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Wang D, Li S, Yang Z, Yu C, Wu P, Yang Y, Zhang R, Li Q, Yang J, Li H, Ji G, Wang Y, Xie K, Liu Y, Wang K, Zhu D, Zhang W, Liu D, Chen B, Li W. Single-cell transcriptome analysis deciphers the CD74-mediated immune evasion and tumour growth in lung squamous cell carcinoma with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1786. [PMID: 39113235 PMCID: PMC11306293 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) contributes to the incidence and prognosis of lung cancer. The presence of COPD significantly increases the risk of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). COPD may promote an immunosuppressive microenvironment in LSCC by regulating the expression of immune-inhibitory factors in T cells, although the mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to decipher the tumour microenvironment signature for LSCC with COPD at a single-cell level. METHODS We performed single-cell RNA sequencing on tumour tissues from LSCC with or without COPD, then investigated the features of the immune and tumour cells. We employed multiple techniques, including multispectral imaging, flow cytometry, tissue microarray analysis, survival analysis, co-culture systems and in vitro and in vivo treatment experiments, to validate the findings obtained from single-cell analyses. RESULTS LSCC with COPD showed increased proportions of tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) and higher levels of CD8+ T cell exhaustion molecules, which contributed to an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Further analysis revealed a critical cluster of CD74+ tumour cells that expressed both epithelial and immune cell signatures, exhibited a stronger capacity for tumorigenesis and predicted worse overall survival. Notably, migration inhibitory factor (MIF) secreted by TAMs from LSCC with COPD may promote the activation of CD74. MIF-CD74 may interact with CD8+ T cells and impair their anti-tumour activity by regulating the PI3K-STAT3-programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 signalling pathway, facilitating tumour proliferation and immune evasion. CONCLUSIONS Our comprehensive picture of the tumour ecosystem in LSCC with COPD provides deeper insights into relevant immune evasion mechanisms and potential targets for immunotherapy. HIGHLIGHT Our results demonstrated higher proportions of tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) and higher levels of exhaustion molecules in CD8+ T cells in the microenvironment of LSCC with COPD. CD74+tumour cells were associated with poor disease prognosis. Migration inhibitory factor (MIF)-CD74 may interact with CD8+ T cells and impair their anti-tumour activity by regulating the PI3K-STAT3-PD-L1 signalling pathway, facilitating immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denian Wang
- Precision Medicine Research CenterPrecision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and MultimorbidityWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicinePrecision Medicine CenterFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular NetworkWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Research Units of West ChinaChinese Academy of Medical SciencesWest China HospitalChengduSichuanChina
| | - Sixiang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicinePrecision Medicine CenterFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular NetworkWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of NephrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Chunyan Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular NetworkLaboratory of Omics Technology and BioinformaticsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Department of Respiratory HealthFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular NetworkWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Respiratory HealthFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular NetworkWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicinePrecision Medicine CenterFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular NetworkWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Qingyan Li
- Department of Respiratory HealthFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular NetworkWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Jian Yang
- Center of GrowthMetabolism, and AgingKey Laboratory of Bio‐Resources and Eco‐EnvironmentCollege of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Hongchun Li
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of DrugsState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Guiyi Ji
- Health Management CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Kang Xie
- Precision Medicine Research CenterPrecision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and MultimorbidityWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Lung Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Kaige Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicinePrecision Medicine CenterFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular NetworkWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Daxing Zhu
- Lung Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Wengeng Zhang
- Precision Medicine Research CenterPrecision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and MultimorbidityWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicinePrecision Medicine CenterFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular NetworkWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Bojiang Chen
- Precision Medicine Research CenterPrecision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and MultimorbidityWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Weimin Li
- Precision Medicine Research CenterPrecision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and MultimorbidityWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicinePrecision Medicine CenterFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular NetworkWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Research Units of West ChinaChinese Academy of Medical SciencesWest China HospitalChengduSichuanChina
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2
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Valdez CN, Sánchez-Zuno GA, Bucala R, Tran TT. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and D-Dopachrome Tautomerase (DDT): Pathways to Tumorigenesis and Therapeutic Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4849. [PMID: 38732068 PMCID: PMC11084905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Discovered as inflammatory cytokines, MIF and DDT exhibit widespread expression and have emerged as critical mediators in the response to infection, inflammation, and more recently, in cancer. In this comprehensive review, we provide details on their structures, binding partners, regulatory mechanisms, and roles in cancer. We also elaborate on their significant impact in driving tumorigenesis across various cancer types, supported by extensive in vitro, in vivo, bioinformatic, and clinical studies. To date, only a limited number of clinical trials have explored MIF as a therapeutic target in cancer patients, and DDT has not been evaluated. The ongoing pursuit of optimal strategies for targeting MIF and DDT highlights their potential as promising antitumor candidates. Dual inhibition of MIF and DDT may allow for the most effective suppression of canonical and non-canonical signaling pathways, warranting further investigations and clinical exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Naomi Valdez
- School of Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (C.N.V.); (R.B.)
| | - Gabriela Athziri Sánchez-Zuno
- Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Richard Bucala
- School of Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (C.N.V.); (R.B.)
- Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Thuy T. Tran
- School of Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (C.N.V.); (R.B.)
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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3
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Thiele M, Donnelly SC, Mitchell RA. OxMIF: a druggable isoform of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in cancer and inflammatory diseases. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-005475. [PMID: 36180072 PMCID: PMC9528626 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine with a pleiotropic spectrum of biological functions implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer and inflammatory diseases. MIF is constitutively present in several cell types and non-lymphoid tissues and is secreted after acute stress or inflammation. MIF triggers the release of proinflammatory cytokines, overrides the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids, and exerts chemokine function, resulting in increased migration and recruitment of leukocytes into inflamed tissue. Despite this, MIF is a challenging target for therapeutic intervention because of its ubiquitous nature and presence in the circulation and tissue of healthy individuals. Oxidized MIF (oxMIF) is an immunologically distinct disease-related structural isoform found in the plasma and tissues of patients with inflammatory diseases and in solid tumor tissues. MIF converts to oxMIF in an oxidizing, inflammatory environment. This review discusses the biology and activity of MIF and the potential for autoimmune disease and cancer modification by targeting oxMIF. Anti-oxMIF antibodies reduce cancer cell invasion/migration, angiogenesis, proinflammatory cytokine production, and ERK and AKT activation. Anti-oxMIF antibodies also elicit apoptosis and alter immune cell function and/or migration. When co-administered with a glucocorticoid, anti-oxMIF antibodies produced a synergistic response in inflammatory models. Anti-oxMIF antibodies therefore counterregulate biological activities attributed to MIF. oxMIF expression has been observed in inflammatory diseases (eg, sepsis, psoriasis, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus) and oxMIF has been detected in ovarian, colorectal, lung, and pancreatic cancers. In contrast to MIF, oxMIF is specifically detected in plasma and/or tissues of diseased patients, but not in healthy individuals. Therefore, as a druggable isoform of MIF, oxMIF represents a potential new therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases and cancer. Fully human, monoclonal anti-oxMIF antibodies have been shown to selectively bind oxMIF in preclinical and phase I studies; however, additional clinical assessments are necessary to validate their use as either a monotherapy or in combination with standard-of-care regimens (ie, immunomodulatory agents/checkpoint inhibitors, anti-angiogenic drugs, chemotherapeutics, and glucocorticoids).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Thiele
- Biology Research, OncoOne Research & Development GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Seamas C Donnelly
- Department of Medicine, Tallaght University Hospital & Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Robert A Mitchell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Surgery, J.G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.,Division of Immunotherapy, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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4
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Zhang Z, Zhou X, Guo J, Zhang F, Qian Y, Wang G, Duan M, Wang Y, Zhao H, Yang Z, Liu Z, Jiang X. TA-MSCs, TA-MSCs-EVs, MIF: their crosstalk in immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. J Transl Med 2022; 20:320. [PMID: 35842634 PMCID: PMC9287873 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03528-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As an important component of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), it has been established that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) promote the progression of tumor cells. MSCs can directly promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumor cells via cytokines and chemokines, as well as promote tumor progression by regulating the functions of anti-tumor immune and immunosuppressive cells. MSCs-derived extracellular vesicles (MSCs-EVs) contain part of the plasma membrane and signaling factors from MSCs; therefore, they display similar effects on tumors in the immunosuppressive TME. The tumor-promoting role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in the immunosuppressive TME has also been revealed. Interestingly, MIF exerts similar effects to those of MSCs in the immunosuppressive TME. In this review, we summarized the main effects and related mechanisms of tumor-associated MSCs (TA-MSCs), TA-MSCs-EVs, and MIF on tumors, and described their relationships. On this basis, we hypothesized that TA-MSCs-EVs, the MIF axis, and TA-MSCs form a positive feedback loop with tumor cells, influencing the occurrence and development of tumors. The functions of these three factors in the TME may undergo dynamic changes with tumor growth and continuously affect tumor development. This provides a new idea for the targeted treatment of tumors with EVs carrying MIF inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghou Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jinshuai Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Fusheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yiping Qian
