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Yin LL, Qi PQ, Hu YF, Fu XJ, He RS, Wang MM, Deng YJ, Xiong SY, Yu QW, Hu JP, Zhou L, Zhou ZB, Xiong Y, Deng H. Dysbiosis promotes recurrence of adenomatous polyps in the distal colorectum. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:3600-3623. [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i8.3600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal polyps, which are characterized by a high recurrence rate, represent preneoplastic conditions of the intestine. Due to unclear mechanisms of pathogenesis, first-line therapies for non-hereditary recurrent colorectal polyps are limited to endoscopic resection. Although recent studies suggest a mechanistic link between intestinal dysbiosis and polyps, the exact compositions and roles of bacteria in the mucosa around the lesions, rather than feces, remain unsettled.
AIM To clarify the composition and diversity of bacteria in the mucosa surrounding or 10 cm distal to recurrent intestinal polyps.
METHODS Mucosal samples were collected from four patients consistently with adenomatous polyps (Ade), seven consistently with non-Ade (Pol), ten with current Pol but previous Ade, and six healthy individuals, and bacterial patterns were evaluated by 16S rDNA sequencing. Linear discriminant analysis and Student’s t-tests were used to identify the genus-level bacteria differences between groups with different colorectal polyp phenotypes. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the correlation between intestinal bacteria at the genus level and clinical indicators.
RESULTS The results confirmed a decreased level of probiotics and an enrichment of pathogenic bacteria in patients with all types of polyps compared to healthy individuals. These changes were not restricted to the mucosa within 0.5 cm adjacent to the polyps, but also existed in histologically normal tissue 10 cm distal from the lesions. Significant differences in bacterial diversity were observed in the mucosa from individuals with normal conditions, Pol, and Ade. Increased abundance of Gram-negative bacteria, including Klebsiella, Plesiomonas, and Cronobacter, was observed in Pol group and Ade group, suggesting that resistance to antibiotics may be one risk factor for bacterium-related harmful environment. Meanwhile, age and gender were linked to bacteria changes, indicating the potential involvement of sex hormones.
CONCLUSION These preliminary results support intestinal dysbiosis as an important risk factor for recurrent polyps, especially adenoma. Targeting specific pathogenic bacteria may attenuate the recurrence of polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Yin
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ping-Qian Qi
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yun-Fei Hu
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Fu
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Rui-Shan He
- The Second College of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Meng-Meng Wang
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yan-Juan Deng
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Su-Yi Xiong
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qi-Wen Yu
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jin-Ping Hu
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Lv Zhou
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Zhou
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of General Medicine, The Second College of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Huan Deng
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Ministry of Education Basic Research and Innovation Center for the Targeted Therapeutics of Solid Tumors, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi Province, China
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Shen CL, Wankhade UD, Shankar K, Najjar RS, Feresin RG, Elmassry MM, Dufour JM, Kaur G, Chintapalli SV, Piccolo BD, Dunn DM, Cao JJ. Effects of Statin and Annatto-extracted Tocotrienol Supplementation on Glucose Homeostasis, Bone Microstructure, and Gut Microbiota Composition in Obese Mice. In Vivo 2024; 38:1557-1570. [PMID: 38936927 PMCID: PMC11215603 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM This study examined the effects of tocotrienols (TT) in conjunction with statin on glucose homeostasis, bone microstructure, gut microbiome, and systemic and liver inflammatory markers in obese C57BL/6J mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and assigned into four groups in a 2 (no statin vs. 120 mg statin/kg diet)×2 (no TT vs. 400 mg TT/kg diet) factorial design for 14 weeks. RESULTS Statin and TT improved glucose tolerance only when each was given alone, and only statin supplementation decreased insulin resistance. Consistently, only statin supplementation decreased serum insulin levels and HOMA-IR. Pancreatic insulin was also increased with statin treatment. Statin and TT, alone or in combination, reduced the levels of serum IL-6, but only TT attenuated the increased serum leptin levels induced by a HFD. Statin supplementation increased bone area/total area and connectivity density at LV-4, while TT supplementation increased bone area/total area and trabecular number, but decreased trabecular separation at the distal femur. Statin supplementation, but not TT, reduced hepatic inflammatory cytokine gene expression. Neither TT supplementation nor statin supplementation statistically altered microbiome species evenness or richness. However, they altered the relative abundance of certain microbiome species. Most notably, both TT and statin supplementation increased the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae UCG-006. CONCLUSION TT and statin collectively benefit bone microstructure, glucose homeostasis, and microbial ecology in obese mice. Such changes may be, in part, associated with suppression of inflammation in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chwan-Li Shen
