1
|
Ma Y, Chen S, Dai G. Exploring prognostic factors for survival in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer undergoing PD-1 inhibitor immunotherapy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2376429. [PMID: 39041377 PMCID: PMC11268236 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2376429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, led by programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors, has emerged as a prominent antitumor therapy, yet prognostic challenges persist in pancreatic cancer (PC). This retrospective, single-center study evaluated prognostic factors in advanced PC patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors at the PLA General Hospital's Oncology Department from 2015-2022. With ethics approval by the Ethics Committee of the General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army (S2021-228-03), we analyzed 126 patients using Kaplan-Meier and Cox models. p < .05 was considered a statistically significant difference. Median overall survival (mOS) and progression-free survival (mPFS) were 12.1 and 4.6 months, respectively. Significant mOS predictors were surgery history (44.2 months vs. 10 months, *p = .022), absence of liver metastases (44.2 months vs. 6.4 months, *p = .034), and baseline CA19-9 ≤ 216.15 U/ml (18.5 months vs. 9.2 months, *p = .049). For mPFS, histologic differentiation (5.5 months vs. 3.2 months, *p = .022) and first-line PD-1 inhibitor use (5.1 months vs. 1.5 months, ***p = .001) were key. Subgroup analyses highlighted early progression in low histologic differentiation and earlier death without surgery. History of surgery, absence of liver metastases, baseline CA19-9 level, and histologic intermediate/high differentiation may predict PD-1 inhibitor efficacy in advanced PC, pending validation in prospective trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyun Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghai Dai
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cappell MS, Tobi M. Pathogenic Variant Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms Tumors Show Increased Tumor Growth Compared With Those With Familial Pancreatic Cancer Kindreds: Prognostic Indicators. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 22:1962. [PMID: 38325600 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell S Cappell
- Department of Medicine, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Southfield, Michigan
| | - Martin Tobi
- Research and Development Department, John D. Dingell Veterans Adminstration Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tavano F, Latiano A, Palmieri O, Gioffreda D, Latiano T, Gentile A, Tardio M, Latiano TP, Gentile M, Terracciano F, Perri F. Duodenal Fluid Analysis as a Rewarding Approach to Detect Low-Abundance Mutations in Biliopancreatic Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8436. [PMID: 39126005 PMCID: PMC11312909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis of biliopancreatic cancers by the available serum tumor markers, imaging, and histopathological tissue specimen examination remains a challenge. Circulating cell-free DNA derived from matched pairs of secretin-stimulated duodenal fluid (DF) and plasma from 10 patients with biliopancreatic diseases and 8 control subjects was analyzed using AmpliSeq™ HD technology for Ion Torrent Next-Generation Sequencing to evaluate the potential of liquid biopsy with DF in biliopancreatic cancers. The median cfDNA concentration was greater in DF-derived than in plasma-derived samples. A total of 13 variants were detected: 11 vs. 1 were exclusive for DF relative to the plasma source, and 1 was shared between the two body fluids. According to the four-tier systems, 10 clinical tier-I-II (76.9%), 1 tier-III (7.7%), and 2 tier-IV (15.4%) variants were identified. Notably, the 11 tier-I-III variants were exclusively found in DF-derived cfDNA from five patients with biliopancreatic cancers, and were detected in seven genes (KRAS, TP53, BRAF, CDKN2A, RNF43, GNAS, and PIK3CA); 82% of the tier-I-III variants had a low abundance, with a VAF < 6%. The mutational profiling of DF seems to be a reliable and promising tool for identifying cancer-associated alterations in malignant cancers of the biliopancreatic tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Tavano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Anna Latiano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Orazio Palmieri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Domenica Gioffreda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Tiziana Latiano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Annamaria Gentile
- Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Matteo Tardio
- Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pia Latiano
- Department of Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Marco Gentile
- Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Fulvia Terracciano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Francesco Perri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Goggins M. The role of biomarkers in the early detection of pancreatic cancer. Fam Cancer 2024; 23:309-322. [PMID: 38662265 PMCID: PMC11309746 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-024-00381-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic surveillance can detect early-stage pancreatic cancer and achieve long-term survival, but currently involves annual endoscopic ultrasound and MRI/MRCP, and is recommended only for individuals who meet familial/genetic risk criteria. To improve upon current approaches to pancreatic cancer early detection and to expand access, more accurate, inexpensive, and safe biomarkers are needed, but finding them has remained elusive. Newer approaches to early detection, such as using gene tests to personalize biomarker interpretation, and the increasing application of artificial intelligence approaches to integrate complex biomarker data, offer promise that clinically useful biomarkers for early pancreatic cancer detection are on the horizon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Goggins
- Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
- Department of Medicine, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Oncology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schulick AC, Moore HB, Franco SR, Jiang JG, Edil BH, Schulick RD, Nydam TL, McCarter MD, Del Chiaro M, Gleisner A. Gaining a new angle on pancreas cancer: A pre-operative thrombelastographic parameter predicts recurrence and survival among patients with resected periampullary and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Am J Surg 2024; 238:115820. [PMID: 39059340 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2024.115820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has previously been demonstrated that Thrombelastography(TEG) angle may be associated with recurrence and survival in pancreas cancer in a cohort of patients operated on at the University of Colorado in 2016-2017. Now approaching 10 years of follow-up, we revisit these associations and strengthen these claims with multivariate analysis. METHODS Retrospective chart review was performed. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves identified the performance of angle for predicting recurrence&survival. Unadjusted and adjusted cox regression models were used to identify significant predictors of these outcomes. RESULTS 47 patients were included with median follow-up of 29.6 months. ROC curves for angle predicting recurrence and survival identified a cutoff of 44.5°. KM curves demonstrated that patients above the cutoff were more likely to recur(90%vs46 %,p = 0.001) and less likely to survive(16%vs56 %,p = 0.001). Angle remained significant on multivariate analyses (HR recurrence:3.64[1.32-10.25],HR survival:3.80[1.38-10.46]). CONCLUSIONS TEG angle is independently associated with disease recurrence and overall survival in pancreas cancer. This may be identifying virulent tumor biology, but further studies are required. A prospective study is underway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C Schulick
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States; Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States.
