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Brockmueller A, Sajeev A, Koklesova L, Samuel SM, Kubatka P, Büsselberg D, Kunnumakkara AB, Shakibaei M. Resveratrol as sensitizer in colorectal cancer plasticity. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:55-85. [PMID: 37507626 PMCID: PMC11016130 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10126-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Despite tremendous medical treatment successes, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Chemotherapy as monotherapy can lead to significant side effects and chemoresistance that can be linked to several resistance-activating biological processes, including an increase in inflammation, cellular plasticity, multidrug resistance (MDR), inhibition of the sentinel gene p53, and apoptosis. As a consequence, tumor cells can escape the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents. This underscores the need for cross-target therapeutic approaches that are not only pharmacologically safe but also modulate multiple potent signaling pathways and sensitize cancer cells to overcome resistance to standard drugs. In recent years, scientists have been searching for natural compounds that can be used as chemosensitizers in addition to conventional medications for the synergistic treatment of CRC. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic phytoalexin found in various fruits and vegetables such as peanuts, berries, and red grapes, is one of the most effective natural chemopreventive agents. Abundant in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that resveratrol, in interaction with standard drugs, is an effective chemosensitizer for CRC cells to chemotherapeutic agents and thus prevents drug resistance by modulating multiple pathways, including transcription factors, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-plasticity, proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, cell cycle, and apoptosis. The ability of resveratrol to modify multiple subcellular pathways that may suppress cancer cell plasticity and reversal of chemoresistance are critical parameters for understanding its anti-cancer effects. In this review, we focus on the chemosensitizing properties of resveratrol in CRC and, thus, its potential importance as an additive to ongoing treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranka Brockmueller
- Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Pettenkoferstr. 11, D-80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Anjana Sajeev
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Lenka Koklesova
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 03601, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (Medbay), Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4, 03601, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (Medbay), Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Pettenkoferstr. 11, D-80336, Munich, Germany.
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Patel K, Bora V, Patel B. Sodium orthovanadate exhibits anti-angiogenic, antiapoptotic and blood glucose-lowering effect on colon cancer associated with diabetes. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2024; 93:55-70. [PMID: 37755518 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-023-04596-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of developing the colon cancer. The main objective of this study was to determine the role of sodium orthovanadate (SOV) in colon cancer associated with diabetes mellitus by targeting the competitive inhibition of PTP1B. METHODS For in vivo study, high fat diet with low dose streptozotocin model was used for inducing the diabetes mellitus. Colon cancer was induced by injecting 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (25 mg/kg, sc) twice a week. TNM staging and immunohistochemistry (IHC) was carried out for colon cancer tissues. In vitro studies like MTT assay, clonogenic assay, rhodamine-123 dye assay and annexin V-FITC assay using flow cytometry were performed on HCT-116 cell line. CAM assay was performed to examine the anti-angiogenic effect of the drug. RESULTS Sodium orthovanadate reduces the blood glucose level and tumor parameters in the animals. In vitro studies revealed that SOV decreased cell proliferation dose dependently. In addition, SOV induced apoptosis as depicted from rhodamine-123 dye assay and annexin V-FITC assay using flow cytometry as well as p53 IHC staining. SOV showed reduced angiogenesis effect on eggs which was depicted from CAM assay and also from CD34 and E-cadherin IHC staining. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that SOV exhibits protective role in colon cancer associated with diabetes mellitus. SOV exhibits anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic and apoptotic inducing effects hence can be considered for therapeutic switching in diabetic colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kruti Patel
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Vivek Bora
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Bhoomika Patel
- National Forensic Sciences University, Sector 9, Gandhinagar, 382007, Gujarat, India.
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MicroRNAs miR-584-5p and miR-425-3p Are Up-Regulated in Plasma of Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Patients: Targeting with Inhibitor Peptide Nucleic Acids Is Associated with Induction of Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010128. [PMID: 36612125 PMCID: PMC9817681 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy has dramatically changed cancer management in the last decade; however, despite the huge number of miRNA signatures available for diagnostic or prognostic purposes, it is still unclear if dysregulated miRNAs in the bloodstream could be used to develop miRNA-based therapeutic approaches. In one author's previous work, nine miRNAs were found to be dysregulated in early-stage colon cancer (CRC) patients by NGS analysis followed by RT-dd-PCR validation. In the present study, the biological effects of the targeting of the most relevant dysregulated miRNAs with anti-miRNA peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) were verified, and their anticancer activity in terms of apoptosis induction was evaluated. Our data demonstrate that targeting bloodstream up-regulated miRNAs using anti-miRNA PNAs leads to the down-regulation of target miRNAs associated with inhibition of the activation of the pro-apoptotic pathway in CRC cellular models. Moreover, very high percentages of apoptotic cells were found when the anti-miRNA PNAs were associated with other pro-apoptotic agents, such as sulforaphane (SFN). The presented data sustain the idea that the targeting of miRNAs up-regulated in the bloodstream with a known role in tumor pathology might be a tool for the design of protocols for anti-tumor therapy based on miRNA-targeting molecules.
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Efficacy of Wholistic Turmeric Supplement on Adenomatous Polyps in Patients with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis-A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122182. [PMID: 36553450 PMCID: PMC9777742 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that curcumin can cause the regression of polyps in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), while others have shown negative results. Wholistic turmeric (WT) containing curcumin and additional bioactive compounds may contribute to this effect. We performed a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial to assess the efficacy of WT in FAP patients. Ten FAP patients were randomly assigned to receive either WT or placebo for 6 months. Colonoscopies were performed at baseline and after 6 months. The polyp number and size, as well as the cumulative polyp burden, were assessed. No differences were noted between the groups in terms of changes from the baseline's polyp number, size, or burden. However, stratifying the data according to the right vs. left colon indicated a decrease in the median polyp number (from 5.5 to 1.5, p = 0.06) and polyp burden (from 24.25 mm to 11.5 mm, p = 0.028) in the left colon of the patients in the WT group. The adjusted left polyp number and burden in the WT arm were lower by 5.39 (p = 0.034) and 14.68 mm (p = 0.059), respectively. Whether WT can be used to reduce the polyp burden of patients with predominantly left-sided polyps remains to be seen; thus, further larger prospective trials are required.