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, U.S.A.;
- Center of Excellence for Integrative Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, U.S.A
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, U.S.A
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, U.S.A
| | - Umesh D Wankhade
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, U.S.A
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, U.S.A
| | - Kartik Shankar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Section of Nutrition, Aurora, CO, U.S.A
| | - Rami S Najjar
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A
| | - Rafaela G Feresin
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A
| | - Moamen M Elmassry
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, U.S.A
| | - Jannette M Dufour
- Center of Excellence for Integrative Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, U.S.A
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, U.S.A
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, U.S.A
- Department of Medical Education, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, U.S.A
| | - Gurvinder Kaur
- Center of Excellence for Integrative Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, U.S.A
- Department of Medical Education, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, U.S.A
| | - Sree V Chintapalli
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, U.S.A
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, U.S.A
| | - Brian D Piccolo
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, U.S.A
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, U.S.A
| | - Dale M Dunn
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, U.S.A
| | - Jay J Cao
- USDA-ARS Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, U.S.A
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Fan P, Ding L, Du G, Wei C. Effect of mastectomy on gut microbiota and its metabolites in patients with breast cancer. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1269558. [PMID: 38860221 PMCID: PMC11163111 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1269558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between gut microbiota and breast cancer has been extensively studied; however, changes in gut microbiota after breast cancer surgery are still largely unknown. Materials and methods A total of 20 patients with breast cancer underwent routine open surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College from 1 June 2022 to 1 December 2022. Stool samples were collected from the patients undergoing mastectomy for breast cancer preoperatively, 3 days later, and 7 days later postoperatively. The stool samples were subjected to 16s rRNA sequencing. Results Surgery did not affect the α-diversity of gut microbiota. The β-diversity and composition of gut microorganisms were significantly affected by surgery in breast cancer patients. Both linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis and between-group differences analysis showed that surgery led to a decrease in the abundance of Firmicutes and Lachnospiraceae and an increase in the abundance of Proteobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae. Moreover, 127 differential metabolites were screened and classified into 5 categories based on their changing trends. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed significant changes in the phenylalanine metabolic pathway and exogenous substance metabolic pathway. Eight characterized metabolites were screened using ROC analysis. Conclusion Our study found that breast cancer surgery significantly altered gut microbiota composition and metabolites, with a decrease in beneficial bacteria and an increase in potentially harmful bacteria. This underscores the importance of enhanced postoperative management to optimize gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingming Fan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Linwei Ding
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Guankui Du
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Changyuan Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
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Chen Y, Wang X, Ye Y, Ren Q. Gut microbiota in cancer: insights on microbial metabolites and therapeutic strategies. Med Oncol 2023; 41:25. [PMID: 38129370 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02249-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the role of gut microbiota in cancer treatment has attracted substantial attention. It is now well established that gut microbiota and its metabolites significantly contribute to the incidence, treatment, and prognosis of various cancers. This review provides a comprehensive review on the pivotal role of gut microbiota and their metabolites in cancer initiation and progression. Furthermore, it evaluates the impact of gut microbiota on the efficacy and associated side effects of anticancer therapies, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, thus emphasizing the clinical importance of gut microbiota reconstitution in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xibin Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yuwei Ye
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Qian Ren
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China.
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China.
