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Yu Q, Tang R, Mo W, Zhao L, Li L. Baicalein Enhances Radiosensitivity in Colorectal Cancer via JAK2/STAT3 Pathway Inhibition. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 104:e14611. [PMID: 39152534 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Radiation resistance is a crucial factor influencing therapeutic outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC). Baicalein (BE), primarily derived from Scutellaria baicalensis, has demonstrated anti-CRC properties. However, the impact of BE on the radiosensitivity of CRC remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the radiosensitization effects of BE and elucidate its mechanism in CRC radiotherapy. We established an in vitro radioresistant cell model (CT26-R) using parental CRC cells (CT26) subjected to ionizing radiation (IR). CT26-R cells were pretreated with or without BE, followed by transfection with pcDNA-NC and pcDNA-JAK2. The proliferation of CT26-R cells treated with BE and IR was assessed using a colony formation assay. A CRC animal model was developed in BALB/c mice via CT26-R cell transplantation. The radiosensitizing effect of BE on CRC was evaluated in vivo. TUNEL assay was conducted to detect apoptosis in tumor tissue. The expression levels of p-STAT3, JAK2, PD-L1, and SOCS3 in vitro and in vivo were measured by western blotting. Our results demonstrated that BE significantly increased radiosensitivity in vitro and in vivo and enhanced apoptosis in tumor tissues. Additionally, BE significantly downregulated the expression of p-STAT3, JAK2, and PD-L1, and significantly upregulated SOCS3 expression. These in vivo effects were reversed by pcDNA-JAK2. In summary, our data suggest that BE enhances CRC radiosensitivity by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rongjun Tang
- Hyperthermia Center, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weixing Mo
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linfang Zhao
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingdi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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2
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Xiao Y, Zhu Y, Chen J, Wu M, Wang L, Su L, Feng F, Hou Y. Overexpression of SYNGAP1 suppresses the proliferation of rectal adenocarcinoma via Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:135. [PMID: 38679635 PMCID: PMC11056356 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00997-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Rectal adenocarcinoma (READ) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract. Growing studies have confirmed Ras GTPase-activating proteins are involved in the progression of several tumors. This study aimed to explore the expression and function of Ras GTPase-activating proteins in READ. In this study, we analyzed RNA sequencing data from 165 patients with READ and 789 normal tissue samples, identifying 5603 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 2937 upregulated genes and 2666 downregulated genes. Moreover, we also identified two dysregulated genes, RASA4 and SYNGAP1, among six Ras GTPase-activating proteins. High NF1 expression was associated with longer overall survival, while high SYNGAP1 expression showed a trend towards extended overall survival. Further analysis revealed the mutation frequency and copy number variations of Ras GTPase-activating proteins in various cancer samples. Additionally, DNA methylation analysis demonstrated a negative correlation between DNA methylation of Ras GTPase-activating proteins and their expression. Moreover, among Ras GTPase-activating proteins, we focused on SYNGAP1, and experimental validation confirmed that the overexpression of SYNGAP1 in READ significantly suppressed READ cell proliferation and increased apoptosis via regulating the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway. These findings underscored the potential significance of SYNGAP1 in READ and provide new insights for further research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xiao
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaojiao Chen
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Mei Wu
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Su
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Feng
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yanli Hou
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China.
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3
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Li J, Xu S, Dong H, Wu X, Wang LH, Xu X. Altered Wnt5a expression affects radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:5. [PMID: 34815757 PMCID: PMC8593861 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that upregulation of wingless-type protein 5a (Wnt5a) is associated with poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Wnt5a expression is often upregulated in radiation-resistant NSCLC cells. However, the biological functions or molecular mechanisms of radiosensitivity in NSCLC remain unknown. In the present study, MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis were performed to assess the effect of overexpression or knockdown of Wnt5a and/or radiation on the proliferation and apoptosis of NSCLC cells. Furthermore, western blot analysis was performed to detect canonical Wnt signaling (β-catenin) in H1650 and A549 cells. The results demonstrated that Wnt5a knockdown combined with irradiation inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in NSCLC cells compared with Wnt5a knockdown or radiotherapy alone. In addition, the combination of Wnt5a knockdown and irradiation decreased nuclear and increased cytoplasmic β-catenin expression in H1650 and A549 cells, the effects of which were reversed following overexpression of Wnt5a. The combination of overexpressing Wnt5a and irradiation resulted in significant tumor regression, while β-catenin knockdown reversed Wnt5a overexpression-induced NSCLC cell proliferation. Taken together, these results suggest that Wnt5a may be involved in the activation of β-catenin-dependent canonical Wnt signaling, and thus may influence the effectiveness of radiation therapy in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhe Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570312, P.R. China
| | - Shijie Xu
- Medical Research Center, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570312, P.R. China
| | - Hua Dong
- Hainan Cancer Prevention and Treatment Center, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570312, P.R. China
| | - Xiayu Wu
- Department of Pathology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570312, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hong Wang
