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Urrutia‐Baca VH, Paz‐Michel BA, Calderon‐Porras AN, Valle JAJ, Alvarez‐Fernández WJ, Mervitch‐Sigal N, Rodríguez‐León MA, De La Garza‐Ramos MA. Oral Hygiene With Neutral Electrolyzed Water and Systemic Therapy Increases Gastric Helicobacter pylori Eradication and Reduces Recurrence. Clin Exp Dent Res 2024; 10:e927. [PMID: 38973212 PMCID: PMC11228356 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Helicobacter pylori gastric infection strongly correlates with gastric diseases such as chronic gastritis, functional dyspepsia, and complications such as peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. In developing countries, systemic therapies are not usually successful due to elevated antibiotic resistance. Additionally, oral H. pylori infection and periodontal disease correlate with gastric treatment failures. This study aimed to explore the effect of an integral therapy, comprising oral hygiene and concomitant systemic treatment, to increase the eradication of gastric infection and recurrences. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective, randomized, four-arm, parallel-group, open-label clinical trial was conducted to investigate the efficacy of integral therapy to eradicate gastric H. pylori infection and avoid recurrences in double-positive (real-time PCR oral and gastric infection) patients. Oral hygiene involved mouthwash with neutral electrolyzed water (NEW), with or without periodontal treatment. One hundred patients were equally distributed into four groups: NS, NS-PT, NEW, and NEW-PT. All patients had concomitant systemic therapy and additionally, the following oral treatments: mouthwash with normal saline (NS), periodontal treatment and mouthwash with normal saline (NS-PT), mouthwash with NEW (NEW), and periodontal treatment and mouthwash with NEW (NEW-PT). Gastric and oral infection and symptoms were evaluated one and four months after treatments. RESULTS Integral therapy with NEW-PT increased gastric eradication rates compared with NS or NS-PT (84%-96% vs. 20%-56%; p < 0.001). Even more, a protective effect of 81.2% (RR = 0.1877; 95% CI: 0.0658-0.5355; p = 0.0018) against recurrences and 76.6% (RR = 0.2439; 95% CI: 0.1380-0.4310; p < 0.001) against treatment failure (eradication of infection and associated symptoms) was observed in patients from the NEW and NEW-PT groups. CONCLUSIONS Implementation of oral hygiene and systemic treatment can increase the eradication of gastric infection, associated symptoms, and recurrences. NEW is recommended as an antiseptic mouthwash due to its efficacy and short- and long-term safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo Urrutia‐Baca
- Facultad de Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad Autonoma de Nuevo LeonSan Nicolas de los GarzaNuevo LeonMexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Myriam Angelica De La Garza‐Ramos
- Facultad de Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad Autonoma de Nuevo LeonSan Nicolas de los GarzaNuevo LeonMexico
- Facultad de OdontologíaUniversidad Autonoma de Nuevo LeonMonterreyNuevo LeonMexico
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Lai Y, Dong X, Song Y, Zhao J, Du Y, Li Z. Novel MAXPOWER biological antibacterial liquid for eradicating oral Helicobacter pylori. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:540. [PMID: 38811871 PMCID: PMC11137934 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09424-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eradication of oral Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) not only reduces the infection rate from the transmission route but also improves the success rate of intragastric eradication. MAXPOWER Biological Bacteriostatic Liquid, developed in our previous work, is a composite biological preparation with strong antibacterial ability and unique antibacterial mechanism. The present study evaluated the efficacy of the MAXPOWER biocontrol solution on H. pylori and its success rate in eradicating oral H. pylori in clinical patients. METHODS Live-dead cell staining and hemolysis test were used to evaluate the cellular safety of MAXPOWER biocontrol solution; plate spreading, live-dead bacterial staining, and scanning electron microscopy methods were used to evaluate its antimicrobial effect against H. pylori. Transcriptomics was used to analyze the changes in H. pylori genes before and after treatment. After seven days of gavage treatment, H&E staining and mice feces were collected for 16SrDNA sequencing to evaluate the animals' safety. Oral H. pylori-positive patients were randomized to be given a placebo and MAXPOWER Bio-Bacteriostatic Liquid gargle for seven days to evaluate the effect on oral H. pylori eradication. RESULTS In vitro tests demonstrated that this product has excellent biocompatibility and hemocompatibility and can effectively eradicate oral H. pylori. In vivo tests further showed that it has good biosafety and virtually no adverse effect on intestinal microflora. Transcriptomics analysis revealed that it kills H. pylori cells mainly by disrupting their cell membranes and metabolism. Additionally, the results of randomized controlled trials on humans disclosed that the oral H. pylori eradication rates achieved by MAXPOWER Biological Antibacterial Liquid were 71.4% and 78.9% according to the intention-to-treat and the per-protocol analysis, respectively. CONCLUSION MAXPOWER Biological Antibacterial Liquid is both safe and efficacious in the eradication of oral H. pylori. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was retrospectively registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov Trial Registry on 21/09/2023 (NCT06045832).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Lai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Yangp u District, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ganzhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Xiaoyang Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Yangp u District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yingxiao Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Yangp u District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jiulong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Yangp u District, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
- National key laboratory of Immunity and inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yiqi Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Yangp u District, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
- National key laboratory of Immunity and inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhaoshen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Yangp u District, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Belibasakis GN, Senevirantne CJ, Jayasinghe RD, Vo PTD, Bostanci N, Choi Y. Bacteriome and mycobiome dysbiosis in oral mucosal dysplasia and oral cancer. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 38501658 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
It has long been considered that the oral microbiome is tightly connected to oral health and that dysbiotic changes can be detrimental to the occurrence and progression of dysplastic oral mucosal lesions or oral cancer. Improved understanding of the concepts of microbial dysbiosis together with advances in high-throughput molecular sequencing of these pathologies have charted in greater microbiological detail the nature of their clinical state. This review discusses the bacteriome and mycobiome associated with oral mucosal lesions, oral candidiasis, and oral squamous cell carcinoma, aiming to delineate the information available to date in pursuit of advancing diagnostic and prognostic utilities for oral medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios N Belibasakis
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Ruwan Duminda Jayasinghe
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Phuc Thi-Duy Vo
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Youngnim Choi
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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Liu D, Pan J, Chen Z, Li S, Ma J, Xiao Y, Wang D, Mu G, Lin Y, Li J, Chen Z, Huang X. A survey on the current status of Helicobacter pylori infection in households in Hainan Province, China. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:426. [PMID: 38049722 PMCID: PMC10696850 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-03010-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection at the household level in Hainan Province in China and identify the factors that contribute to its spread. The findings of this study have significant implications for public health prevention strategies in the Hainan region. METHODS A total of 421 families, comprising 1355 individuals, were tested for Hp infection across five cities in Hainan Province between July 2021 and April 2022. The study utilized questionnaires that included questions about personal characteristics, household shared lifestyle and dietary habits, and potential pathways of Hp infection in children to identify potential factors linked to household Hp infection and transmission patterns. RESULTS The prevalence of Hp infection on an individual basis was 46.72% (629/1355), with age ≥ 20 years, being married and having junior secondary education and above as risk factors for Hp infection. The prevalence of Hp infection in households was 80.29% (338/421), household size of 5, 6 and above were risk factors for Hp infection with Odds Ratios (ORs) of 4.09 (1.17-14.33) and 15.19 (2.01-114.73), respectively, household income ≥ 100,000 yuan and drinking boiled water from a tap source were protective factors for Hp infection with ORs of 0.52 (0.31-0.89) and 0.51 (0.28-0.95), respectively. The prevalence of Hp infection among minors in the household was 24.89% (58/233), with paternal infection and maternal infection as risk factors for child infection, with ORs of 2.93 (1.29-6.62) and 2.51 (1.07-5.89), respectively. CONCLUSION Hp infection was prevalent among Hainan families, and interaction with infected family members may be the primary cause of transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Jing Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Zhengyi Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Sailian Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Jiamei Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Yening Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Danhong Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Ganggang Mu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Wenchang Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wenchang, China
| | - Juyuan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan West Central Hospital, Danzhou, China
| | - Zhai Chen
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Dongfang People's Hospital, Dongfang, China
| | - Xiaoxi Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, China.