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Chopra H, Bibi S, Islam F, Ahmad SU, Olawale OA, Alhumaydhi FA, Marzouki R, Baig AA, Emran TB. Emerging Trends in the Delivery of Resveratrol by Nanostructures: Applications of Nanotechnology in Life Sciences. JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS 2022; 2022:1-17. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/3083728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol (RES) is a stilbene group of natural polyphenolic compounds in trees, peanuts, and grapes. RES is revealed with anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective effects. Though it is proven with prominent therapeutic activity, low aqueous solubility, poor bioavailability, and short half-life had hindered its use to exploit the potential. Also, the first-pass metabolism and undergoing enterohepatic recirculation are obscure in the minds of researchers for their in vitro studies. Many approaches have been investigated and shown promising results in manipulating their physicochemical properties to break this barrier. Nanocarriers are one of them to reduce the first-pass metabolism and to overcome other hurdles. This article reviews and highlights such encapsulation technologies. Nanoencapsulated RES improves in vitro antioxidant effect, and this review also highlights the new strategies and the concept behind how resveratrol can be handled and implemented with better therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Chopra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Shabana Bibi
- Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091 Yunnan, China
- The International Joint Research Center for Sustainable Utilization of Cordyceps Bioresources in China and Southeast Asia, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091 Yunnan, China
| | - Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Syed Umair Ahmad
- Department of Bioinformatics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | | | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riadh Marzouki
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Atif Amin Baig
- Unit of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu 20400, Malaysia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
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Amintas S, Dupin C, Boutin J, Beaumont P, Moreau-Gaudry F, Bedel A, Krisa S, Vendrely V, Dabernat S. Bioactive food components for colorectal cancer prevention and treatment: A good match. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:6615-6629. [PMID: 35128990 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2036095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cancer worldwide, accounts for about 10% of the total cancer cases, and ranks as the second cause of death by cancer. CRC is more prevalent in developed countries in close causal relation with occidental diets. Due to anatomy, the diet has a strong impact on CRC. High contents in meat are acknowledged risk factors whereas a diet rich in fruits and vegetables is an established CRC protective factor. Fruits and vegetables contain numerous Bioactive Food Components (BFCs), physiologically active food compounds, beneficial on health. Preventive and therapeutic benefits of BFCs in cancer have increasingly been reported over the past 20 years. BFCs show both chemopreventive and anti-tumor properties in CRC but more interestingly, abundant research describes BFCs as enhancers of conventional cancer treatments. Despite these promising results, their clinical transferability is slowed down by bioavailability interrogations and their poorly understood hormetic effect. In this review, we would like to reposition BFCs as well-fitted for applications in CRC. We provide a synthetic overview of trustworthy BFC applications in CRC, with a special highlight on combinatory approaches and conventional cancer treatment potentiation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Amintas
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1312, BoRdeaux institute In onCology - BRIC, Bordeaux, France
- Tumor Biology and Tumor Bank Laboratory, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Charles Dupin
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1312, BoRdeaux institute In onCology - BRIC, Bordeaux, France
- Radiotherapy Department, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Julian Boutin
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1312, BoRdeaux institute In onCology - BRIC, Bordeaux, France
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Bordeaux. University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - François Moreau-Gaudry
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1312, BoRdeaux institute In onCology - BRIC, Bordeaux, France
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Bordeaux. University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Aurélie Bedel
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1312, BoRdeaux institute In onCology - BRIC, Bordeaux, France
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Bordeaux. University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Véronique Vendrely
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1312, BoRdeaux institute In onCology - BRIC, Bordeaux, France
- Radiotherapy Department, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandrine Dabernat
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1312, BoRdeaux institute In onCology - BRIC, Bordeaux, France
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Bordeaux. University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
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Ortega-Hernández E, Antunes-Ricardo M, Jacobo-Velázquez DA. Improving the Health-Benefits of Kales ( Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC) through the Application of Controlled Abiotic Stresses: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2629. [PMID: 34961097 PMCID: PMC8706317 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC) is a popular cruciferous vegetable originating from Central Asia, and is well known for its abundant bioactive compounds. This review discusses the main kale phytochemicals and emphasizes molecules of nutraceutical interest, including phenolics, carotenoids, and glucosinolates. The preventive and therapeutic properties of kale against chronic and degenerative diseases are highlighted according to the most recent in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies reported. Likewise, it is well known that the application of controlled abiotic stresses can be used as an effective tool to increase the content of phytochemicals with health-promoting properties. In this context, the effect of different abiotic stresses (saline, exogenous phytohormones, drought, temperature, and radiation) on the accumulation of secondary metabolites in kale is also presented. The information reviewed in this article can be used as a starting point to further validate through bioassays the effects of abiotically stressed kale on the prevention and treatment of chronic and degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Ortega-Hernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey, Nuevo León C.P. 64849, Mexico;
| | - Marilena Antunes-Ricardo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey, Nuevo León C.P. 64849, Mexico;
| | - Daniel A. Jacobo-Velázquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. General Ramón Corona 2514, Nuevo México, Zapopan, Jalisco C.P. 45138, Mexico
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Lee DY, Song MY, Kim EH. Role of Oxidative Stress and Nrf2/KEAP1 Signaling in Colorectal Cancer: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives with Phytochemicals. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:743. [PMID: 34067204 PMCID: PMC8151932 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer still has a high incidence and mortality rate, according to a report from the American Cancer Society. Colorectal cancer has a high prevalence in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Oxidative stress, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation, has been known to cause inflammatory diseases and malignant disorders. In particular, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-related protein 1 (KEAP1) pathway is well known to protect cells from oxidative stress and inflammation. Nrf2 was first found in the homolog of the hematopoietic transcription factor p45 NF-E2, and the transcription factor Nrf2 is a member of the Cap 'N' Collar family. KEAP1 is well known as a negative regulator that rapidly degrades Nrf2 through the proteasome system. A range of evidence has shown that consumption of phytochemicals has a preventive or inhibitory effect on cancer progression or proliferation, depending on the stage of colorectal cancer. Therefore, the discovery of phytochemicals regulating the Nrf2/KEAP1 axis and verification of their efficacy have attracted scientific attention. In this review, we summarize the role of oxidative stress and the Nrf2/KEAP1 signaling pathway in colorectal cancer, and the possible utility of phytochemicals with respect to the regulation of the Nrf2/KEAP1 axis in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea
| | - Moon-Young Song
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea
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El-Wetidy MS, Ahmad R, Rady I, Helal H, Rady MI, Vaali-Mohammed MA, Al-Khayal K, Traiki TB, Abdulla MH. Urolithin A induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by inhibiting Bcl-2, increasing p53-p21 proteins and reactive oxygen species production in colorectal cancer cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:473-493. [PMID: 33666815 PMCID: PMC8065090 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01189-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common gastrointestinal cancer globally. Prevention of tumor cell proliferation and metastasis is vital for prolonging patient survival. Polyphenols provide a wide range of health benefits and prevention from cancer. In the gut, urolithins are the major metabolites of polyphenols. The objective of our study was to elucidate the molecular mechanism of the anticancer effect of urolithin A (UA) on colorectal cancer cells. UA was found to inhibit the cell proliferation of CRC cell lines in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner in HT29, SW480, and SW620 cells. Exposure to UA resulted in cell cycle arrest in a dose-dependent manner along with alteration in the expression of cell cycle-related protein. Treatment of CRC cell lines with UA resulted in the induction of apoptosis. Treatment of HT29, SW480, and SW620 with UA resulted in increased expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins, p53 and p21. Similarly, UA treatment inhibited the anti-apoptotic protein expression of Bcl-2. Moreover, exposure of UA induced cytochrome c release and caspase activation. Furthermore, UA was found to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in CRC cells. These findings indicate that UA possesses anticancer potential and may be used therapeutically for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S El-Wetidy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11823, Egypt