- Medical Research Center, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570312, P.R. China
| | - Xianhua Xu
- Medical Research Center, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570312, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570312, P.R. China
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4
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He L, Chang H, Qi Y, Zhang B, Shao Q. ceRNA Networks: The Backbone Role in Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Resistance/Sensitivity of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:15330338211062313. [PMID: 34908512 PMCID: PMC8689620 DOI: 10.1177/15330338211062313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 40% of rectal cancers during initial diagnosis are identified as locally advanced rectal cancers (LARCs), for which the standardized treatment scenario is total mesorectal excision following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). nCRT can lead to discernible reductions in local relapse rate and distant metastasis rate in LARC patients, in whom previously inoperable tumors may potentially be surgically removed. However, only 4% to 20% cases can attain pathological complete response, and the remaining patients who are unresponsive to nCRT have to suffer from the side effects plus toxicities and may encounter poor survival outcomes due to the late surgical intervention. As such, employing potential biomarkers to differentiate responders from nonresponders before nCRT implementation appears to be the overarching goal. Well-defined competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks include long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)-microRNA (miRNA)-mRNA and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks. As ceRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs sponge miRNAs to indirectly suppress miRNAs downstream of oncogenic mRNAs or tumor-suppressive mRNAs. The abnormal expression of mRNAs regulates the nCRT-induced DNA damage repair process through pluralistic carcinogenic signaling pathways, thereby bringing about alterations in the nCRT resistance/sensitivity of tumors. Moreover, many molecular mechanisms relevant to cell proliferation, metastasis, or apoptosis of cancers (eg, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and caspase-9-caspase-3 pathway) are influenced by ceRNA networks. Herein, we reviewed a large group of abnormally expressed mRNAs and noncoding RNAs that are associated with nCRT resistance/sensitivity in LARC patients and ultimately pinpointed the backbone role of ceRNA networks in the molecular mechanisms of nCRT resistance/sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin He
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Hao Chang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yuhong Qi
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Qiuju Shao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
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Ma Q, Niu R, Huang W, Da L, Tang Y, Jiang D, Xi Y, Zhang C. Long Noncoding RNA PTPRG Antisense RNA 1 Reduces Radiosensitivity of Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Cells Via Regulating MiR-200c-3p/TCF4. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820942615. [PMID: 33174523 PMCID: PMC7672737 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820942615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: PTPRG antisense RNA 1 has been well-documented to exert an oncogenic role in diverse neoplasms. However, the precise role of PTPRG antisense RNA 1 in regulating radiosensitivity of nonsmall cell lung cancer cells remains largely elusive. Methods: Expression levels of PTPRG antisense RNA 1 and miR-200c-3p in nonsmall cell lung cancer tissues and cells were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, while transcription factor 4 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. After nonsmall cell lung cancer cells were exposed to X-ray with different doses in vitro, Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and colony formation assay were conducted to determine the influence of PTPRG antisense RNA 1 on cell viability. Interaction between miR-200c-3p and PTPRG antisense RNA 1 as well as transcription factor 4 was investigated by dual luciferase reporter assay. Result: In nonsmall cell lung cancer tissues, the expressions of PTPRG antisense RNA 1 and transcription factor 4 were significantly upregulated, whereas the expression of miR-200c-3p was downregulated. It was also proved that PTPRG antisense RNA 1 and 3′-untranslated region of transcription factor 4 can bind to miR-200c-3p. Under X-ray irradiation, overexpressed PTPRG antisense RNA 1 could promote the viability and enhance the radioresistance of nonsmall cell lung cancer cells, and this effect was partially weakened by miR-200c-3p mimics. Transcription factor 4 was identified as a target gene of miR-200c-3p, which could be positively regulated by PTPRG antisense RNA 1. Conclusion: PTPRG antisense RNA 1 reduces the radiosensitivity of nonsmall cell lung cancer cells via modulating miR-200c-3p/TCF4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital, Xintai, China
| | - Rungui Niu
- Department of Geratology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Liangshan Da
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanlei Tang
- Department of Chest Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daowen Jiang
- Department of Chest Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfeng Xi
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Congjun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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6
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Chen K, Chen L, Li L, Qu S, Yu B, Sun Y, Wan F, Chen X, Liang R, Zhu X. A positive feedback loop between Wnt/β-catenin signaling and hTERT regulates the cancer stem cell-like traits in radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:4612-4622. [PMID: 32065421 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Radioresistance may be induced by cancer stem cells (CSCs), while the biological traits of CSCs need to be retained by telomerase. The telomerase activity mainly depends on the transcriptional regulation of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). Moreover, Wnt/β-catenin signaling is also considered essential for maintaining the CSC phenotypes. In the previous study, we discovered that the radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells CNE-2R displayed CSC-like traits, as well as high expression of hTERT and β-catenin, but whether hTERT and β-catenin were involved in regulating the CSC-like traits and radiosensitivity of CNE-2R cells remained unclear. In this study, our