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Zheng C, Lu F, Chen B, Yang J, Yu H, Wang D, Xie H, Chen K, Xie Y, Li J, Bo Z, Wang Y, Chen G, Deng T. Gut microbiome as a biomarker for predicting early recurrence of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:4717-4731. [PMID: 37778742 PMCID: PMC10728007 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the potential of the gut microbiome as a biomarker for predicting the early recurrence of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we enrolled 124 patients diagnosed with HBV-associated HCC and 82 HBV-related hepatitis, and 86 healthy volunteers in our study, collecting 292 stool samples for 16S rRNA sequencing and 35 tumor tissue samples for targeted metabolomics. We performed an integrated bioinformatics analysis of gut microbiome and tissue metabolome data to explore the gut microbial-liver metabolite axis associated with the early recurrence of HCC. We constructed a predictive model based on the gut microbiota and validated its efficacy in the temporal validation cohort. Dialister, Veillonella, the Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group, and Lactobacillus genera, as well as the Streptococcus pneumoniae and Bifidobacterium faecale species, were associated with an early recurrence of HCC. We also found that 23 metabolites, including acetic acid, glutamate, and arachidonic acid, were associated with the early recurrence of HCC. A comprehensive analysis of the gut microbiome and tissue metabolome revealed that the entry of gut microbe-derived acetic acid into the liver to supply energy for tumor growth and proliferation may be a potential mechanism for the recurrence of HCC mediated by gut microbe. We constructed a nomogram to predict early recurrence by combining differential microbial species and clinical indicators, achieving an AUC of 78.0%. Our study suggested that gut microbes may serve as effective biomarkers for predicting early recurrence of HCC, and the gut microbial-tumor metabolite axis may explain the potential mechanism by which gut microbes promote the early recurrence of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongming Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Fei Lu
- Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Jinhuan Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Haitao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Daojie Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Haonan Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Kaiwen Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Yitong Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Zhiyuan Bo
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and ManagementWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‐Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityZhejiang‐Germany Interdisciplinary Joint Laboratory of Hepatobiliary‐Pancreatic Tumor and BioengineeringWenzhouChina
| | - Tuo Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityZhejiang‐Germany Interdisciplinary Joint Laboratory of Hepatobiliary‐Pancreatic Tumor and BioengineeringWenzhouChina
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Li XJ, Gao MG, Chen XX, Rong YM, Huang LL, Huang JS. Genetically Predicted Causal Effects of Gut Microbiota and Gut Metabolites on Digestive Tract Cancer: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis. World J Oncol 2023; 14:558-569. [PMID: 38022400 PMCID: PMC10681779 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence from numerous observational studies and clinical trials has linked gut microbiota and metabolites to digestive tract cancer. However, the causal effect between these factors remains uncertain. Methods Data for this study were obtained from the MiBioGen, TwinsUK Registry, and FinnGen (version R8). Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis with inverse variance weighting method was primarily used, and the results were validated by heterogeneity analysis, pleiotropy test, and sensitivity analysis. Results At P < 5 × 10-8, our analysis identified four gut microbiotas as risk factors for digestive tract cancer and six as risk factors for colorectal cancer. Conversely, one gut microbiota exhibited protection against bile duct cancer, and two showed protective effects against stomach cancer. At P < 1 × 10-5, our investigation revealed five, six, three, eight, eight, and eight gut microbiotas as risk factors for esophageal, stomach, bile duct, liver, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers, respectively. In contrast, four, two, eight, two, two, and five gut microbiotas exhibited protective effects against these cancers. Additionally, GABA, a metabolite of gut microbiota, displayed a significant protective effect against colorectal cancer. Conclusion In conclusion, specific gut microbiota and metabolites play roles as risk factors or protective factors for digestive tract cancer, and a causal relationship between them has been established, offering novel insights into gut microbiota-mediated cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Jia Li
- VIP Department, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Meng Ge Gao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Huadu District People’s Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510800, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Xu Xian Chen
- VIP Department, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yu Ming Rong
- VIP Department, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ling Li Huang
- VIP Department, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jin Sheng Huang
- VIP Department, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Liu J, Shao N, Qiu H, Zhao J, Chen C, Wan J, He Z, Zhao X, Xu L. Intestinal microbiota: A bridge between intermittent fasting and tumors. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115484. [PMID: 37708691 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota and their metabolites are essential for maintaining intestinal health, regulating inflammatory responses, and enhancing the body's immune function. An increasing number of studies have shown that the intestinal microbiota is tightly tied to tumorigenesis and intervention effects. Intermittent fasting (IF) is a method of cyclic dietary restriction that can improve energy metabolism, prolong lifespan, and reduce the progression of various diseases, including tumors. IF can affect the energy metabolism of tumor cells, inhibit tumor cell growth, improve the function of immune cells, and promote an anti-tumor immune response. Interestingly, recent research has further revealed that the intestinal microbiota can be impacted by IF, in particular by changes in microbial composition and metabolism. These findings suggest the complexity of the IF as a promising tumor intervention strategy, which merits further study to better understand and encourage the development of clinical tumor intervention strategies. In this review, we aimed to outline the characteristics of the intestinal microbiota and its mechanisms in different tumors. Of note, we summarized the impact of IF on intestinal microbiota and discussed its potential association with tumor suppressive effects. Finally, we proposed some key scientific issues that need to be addressed and envision relevant research prospects, which might provide a theoretical basis and be helpful for the application of IF and intestinal microbiota as new strategies for clinical interventions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Nan Shao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Hui Qiu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Jiajia Wan
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Zhixu He
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Lin Xu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection &Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China.
