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Zhang Q, Wu S, Chen Q, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Yin R, Ouyang Z, Wei Y. Reducing Oxidative Stress-Mediated Alcoholic Liver Injury by Multiplexed RNAi of Cyp2e1, Cyp4a10, and Cyp4a14. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1505. [PMID: 39062078 PMCID: PMC11274525 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of excessive drinking-related alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is rising, yet therapeutic options remain limited. High alcohol consumption and consequent oxidative metabolism by cytochrome P450 (CYP) can lead to extremely high levels of reactive oxygen species, which overwhelm cellular defenses and harm hepatocytes. Our previous investigations showed that inhibiting Cyp2e1 using RNA interference reduced the incidence of ALD. However, compensatory mechanisms other than CYP2E1 contribute to oxidative stress in the liver. Therefore, we coupled triple siRNA lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) targeting Cyp2e1 with two isoenzymes Cyp4a10 and Cyp4a14 to treat ALD mouse models fed with Lieber-Decarli ethanol liquid diet for 12 weeks at the early (1st week), middle (5th week), and late (9th week) stages. The administration of triple siRNA LNPs significantly ameliorated chronic alcoholic liver injury in mice, and early treatment achieved the most profound effects. These effects can be attributed to a reduction in oxidative stress and increased expression of antioxidant genes, including Gsh-Px, Gsh-Rd, and Sod1. Moreover, we observed the alleviation of inflammation, evidenced by the downregulation of Il-1β, Il-6, Tnf-α, and Tgf-β, and the prevention of excessive lipid synthesis, evidenced by the restoration of the expression of Srebp1c, Acc, and Fas. Finally, triple siRNA treatment maintained normal metabolism in lipid oxidation. In brief, our research examined the possible targets for clinical intervention in ALD by examining the therapeutic effects of triple siRNA LNPs targeting Cyp2e1, Cyp4a10, and Cyp4a14. The in vivo knockdown of the three genes in this study is suggested as a promising siRNA therapeutic approach for ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Q.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Shuang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Q.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Qiubing Chen
- Department of Urology, Frontier Science Centre for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yahong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Q.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Cai Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Q.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Runting Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Q.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Zhen Ouyang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Q.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Yuan Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Q.Z.); (S.W.)
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2
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Zare I, Zirak Hassan Kiadeh S, Varol A, Ören Varol T, Varol M, Sezen S, Zarepour A, Mostafavi E, Zahed Nasab S, Rahi A, Khosravi A, Zarrabi A. Glycosylated nanoplatforms: From glycosylation strategies to implications and opportunities for cancer theranostics. J Control Release 2024; 371:158-178. [PMID: 38782062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Glycosylated nanoplatforms have emerged as promising tools in the field of cancer theranostics, integrating both therapeutic and diagnostic functionalities. These nanoscale platforms are composed of different materials such as lipids, polymers, carbons, and metals that can be modified with glycosyl moieties to enhance their targeting capabilities towards cancer cells. This review provides an overview of different modification strategies employed to introduce glycosylation onto nanoplatforms, including chemical conjugation, enzymatic methods, and bio-orthogonal reactions. Furthermore, the potential applications of glycosylated nanoplatforms in cancer theranostics are discussed, focusing on their roles in drug delivery, imaging, and combination therapy. The ability of these nanoplatforms to selectively target cancer cells through specific interactions with overexpressed glycan receptors is highlighted, emphasizing their potential for enhancing efficacy and reducing the side effects compared to conventional therapies. In addition, the incorporation of diagnostic components onto the glycosylated nanoplatforms provided the capability of simultaneous imaging and therapy and facilitated the real-time monitoring of treatment response. Finally, challenges and future perspectives in the development and translation of glycosylated nanoplatforms for clinical applications are addressed, including scalability, biocompatibility, and regulatory considerations. Overall, this review underscores the significant progress made in the field of glycosylated nanoplatforms and their potential to revolutionize cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Zare
- Research and Development Department, Sina Medical Biochemistry Technologies Co., Ltd., Shiraz 7178795844, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Zirak Hassan Kiadeh
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ayşegül Varol
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tuğba Ören Varol
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kotekli Campus, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla TR48000, Turkiye
| | - Mehmet Varol
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kotekli Campus, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla TR48000, Turkiye
| | - Serap Sezen
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkiye; Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Atefeh Zarepour
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600 077, India
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Shima Zahed Nasab
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amid Rahi
- Pathology and Stem cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Arezoo Khosravi
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul 34959, Turkiye.
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Turkiye; Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 320315, Taiwan.
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3
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Chen F, Zhang W, Gao X, Yuan H, Liu K. The Role of Small Interfering RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Gastrointest Cancer 2024; 55:26-40. [PMID: 37432548 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-023-00911-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a primary liver cancer with high mortality, is the most common malignant tumor in the world. Currently, the effect of routine treatment is poor, especially for this kind of cancer with strong heterogeneity and late detection. In the past decades, the researches of gene therapy for HCC based on small interfering RNA have blossomed everywhere. This is a promising therapeutic strategy, but the application of siRNA is limited by the discovery of effective molecular targets and the delivery system targeting HCC. As the deepening of research, scientists have developed many effective delivery systems and found more new therapeutic targets. CONCLUSIONS This paper mainly reviews the research on HCC treatment based on siRNA in recent years, and summarizes and classifies the HCC treatment targets and siRNA delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Department of Biopharmaceutical, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Wang Zhang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xinran Gao
- Department of Biopharmaceutical, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Hui Yuan
- Department of Biopharmaceutical, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Kehai Liu
- Department of Biopharmaceutical, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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Valizadeh A, Asghari S, Abbaspoor S, Jafari A, Raeisi M, Pilehvar Y. Implantable smart hyperthermia nanofibers for cancer therapy: Challenges and opportunities. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1909. [PMID: 37258422 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanofibers (NFs) with practical drug-loading capacities, high stability, and controllable release have caught the attention of investigators due to their potential applications in on-demand drug delivery devices. Developing novel and efficient multidisciplinary management of locoregional cancer treatment through the design of smart NF-based systems integrated with combined chemotherapy and hyperthermia could provide stronger therapeutic advantages. On the other hand, implanting directly at the tumor area is a remarkable benefit of hyperthermia NF-based drug delivery approaches. Hence, implantable smart hyperthermia NFs might be very hopeful for tumor treatment in the future and provide new avenues for developing highly efficient localized drug delivery systems. Indeed, features of the smart NFs lead to the construction of a reversibly flexible nanostructure that enables hyperthermia and facile switchable release of antitumor agents to eradicate cancer cells. Accordingly, this study covers recent updates on applications of implantable smart hyperthermia NFs regarding their current scope and future outlook. This article is categorized under: Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Valizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samira Asghari
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saleheh Abbaspoor
- Chemical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Abbas Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mortaza Raeisi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Younes Pilehvar
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Wu WS, Cheng CC, Lee YH, Wei JL, Chen RF, Lin CF, You RI, Chen YC, Shih HM, Hu CT, Chang HH, Lee MC, Chen YC. Preclinical trial of targeting the Hic-5-mediated pathway to prevent the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:4903-4917. [PMID: 37970347 PMCID: PMC10636688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was ascribed to metastasis. Targeted therapy aiming at the molecules along the metastatic pathway is a promising therapeutic strategy. Among them, hydrogen peroxide inducible clone-5 (Hic-5) is highlighted. Hic-5, discovered as a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-inducible gene, was identified to be an adaptor protein in focal adhesion and a critical signaling mediator upregulated in various cancers including HCC. Moreover, Hic-5 may regulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) transcription factor Snail and its downstream mesenchymal genes including fibronectin and matrix metalloproteinase-9 required for migration and invasion of HCC. However, the comprehensive Hic-5-mediated pathway was not established and whether Hic-5 can be a target for preventing HCC progression has not been validated in vivo. Using whole-transcriptome mRNA sequencing, we found reactive oxygen species modulator (ROMO) and ZNF395 were upregulated by Hic-5 in a patient-derived HCC cell line, HCC372. Whereas ROMO was involved in Hic-5-mediated ROS signaling, ZNF395 locates downstream of Snail for mesenchymal genes expression required for cell migration. Also, ZNF395 but not ROMO was upregulated by Hic-5 for migration in another patient-derived HCC cell line, HCC374. Further, by in vivo knock down of Hic-5 using the Stable Nucleic Acids Lipid nanoparticles (SNALP)-carried Hic-5 siRNA, progression of HCC372 and HCC374 in SCID mice was prevented, coupled with the decrease of the downstream mesenchymal genes. Our study provides the preclinical evidence that targeting Hic-5 is potentially able to prevent the progression of HCCs with Hic-5 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Sheng Wu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationHualien 97004, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi UniversityHualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chu Cheng
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationHualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lee
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationHualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Ling Wei
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationHualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Rui-Fang Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationHualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Fang Lin