| | - Hunter B Moore
- AdventHealth Transplant Institute Porter, Denver, United States
| | | | - Jessie G Jiang
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States
| | - Barish H Edil
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma School of Medicine, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Richard D Schulick
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States
| | - Trevor L Nydam
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States
| | - Martin D McCarter
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States
| | - Marco Del Chiaro
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States
| | - Ana Gleisner
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Morão B, Ramos LR, Oliveira MH, Glória L. Malignancy and mass-forming phenotypes of IgG4-related disease: a challenging diagnosis. BMJ Case Rep 2024; 17:e257372. [PMID: 38960429 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-257372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Mass-forming phenotypes of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) mimic malignancy and histological confirmation can be challenging. A woman in her 70s with HIV infection presented with painless obstructive jaundice and weight loss. Magnetic resonance imaging was suggestive of unresectable cholangiocarcinoma. Tumour markers and serum IgG4 were normal. Percutaneous liver biopsy was consistent with IgG4-RD inflammatory pseudotumour, with complete response to glucocorticoid therapy. Two years later, a new episode of obstructive jaundice occurred, with CT showing a solid lesion in the head of the pancreas with double duct sign and encasement of the portal vein. Re-induction therapy was tried without response. Fine-needle biopsy was consistent with pancreatic cancer. Supportive care was offered and the patient died 8 months later, with no signs of disease progression on subsequent imaging. We discuss the challenges of IgG4-RD diagnosis and treatment and the differential diagnosis between mass-forming phenotypes and malignancy, highlighting the difficulties in managing such patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Morão
- Gastroenterology, Hospital Beatriz Angelo, Loures, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | | | - Luísa Glória
- Gastroenterology, Hospital Beatriz Angelo, Loures, Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu X, Shi Q, Qi P, Wang Z, Zhang T, Zhang S, Wu J, Guo Z, Chen J, Zhang Q. Recent advances in living cell nucleic acid probes based on nanomaterials for early cancer diagnosis. Asian J Pharm Sci 2024; 19:100910. [PMID: 38948397 PMCID: PMC11214190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The early diagnosis of cancer is vital for effective treatment and improved prognosis. Tumor biomarkers, which can be used for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic evaluation of cancer, have emerged as a topic of intense research interest in recent years. Nucleic acid, as a type of tumor biomarker, contains vital genetic information, which is of great significance for the occurrence and development of cancer. Currently, living cell nucleic acid probes, which enable the in situ imaging and dynamic monitoring of nucleic acids, have become a rapidly developing field. This review focuses on living cell nucleic acid probes that can be used for the early diagnosis of tumors. We describe the fundamental design of the probe in terms of three units and focus on the roles of different nanomaterials in probe delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuyao Liu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Qi Shi
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Peng Qi
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ziming Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Tongyue Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Sijia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jiayan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zhaopei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vilà-Quintana L, Fort E, Pardo L, Albiol-Quer MT, Ortiz MR, Capdevila M, Feliu A, Bahí A, Llirós M, Aguilar E, García-Velasco A, Ginestà MM, Laquente B, Pozas D, Lluansí A, Pimenoff VN, Moreno V, Garcia-Gil LJ, Duell EJ, Carreras-Torres R, Aldeguer X. Exploring the Associations of Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers with Pancreatic Diseases: An Observational and Mendelian Randomisation Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2247. [PMID: 38673519 PMCID: PMC11050604 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Identifying biomarkers linked to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) is crucial for early detection, treatment, and prevention. Methods: Association analyses of 10 serological biomarkers involved in cell signalling (IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10), oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme activities, total glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels), and intestinal permeability proteins (zonulin, I-FABP2) were conducted across PDAC (n = 12), CP (n = 21) and control subjects (n = 23). A Mendelian randomisation (MR) approach was used to assess causality of the identified significant associations in two large genetic cohorts (FinnGen and UK Biobank). Results: Observational results showed a downregulation of SOD and GPx antioxidant enzyme activities in PDAC and CP patients, respectively, and higher MDA levels in CP patients. Logistic regression models revealed significant associations between CP and SOD activity (OR = 0.21, 95% CI [0.05, 0.89], per SD), GPx activity (OR = 0.28, 95% CI [0.10, 0.79], per SD), and MDA levels (OR = 2.05, 95% CI [1.36, 3.08], per SD). MR analyses, however, did not support causality. Conclusions: These findings would not support oxidative stress-related biomarkers as potential targets for pancreatic diseases prevention. Yet, further research is encouraged to assess their viability as non-invasive tools for early diagnosis, particularly in pre-diagnostic CP populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vilà-Quintana
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Department of Gastroenterology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, 17190 Salt, Spain; (L.V.-Q.); (E.F.); (L.P.); (M.C.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (E.A.); (D.P.); (L.J.G.-G.)
| | - Esther Fort
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Department of Gastroenterology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, 17190 Salt, Spain; (L.V.-Q.); (E.F.); (L.P.); (M.C.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (E.A.); (D.P.); (L.J.G.-G.)
| | - Laura Pardo
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Department of Gastroenterology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, 17190 Salt, Spain; (L.V.-Q.); (E.F.); (L.P.); (M.C.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (E.A.); (D.P.); (L.J.G.-G.)
| | - Maria T. Albiol-Quer
- General and Digestive Surgery Group, Department of Surgery, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, 17007 Girona, Spain;
| | - Maria Rosa Ortiz
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, 17007 Girona, Spain;
| | - Montserrat Capdevila
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Department of Gastroenterology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, 17190 Salt, Spain; (L.V.-Q.); (E.F.); (L.P.); (M.C.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (E.A.); (D.P.); (L.J.G.-G.)
| | - Anna Feliu
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Department of Gastroenterology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, 17190 Salt, Spain; (L.V.-Q.); (E.F.); (L.P.); (M.C.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (E.A.); (D.P.); (L.J.G.-G.)
| | - Anna Bahí
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Department of Gastroenterology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, 17190 Salt, Spain; (L.V.-Q.); (E.F.); (L.P.); (M.C.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (E.A.); (D.P.); (L.J.G.-G.)
| | - Marc Llirós
- Bioinformatics and Bioimaging (BI-SQUARED) Research Group, Biosciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, Technology and Engineerings, Universitat de Vic—Universitat Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain;
| | - Esther Aguilar
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Department of Gastroenterology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, 17190 Salt, Spain; (L.V.-Q.); (E.F.); (L.P.); (M.C.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (E.A.); (D.P.); (L.J.G.-G.)
| | - Adelaida García-Velasco
- Precision Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Institut Català d’Oncologia (ICO), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, 17007 Girona, Spain;
| | - Mireia M. Ginestà
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Oncobell Program, CIBERONC, Institut Català d’Oncologia (ICO), Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Berta Laquente
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia (ICO), Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Débora Pozas
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Department of Gastroenterology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, 17190 Salt, Spain; (L.V.-Q.); (E.F.); (L.P.); (M.C.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (E.A.); (D.P.); (L.J.G.-G.)
| | - Aleix Lluansí
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Ville Nikolai Pimenoff
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology—CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden;
- Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Victor Moreno
- Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and health Sciences and Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems (UBICS), University of Barcelona (UB), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Libadro Jesús Garcia-Gil
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Department of Gastroenterology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, 17190 Salt, Spain; (L.V.-Q.); (E.F.); (L.P.); (M.C.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (E.A.); (D.P.); (L.J.G.-G.)
| | - Eric J. Duell
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Institut Català d’Oncologia (ICO), Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Robert Carreras-Torres
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Department of Gastroenterology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, 17190 Salt, Spain; (L.V.-Q.); (E.F.); (L.P.); (M.C.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (E.A.); (D.P.); (L.J.G.-G.)
