue in the produce, are less preferred than biological methods. Venoms injected by stings of various wasps that kill the pest is considered as the examples of the biological method. Although several studies have investigated the biological control of pests through these venoms, very few studies have reported the effects of these venoms on mammalian cells. Bracon hebetor, an ectoparasitoid of the order Hymenoptera, is having a paramount importance in parasitizing various lepidopterous larvae including Plodia interpunctella also called as Indianmeal moth (IMM). Since it is biologically controlled by B. hebetor venom, therefore in our study, herein for the first time, we report the anti-inflammatory activities of the venom from B. hebetor (BHV). We developed a septic shock mice model for in vivo anti-inflammatory studies and RAW 264.7 cells for in vitro studies. Our results clearly demonstrate that BHV can dose dependently abrogate the nitric oxide (NO) production and suppress the levels of proinflammatory mediators and cytokines without posing any cytotoxicity via the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways.
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21
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Emulsion-Based Intradermal Delivery of Melittin in Rats. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22050836. [PMID: 28534835 PMCID: PMC6154715 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bee venom (BV) has long been used as a traditional medicine. The aim of the present study was to formulate a BV emulsion with good rheological properties for dermal application and investigate the effect of formulation on the permeation of melittin through dermatomed rat skin. A formulated emulsion containing 1% (w/v) BV was prepared. The emulsion was compared with distilled water (DW) and 25% (w/v) N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) in DW. Permeation of melittin from aqueous solution through the dermatomed murine skin was evaluated using the Franz diffusion cells. Samples of receptor cells withdrawn at pre-determined time intervals were measured for melittin amount. After the permeation study, the same skin was used for melittin extraction. In addition, a known amount of melittin (5 μg/mL) was added to stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis of the rat skin, and the amount of melittin was measured at pre-determined time points. The measurement of melittin from all samples was done with HPLC-MS/MS. No melittin was detected in the receptor phase at all time points in emulsion, DW, or NMP groups. When the amount of melittin was further analyzed in stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis from the permeation study, melittin was still not detected. In an additional experiment, the amount of melittin added to all skin matrices was corrected against the amount of melittin recovered. While the total amount of melittin was retained in the stratum corneum, less than 10% of melittin remained in epidermis and dermis within 15 and 30 min, respectively. Skin microporation with BV emulsion facilitates the penetration of melittin across the stratum corneum into epidermis and dermis, where emulsified melittin could have been metabolized by locally-occurring enzymes.
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Han SM, Hong IP, Woo SO, Chun SN, Park KK, Nicholls YM, Pak SC. The beneficial effects of honeybee-venom serum on facial wrinkles in humans. Clin Interv Aging 2015; 10:1587-92. [PMID: 26491274 PMCID: PMC4598227 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s84940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Facial wrinkles are an undesirable outcome caused by extrinsic photodamage and intrinsic aging processes. Currently, no effective strategies are known to prevent facial wrinkles. We assessed the beneficial effects of bee-venom serum on the clinical signs of aging skin. Our results show that bee-venom serum treatment clinically improved facial wrinkles by decreasing total wrinkle area, total wrinkle count, and average wrinkle depth. Therefore, bee-venom serum may be effective for the improvement of skin wrinkles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Mi Han
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Wanju, South Korea
| | - In Phyo Hong
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Soon Ok Woo
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Sung Nam Chun
- Dong Sung Pharmaceuticals Co Ltd, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwan Kyu Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, South Korea
| | | | - Sok Cheon Pak
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia
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Lee H, Pyo MJ, Bae SK, Heo Y, Kim CG, Kang C, Kim E. Improved Therapeutic Profiles of PLA2-Free Bee Venom Prepared by Ultrafiltration Method. Toxicol Res 2015; 31:33-40. [PMID: 25874031 PMCID: PMC4395653 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2015.31.1.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bee venom (BV) has long been used in traditional Eastern and Western medicine for chronic inflammation, pain and skin therapy. Human exposure to BV, however, often causes unwanted adverse effects and is even fatal in some cases. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) of BV is now suspected to play a key role in these adverse effects. We investigated the potential use of PLA2-free bee venom (PBV) as a replacement for BV in cosmetic products. PBV prepared by molecular weight cut-off ultrafiltration exhibits a superior profile in comparison with regular BV, by inhibiting elastase activity and suppressing the induction of nitric oxide (NO) and metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), while retaining the effects of cell proliferation and protection against ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced damage in human dermal fibroblast cells. PBV thus appears to be more promising than BV as a cosmetic ingredient with a reduced potential for adverse reactions in the recipient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunkyoung Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea ; Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Min-Jung Pyo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea ; Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Seong Kyeong Bae
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Yunwi Heo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Choul Goo Kim
- Chung Jin Biotech Co., Ltd., Hanyang University Business Center, Anshan-si, Korea
| | - Changkeun Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea ; Institutes of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Euikyung Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea ; Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
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Moreno M, Giralt E. Three valuable peptides from bee and wasp venoms for therapeutic and biotechnological use: melittin, apamin and mastoparan. Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:1126-50. [PMID: 25835385 PMCID: PMC4417959 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7041126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
While knowledge of the composition and mode of action of bee and wasp venoms dates back 50 years, the therapeutic value of these toxins remains relatively unexploded. The properties of these venoms are now being studied with the aim to design and develop new therapeutic drugs. Far from evaluating the extensive number of monographs, journals and books related to bee and wasp venoms and the therapeutic effect of these toxins in numerous diseases, the following review focuses on the three most characterized peptides, namely melittin, apamin, and mastoparan. Here, we update information related to these compounds from the perspective of applied science and discuss their potential therapeutic and biotechnological applications in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Moreno
- Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Baldiri i Reixac, 10, Barcelona 08028, Spain.
