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Xiang T, Yang Z, Sun B, Luo H, Zhang S, Ren B, Chen X, Zhou X, Chen Z. Traditional Chinese medicine: Pivotal role of the spleen in the metabolism of aristolochic acid I in rats is dependent on oatp2a1. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:3243-50. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Jayakumar T, Yang CH, Geraldine P, Yen TL, Sheu JR. The pharmacodynamics of antiplatelet compounds in thrombosis treatment. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016; 12:615-32. [DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2016.1176141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thanasekaran Jayakumar
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pitchairaj Geraldine
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Ting-Lin Yen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Joen-Rong Sheu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Sun YL, Hou T, Liu SF, Zhang ZL, Zhang N, Yao M, Yang L, Shi Q, Cui XJ, Wang YJ. Population pharmacokinetic modeling of the Qishe pill in three major traditional Chinese medicine-defined constitutional types of healthy Chinese subjects: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2015; 16:64. [PMID: 25885543 PMCID: PMC4351929 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-015-0568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High incidences of neck pain morbidity are challenging in various situations for populations based on their demographic, physiological and pathological characteristics. Chinese proprietary herbal medicines, as Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) products, are usually developed from well-established and long-standing recipes formulated as tablets or capsules. However, good quantification and strict standardization are still needed for implementation of individualized therapies. The Qishe pill was developed and has been used clinically since 2009. The Qishe pill's personalized medicine should be documented and administered to various patients according to the ancient TCM system, a classification of personalized constitution types, established to determine predisposition and prognosis to diseases as well as therapy and life-style administration. Therefore, we describe the population pharmacokinetic profile of the Qishe pill and compare its metabolic rate in the three major constitution types (Qi-Deficiency, Yin-Deficiency and Blood-Stasis) to address major challenges to individualized standardized TCM. METHODS/DESIGN Healthy subjects (N = 108) selected based on constitutional types will be assessed, and standardized pharmacokinetic protocol will be used for assessing demographic, physiological, and pathological data. Laboratory biomarkers will be evaluated and blood samples collected for pharmacokinetics(PK) analysis and second-generation gene sequencing. In single-dose administrations, subjects in each constitutional type cohort (N = 36) will be randomly divided into three groups to receive different Qishe pill doses (3.75, 7.5 and 15 grams). Multiomics, including next generation sequencing, metabolomics, and proteomics, will complement the Qishe pill's multilevel assessment, with cytochrome P450 genes as targets. In a comparison with the general population, a systematic population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model for the Qishe pill will be established and verified. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02294448 .15 November 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-li Sun
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725, South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725, South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
| | - Ting Hou
- College of Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China.
| | - Shu-fen Liu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725, South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725, South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
| | - Zhong-liang Zhang
- Zhe Jiang Biosia Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, No.1938 Xinqun Road, Pinghu City, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China.
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China.
