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Némethová V, Krištofíková D, Mečiarová M, Šebesta R. Asymmetric Organocatalysis Under Mechanochemical Conditions. CHEM REC 2023:e202200283. [PMID: 36703542 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric organocatalysis is a robust methodology providing access to numerous valuable compounds while having green chemistry principles in mind. The realization of organocatalytic transformation under solvent-free mechanochemical conditions brings additional benefits in terms of yields, selectivities, and, last but not least overall improved sustainability. This overview describes developments in the use of mechanochemistry as a vehicle for asymmetric organocatalytic transformations. The material is organized according to main catalytic activation modes, starting with covalent activation and proceeding to non-covalent activation modes. The advantages of mechanochemical organocatalytic reactions are particularly highlighted, but in some cases also, limitations are mentioned. Possibilities for target compound synthesis are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktória Némethová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dominika Krištofíková
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Mečiarová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Radovan Šebesta
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
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2
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Kaya C, Birgül K, Bülbül B. Fundamentals of chirality, resolution, and enantiopure molecule synthesis methods. Chirality 2023; 35:4-28. [PMID: 36366874 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The chirality of molecules is a concept that explains the interactions in nature. We may observe the same formula but different organizations revolving around the chiral center. Since Pasteur's meticulous observation of sodium ammonium tartrate crystals' structure, scientists have discovered many features of chiral molecules. The number of newly approved single enantiomeric drugs increases every year and takes place in the market. Thus, separation or resolution methods of racemic mixtures are of continued importance in the efficacy of drugs, installation of affordable production processes, and convenient synthetic chemistry practice. This article presents the asymmetric synthesis approaches and the classification of direct resolution methods of chiral molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cem Kaya
- Department of Pharmacy, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Altınbaş University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Kaan Birgül
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Bahçeşehir University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahadır Bülbül
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey
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3
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Roy P, Krishna AV, Ramachary DB. Direct Organocatalytic Reductive Alkylation of Syncarpic Acid: Scope and Applications. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16026-16038. [PMID: 36367306 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Biologically important 4-alkylsyncarpic acids, which resemble the core structure of many natural products, were synthesized in one-pot through the organocatalytic three-component reductive alkylation with excellent yields and C-selectivity. Synthetic applications of 4-alkylsyncarpic acids were demonstrated by converting into the functionally rich molecules through different reactions like Michael, retro-Michael, reduction, and oxidation reactions. In a continuation, formal total synthesis of (±)-triumphalone, (±)-isotriumphalone, and monomeric phloroglucinol derivatives was reported in a few steps starting from 4-alkylsyncarpic acids in overall very good yields. Further showcasing the importance of C-alkylated products, 4-benzylsyncarpic acid and its Michael adduct with methyl vinyl ketone were synthesized in a gram scale without compromising rate/yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Roy
- Catalysis Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Anugam V Krishna
- Catalysis Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
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4
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Lorenzetto T, Frigatti D, Fabris F, Scarso A. Nanoconfinement Effects of Micellar Media in Asymmetric Catalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Lorenzetto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi Università Ca' Foscari Venezia Via Torino 155 30172 Venezia Mestre Italy
| | - Davide Frigatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi Università Ca' Foscari Venezia Via Torino 155 30172 Venezia Mestre Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fabris
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi Università Ca' Foscari Venezia Via Torino 155 30172 Venezia Mestre Italy
| | - Alessandro Scarso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi Università Ca' Foscari Venezia Via Torino 155 30172 Venezia Mestre Italy
