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Rizzi F, Panniello A, Comparelli R, Arduino I, Fanizza E, Iacobazzi RM, Perrone MG, Striccoli M, Curri ML, Scilimati A, Denora N, Depalo N. Luminescent Alendronic Acid-Conjugated Micellar Nanostructures for Potential Application in the Bone-Targeted Delivery of Cholecalciferol. Molecules 2024; 29:2367. [PMID: 38792228 PMCID: PMC11123821 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D, an essential micronutrient crucial for skeletal integrity and various non-skeletal physiological functions, exhibits limited bioavailability and stability in vivo. This study is focused on the development of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-grafted phospholipid micellar nanostructures co-encapsulating vitamin D3 and conjugated with alendronic acid, aimed at active bone targeting. Furthermore, these nanostructures are rendered optically traceable in the UV-visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum via the simultaneous encapsulation of vitamin D3 with carbon dots, a newly emerging class of fluorescents, biocompatible nanoparticles characterized by their resistance to photobleaching and environmental friendliness, which hold promise for future in vitro bioimaging studies. A systematic investigation is conducted to optimize experimental parameters for the preparation of micellar nanostructures with an average hydrodynamic diameter below 200 nm, ensuring colloidal stability in physiological media while preserving the optical luminescent properties of the encapsulated carbon dots. Comprehensive chemical-physical characterization of these micellar nanostructures is performed employing optical and morphological techniques. Furthermore, their binding affinity for the principal inorganic constituent of bone tissue is assessed through a binding assay with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, indicating significant potential for active bone-targeting. These formulated nanostructures hold promise for novel therapeutic interventions to address skeletal-related complications in cancer affected patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Rizzi
- CNR-Institute for Chemical and Physical Process, 70125 Bari, Italy; (F.R.); (A.P.); (R.C.); (E.F.); (M.S.); (M.L.C.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Annamaria Panniello
- CNR-Institute for Chemical and Physical Process, 70125 Bari, Italy; (F.R.); (A.P.); (R.C.); (E.F.); (M.S.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Roberto Comparelli
- CNR-Institute for Chemical and Physical Process, 70125 Bari, Italy; (F.R.); (A.P.); (R.C.); (E.F.); (M.S.); (M.L.C.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Ilaria Arduino
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (I.A.); (R.M.I.)
| | - Elisabetta Fanizza
- CNR-Institute for Chemical and Physical Process, 70125 Bari, Italy; (F.R.); (A.P.); (R.C.); (E.F.); (M.S.); (M.L.C.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Iacobazzi
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (I.A.); (R.M.I.)
| | - Maria Grazia Perrone
- Research Laboratory for Woman and Child Health, Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.G.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Marinella Striccoli
- CNR-Institute for Chemical and Physical Process, 70125 Bari, Italy; (F.R.); (A.P.); (R.C.); (E.F.); (M.S.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Maria Lucia Curri
- CNR-Institute for Chemical and Physical Process, 70125 Bari, Italy; (F.R.); (A.P.); (R.C.); (E.F.); (M.S.); (M.L.C.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Research Laboratory for Woman and Child Health, Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.G.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Nunzio Denora
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (I.A.); (R.M.I.)
| | - Nicoletta Depalo
- CNR-Institute for Chemical and Physical Process, 70125 Bari, Italy; (F.R.); (A.P.); (R.C.); (E.F.); (M.S.); (M.L.C.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy
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Cristelo C, Sá AF, Lúcio M, Sarmento B, Gama FM. Vitamin D loaded into lipid nanoparticles shows insulinotropic effect in INS-1E cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 196:106758. [PMID: 38570054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests a beneficial role of vitamin D (VitD) supplementation in addressing the widespread VitD deficiency, but currently used VitD3 formulations present low bioavailability and toxicity constrains. Hence, poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs), solid-lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were investigated to circumvent these issues. PLGA NPs prepared by emulsification or nanoprecipitation presented 74 or 200 nm, and association efficiency (AE) of 68 % and 17 %, respectively, and a rapid burst release of VitD3. Both SLN and NLCs presented higher polydispersity and larger NPs size, around 500 nm, which could be reduced to around 200 nm by use of hot high-pressure homogenization in the case of NLCs. VitD3 was efficiently loaded in both SLNs and NLCs with an AE of 82 and 99 %, respectively. While SLNs showed burst release, NLCs allowed a sustained release of VitD3 for nearly one month. Furthermore, NLCs showed high stability with maintenance of VitD3 loading for up to one month at 4 °C and no cytotoxic effects on INS-1E cells up to 72 h. A trending increase (around 30 %) on glucose-dependent insulin secretion was observed by INS-1E cells pre-treated with VitD3. This effect was consistently observed in the free form and after loading on NLCs. Overall, this work contributed to further elucidation on a suitable delivery system for VitD3 and on the effects of this metabolite on β cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília Cristelo
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Filipa Sá
- Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Marlene Lúcio
- CF-UM-UP, Centro de Física das Universidades do Minho e Porto, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal; CBMA, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; IUCS-CESPU, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Miguel Gama
- Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.