| | - Ernest Giralt
- Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Baldiri i Reixac, 10, Barcelona 08028, Spain.
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Lee H, Bae SK, Pyo MJ, Heo Y, Kim CG, Kang C, Kim E. Anti-wrinkle Effect of PLA2-free Bee Venom against UVB-irradiated Human Skin Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.14397/jals.2015.49.1.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne is a chronic skin disease characterised by inflamed spots and blackheads on the face, neck, back, and chest. Cysts and scarring can also occur, especially in more severe disease. People with acne often turn to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, and dietary modifications, because of their concerns about the adverse effects of conventional medicines. However, evidence for CAM therapies has not been systematically assessed. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects and safety of any complementary therapies in people with acne vulgaris. SEARCH METHODS We searched the following databases from inception up to 22 January 2014: the Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2014,Issue 1), MEDLINE (from 1946), Embase (from 1974), PsycINFO (from 1806), AMED (from 1985), CINAHL (from 1981), Scopus (from 1966), and a number of other databases listed in the Methods section of the review. The Cochrane CAM Field Specialised Register was searched up to May 2014. We also searched five trials registers and checked the reference lists of articles for further references to relevant trials. SELECTION CRITERIA We included parallel-group randomised controlled trials (or the first phase data of randomised cross-over trials) of any kind of CAM, compared with no treatment, placebo, or other active therapies, in people with a diagnosis of acne vulgaris. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Three authors collected data from each included trial and evaluated the methodological quality independently. They resolved disagreements by discussion and, as needed, arbitration by another author. MAIN RESULTS We included 35 studies, with a total of 3227 participants. We evaluated the majority as having unclear risk of selection, attrition, reporting, detection, and other biases. Because of the clinical heterogeneity between trials and the incomplete data reporting, we could only include four trials in two meta-analyses, with two trials in each meta-analysis. The categories of CAM included herbal medicine, acupuncture, cupping therapy, diet, purified bee venom (PBV), and tea tree oil. A pharmaceutical company funded one trial; the other trials did not report their funding sources.Our main primary outcome was 'Improvement of clinical signs assessed through skin lesion counts', which we have reported as 'Change in inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesion counts', 'Change of total skin lesion counts', 'Skin lesion scores', and 'Change of acne severity score'. For 'Change in inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesion counts', we combined 2 studies that compared a low- with a high-glycaemic-load diet (LGLD, HGLD) at 12 weeks and found no clear evidence of a difference between the groups in change in non-inflammatory lesion counts (mean difference (MD) -3.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) -10.07 to 2.29, P = 0.10, 75 participants, 2 trials, low quality of evidence). However, although data from 1 of these 2 trials showed benefit of LGLD for reducing inflammatory lesions (MD -7.60, 95% CI -13.52 to -1.68, 43 participants, 1 trial) and total skin lesion counts (MD -8.10, 95% CI -14.89 to -1.31, 43 participants, 1 trial) for people with acne vulgaris, data regarding inflammatory and total lesion counts from the other study were incomplete and unusable in synthesis.Data from a single trial showed potential benefit of tea tree oil compared with placebo in improving total skin lesion counts (MD -7.53, 95% CI -10.40 to -4.66, 60 participants, 1 trial, low quality of evidence) and acne severity scores (MD -5.75, 95% CI -9.51 to -1.99, 60 participants, 1 trial). Another trial showed pollen bee venom to be better than control in reducing numbers of skin lesions (MD -1.17, 95% CI -2.06 to -0.28, 12 participants, 1 trial).Results from the other 31 trials showed inconsistent effects in terms of whether acupuncture, herbal medicine, or wet-cupping therapy were superior to controls in increasing remission or reducing skin lesions.Twenty-six of the 35 included studies reported adverse effects; they did not report any severe adverse events, but specific included trials reported mild adverse effects from herbal medicines, wet-cupping therapy, and tea tree oil gel.Thirty trials measured two of our secondary outcomes, which we combined and expressed as 'Number of participants with remission'. We were able to combine 2 studies (low quality of evidence), which compared Ziyin Qinggan Xiaocuo Granule and the antibiotic, minocycline (100 mg daily) (worst case = risk ratio (RR) 0.49, 95% CI 0.09 to 2.53, 2 trials, 206 participants at 4 weeks; best case = RR 2.82, 95% CI 0.82 to 9.06, 2 trials, 206 participants at 4 weeks), but there was no clear evidence of a difference