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Moradi Y, Majidi L, Khateri S, Azh N, Gheshlagh RG, Saniee N, Zarei M, Moradpour F. The association between periodontal diseases and helicobacter pylori: an updated meta-analysis of observational studies. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:523. [PMID: 37496045 PMCID: PMC10369707 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03232-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Various studies have examined the association between periodontitis and helicobacter pylori and reported conflicting results. The aimed of this systematic review and meta-analysis estimating the association between these two variables. METHODS Electronic databases including PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Sciences and Medline (Elsevier) were searched using the relevant keywords. All observational studies comparing the association between periodontitis and helicobacter pylori were considered. The Newcastle - Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) checklist was used for assessing quality of included studies. All statistical analyses were completed using STATA (Version 16). RESULTS Twenty-three studies with 8,638 patients (15 case-control with 2,366 patients and 8 cross-sectional with 6,272 patients) were included in this meta-analysis. After combining the selected studies, the odds of presence the Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with the periodontal disease was 2.47 (OR: 2.47; 95% CI: 2.01, 3.03; I2: 50.87%; P: 0.001). Also, the odds after combining case-control studies was 2.77 (OR: 2.77; % 95 CI: 2.11, 3.66; I2: 37.16%; P: 0.049) and after combining cross-sectional analytical ones, it was equal to 2.07 (OR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.62, 2.65; I2: 43.25%; P: 0.050). CONCLUSION Based on the results of this meta-analysis, the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and the periodontal disease is evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Moradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Lobat Majidi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Sorour Khateri
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Nima Azh
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh
- Spiritual Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Nadia Saniee
- Department of Public Health, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran
| | - Mostafa Zarei
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Farhad Moradpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
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Meng F, Zhu S, Gong M, Tao H, Wang W, Wang G. Heat shock protein 70 is involved in polaprezinc driven cell protection against Helicobacter pylori-induced injury. Int J Med Microbiol 2023; 313:151582. [PMID: 37285706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2023.151582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Polaprezinc (PZ) plays a role in the protection of gastric mucosa and inhibiting Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) growth in vitro. The objective of this study was to determine the protective effects of PZ on human gastric epithelial cells (GES-1) against H. pylori-induced damage, while also examining heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) as a potential underlying factor in this protection. Our findings revealed that PZ exerted bactericidal effects against H. pylori strains. We also observed that PZ mitigated the H. pylori-induced damage to GES-1 cells by increasing cell viability, reducing LDH release, and decreasing the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors such as MCP-1 and IL-6. Co-culturing PZ with GES-1 cells significantly up-regulated the GES-1 HSP70 expression in both a time and dose-dependent manner. Pre-incubating (for 12 h) or co-culturing (for 24 h) GES-1 cells with PZ reversed the down-regulation of HSP70 in GES-1 cells caused by H. pylori infection. However, when quercetin was used to inhibit the up-regulation of HSP70 in GES-1 cells, the protective effect of PZ on GES-1 cells was significantly reduced. Based on the results of this study, PZ exhibits a protective role on GES-1 cells against H. pylori injury, as well as a direct bactericidal effect on H. pylori. HSP70 is involved in the PZ-driven host cell protection against H. pylori injury. These findings provide insight into alternative strategies for H. pylori treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fansen Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Siying Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Meiliang Gong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hongjin Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Gangshi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
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Analysis of Genetic Relatedness between Gastric and Oral Helicobacter pylori in Patients with Early Gastric Cancer Using Multilocus Sequence Typing. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032211. [PMID: 36768541 PMCID: PMC9917182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity is the second most colonized site of Helicobacter pylori after the stomach. This study aimed to compare the genetic relatedness between gastric and oral H. pylori in Japanese patients with early gastric cancer through multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis using eight housekeeping genes. Gastric biopsy specimens and oral samples were collected from 21 patients with a fecal antigen test positive for H. pylori. The number of H. pylori allelic profiles ranged from zero to eight since the yield of DNA was small even when the nested PCR was performed. MLST analysis revealed that only one patient had a matching oral and gastric H. pylori genotype, suggesting that different genotypes of H. pylori inhabit the oral cavity and gastric mucosa. The phylogenetic analysis showed that oral H. pylori in six patients was similar to gastric H. pylori, implying that the two strains are related but not of the same origin, and those strains may be infected on separate occasions. It is necessary to establish a culture method for oral H. pylori to elucidate whether the oral cavity acts as the source of gastric infection, as our analysis was based on a limited number of allele sequences.
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Soto C, Rojas V, Yáñez L, Hidalgo A, Olivera M, Pacheco M, Venegas D, Salinas D, Bravo D, Quest AF. Porphyromonas gingivalis-Helicobacter pylori co-incubation enhances Porphyromonas gingivalis virulence and increases migration of infected human oral keratinocytes. J Oral Microbiol 2022; 14:2107691. [PMID: 35978839 PMCID: PMC9377229 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2022.2107691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Porphyromonas gingivalis is part of the subgingival biofilm and a keystone species in the development of periodontitis. Interactions between P.gingivalis and other bacteria in biofilms have been shown to affect bacterial virulence. Helicobacter pylori also inhabits the subgingival biofilm, but the consequences of interactions there with P.gingivalis remain unknown. Here, we investigated how the pre-incubation of P.gingivalis with H.pylori affects P.gingivalis virulence. Methods We assayed P.gingivalis internalization by oral keratinocytes (OKs), hemagglutination and biofilm formation to identify alterations in virulence after pre-incubation with H. pylori. Also, we evaluated viability and migration of OKs infected with P. gingivalis, as well as the role of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). In addition, we quantified the mRNA of genes associated with P.gingivalis virulence. Results Pre-incubation of P.gingivalis with H.pylori enhanced P.gingivalis biofilm formation, bacterial internalization into OKs and hemagglutination. Infection with pre-incubated P.gingivalis increased OK migration in a manner dependent on the O-antigen and linked to increased expression of the gingipain RgpB. Also, OK TLR4 participates in these events, because upon TLR4 knock-down, pre-incubated P.gingivalis no longer stimulated OK migration. Discussion We provide here for the first time insight to the consequences of direct interaction between P.gingivalis and H.pylori. In doing so, we shed light on the mechanism by which H. pylori presence in the oral cavity increases the severity or progression of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristopher Soto
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (Accdis), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Victoria Rojas
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (Accdis), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lucas Yáñez
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Antonio Hidalgo
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (Accdis), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela Olivera
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Martín Pacheco
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Darna Venegas
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Salinas
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Denisse Bravo
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrew F.G. Quest
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (Accdis), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Detection and Analysis of the Oral Flora in Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1705193. [PMID: 36276851 PMCID: PMC9584670 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1705193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The present study detected differences in the oral mucosal flora in healthy people and patients diagnosed with recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) using the 16S ribosomal RNA high-throughput sequencing (rRNA-seq). All samples were collected from the lower lip mucosa of 100 healthy individuals and 100 patients with RAS. After the extraction, DNA was subjected to PCR amplification for the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, before subjecting to high-throughput sequencing, and matched to a database. Most bacterial species and most unique bacteria were from the healthy control group, and the amount of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) calculated was similar in the ulcer and nonulcer sites. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were most abundant in the healthy group and in ulcer, nonulcer, and healed ulcer sites at the phylum level. Meanwhile, the number of Prevotella was significantly elevated in ulcer sites (P < 0.05). Healthy people had more species of bacteria inhabiting their oral mucosa than did RAS patients, and patients with ulcers had the lowest abundance of bacterial species. We suggest that the number of Prevotella is associated with RAS.