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Kim JH, Yu J, Kim DK, Lee S, Lee SH, Ahn BK, Kim TI, Park SJ. Tumor microbiome analysis provides prognostic value for patients with stage III colorectal cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1212812. [PMID: 37965445 PMCID: PMC10641399 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1212812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) can receive optimal treatment, the risk of recurrence remains. This study aimed to evaluate whether the tumor microbiome can be a predictor of recurrence in patients with stage III CRC. Methods Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we analyzed the microbiomes of tumor and adjacent tissues acquired during surgery in 65 patients with stage III CRC and evaluated the correlation of the tissue microbiome with CRC recurrence. Additionally, the tumor tissue microbiome data of 71 patients with stage III CRC from another center were used as a validation set. Results The microbial diversity and abundance significantly differed between tumor and adjacent tissues. In particular, Streptococcus and Gemella were more abundant in tumor tissue samples than in adjacent tissue samples. The microbial diversity and abundance in tumor and adjacent tissues did not differ according to the presence of recurrence, except for one genus in the validation set. Logistic regression analysis revealed that a recurrence prediction model including tumor tissue microbiome data had a better prediction performance than clinical factors (area under the curve [AUC] 0.846 vs. 0.679, p = 0.009), regardless of sex (male patients: AUC 0.943 vs. 0.818, p = 0.043; female patients: AUC 0.885 vs. 0.590, p = 0.017). When this prediction model was applied to the validation set, it had a higher AUC value than clinical factors in female patients. Conclusion Our results suggest that the tumor microbiome of patients with CRC be a potential predictor of postoperative disease recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongwook Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Keon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghun Lee
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Lee
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Kwon Ahn
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Il Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seun Ja Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
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9
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Widjaja F, Rietjens IMCM. From-Toilet-to-Freezer: A Review on Requirements for an Automatic Protocol to Collect and Store Human Fecal Samples for Research Purposes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2658. [PMID: 37893032 PMCID: PMC10603957 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition, viability and metabolic functionality of intestinal microbiota play an important role in human health and disease. Studies on intestinal microbiota are often based on fecal samples, because these can be sampled in a non-invasive way, although procedures for sampling, processing and storage vary. This review presents factors to consider when developing an automated protocol for sampling, processing and storing fecal samples: donor inclusion criteria, urine-feces separation in smart toilets, homogenization, aliquoting, usage or type of buffer to dissolve and store fecal material, temperature and time for processing and storage and quality control. The lack of standardization and low-throughput of state-of-the-art fecal collection procedures promote a more automated protocol. Based on this review, an automated protocol is proposed. Fecal samples should be collected and immediately processed under anaerobic conditions at either room temperature (RT) for a maximum of 4 h or at 4 °C for no more than 24 h. Upon homogenization, preferably in the absence of added solvent to allow addition of a buffer of choice at a later stage, aliquots obtained should be stored at either -20 °C for up to a few months or -80 °C for a longer period-up to 2 years. Protocols for quality control should characterize microbial composition and viability as well as metabolic functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Widjaja
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands;
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10
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Xiang Y, Zhang C, Wang J, Cheng Y, Wang L, Tong Y, Yan D. Identification of host gene-microbiome associations in colorectal cancer patients using mendelian randomization. J Transl Med 2023; 21:535. [PMID: 37563724 PMCID: PMC10416448 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04335-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are many studies indicating that alterations in the abundance of certain gut microbiota are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, a causal relationship has not been identified due to confounding factors such as lifestyle, environmental, and possible reverse causal associations between the two. Furthermore, certain host gene mutations can also contribute to the development of CRC. However, the association between genes and gut microbes in patients with CRC has not been extensively studied. METHODS We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to reveal the causal relationship between gut microbiota and CRC. We obtained SNPs associated with gut microbiome abundance as instrumental variables (IVs) from a large-scale, multi-ethnic GWAS study, and extracted CRC-related datasets from an East Asian Population genetic consortia GWAS (AGWAS) study and FinnGen consortium, respectively. We analyzed a total of 166 bacterial features at four taxonomic levels, including order, family, genus, and species. The inverse-variance-weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger, and simple median methods were applied to the MR analysis, and the robustness of the results were tested using a series of sensitivity analyses. We extracted IVs of gut microbiota with direct causal association with CRC for SNP annotation to identify the genes in which these genetic variants were located to reveal the possible host gene-microbiome associations in CRC patients. RESULTS The findings from our MR analysis based on CRC-associated GWAS datasets from AGWAS revealed causal relationships between 6 bacterial taxa and CRC at a locus-wide significance level (P < 1 × 10-5). The IVW method found that family Porphyromonadaceae, genera Anaerotruncus, Intestinibacter, Slackia, and Ruminococcaceae UCG004, and species Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group were positively associated with CRC risk, which was generally consistent with the results of other complementary analyses. The results of a meta-analysis of the MR estimates from the AGWAS and the FinnGen datasets showed that family Porphyromonadaceae and genera Slackia, Anaerotruncus, and Intestinibacter replicated the same causal association. Sensitivity analysis of all causal associations did not indicate significant heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy, or reverse causal associations. We annotated the SNPs at a locus-wide significance level of the above intestinal flora and identified 24 host genes that may be related to pathogenic intestinal microflora in CRC patients. CONCLUSION This study supported the causal relationship of gut microbiota on CRC and revealed a possible correlation between genes and pathogenic microbiota in CRC. These findings suggested that the study of the gut microbiome and its further multi-omics analysis was important for the prevention and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoxian Xiang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Chan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Yurong Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Yingying Tong
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China.
| | - Dong Yan
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China.