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Peňaška T, Modrocká V, Stankovianska K, Mečiarová M, Rakovský E, Šebesta R. Organocatalytic Diastereodivergent Enantioselective Formal oxa-Diels-Alder Reaction of Unsaturated Ketones with Enoates Under Liquid-Assisted Grinding Conditions. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200028. [PMID: 35146952 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chiral heterocycles occur in many compounds of interest, but their efficient synthesis is challenging. This study concerns the enantioselective and diastereoselective synthesis of densely substituted chiral pyran derivatives. Diastereodivergence of the oxa-Diels-Alder reaction is achieved by using either a bifunctional amino-thiourea or a monofunctional quinine organocatalyst under ball-milling conditions. Liquid-assisted grinding proves a highly efficient means of affording pyrans in high yield, with high enantiomeric purities and short reaction times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Peňaška
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Viktória Modrocká
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Klára Stankovianska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Mečiarová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Erik Rakovský
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Radovan Šebesta
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
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6
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Banerjee M, Panjikar PC, Das D, Iyer S, Bhosle AA, Chatterjee A. Grindstone chemistry: A “green” approach for the synthesis and derivatization of heterocycles. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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7
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Kolcsár VJ, Szőllősi G. Ru-catalyzed mechanochemical asymmetric transfer hydrogenations in aqueous media using chitosan as chirality source. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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8
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Williams MTJ, Morrill LC, Browne DL. Mechanochemical Organocatalysis: Do High Enantioselectivities Contradict What We Might Expect? CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102157. [PMID: 34767693 PMCID: PMC9300213 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Ball mills input energy to samples by pulverising the contents of the jar. Each impact on the sample or wall of the jar results in an instantaneous transmission of energy in the form of a temperature and pressure increase (volume reduction). Conversely, enantioselective organocatalytic reactions proceed through perceived delicate and well-organised transition states. Does there exist a dichotomy in the idea of enantioselective mechanochemical organocatalysis? This Review provides a survey of the literature reporting the combination of organocatalytic reactions with mechanochemical ball milling conditions. Where possible, direct comparisons of stirred in solution, stirred neat and ball milled processes are drawn with a particular focus on control of stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T. J. Williams
- Cardiff Catalysis InstituteSchool of ChemistryCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Louis C. Morrill
- Cardiff Catalysis InstituteSchool of ChemistryCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Duncan L. Browne
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological ChemistrySchool of PharmacyUniversity College London29–39 Brunswick Square, BloomsburyLondonWC1N 1AXUK
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9
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Horizons in Asymmetric Organocatalysis: En Route to the Sustainability and New Applications. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the development of new enantioselective processes is highly relevant in chemistry due to the relevance of chiral compounds in biomedicine (mainly drugs) and in other fields, such as agrochemistry, animal feed, and flavorings. Among them, organocatalytic methods have become an efficient and sustainable alternative since List and MacMillan pioneering contributions were published in 2000. These works established the term asymmetric organocatalysis to label this area of research, which has grown exponentially over the last two decades. Since then, the scientific community has attended to the discovery of a plethora of organic reactions and transformations carried out with excellent results in terms of both reactivity and enantioselectivity. Looking back to earlier times, we can find in the literature a few examples where small organic molecules and some natural products could act as effective catalysts. However, with the birth of this type of catalysis, new chemical architectures based on amines, thioureas, squaramides, cinchona alkaloids, quaternary ammonium salts, carbenes, guanidines and phosphoric acids, among many others, have been developed. These organocatalysts have provided a broad range of activation modes that allow privileged interactions between catalysts and substrates for the preparation of compounds with high added value in an enantioselective way. Here, we briefly cover the history of this chemistry, from our point of view, including our beginnings, how the field has evolved during these years of research, and the road ahead.