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Mwema A, Gratpain V, Ucakar B, Vanvarenberg K, Perdaens O, van Pesch V, Muccioli GG, des Rieux A. Impact of calcitriol and PGD 2-G-loaded lipid nanocapsules on oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation and remyelination. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01535-8. [PMID: 38366115 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01535-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating and inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in need of a curative treatment. MS research has recently focused on the development of pro-remyelinating treatments and neuroprotective therapies. Here, we aimed at favoring remyelination and reducing neuro-inflammation in a cuprizone mouse model of brain demyelination using nanomedicines. We have selected lipid nanocapsules (LNC) coated with the cell-penetrating peptide transactivator of translation (TAT), loaded with either a pro-remyelinating compound, calcitriol (Cal-LNC TAT), or an anti-inflammatory bioactive lipid, prostaglandin D2-glycerol ester (PGD2-G) (PGD2-G-LNC TAT). Following the characterization of these formulations, we showed that Cal-LNC TAT in combination with PGD2-G-LNC TAT increased the mRNA expression of oligodendrocyte differentiation markers both in the CG-4 cell line and in primary mixed glial cell (MGC) cultures. However, while the combination of Cal-LNC TAT and PGD2-G-LNC TAT showed promising results in vitro, no significant impact, in terms of remyelination, astrogliosis, and microgliosis, was observed in vivo in the corpus callosum of cuprizone-treated mice following intranasal administration. Thus, although calcitriol's beneficial effects have been abundantly described in the literature in the context of MS, here, we show that the different doses of calcitriol tested had a negative impact on the mice well-being and showed no beneficial effect in the cuprizone model in terms of remyelination and neuro-inflammation, alone and when combined with PGD2-G-LNC TAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Mwema
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Avenue E. Mounier 73, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Avenue E. Mounier 73, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Viridiane Gratpain
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Avenue E. Mounier 73, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Ucakar
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Avenue E. Mounier 73, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kevin Vanvarenberg
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Avenue E. Mounier 73, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Océane Perdaens
- Cellular and Molecular Division, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Avenue E. Mounier 53, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent van Pesch
- Cellular and Molecular Division, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Avenue E. Mounier 53, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giulio G Muccioli
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Avenue E. Mounier 73, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Anne des Rieux
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, UCLouvain, Avenue E. Mounier 73, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
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Jain GK, Raina V, Grover R, Sharma J, Warsi MH, Aggarwal G, Kesharwani P. Revisiting the significance of nano-vitamin D for food fortification and therapeutic application. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2024; 50:89-101. [PMID: 38175566 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2023.2301478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vitamin D (a prohormone) is an important micronutrient required by the body for skeletal homeostasis and a range of non-skeletal actions. Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, regulates a variety of cellular and metabolic processes through both genomic and nongenomic pathways. Often prescribed for treating rickets and osteoporosis, vitamin D deficiency can exacerbate various other medical conditions. SIGNIFICANCE, METHODS, AND RESULTS Despite its multifunctional uses, the sensitivity of vitamin D makes formulating an efficient drug delivery system a challenging task, which is further complicated by its poor aqueous solubility. Enhancing the oral absorption of vitamin D is vital in utilizing its full efficacy. Recent developments in encapsulation and nanotechnology have shown promising results in overcoming these constraints. CONCLUSION This review thus offers an insight to adequately comprehend the mechanistic pharmacology of vitamin D, its pathophysiological role, and justification of its medical indications, along with the benefits of utilizing nanotechnology for vitamin D delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav K Jain
- Center for Advanced Formulation Technology (CAFT), Delhi Pharmaceutical Science and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, India
| | - Vidya Raina
- Center for Advanced Formulation Technology (CAFT), Delhi Pharmaceutical Science and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, India
| | - Rakshita Grover
- Center for Advanced Formulation Technology (CAFT), Delhi Pharmaceutical Science and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, India
| | - Jagriti Sharma
- Center for Advanced Formulation Technology (CAFT), Delhi Pharmaceutical Science and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, India
| | - Musarrat Husain Warsi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Geeta Aggarwal
- Center for Advanced Formulation Technology (CAFT), Delhi Pharmaceutical Science and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Johnson WT, McBride D, Kerr M, Nguyen A, Zoccheddu M, Bollmann M, Wei X, Jones RM, Wang W, Svensson MND, Bottini N, Shah NJ. Immunomodulatory Nanoparticles for Modulating Arthritis Flares. ACS NANO 2024; 18:1892-1906. [PMID: 38016062 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Disease-modifying drugs have improved the treatment for autoimmune joint disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, but inflammatory flares are a common experience. This work reports the development and application of flare-modulating poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)-maleimide (PLGA-PEG-MAL)-based nanoparticles conjugated with joint-relevant peptide antigens, aggrecan70-84 and type 2 bovine collagen256-270. Peptide-conjugated PLGA-PEG-MAL nanoparticles encapsulated calcitriol, which acted as an immunoregulatory agent, and were termed calcitriol-loaded nanoparticles (CLNP). CLNP had a ∼200 nm hydrodynamic diameter with a low polydispersity index. In vitro, CLNP induced phenotypic changes in bone marrow derived dendritic cells (DC), reducing the expression of costimulatory and major histocompatibility complex class II molecules, and proinflammatory cytokines. Bulk RNA sequencing of DC showed that CLNP enhanced expression of Ctla4, a gene associated with downregulation of immune responses. In vivo, CLNP accumulated in the proximal lymph nodes after intramuscular injection. Administration of CLNP was not associated with changes in peripheral blood cell numbers or cytokine levels. In the collagen-induced arthritis and SKG mouse models of autoimmune joint disorders, CLNP reduced clinical scores, prevented bone erosion, and preserved cartilage proteoglycan, as assessed by high-resolution microcomputed tomography and histomorphometry analysis. The disease protective effects were associated with increased CTLA-4 expression in joint-localized DC and CD4+ T cells but without generalized suppression of T cell-dependent immune response. The results support the potential of CLNP as modulators of disease flares in autoimmune arthropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wade T Johnson
- Department of NanoEngineering and Chemical Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - David McBride
- Department of NanoEngineering and Chemical Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Matthew Kerr