results suggested that hTERT could positively regulate the expression of CSC-related proteins, as well as the cytoplasm- and nucleus-β-catenin, but it could not markedly regulate the expression of total β-catenin in CNE-2R cells. Meanwhile, Wnt/β-catenin signaling had a positive regulatory effect on the expression of hTERT and CSC-related proteins. Moreover, there was a β-catenin/hTERT protein complex in CNE-2R cells, indicating that β-catenin could directly interact with hTERT protein. Our results also revealed that silencing hTERT or suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling could attenuate telomerase activity and radioresistance of CNE-2R cells; while suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling, the telomerase activity and radioresistance could be reversed through overexpressing hTERT. Taken together, we have outlined a positive feedback loop between Wnt/β-catenin signaling and hTERT in CNE-2R cells, which can regulate the telomerase activity and CSC-like traits, thus regulating the radiosensitivity. Therefore, blocking Wnt/β-catenin signaling transduction and interfering with hTERT expression may be a promising approach for targeting radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells with CSC-like traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaihua Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Incidence-Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Incidence-Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Song Qu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Incidence-Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Incidence-Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Binbin Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yongchu Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Fangzhu Wan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xishan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Renba Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Incidence-Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Incidence-Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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7
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Hasan Abdali M, Afshar S, Sedighi Pashaki A, Dastan D, Gholami MH, Mahmoudi R, Saidijam M. Investigating the effect of radiosensitizer for Ursolic Acid and Kamolonol Acetate on HCT-116 cell line. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115152. [PMID: 31771799 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was evaluating the cytotoxic and radiosensitizing effects of Ursolic Acid (UA) and Kamolonol Acetate (KA) on HCT116 cell line and finally investigating the functional role of NF-κB and CCND1 genes in the radiosensitizing activity of UA and KA. MATERIALS AND METHOD The cytotoxic effects of UA and KA by MTT assay was evaluated on HCT-116. Clonogenic assay was performed to investigate of radiosensitizing effects of UA and KA on HCT116. To assessment the expression levels of NF-κB and CCND1 genes, real-time PCR method was used. RESULTS The results of MTT assay revealed that UA and KA have cytotoxic effects on HCT116 cell line. According to clonogenic assay, survival fraction of treated cells with UA and KA has been decreased compared to the survival fraction of untreated cells. UA and KA lead to the decrease in the expression level of NF-κB. Synergistic effect of radiosensitizing agents with radiation was only approved for UA and 2 Gy of radiation. CONCLUSION Based on our study, UA and KA have cytotoxic effects on HCT116 cell line. Furthermore, UA may lead to radiosensitization of human colorectal tumor cells by NF-κB1 and CCND1signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maede Hasan Abdali
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saeid Afshar
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Dara Dastan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Roghayeh Mahmoudi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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8
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Poynter L, Galea D, Veselkov K, Mirnezami A, Kinross J, Nicholson J, Takáts Z, Darzi A, Mirnezami R. Network Mapping of Molecular Biomarkers Influencing Radiation Response in Rectal Cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2019; 18:e210-e222. [PMID: 30928329 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Preoperative radiotherapy (RT) plays an important role in the management of locally advanced rectal cancer (RC). Tumor regression after RT shows marked variability, and robust molecular methods are needed to help predict likely response. The aim of this study was to review the current published literature and use Gene Ontology (GO) analysis to define key molecular biomarkers governing radiation response in RC. A systematic review of electronic bibliographic databases (Medline, Embase) was performed for original articles published between 2000 and 2015. Biomarkers were then classified according to biological function and incorporated into a hierarchical GO tree. Both significant and nonsignificant results were included in the analysis. Significance was binarized on the basis of univariate and multivariate statistics. Significance scores were calculated for each biological domain (or node), and a direct acyclic graph was generated for intuitive mapping of biological pathways and markers involved in RC radiation response. Seventy-two individual biomarkers across 74 studies were identified. On highest-order classification, molecular biomarkers falling within the domains of response to stress, cellular metabolism, and pathways inhibiting apoptosis were found to be the most influential in predicting radiosensitivity. Homogenizing biomarker data from original articles using controlled GO terminology demonstrated that cellular mechanisms of response to RT in RC-in particular the metabolic response to RT-may hold promise in developing radiotherapeutic biomarkers to help predict, and in the future modulate, radiation response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Poynter
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Dieter Galea
- Computational & Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kirill Veselkov
- Computational & Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - James Kinross
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jeremy Nicholson
- Computational & Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Zoltán Takáts
- Computational & Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ara Darzi
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Reza Mirnezami
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK; St Mark's Hospital and Academic Institute, Harrow, London, UK.