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Luong AD, Buzid A, Luong JHT. Important Roles and Potential Uses of Natural and Synthetic Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) in Oral Diseases: Cavity, Periodontal Disease, and Thrush. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040175. [PMID: 36278644 PMCID: PMC9589978 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous epithelial cells and sometimes leukocytes release AMPs as their first line of defense. AMPs encompass cationic histatins, defensins, and cathelicidin to encounter oral pathogens with minimal resistance. However, their concentrations are significantly below the effective levels and AMPs are unstable under physiological conditions due to proteolysis, acid hydrolysis, and salt effects. In parallel to a search for more effective AMPs from natural sources, considerable efforts have focused on synthetic stable and low-cytotoxicy AMPs with significant activities against microorganisms. Using natural AMP templates, various attempts have been used to synthesize sAMPs with different charges, hydrophobicity, chain length, amino acid sequence, and amphipathicity. Thus far, sAMPs have been designed to target Streptococcus mutans and other common oral pathogens. Apart from sAMPs with antifungal activities against Candida albicans, future endeavors should focus on sAMPs with capabilities to promote remineralization and antibacterial adhesion. Delivery systems using nanomaterials and biomolecules are promising to stabilize, reduce cytotoxicity, and improve the antimicrobial activities of AMPs against oral pathogens. Nanostructured AMPs will soon become a viable alternative to antibiotics due to their antimicrobial mechanisms, broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, low drug residue, and ease of synthesis and modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Donald Luong
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14215, USA
| | - Alyah Buzid
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - John H. T. Luong
- School of Chemistry and Analytical & Biological Chemistry Research Facility (ABCRF), University College Cork, College Road, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland
- Correspondence: or
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Kudo Y, Kudo SE, Miyachi H, Ichimasa K, Ogawa Y, Kouyama Y, Sakurai T, Ikeda M, Saito Y, Kamada T, Gotoda T. Changes in halitosis value before and after Helicobacter pylori eradication: A single-institutional prospective study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:928-932. [PMID: 35324036 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Although patients report either improved or worsened halitosis after Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy, such complaints are subjective. Only a few studies have objectively evaluated reports of changes in halitosis after H. pylori eradication; thus, this study aimed to investigate these changes after a successful H. pylori eradication. METHODS Between February 2015 and October 2018, 56 347 patients visited the clinic. Informed consent for participation in this study was obtained from 164 patients scheduled to undergo upper gastrointestinal endoscopy due to halitosis. Of the 91 patients with H. pylori infection, the halitosis values were evaluated as Refres breath (RB) values using a Total Gas Detector™ System and compared before and after successful H. pylori eradication, as confirmed with urea breath testing. RESULTS Among the 91 patients treated, 77 patients were successfully eradicated of H. pylori and had their Refres values measured (21 men and 56 women; mean age, 64.2 ± 11.5 years, including 10 smokers); among these 77 patients, 27 showed RB values of > 60. Their RB values significantly improved from 73.5 Â (95% confidence interval [CI], 64.1-82.9) to 59.4 Â (95% CI, 50.0-68.8) (P = 0.038). Of the 30 patients who could be followed up for > 2 years after successful H. pylori eradication, 8 with an RB value ≥ 60 showed significant RB value improvements from 77.9 Â (95% CI, 59.4-96.4) to 30.1 Â (95% CI, 11.6-48.6) (P = 0.0016). CONCLUSIONS Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy could improve halitosis, and such improvement could be maintained even 2 years after successful eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Kudo
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Kudo Clinic, Akita, Japan
| | - Shin-Ei Kudo
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Miyachi
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Katsuro Ichimasa
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yushi Ogawa
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuta Kouyama
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sakurai
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mikiko Ikeda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kudo Clinic, Akita, Japan
| | - Yumi Saito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kudo Clinic, Akita, Japan
| | - Tamaki Kamada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kudo Clinic, Akita, Japan
| | - Takuji Gotoda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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López-Valverde N, Macedo de Sousa B, López-Valverde A, Suárez A, Rodríguez C, Aragoneses JM. Possible Association of Periodontal Diseases With Helicobacter pylori Gastric Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:822194. [PMID: 35514745 PMCID: PMC9063465 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.822194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Some research has suggested that dental plaque and saliva could be reservoirs of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and be capable of infecting or re-infecting the gastric mucosa after eradication, with certain studies showing a significant association between PD and gastric infection by this bacterium. An electronic search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases with the terms “Helicobacter pylori AND periodontal diseases”; “Helicobacter pylori AND gingivitis”; “Helicobacter pylori AND chronic periodontitis”; “Helicobacter pylori AND periodontitis”; “Helicobacter pylori AND dental plaque”, to identify articles up to September 2021. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess study quality. A meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 2020 (Cochane Collaboration) software. A total of 1,315 studies were identified and 12 were included, analyzing 226,086 patients with mean age between 10.5 and 63.4 years. The prevalence of H. pylori in the oral cavity ranged from 5.4 to 83.3%. A random-effects model was used to analyze the presence of H. pylori and subgroups were made according to the method of evaluation (PCR or RUT). Statistical significance was found in the overall analysis (p = 0.01). There is no clear evidence that H. pylori present in oral bacterial plaque causes gastric infection and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nansi López-Valverde
- Department of Surgery, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Bruno Macedo de Sousa
- Institute for Occlusion and Orofacial Pain Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Antonio López-Valverde
- Department of Surgery, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ana Suárez
- Department of Preclinical Dentistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Ana Suárez
| | - Cinthia Rodríguez
- Department of Dentistry, Universidad Federico Henríquez y Carvajal, Santo Domingo, Dominican
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13
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Gladyshev N, Taame M, Ibiliev A, Grukhin Y, Kravtsov V. Colonization by Various Morphological Forms of Helicobacter pylori in the Gingival Sulcus and Antrum of the Stomach. RECENT ADVANCES IN ANTI-INFECTIVE DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 17:199-211. [PMID: 36056835 DOI: 10.2174/2772434417666220903093339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy can be considered effective if the result of its implementation is removed including all roots and rootlets from which surviving H. pylori can repopulate in the gastric mucosa. One of the reasons for the ineffectiveness of eradication therapy can be the continuous presence of viable coccoid forms of H. pylori in the oral cavity. Therefore, anti-Helicobacter eradication therapy should be supplemented by the sanitation of the oral cavity. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to determine the frequency of occurrence of H. pylori in the gastric mucosa and in the oral cavity in patients with chronic periodontitis or with chronic gastritis using immunocytochemical method and to evaluate the pathophysiological relationship between periodontitis and HP-associated acid-dependent stomach diseases mediated by H. pylori. METHODS A group of patients with chronic gastritis (70 participants, 46 women, 24 men, age: 24 - 55 years) and another group with chronic periodontitis before the start of surgical treatment (61 participants, 30 women, 31 men, age: 20 - 60 years) were examined for НР bacterial cells using immunocytochemical methods of staining gastric biopsy and exfoliate samples from the gingival sulcus surface. The participants did not take any antimicrobial medication before and during the examination. Routine staining was also performed to view microbiota in smears for both groups. The participants signed a voluntary consent agreement to undergo routine medical examinations and join the study at the Nikiforov Russian Centre of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, EMERCOM of Russia, where the ethical committee was made. RESULTS Immunocytochemical method could identify all stages of bacillary-coccoid transformation of H. pylori which accounted for 63.4-67.5% of cases. HP-antigenpositive bacteria were found in the oral cavity in both groups of examined patients. It was apparent that spiral forms of H. pylori were dominant over coccoid forms in the gastric mucosa in the antrum of the stomach, whereas coccoid forms of H. pylori were frequently found more in the oral cavity. Helicobacteriosis in the oral cavity was identified in chronic periodontitis. CONCLUSION We found certain pathogenetic connections between inflammatory lesions of the oral cavity and diseases of the internal organs of the gastrointestinal tract. Accordingly, we suggest the necessity to use proper medication for oral cavity sanitation along with anti-Helicobacter eradication therapy to influence the HP reservoir in the oral cavity and gingival sulcus. Additionally, bacterial cells of HP reside in the oral cavity in coccoid forms; therefore, the coccoid form of HP should become the second principal target in treating HP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Gladyshev
- Federal State Institution Saint Petersburg Pasteur Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Maria Taame
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland (UEF), Kuopio, Finland
| | - Askhab Ibiliev
- S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Yuriy Grukhin
- Saint-Petersburg State Public Health Institution "City Clinical Hospital" No. 20, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
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14
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Alikhani M, Touati E, Karimipoor M, Vosough M, Mohammadi M. Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number Variations in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers: Potential Players. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 53:770-781. [PMID: 34486088 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-021-00707-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Alterations of mitochondria have been linked to several cancers. Also, the mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is altered in various cancers, including gastrointestinal tract (GIT) cancers, and several research groups have investigated its potential as a cancer biomarker. However, the exact causes of mtDNA-CN variations are not yet revealed. This review discussed the conceivable players in this scheme, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), mtDNA genetic variations, DNA methylation, telomere length, autophagy, immune system activation, aging, and infections, and discussed their possible impact in the initiation and progression of cancer. By further exploring such mechanisms, mtDNA-CN variations may be effectively utilized as cancer biomarkers and provide grounds for developing novel cancer therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Alikhani
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eliette Touati