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11
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Liu J, Qiao B, Cai Y, Tan Z, Deng N. Diarrhea accompanies intestinal inflammation and intestinal mucosal microbiota dysbiosis during fatigue combined with a high-fat diet. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:151. [PMID: 37231328 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02896-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It was reported fatigue or a high-fat diet triggers diarrhea, and intestinal microbiota may play central roles in diarrhea. Therefore, we investigated the association between the intestinal mucosal microbiota and the intestinal mucosal barrier from fatigue combined with a high-fat diet. METHOD This study divided the Specific pathogen-free (SPF) male mice into the normal group (MCN) and the standing united lard group (MSLD). The MSLD group stood on water environment platform box for 4 h/day for 14 days, and 0.4 mL lard was gavaged from day 8, twice daily for 7 days. RESULT After 14 days, Mice in the MSLD group showed diarrhea symptoms. The pathological analysis showed structural damage to the small intestine in the MSLD group, with an increasing trend of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-17, and inflammation accompanied by structural damage to the intestine. Fatigue combined with a high-fat diet considerably decreased Limosilactobacillus vaginalis and Limosilactobacillus reuteri, and among them, Limosilactobacillus reuteri positively associated with Muc2 and negatively with IL-6. CONCLUSION The interactions between Limosilactobacillus reuteri and intestinal inflammation might be involved in the process of intestinal mucosal barrier impairment in fatigue combined with high-fat diet-induced diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Bo Qiao
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Ying Cai
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Zhoujin Tan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
| | - Na Deng
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
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12
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Zhang S, Chen A, Deng H, Jiang L, Liu X, Chai L. Intestinal response of Rana chensinensis larvae exposed to Cr and Pb, alone and in combination. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114774. [PMID: 36931087 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Although numerous investigations on the adverse impact of Cr and Pb have been performed, studies on intestinal homeostasis in amphibians are limited. Here, single and combined effects of Cr (104 μg/L) and Pb (50 μg/L) on morphological and histological features, bacterial community, digestive enzymes activities, as well as transcriptomic profile of intestines in Rana chensinensis tadpoles were assessed. Significant decrease in the relative intestine length (intestine length/snout-to-vent length, IL/SVL) was observed after exposure to Pb and Cr/Pb mixture. Intestinal histology and digestive enzymes activities were altered in metal treatment groups. In addition, treatment groups showed significantly increased bacterial richness and diversity. Tadpoles in treatment groups were observed to have differential gut bacterial composition from controls, especially for the abundance of phylum Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria as well as genus Citrobacter, Anaerotruncus, Akkermansia, and Alpinimonas. Moreover, transcriptomic analysis showed that the transcript expression profiles of GPx and SOD isoforms responded differently to Cr and/or Pb exposure. Besides, transcriptional activation of pro-apoptotic and glycolysis-related genes, such as Bax, Apaf 1, Caspase 3, PK, PGK, TPI, and GPI were detected in all treatment groups but downregulation of Bcl2 in Pb and Cr/Pb mixture groups. Collectively, these results suggested that Cr and Pb exposure at environmental relevant concentration, alone and in combination, could disrupt intestinal homeostasis of R. chensinensis tadpoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siliang Zhang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Aixia Chen
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Hongzhang Deng
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Lihong Chai
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China.