| | - Xavier Aldeguer
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Department of Gastroenterology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, 17190 Salt, Spain; (L.V.-Q.); (E.F.); (L.P.); (M.C.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (E.A.); (D.P.); (L.J.G.-G.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Elango A, Nesam VD, Sukumar P, Lawrence I, Radhakrishnan A. Postbiotic butyrate: role and its effects for being a potential drug and biomarker to pancreatic cancer. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:156. [PMID: 38480544 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03914-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Postbiotics are produced by microbes and have recently gained importance in the field of oncology due to their beneficial effects to the host, effectiveness against cancer cells, and their ability to suppress inflammation. In particular, butyrate dominates over all other postbiotics both in quantity and anticancer properties. Pancreatic cancer (PC), being one of the most malignant and lethal cancers, reported a decreased 5-year survival rate in less than 10% of the patients. PC causes an increased mortality rate due to its inability to be detected at an early stage but still a promising strategy for its diagnosis has not been achieved yet. It is necessary to diagnose Pancreatic cancer before the metastatic progression stage. The available blood biomarkers lack accurate and proficient diagnostic results. Postbiotic butyrate is produced by gut microbiota such as Rhuminococcus and Faecalibacterium it is involved in cell signalling pathways, autophagy, and cell cycle regulation, and reduction in butyrate concentration is associated with the occurrence of pancreatic cancer. The postbiotic butyrate is a potential biomarker that could detect PC at an early stage, before the metastatic progression stage. Thus, this review focused on the gut microbiota butyrate's role in pancreatic cancer and the immuno-suppressive environment, its effects on histone deacetylase and other immune cells, microbes in major butyrate synthesis pathways, current biomarkers in use for Pancreatic Cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abinaya Elango
- Department of Pharmacology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Vineeta Debbie Nesam
- Department of Pharmacology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Padmaja Sukumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Infancia Lawrence
- Priyadharshani Research and Development, Kelambakkam, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Arunkumar Radhakrishnan
- Department of Pharmacology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wu B, Zhang G, Zhao X, Wang J, Wang D, Zhang Y, Yu M, Cai H. Assessment of the association between D-dimer levels and clinicopathological characteristics of pancreatic cancer and its role in prognosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Asian J Surg 2024:S1015-9584(24)00301-4. [PMID: 38453610 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2024.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
According to previous studies, D-dimer levels are associated with the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer (PC). However, the results of current studies are limited and controversial. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to assess the relationship between D-dimer levels and prognostic and pathological characteristics of PC patients. We first searched the databases of PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web Of Science, CBM, VIP, CNKI and Wanfang to identify available studies. The relationship between pretreatment d-dimer levels and prognosis in PC patients was assessed using the combined hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The combined odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used in assessing the relationship between pathological characteristics and d-dimer levels in PC patients. Stata 12.0 software was used for all statistical analyses. In total, we included 13 studies involving 2777 patients. The results showed that elevated pre-treatment d -dimer levels were significantly associated with OS deterioration (HR = 1.46 95% CI: 1.34-1.59; p < 0.001). We also performed subgroup analyses based on sample size, d -dimer threshold, follow-up time, and HR source to further validate the prognostic value of pretreatment d -dimer levels in PC. In addition, according to the analysis, high pretreatment d -dimer levels in PC patients were associated with late tumor stage (OR = 4.78, 95% CI 1.73-13.20, p < 0. 005), larger tumor size (OR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.25-2.35, p < 0.005), and distant metastasis of tumor (OR = 5.06, 95% CI 2.45-10.43, p < 0.005) were significantly associated. In contrast, other clinicopathological factors, including age, gender and lymph node metastasis, were not associated with d-dimer levels. In conclusion, we found that high pre-treatment d-dimer levels were associated with a poor prognosis in PC patients, in relation to later tumor stage, larger tumor size and the development of distant metastases. Plasma d-dimer levels can be used as a biomarker of prognosis in PC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China; General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China; General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiashuang Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China; General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jie Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China; General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Da Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China; General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, China
| | - Yipeng Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China; General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China; General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hui Cai
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China; General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kashiro A, Kobayashi M, Oh T, Miyamoto M, Atsumi J, Nagashima K, Takeuchi K, Nara S, Hijioka S, Morizane C, Kikuchi S, Kato S, Kato K, Ochiai H, Obata D, Shizume Y, Konishi H, Nomura Y, Matsuyama K, Xie C, Wong C, Huang Y, Jung G, Srivastava S, Kutsumi H, Honda K. Clinical development of a blood biomarker using apolipoprotein-A2 isoforms for early detection of pancreatic cancer. J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:263-278. [PMID: 38261000 PMCID: PMC10904523 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-023-02072-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously reported apolipoprotein A2-isoforms (apoA2-is) as candidate plasma biomarkers for early-stage pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was the clinical development of apoA2-is. METHODS We established a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent sandwich assay for apoA2-is under the Japanese medical device Quality Management System requirements and performed in vitro diagnostic tests with prespecified end points using 2732 plasma samples. The clinical equivalence and significance of apoA2-is were compared with CA19-9. RESULTS The point estimate of the area under the curve to distinguish between pancreatic cancer (n = 106) and healthy controls (n = 106) was higher for apoA2-ATQ/AT [0.879, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.832-0.925] than for CA19-9 (0.849, 95% CI 0.793-0.905) and achieved the primary end point. The cutoff apoA2-ATQ/AT of 59.5 μg/mL was defined based on a specificity of 95% in 2000 healthy samples, and the reliability of specificities was confirmed in two independent healthy cohorts as 95.3% (n = 106, 95% CI 89.4-98.0%) and 95.8% (n = 400, 95% CI 93.3-97.3%). The sensitivities of apoA2-ATQ/AT for detecting both stage I (47.4%) and I/II (50%) pancreatic cancers were higher than those of CA19-9 (36.8% and 46.7%, respectively). The combination of apoA2-ATQ/AT (cutoff, 59.5 μg/mL) and CA19-9 (37 U/mL) increased the sensitivity for pancreatic cancer to 87.7% compared with 69.8% for CA19-9 alone. The clinical performance of apoA2-is was blindly confirmed by the National Cancer Institute Early Detection Research Network. CONCLUSIONS The clinical performance of ApoA2-ATQ/AT as a blood biomarker is equivalent to or better than that of CA19-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Kashiro
- Department of Bioregulation, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Michimoto Kobayashi
- Toray Industries, Inc., 2-1-1 Muromachi Nihonbashi, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 103-8666, Japan
| | - Takanori Oh
- Toray Industries, Inc., 2-1-1 Muromachi Nihonbashi, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 103-8666, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Miyamoto
- Toray Industries, Inc., 2-1-1 Muromachi Nihonbashi, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 103-8666, Japan
| | - Jun Atsumi
- Toray Industries, Inc., 2-1-1 Muromachi Nihonbashi, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 103-8666, Japan
| | - Kengo Nagashima
- Keio University Hospital, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Keiko Takeuchi
- Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nara
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Susumu Hijioka
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Chigusa Morizane
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Shojiro Kikuchi
- Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Shingo Kato
- Department of Clinical Cancer Genomics, Yokohama City University Hospital, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Ken Kato
- Department of Head and Neck Esophageal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ochiai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Daisuke Obata
- Center for Clinical Research and Advanced Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukiwamachi Seta, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yuya Shizume
- Toray Industries, Inc., 2-1-1 Muromachi Nihonbashi, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 103-8666, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Konishi
- Japan Cancer Society, 5-3-3 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yumiko Nomura
- Japan Cancer Society, 5-3-3 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Kotone Matsuyama
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Cassie Xie
- Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Epidemiology Program, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Christin Wong
- Bio Tool Department (Toray Molecular Oncology Lab.), Toray International America Inc., Brisbane, CA, 94005, USA
| | - Ying Huang
- Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Epidemiology Program, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Giman Jung
- Bio Tool Department (Toray Molecular Oncology Lab.), Toray International America Inc., Brisbane, CA, 94005, USA
| | - Sudhir Srivastava
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- National Cancer Institute Early Detection Research Network, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Hiromu Kutsumi
- Center for Clinical Research and Advanced Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukiwamachi Seta, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Honda
- Department of Bioregulation, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan.
- Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hammad G, Mamdouh S, Seoudi DM, Seleem MI, Safwat G, Mohamed RH. Elevated expression patterns of P-element Induced Wimpy Testis (PIWI) transcripts are potential candidate markers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2024; 39:95-111. [PMID: 38043006 PMCID: PMC11002723 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-230134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND P-Element-induced wimpy testis (PIWI) proteins, when in combination with PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA), are engaged in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression in germline cells. Different types of tumour cells have been found to exhibit abnormal expression of piRNA, PIWIL-mRNAs, and proteins. We aimed to determine the mRNA expression profiles of PIWIL1, PIWIL2, PIWIL3, & PIWIL4, in hepatocellular carcinoma patients, and to associate their expression patterns with clinicopathological features. METHODS The expression patterns of PIWIL1, PIWIL2, PIWIL3, PIWIL4 mRNA, was assessed via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-QPCR), on tissue and serum samples from HCC patients, their impact for diagnosis was evaluated by ROC curves, prognostic utility was determined, and In Silico analysis was conducted for predicted variant detection, association with HCC microRNAs and Network Analysis. RESULTS Expression levels were significantly higher in both HCC tissue and serum samples than in their respective controls (p< 0.001). Additionally, the diagnostic performance was assessed, Risk determination was found to be statistically significant. CONCLUSION PIWIL mRNAs are overexpressed in HCC tissue and serum samples, the expression patterns could be valuable molecular markers for HCC, due to their association with age, tumour grade and pattern. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to report the expression levels of all PIWIL mRNA and to suggest their remarkable values as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, in addition to their correlation to HCC development. Additionally, a therapeutic opportunity might be also suggested through in silico miRNA prediction for HCC and PIWIL genes through DDX4 and miR-124-3p.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gehan Hammad
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences & Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samah Mamdouh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Mohamed Seoudi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ismail Seleem
- Department of Surgery, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gehan Safwat
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences & Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Rania Hassan Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xiang Z, Xie Q, Yu Z. Exosomal DNA: Role in Reflecting Tumor Genetic Heterogeneity, Diagnosis, and Disease Monitoring. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:57. [PMID: 38201485 PMCID: PMC10778000 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), with exosomes at the forefront, are key in transferring cellular information and assorted biological materials, including nucleic acids. While exosomal RNA has been thoroughly examined, exploration into exosomal DNA (exoDNA)-which is stable and promising for cancer diagnostics-lags behind. This hybrid genetic material, combining contributions from both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), is rooted in the cytoplasm. The enigmatic process concerning its cytoplasmic encapsulation continues to captivate researchers. Covering the entire genetic landscape, exoDNA encases significant oncogenic alterations in genes like TP53, ALK, and IDH1, which is vital for clinical assessment. This review delves into exosomal origins, the ins and outs of DNA encapsulation, and exoDNA's link to tumor biology, underscoring its superiority to circulating tumor DNA in the biomarker arena for both detection and therapy. Amidst scientific progress, there are complexities in the comprehension and practical application of the exoDNA surface. Reflecting on these nuances, we chart the prospective research terrain and potential pitfalls, forging a path for future inquiry. By illuminating both the known and unknown facets of exoDNA, the objective of this review is to provide guidance to the field of liquid biopsy (LB) while minimizing the occurrence of avoidable blind spots and detours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China;
| | - Qihui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China;
| | - Zili Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China;
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vahabi M, Comandatore A, Centra C, Blandino G, Morelli L, Giovannetti E. Thinking small to win big? A critical review on the potential application of extracellular vesicles for biomarker discovery and new therapeutic approaches in pancreatic cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 97:50-67. [PMID: 37956937 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an extremely deadly form of cancer, with limited progress in 5-year survival rates despite significant research efforts. The main challenges in treating PDAC include difficulties in early detection, and resistance to current therapeutic approaches due to aggressive molecular and microenvironment features. These challenges emphasize the importance of identifying clinically validated biomarkers for early detection and clinical management. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, have emerged as crucial mediators of intercellular communication by transporting molecular cargo. Recent research has unveiled their role in initiation, metastasis, and chemoresistance of PDAC. Consequently, utilizing EVs in liquid biopsies holds promise for the identification of biomarkers for early detection, prognosis, and monitoring of drug efficacy. However, numerous limitations, including challenges in isolation and characterization of homogeneous EVs populations, as well as the absence of standardized protocols, can affect the reliability of studies involving EVs as biomarkers, underscoring the necessity for a prudent approach. EVs have also garnered considerable attention as a promising drug delivery system and novel therapy for tumors. The loading of biomolecules or chemical drugs into exosomes and their subsequent delivery to target cells can effectively impede tumor progression. Nevertheless, there are obstacles that must be overcome to ensure the accuracy and efficacy of therapies relying on EVs for the treatment of tumors. In this review, we examine both recent advancements and remaining obstacles, exploring the potential of utilizing EVs in biomarker discovery as well as for the development of drug delivery vehicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahrou Vahabi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Annalisa Comandatore
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; General Surgery Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Centra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Laboratory, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Morelli
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Aderinto N, Abdulbasit MO, Olatunji D, Edun M. Unveiling the potential of galectin-3 as a diagnostic biomarker for pancreatic cancer: a review. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:5557-5567. [PMID: 37915694 PMCID: PMC10617888 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection of pancreatic cancer is crucial for improving patient outcomes, and identifying reliable biomarkers is a critical research area in this field. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a promising candidate for utilisation as a diagnostic biomarker in early-stage pancreatic cancer. This review aims to explore the potential of Gal-3 in pancreatic cancer diagnosis and its implications for precision medicine. Rigorous validation studies are essential to establish the clinical utility of Gal-3, including large-scale investigations to assess its sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value. Combining Gal-3 with existing biomarkers and advanced imaging techniques may enhance the accuracy of early detection. Moreover, Gal-3 holds promise for risk stratification, enabling the identification of high-risk individuals who could benefit from intensified surveillance and early interventions. However, challenges in standardised testing protocols, establishing reference ranges, assay reliability, workflow integration, cost-effectiveness, and healthcare provider education must be addressed for successful implementation. Despite these challenges, Gal-3 presents significant implications for precision medicine in pancreatic cancer management. By unravelling its potential and overcoming the hurdles, Gal-3 could revolutionise early detection, risk stratification, and personalised approaches in pancreatic cancer care. Collaborative efforts and continued research will be crucial in harnessing the full potential of Gal-3 as a diagnostic biomarker for early-stage pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Aderinto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology. Ogbomoso, Oyo-State
| | - Muili O. Abdulbasit
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology. Ogbomoso, Oyo-State
| | - Deji Olatunji
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Mariam Edun
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Álvarez-Hilario LG, Salmerón-Bárcenas EG, Ávila-López PA, Hernández-Montes G, Aréchaga-Ocampo E, Herrera-Goepfert R, Albores-Saavedra J, Manzano-Robleda MDC, Saldívar-Cerón HI, Martínez-Frías SP, Thompson-Bonilla MDR, Vargas M, Hernández-Rivas R. Circulating miRNAs as Noninvasive Biomarkers for PDAC Diagnosis and Prognosis in Mexico. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15193. [PMID: 37894871 PMCID: PMC10607652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Among malignant neoplasms, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has one of the highest fatality rates due to its late detection. Therefore, it is essential to discover a noninvasive, early, specific, and sensitive diagnostic method. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are attractive biomarkers because they are accessible, highly specific, and sensitive. It is crucial to find miRNAs that could be used as possible biomarkers because PDAC is the eighth most common cause of cancer death in Mexico. With the help of microRNA microarrays, differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were found in PDAC tissues. The presence of these DEmiRNAs in the plasma of Mexican patients with PDAC was determined using RT-qPCR. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the diagnostic capacity of these DEmiRNAs. Gene Expression Omnibus datasets (GEO) were employed to verify our results. The Prisma V8 statistical analysis program was used. Four DEmiRNAs in plasma from PDAC patients and microarray tissues were found. Serum samples from patients with PDAC were used to validate their overexpression in GEO databases. We discovered a new panel of the two miRNAs miR-222-3p and miR-221-3p that could be used to diagnose PDAC, and when miR-221-3p and miR-222-3p were overexpressed, survival rates decreased. Therefore, miR-222-3p and miR-221-3p might be employed as noninvasive indicators for the diagnosis and survival of PDAC in Mexican patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lissuly Guadalupe Álvarez-Hilario
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 07360, Mexico; (L.G.Á.-H.); (E.G.S.-B.); (P.A.Á.-L.); (H.I.S.-C.); (M.V.)