between the groups.None of the included studies assessed 'Psychosocial function'.Two studies assessed 'Quality of life', and significant differences in favour of the complementary therapy were found in both of them on 'feelings of self-worth' (MD 1.51, 95% CI 0.88 to 2.14, P < 0.00001, 1 trial, 70 participants; MD 1.26, 95% CI 0.20 to 2.32, 1 trial, 46 participants) and emotional functionality (MD 2.20, 95% CI 1.75 to 2.65, P < 0.00001, 1 trial, 70 participants; MD 0.93, 95% CI 0.17 to 1.69, 1 trial, 46 participants).Because of limitations and concerns about the quality of the included studies, we could not draw a robust conclusion for consistency, size, and direction of outcome effects in this review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is some low-quality evidence from single trials that LGLD, tea tree oil, and bee venom may reduce total skin lesions in acne vulgaris, but there is a lack of evidence from the current review to support the use of other CAMs, such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, or wet-cupping therapy, for the treatment of this condition. There is a potential for adverse effects from herbal medicines; however, future studies need to assess the safety of all of these CAM therapies. Methodological and reporting quality limitations in the included studies weakened any evidence. Future studies should be designed to ensure low risk of bias and meet current reporting standards for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Cao
- Beijing University of Chinese MedicineCentre for Evidence‐Based Chinese MedicineBeijingChina100029
| | - Guoyan Yang
- Beijing University of Chinese MedicineCentre for Evidence‐Based Chinese MedicineBeijingChina100029
| | - Yuyi Wang
- Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineDepartment of DermatologyChongqingChina
| | - Jian Ping Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese MedicineCentre for Evidence‐Based Chinese MedicineBeijingChina100029
| | - Caroline A Smith
- University of Western SydneyNational Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM)Locked Bag 1797SydneyNew South WalesAustralia2751
| | - Hui Luo
- Beijing University of Chinese MedicineCentre for Evidence‐Based Chinese MedicineBeijingChina100029
| | - Yueming Liu
- The University of Nottinghamc/o Cochrane Skin GroupA103, King's Meadow CampusLenton LaneNottinghamUKNG7 2NR
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El-Tantawy NL. Helminthes and insects: maladies or therapies. Parasitol Res 2014; 114:359-77. [PMID: 25547076 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-014-4260-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
By definition, parasites cause harm to their hosts. But, considerable evidence from ancient traditional medicine has supported the theory of using parasites and their products in treating many diseases. Maggots have been used successfully to treat chronic, long-standing, infected wounds which failed to respond to conventional treatment by many beneficial effects on the wound including debridement, disinfection, and healing enhancement. Maggots are also applied in forensic medicine to estimate time between the death and discovery of a corpse and in entomotoxicology involving the potential use of insects as alternative samples for detecting drugs and toxins in death investigations. Leeches are segmented invertebrates, famous by their blood-feeding habits and used in phlebotomy to treat various ailments since ancient times. Leech therapy is experiencing resurgence nowadays in health care principally in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Earthworms provide a source of medicinally useful products with potential antimicrobial, antiviral, and anticancer properties. Lumbrokinases are a group of fibrinolytic enzymes isolated and purified from earthworms capable of degrading plasminogen-rich and plasminogen-free fibrin and so can be used to treat various conditions associated with thrombotic diseases. Helminth infection has been proved to have therapeutic effects in both animal and human clinical trials with promising evidence in treating many allergic diseases and can block the induction of or reduce the severity of some autoimmune disorders as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. What is more, venomous arthropods such as scorpions, bees, wasps, spiders, ants, centipedes, snail, beetles, and caterpillars. The venoms and toxins from these arthropods provide a promising source of natural bioactive compounds which can be employed in the development of new drugs to treat diseases as cancer. The possibility of using these active molecules in biotechnological processes can make these venoms and toxins a valuable and promising source of natural bioactive compounds. The therapeutic use of helminthes and insects will be of great value in biomedicine and further studies on insect toxins will contribute extensively to the development of Biomedical Sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora L El-Tantawy
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 2 El-Gomhouria Street, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt,
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