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationHualien 97004, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi UniversityHualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Ren-In You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi UniversityHualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chang Chen
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationHualien 97004, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi UniversityHualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Ming Shih
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia SinicaTaipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tan Hu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Research Centre for Hepatology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationHualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hou Chang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi UniversityHualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Che Lee
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Cheng Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationHualien 97004, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi UniversityHualien 97004, Taiwan
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6
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Pan Y, Wang Z, Xu S, Zhang L, Zhang W. Selective profiling of liver-related specific proteins based on sofosbuvir-modified magnetic separation material. ANAL SCI 2023; 39:313-323. [PMID: 36572835 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00238-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
It has great significance in profiling specific proteins throughout for better understanding of complex pathological processes and in-depth pharmacological studies. In this work, an efficient protein profiling strategy was developed based on the specific protein-drug interaction. Sofosbuvir (SOF), as a first-line drug for the treatment of hepatitis C, was modified onto the surface of nanoparticles through stable chemical bonds to fabricate a novel magnetic separation material denoted as Fe3O4@SiO2@PAA@SOF. With sequence coverage as the screening parameter, nine proteins were profiled from fetal bovine serum (FBS) of which eight were liver related. Similarly, the strategy was applied to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patient serum. Eight proteins were profiled and all of them were liver related, demonstrating the superb specificity and selectivity of this strategy for profiling liver-related proteins by virtue of protein-SOF interaction. When serum proteins from HCC patients were compared to those from healthy people, one unique differential protein (D3DQX7) was profiled, which was liver related and was a potential target for ameliorating liver diseases. For further research, this material design concept and protein profiling strategy can be extended to employ other drugs for corresponding studies. Sofosbuvir, as a therapeutic drug for liver diseases, was modified onto the surface of magnetic nanoparticles to fabricate the specific selective separation material (Fe3O4@SiO2@PAA@SOF). Based on protein-SOF interaction, the material was applied to adsorb specific proteins from different serum samples. After MS analysis, specific proteins, most of which were liver related, were successfully profiled from FBS and HCC patient serum, fully demonstrating the superb specificity and selectivity of this protein profiling strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yini Pan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Sen Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyi Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weibing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Giammona G, Drago SE, Calabrese G, Varvarà P, Rizzo MG, Mauro N, Nicotra G, Conoci S, Pitarresi G. Galactosylated Polymer/Gold Nanorods Nanocomposites for Sustained and Pulsed Chemo-Photothermal Treatments of Hepatocarcinoma. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112503. [PMID: 36432694 PMCID: PMC9696514 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a rational design of a hybrid nanosystem capable of locally delivering a high amount of hydrophobic anticancer drugs (sorafenib or lenvatinib) and heat (hyperthermia) in a remote-controlled manner. We combined in a unique nanosystem the excellent NIR photothermal conversion of gold nanorods (AuNRs) with the ability of a specially designed galactosylated amphiphilic graft copolymer (PHEA-g-BIB-pButMA-g-PEG-GAL) able to recognize hepatic cells overexpressing the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) on their membranes, thus giving rise to a smart composite nanosystem for the NIR-triggered chemo-phototherapy of hepatocarcinoma. In order to allow the internalization of AuNRs in the hydrophobic core of polymeric nanoparticles, AuNRs were coated with a thiolated fatty acid (12-mercaptododecanoic acid). The drug-loaded hybrid nanoparticles were prepared by the nanoprecipitation method, obtaining nanoparticles of about 200 nm and drug loadings of 9.0 and 5.4% w/w for sorafenib and lenvatinib, respectively. These multifunctional nanosystems have shown to convert NIR radiation into heat and release charged drugs in a remote-controlled manner. Then, the biocompatibility and synergistic effects of a chemo-phototherapy combination, as well the receptor-mediated internalization, were evaluated by an in vitro test on HepG2, HuH7, and NHDF. The results indicate that the proposed nanoparticles can be considered to be virtuous candidates for an efficient and selective dual-mode therapy of hepatocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Giammona
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Emanuele Drago
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanna Calabrese
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Varvarà
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Rizzo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Nicolò Mauro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nicotra
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-IMM) 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Sabrina Conoci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98168 Messina, Italy
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-IMM) 95121 Catania, Italy
- Department of Chemistry ‘‘Giacomo Ciamician’’, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Pitarresi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-091-23891954
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Ma J, Wang B, Shao H, Zhang S, Chen X, Li F, Liang W. Hydrogels for localized chemotherapy of liver cancer: a possible strategy for improved and safe liver cancer treatment. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:1457-1476. [PMID: 35532174 PMCID: PMC9090357 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2070299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The systemic drug has historically been preferred for the treatment of the majority of pathological conditions, particularly liver cancer. Indeed, this mode of treatment is associated with adverse reactions, toxicity, off-target accumulation, and rapid hepatic and renal clearance. Numerous efforts have been made to design systemic therapeutic carriers to improve retention while decreasing side effects and clearance. Following systemic medication, local administration of therapeutic agents allows for higher 'effective' doses with fewer side effects, kidney accumulation, and clearance. Hydrogels are highly biocompatible and can be used for both imaging and therapy. Hydrogel-based drug delivery approach has fewer side effects than traditional chemotherapy and can deliver drugs to tumors for a longer time. The chemical and physical flexibility of hydrogels can be used to achieve disease-induced in situ accumulation as well as subsequent drug release and hydrogel-programmed degradation. Moreover, they can act as a biocompatible depot for localized chemotherapy when stimuli-responsive carriers are administrated. Herein, we summarize the design strategies of various hydrogels used for localized chemotherapy of liver cancer and their delivery routes, as well as recent research on smart hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Ma
- Department of General Practice, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Bingzhu Wang
- Internal Medicine of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Haibin Shao
- Internal Medicine of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Songou Zhang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xiaozhen Chen
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Feize Li
- Internal Medicine of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Wenqing Liang
- Medical Research Center, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
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9
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Ladju RB, Ulhaq ZS, Soraya GV. Nanotheranostics: A powerful next-generation solution to tackle hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:176-187. [PMID: 35110943 PMCID: PMC8776531 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i2.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an epidemic burden and remains highly prevalent worldwide. The significant mortality rates of HCC are largely due to the tendency of late diagnosis and the multifaceted, complex nature of treatment. Meanwhile, current therapeutic modalities such as liver resection and transplantation are only effective for resolving early-stage HCC. Hence, alternative approaches are required to improve detection and enhance the efficacy of current treatment options. Nanotheranostic platforms, which utilize biocompatible nanoparticles to perform both diagnostics and targeted delivery, has been considered a potential approach for cancer management in the past few decades. Advancement of nanomaterials and biomedical engineering techniques has led to rapid expansion of the nanotheranostics field, allowing for more sensitive and specific diagnosis, real-time monitoring of drug delivery, and enhanced treatment efficacies across various malignancies. The focus of this review is on the applications of nanotheranostics for HCC. The review first explores the current epidemiology and the commonly encountered obstacles in HCC diagnosis and treatment. It then presents the current technological and functional advancements in nanotheranostic technology for cancer in general, and then specifically explores the use of nanotheranostic modalities as a promising option to address the key challenges present in HCC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rusdina Bte Ladju
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Zulvikar Syambani Ulhaq
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Maulana Malik Ibrahim Islamic State University, Malang 65151, Indonesia
- National Research and Innovation Agency, Central Jakarta 10340, Indonesia
| | - Gita Vita Soraya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
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10
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Bakrania A, Zheng G, Bhat M. Nanomedicine in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A New Frontier in Targeted Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2021; 14:41. [PMID: 35056937 PMCID: PMC8779722 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death and is associated with a dismal median survival of 2-9 months. The fundamental limitations and ineffectiveness of current HCC treatments have led to the development of a vast range of nanotechnologies with the goal of improving the safety and efficacy of treatment for HCC. Although remarkable success has been achieved in nanomedicine research, there are unique considerations such as molecular heterogeneity and concomitant liver dysfunction that complicate the translation of nanotheranostics in HCC. This review highlights the progress, challenges, and targeting opportunities in HCC nanomedicine based on the growing literature in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Bakrania
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada;
- Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada;
| | - Gang Zheng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada;
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Mamatha Bhat
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada;
- Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
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11