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Meiqi Duan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yutian Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Haiying Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zunpeng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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5
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Skeens E, Pantouris G, Shah D, Manjula R, Ombrello MJ, Maluf NK, Bhandari V, Lisi GP, Lolis EJ. A Cysteine Variant at an Allosteric Site Alters MIF Dynamics and Biological Function in Homo- and Heterotrimeric Assemblies. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:783669. [PMID: 35252348 PMCID: PMC8893199 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.783669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an inflammatory protein with various non-overlapping functions. It is not only conserved in mammals, but it is found in parasites, fish, and plants. Human MIF is a homotrimer with an enzymatic cavity between two subunits with Pro1 as a catalytic base, activates the receptors CD74, CXCR2, and CXCR4, has functional interactions in the cytosol, and is reported to be a nuclease. There is a solvent channel down its 3-fold axis with a recently identified gating residue as an allosteric site important for regulating, to different extents, the enzymatic activity and CD74 binding and signaling. In this study we explore the consequence of converting the allosteric residue Tyr99 to cysteine (Y99C) and characterize its crystallographic structure, NMR dynamics, stability, CD74 function, and enzymatic activity. In addition to the homotrimeric variant, we develop strategies for expressing and purifying a heterotrimeric variant consisting of mixed wild type and Y99C for characterization of the allosteric site to provide more insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Skeens
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Georgios Pantouris
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, United States
| | - Dilip Shah
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, United States
| | - Ramu Manjula
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Michael J. Ombrello
- Translational Genetics and Genomic Unit, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | - Vineet Bhandari
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, United States
| | - George P. Lisi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- *Correspondence: George P. Lisi, ; Elias J. Lolis,
| | - Elias J. Lolis
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- *Correspondence: George P. Lisi, ; Elias J. Lolis,
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6
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Verma HK, Ratre YK, Mazzone P, Laurino S, Bhaskar LVKS. Micro RNA facilitated chemoresistance in gastric cancer: a novel biomarkers and potential therapeutics. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/20905068.2020.1779992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Henu Kumar Verma
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology CNR, Naples, Italy
- Section of Stem Cell and Development, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche “Gaetano Salvatore” Biogem, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | | | - Pellegrino Mazzone
- Section of Stem Cell and Development, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche “Gaetano Salvatore” Biogem, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Simona Laurino
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), Rionero in Vulture, Italy
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7
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Utispan K, Koontongkaew S. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor modulates proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptotic activity in head and neck cancer cell lines. J Dent Sci 2020; 16:342-348. [PMID: 33384818 PMCID: PMC7770260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a multifunctional cytokine that contributes to the progression of several cancers. MIF overexpression has been reported in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. However, the exact role of MIF in HNSCC is not fully understood. Our aim was to evaluate the amount of secreted MIF and the role of MIF in the proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis in HNSCC cell lines. Materials and methods Genetically matched HNSCC cell lines derived from primary (HN18 and HN30) and metastatic sites (HN17 and HN31) from the same patient were used in this study. The MIF levels in conditioned media from the HNSCC cell lines were evaluated using ELISA. The HNSCC cell lines were treated with recombinant MIF at concentrations 25, 50 and 100 ng/ml, and cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay. A proliferative dose of MIF was used to treat the cells then, cell cycle, and apoptotic status were determined by flow cytometry. Results The HNSCC-secreted MIF concentration ranged from 49.33 to 973 pg/ml. Exogenous MIF (25 ng/ml) significantly increased HN18, HN30, and HN31 cell proliferation. Moreover, MIF induced cell cycle progression and inhibited apoptosis in these cells. However, MIF did not affect growth or apoptosis in HN17 cell. Conclusion MIF secreted from the HNSCC cell lines were evaluated. Exogenous MIF promotes various effects on proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis in HNSCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusumawadee Utispan
- Oral Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Sittichai Koontongkaew
- Oral Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathum Thani, Thailand.,Walailak University International College of Dentistry, Walailak University, Bangkok, Thailand
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8
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Florez-Sampedro L, Soto-Gamez A, Poelarends GJ, Melgert BN. The role of MIF in chronic lung diseases: looking beyond inflammation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 318:L1183-L1197. [PMID: 32208924 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00521.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that has been associated with many diseases. Most studies found in literature describe MIF as a proinflammatory cytokine involved in chronic inflammatory conditions, but evidence from last years suggests that many of its key effects are not directly related to inflammation. In fact, MIF is constitutively expressed in most human tissues and in some cases in high levels, which does not reflect the pattern of expression of a classic proinflammatory cytokine. Moreover, MIF is highly expressed during embryonic development and decreases during adulthood, which point toward a more likely role as growth factor. Accordingly, MIF knockout mice develop age-related spontaneous emphysema, suggesting that MIF presence (e.g., in younger individuals and wild-type animals) is part of a healthy lung. In view of this new line of evidence, we aimed to review data on the role of MIF in the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Florez-Sampedro
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Abel Soto-Gamez
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,European Institute for the Biology of Aging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit J Poelarends
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbro N Melgert
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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9
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Ma XY, Ma Y, Zhou H, Zhang HJ, Sun MJ. Identification of the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network associated with gastric cancer via integrated bioinformatics analysis. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:5769-5784. [PMID: 31788050 PMCID: PMC6865131 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-microRNA (miRNA)-mRNA regulatory network in gastric cancer (GC) using bioinformatics analysis. Two mRNA gene expression profiles, GSE79973 and GSE54129, and two miRNA expression profiles, GSE93415 and GSE78091, were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs) and the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMis) were merged separately. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis were conducted using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was then constructed and the 10 top hub genes in the network were analyzed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes. The lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks were visualized using Cytoscape software. As a result, 158 shared DEMs (40 upregulated and 118 downregulated) were identified from two mRNA datasets. A total of 30 upregulated miRNAs and 1 downregulated miRNA functioned as DEMis. The PPI network consisted of 129 nodes and 572 interactions. The 10 top hub genes were selected by degree using Cytohubba, including Jun proto-oncogene, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)3, transforming growth factor-β1, Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit, interleukin (IL)-8, MAPK1, RELA proto-oncogene nuclear factor-κB subunit, interferon regulatory factor 7, ubiquitin like modifier and vascular endothelial growth factor A. In the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network, a total of 1,215 regulatory associations were constructed using Cytoscape. In conclusion, the present study provides a novel perspective of the molecular mechanisms underlying GC by identifying the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network via bioinformatics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yu Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Huan Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Jing Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Jun Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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10
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Wang S, Zheng M, Pang X, Zhang M, Yu X, Wu J, Gao X, Wu J, Yang X, Tang Y, Tang Y, Liang X. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor promotes the invasion and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma through matrix metalloprotein‐2/9. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:1809-1821. [PMID: 31219646 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sha‐Sha Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Min Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
- Department of Stomatolog, Zhoushan HospitalWenzhou Medical University Zhoushan Zhejiang China
| | - Xin Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Xiang‐Hua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Jing‐Biao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Xiao‐Lei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Jia‐Shun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Xiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Ya‐Jie Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial TechnologyShandong University Qingdao China
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial FermentationHubei University of Technology Wuhan China
| | - Ya‐Ling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Pathology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Xin‐Hua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
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11
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Penticuff JC, Woolbright BL, Sielecki TM, Weir SJ, Taylor JA. MIF family proteins in genitourinary cancer: tumorigenic roles and therapeutic potential. Nat Rev Urol 2019; 16:318-328. [DOI: 10.1038/s41585-019-0171-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Wu X, Shen J, Xiao Z, Li J, Zhao Y, Zhao Q, Cho CH, Li M. An overview of the multifaceted roles of miRNAs in gastric cancer: Spotlight on novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 163:425-439. [PMID: 30857828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that have displayed strong association with gastric cancer (GC). Through the repression of target mRNAs, miRNAs regulate many biological pathways that are involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, metastasis as well as drug resistance. The detection of miRNAs in tissues and in body fluids emerges as a promising method in the diagnosis and prognosis of GC, due to their unique expression pattern in correlation with GC. Notably, miRNAs are also identified as potential therapeutic targets for GC therapy. The present review is thus to highlight the multifaceted roles of miRNAs in GC and in GC therapies, which would give indications for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Hospital (T.C.M.) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Qijie Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Chi Hin Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China.