- Unit of Helicobacter Pathogenesis, Department of Microbiology, CNRS UMR2001, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 Rue du Dr Roux cedex 15, 75724, Paris, France
| | - Morteza Karimipoor
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Mohammadi
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Wu H, Zhang J, Zhou B. Toothbrushing frequency and gastric and upper aerodigestive tract cancer risk: A meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13478. [PMID: 33349957 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Results of epidemiological studies evaluating the association between toothbrushing and gastric and upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancer risk showed inconsistent results. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between toothbrushing and gastric and UADT cancer risk and quantify the dose-response association between them. METHODS We searched the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases to identify relevant studies on toothbrushing and gastric and UADT cancer risk. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA 12.0 software. RESULTS A total of 30 studies of involving 1 194 017 participants met eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis using a random-effect model showed that the high frequency of toothbrushing was associated with significantly reduced risk of gastric and UADT cancers (OR: 0.55, 95% CI 0.46-0.64, P < .05). Our dose-response analysis presented that every increased toothbrushing per day might reduce oral cavity cancer risk by 6%, pharyngeal cancer risk by 11%, laryngeal cancer risk by 3%, oesophageal cancer risk by 6% and gastric cancer risk by 4%. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggested the negative relationship between frequency of toothbrushing and risk of gastric and UADT cancers. Toothbrushing may be a protective factor for gastric and UADT cancers. However, this association must be further validated through large prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huadong Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jinjia Zhang
- Department of General Practice, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Baojun Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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16
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Mazzoleni DS, Mazzoleni F, Mazzoleni LE, Francesconi CFDM, Milbradt TC, Uchoa DM, Birnfeld HR, Andrighetto LV, Ries SADS, Simon D, Talley NJ. Helicobacter pylori and other factors in recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A cross-sectional study. Oral Dis 2021; 28:390-397. [PMID: 33386646 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the role of Helicobacter pylori and other risk factors in recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). METHODS Patients with functional dyspepsia responded to questionnaires regarding demographic and clinical data, anxiety and depression, and a specific RAS questionnaire. They underwent upper digestive endoscopy and H. pylori evaluation. RESULTS 476 patients were included and of the 372 evaluated for H. pylori, 65.6% were H. pylori-positive. RAS was reported by 32.6% (155/476). In the bivariate analysis of the 372 patients evaluated for gastric H. pylori status, positive subjects had a lower RAS prevalence (29.9%; 73/244) than H. pylori-negative (41.4%; 53/128) (p = .026). Smoking (p = .005) and older age (p = .034) were also associated with a lower prevalence, while female gender (p = .032) and lower income (p = .046) presented higher RAS prevalence. In the multivariate analysis, H. pylori infection (p = .017), smoking (p = .001), and older age (p = .013) were protective factors, while lower income (p = .030) and anxiety (p = .042) were risk factors. In the multivariate analysis of all patients, female gender, lower income, and more schooling years were risk factors. CONCLUSIONS An unexpected lower prevalence of RAS was found in H. pylori-positive patients. Smoking, sex, age, income, education, and anxiety were associated with RAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Schebela Mazzoleni
- Graduate Program Sciences in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felipe Mazzoleni
- Graduate Program Sciences in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luiz Edmundo Mazzoleni
- Graduate Program Sciences in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carlos Fernando de Magalhães Francesconi
- Graduate Program Sciences in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tobias Cancian Milbradt
- Graduate Program Sciences in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Clinical Research Unit, Hospital Ernesto Dornelles, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Diego Mendonça Uchoa
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Luiza Vitelo Andrighetto
- Graduate Program Sciences in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Simon
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
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17
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Current Prevalence of Oral Helicobacter pylori among Japanese Adults Determined Using a Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay. Pathogens 2020; 10:pathogens10010010. [PMID: 33374353 PMCID: PMC7824695 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In Japan, gastric Helicobacter pylori infection prevalence has markedly decreased with socioeconomic development. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of oral H. pylori in Japanese adults in 2020 by sex, age, sampling site, and medical history. Unstimulated saliva, supragingival biofilm, and tongue coating were obtained from 88 subjects-with no complaints of upper digestive symptoms-attending a dentist's office for dental check-up or disorders. Supragingival biofilm was collected from the upper incisors, lower incisors, upper right molars and lower left molars to analyze the characteristic distribution. Oral H. pylori was detected using nested polymerase chain reaction. Oral H. pylori prevalence did not statistically differ by sex or age. Supragingival biofilm (30.7%) was the most common oral H. pylori niche; it was also detected in 4.5% of saliva and 2.3% of tongue samples. The lower incisor was the most common site among the supragingival biofilm samples, followed by the upper incisors, lower left molars, and upper right molars. Oral H. pylori DNA was frequently detected in patients with a history of gastric H. pylori infection. Oral H. pylori has a characteristic distribution independent of sex and age, suggesting that it is part of the normal microflora in the adult oral cavity.
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18
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Abstract
Background:Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic and debilitating oral pain of the normal oral mucosa. It mainly affects women in their fifth to seventh decade. Its aetiopathogenesis remains unclear and is probably of multifactorial origin, with increasing evidence that BMS may be a neuropathic disorder. BMS is classified as an idiopathic (nociplastic) orofacial pain with or without somatosensory changes by International Classification of Orofacial Pain (ICOP 2020). The diagnosis of BMS, having excluded ‘oral burning mouth symptoms’, has evolved from basic intraoral exclusion screening to extensive clinical and laboratory investigations, which include the screening of comorbidities and other chronic pains and somatosensory testing. There is no standardised treatment in managing BMS, but a proposed combination of supportive and pharmacological treatment has been recommended.Aim:To review the current concepts of BMS definitions, classifications, aetiopathogenesis, diagnosis techniques, and evidence-based treatments in managing BMS patients.Conclusion:As BMS is a diagnosis by exclusion, thus a stratified approach is required for assessment of patients presenting BMS. A BMS diagnosis protocol is desired using a standardised screening to distinguish BMS from patient’s presenting with ‘oral burning symptoms’, and evaluation of comorbid chronic pain disorders or other medical comorbidities, which will include haematological, fungal, salivary flow, and qualitative sensory testing. Axis II and other additional quantitative sensory testing may further elucidate the causes of this condition. For future BMS prediction and prevention, will be based upon research on the relationship between other chronic pain disorders and familial history, environmental and genetic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huann Lan Tan
- King’s College London, London, UK
- Dentistry, The National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tara Renton
- Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Science, King’s College London, London, UK
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19
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Al-Amad S. Helicobacter pylori and gastric hyperacidity, and their association with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 49:1599-1604. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Dentists Are at a Higher Risk for Oral Helicobacter pylori Infection. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3945189. [PMID: 32695813 PMCID: PMC7361889 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3945189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral cavity has been taken as one of the major reservoirs for Helicobacter pylori, the bacteria responsible for gastric infection and cancers. Dentists are frequently exposed to saliva; thus, theoretically, they are at a higher risk for oral H. pylori infection. In the present study, to test this hypothesis and to find out the potential factors associated with the increased risk, a cross-sectional study was carried out on a large scale of dentists (N = 90) and nondentist controls (N = 110). By using nested polymerase chain reaction to amplify a specific DNA fragment of H. pylori, we found 7.27% of saliva samples from the nondentist group and 16.67% of saliva samples from the dentist group were oral H. pylori positive, and the difference between groups was statistically significant (χ2 = 4.292, p = 0.038). Importantly, however, after stratifying enrolled subjects with factors which might interfere with the comparison of H. pylori detection rate between groups, we still observed a higher H. pylori frequency in the dentists than that in the controls in subgroups, including those with good individual hygiene, healthy lifestyle, and physical condition, as well as those living with families to be gastric disease free and not sharing meals with H. pylori-positive persons, respectively. Moreover, the frequency of clinical practice per week of the investigated dentists was closely associated with an oral H. pylori infection risk. Our data indicates that dentists are at a higher risk for H. pylori infection, and intensive attention needs to be paid on this issue.
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21
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Helicobacter pylori was not detected in oral squamous cell carcinomas from cohorts of Norwegian and Nepalese patients. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8737. [PMID: 32457404 PMCID: PMC7250879 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65694-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is an established causative agent for gastric cancer. Although the oral cavity is a part of the gastrointestinal system, the presence and possible causative role of HP in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a subject of controversy. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate HP infection in two cohorts of OSCC patients with different demographic characteristics, lifestyles and habitual risk factors. A total of 242 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded OSCC specimens from two different patient cohorts (Norway, n = 171 and Nepal, n = 71) were used to examine HP using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Two different HP specific genes (23S rRNA and ureA) were used for TaqMan-based qPCR, and for subsequent verification using HP specific RIDAGENE HP kit and SYBR Green based qPCR. All of the OSCC specimens from both cohorts were found to be negative for HP infection with IHC and qPCR, although the positive control specimens tested positive. Our findings suggest that HP is absent in the examined OSCC cohorts, irrespective of race, lifestyle and habitual risk factors. This indicates that, in contrast to gastric cancer, HP is an unlikely contributing factor for OSCC pathogenesis.