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Lee AR, Baek SM, Lee SW, Kim TU, Han JE, Bae S, Park SJ, Kim TH, Jeong KS, Choi SK, Park JK. Nuclear VEGFR-2 Expression of Hepatocytes Is Involved in Hepatocyte Proliferation and Liver Regeneration During Chronic Liver Injury. In Vivo 2021; 35:1473-1483. [PMID: 33910825 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The pathological role of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) in chronic liver injury and liver regeneration is not fully understood. This study analysed the role of VEGFR-2 in liver fibrosis and its regeneration process. MATERIALS AND METHODS We administered intraperitoneally 50 mg/kg to 300 mg/kg thioacetamide (TAA) to 9-week-old male mice for 17 weeks. We measured levels of VEGFR-2 protein and identified the location of cells that specifically express VEGFR-2. RESULTS VEGFR-2 is rarely expressed in normal hepatocytes. However, high VEGFR-2 expression in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells was noted in the TAA group. Conversely, the group that experienced regeneration from liver fibrosis showed significantly higher VEGFR-2 expression in the nucleus of hepatocytes compared to the other groups. CONCLUSION VEGFR-2 plays a pivotal role in the nucleus of hepatocytes during liver regeneration and VEGFR-2 may be closely related to cell division. Therefore, VEGFR-2 may be a new therapeutic target for liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Rang Lee
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Min Baek
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoung-Woo Lee
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Un Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Eun Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulgi Bae
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Joon Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Shik Jeong
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell Therapeutic Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Kyoon Choi
- Core Protein Resources Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyu Park
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; .,Stem Cell Therapeutic Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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12
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Jiang C, Cheng G, Liao M, Huang J. Individual or combined transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma: a time-to-event meta-analysis. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:81. [PMID: 33741001 PMCID: PMC7980330 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02188-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is still some debate as to whether transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is better than TACE or RFA alone. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of TACE plus RFA for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with RFA or TACE alone. Methods We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) for all relevant randomized controlled trials and retrospective studies reporting overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and complications of TACE plus RFA for HCC, compared with RFA or TACE alone. Results Twenty-one studies involving 3413 patients were included. TACE combined with RFA was associated with better OS (hazard ratio [HR]=0.62, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 0.55–0.71, P < 0.001) and RFS (HR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.39–0.69, P < 0.001) than TACE alone; compared with RFA alone, TACE plus RFA resulted in longer OS (HR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.53–0.75, P < 0.001) and RFS (HR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.51–0.71, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses by tumor size also showed that combined treatment resulted in better OS and RFS compared with RFA alone in patients with HCC larger than 3 cm. Combined treatment resulted in similar rate of major complications compared with TACE or RFA alone (OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 0.99–3.20, P = 0.05; OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.42–2.38, P = 1.00, respectively). Conclusions TACE combined with RFA was more effective for HCC than TACE alone. For patients with a tumor larger than 3 cm, the combined treatment also achieved a better effect than RFA alone. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12957-021-02188-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Jiang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Gong Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cadre Ward, Gansu Provincial Hospital, lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Mingheng Liao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiwei Huang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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13
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pH-Dependent Molecular Gate Mesoporous Microparticles for Biological Control of Giardia intestinalis. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13010094. [PMID: 33451061 PMCID: PMC7828499 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Giardiasis is a parasitism produced by the protozoa Giardia intestinalis that lives as trophozoite in the small intestine (mainly in the duodenum) attached to the intestinal villus by means of billed discs. The first line treatment is metronidazole, a drug with high bioavailability, which is why to obtain therapeutic concentrations in duodenum, it is necessary to administer high doses of drug to patients with the consequent occurrence of side effects. It is necessary to developed new therapeutical approaches to achieve a local delivery of the drug. In this sense, we have developed gated mesoporous silica microparticles loaded with metronidazole and with a molecular gate pH dependent. In vitro assays demonstrated that the metronidazole release is practically insignificant at acidic pHs, but in duodenum conditions, the metronidazole delivery from the microparticles is effective enough to produce an important parasite destruction. In vivo assays indicate that this microparticulate system allows to increase the concentration of the drug in duodenum and reduce the concentration in plasma avoiding systemic effects. This system could be useful for other intestinal local treatments in order to reduce doses and increase drug availability in target tissues.
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14
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Kumar V, Rahman M, Gahtori P, Al-Abbasi F, Anwar F, Kim HS. Current status and future directions of hepatocellular carcinoma-targeted nanoparticles and nanomedicine. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 18:673-694. [PMID: 33295218 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1860939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem worldwide. Conventional therapies covering either chemotherapy or combination therapy still have sub-optimal responses with significant adverse effects and toxicity. Moreover, tumor cells usually acquire resistance quickly for traditional approaches, limiting their use in HCC. Interest in nanomedicine due to minimal systemic toxicity and a high degree of target-specific drug-delivery have pulled the attention of health scientists in this area of therapeutics. AREA COVERED The review covers the incidence and epidemiology of HCC, proposed molecular drug targets, mechanistic approach and emergence of nanomedicines including nanoparticles, lipidic nanoparticles, vesicular-based nanocarrier, virus-like particles with momentous therapeutic aspects including biocompatibility, and toxicity of nanocarriers along with conclusions and future perspective, with an efficient approach to safely cross physiological barriers to reach the target site for treating liver cancer. EXPERT OPINION Remarkable outcomes have recently been observed for the therapeutic efficacy of nanocarriers with respect to a specific drug target against the treatment of HCC by existing under trial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kumar
- Natural Product Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad, India
| | - Mahfoozur Rahman
- Natural Product Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad, India
| | - Prashant Gahtori
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University Dehradun 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Fahad Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Firoz Anwar
- Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, 2066, Seobu-ro, Korea
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15
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Sun M, Lee J, Chen Y, Hoshino K. Studies of nanoparticle delivery with in vitro bio-engineered microtissues. Bioact Mater 2020; 5:924-937. [PMID: 32637755 PMCID: PMC7330434 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of engineered nanoparticles, including lipid nanoparticles, polymer nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, and biomimetic nanoparticles, have been studied as delivery vehicles for biomedical applications. When assessing the efficacy of a nanoparticle-based delivery system, in vitro testing with a model delivery system is crucial because it allows for real-time, in situ quantitative transport analysis, which is often difficult with in vivo animal models. The advent of tissue engineering has offered methods to create experimental models that can closely mimic the 3D microenvironment in the human body. This review paper overviews the types of nanoparticle vehicles, their application areas, and the design strategies to improve delivery efficiency, followed by the uses of engineered microtissues and methods of analysis. In particular, this review highlights studies on multicellular spheroids and other 3D tissue engineering approaches for cancer drug development. The use of bio-engineered tissues can potentially provide low-cost, high-throughput, and quantitative experimental platforms for the development of nanoparticle-based delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingze Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, 260 Glenbrook Rd, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Jinhyung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, 260 Glenbrook Rd, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Yupeng Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, 260 Glenbrook Rd, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Kazunori Hoshino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, 260 Glenbrook Rd, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
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16
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Malla RR, Kumari S, Kgk D, Momin S, Nagaraju GP. Nanotheranostics: Their role in hepatocellular carcinoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 151:102968. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.102968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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17
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SALMANOĞLU DS, ÇETİN UYANIKGİL EÖ. Metalik nanopartiküllerin hedeflendirilmesi. EGE TIP DERGISI 2020. [DOI: 10.19161/etd.698596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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18
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Baboci L, Capolla S, Di Cintio F, Colombo F, Mauro P, Dal Bo M, Argenziano M, Cavalli R, Toffoli G, Macor P. The Dual Role of the Liver in Nanomedicine as an Actor in the Elimination of Nanostructures or a Therapeutic Target. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:4638192. [PMID: 32184825 PMCID: PMC7060440 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4638192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of nanostructures for therapeutic purpose is rapidly growing, following the results obtained in vivo in animal models and in the clinical trials. Unfortunately, the potential therapeutic efficacy is not completely exploited, yet. This is mainly due to the fast clearance of the nanostructures in the body. Nanoparticles and the liver have a unique interaction because the liver represents one of the major barriers for drug delivery. This interaction becomes even more relevant and complex when the drug delivery strategies employing nanostructures are proposed for the therapy of liver diseases, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this case, the selective delivery of therapeutic nanoparticles to the tumor microenvironment collides with the tendency of nanostructures to be quickly eliminated by the organ. The design of a new therapeutic approach based on nanoparticles to treat HCC has to particularly take into consideration passive and active mechanisms to avoid or delay liver elimination and to specifically address cancer cells or the cancer microenvironment. This review will analyze the different aspects concerning the dual role of the liver, both as an organ carrying out a clearance activity for the nanostructures and as target for therapeutic strategies for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Baboci
