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Beydoun HA, Tsai J. Screening rates for hepatitis B and C among low-income US veterans: Data from the National Veteran Homeless and Other Poverty Experiences Study. J Viral Hepat 2024. [PMID: 38984865 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Screening for viral hepatitis is considered a high-priority area in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Yet, few studies have examined viral hepatitis screening test use among low-income veterans who are considered high-risk with limited healthcare access. Using cross-sectional data from 933 participants in the 2021-2022 National Veteran Homeless and Other Poverty Experiences (NV-HOPE) study, we examined rates and correlates of lifetime screening for hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) infections. Multivariable logistic regression models evaluated characteristics associated with HBV/HCV screening. Nearly 16% and 21% reported lifetime HBV and HCV screening, respectively. These rates are considerably lower than HBV (47.3%) and HCV (92.9%) screening rates documented among contemporaneous veterans in VHA electronic health records. In the NV-HOPE data, veterans 50-79 years were more likely than those ≥80 years of age to ever-screen for HBV/HCV. Whereas, household income was inversely related to lifetime screening behaviours, veterans reporting 'other' employment types (vs. full-time/part-time employment) were more likely to ever-screen for HBV/HCV. Ever-screening for HBV was more likely among veterans reporting non-Hispanic 'other' (vs. non-Hispanic 'white') race, housing instability, Medicaid insurance, as well as drug use and cognitive disorder histories. Living with ≥5 members (vs. alone), histories of alcohol use, cancer, and liver disorders were also correlated with ever-screening for HCV. HIV/AIDS history correlated with ever-screening for HBV/HCV. In conclusion, fewer than one-third of low-income US veterans ever-screened for HBV/HCV, with lower screening rates among those less likely to be exposed to viral hepatitis, thereby informing interventions aimed at promoting available screening, treatment and vaccinations for HBV/HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind A Beydoun
- National Center on Homelessness among Veterans (NCHAV), Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jack Tsai
- National Center on Homelessness among Veterans (NCHAV), Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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2
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Li M, He Q, Li T, Wan W, Zhou H. Development and evaluation of a CRISPR-Cas13a system-based diagnostic for hepatitis E virus. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:1237-1247. [PMID: 38153113 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the leading cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide. HEV RNA detection is the gold standard for HEV infection diagnosis and PCR methods are commonly used but are usually time-consuming and expensive, resulting in low detection efficiency and coverage, especially in low-income areas. Here, we developed a simpler and more accessible HEV RNA detection method based on CRISPR-Cas13a system. METHODS A total of 265 samples of different types and sources, including 89 positive samples and 176 negative samples, were enrolled for evaluations. The sensitivity and specificity of the Cas13a-crRNA detection system were evaluated. The World Health Organization reference panel for HEV genotypes was used to evaluate the capability for detecting different HEV genotypes. The validity of the assay was compared with RT-qPCR. RESULTS The 95 % limits of detection (LOD) of Cas13a-crRNA-based fluorescence assay and strip assay were 12.5 and 200 IU/mL, respectively. They did not show cross-reactivity with samples positive for hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, coxsackievirus A16, rotavirus, enterovirus 71, norovirus or enteropathic Escherichia coli. Different HEV genotypes (HEV1-4) can be detected by the assay. Compared to RT-qPCR, the positive predictive agreements of Cas13a-crRNA-based fluorescence and strip assay were 98.9 % (95 % CI: 93.9-99.8 %) and 91.0 % (95 % CI: 83.3-95.4 %), respectively. The negative predictive agreements were both 100 % (95 % CI: 97.8-100 %). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we established a rapid and convenient HEV RNA detection method with good sensitivity and specificity based on CRISPR-Cas13a system, providing a new option for HEV infection diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyu Li
- Division I of In Vitro Diagnostics for Infectious Diseases, Institute for In Vitro Diagnostics Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qiyu He
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Wan
- Division I of In Vitro Diagnostics for Infectious Diseases, Institute for In Vitro Diagnostics Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Haiwei Zhou
- Division I of In Vitro Diagnostics for Infectious Diseases, Institute for In Vitro Diagnostics Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, P.R. China