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13
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Yoon K, Kim N, Park Y, Kim BK, Park JH, Shin CM, Lee DH, Surh YJ. Correlation between macrophage migration inhibitory factor and autophagy in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211736. [PMID: 30742638 PMCID: PMC6370197 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and autophagy in gastric cancer is not clear. We determined H. pylori infection status of the subjects and investigated the expression of MIF and autophagy markers (Atg5, LC3A and LC3B) in human gastric tissue at baseline. Then H. pylori eradication was done for H. pylori positive patients and MIF and Atg5 levels were investigated on each follow-up for both H. pylori-eradicated and H. pylori negative patients. Baseline tissue mRNA expression of MIF, Atg5, LC3A and LC3B was measured by real-time PCR in 453 patients (control 165, gastric dysplasia 82, and gastric cancer 206). Three hundred three patients (66.9%) had H. pylori infection at the time of enrollment. Only within H. pylori-positive group, MIF level was significantly elevated in patients with cancer than in control or dysplasia groups (P<0.05). LC3A and LC3B levels also showed significant differences within H. pylori-positive subgroups. H. pylori-positive dysplasia subgroup showed significantly lower (LC3A) (P<0.05) and higher (LC3B) mRNA levels (P<0.05) than in other subgroups. On follow-up, within H. pylori-eradicated group, Atg5 expression increased sequentially from control to dysplasia and cancer subgroups. Multiple linear regression showed autophagy markers (LC3A, LC3B, and Atg5) directly predicted MIF level (adjusted R2 = 0.492, P<0.001). Serial follow-up showed longitudinal increase in Atg5 level in general, with constantly higher levels in H. pylori-eradicated group than in -negative group. Intestinal metaplasia (IM) group initially showed higher Atg5 expression than the IM-negative group. However, it was reversed between the groups eventually because of the lower rate of increase in IM group. These results suggest a role of MIF and autophagy markers and their interaction in H. pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kichul Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Youngmi Park
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Bo Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Cheol Min Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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14
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Wang SS, Cen X, Liang XH, Tang YL. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor: a potential driver and biomarker for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:10650-10661. [PMID: 27788497 PMCID: PMC5354689 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a pleiotropic proinflammatory cytokine, has been showed to be associated with the immunopathogenesis of many diseases. Recent study demonstrated that MIF promoted tumorigenesis and tumor progression and played a critical role in various kinds of human cancer including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC). Hence, in this paper we retrospected the relationship between MIF and angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), inflammation, immune response, hypoxia microenvironment, and discussed whether it is a promising biomarker for diagnosis and supervisor of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha-Sha Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Hua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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15
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Wang S, Li X, Yan L, Nie Q, Dai J, Chen H, Wang J, Sun Y. Tamoxifen inhibits fibroblast proliferation and prevents epidural fibrosis by regulating the AKT pathway in rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 497:937-942. [PMID: 29309792 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many factors contribute to epidural fibrosis after lumbar laminectomy, particularly the excessive proliferation of fibroblasts. Many studies have shown that tamoxifen (TAM) inhibits fibroblast proliferation and reduces fibrosis, but the detailed effect and mechanism of TAM on preventing epidural fibrosis are unknown. To investigate the effect of TAM on fibroblast proliferation and epidural fibrosis, fibroblasts were cultured and treated with different concentrations of TAM. Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8) detection, cell cycle analysis and western blot analysis were used to detect the roles of TAM in regulating fibroblast proliferation. Lumbar laminectomies were performed in rats, and various concentrations of TAM were administered by gavage. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were used to evaluate the effects of TAM on preventing epidural fibrosis. CCK-8 detection showed that TAM could inhibit fibroblast viability; western blot analysis showed that TAM could decrease the expression of proliferative proteins p-AKT and cyclinD1 and increase the expression of antiproliferative proteins P21 and P27. Histological analysis showed that TAM could reduce epidural fibrosis. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the p-ATK expression in epidural scar tissue was decreased after TAM treatment. The present study demonstrated that TAM could inhibit fibroblast proliferation and prevent epidural fibrosis, potentially through the regulation of the AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Institute, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Institute, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Lianqi Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Institute, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Qian Nie
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Institute, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Jihang Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Institute, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Institute, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Jingcheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Institute, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Institute, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
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16
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Gan L, Qiu Z, Huang J, Li Y, Huang H, Xiang T, Wan J, Hui T, Lin Y, Li H, Ren G. Cyclooxygenase-2 in tumor-associated macrophages promotes metastatic potential of breast cancer cells through Akt pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2016; 12:1533-1543. [PMID: 27994517 PMCID: PMC5166494 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.15943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote cancer development and progression by releasing various cytokines and chemokines. Previously, we have found that the number of COX-2+ TAMs was associated with lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. However, the mechanism remains enigmatic. In this study, we show that COX-2 in breast TAMs enhances the metastatic potential of breast cancer cells. COX-2 in TAMs induces MMP-9 expression and promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in breast cancer cells. In addition, COX-2/PGE2 induces IL-6 release in macrophages. Furthermore, we find that the activation of Akt pathway in cancer cells is crucial for the pro-metastatic effect of COX-2+ TAMs by regulating MMP-9 and EMT. These findings indicate that TAMs facilitate breast cancer cell metastasis through COX-2-mediated intercellular communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhu Qiu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunhai Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongyan Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingxiu Xiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingyuan Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tianli Hui
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Lin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongzhong Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guosheng Ren
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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17
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Kindt N, Journe F, Laurent G, Saussez S. Involvement of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in cancer and novel therapeutic targets. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:2247-2253. [PMID: 27698786 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was originally identified in 1966 by Bloom and Bennett as a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the inhibition of macrophage motility. Since then, studies have investigated the functional contribution of this pro-inflammatory cytokine in several immune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and lupus erythematous. Recently, MIF has been reported to be involved in a variety of neoplastic diseases. The present review discusses previous cancer research studies that have investigated the involvement of MIF in carcinogenesis, disease prognosis, tumor cell proliferation and invasion, and tumor-induced angiogenesis. Finally, potential therapeutic approaches based on the use of MIF antagonists and neutralizing antibodies are examined. The review concludes that MIF could be a good prognostic biomarker in several types of cancer, but also that the inhibition of MIF could represent a novel therapy against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Kindt
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - Fabrice Journe
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium; Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet, Free University of Brussels, Brussels 1000, Belgium
| | - Guy Laurent
- Laboratory of Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - Sven Saussez
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Free University of Brussels, Brussels 1000, Belgium
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18