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13
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Weber AM, Ibrahim H, Baxter BA, Kumar R, Maurya AK, Kumar D, Agarwal R, Raina K, Ryan EP. Integrated Microbiota and Metabolite Changes following Rice Bran Intake during Murine Inflammatory Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer and in Colorectal Cancer Survivors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2231. [PMID: 37190160 PMCID: PMC10136752 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary rice bran-mediated inhibition of colon carcinogenesis was demonstrated previously for carcinogen-induced rodent models via multiple anti-cancer mechanisms. This study investigated the role of dietary rice bran-mediated changes to fecal microbiota and metabolites over the time course of colon carcinogenesis and compared murine fecal metabolites to human stool metabolic profiles following rice bran consumption by colorectal cancer survivors (NCT01929122). Forty adult male BALB/c mice were subjected to azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis-associated colon carcinogenesis and randomized to control AIN93M (n = 20) or diets containing 10% w/w heat-stabilized rice bran (n = 20). Feces were serially collected for 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and non-targeted metabolomics. Fecal microbiota richness and diversity was increased in mice and humans with dietary rice bran treatment. Key drivers of differential bacterial abundances from rice bran intake in mice included Akkermansia, Lactococcus, Lachnospiraceae, and Eubacterium xylanophilum. Murine fecal metabolomics revealed 592 biochemical identities with notable changes to fatty acids, phenolics, and vitamins. Monoacylglycerols, dihydroferulate, 2-hydroxyhippurate (salicylurate), ferulic acid 4-sulfate, and vitamin B6 and E isomers significantly differed between rice bran- and control-fed mice. The kinetics of murine metabolic changes by the host and gut microbiome following rice bran consumption complemented changes observed in humans for apigenin, N-acetylhistamine, and ethylmalonate in feces. Increased enterolactone abundance is a novel diet-driven microbial metabolite fecal biomarker following rice bran consumption in mice and humans from this study. Dietary rice bran bioactivity via gut microbiome metabolism in mice and humans contributes to protection against colorectal cancer. The findings from this study provide compelling support for rice bran in clinical and public health guidelines for colorectal cancer prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika M. Weber
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Hend Ibrahim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Bridget A. Baxter
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Robin Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Akhilendra K. Maurya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver—Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver—Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver—Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Komal Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver—Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Elizabeth P. Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Huang YF, Zhang WM, Wei ZS, Huang H, Mo QY, Shi DL, Han L, Han YY, Nong SK, Lin GX. Causal relationships between gut microbiota and programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death-ligand 1: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1136169. [PMID: 36969249 PMCID: PMC10034163 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1136169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundMultiple clinical studies have indicated that the gut microbiota influences the effects of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy comprising PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, but the causal relationship is unclear. Because of numerous confounders, many microbes related to PD-1/PD-L1 have not been identified. This study aimed to determine the causal relationship between the microbiota and PD-1/PD-L1 and identify possible biomarkers for ICB therapy.MethodWe used bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization with two different thresholds to explore the potential causal relationship between the microbiota and PD-1/PD-L1 and species-level microbiota GWAS to verify the result.ResultIn the primary forward analysis, genus_Holdemanella showed a negative correlation with PD-1 [βIVW = -0.25; 95% CI (-0.43 to -0.07); PFDR = 0.028] and genus_Prevotella9 showed a positive correlation with PD-1 [βIVW = 0.2; 95% CI (0.1 to 0.4); PFDR = 0.027]; order_Rhodospirillales [βIVW = 0.2; 95% CI (0.1 to 0.4); PFDR = 0.044], family_Rhodospirillaceae [βIVW = 0.2; 95% CI (0 to 0.4); PFDR = 0.032], genus_Ruminococcaceae_UCG005 [βIVW = 0.29; 95% CI (0.08 to 0.5); PFDR = 0.028], genus_Ruminococcus_gnavus_group [βIVW = 0.22; 95% CI (0.05 to 0.4); PFDR = 0.029], and genus_Coprococcus_2 [βIVW = 0.4; 95% CI (0.1 to 0.6); PFDR = 0.018] were positively correlated with PD-L1; and phylum_Firmicutes [βIVW = -0.3; 95% CI (-0.4 to -0.1); PFDR = 0.031], family_ClostridialesvadinBB60group [βIVW = -0.31; 95% CI (-0.5 to -0.11), PFDR = 0.008], family_Ruminococcaceae [βIVW = -0.33; 95% CI (-0.58 to -0.07); PFDR = 0.049], and genus_Ruminococcaceae_UCG014 [βIVW = -0.35; 95% CI (-0.57 to -0.13); PFDR = 0.006] were negatively correlated with PD-L1. The one significant species in further analysis was species_Parabacteroides_unclassified [βIVW = 0.2; 95% CI (0-0.4); PFDR = 0.029]. Heterogeneity (P > 0.05) and pleiotropy (P > 0.05) analyses confirmed the robustness of the MR results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Huang
- The First Clinical College, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Wei-Ming Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhi-Song Wei
- Department of Oncology, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Huan Huang
- Department of Oncology, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qi-Yan Mo
- Department of Oncology, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Dan-Li Shi
- Department of Oncology, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lu Han
- Department of Oncology, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yu-Yuan Han
- Department of Oncology, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Si-Kai Nong
- Department of Oncology, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Guo-Xiang Lin
- Department of Oncology, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Guo-Xiang Lin,
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15
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Pandey H, Tang DWT, Wong SH, Lal D. Gut Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer: Biological Role and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030866. [PMID: 36765824 PMCID: PMC9913759 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While CRC is thought to be an interplay between genetic and environmental factors, several lines of evidence suggest the involvement of gut microbiota in promoting inflammation and tumor progression. Gut microbiota refer to the ~40 trillion microorganisms that inhabit the human gut. Advances in next-generation sequencing technologies and metagenomics have provided new insights into the gut microbial ecology and have helped in linking gut microbiota to CRC. Many studies carried out in humans and animal models have emphasized the role of certain gut bacteria, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, and colibactin-producing Escherichia coli, in the onset and progression of CRC. Metagenomic studies have opened up new avenues for the application of gut microbiota in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CRC. This review article summarizes the role of gut microbiota in CRC development and its use as a biomarker to predict the disease and its potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himani Pandey
- Redcliffe Labs, Electronic City, Noida 201301, India
| | - Daryl W. T. Tang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Sunny H. Wong
- Centre for Microbiome Medicine, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- Correspondence: (S.H.W.); (D.L.)