- College of Medicine Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehan Ahmad
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 7805 (37), Riyadh, 11472, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Islam Rady
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11823, Egypt
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Hamed Helal
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11823, Egypt
| | - Mohamad I Rady
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11823, Egypt
| | - Mansoor-Ali Vaali-Mohammed
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 7805 (37), Riyadh, 11472, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khayal Al-Khayal
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 7805 (37), Riyadh, 11472, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer Bin Traiki
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 7805 (37), Riyadh, 11472, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha-Hamadien Abdulla
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 7805 (37), Riyadh, 11472, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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10
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El Joumaa MM, Taleb RI, Rizk S, Borjac JM. Protective effect of Matricaria chamomilla extract against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colorectal cancer in mice. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 17:jcim-2019-0143. [PMID: 32229665 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2019-0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health problem, with almost 1.8 million newly diagnosed cases and about 881,000 deaths annually. Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) is a well-documented medicinal herb that possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties. This study aimed to unravel the effect of aqueous chamomile extract against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine(DMH)-induced CRC in mice. Methods Male Balb/c mice received a weekly intraperitoneal injection of DMH (20 mg/kg body weight) for 12 weeks. Chamomile extract (150 mg/kg body weight/5 days/week p.o.) was administered at the initiation and post-initiation stages of carcinogenesis. Polyps count, histopathological analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of Wnt signaling genes, ELISA of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and enzyme assay for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were performed. Results Chamomile extract modulated the Wnt pathway in colonic tissues, where it significantly downregulated Wnt5a, β-catenin, T cell factor (Tcf4), lymphoid enhancer factor 1 (Lef1), c-Myc and Cyclin D1 expression levels, while it upregulated adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK3β) expression levels. This extract significantly reduced COX-2 levels and iNOS activities. Polyps count and histopathological analysis provided supportive evidence for the biochemical and molecular analyses. Conclusions Chamomile can act as a potent dietary chemopreventive agent against DMH-induced CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal M El Joumaa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Debbieh, Lebanon
| | - Robin I Taleb
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sandra Rizk
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jamilah M Borjac
- Department of Biological Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Debbieh, Lebanon
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11
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Wang LY, Zhao S, Lv GJ, Ma XJ, Zhang JB. Mechanisms of resveratrol in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal cancer. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:2425-2437. [PMID: 32607320 PMCID: PMC7322414 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i12.2425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. According to the Global Cancer Statistics, colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality, closely followed by gastric cancer (GC). Environmental, dietary, and lifestyle factors including cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, and genetics are the most important risk factors for GI cancer. Furthermore, infections caused by Helicobacter pylori are a major cause of GC initiation. Despite improvements in conventional therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, the length or quality of life of patients with advanced GI cancer is still poor because of delayed diagnosis, recurrence and side effect. Resveratrol (3, 4, 5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene; Res), a natural polyphenolic compound, reportedly has various pharmacologic functions including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and cardioprotective functions. Many studies have demonstrated that Res also exerts a chemopreventive effect on GI cancer. Research investigating the anti-cancer mechanism of Res for the prevention and treatment of GI cancer has implicated multiple pathways including oxidative stress, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Therefore, this paper provides a review of the function and molecular mechanisms of Res in the prevention and treatment of GI cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Guo-Jun Lv
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Ma
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jian-Bin Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
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12
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Phannasil P, Roytrakul S, Phaonakrop N, Kupradinun P, Budda S, Butryee C, Akekawatchai C, Tuntipopipat S. Protein expression profiles that underpin the preventive and therapeutic potential of Moringa oleifera Lam against azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate-induced mouse colon carcinogenesis. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:1792-1802. [PMID: 32724422 PMCID: PMC7377166 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies in a mouse model have indicated the anticancer potential of boiled Moringa oleifera pod (bMO)-supplemented diets; however, its molecular mechanisms are still unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the protein expression profiles responsible for the suppressive effect of bMO supplementation on azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mouse colon carcinogenesis. Analysis by gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrophotometry demonstrated that there were 125 proteins that were differentially expressed in mouse colon tissues between 14 experimental groups of mice. The differentially expressed proteins are involved in various biological processes, such as signal transduction, metabolism, transcription and translation. Venn diagram analysis of the differentially expressed proteins was performed in six selected mouse groups, including negative control, positive control mice induced by AOM/DSS, the AOM/DSS groups receiving preventive or therapeutic bMO diets and their bMO-supplemented control groups. This analysis identified 7 proteins; 60S acidic ribosomal protein P1 (Rplp1), fragile X mental retardation, cystatin 9, round spermatids protein, zinc finger protein 638, protein phosphatase 2C (Ppm1g) and unnamed protein product as being potentially associated with the preventive and therapeutic effects of bMO in AOM/DSS-induced mouse colon cancer. Analysis based on the search tool for interactions of chemicals (STITCH) database predicted that Rplp1 interacted with the apoptotic and inflammatory pathways, whereas Ppm1g was associated only with inflammatory networks. This proteomic analysis revealed candidate proteins that are responsible for the effects of bMO supplementation, potentially by regulating apoptotic and inflammatory signaling networks in colorectal cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phatchariya Phannasil
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Funtional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Narumon Phaonakrop
- Funtional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Piengchai Kupradinun
- Section of Animal Laboratory, Research Division, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sirintip Budda
- Food Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Chaniphun Butryee
- Food Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Chareeporn Akekawatchai
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12121, Thailand
| | - Siriporn Tuntipopipat
- Food Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
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Hepatoprotective effect of Matricaria chamomilla aqueous extract against 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-induced carcinogenic hepatic damage in mice. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04082. [PMID: 32509999 PMCID: PMC7265058 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dimethylhydrazine (DMH) is a potent colonic and hepatic carcinogen that is metabolized into oxyradicals causing liver injury and DNA mutations. Matricaria chamomilla is a well-documented medicinal herb that possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor activities and is commonly used to treat diverse ailments. The present study aimed to reveal the hepatoprotective effects of Matricaria chamomilla aqueous extract during an intermediate stage of colorectal cancer (CRC) in mice. Male Balb/c mice were divided into six groups: group A served as control, group B received chamomile extract (150 mg/Kg b.w.) orally for 12 weeks, and groups C-F received weekly intraperitoneal injections of DMH (20 mg/Kg b.w.) once a week for 12 weeks. In addition to DMH, groups D and F received chamomile during the initiation and post-initiation stages, respectively. Blood and liver samples were collected for biochemical and molecular analyses. The results showed that DMH induced hepatic injury in mice as shown by significant increase in serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. The changes in biochemical parameters were accompanied by activation of the Wnt signaling pathway leading to increased hepatocytes proliferation as well as inflammation evidenced by high levels of pro-inflammatory enzymes cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The results also showed potential hepatoprotective effects of chamomile extract against DMH-induced liver injury, proliferation and inflammation. Chamomile restored the biochemical and molecular parameters and this improvement was more pronounced in mice pretreated with the extract. In conclusion, chamomile extract may exert its hepatoprotective activities against DMH probably due to the antioxidant, antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory properties of its flavonoids.