| | - Min Yao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725, South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725, South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
| | - Long Yang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725, South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725, South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
| | - Qi Shi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725, South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725, South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
| | - Xue-jun Cui
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725, South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725, South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
| | - Yong-jun Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725, South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725, South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
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Shi X, Tang Y, Zhu H, Li W, Li W, Li Z, Luo N, Duan JA. Pharmacokinetic comparison of seven major bio-active components in normal and blood deficiency rats after oral administration of Danggui Buxue decoction by UPLC-TQ/MS. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 153:169-177. [PMID: 24583239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Blood deficiency is commonly encountered among women, and is the root of many gynecological disorders. Danggui Buxue Decoction (DBD), a classical traditional Chinese formula which is composed of Astragali Radix (AR) and Angelicae Sinensis Radix (ASR) at the ratio of 5:1 (w/w), is widely used in TCM clinics for treatment of blood deficiency syndrome. This study is to compare the in vivo pharmacokinetic properties of seven major bio-active components in normal and blood deficiency rats after oral administration of DBD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood deficiency rats were induced by bleeding from orbit at the dosages of 5.0mL/kg each day for 12 days. Normal and blood deficiency rats were administrated of DBD on the 12th day at the dosage of 20g/kg, and blood was collected at different time points after then. Concentrations of ferulic acid, caffeic acid, butylphthalide, ligustilide, calycosin-7-O-β-glucoside, ononin, and astragaloside IV in plasma were quantified by UPLC-TQ/MS, and the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS 2.0. RESULTS It was found that Cmax, Tmax and MRT0~T of astragaloside IV, Cmax, T1/2Z, AUC0~T and MRT0~T of calycosin-7-O-β-glucoside, T1/2Z and AUC0~T of ferulic acid, T1/2Z, AUC0~T and MRT0~T of ononin, and MRT0~T of ligustilide, butylphthalide, and caffeic acid in blood deficiency rats was significantly different (P<0.05) from normal rats. CONCLUSIONS This study was the first report about pharmacokinetic investigation in blood deficiency animals which was conducted by bleeding. And the results demonstrated that the seven DBD constituents in normal and blood deficiency rats had obvious differences in some pharmacokinetic characteristics, suggesting that the rate and extent of drug metabolism were altered in blood deficiency animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqin Shi
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engeering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuping Tang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engeering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Huaxu Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engeering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weixia Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engeering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engeering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhenhao Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engeering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Niancui Luo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engeering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin-ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engeering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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Feng L, Mao W, Zhang J, Liu X, Jiao Y, Zhao X, Wang X, Zhang D, Cai D, Wang Y. Pharmacokinetic variations of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate after oral administration in hepatic precancerous mice and its hepatoprotective effects. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 40:1-8. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2012.756513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Zhao J, Tang W, Wang J, Xiang J, Gong H, Chen G. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of four major phytochemical components of Da-Cheng-Qi decoction to treat acute pancreatitis. J Pharmacol Sci 2013; 122:118-27. [PMID: 23739595 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.13037fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The medicinal herb formulation Da-Cheng-Qi decoction (DCQD) has been shown to ameliorate the severity of acute pancreatitis by regulating an apoptosis-necrosis switch in cells. The active components responsible for this effect and their detailed mechanism of action remain unclear. Here we determine the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the four most abundant compounds in DCQD using a rat model of severe acute pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis-like symptoms were first induced in rats and then they were given DCQD orally. Rhein was found in rat serum at much higher levels than magnolol, hesperidin, or naringin, even though it was the least abundant of the four compounds in the DCQD. We also examined pharmacodynamics in AR42J cells stimulated with 10(-8) M cerulein as a cellular model of acute pancreatitis. After pretreating AR42J cells with individual compounds and then exposing them to cerulein, we determined cell viability, levels of apoptosis and necrosis, and numbers of cells positive for reactive oxygen species (ROS). Pretreatment with any of the four DCQD compounds increased cell viability and the apoptosis index, while also reducing necrosis and ROS generation. The compounds showed maximal effect in AR42J cells around the same time that they showed maximum serum concentration in rats. Although all four components appear to play a role in an apoptosis-necrosis cellular switch in vitro, rhein may be the most bioactive DCQD ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, West China Medical Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Li W, Guo J, Tang Y, Wang H, Huang M, Qian D, Duan JA. Pharmacokinetic comparison of ferulic acid in normal and blood deficiency rats after oral administration of Angelica sinensis, Ligusticum chuanxiong and their combination. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:3583-97. [PMID: 22489169 PMCID: PMC3317729 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13033583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Radix Angelica Sinensis (RAS) and Rhizome Ligusticum (RLC) combination is a popular herb pair commonly used in clinics for treatment of blood deficiency syndrome in China. The aim of this study is to compare the pharmacokinetic properties of ferulic acid (FA), a main bioactive constituent in both RAS and RLC, between normal and blood deficiency syndrome animals, and to investigate the influence of compatibility of RAS and RLC on the pharmacokinetic of FA. The blood deficiency rats were induced by injecting 2% Acetyl phenylhydrazine (APH) on the first day, every other day, to a total of five times, at the dosage of 100, 50, 50, 30, 30 mg/kg body mass, respectively. Quantification of FA in rat plasma was achieved by using a simple and rapid HPLC method. Plasma samples were collected at different time points to construct pharmacokinetic profiles by plotting drug concentration versus time, and estimate pharmacokinetic parameters. Between normal and blood deficiency model groups, both AUC((0-) (t) ()) and C(max) of FA in blood deficiency rats after RAS-RLC extract administration increased significantly (P < 0.05), while clearance (CL) decreased significantly. Among three blood deficiency model groups, t(1/2α), V(d), AUC((0-) (t) ()) and AUC((0-∞)) all increased significantly in the RAS-RLC extract group compared with the RAS group. The results indicated that FA was absorbed better and eliminated slower in blood deficiency rats; RLC could significantly prolong the half-life of distribution, increase the volume of distribution and the absorption amount of FA of RAS in blood deficiency rats, which may be due to the synergic action when RAS and RLC were used together to treat blood deficiency syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixia Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; E-Mails: (W.L.); (J.G.); (H.W.); (M.H.); (D.Q.)
| | - Jianming Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; E-Mails: (W.L.); (J.G.); (H.W.); (M.H.); (D.Q.)
| | - Yuping Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; E-Mails: (W.L.); (J.G.); (H.W.); (M.H.); (D.Q.)
| | - Huan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; E-Mails: (W.L.); (J.G.); (H.W.); (M.H.); (D.Q.)
| | - Meiyan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; E-Mails: (W.L.); (J.G.); (H.W.); (M.H.); (D.Q.)
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; E-Mails: (W.L.); (J.G.); (H.W.); (M.H.); (D.Q.)
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China; E-Mails: (W.L.); (J.G.); (H.W.); (M.H.); (D.Q.)
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Qiu XJ, Huang X, Chen ZQ, Ren P, Huang W, Qin F, Hu SH, Huang J, He J, Liu ZQ, Zhou HH. Pharmacokinetic study of the prokinetic compounds meranzin hydrate and ferulic acid following oral administration of Chaihu-Shugan-San to patients with functional dyspepsia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:205-213. [PMID: 21605652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2011] [Revised: 04/30/2011] [Accepted: 05/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The prokinetic activity of ferulic acid derived from Ligusticum chuanxiong hort in the Chaihu-Shugan-San formula has been shown to be similar to Chaihu-Shugan-San, a popular traditional Chinese medicine for treating functional dyspepsia. The effects of meranzin hydrate, a compound isolated from Fructus aurantii in the Chaihu-Shugan-San formula, are unclear, as the pharmacokinetics have never been studied in patients with functional dyspepsia. This study aimed to describe the pharmacokinetics of ferulic acid and merazin hydrate by evaluating the prokinetics induced by Chaihu-Shugan-San and meranzin hydrate. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gastric emptying and intestinal transit were measured after oral administration of a single dose of Chaihu-Shugan-San or meranzin hydrate in rats. The tone of rat ileum was selected as direct evidence of the prokinetic activity of meranzin hydrate. Patients with functional dyspepsia were recruited, and meranzin hydrate and ferulic acid were identified by ultra performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry in the plasma of patients following a single oral administration of Chaihu-Shugan-San. The resulting pharmacokinetic properties were determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to photo diode array. RESULTS In rats, single doses of Chaihu-Shugan-San (20 g/kg) and meranzin hydrate (28 mg/kg) significantly accelerated gastric emptying and intestinal transit (Chaihu-Shugan-San: 68.9 ± 5.6% and 72.3 ± 4.7%, meranzin hydrate: 72.9 ± 3.8% and 75.2 ± 3.1%) compared with the control (55.45 ± 3.7% and 63.51 ± 5.1%, P<0.05), showing similar results as cisapride (69.6 ± 4.8% and 71.6 ± 6.3%). Meranzin hydrate (30, 100 μmol/L) directly increased the amplitude of rat ileum compared with the control (P<0.01). The pharmacokinetics profiles of meranzin hydrate and ferulic acid in patient plasma was fitted with a two-compartment model detected by a simple, rapid and accurate UPLC method. Time to reach peak concentration of meranzin hydrate (0.371 mg/L) and ferulic acid (0.199 mg/L) was 23.57 min and 27.50 min, respectively. The elimination half-life and area under the concentration-time curve from t=0 to the last time of meranzin hydrate and ferulic acid were 139.53 min and 31.445 μg min/mL and 131.27 min and 14.835 μg min/mL, respectively. The absorption constant and volume of distribution of meranzin hydrate and ferulic acid were 0.185 ± 0.065 min(-1) and 3782.89 ± 2686.72 L/kg and 0.524 ± 0.157 min(-1) and 11713 ± 7618.68 L/kg, respectively. The experimental results of the pharmacokinetic parameters of meranzin hydrate and ferulic acid indicate that they were absorbed and distributed rapidly. CONCLUSIONS The pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of prokinetic Chaihu-Shugan-San and its compounds are useful for monitoring Chaihu-Shugan-San formulas in clinical practice and for understanding therapeutic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Jian Qiu
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China
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Bian C, Zhang L, Xiong H, Zhang X, Wang S. Electrochemical Behavior of Herbal Antitumor Drug Aloe-Emodin at Carbon-Coated Nickel Magnetic Nanoparticles Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201000211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Qin F, Huang X, Zhang HM, Ren P. Pharmacokinetic comparison of puerarin after oral administration of Jiawei-Xiaoyao-San to healthy volunteers and patients with functional dyspepsia: influence of disease state. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.61.01.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
An investigation has been designed and conducted to compare the pharmaco-kinetics of puerarin after oral administration of Jiawei-Xiaoyao-San to healthy volunteers and to patients with functional dyspepsia.
Methods
Quantification of puerarin in serum was achieved using a simple and rapid HPLC method for pharmacokinetic study.
Key findings
After oral administration of decoctions of Jiawei-Xiaoyao-San to healthy volunteers and patients with functional dyspepsia, puerarin was absorbed and reached a maximum concentration of 56.47 ± 15.60 and 29.40 ± 8.89 ng/ml at 51.00 ± 8.22 and 50.00 ± 12.25 min, respectively. Compared with the value of AUC0–360 (5.55 ± 1.47 μg/ml min) in healthy volunteers, a smaller value of AUC0–360 (3.35 ± 1.17 μg/ml min) was observed in patients with functional dyspepsia.
Conclusions
There were statistically significant differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters of puerarin including the values for Cmax, AUC0–360, Cl/F and MRT0–360 between healthy volunteers and patients with functional dyspepsia. The pharmacokinetic parameters showed that functional dyspepsia reduced the absorption of puerarin after oral administration of Jiawei-Xiaoyao-San.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Qin
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology and Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology and Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-Min Zhang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ping Ren
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology and Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Gong HL, Tang WF, Yu Q, Xiang J, Xia Q, Chen GY, Huang X, Liang MZ. Effect of severe acute pancreatitis on pharmacokinetics of Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction components. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15:5992-9. [PMID: 20014465 PMCID: PMC2795188 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.15.5992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) on pharmacokinetics of Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction (DCQD) components in rats.
METHODS: Rats were divided into SAP group and sham-operation group as a control group (n = 6). Rhein, chrysophanol, rheochrysidin, magnolol, hesperidin and naringin in DCQD were quantified in rat serum by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for studying their pharmacokinetics.