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Raoufinia R, Arabnezhad A, Keyhanvar N, Abdyazdani N, Saburi E, Naseri N, Niazi F, Niazi F, Namdar AB, Rahimi HR. Leveraging stem cells to combat hepatitis: a comprehensive review of recent studies. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:459. [PMID: 38551743 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09391-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Hepatitis is a significant global public health concern, with viral infections being the most common cause of liver inflammation. Antiviral medications are the primary treatments used to suppress the virus and prevent liver damage. However, the high cost of these drugs and the lack of awareness and stigma surrounding the disease create challenges in managing hepatitis. Stem cell therapy has arisen as a promising therapeutic strategy for hepatitis by virtue of its regenerative and immunomodulatory characteristics. Stem cells have the exceptional capacity to develop into numerous cell types and facilitate tissue regeneration, rendering them a highly promising therapeutic avenue for hepatitis. In animal models, stem cell therapy has demonstrated worthy results by reducing liver inflammation and improving liver function. Furthermore, clinical trials have been undertaken to assess the safety and effectiveness of stem cell therapy in individuals with hepatitis. This review aims to explore the involvement of stem cells in treating hepatitis and highlight the findings from studies conducted on both animals and humans. The objective of this review is to primarily concentrate on the ongoing and future clinical trials that assess the application of stem cell therapy in the context of hepatitis, including the transplantation of autologous bone marrow-derived stem cells, human induced pluripotent stem cells, and other mesenchymal stem cells. In addition, this review will explore the potential merits and constraints linked to stem cell therapy for hepatitis, as well as its prospective implications in the management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Raoufinia
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Ali Arabnezhad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Neda Keyhanvar
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA
| | - Nima Abdyazdani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nima Naseri
- Department of Biochemistry, School of medicine, Hamadan University of medical sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Niazi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Faezeh Niazi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Beheshti Namdar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Roma K, Dossaji Z, Haque L, Laeeq T, Gish RG, Brosgart C. Test All for Hepatitis B Virus: Link to Care and Treatment if Quantitative DNA Positive, Vaccinate if Susceptible. Clin Liver Dis 2023; 27:997-1022. [PMID: 37778782 DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B infection affects approximately 262 million people worldwide and is responsible for 900,000 deaths annually. This article reviews the major factors limiting HBV elimination, which includes limited linkage to care and complicated HBV testing and treatment guidelines. The article then provides solutions to these pressing issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Roma
- Internal Medicine, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at the University of Nevada, 1701 West Charleston Boulevard - Suite 230, Las Vegas, NV 89102, USA.
| | - Zahra Dossaji
- Internal Medicine, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at the University of Nevada, 1701 West Charleston Boulevard - Suite 230, Las Vegas, NV 89102, USA
| | - Lubaba Haque
- Internal Medicine, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at the University of Nevada, 1701 West Charleston Boulevard - Suite 230, Las Vegas, NV 89102, USA
| | - Tooba Laeeq
- Internal Medicine, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at the University of Nevada, 1701 West Charleston Boulevard - Suite 230, Las Vegas, NV 89102, USA
| | | | - Carol Brosgart
- Medicine, Biostatistics, and Epidemiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Li M, Li T, Hao X, Liu Y, Lan H, Zhou C. Preliminary investigation of hepatitis E virus detection by a recombinase polymerase amplification assay combined with a lateral flow strip. J Vet Diagn Invest 2023; 35:395-398. [PMID: 37029661 PMCID: PMC10331385 DOI: 10.1177/10406387231167119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic pathogen that is a significant public health problem. Detecting HEV relies mainly on conventional PCR, which is time-consuming and requires sophisticated instruments and trained staff. We aimed to establish a reverse-transcription (RT)-recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay (RT-RPA) combined with a lateral flow strip (LFS; RT-RPA-LFS) to rapidly detect HEV RNA in human and rabbit samples. With the optimal reaction conditions (37°C for 30 min), our assay detected as few as 1.0 × 102 copies/mL of HEV and showed no cross-reactivity with other hepatitis viruses. We tested 28 human samples (4 fecal and 24 serum samples) and 360 rabbit samples (180 fecal and 180 serum samples) with our RT-RPA-LFS assay and compared our assay to an RT-qPCR method. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the test results between the 2 assays. Our RT-RPA-LFS assay detected both HEV3 and HEV4 genotypes. Our rapid, sensitive, and specific RT-RPA-LFS assay for the detection of HEV may provide a useful detection tool for limited-resource areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyu Li
- Division I of In Vitro Diagnostics for Infectious Diseases, Institute for In Vitro Diagnostics Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaotian Hao
- Division I of In Vitro Diagnostics for Infectious Diseases, Institute for In Vitro Diagnostics Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | | | - Haiyun Lan
- Division I of In Vitro Diagnostics for Infectious Diseases, Institute for In Vitro Diagnostics Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Division I of In Vitro Diagnostics for Infectious Diseases, Institute for In Vitro Diagnostics Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