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9
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Vyskocil E, Pammer J, Altorjai G, Grasl MC, Parzefall T, Haymerle G, Janik S, Perisanidis C, Erovic BM. Dysregulation of ß-catenin, WISP1 and TCF21 predicts disease-specific survival and primary response against radio(chemo)therapy in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Clin Otolaryngol 2019; 44:263-272. [PMID: 30615266 DOI: 10.1111/coa.13281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the prognostic and predictive impact of β-catenin, TCF21 and WISP1 expression in patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck who underwent primary radiotherapy or concomitant chemoradiotherapy. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING University hospital. PARTICIPANTS Protein expression profiles of β-catenin, TCF21, WISP1 and p16 were determined by immunohistochemical analyses in tissue samples of 59 untreated patients. Expression was correlated with different outcome parameters. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Impact of TNM classification, grading, sex, age, gender, type of therapy, response to therapy and p16 status on disease-specific (DSS) and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS Patients with high expression of TCF21 were associated with significantly worse disease-specific survival (P = 0.005). In a multivariable analysis, TCF21 was a significant determinant of disease-specific survival. (HR 3.01; P = 0.036). Conversely, low expression of β-catenin (P = 0.025) and WISP1 (P = 0.037) revealed a better response to radiotherapy. CONCLUSION Since data show that TCF21 is a prognostic factor for disease-specific survival and WISP1 and ß-catenin are predictive factors for clinical outcome after definitive radiotherapy, further studies are warranted to prove these preliminary but very promising findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erich Vyskocil
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Pammer
- Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Matthaeus Ch Grasl
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Parzefall
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Haymerle
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Janik
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christos Perisanidis
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School of Athens, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Boban M Erovic
- Institute of Head and Neck Diseases, Evangelical Hospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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10
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Murad LB, da Silva Nogueira P, de Araújo WM, Sousa-Squiavinato ACM, Rocha MR, de Souza WF, de-Freitas-Junior J, Barcellos-de-Souza P, Bastos LG, Morgado-Díaz JA. Docosahexaenoic acid promotes cell cycle arrest and decreases proliferation through WNT/β-catenin modulation in colorectal cancer cells exposed to γ-radiation. Biofactors 2019; 45:24-34. [PMID: 30521071 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The effects of radiation are known to be potentiated by N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which modulate several signaling pathways, but the molecular mechanisms through which these fatty acids enhance the anticancer effects of irradiation in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment remain poorly elucidated. Here, we aimed to ascertain whether the fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) exerts a modulating effect on the response elicited by radiation treatment (RT). Two CRC cell lines, Caco-2 and HT-29, were exposed to RT, DHA, or both (DHA + RT) for various times, and then cell viability, proliferation, and clonogenicity were assessed. Moreover, cell cycle, apoptosis, and necrosis were analyzed using flow cytometry, and the involvement of WNT/β-catenin signaling was investigated by immunofluorescence to determine nuclear β-catenin, GSK3β phosphorylation status, and TCF/LEF-activity reporter. DHA and RT applied separately diminished the viability of both HT-29 and Caco-2 cells, and DHA + RT caused a further reduction in proliferation mainly in HT-29 cells, particularly in terms of colony formation. Concomitantly, our results verified cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase, a reduction of cyclin D1 expression, and a decrease in GSK3β phosphorylation after the combined treatment. Furthermore, immunofluorescence quantification revealed that nuclear β-catenin was increased in RT-exposed cells, but this effect was abrogated in cells exposed to DHA + RT, and the results of TCF/LEF-activity assays confirmed that DHA attenuated the increase in nuclear β-catenin activity induced by irradiation. Our finding shows that DHA applied in combination with RT enhanced the antitumor effects of irradiation on CRC cells, and that the underlying mechanism involved the WNT/β-catenin pathway. © 2018 BioFactors, 45(1):24-34, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Borges Murad
- Cellular and Molecular Oncobiology Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Perôny da Silva Nogueira
- Cellular and Molecular Oncobiology Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Wallace Martins de Araújo
- Cellular and Molecular Oncobiology Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Murilo Ramos Rocha
- Cellular and Molecular Oncobiology Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Júlio de-Freitas-Junior
- Cellular and Molecular Oncobiology Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Pedro Barcellos-de-Souza
- Cellular and Molecular Oncobiology Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lilian Gonçalves Bastos
- Cellular and Molecular Oncobiology Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jose Andrés Morgado-Díaz
- Cellular and Molecular Oncobiology Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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11
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The potential predictive value of tumor budding for neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy response in locally advanced rectal cancer. Strahlenther Onkol 2018; 194:991-1006. [PMID: 30069738 PMCID: PMC6208929 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-018-1340-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This study was conducted to investigate the potential predictive value of tumor budding for neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy response in locally advanced rectal cancer. Patients and methods Surgical specimens of 128 ypUICC (Union for International Cancer Control) stage 0–III mid-to-low rectal cancer patients were identified from a prospectively maintained colorectal cancer database and classified into two groups using the 10 high-power field average method: none/mild tumor budding (BD-0) and moderate/severe tumor budding (BD-1). Overall survival, relapse-free survival (RFS), and recurrence estimates were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared with the log-rank test. For RFS, a multivariable Cox’s proportional hazards regression analysis was performed. Results No (n = 20) or mild (n = 27) tumor budding (BD-0) was identified in 47 (37%) and moderate (n = 52) or severe (n = 29) tumor budding (BD-1) in 81 (63%) surgical specimens. Positive tumor budding (BD-1) was associated with significantly reduced T‑level downstaging (P < 0.001) and tumor regression (P < 0.001). After a median follow-up time of 7 years (range 2.9–146.7 months), BD-0 patients had more favorable 5‑year RFS (90 vs. 71%, P = 0.02) and distant recurrence (2 vs. 12%, P = 0.03) estimates. Multivariable analyses confirmed BD-1 as a negative predictive parameter for RFS (hazard ratio = 3.44, 95% confidence interval 1.23–9.63, P = 0.018). Conclusions Our data confirm tumor budding as a strong prognostic factor and its potential predictive value for neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy response in locally advanced rectal cancer patients. This provides the opportunity to modify and individualize neoadjuvant therapy regimens for non-responders.