RESULTS: Early absorption of each DCQD component was tended to degrade in SAP group after treatment with DCQD by gavage. The Cmax (chrysophanol, P = 0.0059; rheochrysidin, P = 0.0288; magnolol, P = 0.0487; hesperidin, P = 0.0277; naringin, P = 0.0023) and AUC (rhein, P = 0.0186; chrysophanol, P = 0.0013; magnolol, P = 0.001; hesperidin, P = 0.0081; naringin, P = 0.0272) of DCQD component were obviously lower in SAP group than in control group. The T1/2α of chrysophanol and rheochrysidin (P = 0.0467 and 0.0005, respectively) and Tmax of chrysophanol and rheochrysidin (P = 0.0101 and 0.0037, respectively) lasted longer in SAP group than in control group.
CONCLUSION: SAP can significantly impact the absorption of DCQD components in rats and their pharmacokinetic parameters.
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Erratum: Neural protection by naturopathic compounds-an example of tetramethylpyrazine from retina to brain. J Ocul Biol Dis Infor 2009; 2:137-144. [PMID: 20046848 PMCID: PMC2798986 DOI: 10.1007/s12177-009-9033-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the advantages of being stable in the ambient environment, being permeable to the blood-brain and/or blood-eye barriers and being convenient for administration, naturopathic compounds have growingly become promising therapeutic candidates for neural protection. Extracted from one of the most common Chinese herbal medicines, tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), also designated as ligustrazine, has been suggested to be neuroprotective in the central nervous system as well as the peripheral nerve network. Although the detailed molecular mechanisms of its efficacy for neural protection are understood limitedly, accumulating evidence suggests that antioxidative stress, antagonism for calcium, and suppression of pro-inflammatory factors contribute significantly to its neuroprotection. In animal studies, systemic administration of TMP (subcutaneous injection, 50 mg/kg) significantly blocked neuronal degeneration in hippocampus as well as the other vulnerable regions in brains of Sprague-Dawley rats following kainate-induced prolonged seizures. Results from us and others also demonstrated potent neuroprotective efficacy of TMP for retinal cells and robust benefits for brain in Alzheimer's disease or other brain injury. These results suggest a promising prospect for TMP to be used as a treatment of specific neurodegenerative diseases. Given the assessment of the distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity information that is already available on most neuroprotective naturopathic compounds such as TMP, preclinical data to justify bringing such therapeutic compounds to clinical trials in humans is feasible.[This corrects the article on p. in vol. .].
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Tan Z. Neural protection by naturopathic compounds-an example of tetramethylpyrazine from retina to brain. J Ocul Biol Dis Infor 2009; 2:57-64. [PMID: 19672463 PMCID: PMC2723671 DOI: 10.1007/s12177-009-9024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2009] [Accepted: 06/02/2009] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the advantages of being stable in the ambient environment, being permeable to the blood–brain and/or blood–eye barriers and being convenient for administration, naturopathic compounds have growingly become promising therapeutic candidates for neural protection. Extracted from one of the most common Chinese herbal medicines, tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), also designated as ligustrazine, has been suggested to be neuroprotective in the central nervous system as well as the peripheral nerve network. Although the detailed molecular mechanisms of its efficacy for neural protection are understood limitedly, accumulating evidence suggests that antioxidative stress, antagonism for calcium, and suppression of pro-inflammatory factors contribute significantly to its neuroprotection. In animal studies, systemic administration of TMP (subcutaneous injection, 50 mg/kg) significantly blocked neuronal degeneration in hippocampus as well as the other vulnerable regions in brains of Sprague–Dawley rats following kainate-induced prolonged seizures. Results from us and others also demonstrated potent neuroprotective efficacy of TMP for retinal cells and robust benefits for brain in Alzheimer’s disease or other brain injury. These results suggest a promising prospect for TMP to be used as a treatment of specific neurodegenerative diseases. Given the assessment of the distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity information that is already available on most neuroprotective naturopathic compounds such as TMP, it would not take much preclinical data to justify bringing such therapeutic compounds to clinical trials in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqun Tan