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Kågström E, Lannergård A, El Khosht J, Lörelius P, Månflod J, Strömdahl S. Prevalence, risk factors, treatment uptake and treatment outcome of hepatitis C virus in people who inject drugs at the needle and syringe program in Uppsala, Sweden. Harm Reduct J 2023; 20:77. [PMID: 37328868 DOI: 10.1186/s12954-023-00806-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization has set a goal to reach world elimination of hepatitis C virus (HCV) by 2030. Needle and syringe programs (NSP) for people who inject drugs (PWID) are crucial to achieve this goal. The NSP in Uppsala, Sweden, was opened in 2016 and has since 2018 provided HCV treatment for PWID. The aim of this study was to investigate HCV prevalence, risk factors and treatment uptake and outcome in NSP participants. METHODS Data from 450 PWID registered at the Uppsala NSP between 2016-11-01 and 2021-12-31 were collected from the national quality registry InfCare NSP. Data from the 101 PWID treated for HCV at the Uppsala NSP were collected through patient journal review. Descriptive and inferential analysis was performed. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethical Review Board in Uppsala (dnr 2019/00215). RESULTS The mean age was 35 years. 75% were males (336/450), and 25% were females (114/450). The overall HCV prevalence was 48% (215/450) with a declining trend over time. Factors associated with a higher risk of HCV were older age at registration (OR 1.025, 95% CI 1.004-1.046), lower age at injection drug debut (OR 0.963, 95% CI 0.932-0.996), lower education level (OR 1.829, 95% CI 1.185-2.821) and higher number of total visits at the NSP (OR 1.005, 95% CI 1.001-1.009). The overall HCV treatment uptake was 47% (101/215), of which 77% (78/101) completed HCV treatment. The HCV treatment compliance was 88% (78/89). 99% (77/78) were cured with a sustained virologic response 12 weeks after completed treatment. The reinfection rate over the study period was 9/77 (11.7%); all were male with mean age of 36. CONCLUSIONS HCV prevalence, treatment uptake and treatment outcome have improved since the opening of the Uppsala NSP. However, further measures are needed to reach the HCV elimination goal. Outreach HCV treatment programs for PWID should be explored and evaluated in combination with further implementation of low-threshold programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kågström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious Diseases, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - A Lannergård
- Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious Diseases, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J El Khosht
- Needle and Syringe Program Uppsala, Nära Vård och Hälsa, Region Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - P Lörelius
- Needle and Syringe Program Uppsala, Nära Vård och Hälsa, Region Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Månflod
- Needle and Syringe Program Uppsala, Nära Vård och Hälsa, Region Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S Strömdahl
- Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious Diseases, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Gabrielli F, Alberti F, Russo C, Cursaro C, Seferi H, Margotti M, Andreone P. Treatment Options for Hepatitis A and E: A Non-Systematic Review. Viruses 2023; 15:v15051080. [PMID: 37243166 DOI: 10.3390/v15051080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis A and hepatitis E are relatively common causes of liver disease. Both viruses are mainly transmitted through the faecal-oral route and, consequently, most outbreaks occur in countries with poor sanitation. An important role of the immune response as the driver of liver injury is also shared by the two pathogens. For both the hepatitis A (HAV) and hepatitis E (HEV) viruses, the clinical manifestations of infection mainly consist of an acute disease with mild liver injury, which results in clinical and laboratory alterations that are self-limiting in most cases. However, severe acute disease or chronic, long-lasting manifestations may occur in vulnerable patients, such as pregnant women, immunocompromised individuals or those with pre-existing liver disease. Specifically, HAV infection rarely results in fulminant hepatitis, prolonged cholestasis, relapsing hepatitis and possibly autoimmune hepatitis triggered by the viral infection. Less common manifestations of HEV include extrahepatic disease, acute liver failure and chronic HEV infection with persistent viraemia. In this paper, we conduct a non-systematic review of the available literature to provide a comprehensive understanding of the state of the art. Treatment mainly consists of supportive measures, while the available evidence for aetiological treatment and additional agents in severe disease is limited in quantity and quality. However, several therapeutic approaches have been attempted: for HAV infection, corticosteroid therapy has shown outcome improvement, and molecules, such as AZD 1480, zinc chloride and heme oxygenase-1, have demonstrated a reduction in viral replication in vitro. As for HEV infection, therapeutic options mainly rely on the use of ribavirin, and some studies utilising pegylated interferon-alpha have shown conflicting results. While a vaccine for HAV is already available and has led to a significant reduction in the prevalence of the disease, several vaccines for HEV are currently being developed, with some already available in China, showing promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Gabrielli