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Guo D, Guo J, Yao J, Jiang K, Hu J, Wang B, Liu H, Lin L, Sun W, Jiang X. D-dopachrome tautomerase is over-expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and acts cooperatively with macrophage migration inhibitory factor to promote cancer growth. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:2056-67. [PMID: 27434219 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have established the important role of MIF in the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) for both therapeutic and diagnostic perspectives, but little is known about the expression and function of D-dopachrome tautomerase (DDT), a functional homolog of MIF, in PDAC. In the present study, we demonstrated that DDT was over-expressed in PDAC tissues in a pattern correlated with MIF. In the pancreatic cancer cell lines, PANC-1, BXPC-3 and ASPC-1, both DDT and MIF were expressed and co-localized with each other in the endosomal compartments and plasma membrane. Knockdown of DDT and MIF in PANC-1 cells cooperatively inhibited ERK1/2 and AKT phosphorylation, increased p53 expression, and reduced cell proliferation, invasion and tumor formation. These effects were rescued by the re-expression of MIF or DDT, but not by the forced expression of the tautomerase-deficient mutants of DDT and MIF, P1G-DDT and P1G-MIF. Finally, we observed that 4-iodo-6-phenylpyrimidine (4-IPP), a covalent tautomerase inhibitor of both DDT and MIF, attenuated PANC-1 cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Thus, targeting the tautomerase sites of both MIF and DDT may offer more efficient therapeutic benefits to PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Guo
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinshuai Guo
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junchao Yao
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kun Jiang
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianhua Hu
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenyu Sun
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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19
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Wen F, Zheng J, Yu J, Gao M, Gao S, Zhou Y, Liu J, Yang Z. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in the regulation of myoblast proliferation and differentiation. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 80:1313-20. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1153951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Obesity is documented to be a state of chronic mild inflammation associated with increased macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue and liver and skeletal muscle. As a pleiotropic inflammatory mediator, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is associated with metabolic disease, so MIF may signal molecular links between adipocytes and myocytes. MIF expression was modified during myoblast differentiation, but the role of MIF during this process is unclear. C2C12 cells were transfected with MIF to investigate their role during differentiation. MIF expression attenuated C2C12 differentiation. It did not change proliferation, but downregulated cyclin D1 and CDK4, causing cell accumulation in the G1 phase. p21 protein was increased significantly and MyoD, MyoG, and p21 mRNA also increased significantly in the C2C12 cells treated with ISO-1, suggesting that inhibition of MIF promotes differentiation. MIF inhibits the myoblast differentiation by affecting the cell cycle progression, but does not affect proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyun Wen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, PR China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Mingju Gao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Sumin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yingying Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, PR China
| | - Jianyu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, PR China
| | - Zaiqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
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20
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Duan L, Ye L, Wu R, Wang H, Li X, Li H, Yuan S, Zha H, Sun H, Zhang Y, Chen X, Zhang Y, Zhou L. Inactivation of the Phosphatidylinositol 3‐Kinase/Akt Pathway is Involved in BMP9‐mediated Tumor‐suppressive Effects in Gastric Cancer Cells. J Cell Biochem 2015; 116:1080-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China
| | - Liwei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016,China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China
| | - Xueru Li
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China
| | - Huan Li
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China
| | - Shimei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China
| | - He Zha
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China
| | - Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China
| | - Yunyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China
| | - Xian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China
| | - Lan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of EducationCollege of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China
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21
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Zhong G, Li H, Shan T, Zhang N. CSN5 silencing inhibits invasion and arrests cell cycle progression in human colorectal cancer SW480 and LS174T cells in vitro. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:2809-2815. [PMID: 26045788 PMCID: PMC4440097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CSN5 has been implicated as a candidate oncogene in human cancers by genetic linkage with activation of the poor-prognosis, wound response gene expression signature. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of silencing CSN5 on invasion and cell cycle progression of human colorectal cancer cells, and to determine the potential molecular mechanisms that are involved. The CSN5 specific small interfering RNA (shRNA) plasmid vector was constructed and then transfected into colorectal cancer cells. The expression of CSN5 mRNA and protein was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, respectively. Cell adhesion and invasion were analyzed using MTS and Transwell assays, respectively, and cell cycle progression was analyzed using flow cytometry. Adhesion, invasion, and cell cycle distribution were assessed following knockdown of CSN5 by RNA interference (RNAi). Furthermore, knockdown of CSN5 significantly inhibited cell adhesion and reduced the number of invasive cells, while increasing the percentage of cells in the G0/G1 phase (P<0.05). Western blot and real-time PCR analysis were used to identify differentially expressed invasion and cell cycle associated proteins in cells with silenced CSN5. The expression levels of CSN5 in colorectal cancer cells transfected with siRNA were decreased, leading to a significant inhibition of colorectal cancer cell adhesion and invasion. Western blot analysis revealed that silencing of CSN5 may inhibit CD44, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and MMP 9 protein expression, significantly promoted cell cycle-related genes P53 and P27 expression. In addition, CSN5 silencing may induce activation PI3K/AKT signal regulated cell invasion. Moreover, CSN5 silencing inhibited the secretion of TGF-β, IL-1β and IL-6 and the transcriptional activity of transcription factor NF-κB and Twist in human colorectal cancer cells. Taken together, down regulation of CSN5 may inhibit invasion and arrests cell cycle progression in colorectal cancer via PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signal pathway, which indicates that there is a potential of targeting CSN5 as a novel gene therapy approach for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tianjin Nankai HospitalTianjin 300100, China
| | - Huikai Li
- Department of Abdominal Tumor Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute HospitalTianjin 300060, China
| | - Tao Shan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tianjin Nankai HospitalTianjin 300100, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tianjin Nankai HospitalTianjin 300100, China
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Wei P, Zhiyu C, Xu T, Xiangwei Z. Antitumor effect and apoptosis induction of Alocasia cucullata (Lour.) G. Don in human gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Altern Ther Health Med 2015; 15:33. [PMID: 25888009 PMCID: PMC4357226 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0554-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Alocasia cucullata (Lour.) G. Don was applied in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of cancer in Chinese Southwest area. Its antitumor effect was scrutinized in vitro and in vivo. And for the first time, the mechanism of extract of A. cucullata (EAC) against human gastric cancer cell was well examined. Methods To detect the most effective fraction, the antiproliferation efficacy of four fractions (namely derivatives by adding EAC to n-BuOH, petroleum ether, EtOAc and water until dissolve fully) against five cancer cell lines were screened by MTT assay. Among four fractions, the IC50s of n-BuOH fraction of EAC (EAC-B) against the five cell lines and time-dependent inhibition to gastric cancer cell line (MGC-803) were further investigated (MTT assay). In vivo antitumor efficacy of EAC-B was examined by MGC-803 bearing tumor nude mice. Especially, the paper focused on the relevant mechanism study of EAC-B against MGC-803 included cell cycle distribution (flow cytometry) and cyclin D1 expression (RT-PCR and western blot), apoptosis (Hoechst 33342 stain and flow cytometry), apoptosis-related protein expression (Akt, p-Akt, ERK, p-ERK, Bcl-2, Bax) by western blot, and caspase3/7 activity assay. Results EAC-B showed its cytotoxicity against various tumor cell lines, particularly against gastric cancer cells with IC50 value of 18.8 μg/mL in vitro. Tumor weight was significantly reduced by EAC-B in vivo. In the mechanism study, EAC-B increased cell ratio at G0/G1 phase and reduced cyclin D1 expression both at protein and mRNA level on MGC-803. Chromatin condensation and apoptosis were also observed. EAC-B down-regulated p-Akt, p-ERK expression and up-regulated Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Further, caspase 3/7 activation was enhanced as well. Conclusions This study demonstrated that EAC-B had potent antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo. Its mechanism is primarily via antiproliferation of G0/G1 arrest and cell pro-apoptosis, including PI-3 K/Akt pathway, ERK activity, stimulated cytochrome C release and caspase 3/7 activity accompanied with an increase of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. EAC-B may be a potential source of novel compounds for gastric cancer treatment.