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Sara Capolla
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Federica Di Cintio
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Federico Colombo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Prisca Mauro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Michele Dal Bo
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Monica Argenziano
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Paolo Macor
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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19
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Chi X, Liu K, Luo X, Yin Z, Lin H, Gao J. Recent advances of nanomedicines for liver cancer therapy. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:3747-3771. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02871d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights recent advancements in nanomedicines for liver cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Chi
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma
- Zhongshan Hospital
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361004
- China
| | - Kun Liu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, and Department of Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
| | - Xiangjie Luo
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, and Department of Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
| | - Zhenyu Yin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma
- Zhongshan Hospital
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361004
- China
| | - Hongyu Lin
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, and Department of Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
| | - Jinhao Gao
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, and Department of Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
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20
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Muhammad K, Zhao J, Ullah I, Guo J, Ren XK, Feng Y. Ligand targeting and peptide functionalized polymers as non-viral carriers for gene therapy. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:64-83. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01112a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ligand targeting and peptide functionalized polymers serve as gene carriers for efficient gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Muhammad
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- P. R. China
| | - Ihsan Ullah
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- P. R. China
| | - Jintang Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Xiang-kui Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Yakai Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
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21
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Li S, Li H, Xu X, Saw PE, Zhang L. Nanocarrier-mediated antioxidant delivery for liver diseases. Theranostics 2020; 10:1262-1280. [PMID: 31938064 PMCID: PMC6956819 DOI: 10.7150/thno.38834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver is the principal detoxifying organ and metabolizes various compounds that produce free radicals (FR) constantly. To maintain the oxidative/antioxidative balance in the liver, antioxidants would scavenge FR by preventing tissue damage through FR formation, scavenging, or by enhancing their decomposition. The disruption of this balance therefore leads to oxidative stress and in turn leads to the onset of various diseases. Supplying the liver with exogeneous antioxidants is an effective way to recreate the oxidative/antioxidative balance in the liver homeostasis. Nevertheless, due to the short half-life and instability of antioxidants in circulation, the methodology for delivering antioxidants to the liver needs to be improved. Nanocarrier mediated delivery of antioxidants proved to be an ingenious way to safely and efficiently deliver a high payload of antioxidants into the liver for circumventing liver diseases. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the role of reactive oxygen species (oxidant) and ROS scavengers (antioxidant) in liver diseases. Subsequently, current nanocarrier mediated antioxidant delivery methods for liver diseases are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senlin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, People's Republic of China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiru Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoding Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Phei Er Saw
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, People's Republic of China
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22
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer death globally, mainly due to lack of effective treatments – a problem that gene therapy is poised to solve. Successful gene therapy requires safe and efficient delivery vectors, and recent advances in both viral and nonviral vectors have made an important impact on HCC gene therapy delivery. This review explores how adenoviral, retroviral and adeno-associated viral vectors have been modified to increase safety and delivery capacity, highlighting studies and clinical trials using these vectors for HCC gene therapy. Nanoparticles, liposomes, exosomes and virosomes are also featured in their roles as HCC gene delivery vectors. Finally, new discoveries in gene editing technology and their impacts on HCC gene therapy are discussed.
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23
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Ghousein A, Mosca N, Cartier F, Charpentier J, Dupuy JW, Raymond AA, Bioulac-Sage P, Grosset CF. miR-4510 blocks hepatocellular carcinoma development through RAF1 targeting and RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signalling inactivation. Liver Int 2020; 40:240-251. [PMID: 31612616 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic outcomes using the multikinase inhibitors, sorafenib and regorafenib, remain unsatisfactory for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Thus, new drug modalities are needed. We recently reported the remarkable capacity of miR-4510 to impede the growth of HCC and hepatoblastoma through Glypican-3 (GPC3) targeting and Wnt pathway inactivation. METHODS To identify new targets of miR-4510, we used a label-free proteomic approach and reported down-regulation of RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase (RAF1) by miR-4510. Because the tumourigenic role of RAF1 in HCC is controversial, we further studied RAF1:miR-4510 interactions using cellular, molecular as well as functional approaches and a chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) xenograft model. RESULTS We found an increase in RAF1 protein in 59.3% of HCC patients and a specific up-regulation of its transcript in proliferative tumours. We showed that miR-4510 inactivates the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway and reduces the expression of downstream targets (ie c-Fos proto-oncogene [FOS]) through RAF1 direct targeting. At a cellular level, miR-4510 inhibited HCC cell proliferation and migration and induced senescence in part by lowering RAF1 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression. Finally, we confirmed the pro-tumoural function of RAF1 protein in HCC cells and its ability to sustain HCC tumour progression in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS In this work, we confirm that RAF1 acts as an oncogene in HCC and further demonstrate that miR-4510 acts as a strong tumour suppressor in the liver by targeting many proto-oncogenes, including GPC3 and RAF1, and subsequently controlling key biological and signalling pathways among which Wnt and RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicola Mosca
- Inserm, BMGIC, U1035, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Flora Cartier
- Inserm, BMGIC, U1035, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Jean-William Dupuy
- Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Bordeaux, Plateforme Proteome, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Liver Cancer: Current and Future Trends Using Biomaterials. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11122026. [PMID: 31888198 PMCID: PMC6966667 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11122026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common type of cancer diagnosed and the second leading cause of death worldwide. Despite advancement in current treatments for HCC, the prognosis for this cancer is still unfavorable. This comprehensive review article focuses on all the current technology that applies biomaterials to treat and study liver cancer, thus showing the versatility of biomaterials to be used as smart tools in this complex pathologic scenario. Specifically, after introducing the liver anatomy and pathology by focusing on the available treatments for HCC, this review summarizes the current biomaterial-based approaches for systemic delivery and implantable tools for locally administrating bioactive factors and provides a comprehensive discussion of the specific therapies and targeting agents to efficiently deliver those factors. This review also highlights the novel application of biomaterials to study HCC, which includes hydrogels and scaffolds to tissue engineer 3D in vitro models representative of the tumor environment. Such models will serve to better understand the tumor biology and investigate new therapies for HCC. Special focus is given to innovative approaches, e.g., combined delivery therapies, and to alternative approaches-e.g., cell capture-as promising future trends in the application of biomaterials to treat HCC.
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25
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Kamimura K, Yokoo T, Abe H, Terai S. Gene Therapy for Liver Cancers: Current Status from Basic to Clinics. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121865. [PMID: 31769427 PMCID: PMC6966544 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is a key organ for metabolism, protein synthesis, detoxification, and endocrine function, and among liver diseases, including hepatitis, cirrhosis, malignant tumors, and congenital disease, liver cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Conventional therapeutic options such as embolization and chemotherapy are not effective against advanced-stage liver cancer; therefore, continuous efforts focus on the development of novel therapeutic options, including molecular targeted agents and gene therapy. In this review, we will summarize the progress toward the development of gene therapies for liver cancer, with an emphasis on recent clinical trials and preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenya Kamimura
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-25-227-2207; Fax: +81-25-227-0776
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Nanomedicine as a putative approach for active targeting of hepatocellular carcinoma. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 69:91-99. [PMID: 31421265 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of chemotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is restricted by chemo-resistance and systemic side effects. To improve the efficacy and safety of chemotherapeutics in HCC management, scientists have attempted to deliver these drugs to malignant tissues using targeted carriers as nanoparticles (NPs). Among the three types of NPs targeting (active, passive, and stimuli-responsive), active targeting is the most commonly investigated in HCC treatment. Despite the observed promising results so far, clinical research on nanomedicine targeting for HCC treatment still faces many challenges.These include batch-to-batch physicochemical properties' variations, limiting large scale production and insufficient data on human and environmental toxicities. This review summarized the characteristics of different nanocarriers, ligands, targeted receptors on HCC cells and provided recommendations to overcome the challenges, facing this novel line of treatment for HCC.