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André V, Duarte MT, Gomes CSB, Sarraguça MC. Mechanochemistry in Portugal-A Step towards Sustainable Chemical Synthesis. Molecules 2021; 27:241. [PMID: 35011471 PMCID: PMC8746420 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In Portugal, publications with mechanochemical methods date back to 2009, with the report on mechanochemical strategies for the synthesis of metallopharmaceuticals. Since then, mechanochemical applications have grown in Portugal, spanning several fields, mainly crystal engineering and supramolecular chemistry, catalysis, and organic and inorganic chemistry. The area with the most increased development is the synthesis of multicomponent crystal forms, with several groups synthesizing solvates, salts, and cocrystals in which the main objective was to improve physical properties of the active pharmaceutical ingredients. Recently, non-crystalline materials, such as ionic liquids and amorphous solid dispersions, have also been studied using mechanochemical methods. An area that is in expansion is the use of mechanochemical synthesis of bioinspired metal-organic frameworks with an emphasis in antibiotic coordination frameworks. The use of mechanochemistry for catalysis and organic and inorganic synthesis has also grown due to the synthetic advantages, ease of synthesis, scalability, sustainability, and, in the majority of cases, the superior properties of the synthesized materials. It can be easily concluded that mechanochemistry is expanding in Portugal in diverse research areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vânia André
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associação do Instituto Superior Técnico para a Investigação e Desenvolvimento (IST-ID), Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M. Teresa Duarte
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Clara S. B. Gomes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Mafalda C. Sarraguça
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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11
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Kolcsár VJ, Szőllősi G. Mechanochemical, Water‐Assisted Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones Using Ruthenium Catalyst. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202101501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - György Szőllősi
- Stereochemistry Research Group Eötvös Loránd Research Network University of Szeged 6720 Szeged, Eötvös utca 6 Hungary
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12
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Poláčková V, Krištofíková D, Némethová B, Górová R, Mečiarová M, Šebesta R. N-Sulfinylpyrrolidine-containing ureas and thioureas as bifunctional organocatalysts. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2629-2641. [PMID: 34795800 PMCID: PMC8561142 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of bifunctional N-sulfinylureas and thioureas with an appended pyrrolidine unit is presented. These organocatalysts were evaluated in Michael additions of aldehydes to nitroalkenes both under solvent-free conditions and in solution. The N-sulfinylurea catalyst was more efficient than the corresponding thiourea. For some substrates, enantioselectivities reached 98% ee. The stereogenic center on the sulfur did not have a considerable influence on the catalytic reactions. Under ball-milling conditions, the Michael adducts were obtained in good yields but with slightly lower enantiomeric purities than in solution. DFT calculations elucidated its mode of action and confirmed a dual activation mode, which combines enamine activation of aldehydes and hydrogen-bond activation of nitroalkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viera Poláčková
- Department of Organic Chemistry,Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dominika Krištofíková
- Department of Organic Chemistry,Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Boglárka Némethová
- Department of Organic Chemistry,Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Renata Górová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Mečiarová
- Department of Organic Chemistry,Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Radovan Šebesta
- Department of Organic Chemistry,Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Antenucci A, Dughera S, Renzi P. Green Chemistry Meets Asymmetric Organocatalysis: A Critical Overview on Catalysts Synthesis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:2785-2853. [PMID: 33984187 PMCID: PMC8362219 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Can green chemistry be the right reading key to let organocatalyst design take a step forward towards sustainable catalysis? What if the intriguing chemistry promoted by more engineered organocatalysts was carried on by using renewable and naturally occurring molecular scaffolds, or at least synthetic catalysts more respectful towards the principles of green chemistry? Within the frame of these questions, this Review will tackle the most commonly occurring organic chiral catalysts from the perspective of their synthesis rather than their employment in chemical methodologies or processes. A classification of the catalyst scaffolds based on their E factor will be provided, and the global E factor (EG factor) will be proposed as a new green chemistry metric to consider, also, the synthetic route to the catalyst within a given organocatalytic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achille Antenucci
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of TurinVia Pietro Giuria, 710125TurinItaly
- NIS Interdeprtmental CentreINSTM Reference CentreUniversity of TurinVia Gioacchino Quarello 15/A10135TurinItaly
| | - Stefano Dughera
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of TurinVia Pietro Giuria, 710125TurinItaly
| | - Polyssena Renzi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of TurinVia Pietro Giuria, 710125TurinItaly
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14
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Juaristi E. Recent developments in next generation (S)-proline-derived chiral organocatalysts. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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15