- Postgraduate School of Internal Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Alberti
- Postgraduate School of Internal Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Cristina Russo
- Postgraduate School of Internal Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Carmela Cursaro
- Internal and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Maternal-Infantile and Adult, AOU di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Hajrie Seferi
- Internal and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Maternal-Infantile and Adult, AOU di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Marzia Margotti
- Internal and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Maternal-Infantile and Adult, AOU di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Pietro Andreone
- Internal and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Maternal-Infantile and Adult, AOU di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Maternal-Infantile and Adult, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy
- Postgraduate School of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy
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8
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Menezes RC, Ferreira IBB, Rosier GL, Villalva-Serra K, Campos VMS, Passos BBS, Argolo JVS, Santana GC, Garcia SL, Pustilnik HN, Silva RRC, Barreto-Duarte B, Araújo-Pereira M, Andrade BB. Grand challenges in major tropical diseases: Part II. FRONTIERS IN TROPICAL DISEASES 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fitd.2023.1180606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
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9
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Qin X, Wang X, Tian M, Dong Z, Wang J, Wang C, Huang Q. The role of Andrographolide in the prevention and treatment of liver diseases. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154537. [PMID: 36610122 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence or absence of damage to the liver organ is crucial to a person's health. Nutritional disorders, alcohol consumption, and drug abuse are the main causes of liver disease. Liver transplantation is the last irrevocable option for liver disease and has become a serious economic burden worldwide. Andrographolide (AP) is one of the main active ingredients of Herba Andrographitis. It has several biological activities and has been reported to have protective and therapeutic effects against liver diseases. Earlier literature has been written on AP's role in treating inflammation and other diseases, and there has not been a systematic review on liver diseases. This review is dedicated to sorting out the research results of AP against liver diseases. Pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and nanotechnology to improve bioavailability are discussed. Finally, an outlook and assessment of its future are provided. METHODS Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. PubMed and web of Science databases were used to search all relevant literature on AP for liver disease up to 2022. RESULTS Studies have shown that AP plays an important role in different liver disease phenotypes, mainly through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. AP regulates HO-1 and inhibits hepatitis virus replication. It affects the NF-κB pathway, downregulates inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and reduces liver damage. In preventing liver fibrosis, AP inhibits angiogenesis and activation of hepatic stellate cells and reduces oxidative stress involved in the Nrf2 and TGF-β1/Smad pathways. In addition, AP impedes the development of liver cancer by promoting apoptosis and autonomous phagocytosis in a cell-dependent way. Interestingly, miRNAs are involved in the therapeutic process of liver cancer and hepatic fibrosis. The poor solubility of AP limits the development of dosage forms. Therefore, the advent of nanoformulations has improved bioavailability. Although the effect of AP is dose- and time-dependent, the magnitude of its toxicity is not negligible. Some clinical trials have shown that AP has mild side effects. CONCLUSIONS AP, as an effective natural product, has a good effect on the liver disease through multiple pathways and targets. However, the dose reaches a certain level, leading to its toxicity and side effects. For better clinical application of AP, high-quality clinical and toxic intervention mechanisms are needed to validate current studies. In addition, modulation of miRNA-mediated hepatocellular carcinoma and liver fibrosis and synergistic action with drugs may be the future focus of AP. In conclusion, AP can be regarded as an important candidate for treating different liver diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, PR. China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, PR. China
| | - Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, PR. China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, PR. China
| | - Maoying Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, PR. China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, PR. China
| | - Zhaowei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, PR. China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, PR. China
| | - Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, PR. China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, PR. China
| | - Chao Wang
- Sichuan Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, No.51, Section 4, Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610042, PR. China.
| | - Qinwan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, PR. China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, PR. China.