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27
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Lee AR, Nam K, Lee BJ, Lee SW, Baek SM, Bang JS, Choi SK, Park SJ, Kim TH, Jeong KS, Lee DY, Park JK. Hepatic Cellular Distribution of Silica Nanoparticles by Surface Energy Modification. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153812. [PMID: 31387201 PMCID: PMC6696118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular distribution of silica nanoparticles (NPs) in the liver is not well understood. Targeting specific cells is one of the most important issues in NP-based drug delivery to improve delivery efficacy. In this context, the present study analyzed the relative cellular distribution pattern of silica NPs in the liver, and the effect of surface energy modification on NPs. Hydrophobic NP surface modification enhanced NP delivery to the liver and liver sinusoid fFendothelial cells (LSECs). Conversely, hydrophilic NP surface modification was commensurate with targeting hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) rather than other cell types. There was no notable difference in NP delivery to Kupffer cells or hepatocytes, regardless of hydrophilic or hydrophobic NP surface modification, suggesting that both the targeting of hepatocytes and evasion of phagocytosis by Kupffer cells are not associated with surface energy modification of silica NPs. This study provides useful information to target specific cell types using silica NPs, as well as to understand the relationship between NP surface energy and the NP distribution pattern in the liver, thereby helping to establish strategies for cell targeting using various NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Rang Lee
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Kibeom Nam
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Byeong Jun Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Seoung-Woo Lee
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Su-Min Baek
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Jun-Sun Bang
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Seong-Kyoon Choi
- Core Protein Resources Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Sang-Joon Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Histology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Kyu-Shik Jeong
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Stem Cell Therapeutic Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Dong Yun Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - Jin-Kyu Park
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
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Cockle Shell-Derived Calcium Carbonate (Aragonite) Nanoparticles: A Dynamite to Nanomedicine. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9142897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cockle shell is an external covering of small, salt water edible clams (Anadara granosa) that dwells in coastal area. This abundant biomaterial is hard, cheap and readily available with high content of calcium carbonate in aragonite polymorphic form. At present, cockle shell-derived calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CSCaCO3NPs) with dual applications has remarkably drawn significant attention of researchers in nanotechnology as a nanocarrier for delivery of different categories of drugs and as bone scaffold due to its beneficial potentials such as biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, pH sensitivity, slow biodegradation, hydrophilic nature and a wide safety margin. In addition, CSCaCO3NP possesses structural porosity, a large surface area and functional group endings for electrostatic ion bonds with high loading capacity. Thus, it maintains great potential in the drug delivery system and a large number of biomedical utilisations. The pioneering researchers adopted a non-hazardous top-down method for the synthesis of CSCaCO3NP with subsequent improvements that led to the better spherical diameter size obtained recently which is suitable for drug delivery. The method is therefore a simple, low cost and environmentally friendly, which involves little procedural steps without stringent temperature management and expensive hazardous chemicals or any carbonation methods. This paper presents a review on a few different types of nanoparticles with emphasis on the versatile most recent advancements and achievements on the synthesis and developments of CSCaCO3NP aragonite with its applications as a nanocarrier for drug delivery in nanomedicine.
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Samie HAA, Saeed M, Faisal SM, Kausar MA, Kamal MA. Recent Findings on Nanotechnology-based Therapeutic Strategies Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Curr Drug Metab 2019; 20:283-291. [DOI: 10.2174/1389200220666190308134351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Nanotechnology-based therapies are emerging as a promising new anticancer approach.
Early clinical studies suggest that nanoparticle-based therapeutics can show enhanced efficacy while reducing side
effects minimal, owing to targeted delivery and active intracellular uptake.
Methods:
To overcome the problems of gene and drug delivery, nanotechnology based delivery system gained interest
in the last two decades. Encouraging results from Nano formulation based drug delivery systems revealed that
these emerging restoratives can efficiently lead to more effective, targeted, selective and efficacious delivery of chemotherapeutic
agents to the affected target cells.
Results:
Nanotechnology not only inhibits targeted gene products in patients with cancer, but also taught us valuable
lessons regarding appropriate dosages and route of administrations. Besides, nanotechnology based therapeutics
holds remarkable potential as an effective drug delivery system. We critically highlight the recent findings on
nanotechnology mediated therapeutics strategies to combat hepatocellular carcinoma and discuss how nanotechnology
platform can have enhanced anticancer effects compared with the parent therapeutic agents they contain.
Conclusion:
In this review, we discussed the key challenges, recent findings and future perspective in the development
of effective nanotechnology-based cancer therapeutics. The emphasis here is focused on nanotechnology-based
therapies that are likely to affect clinical investigations and their implications for advancing the treatment of patients
with hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany A. Abdel Samie
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Al Minufya, Egypt
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Mohd Faisal
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India
| | - Mohd Adnan Kausar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A. Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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30
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England RM, Moss JI, Hill KJ, Elvevold K, Smedsrød B, Ashford MB. Evaluating liver uptake and distribution of different poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) modified lysine dendrimers following intravenous administration. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:3418-3424. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00385a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Residual charge and drug modification determine the cellular distribution in the liver for poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) modified lysine dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M. England
- Early Chemical Development
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D
- AstraZeneca
- Macclesfield
- UK
| | | | - Kathryn J. Hill
- Global Pharmaceutical Development
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Development
- Operations
- AstraZeneca
- Macclesfield
| | | | - Bård Smedsrød
- D'Liver AS
- NO-9294 Tromsø
- Norway
- Vascular Biology Research Group
- Department of Medical Biology
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31
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Hajiasgharzadeh K, Somi MH, Shanehbandi D, Mokhtarzadeh A, Baradaran B. Small interfering RNA-mediated gene suppression as a therapeutic intervention in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:3263-3276. [PMID: 30362510 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the lethal and difficult-to-cure cancers worldwide. Owing to the late diagnosis and drug resistance of malignant hepatocytes, treatment of this cancer by conventional chemotherapy agents is challenging, and researchers are seeking new alternative treatment options to overcome therapy resistance in this neoplasm. RNA interference (RNAi) is a potent and specific approach in targeting gene expression and has emerged as a novel therapeutic tool for many diseases, including cancers. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a type of RNAi that is produced intracellularly from exogenous synthetic oligonucleotides and can selectively knock down target gene expression in a sequence-specific manner. Various factors play roles in the initiation and progression of HCC and provide multiple candidate targets for siRNA intervention. In addition, due to the liver's unique architecture and availability of some hepatic siRNA delivery methods, this organ has received much more attention as a target tissue for such oligonucleotide action. Recent advances in designing nanoparticle systems for the in vivo delivery of siRNAs have markedly enhanced the potency of siRNA-mediated gene silencing under clinical development for HCC therapy. The utility of siRNAs as anti-HCC agents is the subject of the current review. siRNA-based gene therapies could be one of the main feasible approaches for HCC therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Hossein Somi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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32
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Zheng YF, Lu X, Zhang XY, Guan BG. The landscape of DNA methylation in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2631-2638. [PMID: 30145793 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Better understanding of the relationship between changes in the overall methylation status of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and disease progression will help us find good strategies for the early detection and treatment of HCC patients. The purpose of the study was to study the relations between the methylation status changes in HCC patients and progression of the disease to enable early detection and treatment of HCC patients. First, the DNA methylation data of 50 HCC samples and the surrounding normal samples were extracted and the change pattern of methylation status in the DNA promoter region of HCC samples against that of normal samples was studied. Then, some DNA methylation genes that could accurately identify cancer and cancer-adjacent tissues were identified using the k-top scoring pair method. Also, a prognostic signature that could predict the survival of HCC patients was constructed based on the overall survival time and death information of the early HCC patients. Finally, the obtained prognostic signature was verified. In conclusion, this study described the changes in the methylation spectrum during the development of HCC and identified genes associated with HCC progression and prognosis, which may offer new opportunities for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Fa Zheng
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojie Lu
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Zhang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Bu-Gao Guan
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Jinhu, Huai'an, China
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33
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Manatunga DC, de Silva RM, de Silva KMN, Malavige GN, Wijeratne DT, Williams GR, Jayasinghe CD, Udagama PV. Effective delivery of hydrophobic drugs to breast and liver cancer cells using a hybrid inorganic nanocarrier: A detailed investigation using cytotoxicity assays, fluorescence imaging and flow cytometry. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 128:18-26. [PMID: 29625162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was focused on developing a drug carrier system composed of a polymer containing hydroxyapatite (HAp) shell and a magnetic core of iron oxide nanoparticles. Doxorubicin and/or curcumin were loaded into the carrier via a simple diffusion deposition approach, with encapsulation efficiencies (EE) for curcumin and doxorubicin of 93.03 ± 0.3% and 97.37 ± 0.12% respectively. The co-loading of curcumin and doxorubicin led to a total EE of 76.02 ± 0.48%. Release studies were carried out at pH 7.4 and 5.3, and revealed a greater extent of release at pH 5.3, showing the formulations to have potential applications in tumor microenvironments. Cytotoxicity assays, fluorescence imaging and flow cytometry demonstrated that the formulations could effectively inhibit the growth of MCF-7 (breast) and HEpG2 (liver) cancer cells, being more potent than the free drug molecules both in terms of dose and duration of action. Additionally, hemolysis tests and cytotoxicity evaluations determined the drug-loaded carriers to be non-toxic towards non-cancerous cells. These formulations thus have great potential in the development of new cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rohini M de Silva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka.