| | - Eric Genaro Salmerón-Bárcenas
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 07360, Mexico; (L.G.Á.-H.); (E.G.S.-B.); (P.A.Á.-L.); (H.I.S.-C.); (M.V.)
| | - Pedro Antonio Ávila-López
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 07360, Mexico; (L.G.Á.-H.); (E.G.S.-B.); (P.A.Á.-L.); (H.I.S.-C.); (M.V.)
| | - Georgina Hernández-Montes
- Coordinación de la Investigación Científica, Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 14080, Mexico;
| | - Elena Aréchaga-Ocampo
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 05300, Mexico;
| | - Roberto Herrera-Goepfert
- Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 14080, Mexico;
| | - Jorge Albores-Saavedra
- Departamento de Patología, Medica Sur Clínica y Fundación, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 14050, Mexico;
| | | | - Héctor Iván Saldívar-Cerón
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 07360, Mexico; (L.G.Á.-H.); (E.G.S.-B.); (P.A.Á.-L.); (H.I.S.-C.); (M.V.)
| | - Sandra Paola Martínez-Frías
- Departamento de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Avenida Vasco de Quiroga No.15, Colonia Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 14080, Mexico
| | | | - Miguel Vargas
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 07360, Mexico; (L.G.Á.-H.); (E.G.S.-B.); (P.A.Á.-L.); (H.I.S.-C.); (M.V.)
| | - Rosaura Hernández-Rivas
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 07360, Mexico; (L.G.Á.-H.); (E.G.S.-B.); (P.A.Á.-L.); (H.I.S.-C.); (M.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Oyama H, Hamada T, Nakai Y, Tanaka M, Endo G, Hakuta R, Ishida K, Ishigaki K, Kanai S, Kurihara K, Saito T, Sato T, Suzuki T, Suzuki Y, Takaoka S, Tange S, Tokito Y, Takahara N, Ushiku T, Fujishiro M. Clinical trajectory of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms progressing to pancreatic carcinomas during long-term surveillance: a prospective series of 100 carcinoma cases. J Gastroenterol 2023; 58:1068-1080. [PMID: 37507590 PMCID: PMC10522754 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-023-02028-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trajectories of serological and morphological signatures have not been documented in pancreatic carcinogenesis related to intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs). METHODS Using a prospective cohort of 3437 IPMN patients, we identified 100 IPMN patients who developed pancreatic carcinomas during long-term surveillance. We examined serial changes of blood markers (carbohydrate antigen 19-9 [CA19-9], hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c], and pancreatic enzymes) and morphological features (worrisome features and high-risk stigmata) during the prediagnostic period of pancreatic carcinomas, overall and by carcinoma types (IPMN-derived vs. concomitant pancreatic carcinomas). RESULTS CA19-9 elevation was observed in 39 patients and was associated with a metastatic stage. Compared to IPMN-derived carcinomas, concomitant carcinomas were more likely to represent CA19-9 elevation (60% vs. 30%, respectively; P = 0.005). HbA1c levels elevated only in 3 patients. Pancreatic enzyme elevation was observed in 18 patients with no differences in frequencies between the carcinoma types. All patients with elevated levels of blood markers had positive findings on cross-sectional imaging. High-risk stigmata or worrisome features were observed in all patients but one with concomitant carcinoma. The most common types of worrisome features were the main pancreatic duct dilatation and CA19-9 elevation in IPMN-derived and concomitant carcinomas, respectively. Compared to IPMN-derived carcinomas, concomitant carcinomas were less likely to harbor high-risk stigmata (16% vs. 86%, respectively; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The usefulness of currently available blood biomarkers was limited in early detection of pancreatic carcinomas related to IPMNs. Morphological alterations were well correlated with long-term risk of IPMN-derived carcinomas, but not with that of concomitant carcinomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Oyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Medicine, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yousuke Nakai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Endoscopy and Endoscopic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo City, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Mariko Tanaka
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Go Endo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Hakuta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kota Ishida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunaga Ishigaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiko Kanai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Endoscopy and Endoscopic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo City, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kohei Kurihara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Saito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukari Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Takaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Tange
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yurie Tokito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naminatsu Takahara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ushiku
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Fujishiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ungkulpasvich U, Hatakeyama H, Hirotsu T, di Luccio E. Pancreatic Cancer and Detection Methods. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2557. [PMID: 37760999 PMCID: PMC10526344 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The pancreas is a vital organ with exocrine and endocrine functions. Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas caused by alcohol consumption and gallstones. This condition can heighten the risk of pancreatic cancer (PC), a challenging disease with a high mortality rate. Genetic and epigenetic factors contribute significantly to PC development, along with other risk factors. Early detection is crucial for improving PC outcomes. Diagnostic methods, including imagining modalities and tissue biopsy, aid in the detection and analysis of PC. In contrast, liquid biopsy (LB) shows promise in early tumor detection by assessing biomarkers in bodily fluids. Understanding the function of the pancreas, associated diseases, risk factors, and available diagnostic methods is essential for effective management and early PC detection. The current clinical examination of PC is challenging due to its asymptomatic early stages and limitations of highly precise diagnostics. Screening is recommended for high-risk populations and individuals with potential benign tumors. Among various PC screening methods, the N-NOSE plus pancreas test stands out with its high AUC of 0.865. Compared to other commercial products, the N-NOSE plus pancreas test offers a cost-effective solution for early detection. However, additional diagnostic tests are required for confirmation. Further research, validation, and the development of non-invasive screening methods and standardized scoring systems are crucial to enhance PC detection and improve patient outcomes. This review outlines the context of pancreatic cancer and the challenges for early detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umbhorn Ungkulpasvich
- Hirotsu Bioscience Inc., 22F The New Otani Garden Court, 4-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0094, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Hatakeyama
- Hirotsu Bioscience Inc., 22F The New Otani Garden Court, 4-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0094, Japan
| | - Takaaki Hirotsu
- Hirotsu Bioscience Inc., 22F The New Otani Garden Court, 4-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0094, Japan
| | - Eric di Luccio
- Hirotsu Bioscience Inc., 22F The New Otani Garden Court, 4-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0094, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bararia A, Das A, Mitra S, Banerjee S, Chatterjee A, Sikdar N. Deoxyribonucleic acid methylation driven aberrations in pancreatic cancer-related pathways. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:1505-1519. [PMID: 37746645 PMCID: PMC10514732 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i9.1505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PanCa) presents a catastrophic disease with poor overall survival at advanced stages, with immediate requirement of new and effective treatment options. Besides genetic mutations, epigenetic dysregulation of signaling pathway-associated enriched genes are considered as novel therapeutic target. Mechanisms beneath the deoxyribonucleic acid methylation and its utility in developing of epi-drugs in PanCa are under trails. Combinations of epigenetic medicines with conventional cytotoxic treatments or targeted therapy are promising options to improving the dismal response and survival rate of PanCa patients. Recent studies have identified potentially valid pathways that support the prediction that future PanCa clinical trials will include vigorous testing of epigenomic therapies. Epigenetics thus promises to generate a significant amount of new knowledge of biological and medical importance. Our review could identify various components of epigenetic mechanisms known to be involved in the initiation and development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and related precancerous lesions, and novel pharmacological strategies that target these components could potentially lead to breakthroughs. We aim to highlight the possibilities that exist and the potential therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akash Bararia
- Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700108, India
| | - Amlan Das
- Department of Biochemistry, Royal Global University, Assam 781035, India
| | - Sangeeta Mitra
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Sudeep Banerjee
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata 700160, India
| | - Aniruddha Chatterjee