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10
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Liu X, Zhou Y. Influence of hepatitis B virus on the prevalence of diabetes complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Investig 2022; 14:429-434. [PMID: 36510700 PMCID: PMC9951573 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Diabetes and hepatitis B are both global problems. The influence of diabetes on complications and prognosis of hepatitis B has been widely studied. However, the association between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the prevalence of diabetes-related complications is less documented and is uncertain. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective study. We collected information from a large clinical database. A total of 1,090 Chinese inpatients with type 2 diabetes were included. RESULTS The participants were divided into two groups, including 135 patients with HBV infection and 955 patients without HBV infection. Patients with HBV infection were younger and had worse control of blood glucose than those without HBV infection. No significant difference was found in the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, diabetic ketosis or diabetic ketoacidosis between the patients with HBV infection and the patients without HBV infection. The prevalence of macrovascular complications was 54.1% and 64.4% in diabetes patients complicated with HBV infection and without HBV infection, respectively. The P-value was <0.05. However, through the logistic regression analysis, we found HBV infection was not an independent risk factor for macrovascular complications of diabetes. CONCLUSION There was no significant correlation between the prevalence of macrovascular complications, microvascular complications of diabetes, diabetic ketosis or diabetic ketoacidosis and HBV infection status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi‐yu Liu
- Department of EndocrinologyDongyang People's HospitalDongyangChina
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of EndocrinologyDongyang People's HospitalDongyangChina
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11
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Sadio BD, Faye M, Kaiser M, Diarra M, Balique F, Diagne CT, Faye O, Diagne MM, Fall G, Ndiaye O, Loucoubar C, Sow A, Faye O, Faye A, Boye CSB, Sall AA. First hepatitis E outbreak in Southeastern Senegal. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17878. [PMID: 36284151 PMCID: PMC9596447 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22491-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The Rapid proliferation of traditional gold mining sites in the Kedougou region has led to massive migration of people from neighbouring West African countries and the establishment of several small villages where poor hygiene and sanitation conditions exist. In this context, a Hepatitis E virus outbreak was reported in Kedougou in 2014 with several cases among the traditional mining workers. Herein, we described epidemiological and laboratory data collected during the outbreak's investigation from February 2012 to November 2014. Any suspected, contact or probable case was investigated, clinical and epidemiological data were collected. In our study, sera were collected and tested for viral RNA and anti-Hepatitis E virus (HEV) IgM. Archived serum samples from Kedougou were retrospectively screened by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 65 water samples collected from ponds and wells surrounding gold panners' sites and habitats and 75 tissues samples from rats captured in the environment of traditional gold mining sites were also tested. A total of 1617 sera were collected from 698 suspected cases, 862 contacts and 57 persons with missing information. The median age was 20 (1-88 years-old) and the sex ratio was 1.72. An overall rate of 64.62% (1045/1617) of these patients tested positive for HEV with a high case fatality rate in pregnant women. All water samples and animal tissues tested negative for HEV. Our data help not only determining of the beginning of the HEV outbreak to March 2012, but also identifying risk factors associated to its emergence. However, there is a need to implement routine diagnosis, surveillance and training of health personnel in order to reduce mortality especially among pregnant women. In addition, further studies are needed to identify the virus reservoir and environmental risk factors for HEV in the Kedougou region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bacary Djilocalisse Sadio
- grid.418508.00000 0001 1956 9596Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 36, Avenue Pasteur, 220 Dakar, Senegal ,grid.414371.4Service de Santé Publique et Appui à la Recherche (CHU Fann), Institut de Santé et Développement, Dakar, Senegal ,grid.8191.10000 0001 2186 9619Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Martin Faye
- grid.418508.00000 0001 1956 9596Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 36, Avenue Pasteur, 220 Dakar, Senegal
| | | | - Maryam Diarra
- grid.418508.00000 0001 1956 9596Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Data Science Unit, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 220 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Fanny Balique
- grid.418508.00000 0001 1956 9596Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 36, Avenue Pasteur, 220 Dakar, Senegal ,grid.437080.8OZ Biosciences SAS, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - Cheikh Tidiane Diagne