| | - K M Nalin de Silva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka; Sri Lanka Institute of Nanotechnology (SLINTEC), Nanotechnology & Science Park, Mahenwatte, Pitipana, Homagama 10206, Sri Lanka
| | - Gathsaurie Neelika Malavige
- Center for Dengue Research, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Dulharie T Wijeratne
- Center for Dengue Research, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Gareth R Williams
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | | | - Preethi V Udagama
- Department of Zoology, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka
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34
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Varshney A, Panda JJ, Singh AK, Yadav N, Bihari C, Biswas S, Sarin SK, Chauhan VS. Targeted delivery of microRNA-199a-3p using self-assembled dipeptide nanoparticles efficiently reduces hepatocellular carcinoma in mice. Hepatology 2018; 67:1392-1407. [PMID: 29108133 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive tumor with limited systemic and locoregional modalities of treatment. Although microRNA (miRNA) based therapies have significant potential, their targeted delivery remains a major challenge. miR-199a-3p functions as an important tumor suppressor in HCC, which regulates various cellular processes. Recently, peptide-based nanoparticles (NPs) have been developed to deliver oligonucleotides including miRNA. Here, we describe the synthesis and characterization of arginine α,β-dehydrophenylalanine (RΔF) nanoparticles for the selective delivery of miR-199a-3p to restore dysregulated gene expression in HCC. Targeted delivery was achieved by conjugating lactobionic acid (LA) with RΔF NPs (RΔF-LA NPs), a ligand for the asialoglycoprotein receptor known to be overexpressed in HCC cell lines. RΔF-LA NPs condensed miR-199a-3p had an average size of ∼60nm and a zeta potential of ∼+2.54 mV. RΔF-LA/miR NPs were found to be stable in serum as well as against RNase attack. RΔF-LA/miR NPs showed an enhanced cellular uptake and an efficient delivery of miR-199a-3p leading to a significant increase in miR-199a-3p levels (over 500 fold). The increased miR-199a-3p levels remarkably suppressed cell proliferation and migration as well as induced cellular apoptosis and downregulation of the specific target gene (mTOR) in vitro. RΔF-LA/miR NPs showed high tumor/ low organ ratios after intravenous injection into HCC tumor bearing nude mice. RΔF-LA/miR NPs treated mice demonstrated>50% decline in tumor growth, which also corresponded well with suppression of mTOR protein expression, tumor cell proliferation and increased survival rate (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION RΔF-LA/miR NPs showed significantly enhanced delivery of the miRNA which underscores their potential for further development as a therapeutic approach for HCC. (Hepatology 2018;67:1392-1407).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Varshney
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jiban J Panda
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.,Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, India
| | - Avishek K Singh
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nitin Yadav
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Chhagan Bihari
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Subhrajit Biswas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India.,Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Noida, India
| | - Shiv K Sarin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India.,Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Virander S Chauhan
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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35
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Song HQ, Pan W, Li RQ, Yu B, Liu W, Yang M, Xu FJ. Rodlike Supramolecular Nanoassemblies of Degradable Poly(Aspartic Acid) Derivatives and Hydroxyl-Rich Polycations for Effective Delivery of Versatile Tumor-Suppressive ncRNAs. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:1703152. [PMID: 29280338 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201703152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The delivery of tumor-suppressive noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) including short ncRNAs (i.e., miRNAs) and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) is put forward to treat tumors. In this work, novel rodlike supramolecular nanoassemblies (CNC @CB[8] @ PGEA) of degradable poly(aspartic acid) (PAsp) derivatives-grafted cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and hydroxyl-rich polycations (ethanolamine-functionalized poly(glycidyl methacrylate), PGEA) are proposed via typical cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8])-based host-guest interactions for delivery of different ncRNAs to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Spindly CNCs, one kind of natural polysaccharide nanoparticles, possess good biocompatibility and unique physico-chemical properties. PGEA with abundant hydroxyl groups is one promising gene carrier with low cytotoxicity. PAsp can benefit the disassembly and degradability of nanoassemblies within cells. CNC @ CB[8]@PGEA combines the different unique properties of CNC, PGEA, and PAsp. CNC @ CB[8] @ PGEA effectively complexes the expression constructs of miR-101 (plasmid pc3.0-miR-101) and lncRNA MEG3 (plasmid pc3.0-MEG3). CNC @ CB[8] @ PGEA produces much better transfection performances than PGEA-containing assembly units. In addition, the codelivery system of CNC @ CB[8] @ PGEA/(pc3.0-MEG3+pc3.0-miR-101) nanocomplexes demonstrates better efficacy in suppressing HCC than CNC @ CB[8] @ PGEA/pc3.0-MEG3 or CNC @ CB[8] @ PGEA/pc3.0-miR-101 nanocomplexes alone. Such rodlike supramolecular nanoassemblies will provide a promising means to produce efficient delivery vectors of versatile tumor-suppressive nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Qing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 BeiSanhuan East Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wenting Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 BeiSanhuan East Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Rui-Quan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 BeiSanhuan East Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Bingran Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 BeiSanhuan East Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shangdong, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shangdong, China
| | - Fu-Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 BeiSanhuan East Road, Beijing, 100029, China
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Lu J, Wang J, Ling D. Surface Engineering of Nanoparticles for Targeted Delivery to Hepatocellular Carcinoma. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:1702037. [PMID: 29251419 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201702037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-associated deaths worldwide. There is a lack of efficient therapy for HCC; the only available first-line systemic drug, sorafenib, can merely improve the average survival by two months. Among the efforts to develop an efficient therapy for HCC, nanomedicine has drawn the most attention, owing to its unique features such as high drug-loading capacity, intrinsic anticancer activities, integrated diagnostic and therapeutic functionalities, and easy surface engineering with targeting ligands. Despite its tremendous advantages, no nanomedicine can be effective unless it successfully targets the tumor site, which is a challenging task. In this review, the features of HCC are described, and the physiological hurdles that prevent nanoparticles from targeting HCC are discussed. Then, the surface physicochemical factors of nanoparticles that can influence targeting efficiency are discussed. Finally, a thorough description of the physiological barriers that nanomedicine must conquer before uptake by HCC cells if possible is provided, as well as the surface engineering approaches to nanomedicine to achieve targeted delivery to HCC cells. The physiological hurdles and corresponding solutions summarized in this review provide a general guide for the rational design of HCC targeting nanomedicine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxiong Lu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Daishun Ling
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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37
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Rizvi SA, Saleh AM. Applications of nanoparticle systems in drug delivery technology. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:64-70. [PMID: 29379334 PMCID: PMC5783816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 591] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of nanoparticle-based drug formulations has yielded the opportunities to address and treat challenging diseases. Nanoparticles vary in size but are generally ranging from 100 to 500 nm. Through the manipulation of size, surface characteristics and material used, the nanoparticles can be developed into smart systems, encasing therapeutic and imaging agents as well as bearing stealth property. Further, these systems can deliver drug to specific tissues and provide controlled release therapy. This targeted and sustained drug delivery decreases the drug related toxicity and increase patient's compliance with less frequent dosing. Nanotechnology has proven beneficial in the treatment of cancer, AIDS and many other disease, also providing advancement in diagnostic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed A.A. Rizvi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Health Professions Division, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Ayman M. Saleh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Mail Code 6610, P. O. Box 9515, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
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38
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Ewe A, Höbel S, Heine C, Merz L, Kallendrusch S, Bechmann I, Merz F, Franke H, Aigner A. Optimized polyethylenimine (PEI)-based nanoparticles for siRNA delivery, analyzed in vitro and in an ex vivo tumor tissue slice culture model. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2017; 7:206-216. [PMID: 27334279 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-016-0306-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The non-viral delivery of small RNA molecules like siRNAs still poses a major bottleneck for their successful application in vivo. This is particularly true with regard to crossing physiological barriers upon systemic administration. We have previously established polyethylenimine (PEI)-based complexes for therapeutic RNA formulation. These nanoplexes mediate full RNA protection against nucleolytic degradation, delivery to target tissues as well as cellular uptake, intracellular release and therapeutic efficacy in preclinical in vivo models. We herein present data on different polyplex modifications for the defined improvement of physicochemical and biological nanoparticle properties and for targeted delivery. (i) By non-covalent modifications of PEI polyplexes with phospholipid liposomes, ternary complexes ("lipopolyplexes") are obtained that combine the favorable features of PEI and lipid systems. Decreased cytotoxicity and highly efficient delivery of siRNA is achieved. Some lipopolyplexes also allow prolonged storage, thus providing formulations with higher stability. (ii) Novel tyrosine modifications of low molecular weight PEI offer further improvement of stability, biocompatibility, and knockdown efficacy of resulting nanoparticles. (iii) For ligand-mediated uptake, the shielding of surface charges is a critical requirement. This is achieved by PEI grafting with polyethylene glycol (PEG), prior to covalent coupling of anti-HER1 antibodies (Erbitux®) as ligand for targeted delivery and uptake. Beyond tumor cell culture, analyses are extended towards tumor slice cultures from tumor xenograft tissues which reflect more realistically the in vivo situation. The determination of siRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous target genes, i.e., the oncogenic survival factor survivin and the oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase HER2, reveals nanoparticle penetration and biological efficacy also under intact tissue and stroma conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ewe
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Haertelstrasse 16 - 18, D-04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabrina Höbel
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Haertelstrasse 16 - 18, D-04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claudia Heine
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lea Merz
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sonja Kallendrusch
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ingo Bechmann
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Felicitas Merz
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Biophysics, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Heike Franke
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Achim Aigner
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Haertelstrasse 16 - 18, D-04107, Leipzig, Germany.