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Pricci M, Girardi B, Giorgio F, Losurdo G, Ierardi E, Di Leo A. Curcumin and Colorectal Cancer: From Basic to Clinical Evidences. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2364. [PMID: 32235371 PMCID: PMC7178200 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin diffuses through cell membranes into the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and nucleus, where it exerts actions, as an antioxidant property. Therefore, its use has been advocated for chemopreventive, antimetastatic, and anti-angiogenic purposes. We conducted a literature review to summarize studies investigating the relationship between curcumin and colorectal cancer (CRC). In vitro studies, performed on human colon cancer cell lines, showed that curcumin inhibited cellular growth through cycle arrest at the G2/M and G1 phases, as well as stimulated apoptosis by interacting with multiple molecular targets. In vivo studies have been performed in inflammatory and genetic CRC animal models with a chemopreventive effect. To improve curcumin bioavailability, it has been associated with small particles that increase its absorption when orally administered with excellent results on both inflammation and carcinogenesis. Curcumin has been used, moreover, as a component of dietetic formulations for CRC chemoprevention. These combinations showed in vitro and in vivo anticarcinogenetic properties in inflammation-related and genetic CRC. A synergic effect was suggested using an individual constituent dosage, which was lower than that experimentally used "in vivo" for single components. In conclusion, curcumin falls within the category of plant origin substances able to prevent CRC in animals. This property offers promising expectations in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pricci
- THD S. p.A., 42015 Correggio (RE), Italy; (M.P.); (B.G.); (F.G.)
| | - Bruna Girardi
- THD S. p.A., 42015 Correggio (RE), Italy; (M.P.); (B.G.); (F.G.)
| | - Floriana Giorgio
- THD S. p.A., 42015 Correggio (RE), Italy; (M.P.); (B.G.); (F.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Losurdo
- Gastroenterology Section, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.L.); (E.I.)
| | - Enzo Ierardi
- Gastroenterology Section, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.L.); (E.I.)
| | - Alfredo Di Leo
- Gastroenterology Section, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.L.); (E.I.)
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Hao Q, Wang M, Sun NX, Zhu C, Lin YM, Li C, Liu F, Zhu WW. Sulforaphane suppresses carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer through the ERK/Nrf2‑UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1A metabolic axis activation. Oncol Rep 2020; 43:1067-1080. [PMID: 32323779 PMCID: PMC7057772 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The long pre-cancerous state of colorectal cancer (CRC) provides an opportunity to prevent the occurrence and development of CRC. The detoxification of CRC food-borne carcinogenic heterocyclic amines is highly dependent on UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1A (UGT1A)-mediated glucuronidation. Sulforaphane (SFN), a phytochemical, possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic effects on the prevention of CRC. Previous studies revealed that SFN upregulates the expression of UGT1A. The aim of the present study was to investigate the regulatory mechanism of SFN-induced UGT1A upregulation and provide novel understanding on the basic research and chemoprevention of CRC. In the present study, the viability and proliferation of CRC cells (HT-29 and SW480) treated with SFN were assessed by MTT, colony formation and EdU assays. Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of cells treated with different concentrations of SFN. The motility of cells was determined by wound healing and Transwell assays. Nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2) short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and negative control shRNA lentiviruses were used for cell transfection. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were employed to verify the role of Nrf2 in SFN-induced UGT1A. HT-29 and SW480 cells were divided into a control, an SFN and a PD98059 [an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor] + SFN group. Western blotting detected the protein levels of Nrf2 and UGT1A. Intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected using a reactive oxygen assay kit. The results revealed that SFN inhibits cell proliferation and colony formation, promotes apoptosis, and reduces the migratory ability of CRC cells. The phosphorylation of ERK induced by SFN promoted Nrf2 accumulation. Furthermore, a significant increase in the levels of UGT1A was observed, which coincided with SFN-induced upregulation of Nrf2 levels in nuclear fractions. Pretreatment with PD58059 reversed the SFN-induced subcellular translocation of Nrf2 and the expression of UGT1A. In addition, SFN-induced high levels of ROS in CRC cells may be associated with the ERK signaling pathway. Collectively, these results indicated that SFN inhibited the proliferation of CRC cells and upregulated the expression of UGT1A in CRC cells via the ERK/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Hao
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Nuan-Xin Sun
- Jiangxi Medical School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Min Lin
- Department of General Practice, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Cui Li
- Department of General Practice, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Wen Zhu
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Abstract
The preventability estimate for colorectal cancer (CRC) is approximately 50%, highlighting the huge potential for altering modifiable lifestyle factors (including diet and body fatness) in order to reduce risk of this common malignancy. There is strong evidence that dietary factors (including intake of wholegrains, fibre, red and processed meat and alcohol) affect CRC risk. The lack of positive intervention trials and limited mechanistic understanding likely explain limited public health impact of epidemiological observations, to date. An alternative strategy for nutritional prevention of CRC is use of supplements that provide higher individual nutrient exposure than obtained through the diet (chemoprevention). There are positive data for calcium and/or vitamin D and the n-3 fatty acid EPA from polyp prevention trials using colorectal adenoma as a CRC risk biomarker. Although CRC is an obesity-related malignancy, there remains a paucity of observational data supporting intentional weight loss for CRC risk reduction. Some types of obesity surgeries (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass) might actually increase subsequent CRC risk due to alteration of local intestinal factors. There is intense interest in nutritional therapy of patients after diagnosis of CRC, in order to impact on recurrence and overall survival (now often termed cancer interception). In conclusion, nutritional prevention of CRC continues to hold much promise. Increased mechanistic understanding of the role of individual nutrients (linked to intestinal microbiota), as well as a precision medicine approach to CRC chemoprevention and interception based on both tumour and host factors, should enable translation of nutritional interventions into effective CRC risk reduction measures.
