1
|
Atunnise AK, Bodede O, Adewuyi A, Maharaj V, Prinsloo G, Salau BA. Metabolomics and in-vitro bioactivities studies of fermented Musa paradisiaca pulp: A potential alpha-amylase inhibitor. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24659. [PMID: 38317983 PMCID: PMC10839803 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The in-vitro synthesis of bio-compounds via fermentation is a promising route for bioactive molecules intended for disease control and management. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of fermentation on the antioxidants, antihyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory properties and the resultant chemometric phytochemical profiles of unripe plantain fruits. The results revealed that Escherichia coli and Propionibacterium spp. are suspected as the key fermenters. The E coli showed negative results to the pathogenicity test; Propionibacterium appeared to be opportunistic. A significant increase in the total polyphenols and protein and decreased flavonoids was recorded in the phytochemical profile of the methanolic extract of the fermented unripe plantain pulp; however, the ascorbic acid content was not significantly altered. The 1H NMR fingerprint showed that there is a closely related chemical shift among the shorter fermentation time (days 2-6) and the unfermented, while the more extended fermentation periods (days 7-12) with enhanced bioactivities were closely related based on the chemometrics analyses. Furthermore, the UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis annotated the presence of bioactive compounds in the day-9 fermented sample: polyhydroxy glucose conjugates (3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl 6-O-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside), short chain peptide (leucyl-glycyl-glycine), amino acid derivatives (4-Aminophenylalanine, and N-Acetylhistidine), linear and cyclic fatty acid derivatives (palmitoyl putrescine, ricinoleic acid, phytosphingosine, gabalid, rubrenoic acid, 2-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic and cystodienioc acid). The synergistic effect of these newly formed compounds and the increase in the phenolic content of the day-9 fermented unripe plantain may account for its more potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antihyperglycemic activity. Therefore, the products obtained from the day 9 fermentation of unripe plantain pulp may serve as potential nutraceutical agents against gastro-enteric sugar digestion and absorption and sugar-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and metabolic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Olusola Bodede
- Biodiscovery Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Florida, 1710, South Africa
- Antimicrobial Discovery Center, Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adewale Adewuyi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Osun state, Nigeria
| | - Vinesh Maharaj
- Biodiscovery Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Gerhard Prinsloo
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Florida, 1710, South Africa
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jayawickreme K, Świstak D, Ozimek E, Reszczyńska E, Rysiak A, Makuch-Kocka A, Hanaka A. Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids-Pros and Cons for Pharmaceutical and Medical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16972. [PMID: 38069294 PMCID: PMC10706944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterocyclic organic compounds named pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) belong to a group of alkaloids and are synthesized by either plants or microorganisms. Therefore, they are naturally occurring secondary metabolites. They are found in species applied in the pharmaceutical and food industries, thus a thorough knowledge of their pharmacological properties and toxicology to humans is of great importance for their further safe employment. This review is original because it synthesizes knowledge of plant and microbial PAs, which is unusual in the scientific literature. We have focused on the Boraginaceae family, which is unique due to the exceptional richness and diversity of its PAs in plant species. We have also presented the microbial sources of PAs, both from fungi and bacteria. The structure and metabolism of PAs have been discussed. Our main aim was to summarize the effects of PAs on humans, including both negative, toxic ones, mainly concerning hepatotoxicity and carcinogenicity, as well as potentially positive ones for pharmacological and medical applications. We have collected the results of studies on the anticancer activity of PAs from plant and microbial sources (mainly Streptomyces strains) and on the antimicrobial activity of PAs on different strains of microorganisms (bacteria and fungi). Finally, we have suggested potential applications and future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kavindi Jayawickreme
- Student Scientific Club of Phytochemists, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Dawid Świstak
- Student Scientific Club of Phytochemists, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Ozimek
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Emilia Reszczyńska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki St. 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Rysiak
- Department of Botany, Mycology, and Ecology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Makuch-Kocka
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska St. 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Hanaka
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ernst S, Volkov AN, Stark M, Hölscher L, Steinert K, Fetzner S, Hennecke U, Drees SL. Azetidomonamide and Diazetidomonapyridone Metabolites Control Biofilm Formation and Pigment Synthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7676-7685. [PMID: 35451837 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of azetidine-derived natural products by the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is controlled by quorum sensing, a process involving the production and sensing of diffusible signal molecules that is decisive for virulence regulation. In this study, we engineered P. aeruginosa for the titratable expression of the biosynthetic aze gene cluster, which allowed the purification and identification of two new products, azetidomonamide C and diazetidomonapyridone. Diazetidomonapyridone was shown to have a highly unusual structure with two azetidine rings and an open-chain diimide moiety. Expression of aze genes strongly increased biofilm formation and production of phenazine and alkyl quinolone virulence factors. Further physiological studies revealed that all effects were mainly mediated by azetidomonamide A and diazetidomonapyridone, whereas azetidomonamides B and C had little or no phenotypic impact. The P450 monooxygenase AzeF which catalyzes a challenging, stereoselective hydroxylation of the azetidine ring converting azetidomonamide C into azetidomonamide A is therefore crucial for biological activity. Based on our findings, we propose this group of metabolites to constitute a new class of diffusible regulatory molecules with community-related effects in P. aeruginosa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ernst
- Institute for Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 3, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Alexander N Volkov
- VIB Centre for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Pleinlaan 2, Brussels 1050, Belgium.,Jean Jeener NMR Centre, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, Brussels 1050 Belgium
| | - Melina Stark
- Institute for Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 3, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Lea Hölscher
- Institute for Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 3, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Katharina Steinert
- Institute for Food Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 45, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Susanne Fetzner
- Institute for Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 3, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Ulrich Hennecke
- Organic Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Steffen Lorenz Drees
- Institute for Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 3, Münster 48149, Germany
| |
Collapse
|