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22
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Lee K, Lee JS, Kim J, Lee H, Chang Y, Woo HG, Kim J, Song T. Oral health and gastrointestinal cancer: A nationwide cohort study. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47:796-808. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kijeong Lee
- Department of Neurology Department of Radiology Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Ji Sung Lee
- Clinical Research Center Asan Institute for Life Sciences Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Jinkwon Kim
- Department of Neurology Yongin Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Huisong Lee
- Department of Surgery Mokdong Hospital Ewha Womans University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Yoonkyung Chang
- Department of Neurology Mokdong Hospital Ewha Womans University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Ho Geol Woo
- Department of Neurology Seoul Hospital Ewha Womans University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Jin‐Woo Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
| | - Tae‐Jin Song
- Department of Neurology Seoul Hospital Ewha Womans University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
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23
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Wei X, Zhao HQ, Ma C, Zhang AB, Feng H, Zhang D, Liu C. The association between chronic periodontitis and oral Helicobacter pylori: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225247. [PMID: 31825954 PMCID: PMC6905540 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have shown that gastrointestinal Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the main cause of chronic gastritis, but the relation between oral H. pylori and chronic periodontitis (CP) remains uncertain. A meta-analysis of published papers was performed to elucidate the correlation between oral H. pylori and CP. METHOD To perform this meta-analysis, we searched papers published from 2000 to 2018 on PubMed, OVID, Springer Link, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Chinese Biology Medicine search engines. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the correlation between H. pylori and CP were estimated. Heterogeneity, publication bias and subgroup analyses were also conducted. RESULTS A total of 918 papers on oral H. pylori and CP were collected, and 11 papers were in accordance with the inclusion criteria. Oral H. pylori was suggested to be correlated with CP. The results indicated that a H. pylori-positive state significantly increased the risk of CP 3.42 times (OR = 3.42; 95% CI = 2.71-4.31). A diagnostic test using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed a higher prevalence of H. pylori (OR = 3.70; 95% CI = 2.66-5.14) than did that using the rapid urease test (RUT) (OR = 3.13; 95% CI = 2.26-4.34). CONCLUSIONS This paper demonstrated that CP was potentially correlated with oral H. pylori in adults and that oral H. pylori may be a possible risk factor for CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wei
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hua-Qiang Zhao
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chuan Ma
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ao-Bo Zhang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hao Feng
- School of Stomatology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, NHFPC (Shandong University), Jinan, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, NHFPC (Shandong University), Jinan, China
- * E-mail:
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Oral Microbiota Composition and Antimicrobial Antibody Response in Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7120636. [PMID: 31805744 PMCID: PMC6955784 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7120636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common disease of the oral mucosa, and it has been recently associated with bacterial and fungal dysbiosis. To study this link further, we investigated microbial shifts during RAS manifestation at an ulcer site, in its surroundings, and at an unaffected site, compared with healed mucosa in RAS patients and healthy controls. We sampled microbes from five distinct sites in the oral cavity. The one site with the most pronounced differences in microbial alpha and beta diversity between RAS patients and healthy controls was the lower labial mucosa. Detailed analysis of this particular oral site revealed strict association of the genus Selenomonas with healed mucosa of RAS patients, whereas the class Clostridia and genera Lachnoanaerobaculum, Cardiobacterium, Leptotrichia, and Fusobacterium were associated with the presence of an active ulcer. Furthermore, active ulcers were dominated by Malassezia, which were negatively correlated with Streptococcus and Haemophilus and positively correlated with Porphyromonas species. In addition, RAS patients showed increased serum levels of IgG against Mogibacterium timidum compared with healthy controls. Our study demonstrates that the composition of bacteria and fungi colonizing healthy oral mucosa is changed in active RAS ulcers, and that this alteration persists to some extent even after the ulcer is healed.
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Gupta AA, Kheur S, Raj AT, Mahajan P. Association of Helicobacter pylori with oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:13-23. [PMID: 31707627 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03125-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess any potential association between Helicobacter pylori and oral squamous cell carcinoma/oral potentially malignant disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data mining was done using PubMed, Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS databases. The search included articles published up to May 2019. Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to score the quality of the included articles. Data including the type of study, the sample population, the type of oral lesion, and the resulting statistical data were extracted. RESULTS Out of 131 screened articles, only 15 articles fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Among the 15 studies, 9 focused on oral squamous cell carcinoma and 6 focused on oral potentially malignant disorders. Eight out of the 9 oral squamous cell carcinoma studies were included in the meta-analysis. Forest plot was generated using the odds ratio and confidence intervals calculated for each of the included studies. Due to the lack of sufficient studies, the meta-analysis was not performed for oral potentially malignant disorders. CONCLUSION Due to the contradictory results of the included studies, it was not possible to make any conclusive statement on the potential association of H. pylori with oral squamous cell carcinoma. The variations in the methodology, especially the differences in the sensitivity/specificity of the diagnostic modalities could be the cause for differential results. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Although the association of H. pylori with oral squamous cell carcinoma could not be confirmed, it is vital to reduce the excess oral microbial load, especially in patients exhibiting oral mucosal changes with no history of associated risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana A Gupta
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, 411041, India.
| | - Supriya Kheur
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, 411041, India
| | - A Thirumal Raj
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Thalambur, Chennai, 600130, India
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Chen Z, Cai J, Chen YM, Wei J, Li HB, Lu Y, Zhou Z, Chen XL. A meta-analysis of the association between the presence of Helicobacter pylori and periodontal diseases. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15922. [PMID: 31145357 PMCID: PMC6708948 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the association between the presence of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) and periodontal disease (PD). METHODS PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched to identify eligible articles published from inception up to April 2018. Further articles were retrieved through a manual search of recent reviews. Cross-sectional studies, case-control studies and cohort studies reporting the association between H pylori and PD were included. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and their 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. RESULTS Four case-control studies and nine cross-sectional studies were included. A total of 6800 patients were included in this review. The odds for oral H pylori positivity was 2.31 times (95% CI: 1.99-2.68) greater than those without H pylori. Subgroup analyses involving different study locations, designs, and types of study population showed the similar results. The pooled OR for the gastric disease patients was the largest (3.50, 95% CI: 2.22-5.53, five articles). Stomach H pylori was also significantly associated with PD, with OR 2.90 (95% CI: 1.37-6.14, two articles). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis supports an association between H pylori and PD. More well-designed studies, especially prospective cohort studies are necessary to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiarong Cai
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
| | | | | | - Hui-biao Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Zhengyang Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, TX, USA
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Tongtawee T, Wattanawongdon W, Simawaranon T. Effects of periodontal therapy on eradication and recurrence of Helicobacter pylori infection after successful treatment. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:875-883. [PMID: 30616462 PMCID: PMC6381484 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518816158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the effects of periodontal therapy on the efficacy of Helicobacter pylori eradication and on the recurrence of infection after eradication. METHODS We conducted a prospective randomized trial on 698 gastric H. pylori-infected patients, of whom 347 received gastric H. pylori treatment alone and 342 received gastric H. pylori treatment plus periodontal therapy. The presence of H. pylori and associated virulence genes were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS After eradication of gastric H. pylori infection, the recurrence of gastric H. pylori was significantly lower in the gastric H. pylori treatment plus periodontal therapy group than in the group receiving gastric H. pylori treatment alone (OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.45 to 0.99), whereas the eradication rate was not significantly different (OR 0.87; 95% CI 0.68 to 0.98). There was a close relationship between the presence of H. pylori in saliva and its presence in the stomach. CONCLUSIONS The oral cavity is an important reservoir for gastric H. pylori infection. Adjunctive periodontal therapy could enhance the efficiency of H. pylori treatment and reduce the recurrence of gastric H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taweesak Tongtawee
- 1 Department of Surgery, Institute of Medicine, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.,2 Suranaree University of Technology Hospital, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Wareeporn Wattanawongdon
- 1 Department of Surgery, Institute of Medicine, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Theeraya Simawaranon
- 1 Department of Surgery, Institute of Medicine, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