| | - Devi Lal
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
- Correspondence: (S.H.W.); (D.L.)
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16
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Xu S, Lv Q, Zou N, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Tang Q, Chou SH, Lu L, He J. Influence of neo-adjuvant radiotherapy on the intestinal microbiota of rectal cancer patients. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s00432-022-04553-6. [PMID: 36656381 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04553-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neo-adjuvant radiotherapy (NART) is a widely used pre-surgery radiotherapy for rectal cancer patients. Although NART is effective in reducing tumor burden before surgery, it may cause dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota. The intestinal microbiota shapes tumor inflammatory environment and influences cancer progression. However, how NART remodels the microbiota and how the microbiota affects therapeutic efficacy has been largely elusive. This study aimed to reveal the details of how NART affects the intestinal microbiota in patients with rectal cancer. METHODS Rectal cancer patients who received NART were recruited into the study, and their healthy family members on the same diet served as controls. Stool samples from five rectal cancer patients (28 in total) and five healthy individuals (16 in total) were collected for intestinal microbiota analysis by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Samples from patients were divided into earlier- and later-NART according to the number of NART. RESULTS NART did not significantly affect the α diversity of intestinal microbiota. However, the abundance of bacterial genera associated with cancer progression tended to decrease in later-NART patients. More importantly, a variety of oral pathogenic bacteria were enriched in the intestine of later-NART patients. NART also affected functional pathways associated with the microbiota in DNA repair, metabolism, and bacterial infection. CONCLUSION NART significantly altered the microbiota composition and function in rectal cancer patients, and some oral pathogens were found to translocate to the intestine. This is the first report to study the effect of NART on intestinal microbiota in patients with rectal cancer, exploring the importance of intestinal microbiota during the process of NART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology & Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qimei Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology & Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ning Zou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology & Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiucheng Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology & Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shan-Ho Chou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology & Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jin He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology & Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Senchukova MA. Microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract: Friend or foe? World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:19-42. [PMID: 36683718 PMCID: PMC9850957 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i1.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is currently considered an external organ of the human body that provides important mechanisms of metabolic regulation and protection. The gut microbiota encodes over 3 million genes, which is approximately 150 times more than the total number of genes present in the human genome. Changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiome lead to disruption in the synthesis of key bacterial metabolites, changes in intestinal barrier function, and inflammation and can cause the development of a wide variety of diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, gastrointestinal disorders, cardiovascular issues, neurological disorders and oncological concerns. In this review, I consider issues related to the role of the microbiome in the regulation of intestinal barrier function, its influence on physiological and pathological processes occurring in the body, and potential new therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring the gut microbiome. Herewith, it is important to understand that the gut microbiota and human body should be considered as a single biological system, where change of one element will inevitably affect its other components. Thus, the study of the impact of the intestinal microbiota on health should be considered only taking into account numerous factors, the role of which has not yet been fully elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina A Senchukova
- Department of Oncology, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg 460000, Russia
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Zheng Z, Hu Y, Tang J, Xu W, Zhu W, Zhang W. The implication of gut microbiota in recovery from gastrointestinal surgery. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1110787. [PMID: 36926517 PMCID: PMC10011459 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1110787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recovery from gastrointestinal (GI) surgery is often interrupted by the unpredictable occurrence of postoperative complications, including infections, anastomotic leak, GI dysmotility, malabsorption, cancer development, and cancer recurrence, in which the implication of gut microbiota is beginning to emerge. Gut microbiota can be imbalanced before surgery due to the underlying disease and its treatment. The immediate preparations for GI surgery, including fasting, mechanical bowel cleaning, and antibiotic intervention, disrupt gut microbiota. Surgical removal of GI segments also perturbs gut microbiota due to GI tract reconstruction and epithelial barrier destruction. In return, the altered gut microbiota contributes to the occurrence of postoperative complications. Therefore, understanding how to balance the gut microbiota during the perioperative period is important for surgeons. We aim to overview the current knowledge to investigate the role of gut microbiota in recovery from GI surgery, focusing on the crosstalk between gut microbiota and host in the pathogenesis of postoperative complications. A comprehensive understanding of the postoperative response of the GI tract to the altered gut microbiota provides valuable cues for surgeons to preserve the beneficial functions and suppress the adverse effects of gut microbiota, which will help to enhance recovery from GI surgery.