- Department of NanoEngineering and Chemical Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Anders Nguyen
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41346, Sweden
- SciLifeLab, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41346, Sweden
| | - Martina Zoccheddu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Miriam Bollmann
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41346, Sweden
- SciLifeLab, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41346, Sweden
| | - Xiaofu Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Ryan M Jones
- Department of NanoEngineering and Chemical Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Mattias N D Svensson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41346, Sweden
- SciLifeLab, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41346, Sweden
| | - Nunzio Bottini
- Kao Autoimmunity Institute and Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
| | - Nisarg J Shah
- Department of NanoEngineering and Chemical Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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Bingol Ozakpinar O, Dastan H, Gurboga M, Sayin FS, Ozsavci D, Caliskan Salihi E. Carbon Nanofiber-Sodium Alginate Composite Aerogels Loaded with Vitamin D: The Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects on Colon Cancer Cells. Gels 2023; 9:561. [PMID: 37504440 PMCID: PMC10379131 DOI: 10.3390/gels9070561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. A substantial body of literature supports the crucial role of vitamin D (VD) in the etiology, progression, prognosis, and treatment of cancer. Recent clinical studies have found an inverse correlation between CRC incidence and serum VD levels. However, the low water solubility of VD and its anticarcinogenic activity at supraphysiological plasma levels, which causes hypercalcemia, required carrier systems. Carbon-based nanomaterials are excellent eco-friendly candidates, with exceptional chemical resistance, efficient mechanical properties, and negligible weight. Furthermore, composite aerogels manufactured from these nanomaterials have gained interest due to their extensive surface areas and porous structures, which make them suitable for delivering drugs. Our research aimed to study the development of composite aerogels loaded with VD by utilizing carbon nanofibers (CNFs) in an aerogel matrix provided to colon cancer cells. For this purpose, Aero1 as a drug delivery system was first prepared and characterized using XRD, FTIR, and SEM methods. Biochemical methods were employed to evaluate the antiproliferative, apoptotic, and anti-migratory effects on colon cancer cells. FTIR and XRD measurements confirmed the production of aerogels. SEM analysis revealed that aerogels have a non-uniform surface. The findings showed that aerogels can effectively deliver VD to the colon cancer cells, while also inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and migration. This research suggests that the Aero1 drug delivery system could be a valuable tool in the fight against colon cancer and other health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Bingol Ozakpinar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Havva Dastan
- Department of Biochemistry, Health Sciences Institute, Marmara University, 34865 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Gurboga
- Department of Biochemistry, Health Sciences Institute, Marmara University, 34865 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Serdar Sayin
- Department of Electrical-Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, 34840 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Derya Ozsavci
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Caliskan Salihi
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, Turkey
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Enhanced sucrose-mediated cryoprotection of siRNA-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 220:112880. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Dawre S, Waghela S, Saraogi G. Statistically designed vitamin D3 Encapsulated PLGA microspheres dispersed in thermoresponsive in-situ gel for nasal delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Chen W, Feng Z, Sun Q. A novel ursodeoxycholic acid–chitosan-folate conjugates for the delivery of calcitriol for cancer therapy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Development and Evaluation of Letrozole-Loaded Hyaluronic Acid/Chitosan-Coated Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) Nanoparticles. J Pharm Innov 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-021-09538-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Almukainzi M, A El-Masry T, A Negm W, Elekhnawy E, Saleh A, E Sayed A, A Khattab M, H Abdelkader D. Gentiopicroside PLGA Nanospheres: Fabrication, in vitro Characterization, Antimicrobial Action, and in vivo Effect for Enhancing Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:1203-1225. [PMID: 35330694 PMCID: PMC8938172 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s358606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Gentiopicroside (GPS), an adequate bioactive candidate, has a promising approach for enhancing wound healing due to its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Its poor aqueous solubility negatively affects oral absorption accompanied by low bioavailability due to intestinal/hepatic first-pass metabolism. Our aim in this study is to fabricate GPS into appropriate nanocarriers (PLGA nanospheres, NSs) to enhance its solubility and hence its oral absorption would be improved. Methods Normal and ODS silica gel together with Sephadex LH20 column used for isolation of GPS from Gentiana lutea roots. Crude GPS would be further processed for nanospheres fabrication using a single o/w emulsion solvent evaporation technique followed by in vitro optimization study to examine the effect of two formulation variables: polymer (PLGA) and stabilizer (PVA) concentrations on the physical characterizations of prepared NSs. Possible GPS-PLGA chemical and physical interactions have been analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The optimum GPS-PLGA NSs have been chosen for antimicrobial study to investigate its inhibitory action on Staphylococcus aureus compared with unloaded GPS NSs. Also, a well-designed in vivo study on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats has been performed to examine the wound healing effect of GPS-PLGA NSs followed by histological examination of wound incisions at different day intervals throughout the study. Results The optimum GPS PLGA NSs (F5) with well-controlled particle size (250.10±07.86 nm), relative high entrapment efficiency (83.35±5.71), and the highest % cumulative release (85.79±8.74) have increased the antimicrobial activity as it exhibited a higher inhibitory effect on bacterial growth than free GPS. F5 showed a greater enhancing impact on wound healing and a significant stimulating effect on the synthesis of collagen fibers compared with free GPS. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that loading GPS into PLGA NSs is considered a promising strategy ensuring optimum GPS delivery for potential management of wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Almukainzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thanaa A El-Masry
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Walaa A Negm
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed A Khattab
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dalia H Abdelkader
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- Correspondence: Dalia H Abdelkader, Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31111, Egypt, Tel +20 40 3336007, Fax +20 40 3335466, Email ;