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PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS OF EXPERIMENTAL GINGIVITIS PROGRESSION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE. WORLD OF MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.26724/2079-8334-2019-1-67-187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Adachi K, Notsu T, Mishiro T, Yoshikawa H, Kinoshita Y. Influence of Helicobacter pylori infection on periodontitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 34:120-123. [PMID: 29932231 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The relationship of Helicobacter pylori infection with periodontitis was examined. METHODS The study subjects were 686 individuals (males 504, females 182; mean age 53.8 years) who underwent a screening test for periodontitis between April 2015 and March 2018 and whose H. pylori infection status could be determined. The periodontitis test was performed by examining saliva concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase and hemoglobin (Hb), with a lactate dehydrogenase level ≥ 350 U/L and/or hemoglobin level ≥ 2 μg/mL defined as positive for periodontitis. RESULTS Among subjects found positive in screening for periodontitis, those classified as negative and positive for H. pylori infection, as well as post-eradicated were 81 (39.7%), 30 (14.7%), and 93 (45.6%), respectively, while those among subjects shown negative for periodontitis numbered 241 (50.0%), 52 (10.8%), and 189 (39.2%), respectively. Subjects noted as negative, positive, and post-eradicated for H. pylori infection comprised 25.2%, 36.6%, and 32.9%, respectively, of all shown positive for periodontitis. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the risk for positive in the periodontitis test was higher among subjects with H. pylori infection as compared with those without, while post-eradicated status tended to reduce that risk. Repeated examinations performed following H. pylori eradication showed that the number of subjects positive for periodontitis was decreased among those who underwent successful eradication. CONCLUSION Helicobacter pylori infection increases the risk for occurrence of periodontitis, which can be reduced by successful eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoichi Adachi
- Health Center, Shimane Environment and Health Public Corporation, Matsue, Japan
| | - Takumi Notsu
- Health Center, Shimane Environment and Health Public Corporation, Matsue, Japan
| | - Tomoko Mishiro
- Health Center, Shimane Environment and Health Public Corporation, Matsue, Japan
| | | | - Yoshikazu Kinoshita
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
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Alagl AS, Abdelsalam M, El Tantawi M, Madi M, Aljindan R, Alsayyah A, AlHumaid J, Hussameddin AM, Alsulaiman RM, AlQurain A. Association between Helicobacter pylori gastritis and dental diseases: A cross-sectional, hospital-based study in Eastern Saudi Arabia. J Periodontol 2018; 90:375-380. [PMID: 30411353 DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is inconsistent evidence about the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and dental diseases with possible effect of environmental factors. The aims of the study were to assess (1) the association between gastric and oral H. pylori colonization and (2) the association between oral colonization of H. pylori and dental diseases. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in King Fahad University hospital in Khobar, Eastern Saudi Arabia in 2017. Patients admitted to the Endoscopy Unit were recruited and clinically examined for plaque, decayed teeth (D), filled teeth (F), missing teeth (M), periodontal pocket depth (PPD), attachment loss (AL), and gingival bleeding in addition to assessing their age, gender, education, tooth brushing, flossing, and tobacco use with a questionnaire. Pooled dental plaque samples were collected and analyzed using nested polymerase chain reaction PCR to detect oral H. pylori. Gastroscopy was used to extract biopsies to assess gastritis and the presence of gastric H. pylori using Giemsa stain. Regression analysis was used to assess differences between patients with and without gastritis, oral H. pylori and gastric H. pylori in the percentage of sites with gingival bleeding, PPD, CAL, D, M, and F with adjustment for confounders. RESULTS One hundred twenty patients were included. Most of them brushed daily (82.6%) and had university education (45.7%). Of these, 34.2% had gastric H. pylori and 5% had oral H. pylori. No significant association was observed between the percentage of sites with gingival bleeding, mean PPD, AL, F, and either gastritis, the presence of oral or gastric H. pylori. Patients with gastritis had significantly higher number of D and M than patients without gastritis (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS In this study, the presence of gastric and oral H. pylori in patients with good oral hygiene and moderate socioeconomic status is not significantly associated with periodontal diseases. Patients with gastritis tend to have a higher number of decayed and missing teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Alagl
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Abdelsalam
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - M El Tantawi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Madi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Aljindan
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Alsayyah
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - J AlHumaid
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - A M Hussameddin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, King Fahd Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - R M Alsulaiman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, King Fahd Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - A AlQurain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, King Fahd Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Guessoum M, Guechi Z, Adnane M. First-time serological and molecular detection of Helicobacter pylori in milk from Algerian local-breed cows. Vet World 2018; 11:1326-1330. [PMID: 30410241 PMCID: PMC6200577 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.1326-1330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The present study was conducted to detect and identify Helicobacter pylori within local cow breeds in the central region of Algeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred (n=200) cows from three provinces of the central region of Algeria were studied, between January 2016 and September 2017. Each cow was subject to stool, milk, and blood sampling. Milk and fecal samples were used to detect and identify H. pylori using bacteriology culture method. Blood and milk samples were used to detect H. pylori immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Polymerase chain reaction was used to confirm the abundance of H. pylori in milk by detecting glmM gene. RESULTS Out of 200 sera and 200 milk samples, 12% (24) and 4% (8/200) were positive for the H. pylori IgG antibody. glmM gene was detected in the milk of 13% of cows and was confirmed in all cows presenting IgG in milk. CONCLUSION From the present study, we concluded that the glmM gene is an important marker for detecting H. pylori in milk. Moreover, Algerian local-breed cows are a source of H. pylori and could be responsible for serious zoonosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Guessoum
- Department of Pre-Clinical Medicine, High National Veterinary School, BP161 El-Harrach, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Zehor Guechi
- Department of Microbiology, Central Laboratory of Clinical Biology, University Hospital Center of Nafisa Hamoud (Parnet), Hussein Dey, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Mounir Adnane
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Tiaret, Algeria
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Shi T, Min M, Sun C, Zhang Y, Liang M, Sun Y. Periodontal disease and susceptibility to breast cancer: A meta-analysis of observational studies. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 45:1025-1033. [PMID: 29974484 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While some individual studies have suggested an association between periodontal disease and breast cancer, there has not been a formal meta-analysis that collates the existing evidence supporting the hypothesis that periodontal disease leads to a higher risk of developing breast cancer. Accordingly, this meta-analysis was conducted. METHODS Relevant studies published until April 2018 were retrieved and were screened according to established inclusion criteria. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association between periodontal disease and the risk of breast cancer and fixed effect models were used according to the results of the heterogeneity test. RESULTS Eight studies, involving 168,111 individuals, were identified as having explored the association between periodontal disease and breast cancer. Summary estimates in view of adjusted data showed that periodontal disease did increase susceptibility to breast cancer (RR = 1.18, 95%CI: 1.11-1.26, I2 = 17.6%), with robust results confirmed by sensitivity analysis. CONCLUSION Our results provided evidence of a modest positive association between periodontal disease and breast cancer. Implementation of practical measures to prevent and treat periodontal disease is of great public health significance. Moreover, additional studies are recommended to explore this topic in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Min Min
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chenyu Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mingming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yehuan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Center for Evidence-Based Practice, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Phage display-derived antibody fragments against conserved regions of VacA toxin of Helicobacter pylori. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:6899-6913. [PMID: 29862446 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9068-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori may result in the emergence of gastric adenocarcinoma. Among various toxins assisting pathogenesis of H. pylori, the vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) is one of the most potent toxins known as the major cause of the peptic ulcer and gastric adenocarcinoma. To isolate single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) against two conserved regions of VacA, we capitalized on the phage display technology and a solution-phase biopanning (SPB). Characterization of scFvs was carried out by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunoblotting, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Bioinformatics analyses were also performed in order to characterize the structural and functional properties of the isolated scFvs and the interaction(s) between the isolated antibodies (Ab)-antigen (Ag). After four rounds of biopanning, the positive colonies detected by scFv ELISA were harvested to extract the plasmids and perform sequencing. Of several colonies, three colonies showed high affinity to the VacA1 and two colonies for the VacA2. Further complementary examinations (e.g., sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), western blot, SPR, and flow cytometry) displayed the high affinity and specificity of the isolated scFvs to the VacA. Docking results revealed the interaction of the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) with the VacA peptide. In conclusion, for the first time, we report on the isolation of several scFvs against conserved residues of VacA toxin with high affinity and specificity, which may be used as novel diagnostic/therapeutic tool in the H. pylori infection.
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Ansari SA, Iqbal MUN, Khan TA, Kazmi SU. Association of oral Helicobacter pylori with gastric complications. Life Sci 2018; 205:125-130. [PMID: 29763614 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study was aimed to identify the presence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) genes in oral mucosa and find out their relationship between oral H. pylori infection and gastric complications. METHODS This study is a case control study consists of 567 subjects with periodontal infection (278 gastric complication cases and 289 controls normal gastric intestinal mucosa) with age range of 20-80 years. Oral health status was recorded by calculating oral hygiene index (OHI), probing depths (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL). Each participant provided gastric biopsy and plaque samples which were subjected to H. pylori detection. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with different primers specifically β globulin, 16SrRNA, babA, cagA, ureA, ureC and vacA gene was performed which were then analyzed using gel electrophoresis. RESULTS No significant differences (χ2 = 11.873, p value > 0.05) were observed between oral H. pylori and gastric infections/complications. However, H. pylori increase the risk of developing gastro-esophageal reflux grade II (OR = 1.458, 95%CI = 0.659-3.226), normal upper GIT mucosa with lax esophageal sphincters (OR = 1.215, 95%CI = 0.285-5.181) and duodenal ulcer/duodenitis (OR = 2.187, 95%CI = 0.225-21.278). This study also showed a significant increased risk of gastritis with babA gene. CONCLUSION Oral pathogenic H. pylori genes may enhance the severity of the gastric infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia A Ansari
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dow Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Taseer A Khan