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DE Souza MB, Curioni OA, Kanda JL, DE Carvalho MB. Serum and salivary macrophage migration inhibitory factor in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2014; 8:2267-2275. [PMID: 25289107 PMCID: PMC4186499 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The overexpression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been identified in a variety of tumors and the investigation of its molecular mechanisms in tumor progression is a key topic of research. The present study aimed to investigate MIF as a potential marker for disease control or recurrence, and to assess the association between serum and salivary MIF and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Serum and salivary samples were collected prior to and following the surgical treatment of 50 patients with OSCC. MIF concentrations were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the adopted level of statistical significance was P<0.05. The results revealed that serum MIF concentrations were significantly reduced following tumor resection in OSCC patients. Furthermore, higher preoperative salivary MIF concentrations were observed in patients with larger tumors and in those who succumbed to the disease. In conclusion, high salivary and serological MIF concentrations were identified in patients with OSCC. Nevertheless, only serological MIF concentrations may be considered as a potential marker for the early detection of OSCC recurrence once the salivary levels, prior and following treatment, do not show any significant differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Barbosa DE Souza
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, Brazil ; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Heliópolis Hospital, São Paulo 04231030, Brazil
| | - Otávio Alberto Curioni
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Heliópolis Hospital, São Paulo 04231030, Brazil ; Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, Heliópolis Hospital, São Paulo 04231030, Brazil
| | - Jossi Ledo Kanda
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Padre Anchieta Teaching Hospital, ABC Medical School, São Bernardo do Campo 09715090, Brazil
| | - Marcos Brasilino DE Carvalho
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Heliópolis Hospital, São Paulo 04231030, Brazil ; Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, Heliópolis Hospital, São Paulo 04231030, Brazil
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Oliveira CS, de Bock CE, Molloy TJ, Sadeqzadeh E, Geng XY, Hersey P, Zhang XD, Thorne RF. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor engages PI3K/Akt signalling and is a prognostic factor in metastatic melanoma. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:630. [PMID: 25168062 PMCID: PMC4155090 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a widely expressed cytokine involved in a variety of cellular processes including cell cycle regulation and the control of proliferation. Overexpression of MIF has been reported in a number of cancer types and it has previously been shown that MIF is upregulated in melanocytic tumours with the highest expression levels occurring in malignant melanoma. However, the clinical significance of high MIF expression in melanoma has not been reported. Methods MIF expression was depleted in human melanoma cell lines using siRNA-mediated gene knockdown and effects monitored using in vitro assays of proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, clonogenicity and Akt signalling. In silico analyses of expression microarray data were used to correlate MIF expression levels in melanoma tumours with overall patient survival using a univariate Cox regression model. Results Knockdown of MIF significantly decreased proliferation, increased apoptosis and decreased anchorage-independent growth. Effects were associated with reduced numbers of cells entering S phase concomitant with decreased cyclin D1 and CDK4 expression, increased p27 expression and decreased Akt phosphorylation. Analysis of clinical outcome data showed that MIF expression levels in primary melanoma were not associated with outcome (HR = 1.091, p = 0.892) whereas higher levels of MIF in metastatic lesions were significantly associated with faster disease progression (HR = 2.946, p = 0.003 and HR = 4.600, p = 0.004, respectively in two independent studies). Conclusions Our in vitro analyses show that MIF functions upstream of the PI3K/Akt pathway in human melanoma cell lines. Moreover, depletion of MIF inhibited melanoma proliferation, viability and clonogenic capacity. Clinically, high MIF levels in metastatic melanoma were found to be associated with faster disease recurrence. These findings support the clinical significance of MIF signalling in melanoma and provide a strong rationale for both targeting and monitoring MIF expression in clinical melanoma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-630) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rick F Thorne
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia.
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25
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MicroRNA and signaling pathways in gastric cancer. Cancer Gene Ther 2014; 21:305-16. [PMID: 25060632 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2014.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors by inhibiting the expression of target genes, some of which are either directly or indirectly involved with canonical signaling pathways. The relationship between miRNAs and signaling pathways in gastric cancer is extremely complicated. In this paper, we determined the pathogenic mechanism of gastric cancer related to miRNA expression based on recent high-quality studies and then clarified the regulation network of miRNA expression and the correlated functions of these miRNAs during the progression of gastric cancer. We try to illustrate the correlation between the expression of miRNAs and outcomes of patients with gastric cancer. Understanding this will allow us to take a big step forward in the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Matsuoka T, Yashiro M. The Role of PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling in Gastric Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2014; 6:1441-63. [PMID: 25003395 PMCID: PMC4190549 DOI: 10.3390/cancers6031441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is one of the key signaling pathways induced by various receptor-tyrosine kinases. Accumulating evidence shows that this pathway is an important promoter of cell growth, metabolism, survival, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy. Genetic alterations in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in gastric carcinoma have often been demonstrated. Many kinds of molecular targeting therapies are currently undergoing clinical testing in patients with solid tumors. However, with the exception of the ErbB2-targeting antibody, targeting agents, including PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors, have not been approved for treatment of patients with gastric carcinoma. This review summarizes the current knowledge on PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling in the pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma and the possible therapeutic targets for gastric carcinoma. Improved knowledge of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in gastric carcinoma will be useful in understanding the mechanisms of tumor development and for identifying ideal targets of anticancer therapy for gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasuku Matsuoka
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
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Morris KT, Nofchissey RA, Pinchuk IV, Beswick EJ. Chronic macrophage migration inhibitory factor exposure induces mesenchymal epithelial transition and promotes gastric and colon cancers. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98656. [PMID: 24887129 PMCID: PMC4041794 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) is an inflammatory cytokine that is highly produced in gastrointestinal cancers. Since chronic inflammation is a risk factor for tumorigenesis in these cancers, in this study, the role of MIF in pro-tumorigenic events was examined. MIF and its receptor, CD74, were examined in gastric and colon tumors and found to be increased in most tumors with significantly higher expression in tumors from patients with lymph node metastasis. MIF was also found to be highly produced by cancer associated fibroblasts isolated from human tumors compared to fibroblasts from matched normal tissues from uninvolved areas. Fibroblast-produced MIF highly increased GI cancer cell proliferation, which was decreased upon neutralizing MIF or CD74. Chronic MIF treatment led to sustained proliferation and signaling events in non-transformed GI fibroblast cells, which was maintained upon removing MIF treatment for 8 weeks. Additionally, chronic treatment of normal GI cells expressing fibroblast markers for up to 16 weeks with MIF led to a drastic decrease of fibroblast markers with concurrent increase of epithelial markers. Transformation was examined by telomerase and focus forming assays. These results suggest the MIF promotes mesenchymal epithelial transition, cell transformation and tumorigenesis in GI cancers, and thus may be an important link between chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine T. Morris