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Hossain S, Liu Z, Wood RJ. Histone deacetylase activity and vitamin D-dependent gene expressions in relation to sulforaphane in human breast cancer cells. J Food Biochem 2019; 44:e13114. [PMID: 31846091 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
It is relatively unknown how dietary bioactive compound, sulforaphane, in partnership with active vitamin D3, 1,25(OH)2D3, regulates vitamin D-dependent gene expression in breast cancer (BC). It has been suggested that the combination of various bioactive components with vitamins is crucial for their potential anticancer activities. METHODS This study employed a combinatorial chemopreventive strategy to investigate the impact of dietary histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, that is, sulforaphane on chromatin remodeling in BC. To understand the epigenetics-mediated changes in gene expression, MCF-7 cells were exposed for 24 hr to 1,25(OH)2D3 (100nM) either alone or in combination with L-sulforaphane and TSA (20μM and 1μM, respectively) at 70% confluency. Changes in VDR, CYP24A1, CYP27B1, and TRPV6 gene expressions were quantified using real-time PCR-based assays. HDAC inhibitor activity was assessed using HDAC I/II assay that measured global changes in acetylation status. Cell viability was measured using ATP and MT assays. Clonogenic and migration assays were performed to analyze the ability of single cells to grow into colonies and % closure (migration ability) upon treatments, respectively. Results were expressed as ΔCT ± standard error of means (SEM) from One-way ANOVA analyses for mRNA expressions and mean ± SEM for all other assays. RESULTS In MCF-7 cells, treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 tended to decrease VDR (13 ± 0.4) and CYP27B1 (12 ± 0.96), while significantly increased TRPV6 (p = .02, 14 ± 0.1) and CYP24A1 (p < .0001, 0.38 ± 0.12) expression. D alone and D + TSA group had the opposite effects on HDAC inhibition from SFN alone, D + SFN, and TSA alone. The clonogenic assay showed a significant decrease in colony formation with no colonies for D + TSA (p < .03) and TSA alone groups (p < .03). Cell viability tended to decrease with D alone and in combination with TSA. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and sulforaphane are selective and gene-specific in MCF-7 cells. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Breast cancer (BC) affects a large number of the U.S. population each year. Like most cancers, nutrition does play a role in the prevention of BC. However, dietary advice that includes reducing alcohol intake, red meat, and saturated fat consumption, while increasing the intake of heart-healthy fats, dietary fiber, and lean protein, etc., is difficult to apply to all cancers from a preventative standpoint. Vitamin D has been implicated in BC, mostly as a protective factor, with mixed findings. This research focuses on the role of vitamin D as a protective intervention in human BC, along with a dietary bioactive compound-sulforaphane. The idea is to combine the known benefits of a micronutrient with potential benefits of the bioactive compound to establish a stronger intervention against BC progression, irrespective of the subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Department of Nutrition, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Richard J Wood
- Department of Nutrition, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
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Honari M, Shafabakhsh R, Reiter RJ, Mirzaei H, Asemi Z. Resveratrol is a promising agent for colorectal cancer prevention and treatment: focus on molecular mechanisms. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:180. [PMID: 31341423 PMCID: PMC6631492 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0906-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and one of the main causes of cancer death entire the world. Environmental, dietary, and lifestyle factors including red meat consumption, cigarette smoking, alcohol intake and family history are the most important risk factors of CRC. Multiple pathways including inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis are involved in its incidence and progression. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound, has different pharmacologic functions including anti-inflammation, cancer prevention, lipid-lowering effect, and hypoglycemic effect. Many studies have proved that resveratrol might also represent a chemo preventive effect on CRC. Thus, the aim of the current review is to depict the role of resveratrol in treatment of CRC in a molecular manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadese Honari
- 1Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Rana Shafabakhsh
- 1Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- 2Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science, Center, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- 1Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- 1Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Zhou JW, Wang M, Sun NX, Qing Y, Yin TF, Li C, Wu D. Sulforaphane-induced epigenetic regulation of Nrf2 expression by DNA methyltransferase in human Caco-2 cells. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:2639-2647. [PMID: 31452747 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying sulforaphane-mediated epigenetic regulation of nuclear factor-erythroid derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) expression in human colon cancer. Proteins were extracted from normal Caco-2 cells using sulforaphane and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza) combined with trichostatin A (TSA). The mRNA and protein expression levels and activity of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) were determined. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and bisulfite genomic sequencing were also used to measure the methylation levels of CpG sites in the Nrf2 promoter region. Nrf2 expression was measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that sulforaphane did not affect DNMT1 mRNA expression levels. DNMT1 protein expression was inhibited by sulforaphane and 5-Aza co-treatment with TSA. Nrf2 promoter methylation decreased significantly in the sulforaphane group compared with the control group. Nrf2 promoter methylation level in the 5-Aza+TSA group was the lowest among all groups. Nrf2 mRNA levels exhibited significant differences between the sulforaphane-treated and control groups, as well as between the 5-Aza+TSA and control groups, and the sulforaphane-treated and 5-Aza+TSA groups. Nrf2 protein expression was also inhibited by sulforaphane, as well as 5-Aza co-treatment with TSA. The results revealed that sulforaphane may promote demethylation of the Nrf2 promoter region to increase activation of Nrf2, which induces chemoprevention of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Zhou
- Medical School, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,Department of General Practice, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Nuan-Xin Sun
- Jiangxi Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ying Qing
- Department of General Practice, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Teng-Fei Yin
- Department of General Practice, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Cui Li
- Department of General Practice, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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20
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Ismail NI, Othman I, Abas F, H Lajis N, Naidu R. Mechanism of Apoptosis Induced by Curcumin in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2454. [PMID: 31108984 PMCID: PMC6566943 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the top three cancer with higher incident and mortality rate worldwide. It is estimated that about over than 1.1 million of death and 2.2 million new cases by the year 2030. The current treatment modalities with the usage of chemo drugs such as FOLFOX and FOLFIRI, surgery and radiotherapy, which are usually accompanied with major side effects, are rarely cured along with poor survival rate and at higher recurrence outcome. This trigger the needs of exploring new natural compounds with anti-cancer properties which possess fewer side effects. Curcumin, a common spice used in ancient medicine was found to induce apoptosis by targeting various molecules and signaling pathways involved in CRC. Disruption of the homeostatic balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis could be one of the promoting factors in colorectal cancer progression. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of apoptosis regulation by curcumin in CRC with regard to molecular targets and associated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Isnida Ismail
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- UniKL MESTECH, A1-1 Jalan TKS1, Taman Kajang Sentral, 43000 Kajang, Malaysia.