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Turato C, Balasso A, Carloni V, Tiribelli C, Mastrotto F, Mazzocca A, Pontisso P. New molecular targets for functionalized nanosized drug delivery systems in personalized therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Control Release 2017; 268:184-197. [PMID: 29051062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma, the most frequent solid tumor of the liver, has a very poor prognosis, being the second most common cause of death from cancer worldwide. The incidence and mortality of this liver tumor are increasing in most areas of the world as a consequence of aging and the emerging of new risk factors such as the metabolic syndrome, beside the recognized role of hepatitis B and C viral infections and alcohol abuse. Despite the increasing knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying hepatic carcinogenesis, effective therapeutic strategies are still an unmet clinical need. Efforts have been made to develop selective drugs as well as effective targeted drug delivery systems. The development of novel drug carriers for therapeutic molecules can indeed offer a valuable strategy to ameliorate the efficacy of HCC treatment. In this review, we discuss recent drug delivery strategies for HCC treatment based on the exploitation of targeted nanoparticles (NPs). Indeed, a few of these platforms have achieved an advanced stage of preclinical development. Here, we review the most promising drug nanovehicles based on both synthetic and natural polymers, including polysaccharides that have emerged for their biocompatibility and biodegradability. To maximize site-selectivity and therapeutic efficacy, drug delivery systems should be functionalized with ligands which can specifically recognize and bind targets expressed by HCC, namely cell membrane associated antigens, receptors or biotransporters. Cell surface and intracellular molecular targets are exploited either to selectively deliver drug-loaded nanovehicles or to design novel selective therapeutics. In conclusion, the combination of novel and safe drug delivery strategies based on site-specific targeted drug nanovehicles with therapeutic molecular targets may significantly improve the pharmacological efficacy for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Balasso
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Vinicio Carloni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Mastrotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Mazzocca
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
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Drug-eluting embolic microspheres for local drug delivery - State of the art. J Control Release 2017; 262:127-138. [PMID: 28710006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Embolic microspheres or beads used in transarterial chemoembolization are an established treatment method for hepatocellular carcinoma patients. The occlusion of the tumor-feeding vessels by intra-arterial injection of the beads results in tumor necrosis and shrinkage. In this short review, we describe the utility of using these beads as devices for local drug delivery. We review the latest advances in the development of non-biodegradable and biodegradable drug-eluting beads for transarterial chemoembolization. Their capability to load different drugs, such as chemotherapeutics and anti-angiogenic compounds with different physicochemical properties, like charge and hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, are discussed. We specifically address controlled and sustained drug release from the microspheres, and the resulting in vivo pharmacokinetics in the plasma vs. drug distribution in the targeted tissue.
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41
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), also called malignant hepatoma, is one of the deadliest cancers due to its complexities, reoccurrence after surgical resection, metastasis and heterogeneity. Incidence and mortality of HCC are increasing in Western countries and are expected to rise as a consequence of the obesity epidemic. Multiple factors trigger the initiation and progression of HCC including chronic alcohol consumption, viral hepatitis B and C infection, metabolic disorders and age. Although Sorafenib is the only FDA approved drug for the treatment of HCC, numerous treatment modalities such as transcatheter arterial chemoembolization/transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), radiotherapy, locoregional therapy and chemotherapy have been tested in the clinics. Polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, and micelles carrying small molecules, proteins, peptides and nucleic acids have attracted great attention for the treatment of various cancers including HCC. Herein, we discuss the pathogenesis of HCC in relation to its various recent treatment methodologies using nanodelivery of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), small molecules, miRNAs and peptides. Synopsis of recent clinical trials of mAbs and peptide drugs has been presented with a broad overview of the pathogenesis of the disease and treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinku Dutta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Ram I Mahato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States.
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42
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Martucci NM, Migliaccio N, Ruggiero I, Albano F, Calì G, Romano S, Terracciano M, Rea I, Arcari P, Lamberti A. Nanoparticle-based strategy for personalized B-cell lymphoma therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:6089-6101. [PMID: 27895482 PMCID: PMC5117954 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s118661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell lymphoma is associated with incomplete response to treatment, and the development of effective strategies targeting this disease remains challenging. A new personalized B-cell lymphoma therapy, based on a site-specific receptor-mediated drug delivery system, was developed in this study. Specifically, natural silica-based nanoparticles (diatomite) were modified to actively target the antiapoptotic factor B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 2 (Bcl2) with small interfering RNA (siRNA). An idiotype-specific peptide (Id-peptide) specifically recognized by the hypervariable region of surface immunoglobulin B-cell receptor was exploited as a homing device to ensure specific targeting of lymphoma cells. Specific nanoparticle uptake, driven by the Id-peptide, was evaluated by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy and was increased by approximately threefold in target cells compared with nonspecific myeloma cells and when a random control peptide was used instead of Id-peptide. The specific internalization efficiency was increased by fourfold when siRNA was also added to the modified nanoparticles. The modified diatomite particles were not cytotoxic and their effectiveness in downregulation of gene expression was explored using siRNA targeting Bcl2 and evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses. The resulting gene silencing observed is of significant biological importance and opens new possibilities for the personalized treatment of lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola M Martucci
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II of Naples, Naples
| | - Nunzia Migliaccio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II of Naples, Naples
| | - Immacolata Ruggiero
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II of Naples, Naples
| | - Francesco Albano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro
| | - Gaetano Calì
- Institute of Endocrinology and Molecular Oncology
| | - Simona Romano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II of Naples, Naples
| | - Monica Terracciano
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Rea
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Arcari
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II of Naples, Naples
| | - Annalisa Lamberti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II of Naples, Naples
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Li M, Zhang W, Wang B, Gao Y, Song Z, Zheng QC. Ligand-based targeted therapy: a novel strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:5645-5669. [PMID: 27920520 PMCID: PMC5127222 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s115727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Chemotherapy is recommended to patients with intermediate or advanced stage cancer. However, the conventional chemotherapy yields low desired response rates due to multidrug resistance, fast clearance rate, nonspecific delivery, severe side effects, low drug concentration in cancer cells, and so on. Nanoparticle-mediated targeted drug delivery system can surmount the aforementioned obstacles through enhanced permeability and retention effect and active targeting as a novel approach of therapeutics for HCC in recent years. The active targeting is triggered by ligands on the delivery system, which recognize with and internalize into hepatoma cells with high specificity and efficiency. This review focuses on the latest targeted delivery systems for HCC and summarizes the ligands that can enhance the capacity of active targeting, to provide some insight into future research in nanomedicine for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital
| | - Weiyue Zhang
- The First Clinic Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Birong Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Puai Hospital, Wuhan, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital
| | - Zifang Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital
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Yang J, Shimada Y, Olsthoorn RCL, Snaar-Jagalska BE, Spaink HP, Kros A. Application of Coiled Coil Peptides in Liposomal Anticancer Drug Delivery Using a Zebrafish Xenograft Model. ACS NANO 2016; 10:7428-35. [PMID: 27504667 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b01410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The complementary coiled coil forming peptides E4 [(EIAALEK)4] and K4 [(KIAALKE)4] are known to trigger liposomal membrane fusion when tethered to lipid vesicles in the form of lipopeptides. In this study, we examined whether these coiled coil forming peptides can be used for drug delivery applications. First, we prepared E4 peptide modified liposomes containing the far-red fluorescent dye TO-PRO-3 iodide (E4-Lipo-TP3) and confirmed that E4-liposomes could deliver TP3 into HeLa cells expressing K4 peptide on the membrane (HeLa-K) under cell culture conditions in a selective manner. Next, we prepared doxorubicin-containing E4-liposomes (E4-Lipo-DOX) and confirmed that E4-liposomes could also deliver DOX into HeLa-K cells. Moreover, E4-Lipo-DOX showed enhanced cytotoxicity toward HeLa-K cells compared to free doxorubicin. To prove the suitability of E4/K4 coiled coil formation for in vivo drug delivery, we injected E4-Lipo-TP3 or E4-Lipo-DOX into zebrafish xenografts of HeLa-K. As a result, E4-liposomes delivered TP3 to the implanted HeLa-K cells, and E4-Lipo-DOX could suppress cancer proliferation in the xenograft when compared to nontargeted conditions (i.e., zebrafish xenograft with free DOX injection). These data demonstrate that coiled coil formation enables drug selectivity and efficacy in vivo. It is envisaged that these findings are a step forward toward biorthogonal targeting systems as a tool for clinical drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry-Supramolecular and Biomaterial Chemistry, Leiden University , Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yasuhito Shimada
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University , Leiden 2311 EZ, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine , Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - René C L Olsthoorn
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry-Supramolecular and Biomaterial Chemistry, Leiden University , Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Herman P Spaink
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University , Leiden 2311 EZ, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Kros