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12
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MiR-185 enhances radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells by targeting IGF1R and IGF2. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:763-769. [PMID: 29990869 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Radioresistance is a significant obstacle for effective treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent studies have indicated that miR-185 inhibits proliferation, survival, and invasion of CRC; however, the role of this miRNA in radioresistance of CRC has not been identified yet. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of miR-185 in radiosensitivity of CRC. METHODS After transfecting the cells with mimic miR-185, expressions of IGF1R and IGF2 were evaluated by real-time PCR and western blot. The radiation response of transfected cells was also examined by colony forming assay. Sub-G1 fraction analysis through flow cytometry and caspase 3 activity was used to evaluate apoptosis. RESULTS The results of real-time PCR and western blot indicated that IGF1R and IGF2 are downregulated in the transfected cells. Colony forming assay revealed that transfected cells were more radiosensitive than other cells. On the other hand,following irradiation the rate of apoptosis was significantly higher in the transfected cells than in the other cells. CONCLUSION In summary, our study is the first to show that upregulation of miR-185 enhances the sensitivity of CRC cells to ionizing radiation. miR-185 may act as a novel biomarker of radioresistance and may clinically enhance the radiation response of CRC.
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13
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Luo Y, Li M, Zuo X, Basourakos SP, Zhang J, Zhao J, Han Y, Lin Y, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Lan L. β‑catenin nuclear translocation induced by HIF‑1α overexpression leads to the radioresistance of prostate cancer. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1827-1840. [PMID: 29658569 PMCID: PMC5919719 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is known to play crucial roles in tumor radioresistance; however, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the promotion of tumor radioresistance by HIF-1α remain unclear. β-catenin is known to be involved in the metastatic potential of prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, to investigate the role of HIF-1α and β-catenin in the radioresistance of PCa, two PCa cell lines, LNCaP and C4-2B, were grouped as follows: Negative control (no treatment), HIF-1α overexpression group (transfected with HIF-1α overexpression plasmid) and β-catenin silenced group (transfected with HIF-1α plasmids and β-catenin-shRNA). Cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell invasion and radiosensitivity were examined under normal or hypoxic conditions. In addition, radiosensitivity was examined in two mouse PCa models (the LNCaP orthotopic BALB/c-nu mice model and the C4-2B subcutaneous SCID mice model). Our results revealed that in both the LNCaP and C4-2B cells, transfection with HIF-1α overexpression plasmid led to an enhanced β-catenin nuclear translocation, while β-catenin silencing inhibited β-catenin nuclear translocation. The enhanced β-catenin nuclear translocation induced by HIF-1α overexpression resulted in an enhanced cell proliferation and cell invasion, an altered cell cycle distribution, decreased apoptosis, and improved non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair under normal and irradiation conditions. Similar results were observed in the animal models. HIF-1α overexpression enhanced β-catenin nuclear translocation, which led to the activation of the β-catenin/NHEJ signaling pathway and increased cell proliferation, cell invasion and DNA repair. These results thus suggest that HIF-1α overexpression promotes the radioresistance of PCa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Luo
- Department of Urology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Mingchuan Li
- Department of Urology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Zuo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tong Ren Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Spyridon P Basourakos
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Jiahui Zhao
- Department of Urology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yili Han
- Department of Urology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yunhua Lin
- Department of Urology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yongxing Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yongguang Jiang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Ling Lan
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The 4th Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
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14
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He Y, Jing Y, Wei F, Tang Y, Yang L, Luo J, Yang P, Ni Q, Pang J, Liao Q, Xiong F, Guo C, Xiang B, Li X, Zhou M, Li Y, Xiong W, Zeng Z, Li G. Long non-coding RNA PVT1 predicts poor prognosis and induces radioresistance by regulating DNA repair and cell apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:235. [PMID: 29445147 PMCID: PMC5833381 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0265-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The long non-coding RNA, plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1), is highly expressed in a variety of tumors, and is believed to be a potential oncogene. However, the role and mechanism of action of PVT1 in the carcinogenesis and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPCs) remains unclear. In this study, for the first time, we have discovered that PVT1 shows higher expression in NPCs than in normal nasopharyngeal epithelial tissue, and patients with NPCs who show higher expression of PVT1 have worse progression-free and overall survivals. Additionally, we observed that the proliferation of NPC cells decreased, and their rate of apoptosis increased; these results indicated that the knockdown of PVT1 expression in the NPC cells induced radiosensitivity. Further, we have shown that the knockdown of PVT1 expression can induce apoptosis in the NPC cells by influencing the DNA damage repair pathway after radiotherapy. In general, our study shows that PVT1 may be a novel biomarker for prognosis and a new target for the treatment of NPCs. Additionally, targeting PVT1 may be a potential strategy for the clinical management of NPC and for the improvement of the curative effect of radiation in NPCs.