| | - Iekhsan Othman
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Faridah Abas
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University Putra Malaysia, UPM, 434000 Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Nordin H Lajis
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Rakesh Naidu
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Bar-Shalom R, Bergman M, Grossman S, Azzam N, Sharvit L, Fares F. Inula Viscosa Extract Inhibits Growth of Colorectal Cancer Cells in vitro and in vivo Through Induction of Apoptosis. Front Oncol 2019; 9:227. [PMID: 31024836 PMCID: PMC6469364 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in females and the third in males worldwide. Conventional therapy of CRC is limited by severe side effects and by the development of resistance. Therefore, additional therapies are needed in order to combat the problem of selectivity and drug resistance in CRC patients. Inula viscosa (IV) is a well-known medicinal perennial herb in traditional medicine. It is used for different therapeutic purposes, such as; topical anti-inflammatic, diuretic, hemostatic, antiseptic, antiphlogistic, and in the treatment of diabetes. Several studies attempted to reveal the anti-cancer activity of different extracts prepared by different organic solvents from different parts of the IV plant. The aim of the present study is to examine the potential beneficial effects of IV leaf aqueous extract on the growth of colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The results indicated that exposure of colorectal cancer cells to IV extract, significantly reduced cell viability in a dose and time dependent manner. Moreover, treatment of cells with 300 μg/ml of IV extract induced apoptosis, as it was detected by Annexin V/FITC/PI, TUNEL assay, and the activation of caspases. In vivo studies revealed that treatment with 150 or 300 mg/kg IV extract inhibited tumor growth in mice transplanted with MC38 cells. Tumors' weight and volume were significantly (P < 0.001) reduced when compared to untreated-control group. Staining of the paraffin section of tumors revealed that IV treatment inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Additionally, no side effects such as; weight loss, behavior changes, ruffled fur or changes in kidney, and liver functions were observed. These results may indicate that active doses of IV extract are not toxic. Further studies are needed in order to identify the structure of the active compounds. Results from this study may contribute to the development of new and efficient strategies for treatment of human colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinat Bar-Shalom
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Margalit Bergman
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Shlomo Grossman
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Naiel Azzam
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lital Sharvit
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Fuad Fares
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Targeting Immune-Related Molecules in Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive In Vitro Analysis on Patient-Derived Tumor Models. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:4938285. [PMID: 30891459 PMCID: PMC6390245 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4938285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of immune-related pathway inhibition, among them indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), alone and together with immune cells on growth and viability of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. A panel of patient-derived CRC cell lines with different molecular characteristics (CpG island methylator phenotype, chromosomal, and microsatellite instability) was included. Initial phenotyping of CRC cell lines (n=17) revealed high abundance of immunosuppressive checkpoint-molecules in general, but an individual profile for IDO. Presence of immune-related molecules was independent of the molecular subtype. Selective treatment of CRC cell lines showing high or low IDO expression (n=2 cell lines each) was performed with single agents and combinations of Indoximod, Curcumin, and Gemcitabine with and without the addition of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) in an allogeneic setting. All substances affected CRC cell growth in a cell line specific manner. The combination of Curcumin and Gemcitabine proved to be most effective in tumor cell elimination. Functional read-out analyses identified cellular senescence, after both single and combined treatment. Curcumin alone exerted strong cytotoxic effects by inducing early and late apoptosis. Necrosis was not detectable at all. Addition of lymphocytes generally boosted antitumoral effects of all IDO-inhibitors, with up to 80 % cytotoxicity for the Curcumin treatment. Here, no obvious differences became apparent between individual cell lines. Combined application of Curcumin and low-dose chemotherapy is a promising strategy to kill tumor target cells and to stimulate antitumoral immune responses.
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Bespalov VG, Alexandrov VA, Semenov AL, Vysochina GI, Kostikova VA, Baranenko DA. The inhibitory effect of Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. on colorectal carcinogenesis induced in rats by methylnitrosourea. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 227:1-7. [PMID: 30114518 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim.) is a medicinal plant with a variety of therapeutic properties, traditionally used in various diseases including treatment and prevention of tumors. The aim of this study was to present an ethnomedicinal justification that a meadowsweet decoction is able to inhibit colorectal carcinogenesis induced by the methylnitrosourea (MNU) in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical composition of meadowsweet extracts was studied by traditional methods. In animal experiments adult outbred female rats received four intrarectal instillations of MNU, one per week, at dose 4 mg in 0.5 ml saline (the total dose of MNU during the 4-week exposure was 16 mg/rat). After carcinogenic exposure one group (MNU) of rats continued to receive standard feed and tap water throughout life. In another group (MNU+meadowsweet), rats were given daily a decoction of the meadowsweet instead of drinking water and standard feed. RESULTS Meadowsweet extracts showed a sufficiently high content of flavonoids and tannins and also some individual phenolic compounds and salicylic acid. In rats after administration of MNU the overall incidence of tumors was 91% with tumor multiplicity of 3.5. The majority of rats (86%) developed multiple tumors of large intestine (most often adenocarcinomas:88 from 107; index of multiplicity - 2.0). In rats from the group MNU+meadowsweet there was a statistically significant decrease of the overall tumor incidence and multiplicity-by 1.4 and 2.9 times, respectively, and the incidence and multiplicity of colon tumors - by 2.0 and 2.8 times, respectively; the incidence and multiplicity of malignant tumors of other localizations was also reduced-by 2.2 and 3.0 times, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Meadowsweet extract is an effective inhibitor of colorectal carcinogenesis in experiment, that provides support for the traditional use of this plant in the oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir G Bespalov
- Laboratory of Cancer Chemoprevention and Oncopharmacology, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg 197758, Russia; International Research Centre "Biotechnologies of the Third Millennium", ITMO University, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia.