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Nilabja Sikdar
- Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700108, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kudelka MR, Gu W, Matsumoto Y, Ju T, Barnes II RH, Kardish RJ, Heimburg-Molinaro J, Lehoux S, Zeng J, Cohen C, Robinson BS, Shah KS, Chaikof EL, Stowell SR, Cummings RD. Targeting altered glycosylation in secreted tumor glycoproteins for broad cancer detection. Glycobiology 2023; 33:567-578. [PMID: 37216646 PMCID: PMC10426321 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop new tumor biomarkers for early cancer detection, but the variability of tumor-derived antigens has been a limitation. Here we demonstrate a novel anti-Tn antibody microarray platform to detect Tn+ glycoproteins, a near universal antigen in carcinoma-derived glycoproteins, for broad detection of cancer. The platform uses a specific recombinant IgG1 to the Tn antigen (CD175) as a capture reagent and a recombinant IgM to the Tn antigen as a detecting reagent. These reagents were validated by immunohistochemistry in recognizing the Tn antigen using hundreds of human tumor specimens. Using this approach, we could detect Tn+ glycoproteins at subnanogram levels using cell lines and culture media, serum, and stool samples from mice engineered to express the Tn antigen in intestinal epithelial cells. The development of a general cancer detection platform using recombinant antibodies for detection of altered tumor glycoproteins expressing a unique antigen could have a significant impact on cancer detection and monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Kudelka
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, United States
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Yasuyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Tongzhong Ju
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, United States
| | - Richard H Barnes II
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Robert J Kardish
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Jamie Heimburg-Molinaro
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Sylvain Lehoux
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Junwei Zeng
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Cynthia Cohen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, United States
| | - Brian S Robinson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, United States
| | - Kinjal S Shah
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, United States
| | - Elliot L Chaikof
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Sean R Stowell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30033, United States
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Janga LSN, Sambe HG, Yasir M, Man RK, Gogikar A, Nanda A, Mohammed L. Holistic Understanding of the Role of Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 in Pancreatic Cancer Screening, Early Diagnosis, and Prognosis: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e44382. [PMID: 37671217 PMCID: PMC10476147 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a significant challenge due to its silent progression and well-advanced, unresectable, complicated presentation. Detecting this disease early on is crucial, and researchers have been investigating various potential biological markers, such as carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), hoping to find indicators that can aid in its early detection. The primary focus of this review is on the diagnostic usefulness of CA 19-9 in detecting pancreatic cancer (PC) in the beginning stage and its usefulness in predicting progression. The database search of articles from PubMed, PMC, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar identified 227 articles published from 2013 to 2023. The keyword mix used in the search technique included terms like "CA 19-9," "pancreatic cancer," "diagnosis," and "early detection." This study provides evidence of CA 19-9's ability in detecting PDAC in the pre-diagnostic stage. But since the outcomes were inconsistent among the included trials, further analysis is required to develop standardized diagnostic criteria and methodologies. Furthermore, because of the variability of the study, it is not easy to make firm conclusions on CA 19-9's sensitivity as well as specificity in the first stage of pancreatic neoplasm. This in-depth overview of the available literature provides new insights into using CA 19-9 as a biological marker for detecting undiagnosed PC before progressing into the advanced stage, and was proven beneficial. However, this has to be shown in broader research with adequate sample size. Although it shows promise as a diagnostic tool, further study is required to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hembashima G Sambe
- Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Mohamed Yasir
- Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Ruzhual K Man
- Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Amaresh Gogikar
- Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Ankita Nanda
- Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Lubna Mohammed
- Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Senaratne M, Swami SS, Aye SL, Trivedi Y, Bolgarina Z, Desai HN, Mohammed L. Clinical Value of Circulating microRNAs in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e43931. [PMID: 37746488 PMCID: PMC10513118 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancers and has a high mortality rate due to high invasiveness and rapid progression. Microribonucleic acid (microRNA) plays an essential role in diagnosing PC in the early stages, which improves the five-year survival rate. This systematic review aims to highlight the different subtypes of serum and plasma microRNAs and panel-based assays of microRNAs and how they play a crucial role in the diagnosis and prognosis of PC as a high-sensitive and specific novel biomarker. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, an in-depth search was performed by using regular keywords and major Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) keywords in PubMed (MEDLINE), PubMed Central, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library for articles related to this topic and published between 2013 and 2023, up to April 18, 2023. Further eligibility criteria and quality assessment tools were employed to assess the risk of bias, and 13 articles were finalized to be used in this review. The chosen articles included five cross-sectional studies, six systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and two literature reviews. This review provides strong evidence of the usage of microRNA for early diagnosis. It can also be used to exclude differential diagnoses of other diseases, and its prognostic value for determining metastasis and therapeutic efficacy in PC patients. Also, combining microRNA panels with carbohydrate antigen 19.9 (CA19-9) improves the sensitivity and specificity of microRNA as a biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mithum Senaratne
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Shivling S Swami
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Soe Lwin Aye
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Yash Trivedi
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Zoryana Bolgarina
- Obstetrics & Gynecology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Heet N Desai
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Lubna Mohammed
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bures J, Kohoutova D, Skrha J, Bunganic B, Ngo O, Suchanek S, Skrha P, Zavoral M. Diabetes Mellitus in Pancreatic Cancer: A Distinct Approach to Older Subjects with New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3669. [PMID: 37509329 PMCID: PMC10377806 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with a very poor prognosis, with near-identical incidence and mortality. According to the World Health Organization Globocan Database, the estimated number of new cases worldwide will rise by 70% between 2020 and 2040. There are no effective screening methods available so far, even for high-risk individuals. The prognosis of PDAC, even at its early stages, is still mostly unsatisfactory. Impaired glucose metabolism is present in about 3/4 of PDAC cases. METHODS Available literature on pancreatic cancer and diabetes mellitus was reviewed using a PubMed database. Data from a national oncology registry (on PDAC) and information from a registry of healthcare providers (on diabetes mellitus and a number of abdominal ultrasound investigations) were obtained. RESULTS New-onset diabetes mellitus in subjects older than 60 years should be an incentive for a prompt and detailed investigation to exclude PDAC. Type 2 diabetes mellitus, diabetes mellitus associated with chronic non-malignant diseases of the exocrine pancreas, and PDAC-associated type 3c diabetes mellitus are the most frequent types. Proper differentiation of particular types of new-onset diabetes mellitus is a starting point for a population-based program. An algorithm for subsequent steps of the workup was proposed. CONCLUSIONS The structured, well-differentiated, and elaborately designed approach to the elderly with a new onset of diabetes mellitus could improve the current situation in diagnostics and subsequent poor outcomes of therapy of PDAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bures
- Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Military University Hospital Prague, 169 02 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague and Military University Hospital Prague, 169 02 Prague, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Darina Kohoutova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Jan Skrha
- Third Department of Internal Medicine-Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Bohus Bunganic
- Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague and Military University Hospital Prague, 169 02 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Ngo
- Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, 128 01 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stepan Suchanek
- Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Military University Hospital Prague, 169 02 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague and Military University Hospital Prague, 169 02 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Skrha
- Department of Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Zavoral
- Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Military University Hospital Prague, 169 02 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague and Military University Hospital Prague, 169 02 Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chen J, Fu B, Xiang Z, Chen X, Wang L, Qin Y, Zhao X, Zhou X, Liu P, Huang B. Sensitive amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assay for the quantitative detection of CA242. J Immunol Methods 2023; 517:113487. [PMID: 37156407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2023.113487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We here developed a sensitive and stable amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assay (AlphaLISA) method for fast quantification of CA242 in human serum. Donor and acceptor beads modified with carboxyl groups could be coupled with CA242 antibodies after activation in the AlphaLISA method. CA242 was rapidly detected by the double antibody sandwich immunoassay. The method yielded good linearity (>0.996) and detection range (0.16-400 U/mL). The intra-assay precisions of CA242-AlphaLISA were between 3.43% and 6.81% (< 10%), and the inter-assay precisions were between 4.06% and 9.56% (< 15%). The relative recoveries ranged from 89.61% to 107.29%. Detection time for the CA242-AlphaLISA method was only 20 min. Moreover, results of CA242-AlphaLISA and time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay had satisfactory correlation and consistency (ρ = 0.9852). The method was successfully applied to the analysis of human serum samples. Meanwhile, serum CA242 has a good detection value in the identification and diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and the monitoring of disease degree. Furthermore, the proposed AlphaLISA method is expected to be an alternative to traditional detection methods, laying a good foundation for the further development of kits to detect other biomarkers in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianye Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Benqi Fu
- Sichuan Friendship Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongyi Xiang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xindong Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Zhao
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiumei Zhou
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Jiangyin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Biao Huang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kong W, Zhu L, Li T, Chen J, Fan B, Ji W, Zhang C, Cai X, Hu C, Sun X, Cao P. Azeliragon inhibits PAK1 and enhances the therapeutic efficacy of AKT inhibitors in pancreatic cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 948:175703. [PMID: 37028543 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a lethal malignancy for which there is currently no effective treatment strategy. We previously reported that p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) is aberrantly expressed in pancreatic cancer patients and that targeted inhibition of PAK1 significantly suppressed pancreatic cancer progression in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we identified the drug azeliragon as a novel inhibitor of PAK1. Cell experiments revealed that azeliragon abolished PAK1 activation and promoted apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Azeliragon was also found to significantly inhibit tumor growth in a pancreatic cancer xenograft model; when combined with afuresertib, an oral pan-AKT kinase inhibitor, azeliragon exhibited a strong synergistic effect against pancreatic cancer cells. Interestingly, afuresertib enhanced the antitumor efficacy of azeliragon in a xenograft mouse model. Collectively, our findings revealed previously unreported aspects of the drug azeliragon, and identified a novel combination strategy for the treatment of pancreatic cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Kong
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, China
| | - Lingxia Zhu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiao Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Fan
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjing Ji
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunli Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueting Cai
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunping Hu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Peng Cao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wnuk J, Strzelczyk JK, Gisterek I. Clinical Value of Circulating miRNA in Diagnosis, Prognosis, Screening and Monitoring Therapy of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma-A Review of the Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065113. [PMID: 36982210 PMCID: PMC10049684 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is considered to be the seventh most common cause of cancer-related deaths. The number of deaths caused by PC is estimated to increase in the future. An early diagnosis of PC is crucial for improving treatment outcomes. The most common histopathological subtype of PC is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). MicroRNAs (miRNAs)-which are endogenous non-coding RNAs involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of multiple gene expression-constitute useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in various neoplasms, including PDAC. Circulating miRNAs detected in a patient's serum or plasma are drawing more and more attention. Hence, this review aims at evaluating the clinical value of circulating miRNA in the screening, diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Wnuk
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 35 Ceglana St., 40-515 Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Iwona Gisterek
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 35 Ceglana St., 40-515 Katowice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Caba O, Diéguez-Castillo C, Martínez-Galán J, González-Cebrián I, Jiménez-Luna C. Serum biomarkers for the differentiation of autoimmune pancreatitis from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:268-275. [PMID: 36908319 PMCID: PMC9994052 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i2.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP), a chronic inflammation caused by the immune system attacking the pancreas, usually presents imaging and clinical features that overlap with those of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Serum biomarkers, substances that quantitatively change in sera during disease development, are a promising non-invasive tool with high utility for differentiating between these diseases. In this way, the presence of AIP is currently suspected when serum concentrations of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) antibody are elevated. However, this approach has some drawbacks. Notably, IgG4 antibody concentrations are also elevated in sera from some patients with PDAC. This review focuses on the most recent and relevant serum biomarkers proposed to differentiate between AIP and PDAC, evaluating the usefulness of immunoglobulins, autoantibodies, chemokines, and cytokines. The proposed serum biomarkers have proven useful, although most studies had a small sample size, did not examine their presence in patients with PDAC, or did not test them in humans. In addition, current evidence suggests that a single serum biomarker is unlikely to accurately differentiate these diseases and that a set of biomarkers will be needed to achieve adequate specificity and sensitivity, either alone or in combination with clinical data and/or radiological images.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Octavio Caba
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, Granada 18016, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Joaquina Martínez-Galán
- Department of Medical Oncology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada 18014, Spain. Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Jiménez-Luna
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, Granada 18016, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Identification of the Genetic Association Between Type-2-Diabetes and Pancreatic Cancer. Biochem Genet 2022; 61:1143-1162. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
29
|
MicroRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in pancreatic cancer: From epigenetics to potential clinical applications. Transl Oncol 2022; 27:101579. [PMID: 36332600 PMCID: PMC9637816 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two relevant classes of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that play a pivotal role in a number of molecular processes through different epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of gene expression. As a matter of fact, the altered expression of these types of RNAs leads to the development and progression of a varied range of multifactorial human diseases. Several recent reports elucidated that miRNA and lncRNAs have been implicated in pancreatic cancer (PC). For instance, dysregulation of such ncRNAs has been found to be associated with chemoresistance, apoptosis, autophagy, cell differentiation, tumor suppression, tumor growth, cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in PC. Moreover, several aberrantly expressed miRNAs and lncRNAs have the potential to be used as biomarkers for accurate PC diagnosis. Additionally, miRNAs and lncRNAs are considered as promising clinical targets for PC. Therefore, in this review, we discuss recent experimental evidence regarding the clinical implications of miRNAs and lncRNAs in the pathophysiology of PC, their future potential, as well as the challenges that have arisen in this field of study in order to drive forward the design of ncRNA-based diagnostics and therapeutics for PC.