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Ghandehari S, Homayouni Tabrizi M, Izadi Nia J, Goodarzi MT. Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of PLGA Nanoparticles Produced From Kombucha Extract on A2780 Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Line. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.34172/ajmb.2021.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Anti-cancer agents encapsulated in nanoparticles (NPs) can result in higher efficiency. Kombucha is a fermented tea beverage, and previous reports support its anti-cancer properties. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) loaded Kombucha NPs (PLGA-K-NPs) against the A2780 human ovarian cancer cell line. Methods: The antioxidant activity was analyzed using ferric reducing ability of plasma and 2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assays, along with the measurement of catalase (CAT) gene expression. The gene expression of three interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10) was also determined to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory properties of NPs. Results: The results revealed the antioxidant effects of PLGA-K-NPs on the studied cell lines by increasing Fe3+ reduction, inhibiting the free radical formation (P<0.001), and increasing the expression of the CAT gene (P<0.001). In addition, NPs could significantly elevate the gene expression of IL-10 (P<0.01) as an anti-inflammatory cytokine at a 40 µg/mL concentration, while reducing the expression of IL-1β and IL-6, and inflammatory cytokines at all tested concentrations (P<0.01). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, PLGA-K-NPs have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, therefore, they can be considered as a compound in the treatment of ovarian cancer. However, it needs to be further investigated in animal studies to clarify more details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ghandehari
- Department of Chemistry, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran
| | | | - Jafar Izadi Nia
- Department of Chemistry, Herbal Medicines Raw Materials Research Center, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a form of dementia with high impact worldwide, accounting with more than 46 million cases. It is estimated that the number of patients will be four times higher in 2050. The initial symptoms of AD are almost imperceptible and typically involve lapses of memory in recent events. However, the available medicines still focus on controlling the symptoms and do not cure the disease. Regarding the advances in the discovery of new treatments for this devastating disease, natural compounds are gaining increasing relevance in the treatment of AD. Nevertheless, they present some limiting characteristics such as the low bioavailability and the low ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that hinder the development of effective therapies. To overcome these issues, the delivery of natural products by targeting nanocarriers has aroused a great interest, improving the therapeutic activity of these molecules. In this article, a review of the research progress on drug delivery systems (DDS) to improve the therapeutic activity of natural compounds with neuroprotective effects for AD is presented. Graphical abstract.
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PLGA Based Drug Carrier and Pharmaceutical Applications: The Most Recent Advances. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12090903. [PMID: 32971970 PMCID: PMC7558525 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Roy S, Manna K, Jha T, Saha KD. Chrysin-loaded PLGA attenuates OVA-induced allergic asthma by modulating TLR/NF-κB/NLRP3 axis. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 30:102292. [PMID: 32853785 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Asthma, one of the significant public health problems, is triggered by certain inflammatory processes in the airways that are not addressed propitiously by current therapies. Though pieces of evidence on allergic asthma mitigation by the anti-inflammatory bioflavonoid chrysin (CHR) are accumulating, poor bioavailability, and low solubility curtail drug development. To overcome these shortcomings, CHR loaded nanoparticle (CHR-NP) was formulated, and its salutary effect in preclinical murine allergic asthma model via the peroral route was evaluated. The spherical nanosized particles showed slow, sustained release in vitro. Moreover, CHR-NP dramatically reduced the serum IgE, ovalbumin (OVA)-induced lung histological alteration, as well as Th2 (T-helper 2) cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). It also suppressed the elevated serum pro-inflammatory cytokines and their upstream TLR/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway activation in lung superior to CHR and almost identical to dexamethasone (DEX). Thus this study suggests the potentiality of CHR-NP in ameliorating allergic asthma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saheli Roy
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Krishnendu Manna
- Department of Food & Nutrition, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Krishna Das Saha
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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16
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Jajaei MS, Rafiei S. Preparation of drug delivery system based on poly (lactide-glycolide) and evaluation of parameters affecting its structure for cancer treatment. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajce.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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17
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Pourtalebi Jahromi L, Ghazali M, Ashrafi H, Azadi A. A comparison of models for the analysis of the kinetics of drug release from PLGA-based nanoparticles. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03451. [PMID: 32140583 PMCID: PMC7049635 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) has received much academic attention for developing nanotherapeutics and FDA has approved it for several applications. An important parameter that dictates the bioavailability and hence the biological effect of the drug is drug release from its delivering system. This study offers a comparative mathematical analysis of drug release from Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)–based nanoparticles to suggest a general model explaining multi-mechanistic release they provide. Methods Eight release models, zero order, first order, Higuchi, Hixson-Crowell, the square root of mass, the three-second root of mass, Weibull and Korsmeyer-Peppas, as well as the second degree polynomial equation were applied to 60 data sets. The models analysed regarding several types of errors, regression parameters and average Akaike information criterion. Results and discussion Most of the data sets present the highest R2, the lowest overall error and AIC for the Weibull model. Weibull model with the mean AIC = -36.37 and mean OE = 7.24 and the highest NE less than 5, 10, 15 and 20 % in most of the cases best fits the release data from various PLGA-based drug delivery systems that are studied. Weibull model seems to show enough flexibility to describe various release patterns PLGA provides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Ghazali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hajar Ashrafi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Azadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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18