- Department of Surgery, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Robert A. Nofchissey
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Irina V. Pinchuk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ellen J. Beswick
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Pei XJ, Wu TT, Li B, Tian XY, Li Z, Yang QX. Increased expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor and DJ-1 contribute to cell invasion and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Med Sci 2014; 11:106-15. [PMID: 24396292 PMCID: PMC3880997 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.7264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Both macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and DJ-1 protein have been shown to relate with cell invasion and metastasis in tumors. However, the role of DJ-1 in invasion and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its relation to MIF expression in NPC are not fully understood. The aim of present study is to determine whether or not MIF and DJ-1 are correlated with tumor invasion and influence a worse outcome in NPC, as well as its related mechanism. METHODS 125 cases of NPC and 45 normal tissues of nasopharynx were collected. The expression of MIF and DJ-1 in tissue microarray was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. Correlation between immunostainings and clinicopathological parameters, as well as the follow-up data of patients, was analyzed statistically. The association of MIF and DJ-1 with cell invasion and migration in NPC cell line were evaluated by small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection, invasion assay and Western blotting. RESULTS MIF and DJ-1 staining was diffused and strong in tumor cells, whereas they were generally weaker and less common in normal lining epithelia of nasopharynx. High MIF expression in tumor cells (71.2%, 89/125 cases) were significantly associated with advanced clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, and worse prognosis of NPC patients. High expression of DJ-1 (75.2%, 94/125 cases) were closely correlated to lymph node metastasis and MIF high-expression. Only MIF high expression (P = 0.010) and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.004) emerged as strong independent prognostic factors for overall survival of NPC patients. In vitro, down-regulated expression of DJ-1 in NPC cell lines by siRNA was observed to reduce cell migration and invasion potential, however, exogenous MIF promoted cells invasion. CONCLUSIONS The data provided evidence that increased expression of MIF and DJ-1 induced cell invasion and metastasis of NPC, supporting the idea that MIF and DJ-1 may play important roles as regulators in the progression of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Juan Pei
- 1. Department of Pathology, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, 41 Eling Road North, Huizhou 516001, China
| | - Tong-Tong Wu
- 1. Department of Pathology, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, 41 Eling Road North, Huizhou 516001, China
| | - Bin Li
- 2. Department of pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Tian
- 3. School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhi Li
- 2. Department of pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qing-Xu Yang
- 1. Department of Pathology, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, 41 Eling Road North, Huizhou 516001, China
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Butrym A, Majewski M, Dzietczenia J, Kuliczkowski K, Mazur G. High CD74 expression correlates with ZAP70 expression in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. Med Oncol 2013; 30:560. [PMID: 23572149 PMCID: PMC3667374 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-013-0560-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia in adults in Western countries. It is characterized by heterogeneous clinical course of the disease and new prognostic factors are still needed. CD74 plays an important role in signal transduction in B cell proliferation and survival pathway. CD74 expression has been shown in solid tumors and has been connected with poor prognosis and tumor progression. The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of CD74 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients with combination with other known prognostic factors. Expression of CD74 was determined in 90 patients and 28 healthy controls. CD74 expression was significantly higher in CLL group than in controls. There was positive correlation between CD74 and ZAP70 expression (p = 0.008). High expression of CD74 was positively correlated with more advanced stage of the disease (p = 0.02). No correlation was shown between CD74 and sex, mutational status IgVH and time to first treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Butrym
- Department of Hematology, Blood Neoplasms and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteur 4 Str, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Guo Y, Hou J, Luo Y, Wang D. Functional disruption of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) suppresses proliferation of human H460 lung cancer cells by caspase-dependent apoptosis. Cancer Cell Int 2013; 13:28. [PMID: 23522304 PMCID: PMC3695853 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-13-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is important in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis in both normal and cancerous cells, and may be important in cancer progression and metastasis. In human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the underlying mechanisms responsible for MIF-dependent regulation of cellular proliferation, and cell death remain poorly appreciated. Methods The human H460 lung cancer cell-line was treated with an optimally determined dose of 50 pmol/ml MIF siRNA, following which cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed. Additionally, known pathways of apoptosis including expression of Annexin-V, enhanced production of caspases-3 and −4 and expression of the Akt signaling protein were assessed in an attempt to provide insights into the signaling pathways involved in apoptosis following disruption of MIF expression. Results Specific siRNA sequences markedly decreased MIF expression in H460 cells by 2 to 5-fold as compared with the negative control. Moreover, MIF miRNA dampened not only cellular proliferation, but increased the frequency of apoptotic cells as assessed by cell-surface Annexin-V expression. Entry of cells into apoptosis was partly dependent on enhanced production of caspases −3 and −4 while not affecting the expression of either caspase-8 or the Akt signaling pathway. Conclusions In a model of NSCLC, knockdown of MIF mRNA expression dampened H460 proliferation by mechanisms partly dependent on entry of cells into apoptosis and enhanced production of caspase-3 and −4. MIF expression may thus be important in NSCLC progression. Targeting MIF may have clinical utility in the management of human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubiao Guo