| | - Valerij A Alexandrov
- Laboratory of Cancer Chemoprevention and Oncopharmacology, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg 197758, Russia; International Research Centre "Biotechnologies of the Third Millennium", ITMO University, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
| | - Alexander L Semenov
- Laboratory of Cancer Chemoprevention and Oncopharmacology, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg 197758, Russia; International Research Centre "Biotechnologies of the Third Millennium", ITMO University, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
| | - Galina I Vysochina
- Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Vera A Kostikova
- Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Denis A Baranenko
- International Research Centre "Biotechnologies of the Third Millennium", ITMO University, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
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Cordero OJ, Varela-Calviño R. Oral hygiene might prevent cancer. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00879. [PMID: 30417145 PMCID: PMC6218413 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many evidences support that species from the Human Oral Microbiome Database such as Fusobacterium nucleatum or Bacteroides, linked previously to periodontitis and appendicitis, play a role in colorectal cancer (CRC), including metastasis. These typically oral species are invasive anaerobes that form biofilms in their virulent state. Aspirin (a NSAID) has been recently included into routine CRC prevention rationale. NSAIDs can prevent the growth of neoplastic lesions by inhibiting COX enzymes and another set of recently identified COX-independent targets, which include the WNT, AMPK and MTOR signaling pathways, the crosstalk between nucleoli and NF-κB transcriptional activity in apoptosis, and the biochemistry of platelets. These are signaling pathways related to tumor-promoting inflammation. In this process, pathogens or simple deregulation of the microbiota play an important role in CRC. Aspirin and other NSAIDs are efficient inhibitors of biofilm formation and able to control periodontitis development preventing inflammation related to the microbiota of the gingival tissue, so its seems plausible to include this pathway in the mechanisms that aspirin uses to prevent CRC. We propose arguments suggesting that current oral hygiene methods and other future developments against periodontitis might prevent CRC and probably other cancers, alone or in combination with other options; and that the multidisciplinary studies needed to prove this hypothesis might be relevant for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar J. Cordero
- University of Santiago de Compostela, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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25
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Lee SR, Jin H, Kim WT, Kim WJ, Kim SZ, Leem SH, Kim SM. Tristetraprolin activation by resveratrol inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:1269-1278. [PMID: 29956753 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) is a polyphenolic compound that naturally occurs in grapes, peanuts and berries. Considerable research has been conducted to determine the benefits of RSV against various human cancer types. Tristetraprolin (TTP) is an AU-rich element-binding protein that regulates mRNA stability and has decreased expression in human cancer. The present study investigated the biological effect of RSV on TTP gene regulation in colon cancer cells. RSV inhibited the proliferation and invasion/metastasis of HCT116 and SNU81 colon cancer cells. Furthermore, RSV induced a dose-dependent increase in TTP expression in HCT116 and SNU81 cells. The microarray experiment revealed that RSV significantly increased TTP expression by downregulating E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1), a downstream target gene of TTP and regulated genes associated with inflammation, cell proliferation, cell death, angiogenesis and metastasis. Although TTP silencing inhibited TTP mRNA expression, the expression was subsequently restored by RSV. Small interfering RNA-induced TTP inhibition attenuated the effects of RSV on cell growth. In addition, RSV induced the mRNA-decaying activity of TTP and inhibited the relative luciferase activity of baculoviral IAP repeat containing 3 (cIAP2), large tumor suppressor kinase 2 (LATS2), E2F1, and lin‑28 homolog A (Lin28) in HCT116 and SNU81 cells. Therefore, RSV enhanced the inhibitory activity of TTP in HCT116 and SNU81 cells by negatively regulating cIAP2, E2F1, LATS2, and Lin28 expression. In conclusion, RSV suppressed the proliferation and invasion/metastasis of colon cancer cells by activating TTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Ra Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Hua Jin
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Tae Kim
- Department of Biological Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Jung Kim
- Department of Biological Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Zoo Kim
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Leem
- Department of Biological Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Mi Kim
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54907, Republic of Korea
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26
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Salehi B, Zucca P, Sharifi-Rad M, Pezzani R, Rajabi S, Setzer WN, Varoni EM, Iriti M, Kobarfard F, Sharifi-Rad J. Phytotherapeutics in cancer invasion and metastasis. Phytother Res 2018; 32:1425-1449. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Paolo Zucca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Cagliari; Cagliari Italy
| | - Mehdi Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Medical Parasitology; Zabol University of Medical Sciences; Zabol 61663-335 Iran
| | - Raffaele Pezzani
- OU Endocrinology, Dept. Medicine (DIMED); University of Padova; via Ospedale 105 Padova 35128 Italy
- AIROB, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca Oncologica di Base; Padova Italy
| | - Sadegh Rajabi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alabama in Huntsville; Huntsville AL 35899 USA
| | - Elena Maria Varoni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences; Milan State University; Milan Italy
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences; Milan State University; Milan Italy
| | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Phytochemistry Research Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Chemistry, Richardson College for the Environmental Science Complex; The University of Winnipeg; Winnipeg MB Canada
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27
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Bridges KM, Diaz FJ, Wang Z, Ahmed I, Sullivan DK, Umar S, Buckles DC, Greiner KA, Hester CM. Relating Stool Microbial Metabolite Levels, Inflammatory Markers and Dietary Behaviors to Screening Colonoscopy Findings in a Racially/Ethnically Diverse Patient Population. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9030119. [PMID: 29495356 PMCID: PMC5867840 DOI: 10.3390/genes9030119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer death for both men and women in the United States, yet it is treatable and preventable. African Americans have higher incidence of CRC than other racial/ethnic groups, however, it is unclear whether this disparity is primarily due to environmental or biological factors. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites produced by bacteria in the colon and are known to be inversely related to CRC progression. The aim of this study is to investigate how stool SCFA levels, markers of inflammation in stool and dietary intake relate to colonoscopy findings in a diverse patient population. Stool samples from forty-eight participants were analyzed for SCFA levels and inflammatory markers (lysozyme, secretory IgA, lactoferrin). Additionally, participants completed the National Cancer Institute's Diet History Questionnaire II (DHQ II) to report dietary intake over the past year. Subsequently, the majority of participants underwent screening colonoscopy. Our results showed that African Americans had higher total levels of SCFAs in stool than other racial/ethnic groups, significantly lower intake of non-starchy vegetables and similar inflammatory marker expression and colonoscopy outcomes, compared to others. This work is an initial exploration into the biological and clinical factors that may ultimately inform personalized screening approaches and clinical decision-making to improve colorectal cancer disparities for African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina M Bridges
- Department of Family Medicine Research Division, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Francisco J Diaz
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Ishfaq Ahmed
- Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Debra K Sullivan
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Shahid Umar
- Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Daniel C Buckles
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - K Allen Greiner
- Department of Family Medicine Research Division, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Christina M Hester
- Department of Family Medicine Research Division, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
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28
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Zhang H, Zong Y, Qiu G, Jia R, Xu X, Wang F, Wu D. Silencing Lin28 promotes apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells by upregulating let‑7c targeting of antiapoptotic BCL2L1. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:5143-5149. [PMID: 29393430 PMCID: PMC5865979 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a primary contributor to cancer-associated mortality. The Lin28/let-7 axis has previously been verified to participate in numerous pathophysiological processes involved in CRC. However, the potential roles and underlying mechanisms of this axis in apoptosis during CRC remain to be fully elucidated. The present study aimed to evaluate the role and reveal the molecular mechanisms of the Lin28/let-7 axis in the apoptosis of CRC cells. An MTT assay was conducted to assess the cell viability of HCT116 and HT29 CRC cells, and caspase-3 activity was analyzed to measure the apoptosis of CRC cells. Western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed to examine the expression of Lin28, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein, Bcl-2-like 1 (BCL2L1) and let-7c. The present study demonstrated that Lin28 was upregulated whereas let-7c was downregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines compared with normal tissues and NCM460 normal colon epithelial cells, respectively. Forced overexpression of let-7c promoted apoptosis in CRC cells, which was at least partially mediated via the targeting of BCL2L1. Furthermore, knockdown of Lin28 decreased viability and promoted apoptosis in CRC cells, whereas this effect was attenuated by let-7c inhibition. The findings of the present study suggest the involvement of the Lin28/let-7c axis in apoptosis during CRC, and indicate the potential role of this pathway as a novel therapeutic target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haogang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Yaguang Zong