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, ZOT 4275, 100 Irvine Hall, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
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Tang WF, Wan MH, Huang QR, Zhu ZY, Zhao JL, Wu YZ, Huang X. Effect of Da-Cheng-Qi decoction on the pharmacokinetics of ranitidine in rats. Biomed Chromatogr 2008; 22:851-6. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Tang WF, Huang X, Yu Q, Qin F, Wan MH, Wang YG, Liang MZ. Determination and pharmacokinetic comparison of rhein in rats after oral dosed with Da-Cheng-Qi decoction and Xiao-Cheng-Qi decoction. Biomed Chromatogr 2008; 21:1186-90. [PMID: 17582236 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Da-Cheng-Qi decoction (DCQD) is composed of dahuang, houpu, zhishi and mangxiao, while Xiao-Cheng-Qi decoction (XCQD) just contains dahuang, houpu, and zhishi. A validated high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for the determination and pharmacokinetic comparison of rhein in rats. It was performed on a reversed-phase C(18) column (150 x 4.6 mm) with a mobile phase of methanol and 0.2% acetic acid (89:11, v/v) and ultraviolet detection at 254 nm. The assay was linear over the range 30-3000 ng/mL (r(2) = 0.9991), with mean percentage recovery of 101.4%. The RSD of intra- and inter-day precision were less than 3.0%, with accuracy in the range 96.8-102.5% for each of the concentrations tested. Following oral administration, rhein plasma levels revealed curves characterized by peaks at 20.5 and 30.1 min corresponding to dosages of 15 mg/kg (XCQD) and 20 mg/kg (DCQD) at mean concentrations of 1184.67 and 1814.27 ng/mL, respectively. The half-lives of rhein from XCQD and DCQD were 45.3 and 139.6 min, respectively. AUC(0-12h) of rhein after oral dosage with XCQD and DCQD were 3435.68 and 5382.25 microg/L h, respectively. The pharmacokinetic parameters may be used to guide the clinical prescription compatibility of traditional Chinese prescriptions related to dahuang and mangxiao.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Fu Tang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China. @
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Tang WF, Yu Q, Wan MH, Qin F, Wang YG, Chen GY, Liang MZ, Huang X. Simultaneous determination and pharmacokinetic studies of aloe emodin and chrysophanol in rats after oral administration of Da-Cheng-Qi decoction by high-performance liquid chromatography. Biomed Chromatogr 2007; 21:701-7. [PMID: 17370297 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for simultaneous determination and pharmacokinetic study of aloe emodin and chrysophanol in rats. It was performed on a reverse-phase C(18) column and a mobile phase made up of methanol and 0.2% acetic acid (83:17, v/v). The ultraviolet detection was 254 nm. 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone was used as the internal standard. The assay was linear over the range 28-2800 ng/mL (r(2) = 0.9993) for aloe emodin and 25.6-2560 ng/mL (r(2) = 0.9991) for chrysophanol. The average percentage recoveries of three spiked plasmas were 98.8-104.8% and 97.7-103.2% for aloe emodin and chrysophanol, respectively. Their RSD of intra-day and inter-day precision at concentrations of 56, 280 and 1400 ng/mL for aloe emodin and 51.6, 258 and 1290 ng/mL for chrysophanol were less than 3.5%. This method was applied for the first time to simultaneously determinate aloe emodin and chrysophanol in rats following oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine of Da-Cheng-Qi decoction. The pharmacokinetic parameters showed that chrysophanol was better absorbed with higher concentrations in plasma than aloe emodin did. They both eliminated slowly in male rats. The assay is suitable for identifying the plasma and tissue levels of aloe emodin and chrysophanol in preclinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Fu Tang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, People's Republic of China