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MESH Headings
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy
- Caspases/genetics
- Caspases/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
- DNA Repair
- DNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- DNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Databases, Genetic
- Follow-Up Studies
- Gamma Rays/therapeutic use
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma/diagnosis
- Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma/genetics
- Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma/mortality
- Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma/therapy
- Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases/genetics
- Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases/metabolism
- Prognosis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Radiation Tolerance/genetics
- Signal Transduction
- Survival Analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yizhou Jing
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liting Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pei Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qianxi Ni
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinmeng Pang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Can Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Wei Xiong
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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15
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Wang W, Wen Q, Luo J, Chu S, Chen L, Xu L, Zang H, Alnemah MM, Li J, Zhou J, Fan S. Suppression Of β-catenin Nuclear Translocation By CGP57380 Decelerates Poor Progression And Potentiates Radiation-Induced Apoptosis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Theranostics 2017; 7:2134-2149. [PMID: 28656063 PMCID: PMC5485425 DOI: 10.7150/thno.17665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear localization of β-catenin is essential for the progression of various human cancers via transcriptional upregulation of downstream genes. The MAP kinase interacting serine/threonine kinase (MNK)-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) axis has been reported to activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and CGP57380, an inhibitor of MNK kinases, inhibits the proliferation of multiple cancers. In this study, we showed that β-catenin signaling (including β-catenin, cyclin D1, c-Myc, and MMP-7) and p-eIF4E expression were elevated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) compared with non-cancerous nasopharyngeal epithelial tissues, and was associated with clinical characteristics of NPC patients. Lymph node metastasis, gender, aberrant β-catenin expression, and elevated levels of MMP-7 and cyclin D1 were independent prognostic factors. Significantly, expression of p-eIF4E was positively correlated with β-catenin, and targeting the MNK-eIF4E axis with CGP57380 downregulated β-catenin in the nucleus, which in turn decreased proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration, invasion, and metastasis of NPC in vitro and in vivo. CGP57380 also potentiated radiation-induced apoptosis in NPC. Moreover, CGP57380 upregulated β-catenin in the cytoplasm thus blocking epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a key mechanism in cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis. Mechanistically, inhibition of β-catenin nuclear translocation by CGP57380 was dependent on AKT activation. Notably, identification of the MNK/eIF4E/β-catenin axis might provide a potential target for overcoming the poor prognosis mediated by β-catenin in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Qiuyuan Wen
- Department of Pathology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jiadi Luo
- Department of Pathology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Shuzhou Chu
- Department of Pathology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Lingjiao Chen
- Department of Pathology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Lina Xu
- Department of Pathology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Hongjing Zang
- Department of Pathology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Mohannad Ma Alnemah
- Department of Pathology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jinghe Li
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
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16
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Stache C, Bils C, Fahlbusch R, Flitsch J, Buchfelder M, Stefanits H, Czech T, Gaipl U, Frey B, Buslei R, Hölsken A. Drug priming enhances radiosensitivity of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma via downregulation of survivin. Neurosurg Focus 2017; 41:E14. [PMID: 27903123 DOI: 10.3171/2016.9.focus16316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, the authors investigated the underlying mechanisms responsible for high tumor recurrence rates of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) after radiotherapy and developed new targeted treatment protocols to minimize recurrence. ACPs are characterized by the activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), known to mediate radioresistance in various tumor entities. The impact of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) gefitinib or CUDC-101 on radiation-induced cell death and associated regulation of survivin gene expression was evaluated. METHODS The hypothesis that activated EGFR promotes radioresistance in ACP was investigated in vitro using human primary cell cultures of ACP (n = 10). The effects of radiation (12 Gy) and combined radiochemotherapy on radiosensitivity were assessed via cell death analysis using flow cytometry. Changes in target gene expression were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Survivin, identified in qRT-PCR to be involved in radioresistance of ACP, was manipulated by small interfering RNA (siRNA), followed by proliferation and vitality assays to further clarify its role in ACP biology. Immunohistochemically, survivin expression was assessed in patient tumors used for primary cell cultures. RESULTS In primary human ACP cultures, activation of EGFR resulted in significantly reduced cell death levels after radiotherapy. Treatment with TKIs alone and in combination with radiotherapy increased cell death response remarkably, assessed by flow cytometry. CUDC-101 was significantly more effective than gefitinib. The authors identified regulation of survivin expression after therapeutic intervention as the underlying molecular mechanism of radioresistance in ACP. EGFR activation promoting ACP cell survival and proliferation in vitro is consistent with enhanced survivin gene expression shown by qRT-PCR. TKI treatment, as well as the combination with radiotherapy, reduced survivin levels in vitro. Accordingly, ACP showed reduced cell viability and proliferation after survivin downregulation by siRNA. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate an impact of EGFR signaling on radioresistance in ACP. Inhibition of EGFR activity by means of TKI treatment acts as a radiosensitizer on ACP tumor cells, leading to increased cell death. Additionally, the results emphasize the antiapoptotic and pro-proliferative role of survivin in ACP biology and its regulation by EGFR signaling. The suppression of survivin by treatment with TKI and combined radiotherapy represents a new promising treatment strategy that will be further assessed in in vivo models of ACP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Stache