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Huang Q, Zhao SL, Tian XY, Li B, Li Z. Increased co-expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor and matrix metalloproteinase 9 is associated with tumor recurrence of meningioma. Int J Med Sci 2013; 10:276-85. [PMID: 23372434 PMCID: PMC3558716 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.5185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE We detected the expression of MIF and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) in meningiomas to determine whether they are valuable recurrence predictor for meningioma. METHODS 67 cases of meningiomas, including 57 benign tumors (WHO grade I) and 10 non-benign tumors (WHO grade II and III), were collected, and expression of MIF and MMP9 in tissue microarray was evaluated immunohistochemically. The correlations between immunostainings and clinicopathological parameters, as well as the follow-up data of patients, were analyzed statistically. RESULTS Increased expressions of both MIF (58.2%, 39/67) and MMP9 (55.2%, 37/67) were significantly associated with microvessel density (MVD) of tumor, but only dual high-expression of MIF and MMP9 was in relation to tumor invasion (P=0.016) and tumor recurrence (P=0.001). Based on univariate analysis, histological grade, tumor invasion and co-expression of MIF and MMP9 were significant predictors for recurrence. However, only histological grade and co-expression of MIF and MMP9 in tumor were independent recurrence factors with a hazard ratio of 49.033 (P=0.002) and 37.766 (P=0.002) in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS Together with histological grade, increased co-expression of MIF and MMP9 in tumor might be a valuable predictor for recurrence, especially for benign meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University. 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Shimwell NJ, Ward DG, Mohri Y, Mohri T, Pallan L, Teng M, Miki YC, Kusunoki M, Tucker O, Wei W, Morse J, Johnson PJ. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor and DJ-1 in gastric cancer: differences between high-incidence and low-incidence areas. Br J Cancer 2012; 107:1595-601. [PMID: 22968650 PMCID: PMC3493758 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need for sensitive and specific blood-borne markers for the detection of gastric cancer. Raised serum macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF) levels have been proposed as a marker for gastric cancer diagnosis but, to date, studies have only encompassed patients from high-incidence areas. METHODS We have compared the serum concentration of MIF in a large cohort of UK and Japanese gastric cancer patients, together with appropriate control subjects (age and gender matched). Carcinoembryonic antigen and H. pylori IgG were also measured, as was DJ-1, a novel candidate protein biomarker identified by analysis of gastric cancer cell line secretomes. RESULTS Marked elevations of the serum concentration of MIF and DJ-1 were seen in Japanese patients with gastric cancer compared with Japanese controls, a trend not seen in the UK cohort. These results could not be accounted for by differences in age, disease stage or H. pylori status. CONCLUSION In regions of high, but not low incidence of gastric cancer, both MIF and DJ-1 have elevated serum concentrations in gastric cancer patients, compared with controls. This suggests that differing mechanisms of disease pathogenesis may be at play in high- and low-incidence regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Shimwell
- Cancer Research UK School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Girard E, Strathdee C, Trueblood E, Quéva C. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor produced by the tumour stroma but not by tumour cells regulates angiogenesis in the B16-F10 melanoma model. Br J Cancer 2012; 107:1498-505. [PMID: 22955855 PMCID: PMC3493755 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been proposed as a link between inflammation and tumorigenesis. Despite its potentially broad influence in tumour biology and prevalent expression, the value of MIF as a therapeutic target in cancer remains unclear. We sought to validate MIF in tumour models by achieving a complete inhibition of its expression in tumour cells and in the tumour stroma. Methods: We used MIF shRNA-transduced B16-F10 melanoma cells implanted in wild-type and MIF−/− C57Bl6 mice to investigate the effect of loss of MIF on tumour growth. Cytokine detection and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to evaluate tumours ex vivo. Results: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor shRNA inhibited expression of MIF protein by B16-F10 melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the loss of MIF in this cell line resulted in a decreased response to hypoxia as indicated by reduced expression of VEGF. In vivo the growth of B16-F10 tumours was inhibited by an average of 47% in the MIF−/− mice compared with wild-type but was unaffected by loss of MIF expression by the tumour cells. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that microvessel density was decreased in tumours implanted in the MIF−/− mice. Profiling of serum cytokines showed a decrease in pro-angiogenic cytokines in MIF−/− mice. Conclusion: We report that the absence of MIF in the host resulted in slower tumour growth, which was associated with reduced vascularity. While the major contribution of MIF appeared to be in the regulation of angiogenesis, tumour cell-derived MIF played a negligible role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Girard
- Hematology Oncology Research Area, Amgen Inc., Seattle, WA, USA
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Gastric cancer susceptibility in gastric cancer relatives: attributable risks of Macrophage migration inhibitory factor promoter polymorphism and Helicobacter pylori. Cytokine 2012; 60:346-51. [PMID: 22892326 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to assess attributable effects of Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) promoter region polymorphisms and Helicobacter pylori infection to the susceptibility to gastric cancer. 296 individuals from non-cardia gastric cancer case families and 319 individuals from control families were obtained from Henan Province, China. The results showed the frequencies of MIF (-173 C/C and -794 non-CATT(5)carrier) genotypes were significantly higher in the family members of gastric cancer cases than that in the controls family (-173: OR=2.59; -794: OR=2.65), and the ORs reduced with decreasing relative degrees. Multivariate analysis showed that MIF-173 C and -794 non-CATT(5) alleles synergized with H. pylori for the risk of gastric cancer (OR=14.64). The attributable risk percent (ARP) and the population attributable risk percent (PARP) attributed to interaction of MIF-173 C/C and MIF-794 non-CATT(5)carrier were 72.3% and 4.7%, respectively. The MIF risk genotypes and H. pylori conferred a joint ARP of 93.2% to gastric cancer. In summary, Possession of -173 G→C substitution and -794 non-CATT(5)carrier in the MIF promoter region are associated with increased susceptibility to non-cardia gastric cancer. H. pylori infection increases the risks of MIF polymorphisms for susceptibility with gastric cancer.
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Zheng YX, Yang M, Rong TT, Yuan XL, Ma YH, Wang ZH, Shen LS, Cui L. CD74 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor as therapeutic targets in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18:2253-61. [PMID: 22611320 PMCID: PMC3351777 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i18.2253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the relationship and molecular features of CD74/macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in gastric cancer. METHODS CD74, MIF and TLR4 expression in the paraffin-embedded sections of gastric cancer from 120 patients were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Knock down of CD74 expression in gastric cancer cell line MKN-45 was performed by lentivirus transduction and detected by Western blotting. MKN-45 cell proliferation assay under the stimulants was measured by the cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) assay and MIF concentration in the culture medium was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Surface staining of CD74 in the MKN-45 cell line under the stimulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was measured by flow cytometry. MIF, CD74 and TLR4 co-localization in the MKN-45 cell line was performed by the immunoprecipitation. RESULTS CD74, MIF and TLR4 were found to be expressed in gastric cancer and increased significantly in the advanced stage, and were also associated with lymph node metastasis. Correlation analysis revealed that CD74 was positively correlated with MIF (r = 0.2367, P < 0.01) and both proteins were also associated with TLR4 (r = 0.4414, r = 0.5001, respectively, P < 0.01). LPS can significantly promote MKN-45 cell proliferation (3.027 ± 0.388 vs 4.201 ± 0.092, P < 0.05), induce MIF production (54.333 ± 2.906 pg/mL vs 29.667 ± 3.180 pg/mL, P < 0.01) and cell surface expression of CD74 (75.6% ± 4.046% vs 9.4% ± 0.964%, P < 0.01) at LPS concentration of 1 μg/mL compared to medium control. Knockdown of CD74 or using anti-CD74 and MIF antagonist ISO-1 significantly reduced LPS-induced MKN-45 cell proliferation (4.201 ± 0.092 vs 3.337 ± 0.087, 4.534 ± 0.222 vs 3.368 ± 0.290, 4.058 ± 0.292 vs 2.934 ± 0.197, respectively, P < 0.01). MIF, CD74 and TLR4 could co-localize in the MKN-45 cell line. CONCLUSION Upregulation of MIF, CD74 and TLR4 are associated with increasing clinical stage and provide an opportunity as novel gastric cancer chemoprevention and/or treatment strategy.