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Yan R, Lin G, Ko NL, Tam YK. Low Oral Bioavailability and Pharmacokinetics of Senkyunolide A, a Major Bioactive Component in Rhizoma Chuanxiong, in the Rat. Ther Drug Monit 2007; 29:49-56. [PMID: 17304150 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0b013e31802c5862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of senkyunolide A, one of the major bioactive ingredients in the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Rhizoma Chuanxiong, which is commonly used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, was studied in rats. After intravenous (IV) administration, senkyunolide A was extensively distributed (Vd/F: 6.74 +/- 0.73 L/kg) and rapidly eliminated from the plasma (CL/F: 7.20 +/- 0.48 L/h per kilogram and t1/2: 0.65 +/- 0.06 hr). Hepatic metabolism was suggested as the major route of senkyunolide A elimination as indicated by the results of in vitro S9 fraction study. After intraperitoneal (IP) administration, senkyunolide A exhibited dose-independent pharmacokinetics. The absorption after IP administration was rapid (Tmax: 0.04 +/- 0.01 hours), and the bioavailability was 75%. After oral administration, senkyunolide A was also absorbed rapidly (Tmax: 0.21 +/- 0.08 hours); however, its oral bioavailability was low (approximately 8%). The contributing factors were determined to be instability in the gastrointestinal tract (accounting for 67% of the loss) and hepatic first-pass metabolism (accounting for another 25%). Pharmacokinetics of senkyunolide A were unaltered when Chuanxiong extract was administered, which suggests that components in the extract have insignificant effects on senkyunolide A pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
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Jiang WY. Therapeutic wisdom in traditional Chinese medicine: a perspective from modern science. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2005; 26:558-63. [PMID: 16185775 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2005.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2005] [Revised: 07/25/2005] [Accepted: 09/09/2005] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The reasons why the standards of evaluating Western medicine are not suitable for testing traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) are explicit in the therapeutic objective and principles of TCM. TCM aims to correct maladjustments and restore the self-regulatory ability of the body, and not to antagonize specific pathogenetic targets. Maladjustments in a disease can be classified into several 'patterns' according to TCM theory. Multiple diseases might share one 'pattern' and be treated by the same herbal formula whereas one disease might display several different 'patterns' and be treated by multiple formulae. These principles are supported by evidence that multi-system changes in one pattern can be modulated by a herbal formula. The approaches used in systems biology and pharmacogenetics are similar to the practices of TCM. I propose that a combined approach using specific parameters associated with modern medicine, the general condition of individuals, as outlined by TCM, and pattern stratification of diseases should be employed to re-evaluate herbal formulae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yue Jiang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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Chen JL, Zhou T, Chen WX, Zhu JS, Chen NW, Zhang MJ, Wu YL. Effect of tetramethylpyrazine on P-selectin and hepatic/renal ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats. World J Gastroenterol 2003; 9:1563-6. [PMID: 12854164 PMCID: PMC4615505 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v9.i7.1563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of tetramethylpyrazine on hepatic/renal ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats.
METHODS: Hepatic/renal function, histopathological changes, and hepatic/renal P-selectin expression were studied with biochemical measurement and immunohistochemistry in hepatic/renal ischemia and reperfusion injury in rat models.
RESULTS: Hepatic/renal insufficiency and histopathological damage were much less in the tetramethylpyrazine-treated group than those in the saline-treated groups. Hepatic/renal P-selectin expression was down regulated in the tetramethylpyrazine-treated group.
CONCLUSION: P-selectin might mediate neutrophil infiltration and contribute to hepatic/renal ischemia and reperfusion injury. Tetramethylpyrazine might prevent hepatic/renal damage induced by ischemia and reperfusion injury through inhibition of P-selectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Lian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China.
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Li LS, Qu RY, Wang W, Guo H. Significance of changes of gastrointestinal peptides in blood and ileum of experimental spleen deficiency rats. World J Gastroenterol 2003; 9:553-6. [PMID: 12632517 PMCID: PMC4621581 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v9.i3.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the mechanism of spleen deficiency (SD) by studying the relationship of gastro-intestinal peptides level and ileal electro-mechanical activity of SD rats and cold restrain rats.