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry-Supramolecular and Biomaterial Chemistry, Leiden University , Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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45
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Liu Y, Wu X, Gao Y, Zhang J, Zhang D, Gu S, Zhu G, Liu G, Li X. Aptamer-functionalized peptide H3CR5C as a novel nanovehicle for codelivery of fasudil and miRNA-195 targeting hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:3891-905. [PMID: 27574422 PMCID: PMC4990390 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s108128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the fifth most commonly diagnosed malignancy, of which hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents the dominating histological subtype. Antiangiogenic therapy aimed at vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has shown promising but deficient clinical prospects on account of vasculogenic mimicry, a highly patterned vascular channel distinguished from the endothelium-dependent blood vessel, which may function as blood supply networks occurring in aggressive tumors including HCC. In this study, we used a new cationic peptide, disulfide cross-linked stearylated polyarginine peptide modified with histidine (H3R5), as a reducible vector, cell penetrating peptide-modified aptamer (ST21) with specific binding to HCC cells to conjugate to peptide H3R5 as the targeting probe, miRNA-195 (miR195) as a powerful gene drug to inhibit VEGF, and fasudil to suppress vasculogenic mimicry by blocking ROCK2, all of which were simultaneously encapsulated in the same nanoparticles. Fasudil was loaded by ammonium sulfate-induced transmembrane electrochemical gradient and miR195 was condensed through electrostatic interaction. ST21-H3R5-polyethylene glycol (PEG) exhibited excellent loading capacities for both fasudil and miR195 with adjustable dosing ratios. Western blot analysis showed that (Fasudil)ST21-H3R5-PEGmiR195 had strong silencing activity of ROCK2 and VEGF, as compared with (Fasudil)H3R5-PEGmiR195. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that ST21-modified nanoparticles showed significantly higher cellular uptake and therapeutic efficacy in tumor cells or tumor tissues than the unmodified counterparts. These findings suggest that aptamer-conjugated peptide holds great promise for delivering chemical drugs and gene drugs simultaneously to overcome HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jigang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
| | - Shengying Gu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
| | - Guanhua Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
| | - Gaolin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
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Navarro SA, Carrillo E, Griñán-Lisón C, Martín A, Perán M, Marchal JA, Boulaiz H. Cancer suicide gene therapy: a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2016; 26:1095-104. [PMID: 27424657 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2016.1211640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer is considered the second leading cause of death worldwide despite the progress made in early detection and advances in classical therapies. Advancing in the fight against cancer requires the development of novel strategies, and the suicide gene transfer to tumor cells is providing new possibilities for cancer therapy. AREAS COVERED In this manuscript, authors present an overview of suicide gene systems and the latest innovations done to enhance cancer suicide gene therapy strategies by i) improving vectors for targeted gene delivery using tissue specific promoter and receptors; ii) modification of the tropism; and iii) combining suicide genes and/or classical therapies for cancer. Finally, the authors highlight the main challenges to be addressed in the future. EXPERT OPINION Even if many efforts are needed for suicide gene therapy to be a real alternative for cancer treatment, we believe that the significant progress made in the knowledge of cancer biology and characterization of cancer stem cells accompanied by the development of novel targeted vectors will enhance the effectiveness of this type of therapeutic strategy. Moreover, combined with current treatments, suicide gene therapy will improve the clinical outcome of patients with cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saúl Abenhamar Navarro
- a Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research , University of Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Esmeralda Carrillo
- a Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research , University of Granada , Granada , Spain.,b Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Granada , Granada , Spain.,c Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA) , University Hospitals of Granada-Univesity of Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Carmen Griñán-Lisón
- a Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research , University of Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Ana Martín
- a Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research , University of Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Macarena Perán
- d Department of Health Sciences , University of Jaén , Jaén , Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Marchal
- a Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research , University of Granada , Granada , Spain.,b Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Granada , Granada , Spain.,c Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA) , University Hospitals of Granada-Univesity of Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Houria Boulaiz
- a Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research , University of Granada , Granada , Spain.,b Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Granada , Granada , Spain.,c Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA) , University Hospitals of Granada-Univesity of Granada , Granada , Spain
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Ma DD, Yang WX. Engineered nanoparticles induce cell apoptosis: potential for cancer therapy. Oncotarget 2016; 7:40882-40903. [PMID: 27056889 PMCID: PMC5130051 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) have been widely applied in industry, commodities, biology and medicine recently. The potential for many related threats to human health has been highlighted. ENPs with their sizes no larger than 100 nm are able to enter the human body and accumulate in organs such as brain, liver, lung, testes, etc, and cause toxic effects. Many references have studied ENP effects on the cells of different organs with related cell apoptosis noted. Understanding such pathways towards ENP induced apoptosis may aid in the design of effective cancer targeting ENP drugs. Such ENPs can either have a direct effect towards cancer cell apoptosis or can be used as drug delivery agents. Characteristics of ENPs, such as sizes, shape, forms, charges and surface modifications are all seen to play a role in determining their toxicity in target cells. Specific modifications of such characteristics can be applied to reduce ENP bioactivity and thus alleviate unwanted cytotoxicity, without affecting the intended function. This provides an opportunity to design ENPs with minimum toxicity to non-targeted cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Ma
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wan-Xi Yang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Dostalova S, Cerna T, Hynek D, Koudelkova Z, Vaculovic T, Kopel P, Hrabeta J, Heger Z, Vaculovicova M, Eckschlager T, Stiborova M, Adam V. Site-Directed Conjugation of Antibodies to Apoferritin Nanocarrier for Targeted Drug Delivery to Prostate Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:14430-14441. [PMID: 27219717 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b04286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we describe a novel approach for targeting of ubiquitous protein apoferritin (APO)-encapsulating doxorubicin (DOX) to prostate cancer using antibodies against prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). The conjugation of anti-PSMA antibodies and APO was carried out using HWRGWVC heptapeptide, providing their site-directed orientation. The prostate-cancer-targeted and nontargeted nanocarriers were tested using LNCaP and HUVEC cell lines. A total of 90% of LNCaP cells died after treatment with DOX (0.25 μM) or DOX in nontargeted and prostate-cancer-targeted APO, proving that the encapsulated DOX toxicity for LNCaP cells remained the same. Free DOX showed higher toxicity for nonmalignant cells, whereas the toxicity was lower after treatment with the same dosage of APO-encapsulated DOX (APODOX) and even more in prostate-cancer-targeted APODOX. Hemolytic assay revealed exceptional hemocompatibility of the entire nanocarrier. The APO encapsulation mechanism ensures applicability using a wide variety of chemotherapeutic drugs, and the presented surface modification enables targeting to various tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Dostalova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno , Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology , Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Cerna
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Motol , V Uvalu 84/1, Prague 5 CZ-150 06, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague , Hlavova 2030/8, Prague 2 CZ-128 43, Czech Republic
| | - David Hynek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno , Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology , Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Koudelkova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno , Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology , Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Vaculovic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University , Kotlarska 2, Brno CZ-611 37, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kopel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno , Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology , Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hrabeta
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Motol , V Uvalu 84/1, Prague 5 CZ-150 06, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno , Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology , Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Vaculovicova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno , Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology , Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Eckschlager
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Motol , V Uvalu 84/1, Prague 5 CZ-150 06, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Stiborova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague , Hlavova 2030/8, Prague 2 CZ-128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno , Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology , Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
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Liu L, Wang H, Liu Q, Duan M, Dong X, Zhu D, Zhu Y, Leng X. Biodistribution of TAT-LHRH conjugated chitosan/DNA nanoparticles in the mice bearing hepatoma xenografts. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:2394-400. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lanxia Liu
- Lab of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Hai Wang
- Lab of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Gynecology; Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics; Tianjin 300100 China
| | - Mingli Duan
- Department of Stomatology; Tianjin First Central Hospital; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Xia Dong
- Lab of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Dunwan Zhu
- Lab of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Yingjun Zhu
- Department of Gynecology; Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics; Tianjin 300100 China
| | - Xigang Leng
- Lab of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Tianjin 300192 China
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Perez Ruiz de Garibay A. Endocytosis in gene therapy with non-viral vectors. Wien Med Wochenschr 2016; 166:227-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s10354-016-0450-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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