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Wang Z, Dan W, Zhang N, Fang J, Yang Y. Colorectal cancer and gut microbiota studies in China. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2236364. [PMID: 37482657 PMCID: PMC10364665 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2236364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant tumor worldwide. The incidence and mortality rates of CRC have been increasing in China, possibly due to economic development, lifestyle, and dietary changes. Evidence suggests that gut microbiota plays an essential role in the tumorigenesis of CRC. Gut dysbiosis, specific pathogenic microbes, metabolites, virulence factors, and microbial carcinogenic mechanisms contribute to the initiation and progression of CRC. Gut microbiota biomarkers have potential translational applications in CRC screening and early diagnosis. Gut microbiota-related interventions could improve anti-tumor therapy's efficacy and severe intestinal toxic effects. Chinese researchers have made many achievements in the relationship between gut microbiota and CRC, although some challenges remain. This review summarizes the current evidence from China on the role of gut microbiota in CRC, mainly including the gut microbiota characteristics, especially Fusobacterium nucleatum and Parvimonas micra, which have been identified to be enriched in CRC patients; microbial pathogens such as F. nucleatum and enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, and P. micra, which Chinese scientists have extensively studied; diagnostic biomarkers especially F. nucleatum; therapeutic effects, including microecological agents represented by certain Lactobacillus strains, fecal microbiota transplantation, and traditional Chinese medicines such as Berberine and Curcumin. More efforts should be focused on exploring the underlying mechanisms of microbial pathogenesis of CRC and providing novel gut microbiota-related therapeutic and preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikai Wang
- Microbiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wanyue Dan
- Microbiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Nana Zhang
- Microbiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Fang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunsheng Yang
- Microbiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Xia C, Cai Y, Ren S, Xia C. Role of microbes in colorectal cancer therapy: Cross-talk between the microbiome and tumor microenvironment. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1051330. [PMID: 36438840 PMCID: PMC9682563 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1051330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota is associated with the development and progression of colorectal cancer, and manipulation of the gut microbiota is a novel strategy for the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. Some bacteria have antitumor activity against colorectal cancer, where specific bacteria can improve the tumor microenvironment, activate immune cells including dendritic cells, helper T cells, natural killer cells, and cytotoxic T cells, and upregulate the secretion of pro-tumor immune cytokines such as interleukin-2 and interferon. In this paper, we summarize some bacteria with potential benefits in colorectal cancer and describe their roles in the tumor microenvironment, demonstrate the application of gut microbes in combination with immunosuppressive agents, and provide suggestions for further experimental studies and clinical practice applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yantao Cai
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Shuangyi Ren
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chenglai Xia
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Growth of succinate consumer Dialister hominis is supported by Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. Anaerobe 2022; 77:102642. [PMID: 36113733 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study revealed an interaction between the gut commensal bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron JCM 5827T and asaccharolytic bacterium Dialister hominis JCM 33369T, which uses succinate instead of carbohydrates for growth. D. hominis usually forms extremely small colonies on Brucella blood agar plates. However, when co-cultured with B. thetaiotaomicron, D. hominis grew noticeably and formed larger colonies than those in the single culture, especially near B. thetaiotaomicron colonies. Although D. hominis barely grew in Gifu anaerobic medium broth, adding 1% succinate improved its growth. In the mixed culture, the succinate produced by B. thetaiotaomicron was mostly converted to propionate. This result was consistent with the single culture of D. hominis in the succinate-containing broth and our previous report on Phascolarctobacterium faecium, a succinate-utilizing gut bacterium. Our series of studies suggests that syntrophy within the human gut microbiota occurs via succinate.
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