METHODS: (1) spleen deficiency (SD) model was established by feeding Houpou:Zhishi: Dahuang in the ratio of 3:3:2, 3 ml/time, for 42 days. (2) The cold restrain stress model: Animals were restrained on grille and placed in a cool water at 18 °C for 3 h. (3) Substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) levels in all layers of initial part of ileum and blood in rats were measured by radioimmunoassays (RIA) while changes of electric activity and motility in ileum of rats were recorded with electrode and strain gauge.
RESULTS: SP levels in ileum and blood of experimental SD rats were significantly higher than that of the control groups (9.89 ± 5.65 vs 1.22 ± 1.18, P < 0.005, in ileum; 22.7 ± 3.95 vs 6.60 ± 1.47, P < 0.001, in blood) while the VIP levels of the SD rats were significantly lower than that of the controls (3.50 ± 2.01 vs 9.10 ± 4.91, P < 0.05, in ileum; 229.8 ± 62.4 vs 560.4 ± 151.3, P < 0.001, in blood). As compared with the controls, the average frequency of slow electric waves (21.3 ± 0.96 vs 18.2 ± 2.28, P < 0.05) and motility (21.5 ± 0.58 vs 18 ± 2.65, P < 0.005) of SD rats increased obviously and the frequency of fast waves of SD rat also increased. In spontaneous recovery cases, SP levels recovered significantly (compared with the SD groups, 2.99 ± 0.62 vs 9.89 ± 5.65, P < 0.001, in ileum; 14.4 ± 4.22 vs 22.7 ± 3.95, P < 0.001, in blood) but did not drop to normal. After the SD rats treated with Chinese herbs (Jiawei Sijun zi Tang), SP improved (compared with SD cases, 2.20 ± 1.25 vs 9.89 ± 5.65, (P < 0.001), in ileum; 10.7 ± 1.88 vs 22.7 ± 3.95, (P < 0.001), in blood) and VIP in blood also improved (compared with SD rats, 485.7 ± 229.0 vs 229.8 ± 62.4, P < 0.01) while the amplitude of motility decreased apparently (compared with the SD rats, 0.64 ± 0.096 vs 0.89 ± 0.15, P < 0.01). The ileal SP levels of cool stress didn’t change while the ileal VIP levels of cool stress became significantly lower than that of the control groups (2.87 ± 0.87 vs 9.10 ± 4.91, P < 0.01). The blood SP levels of cool stress were significantly higher (15.60 ± 1.83 vs 6.60 ± 1.47, P < 0.001) whereas the blood VIP levels of cool stress were significantly lower than that of the control group (153.4 ± 70.46 vs 560.4 ± 151.30, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Changes of SP and VIP levels in initial part of ileum and blood of SD rats and cool stress rats may be closely related to the gastrointestinal motility disorders presented in SD and cool stress rats. the Chinese herbs (Jiawei Sijun zi Tang) currently used have partially therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Sheng Li
- Department of Physiology, Capital University of Medical Sciences, 100054, Beijing, China.
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Wang Y, Shi L, Song F, Liu Z, Liu S. Exploring the ester-exchange reactions of diester-diterpenoid alkaloids in the aconite decoction process by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2003; 17:279-284. [PMID: 12569436 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The chemical components in the decoctions of Chinese herbal medicines are not always the same as those in the crude herbs because of the insolubility or instability of some compounds. In this work electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry was used to explore the ester-exchange reactions for aconitine-type diester-diterpenoid alkaloids occurring during the process of decocting aconite root. The aconitines were screened in a diverse range of samples, including crude aconite, decoction of crude aconite, residues from decoction of crude aconite, prepared aconite, decoction of prepared aconite, decoction of prepared aconite with added palmitic acid, and decoction of a mixture of mesaconitine and hypaconitine standards with liquorice root. It was found that diester-diterpenoid aconitines were converted into lipo-alkaloids as well as monoester alkaloids by the decoction of aconite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- The New Drug Laboratory of the Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
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