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Gongcai Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Ruichun Jia
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Xunzheng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Fujing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Dequan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
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29
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Zhao Y, Hu X, Zuo X, Wang M. Chemopreventive effects of some popular phytochemicals on human colon cancer: a review. Food Funct 2018; 9:4548-4568. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00850g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The present review summarizes (1) the epidemiology and etiology of colon cancer, (2) generalized cancer chemoprotective mechanisms, and (3) the chemopreventive properties of some popular phytochemicals as well as some phytochemicals developed by our research group recently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueliang Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Shanghai Ocean University
- Shanghai
- China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai)
| | - Xiaoqian Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Shanghai Ocean University
- Shanghai
- China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai)
| | - Xinyuan Zuo
- School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Panjin City
- China
| | - Mingfu Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Shanghai Ocean University
- Shanghai
- China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai)
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30
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Combination curcumin and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits colorectal carcinoma microenvironment-induced angiogenesis by JAK/STAT3/IL-8 pathway. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e384. [PMID: 28967875 PMCID: PMC5668882 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment has a crucial role in cancer development and progression, whereas the mechanism of how it regulates angiogenesis is unclear. In this study, we simulated the colorectal carcinoma microenvironment by conditioned medium (CM) of colorectal carcinoma cell lines (SW620, HT-29, HCT116) supernatant or colorectal carcinoma tissue homogenate supernatant to induce normal endothelial cells (NECs). We found that colorectal carcinoma CM promoted tumor angiogenesis by coercing NECs toward tumor endothelial cells (TECs) with the activation of the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. Antibody array analysis showed HT-29 supernatant contained numerous angiogenesis-related proteins, especially IL-8. Interestingly, the production of IL-8 in NECs induced by HT-29 CM was also increased. We also verified the crucial role of IL-8 in promoting the CM-induced angiogenesis, as IL-8 repression by neutralizing antibody abolished the transition of NECs toward TECs. Curcumin and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) are broadly investigated in cancer chemoprevention. However, poor bioavailability hurdles their application alone, and the mechanism of their anti-angiogenesis still need to be illuminated. Here, we found that curcumin combination with EGCG attenuated the tumor CM-induced transition of NECs toward TECs by inhibiting JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. Furthermore, the combination of curcumin and EGCG markedly reduced tumor growth and angiogenesis in the colorectal carcinoma PDX mouse model, and the combined anti-angiogenic effect was better than that of curcumin or EGCG alone. Taken together, our findings provide a new mechanism of tumor angiogenesis, and the combination of curcumin and EGCG represents a potential anti-angiogenic therapeutic method for colorectal carcinoma.
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31
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Spyridopoulou K, Tiptiri-Kourpeti A, Lampri E, Fitsiou E, Vasileiadis S, Vamvakias M, Bardouki H, Goussia A, Malamou-Mitsi V, Panayiotidis MI, Galanis A, Pappa A, Chlichlia K. Dietary mastic oil extracted from Pistacia lentiscus var. chia suppresses tumor growth in experimental colon cancer models. Sci Rep 2017. [PMID: 28630399 PMCID: PMC5476564 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03971-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived bioactive compounds attract considerable interest as potential chemopreventive anticancer agents. We analyzed the volatile dietary phytochemicals (terpenes) present in mastic oil extracted from the resin of Pistacia lentiscus var. chia and comparatively investigated their effects on colon carcinoma proliferation, a) in vitro against colon cancer cell lines and b) in vivo on tumor growth in mice following oral administration. Mastic oil inhibited - more effectively than its major constituents- proliferation of colon cancer cells in vitro, attenuated migration and downregulated transcriptional expression of survivin (BIRC5a). When administered orally, mastic oil inhibited the growth of colon carcinoma tumors in mice. A reduced expression of Ki-67 and survivin in tumor tissues accompanied the observed effects. Notably, only mastic oil -which is comprised of 67.7% α-pinene and 18.8% myrcene- induced a statistically significant anti-tumor effect in mice but not α-pinene, myrcene or a combination thereof. Thus, mastic oil, as a combination of terpenes, exerts growth inhibitory effects against colon carcinoma, suggesting a nutraceutical potential in the fight against colon cancer. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing that orally administered mastic oil induces tumor-suppressing effects against experimental colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Spyridopoulou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus-Dragana, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece
| | - Angeliki Tiptiri-Kourpeti
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus-Dragana, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece
| | - Evangeli Lampri
- Department of Pathology, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Eleni Fitsiou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus-Dragana, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece
| | - Stavros Vasileiadis
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus-Dragana, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece
| | - Manolis Vamvakias
- VIORYL S.A., 28th km National Road Athens - Lamia, Afidnes, 19014, Greece
| | - Haido Bardouki
- VIORYL S.A., 28th km National Road Athens - Lamia, Afidnes, 19014, Greece
| | - Anna Goussia
- Department of Pathology, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Malamou-Mitsi
- Department of Pathology, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Mihalis I Panayiotidis
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Building A516, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Galanis
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus-Dragana, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus-Dragana, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece
| | - Katerina Chlichlia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus-Dragana, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece.
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32
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Clulow JA, Storck EM, Lanyon-Hogg T, Kalesh KA, Jones LH, Tate EW. Competition-based, quantitative chemical proteomics in breast cancer cells identifies new target profiles for sulforaphane. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:5182-5185. [PMID: 28439590 PMCID: PMC6034444 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc08797c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Sulforaphane is a small molecule isothiocyanate which exhibits anticancer potential, yet its biological targets remain poorly understood. Here we employ a competition-based chemical proteomics strategy to profile sulforaphane's targets and identify over 500 targets along with their relative affinities. These targets provide a new set of mediators for sulforaphane's bioactivity, and aid understanding of its complex mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Clulow
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, UKSW7 2AZ.
| | | | | | | | - Lyn H Jones
- Medicine Design, Pfizer, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Edward W Tate
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, UKSW7 2AZ.
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33
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Microbial carcinogenic toxins and dietary anti-cancer protectants. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:2627-2643. [PMID: 28238104 PMCID: PMC5487888 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2487-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Several toxins are known which account for the ability of some bacteria to initiate or promote carcinogenesis. These ideas are summarised and evidence is discussed for more specific mechanisms involving chymotrypsin and the bacterial chymotryptic enzyme subtilisin. Subtilisin and Bacillus subtilis are present in the gut and environment and both are used commercially in agriculture, livestock rearing and meat processing. The enzymes deplete cells of tumour suppressors such as deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) and neogenin, so their potential presence in the food chain might represent an important link between diet and cancer. Over-eating increases secretion of chymotrypsin which is absorbed from the gut and could contribute to several forms of cancer linked to obesity. Inhibition of these serine proteases by Bowman–Birk inhibitors in fruit and vegetables could account for some of the protective effects of a plant-rich diet. These interactions represent previously unknown non-genetic mechanisms for the modification of tumour suppressor proteins and provide a plausible explanation contributing to both the pro-oncogenic effects of meat products and the protective activity of a plant-rich diet. The data suggest that changes to farming husbandry and food processing methods to remove these sources of extrinsic proteases might significantly reduce the incidence of several cancers.
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