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Lee YC, Huang CT, Cheng FY, Hung SY, Lin TM, Tsai YC, Chen CI, Wang HK, Lin CW, Liou HH, Chang MY, Wang HH, Chiou YY. The Clinical Implication of Vitamin D Nanomedicine for Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritoneal Damage. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:9665-9675. [PMID: 31824158 PMCID: PMC6901052 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s215717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D is a novel potential therapeutic agent for peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritoneal fibrosis, but it can induce hypercalcemia and vascular calcification, which limits its applicability. In this study, we create nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems to investigate its therapeutics and side effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N- [amino-(polyethylene glycol)2000] (DSPE-PEG) and L-α-phosphatidylcholine (PC), which packages with 1α,25(OH)2D3, were used to construct vitamin D nanoliposomes. To confirm the function and safety of vitamin D nanoliposomes, peritoneal mesothelial cells were treated with TGF-β1 and the reverse was attempted using vitamin D nanoliposomes. Antibodies (Ab) against the peritoneum-glycoprotein M6A (GPM6A) Ab were conjugated with vitamin D nanoliposomes. These particles were implanted into mice by intraperitoneal injection and the animals were monitored for the distribution and side effects induced by vitamin D. RESULTS Vitamin D nanoliposomes were taken up by the mesothelial cells over time without cell toxicity and it also provided the same therapeutic effect in vitro. In vivo study, fluorescent imaging showed vitamin D nanoliposomes allow specific peritoneum target effect and also ameliorate vitamin D side effect. CONCLUSION Nanoliposomes vitamin D delivery systems for the prevention of PD-related peritoneal damage may be a potential clinical strategy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Che Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Dachang Hospital/ I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Hospital/ I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ting Huang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Fong-Yu Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yuan Hung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Hospital/ I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine for International Students
| | | | - Yen-Chang Tsai
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-I Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery
| | | | - Chi-Wei Lin
- Department of Medical Education, E-DA Hospital/ I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Hsiang Liou
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Hsin-Jen Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Min-Yu Chang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Hospital/ I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Hao Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Hospital/ I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yow Chiou
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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Factorial Design as a Tool for the Optimization of PLGA Nanoparticles for the Co-Delivery of Temozolomide and O6-Benzylguanine. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11080401. [PMID: 31405159 PMCID: PMC6722980 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely studied for several applications due to their advantageous properties, such as biocompatibility and biodegradability. Therefore, these nanocarriers could be a suitable approach for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) therapy. The treatment of this type of tumours remains a challenge due to intrinsic resistance mechanisms. Thus, new approaches must be envisaged to target GBM tumour cells potentially providing an efficient treatment. Co-delivery of temozolomide (TMZ) and O6-benzylguanine (O6BG), an inhibitor of DNA repair, could provide good therapeutic outcomes. In this work, a fractional factorial design (FFD) was employed to produce an optimal PLGA-based nanoformulation for the co-loading of both molecules, using a reduced number of observations. The developed NPs exhibited optimal physicochemical properties for brain delivery (dimensions below 200 nm and negative zeta potential), high encapsulation efficiencies (EE) for both drugs, and showed a sustained drug release for several days. Therefore, the use of an FFD allowed for the development of a nanoformulation with optimal properties for the co-delivery of TMZ and O6BG to the brain.
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Drug Delivery Systems for Vitamin D Supplementation and Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11070347. [PMID: 31323777 PMCID: PMC6680748 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11070347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) is a fat-soluble prohormone well known for its role in regulating calcium and phosphate metabolism. It has been clinically used for many years to prevent rickets in children, osteomalacia, and osteoporosis in adults. VD insufficiency is a common medical condition, and many supplements are available in the market in order to increase serum 25-hydroxy VD levels to recommended amounts. Over the course of the last decades, it has become increasingly clear that calcitriol, an active form of VD, regulates multiple cellular processes with effects on normal and malignant cell growth and differentiation, and on the immune and cardiovascular function. Increasing evidence supports the role of the VD system in cancer prevention and therapy. Due to many pleiotropic and beneficial effects in extra-skeletal disorders, VD has gained potential and become an interesting active for encapsulation into drug delivery systems. The purpose of this review is to present the diversity of drug delivery systems that have been reported for VD or VD derivatives in an orderly manner across the following categories: Oral administration, application on the skin, cancer prevention/therapy, and other diseases or routes of administration.
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21
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Andrade S, Ramalho MJ, Loureiro JA, Pereira MDC. Natural Compounds for Alzheimer's Disease Therapy: A Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2313. [PMID: 31083327 PMCID: PMC6539304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder related with the increase of age and it is the main cause of dementia in the world. AD affects cognitive functions, such as memory, with an intensity that leads to several functional losses. The continuous increase of AD incidence demands for an urgent development of effective therapeutic strategies. Despite the extensive research on this disease, only a few drugs able to delay the progression of the disease are currently available. In the last years, several compounds with pharmacological activities isolated from plants, animals and microorganisms, revealed to have beneficial effects for the treatment of AD, targeting different pathological mechanisms. Thus, a wide range of natural compounds may play a relevant role in the prevention of AD and have proven to be efficient in different preclinical and clinical studies. This work aims to review the natural compounds that until this date were described as having significant benefits for this neurological disease, focusing on studies that present clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Andrade
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria João Ramalho
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Angélica Loureiro
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria do Carmo Pereira
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
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22
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Rafique A, Etzerodt A, Graversen JH, Moestrup SK, Dagnæs-Hansen F, Møller HJ. Targeted lipid nanoparticle delivery of calcitriol to human monocyte-derived macrophages in vitro and in vivo: investigation of the anti-inflammatory effects of calcitriol. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:2829-2846. [PMID: 31114197 PMCID: PMC6488164 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s192113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D3 possesses anti-inflammatory and modulatory properties in addition to its role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Upon activation, macrophages (M) can initiate and sustain pro-inflammatory cytokine production in inflammatory disorders and play a pathogenic role in certain cancers. Purpose The main purpose of this study was to encapsulate and specifically target calcitriol to macrophages and investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of calcitriol in vitro and in vivo. Methods In this study we have designed and developed near-infrared calcitriol PEGylated nanoparticles (PEG-LNP(Cal)) using a microfluidic mixing technique and modified lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to target the M specific endocytic receptor CD163. We have investigated LNP cellular uptake and anti-inflammatory effect in LPS-induced M in vitro by flow cytometry, confocal microscopy and gene expression analyses. LNP pharmacodynamics, bio-distribution and organ specific LNP accumulation was also investigated in mice in vivo. Results In vitro, we observed the specific uptake of PEG-LNP(Cal)-hCD163 in human M, which was significantly higher than the non-specific uptake of control PEG-LNP(Cal)-IgG(h) in M. Pretreatment with encapsulated calcitriol was able to attenuate intracellular TNF-expression, and M surface marker HLA-DR expression more efficiently than free calcitriol in LPS-induced M in vitro. Encapsulated calcitriol diminished mRNA gene levels of TNF-, NF-B, MCP-1 and IL-6, while upregulating IL-10. TNF- and IL-6 protein secretion also decreased. In mice, an in vivo pharmacodynamic study of PEG-LNP(Cal) showed a rapid clearance of IgG and CD163 modified LNPs compared to PEG-LNP(Cal). Antibody modified PEG-LNP(Cal) accumulated in the liver, spleen and kidney, whereas unmodified PEG-LNP(Cal) accumulation was only observed in the liver. Conclusion Our results show that calcitriol can be effectively targeted to M. Our data confirms the anti-inflammatory properties of calcitriol and this may be a potential way to deliver high dose bioactive calcitriol to M during inflammation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Rafique
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark,
| | - Anders Etzerodt
- Institute of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jonas H Graversen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Søren K Moestrup
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Holger Jon Møller
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark,
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Sliker BH, Goetz BT, Peters HL, Poelaert BJ, Borgstahl GEO, Solheim JC. Beta 2-microglobulin regulates amyloid precursor-like protein 2 expression and the migration of pancreatic cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2019; 20:931-940. [PMID: 30810435 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1580414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta 2-microglobulin (β2m) is a component of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule, which presents tumor antigens to T lymphocytes to trigger cancer cell destruction. Notably, β2m has been reported as persistently expressed, rather than down regulated, in some tumor types. For renal cell and oral squamous cell carcinomas, β2m expression has been linked to increased migratory capabilities. The migratory ability of pancreatic cancer cells contributes to their metastatic tendencies and lethal nature. Therefore, in this study, we examined the impact of β2m on pancreatic cancer cell migration. We found that β2m protein is amply expressed in several human pancreatic cancer cell lines (S2-013, PANC-1, and MIA PaCa-2). Reducing β2m expression by short interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection significantly slowed the migration of the PANC-1 and S2-013 cancer cell lines, but increased the migration of the MIA PaCa-2 cell line. The amyloid precursor-like protein 2 (APLP2) has been documented as contributing to pancreatic cancer cell migration, invasiveness, and metastasis. We have previously shown that β2m/HLA class I/peptide complexes associate with APLP2 in S2-013 cells, and in this study we also detected their association in PANC-1 cells but not MIA PaCa-2 cells. In addition, siRNA down regulation of β2m expression diminished the expression of APLP2 in S2-013 and PANC-1 but heightened the level of APLP2 in MIA PaCa-2 cells, consistent with our migration data and co-immunoprecipitation data. Thus, our findings indicate that β2m regulates pancreatic cancer cell migration, and furthermore suggest that APLP2 is an intermediary in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailee H Sliker
- a Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,b Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Benjamin T Goetz
- a Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,b Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Haley L Peters
- a Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,b Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Brittany J Poelaert
- a Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,b Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Gloria E O Borgstahl
- a Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,b Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,d Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Joyce C Solheim
- a Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,b Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,e Department of Pathology and Microbiology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
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Steckiewicz KP, Barcinska E, Malankowska A, Zauszkiewicz-Pawlak A, Nowaczyk G, Zaleska-Medynska A, Inkielewicz-Stepniak I. Impact of gold nanoparticles shape on their cytotoxicity against human osteoblast and osteosarcoma in in vitro model. Evaluation of the safety of use and anti-cancer potential. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2019; 30:22. [PMID: 30747353 PMCID: PMC6373298 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6221-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Due to development of nanotechnology and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) increasing use in different areas of medicine, especially in oncology, better understanding of their potential cytotoxicity is necessary to protect patients safety. Shape and size of AuNPs is an important modulator of their cytotoxicity. Therefore, we investigated the cytotoxicity of AuNPs rods (≈39 nm length, 18 nm width), AuNPs stars (≈ 215 nm) and AuNPs spheres (≈ 6.3 nm) against human fetal osteoblast (hFOB 1.19), osteosarcoma (143B, MG63) and pancreatic duct cell (hTERT-HPNE) lines by MTT and neutral-red uptake assay. Moreover, influence of AuNPs on level of proapoptotic protein (Bax) and anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2) was measured by western blot. Cellular uptake of nanoparticles and ultrastructure changes were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In the present study we have proven that AuNPs stars are the most cytotoxic against human cells. We observed that cancer cells are more susceptible to AuNPs cytotoxic effect. Furthermore, AuNPs rods and AuNPs stars caused increased expression of Bax and decreased expression of Bcl-2 protein in osteosarcoma cells. We found that AuNPs penetrated through the cell membrane and caused ultrastructural changes. Our results clearly demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of AuNPs was shape-dependent. AuNPs stars with the highest anti-cancer potential were also the most cytotoxic type of tested NPs, whereas AuNPs spheres which appears to be the safest one had small anti-cancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol P Steckiewicz
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewelina Barcinska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Malankowska
- Department of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Grzegorz Nowaczyk
- NanoBioMedical Center, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Adriana Zaleska-Medynska
- Department of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