- Department of Neuropathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Institute of Child Health, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Christiane Bils
- Department of Neuropathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Jörg Flitsch
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Buchfelder
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Harald Stefanits
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; and
| | - Thomas Czech
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; and
| | - Udo Gaipl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Frey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rolf Buslei
- Department of Neuropathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Annett Hölsken
- Department of Neuropathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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17
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Zhang Q, Gao M, Luo G, Han X, Bao W, Cheng Y, Tian W, Yan M, Yang G, An J. Enhancement of Radiation Sensitivity in Lung Cancer Cells by a Novel Small Molecule Inhibitor That Targets the β-Catenin/Tcf4 Interaction. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152407. [PMID: 27014877 PMCID: PMC4807779 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy is an important treatment choice for unresectable advanced human lung cancers, and a critical adjuvant treatment for surgery. However, radiation as a lung cancer treatment remains far from satisfactory due to problems associated with radiation resistance in cancer cells and severe cytotoxicity to non-cancer cells, which arise at doses typically administered to patients. We have recently identified a promising novel inhibitor of β-catenin/Tcf4 interaction, named BC-23 (C21H14ClN3O4S), which acts as a potent cell death enhancer when used in combination with radiation. Sequential exposure of human p53-null non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) H1299 cells to low doses of x-ray radiation, followed 1 hour later by administration of minimally cytotoxic concentrations of BC-23, resulted in a highly synergistic induction of clonogenic cell death (combination index <1.0). Co-treatment with BC-23 at low concentrations effectively inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling and down-regulates c-Myc and cyclin D1 expression. S phase arrest and ROS generation are also involved in the enhancement of radiation effectiveness mediated by BC-23. BC-23 therefore represents a promising new class of radiation enhancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,SUNY Upstate Cancer Research Institute, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Mei Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,SUNY Upstate Cancer Research Institute, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Guifen Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,SUNY Upstate Cancer Research Institute, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Xiaofeng Han
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,SUNY Upstate Cancer Research Institute, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Wenjing Bao
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,SUNY Upstate Cancer Research Institute, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,Department of Medicine, Liaoning University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, No. 33 Beiling Street, Huanggu District, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanyan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,SUNY Upstate Cancer Research Institute, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,Department of Medicine, Liaoning University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, No. 33 Beiling Street, Huanggu District, Shenyang, China
| | - Wang Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,SUNY Upstate Cancer Research Institute, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Maocai Yan
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Guanlin Yang
- Department of Medicine, Liaoning University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, No. 33 Beiling Street, Huanggu District, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing An
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,SUNY Upstate Cancer Research Institute, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.,Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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18
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Zhou H, Zhang G, Xue X, Yang Y, Yang Y, Chang X, Ge X, Xiao Z, Guo H, Wang Y. Identification of novel NRAGE involved in the radioresistance of esophageal cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:8741-52. [PMID: 26738870 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4747-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is one main method for the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and the radioresistance is the predominant cause of patients with local recurrence. The previous results of gene microarray and subsequent verification showed that NRAGE might be involved in radiation resistance of ESCC cells. In this study, we reestablished human esophageal carcinoma radioresistant cell lines TE13R120 and ECA109R60 with gradient dose irradiation as previously reported, respectively. NRAGE expression was high in TE13R120 and ECA109R60 cells and was correlative with ionizing radiation (IR) resistance in clinic. However, the radiosensitivity of TE13R120 cells had a remarkable increase detected by colony formation assays after siRNA against NRAGE (siNRG) transfection into TE13R120 cells. Compared with TE13 cells, an increasing number of TE13R120 cells with NRAGE overexpression in S phase and a lower ratio in G2/M were observed by flow cytometry method (FCM). Intriguingly, the above changes were partially reversed in TE13R120 cells treated with siNRG. More importantly, the ectopic subcellular localization of NRAGE mediated nuclear translocation of β-catenin which may be one reason of IR resistance of esophageal carcinoma cell. These data indicate that NRAGE extremely may be a pivotal factor involved in Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway, mediating nuclear translocation of β-catenin and then facilitating the formation of radioresistance of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huandi Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoying Xue