- Department of Physiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shahana U Kazmi
- Immunology and Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Španěl P, Smith D. What is the real utility of breath ammonia concentration measurements in medicine and physiology? J Breath Res 2018; 12:027102. [PMID: 28972201 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/aa907f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Much effort continues to be devoted to the development of devices to analyse breath ammonia with the anticipation that breath ammonia analyses will be useful in clinical practice. In this perspective we refer to the analytical techniques that have been used to measure breath ammonia, focusing on selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry, SIFT-MS, of which we have special knowledge and understanding. From the collected data obtained using the different techniques, we exam the origins of mouth- and nose-exhaled ammonia and conclude that mouth-exhaled ammonia is always elevated above a concentration that would be equilibrated with blood ammonia and is largely produced by the action of enzymes on salivary urea. Support to this conclusion is given by the reasonable correlation between blood urea concentration and mouth-exhaled ammonia concentration. Further, it is discussed that nose-exhaled ammonia largely originates at the alveolar interface and so its concentration more closely relates to the expected alveolar blood ammonia concentration. Ingestion of proteins results in increased blood/saliva urea and ultimately mouth-exhaled ammonia as does the generation of urease by H. pylori infection. It is also concluded that when mouth-exhaled ammonia is elevated then it may be due to either abnormally high blood urea, a high pH of the saliva/mouth/airways mucosa, poor oral hygiene or a combinations of these.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Španěl
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czechia
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Rajendra K, Purnachandra SM, Patel PC, Cota J, Singh VR, Vatsal A. A Clinical and Microbiological Evaluation of Helicobacter pylori in Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017; 18:1194-1197. [PMID: 29208798 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to evaluate the association of Helicobacter pylori in recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) with or without peptic ulcer. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 42 patients were selected for the present study from outpatient Department of Oral Medicine, and divided into control (group I) and test groups (groups II, III). A total number of 15 patients suffering from RAS based on history and clinical examination was selected as group II. A total number of 12 patients suffering concomitantly from RAS and duodenal ulcer based on history and clinical examination were selected as group III. A total number of 15 healthy subjects were selected as controls in group I. All selected subjects belonged to the age group of 16 to 45 years. Data were tabulated and statistically analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical software version 19 of IBM, Chicago, Illinois, USA. RESULTS Among all three groups, 54.8% was negative and 45.2% was positive for H. pylori. No significant relation was established between H. pylori and RAS. CONCLUSION In the present study, there was no association of H. pylori in patients with RAS and in patients with RAS along with gastric ulcers. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This clinical study evaluated the relation of H. pylori in RAS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamala Rajendra
- Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, ESI-Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science & Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka India, e-mail:
| | - Sadananda M Purnachandra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, KGF College of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Kolar Gold Fields, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Jochima Cota
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Forensic Dentistry, Betalbatim, Goa, India
| | - Venkat R Singh
- Department of Preventive & Community Dentistry, Dental College, India
| | - Ankur Vatsal
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Education & Advance Studies (IDEAS), Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Yee JKC. Are the view of Helicobacter pylori colonized in the oral cavity an illusion? Exp Mol Med 2017; 49:e397. [PMID: 29170474 PMCID: PMC5704198 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Urea breath test (UBT), as a leading preferred non-invasive diagnostic technology, but may not be able to detect oral H. pylori. With negative results of UBT, the patient may have an oral infection. On the basis of the fact of success, eradication rate may increase by 21% in the 95% Cl range after the elimination of oral H. pylori, the author believes oral H. pylori does exist and the oral cavity is the second colonized site aside its primary site of the stomach. H. pylori migrated out of Africa along with its human host circa 60 000 years ago; they are not lives in stomach only. In this review article, evidence established in recent years studies with use more appropriate technology had been listed and discussed. The author considers the oral cavity is a black hole for H. pylori infection that significant effective on gastroenterology and another medical field. The role of the oral cavity as the source of H. pylori infection is so controvert in past years. It seems like a human being having a second-time face to discover H. pylori in the history.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K C Yee
- Research Lab of Oral H pylori, Everett, WA, USA
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Cheng Q, Parvin B. Buckyballs conjugated with nucleic acid sequences identifies microorganisms in live cell assays. J Nanobiotechnology 2017; 15:78. [PMID: 29121930 PMCID: PMC5679147 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-017-0315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid identification of bacteria can play an important role at the point of care, evaluating the health of the ecosystem, and discovering spatiotemporal distributions of a bacterial community. We introduce a method for rapid identification of bacteria in live cell assays based on cargo delivery of a nucleic acid sequence and demonstrate how a mixed culture can be differentiated using a simple microfluidic system. METHODS C60 Buckyballs are functionalized with nucleic acid sequences and a fluorescent reporter to show that a diversity of microorganisms can be detected and identified in live cell assays. The nucleic acid complexes include an RNA detector, targeting a species-specific sequence in the 16S rRNA, and a complementary DNA with an attached fluorescent reporter. As a result, each bacterium can be detected and visualized at a specific emission frequency through fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS The C60 probe complexes can detect and identify a diversity of microorganisms that include gram-position and negative bacteria, yeast, and fungi. More specifically, nucleic-acid probes are designed to identify mixed cultures of Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus sanguinis, or Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The efficiency, cross talk, and accuracy for the C60 probe complexes are reported. Finally, to demonstrate that mixed cultures can be separated, a microfluidic system is designed that connects a single source-well to multiple sinks wells, where chemo-attractants are placed in the sink wells. The microfluidic system allows for differentiating a mixed culture. CONCLUSIONS The technology allows profiling of bacteria composition, at a very low cost, for field studies and point of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsu Cheng
- Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Bahram Parvin
- Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.
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Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori vacA Genotypes and cagA Gene in Dental Plaque of Asymptomatic Mexican Children. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4923640. [PMID: 29226140 PMCID: PMC5687131 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4923640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The variability in Helicobacter pylori vacA and cagA genes has been related to the progression of the gastrointestinal disease; also the presence of H. pylori in the oral cavity has been associated with periodontal disease in adults, but, in children without dyspeptic symptoms, little is known about this. We evaluated the prevalence of H. pylori and the presence of vacA/cagA genotypes in the oral cavity of Mexican children without dyspeptic symptoms. The gingival status was measured, and dental plaque samples (n = 100) were taken. 38% of children were positive for H. pylori 16S rRNA gene by qPCR. A significant association between H. pylori oral infection and gingival status was observed (P < 0.001). In 34.6% (9/26) of mild gingivitis cases, s1m2 genotype was found, while s1m1 was typed in 50% (3/6) of moderate gingivitis. The cagA prevalence among H. pylori-positive children was 80.8% (21/26), 83.3% (5/6), and 16.7% (1/6) of cases of mild gingivitis, moderate gingivitis, and nongingivitis, respectively (P < 0.001). The s1m1/cagA+ combinational genotype was the most detected in children with gingivitis. Our results suggest that the prevalence of H. pylori and detection of vacA/cagA genotypes-associated gastrointestinal disease in the oral cavity could be related to the progression of gingivitis in asymptomatic children.
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Xingqun C, Xin X, Xuedong Z. [Relationship between oral and gut microbes]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2017; 35:322-327. [PMID: 28675020 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oral cavity and gut are important parts of the human digestive tract. The structure and pathogenesis of oral and gut microbial communities have been extensively investigated. The interaction and pathogenic effects of oral and gut microbiota have also been widely explored. This review aimed to integrate data from literature and discuss the structures and functions of microbial communities in the oral cavity and gut. The mutual colonization and pathogenesis of oral and gut microbes and the relationship between these phenomena and involved systemic diseases are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xingqun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xu Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhou Xuedong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Nowroozilarki N, Jamshidi S, Zahraei Salehi T, Kolahian S. Identification of Helicobacter and Wolinella spp. in Oral Cavity of Toy Breed Dogs With Periodontal Disease. Top Companion Anim Med 2017; 32:96-99. [PMID: 29291776 DOI: 10.1053/j.tcam.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are the most common oral cavity infectious diseases in adult dogs. We aimed in this study to identify Helicobacter and Wolinella spp. in saliva and dental plaque of dogs with periodontitis. Sixty-two small-breed pet dogs, aged more than 6 years from both sexes, were categorized into healthy and periodontitis groups. Samples from saliva and dental plaques were collected, and Helicobacter and Wolinella were identified on genus and species levels using polymerase chain reaction. Our results showed significant increase in infection rate of Wolinella spp. in periodontitis compared with healthy dogs (P = .002). Furthermore, infection rate of Helicobacter genus was significantly higher in periodontitis compared with healthy dogs (P = .007). Infection with Wolinella spp. showed higher rate than Helicobacter spp. in dogs with periodontitis. According to species-specific polymerase chain reaction results, Helicobacter felis (9.76%) was the main Helicobacter spp. in dogs with periodontitis compared with healthy dogs (P < .001). Oral cavity of pet dogs with periodontitis could be considered as an important source of Wolinella and Helicobacter spp. infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Nowroozilarki
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shahram Jamshidi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taghi Zahraei Salehi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Kolahian