- MIVEGEC (Infectious Diseases and Vector: Ecology, Genetics, Evolution and Control), Univ. Montpelier, IRD, CNRS, 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Oumar Faye
- grid.418508.00000 0001 1956 9596Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 36, Avenue Pasteur, 220 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Moussa Moïse Diagne
- grid.418508.00000 0001 1956 9596Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 36, Avenue Pasteur, 220 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Gamou Fall
- grid.418508.00000 0001 1956 9596Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 36, Avenue Pasteur, 220 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Oumar Ndiaye
- grid.418508.00000 0001 1956 9596Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 36, Avenue Pasteur, 220 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Cheikh Loucoubar
- grid.418508.00000 0001 1956 9596Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Data Science Unit, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 220 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Abdourahmane Sow
- grid.464557.10000 0004 0647 3618West African Health Organisation, 175, Avenue Ouezzin Coulibaly, 01BP: 153, Bobo Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Ousmane Faye
- grid.418508.00000 0001 1956 9596Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 36, Avenue Pasteur, 220 Dakar, Senegal
| | - Adama Faye
- grid.414371.4Service de Santé Publique et Appui à la Recherche (CHU Fann), Institut de Santé et Développement, Dakar, Senegal ,grid.8191.10000 0001 2186 9619Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Cheikh Saad Bouh Boye
- grid.8191.10000 0001 2186 9619Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal ,Unité de Recherche et Biotechnologie Microbienne, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d’Odontostomatologie (FMPOS), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Amadou Alpha Sall
- grid.418508.00000 0001 1956 9596Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 36, Avenue Pasteur, 220 Dakar, Senegal
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12
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Lange M, Zaret D, Kushner T. Hepatitis Delta: Current Knowledge and Future Directions. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y) 2022; 18:508-520. [PMID: 36397990 PMCID: PMC9666792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection is caused by a unique circular RNA virus that relies on both the hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigen and human host polymerases for its transmission and replication. HDV infection can be acquired simultaneously with HBV as a coinfection or as a superinfection in patients already chronically infected with HBV. Chronic HDV is the most severe and progressive form of viral hepatitis-induced liver disease, accounting for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite the severity of disease and poor clinical outcomes, there are few therapeutic options for the treatment of HDV infection. This article discusses the epidemiology of HDV globally and in the United States, the diagnosis and clinical course of HDV infection, and the current and future therapeutic options for the management of HDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Lange
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Dina Zaret
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Tatyana Kushner
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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13
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Dai Q, Ain Q, Rooney M, Song F, Zipprich A. Role of IQ Motif-Containing GTPase-Activating Proteins in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:920652. [PMID: 35785216 PMCID: PMC9243542 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.920652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating proteins (IQGAPs) are a class of scaffolding proteins, including IQGAP1, IQGAP2, and IQGAP3, which govern multiple cellular activities by facilitating cytoskeletal remodeling and cellular signal transduction. The role of IQGAPs in cancer initiation and progression has received increasing attention in recent years, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), where the aberrant expression of IQGAPs is closely related to patient prognosis. IQGAP1 and 3 are upregulated and are considered oncogenes in HCC, while IQGAP2 is downregulated and functions as a tumor suppressor. This review details the three IQGAP isoforms and their respective structures. The expression and role of each protein in different liver diseases and mainly in HCC, as well as the underlying mechanisms, are also presented. This review also provides a reference for further studies on IQGAPs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Dai
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Else Kröner Graduate School for Medical Students “Jena School for Ageing Medicine (JSAM)”, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Quratul Ain
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Rooney
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Fei Song
- Department of Urology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander Zipprich
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- *Correspondence: Alexander Zipprich,
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