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Yanling Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaojing Chang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaohui Ge
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhiqing Xiao
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Han Guo
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yanqiang Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Molinari C, Matteucci F, Caroli P, Passardi A. Biomarkers and Molecular Imaging as Predictors of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2015; 14:227-38. [PMID: 26170142 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Standard treatment of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) includes neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) followed by surgery. Tumor regression after NCRT varies substantially among individuals and pathological complete response is a known prognostic factor for LARC. The identification of a predictive model for response to chemoradiotherapy would help clinicians to identify patients who would probably benefit from multimodal treatment and to perform an early assessment of individual prognosis. Carcinoembryonic antigen has proven to be a good predictor of response in several clinical trials. Other widely studied predictive models in LARC include molecular biomarkers, analyzed at various levels and by different techniques, and molecular imaging, in particular magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography/computed tomography. Although none of the studied markers have been approved in clinical practice, their evaluation in larger, prospective trials and in combined predictive models could be of use to define tailored therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Molinari
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Federica Matteucci
- Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine Unit, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Paola Caroli
- Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine Unit, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Alessandro Passardi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy.
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Senetta R, Duregon E, Sonetto C, Spadi R, Mistrangelo M, Racca P, Chiusa L, Munoz FH, Ricardi U, Arezzo A, Cassenti A, Castellano I, Papotti M, Morino M, Risio M, Cassoni P. YKL-40/c-Met expression in rectal cancer biopsies predicts tumor regression following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: a multi-institutional study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123759. [PMID: 25875173 PMCID: PMC4398550 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) followed by surgical resection is the standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer, although complete tumor pathological regression is achieved in only up to 30% of cases. A clinicopathological and molecular predictive stratification of patients with advanced rectal cancer is still lacking. Here, c-Met and YKL-40 have been studied as putative predictors of CRT response in rectal cancer, due to their reported involvement in chemoradioresistance in various solid tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS A multicentric study was designed to assess the role of c-Met and YKL-40 expression in predicting chemoradioresistance and to correlate clinical and pathological features with CRT response. Immunohistochemistry and fluorescent in situ hybridization for c-Met were performed on 81 rectal cancer biopsies from patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma. All patients underwent standard (50.4 gy in 28 fractions + concurrent capecitabine 825 mg/m2) neoadjuvant CRT or the XELOXART protocol. CRT response was documented on surgical resection specimens and recorded as tumor regression grade (TRG) according to the Mandard criteria. RESULTS A significant correlation between c-Met and YKL-40 expression was observed (R = 0.43). The expressions of c-Met and YKL-40 were both significantly associated with a lack of complete response (86% and 87% of c-Met and YKL-40 positive cases, p< 0.01 and p = 0.006, respectively). Thirty of the 32 biopsies co-expressing both markers had partial or absent tumor response (TRG 2-5), strengthening their positive predictive value (94%). The exclusive predictive role of YKL-40 and c-Met was confirmed using a multivariate analysis (p = 0.004 and p = 0.007 for YKL-40 and c-Met, respectively). TRG was the sole morphological parameter associated with poor outcome. CONCLUSION c-Met and YKL-40 expression is a reliable predictor of partial/absent response to neoadjuvant CRT in rectal cancer. Targeted therapy protocols could take advantage of prior evaluations of c-MET and YKL-40 expression levels to increase therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Senetta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Sonetto
- SSCVD Colorectal Cancer Unit, City of Health and Science Hospital of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Rossella Spadi
- SSCVD Colorectal Cancer Unit, City of Health and Science Hospital of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mistrangelo
- Digestive and Colorectal Surgery, Centre of Minimal Invasive Surgery, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Patrizia Racca
- SSCVD Colorectal Cancer Unit, City of Health and Science Hospital of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Luigi Chiusa
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Alberto Arezzo
- Digestive and Colorectal Surgery, Centre of Minimal Invasive Surgery, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Adele Cassenti
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Papotti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Morino
- Digestive and Colorectal Surgery, Centre of Minimal Invasive Surgery, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mauro Risio
- Candiolo Cancer Institute—FPO (Fondazione del Piemonte per l'0ncologia), IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Cassoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- * E-mail:
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