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Du W, Wright BM, Li X, Finke J, Rini BI, Zhou M, He H, Lal P, Welford SM. Tumor-derived macrophage migration inhibitory factor promotes an autocrine loop that enhances renal cell carcinoma. Oncogene 2012; 32:1469-74. [PMID: 22543583 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a hypoxia regulated gene that has a variety of tumorigenic functions. In clear cell renal carcinoma (CCRC), hypoxic signaling is constitutively active because of the frequent loss of function of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein. We therefore sought to assess the expression of MIF in CCRC and its biological functions. We stained tumor tissue microarrays comprising sections of 128 CCRC tumors and found MIF to be moderately or highly expressed in >98%. MIF expression was further found to be dramatically elevated in blood plasma of individuals with CCRC compared with healthy controls, suggesting that measurement of MIF levels in the blood may have utility as a diagnostic marker in CCRC. At a functional level, MIF has been reported to engage the CD74 and CD44 receptors and induce signal transduction. In CCRC cell lines, depletion of MIF, CD74 or CD44 by small hairpin RNA led to a significant reduction in growth rate, and clonogenic survival, coinciding with the degree of knockdown. Interruption of the MIF pathway also decreased tumorigenic potential. Biochemically, we found that in CCRC cells MIF signaling leads to activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and to Src phosphorylation, which is critical for regulation of p27. Together, our studies establish MIF as a protumorigenic signaling molecule that functions in an autocrine fashion to promote renal cell carcinoma and may be useful as a minimally invasive marker of disease status.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Du
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Fan R, Grignon D, Gulcicek EE, Faught P, Cheng L. Proteomic studies of Anaplasia in Wilms Tumor. PROTEOMICS INSIGHTS 2011. [DOI: 10.4137/pri.s7466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Wilms tumor is the most common malignant tumor in the pediatric kidney. Anaplasia, focal or diffuse as defined by histological criteria, is the most important parameter to guide the clinical treatment plan. We sought to identify and characterize potential useful biomarkers associated with anaplasia and provide insight into the peculiar molecular biology of Wilms tumor with unfavorable histology. Utilizing isobaric tagging technology for relative and absolute quantitation, coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, we identified proteins that are differently regulated in different Wilms tumor histologies. Four Wilms tumor specimens were selected, including two with classic favorable histology, one with focal anaplasia, and one with diffuse anaplasia. A total of 256 proteins with a Protein Score >1.0 are identified from all samples (proteins with >90% confidence). Compared with classic favorable morphology: in the focal anaplasia group, we identified a total of 26 proteins of which six were underexpressed and 20 were overexpressed; in the diffuse anaplasia group, we identified a total of 20 proteins of which eight were underexpressed and 12 were overexpressed. With a total of 39 involved proteins, seven were common to both the focal and diffuse anaplasia cases, and clearly seemed to have a similar regulation. The newly identified potential markers for Wilms tumor with unfavorable histology include ENO1, GAPDH, ALDOA, SLC25A6, LDHA, PGAM1, MIF, RBP1, HBA, HP, COL1A1, CFL1, and FSCN1 etc. In Wilms tumors, though there are unfavorable histology differences (focal or diffuse anaplasia), the protein expression seems to be similarly dysregulated compared with the favorable histology group. The newly identified potential markers may provide insights into the molecular biology of Wilms tumor and may have practical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Fan
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - David Grignon
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Erol E. Gulcicek
- W.M. Keck Foundation Biotechnology Resource Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Philip Faught
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Wang XB, Tian XY, Li Y, Li B, Li Z. Elevated expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor correlates with tumor recurrence and poor prognosis of patients with gliomas. J Neurooncol 2011; 106:43-51. [PMID: 21725855 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-011-0640-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) plays a critical role in tumorigenesis. We aim to examine the association of MIF with tumor recurrence and survival of gliomas, and to determine whether MIF is a valuable prognostic predictor for glioma patients. The expression of MIF and interleukin 8 (IL-8) was evaluated in 36 high-grade gliomas (20 glioblastoma multiforme, 13 anaplastic astrocytoma, and 3 anaplastic oligoastrocytoma) and 32 low-grade gliomas (18 fibrillary astrocytoma, 5 pilocytic astrocytoma, 5 oligodendroglioma, 3 ependymoma and 1 pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma) by immunostaining. Intratumoral microvessel density (IMD) of tumors in relation to immunostainings and clinicopathological factors were analyzed statistically as well as the follow-up data of patients. High expression of both MIF (58.8%) and IL-8 (52.9%) was significantly associated with high-grade gliomas and increased microvessels in tumors, but only high expression of MIF was closely related to tumor recurrence (P = 0.001). High expression of IL-8 exhibited a close correlation with high expression of MIF in tumors (P = 0.001). Histological grading, high expression of MIF and IL-8 correlated with patients' overall survival in univariate analysis. However, only histological grading and MIF expression exhibited a relationship with survival of patients as independent prognostic factors of glioma by multivariate analysis; the hazard ratios were 28.012 (P = 0.001) and 11.782 (P = 0.001), respectively. Elevated production of MIF in glioma tumor cells may contribute to tumor recurrence and a worse prognosis. MIF may serve as an independent predictive factor for prognosis of glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bing Wang
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong General Hospital, 106, Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, China
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Liao B, Zhong BL, Li Z, Tian XY, Li Y, Li B. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor contributes angiogenesis by up-regulating IL-8 and correlates with poor prognosis of patients with primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Surg Oncol 2011; 102:844-51. [PMID: 20872800 DOI: 10.1002/jso.21728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We aim at the association of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) with neovascularization and survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and determine whether MIF is a valuable prognostic predictor for NPC patients. METHODS One hundred and forty one cases of NPC and 25 normal tissues of nasopharynx were collected. The expression of MIF and interleukin 8 (IL-8) was evaluated in tissues microarray by immunostaining. Intratumoral microvessel density (IMD) in relation to immunostainings and clinicopathological factors were analyzed statistically as well as the follow-up data of patients. RESULTS High-expression of both MIF (69.5%) and IL-8 (56.0%) were significantly associated with increased microvessels and lymph node metastasis. High-expression of MIF, IL-8 and higher level of IMD were correlated with either patients' overall survival or disease-specific survival in univariate analysis, but only angiogenesis and lymph node status exhibited in relation to survival of patients as independent prognostic factor of NPC by multivariate analysis. In addition, high-expression of MIF and higher level of IMD were closely associated with locoregional failure of NPC patients. CONCLUSIONS MIF may contribute to lymph node metastasis in NPC by inducing angiogenesis through the way of upregulation of IL-8 expression in an autocrine EBV-independent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Thompson CM, Haws LC, Harris MA, Gatto NM, Proctor DM. Application of the U.S. EPA mode of action Framework for purposes of guiding future research: a case study involving the oral carcinogenicity of hexavalent chromium. Toxicol Sci 2010; 119:20-40. [PMID: 20947717 PMCID: PMC3003834 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfq320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mode of action (MOA) analysis provides a systematic description of key events leading to adverse health effects in animal bioassays for the purpose of informing human health risk assessment. Uncertainties and data gaps identified in the MOA analysis may also be used to guide future research to improve understanding of the MOAs underlying a specific toxic response and foster development of toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic models. An MOA analysis, consistent with approaches outlined in the MOA Framework as described in the Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment, was conducted to evaluate small intestinal tumors observed in mice chronically exposed to relatively high concentrations of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in drinking water. Based on review of the literature, key events in the MOA are hypothesized to include saturation of the reductive capacity of the upper gastrointestinal tract, absorption of Cr(VI) into the intestinal epithelium, oxidative stress and inflammation, cell proliferation, direct and/or indirect DNA modification, and mutagenesis. Although available data generally support the plausibility of these key events, several unresolved questions and data gaps were identified, highlighting the need for obtaining critical toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic data in the target tissue and in the low-dose range. Experimental assays that can address these data gaps are discussed along with strategies for comparisons between responsive and nonresponsive tissues and species. This analysis provides a practical application of MOA Framework guidance and is instructive for the design of studies to improve upon the information available for quantitative risk assessment.
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Wu WKK, Lee CW, Cho CH, Fan D, Wu K, Yu J, Sung JJY. MicroRNA dysregulation in gastric cancer: a new player enters the game. Oncogene 2010; 29:5761-71. [PMID: 20802530 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric carcinogenesis is a multistep process involving genetic and epigenetic alteration of protein-coding proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. Recent discoveries have shed new light on the involvement of a class of noncoding RNA known as microRNA (miRNA) in gastric cancer. A substantial number of miRNAs show differential expression in gastric cancer tissues. Genes coding for these miRNAs have been characterized as novel proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes based on findings that these miRNAs control malignant phenotypes of gastric cancer cells. In this connection, miRNA dysregulation promotes cell-cycle progression, confers resistance to apoptosis, and enhances invasiveness and metastasis. Moreover, certain polymorphisms in miRNA genes are associated with increased risks for atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer, whereas circulating levels of miRNAs may serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis. Several miRNAs have also been shown to correlate with gastric cancer progression, and thus may be used as prognostic markers. Elucidating the biological aspects of miRNA dysregulation may help us better understand the pathogenesis of gastric cancer and promote the development of miRNA-directed therapeutics against this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- W K K Wu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
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