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Ramalho MJ, Andrade S, Coelho MÁN, Loureiro JA, Pereira MC. Biophysical interaction of temozolomide and its active metabolite with biomembrane models: The relevance of drug-membrane interaction for Glioblastoma Multiforme therapy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 136:156-163. [PMID: 30682492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) is the first-line treatment for Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM). After administration, TMZ is rapidly converted into its active metabolite (MTIC). However, its pharmacological activity is reduced due MTIC low bioavailability in the brain. Since drugs' permeability through biological barriers and tumor cell membranes affects its bioavailability, the ability of MTIC to interact with the biological membranes presents a major contribution on its pharmacological properties and activity. Biomembrane models mimic the physiological conditions, allowing to predict the drug's behavior at biological membranes and its effects on drug biodistribution profiles. In this work, lipid bilayer models using liposomes were applied for the drug-membrane interaction studies. The zwitterionic phospholipid, 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC), and cholesterol were chosen for the composition of the model, since they represent the major components of the membranes of GBM cells and brain capillary endothelial cell. Thus, the molecular interactions between MTIC and these models were studied by the evaluation of the partition of the drug into the phospholipid's membrane, its location within the bilayer and its effect on the fluidity of the membrane. The attained results suggest that the composition of membranes affects drugs partition, showing that drug biodistribution depends not only on its physicochemical features, but also depends on the characteristics of the membrane such as the packing of the lipid molecules. Also, MTIC exhibited low affinity to biological membranes, explaining its low bioavailability on the target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Ramalho
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Stéphanie Andrade
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Manuel Álvaro Neto Coelho
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Angélica Loureiro
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria Carmo Pereira
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
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Andrade S, Ramalho MJ, Pereira MDC, Loureiro JA. Resveratrol Brain Delivery for Neurological Disorders Prevention and Treatment. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1261. [PMID: 30524273 PMCID: PMC6262174 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RES) is a natural polyphenolic non-flavonoid compound present in grapes, mulberries, peanuts, rhubarb and in several other plants. Numerous health effects have been related with its intake, such as anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory and brain protective effects. The neuroprotective effects of RES in neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) diseases, are related to the protection of neurons against oxidative damage and toxicity, and to the prevention of apoptotic neuronal death. In brain cancer, RES induces cell apoptotic death and inhibits angiogenesis and tumor invasion. Despite its great potential as therapeutic agent for the treatment of several diseases, RES exhibits some limitations. It has poor water solubility and it is chemically instable, being degraded by isomerization once exposed to high temperatures, pH changes, UV light, or certain types of enzymes. Thus, RES has low bioavailability, limiting its biological and pharmacological benefits. To overcome these limitations, RES can be delivered by nanocarriers. This field of nanomedicine studies how the drug administration, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics are affected by the use of nanosized materials. The role of nanotechnology, in the prevention and treatment of neurological diseases, arises from the necessity to mask the physicochemical properties of therapeutic drugs to prolong the half-life and to be able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This can be achieved by encapsulating the drug in a nanoparticle (NP), which can be made of different kinds of materials. An increasing trend to encapsulate and direct RES to the brain has been observed. RES has been encapsulated in many different types of nanosystems, as liposomes, lipid and polymeric NPs. Furthermore, some of these nanocarriers have been modified with targeting molecules able to recognize the brain areas. Then, this article aims to overview the RES benefits and limitations in the treatment of neurological diseases, as the different nanotechnology strategies to overcome these limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Joana A. Loureiro
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Nicolas S, Bolzinger MA, Jordheim LP, Chevalier Y, Fessi H, Almouazen E. Polymeric nanocapsules as drug carriers for sustained anticancer activity of calcitriol in breast cancer cells. Int J Pharm 2018; 550:170-179. [PMID: 30118832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Clinical use of calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) as an anticancer agent is currently limited by the requirement of supraphysiological doses and associated hypercalcemia. Nanoencapsulation of calcitriol is a strategy to overcome these drawbacks, allowing reduced administrated doses and/or frequency, while retaining the therapeutic activity towards cancer cells. For this purpose, we investigated the impact of calcitriol encapsulation on its antiproliferative activity and optimized formulation parameters with that respect. Calcitriol-loaded polymeric nanoparticles with different polymer:oil ratios were prepared by the nanoprecipitation method. Nanoparticles had similar mean size (200 nm) and EE (85%) whereas their release profile strongly depended on formulation parameters. Antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities of formulated calcitriol were evaluated in vitro using human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7) and showed that calcitriol-induced cell growth inhibition was closely related to its release kinetics. For the most suitable formulation, a sustained cell growth inhibition was observed over 10 days compared to free form. Advantages of calcitriol encapsulation and the role of formulation parameters on its biological activity in vitro were demonstrated. Selected nanoparticle formulation is a promising calcitriol delivery system ensuring a prolonged anticancer activity that could improve its therapeutic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Nicolas
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEP UMR 5007, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Marie-Alexandrine Bolzinger
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEP UMR 5007, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Lars Petter Jordheim
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Yves Chevalier
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEP UMR 5007, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Hatem Fessi
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEP UMR 5007, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Eyad Almouazen
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEP UMR 5007, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
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Receptor-mediated PLGA nanoparticles for glioblastoma multiforme treatment. Int J Pharm 2018; 545:84-92. [PMID: 29715532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most lethal type of brain tumor and the established therapy only extends patients survival to approximately one year. Its first-line treatment is based on of chemotherapy with the alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ). As many other chemotherapeutic drugs, TMZ presents several limitations as high toxicity and low bioavailability. The delivery of TMZ using poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles is proposed in this work. Stable nanoparticles functionalized with a OX26 type monoclonal antibody for transferrin receptor were developed, targeting the glioblastoma tumor cells, since these cells are known for overexpressing this receptor. The release profile of TMZ from the nanoparticles was studied mimicking physiological conditions, and targeted cellular internalization was also investigated. Two glioblastoma cell lines - U215 and U87 - were used to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of the drug, showing that the prepared nanocarriers enhance the anticancer activity of TMZ. The functionalization with the monoclonal antibody for transferrin receptor proved to be advantageous in enhancing the cellular internalization in glioblastoma cells.