Collapse
|
30
|
Sammallahti H, Sarhadi VK, Kokkola A, Ghanbari R, Rezasoltani S, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Puolakkainen P, Knuutila S. Oncogenomic Changes in Pancreatic Cancer and Their Detection in Stool. Biomolecules 2022; 12:652. [PMID: 35625579 PMCID: PMC9171580 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an aggressive malignancy with a dismal prognosis. To improve patient survival, the development of screening methods for early diagnosis is pivotal. Oncogenomic alterations present in tumor tissue are a suitable target for non-invasive screening efforts, as they can be detected in tumor-derived cells, cell-free nucleic acids, and extracellular vesicles, which are present in several body fluids. Since stool is an easily accessible source, which enables convenient and cost-effective sampling, it could be utilized for the screening of these traces. Herein, we explore the various oncogenomic changes that have been detected in PC tissue, such as chromosomal aberrations, mutations in driver genes, epigenetic alterations, and differentially expressed non-coding RNA. In addition, we briefly look into the role of altered gut microbiota in PC and their possible associations with oncogenomic changes. We also review the findings of genomic alterations in stool of PC patients, and the potentials and challenges of their future use for the development of stool screening tools, including the possible combination of genomic and microbiota markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heidelinde Sammallahti
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
- Department of Surgery, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (A.K.); (P.P.)
| | - Virinder Kaur Sarhadi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Arto Kokkola
- Department of Surgery, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (A.K.); (P.P.)
| | - Reza Ghanbari
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 1411713135, Iran;
| | - Sama Rezasoltani
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 1985717411, Iran;
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 1985717411, Iran;
| | - Pauli Puolakkainen
- Department of Surgery, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (A.K.); (P.P.)
| | - Sakari Knuutila
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Saxena S, Molczyk C, Purohit A, Ehrhorn E, Goel P, Prajapati DR, Atri P, Kaur S, Grandgenett PM, Hollingsworth MA, Batra SK, Singh RK. Differential expression profile of CXC-receptor-2 ligands as potential biomarkers in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:68-90. [PMID: 35141005 PMCID: PMC8822283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of early detection markers of pancreatic cancer (PC) disease is highly warranted. We analyzed the expression profile of different CXC-receptor-2 (CXCR2) ligands in PC cases for the potential of biomarker candidates. Analysis of different PDAC microarray datasets with matched normal and pancreatic tumor samples and next-generation sequenced transcriptomics data using an online portal showed significantly high expression of CXCL-1, 3, 5, 6, 8 in the tumors of PC patients. High CXCL5 expression was correlated to poor PC patient survival. Interestingly, mRNA and protein expression analysis of human PC cell lines showed higher CXCL2, 3, and 5 expressions in cell lines derived from metastatic sites than primary tumors. Furthermore, we utilized immunohistochemistry (IHC) to evaluate the expression of CXCR2 ligands in the human PC tumors and observed positive staining for CXCL1, 3, and 8 with a higher average IHC composite score of CXCL3 in the PC tissue specimens than the normal pancreas. We also observed an increase in the expression of mouse CXCL1, 3, and 5 in the pre-cancerous lesions of tumors and metastasis tissues derived from the PDX-cre-LSL-KrasG12D mouse model. Together, our data suggest that different CXCR2 ligands show the potential of being utilized as a diagnostic biomarker in PC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sugandha Saxena
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950 Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, NE 68198-5900, USA
| | - Caitlin Molczyk
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950 Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, NE 68198-5900, USA
| | - Abhilasha Purohit
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950 Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, NE 68198-5900, USA
| | - Evie Ehrhorn
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950 Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, NE 68198-5900, USA
| | - Paran Goel
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950 Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, NE 68198-5900, USA
| | - Dipakkumar R Prajapati
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950 Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, NE 68198-5900, USA
| | - Pranita Atri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, NE 68198-5845, USA
| | - Sukhwinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, NE 68198-5845, USA
| | - Paul M Grandgenett
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Michael A Hollingsworth
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, NE 68198-5845, USA
| | - Rakesh K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950 Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, NE 68198-5900, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Janse van Rensburg HJ, Spiliopoulou P, Siu LL. OUP accepted manuscript. Oncologist 2022; 27:352-362. [PMID: 35285488 PMCID: PMC9074993 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyac047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating biomarkers have emerged as valuable surrogates for evaluating disease states in solid malignancies. Their relative ease of access and rapid turnover has bolstered clinical applications in monitoring treatment efficacy and cancer progression. In this review, the roles of various circulating biomarkers in monitoring treatment response are described. Non-specific markers of disease burden, tumor markers (eg CA 125, CEA, PSA, etc.), circulating tumor cells, nucleic acids, exosomes, and metabolomic arrays are highlighted. Specifically, the discovery of each of these markers is reviewed, with examples illustrating their use in influencing treatment decisions, and barriers to their application noted where these exist. Finally, opportunities for future work using these circulating biomarkers are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lillian L Siu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Corresponding author: Lillian L. Siu, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 700 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1Z5. Tel: +1 416 946 2911;
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yang M, Zhang CY. Diagnostic biomarkers for pancreatic cancer: An update. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:7862-7865. [PMID: 34963749 PMCID: PMC8661384 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i45.7862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma accounts for the primary type of pancreatic cancer (PC) with a 5-year survival rate of only about 10% in the United States. Early diagnosis will improve chances for curative treatment. To date, a broadly used serum marker for PC diagnosis is carbohydrate antigen 19-9, which is the only approved biomarker currently by the United States Food and Drug Administration. However, it has low specificity; therefore, development of novel biomarkers is urgently needed. Clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate candidate biomarkers for PC diagnosis, and the use of a multi-biomarker panel with current PC diagnostic biomarkers appears promising.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
| | - Chun-Ye Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
| |
Collapse
|