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology and ICePhA, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Medina ML, Medina MG, Merino LA. Correlation between virulence markers of Helicobacter pylori in the oral cavity and gastric biopsies. ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2017; 54:217-221. [PMID: 28724047 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-2803.201700000-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The clinical outcome of Helicobacter pylori infection has been associated with virulence factors. The presence of these factors is useful as molecular markers in the identification of the high risk for developing severe gastric pathologies. OBJECTIVE: To correlate the presence of virulence markers cagA and bab2A of H. pylori in oral and gastric biopsy samples. METHODS: An observational, prospective, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was carried out between September 2011 and September 2012. Patients suffering dyspepsia with indication for upper gastrointestinal video endoscopy who attended the Gastroenterology Service of the Hospital Dr. Julio C. Perrando were included. Epidemiological investigation was completed. To detect the bacteria and their virulence genes, samples of saliva, dental plaque and gastric biopsy were taken and processed by PCR. RESULTS: Sixty-one patients were selected for this study (30 women and 31 men). H. pylori was detected in 31 gastric biopsies and 31 oral samples. Significant difference between oral and gastric samples was found in cagA genotype. Agreement between oral and gastric genotypes was found in 38.7% of samples from the same patient. CONCLUSION: This study is the first in provide information about the genotypes of the Argentinean Northeast H. pylori strains. Despite the high prevalence of H. pylori infection, the most of patients had less virulent genotypes in oral cavity and gastric tissue. The cagA / babA2 combination was not frequent in the samples studied. There was not a statistical correlation between the virulence genes and gastroduodenal or oral diseases. Although in some patients the same genotype was found both in oral and gastric samples, it cannot be ensure that they corresponding to the same strain because a DNA sequencing was not performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Lucrecia Medina
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Pediátrico Dr. Avelino Castelán, Resistencia, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Gabriel Medina
- Area de Medicina Tropical, Instituto de Medicina Regional, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Resistencia, Argentina
| | - Luis Antonio Merino
- Area de Bacteriología, Instituto de Medicina Regional, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Resistencia, Argentina
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Molecular Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori in Dental Plaque among Jordanians; A Probable Source for Infection and Treatment Failure. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.11.1.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Validity of Salivary Polymerase Chain Reaction in Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Among Egyptian Patients. INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE 2017. [DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0000000000000460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kazanowska-Dygdała M, Duś I, Radwan-Oczko M. The presence of Helicobacter pylori in oral cavities of patients with leukoplakia and oral lichen planus. J Appl Oral Sci 2016; 24:18-23. [PMID: 27008253 PMCID: PMC4775005 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720150203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most common bacterial infections in men. This gastrointestinal pathogen is closely related to gastritis, peptic ulcers, and the increased risk of gastric cancer. Numerous studies have indicated oral cavities as possible Helicobacter pylori reservoirs. Helicobacter pylori has been detected both in supragingival and subgingival plaques, and also in saliva. In addition, the relationship between lesions of oral mucosa and the presence of H. pylori has been evaluated and described in some studies. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of Helicobacter pylori DNA in the oral cavity of patients with oral leukoplakia and oral lichen planus. Material and Methods The study included 54 patients with oral leukoplakia, 72 with oral lichen planus lesions, and 40 healthy controls. The presence of Helicobacter pylori in oral cavity samples was analyzed using a single-step Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. All patients underwent a periodontal examination and the following clinical parameters were collected: pocket depth, bleeding, and plaque indexes. The periodontal status was assessed using the Offenbacher classification. Results In most patients, pathological lesions were in typical sites on the buccal mucosa (leukoplakia in 88%, and oral lichen planus in 93% of patients). The DNA of the Helicobacter pylori was present in 20% of patients with leukoplakia and 23% of patients with lichen planus. We did not find the DNA of H. pylori in healthy controls. The periodontal status described by periodontal indices was worse in the investigated group than in the control group. Conclusion These findings suggest that the H. pylori presence in oral cavities may be related with leukoplakia and lichen planus oral lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irena Duś
- Unit of Oral Pathology, Department of Periodontology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Radwan-Oczko
- Unit of Oral Pathology, Department of Periodontology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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Petrukhina NB, Zorina OA, Shikh EV, Shibaeva AV, Shevelev AB. [Study of mutual dependence of periodontal and colonic microbiome in health and pathology using NSG-sequencing]. STOMATOLOGII︠A︡ 2016; 95:8-13. [PMID: 27239990 DOI: 10.17116/stomat20169528-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
By using NGS-sequencing libraries of DNA from periodontal swabs with primers specific to V6 region of 16S rDNA prevalence of bacterial genera and species in periodontal and colonic microbiota of patients with periodontitis of different severity and healthy donors was analyzed. Hyper-colonization of the colon with Akkermansia muciniphila was found to be the most important maker of negative predisposition to periodontitis (t=133,7 at р=10(-6)). This result is in a good agreement with communications about positive impact of hyper-colonization of the colon with this species on type 2 diabetes, obesity, atopic dermatitis, and antibiotic-induced diarrhea associated with Clostridium dificile. Analysis of the periodontal protectors at the periodontium elucidated a number of close taxonomic relatives of the periodontal pathogens by Socransky, e.g. Aggregatibacter segnis and Aggregatibacter aphrophilus are closely related to Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Treponema vencentii is a relative of Treponema denticola; Prevotella baroniae, Prevotella salivae and Prevotella spp. are relatives of Prevotella intermedia; Campylobacter concisus is a relative of Campylobacter jejuni, causative agent of enterocolitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N B Petrukhina
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - O A Zorina
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Shikh
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Shibaeva
- Emanuel Biochemical Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia; Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Moscow, Russia
| | - A B Shevelev
- Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Moscow, Russia
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Alternativas sintomáticas en la aftosis oral recidivante. Med Clin (Barc) 2016; 147:133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2016.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Luo XF, Jiao JH, Zhang WY, Pu HM, Qu BJ, Yang BY, Hou M, Ji MJ. Establishment of a nested-ASP-PCR method to determine the clarithromycin resistance of Helicobacter pylori. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:5822-5830. [PMID: 27433095 PMCID: PMC4932217 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i25.5822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate clarithromycin resistance positions 2142, 2143 and 2144 of the 23SrRNA gene in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) by nested-allele specific primer-polymerase chain reaction (nested-ASP-PCR).
METHODS: The gastric tissue and saliva samples from 99 patients with positive results of the rapid urease test (RUT) were collected. The nested-ASP-PCR method was carried out with the external primers and inner allele-specific primers corresponding to the reference strain and clinical strains. Thirty gastric tissue and saliva samples were tested to determine the sensitivity of nested-ASP-PCR and ASP-PCR methods. Then, clarithromycin resistance was detected for 99 clinical samples by using different methods, including nested-ASP-PCR, bacterial culture and disk diffusion.
RESULTS: The nested-ASP-PCR method was successfully established to test the resistance mutation points 2142, 2143 and 2144 of the 23SrRNA gene of H. pylori. Among 30 samples of gastric tissue and saliva, the H. pylori detection rate of nested-ASP-PCR was 90% and 83.33%, while the detection rate of ASP-PCR was just 63% and 56.67%. Especially in the saliva samples, nested-ASP-PCR showed much higher sensitivity in H. pylori detection and resistance mutation rates than ASP-PCR. In the 99 RUT-positive gastric tissue and saliva samples, the H. pylori-positive detection rate by nested-ASP-PCR was 87 (87.88%) and 67 (67.68%), in which there were 30 wild-type and 57 mutated strains in gastric tissue and 22 wild-type and 45 mutated strains in saliva. Genotype analysis showed that three-points mixed mutations were quite common, but different resistant strains were present in gastric mucosa and saliva. Compared to the high sensitivity shown by nested-ASP-PCR, the positive detection of bacterial culture with gastric tissue samples was 50 cases, in which only 26 drug-resistant strains were found through analyzing minimum inhibitory zone of clarithromycin.
CONCLUSION: The nested-ASP-PCR assay showed higher detection sensitivity than ASP-PCR and drug sensitivity testing, which could be performed to evaluate clarithromycin resistance of H. pylori.
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Lou XJ, Shen LN, Chen J, Li L. Correlation of oral Helicobacter pylori infection with gastric Helicobacter pylori infection: Implications for eradication. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2016; 24:2918-2922. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v24.i18.2918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the correlation of oral Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection with gastric H. pylori infection as well as their eradication.
METHODS: One hundred and fifty patients underwent 14C-urea breath test (14C-UBT), gastric histological examination (modified Giemsa staining) and bacterial culture to determine the presence of gastric H. pylori infection or not. HPS method was used to determine the oral H. pylori infection. Eighty-one patients with both gastric and oral H. pylori infection were selected and randomly divided into two groups to receive either regimen A (conventional quadruple therapy) or B [conventional quadruple therapy + polylysine complex mouthwash (Di beisi) to clean the mouth]. Twenty-seven patients with gastric H. pylori infection but without oral H. pylori were treated with regimen A. After treatment for 4 wk and 12 wk, 14C-UBT and HPS were used to evaluate the eradication of gastric and oral H. pylori infection.
RESULTS: In the 150 patients included, the rate of oral H. pylori infection was significantly higher in patients with gastric H. pylori infection than in those without [75.00% (81/108) vs 38.10% (16/42), χ2 = 18.025, P < 0.05)]. After 4 wk of treatment with regimen A, the rate of eradication of gastric H. pylori infection was significantly lower in patients with oral H. pylori infection than in those without [60.98% (25/41) vs 88.89% (24/27), χ2 = 6.300, P < 0.05)]. For regimen B, the rates of eradication of gastric and oral H. pylori infection were 90% (36/40) and 65.00% (26/40), respectively, which were significantly higher than those treated with regimen A (60.98% and 17.07%, respectively, χ2 = 7.168, P < 0.05). The eradication rates for each group were similar between 12 wk and 4 wk.
CONCLUSION: Oral H. pylori infection correlates with gastric H. pylori infection, and the presence of oral H. pylori infection can reduce the H. pylori eradication rate by conventional therapy. Oral and gastric comprehensive treatment program can significantly increase the eradication rate of H. pylori infection.
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