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Amanullah A, Upadhyay A, Joshi V, Mishra R, Jana NR, Mishra A. Progressing neurobiological strategies against proteostasis failure: Challenges in neurodegeneration. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 159:1-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Sabzichi M, Mohammadian J, Mohammadi M, Jahanfar F, Movassagh Pour AA, Hamishehkar H, Ostad-Rahimi A. Vitamin D-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC): A New Strategy for Enhancing Efficacy of Doxorubicin in Breast Cancer Treatment. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:840-848. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1339820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sabzichi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jamal Mohammadian
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Mohammadi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Jahanfar
- Hematology Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Hamishehkar
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Vora L, V G S, Vavia P. Zero order controlled release delivery of cholecalciferol from injectable biodegradable microsphere: In-vitro characterization and in-vivo pharmacokinetic studies. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017. [PMID: 28629804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres loaded with cholecalciferol (CL), more bioactive form of vitamin D was developed as an injectable controlled drug release system and was evaluated for its feasibility of once a month delivery. The CL loaded microspheres (CL-MS) were prepared by simple oil in water (O/W) emulsion-solvent evaporation technique incorporated with a stabilizer, Tocopherol Succinate (TS). Different formulation as well as process parameters were investigated namely concentration of emulsifier, concentration of stabilizer and drug: polymer mass ratios. The prepared CL-MS were evaluated for particle size, drug loading, in-vitro drug release and in-vivo pharmacokinetics in rats. The optimized formulation was found to have a mean particle size of 28.62±0.26μm, Encapsulation Efficiency (EE) of 94.4±5.4% and drug loading of 5.19±0.29% with CL:TS ratio of 2:1. It was found that the EE drastically decreased (26±5.9%) in the absence of stabilizer (TS) indicating its role in stabilization of CL during formulation. DSC and XRD studies indicated that CL existed in an amorphous structure in the polymer matrix. SEM of the CL-MS revealed the spherical morphology and confirmed the particle size. In-vitro release showed that the CL release from CL-MS followed near zero-order drug release kinetics over nearly 1month. In-vivo pharmacokinetic study of CL-MS showed higher t1/2 (239±27.5h) compared to oily CL depot (32.7±4.8h) with sustained release of CL plasma concentration for 1month. The labile CL could thus be effectively encapsulated and protected against degradation during microspheres formulation, storage and release in presence of stabilizer. This novel CL loaded PLGA MS is stable and may have great potential for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Vora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, University Under Section 3 of UGC Act - 1956, Elite Status and Center of Excellence, Govt. of Maharashtra, Mumbai 400 019, India
| | - Sita V G
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, University Under Section 3 of UGC Act - 1956, Elite Status and Center of Excellence, Govt. of Maharashtra, Mumbai 400 019, India
| | - Pradeep Vavia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, University Under Section 3 of UGC Act - 1956, Elite Status and Center of Excellence, Govt. of Maharashtra, Mumbai 400 019, India.
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Production by spray chilling and characterization of solid lipid microparticles loaded with vitamin D 3. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Nanocapsules with Polyelectrolyte Shell as a Platform for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 Neuroprotection: Study in Organotypic Hippocampal Slices. Neurotox Res 2016; 30:581-592. [PMID: 27422380 PMCID: PMC5047951 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-016-9652-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), an active metabolite of vitamin D3, besides the role in calcium and phosphorus metabolism, plays a role in maintaining the functions of the brain. Active forms of vitamin D3 stimulate neurotrophic factors’ expression, regulate brain immune processes, and prevent neuronal damage. Therefore, a potential utility of vitamin D3 in a therapy of neurodegenerative disorders should be taken into account. On the other hand, systemic vitamin D3 treatment carries the risk of undesirable effects, e.g., hypercalcemia. Thus, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 targeting delivery by nanoparticles would be a tremendous advancement in treatment of brain disorders. Calcitriol was enclosed in emulsion-templated nanocapsules with different polymeric shells: PLL (Poly(l-lysine hydrobromide)), PLL/PGA (/Poly(l-glutamic acid)), and PLL/PGA-g-PEG (Poly(l-glutamic acid) grafted with polyethylene glycol). The average size of all synthesized nanocapsules ranged from −80 to −100 nm. Biocompatibilities of synthesized nanocarriers were examined in hippocampal organotypic cultures in basal conditions and after treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) using various biochemical tests. We demonstrated that nanocapsules coated with PLL were toxic, while PLL/PGA- and PLL/PGA-g-PEG-covered ones were nontoxic and used for further experiments. Our study demonstrated that in LPS-treated hippocampal slices, both types of loaded nanoparticles have protective ability. Our findings underlined that the neuroprotective action of vitamin D3 in both free and nanoparticle forms seems to be related to the suppression of LPS-induced nitric oxide release.
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Supramolecular nanoscale assemblies for cancer diagnosis and therapy. J Control Release 2015; 213:152-167. [PMID: 26160308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanocarriers based on polymers, metals and lipids have been extensively developed for cancer therapy and diagnosis due to their ability to enhance drug accumulation in cancer cells and decrease undesired drug toxicity in healthy tissues. Overcoming multidrug resistance by designing proper drug nanocarriers will improve outcome of existing oncologic treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In this article the relation between physicochemical properties and capacity of a nanosystem to deliver therapeutic agents into pathological sites is discussed. Most promising examples of drug delivery systems are reviewed, and, in particular, the design of a carbohydrate based matrix with entrapped gold nanoparticles is highlighted.
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