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Wong J, Yeung YY. Solvent and catalyst-free bromofunctionalization of olefins using a mechanochemical approach. RSC Adv 2021; 11:13564-13570. [PMID: 35423890 PMCID: PMC8697521 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01816g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bromofunctionalizations of olefins are an important class of chemical transformations. N-Bromoimide reagents are commonly used in these reactions but catalysts and chlorinated solvents are often employed to achieve a reasonable reaction rate. In this report, we present a solvent and catalyst-free bromofunctionalization of olefins using mechanical force. Efficient bromofunctionalization of olefins including bromolactonization, bromocycloetherification, and intermolecular bromoesterification were achieved under solvent and catalyst-free conditions using a mechanochemical approach.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Wong
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, NT Hong Kong China
| | - Ying-Yeung Yeung
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, NT Hong Kong China
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16
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Fiss BG, Richard AJ, Friščić T, Moores A. Mechanochemistry for sustainable and efficient dehydrogenation/hydrogenation. CAN J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2020-0408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions are one of the pillars of the chemical industry, with applications from bulk chemicals to pharmaceuticals manufacturing. The ability to selectively add hydrogen across double and (or) triple bonds is key in the chemist’s toolbox and the enabling component in the development of sustainable processes. Traditional solution-based approaches to these reactions are tainted by significant consumption of energy and production of solvent waste. This review highlights the development and applications of recently emerged solvent-free approaches to conduct the hydrogenation of organic molecules using mechanochemistry, i.e., chemical transformations induced or sustained by mechanical force. In particular, we will show mechanochemical techniques such as ball-milling enabled catalytic or stoichiometric metal-mediated hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions that are simple, fast, and conducted under significantly milder conditions compared with traditional solution routes. Importantly, we highlight the current challenges and opportunities in this field, while also identifying exciting cases in which mechanochemical hydrogenation strategies lead to new, unique targets and reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaine G. Fiss
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Austin J. Richard
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Audrey Moores
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
- Department of Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montréal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada
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17
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Zorba LP, Vougioukalakis GC. The Ketone-Amine-Alkyne (KA2) coupling reaction: Transition metal-catalyzed synthesis of quaternary propargylamines. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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18
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Jiang Z, Toffano M, Vo‐Thanh G, Bournaud C. Bifunctional N‐Heterocylic Carbene‐Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective Trans‐Cyclopentannulation of Enals and Enones via Homoenolate. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Jiang
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris-Saclay Rue du doyen Georges Poitou 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Martial Toffano
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris-Saclay Rue du doyen Georges Poitou 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Giang Vo‐Thanh
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris-Saclay Rue du doyen Georges Poitou 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Chloée Bournaud
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris-Saclay Rue du doyen Georges Poitou 91405 Orsay Cedex France
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19
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Sánchez-Antonio O, Romero-Sedglach KA, Vázquez-Orta EC, Juaristi E. New Mesoporous Silica-Supported Organocatalysts Based on (2S)-(1,2,4-Triazol-3-yl)-Proline: Efficient, Reusable, and Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Asymmetric Aldol Reaction. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194532. [PMID: 33022926 PMCID: PMC7583865 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel organocatalytic systems based on the recently developed (S)-proline derivative (2S)-[5-(benzylthio)-4-phenyl-(1,2,4-triazol)-3-yl]-pyrrolidine supported on mesoporous silica were prepared and their efficiency was assessed in the asymmetric aldol reaction. These materials were fully characterized by FT-IR, MS, XRD, and SEM microscopy, gathering relevant information regarding composition, morphology, and organocatalyst distribution in the doped silica. Careful optimization of the reaction conditions required for their application as catalysts in asymmetric aldol reactions between ketones and aldehydes afforded the anticipated aldol products with excellent yields and moderate diastereo- and enantioselectivities. The recommended experimental protocol is simple, fast, and efficient providing the enantioenriched aldol product, usually without the need of a special work-up or purification protocol. This approach constitutes a remarkable improvement in the field of heterogeneous (S)-proline-based organocatalysis; in particular, the solid-phase silica-bonded catalytic systems described herein allow for a substantial reduction in solvent usage. Furthermore, the supported system described here can be recovered, reactivated, and reused several times with limited loss in catalytic efficiency relative to freshly synthesized organocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Sánchez-Antonio
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Avenida IPN # 2508, 07360 Ciudad de México, Mexico; (O.S.-A.); (K.A.R.-S.); (E.C.V.-O.)
| | - Kevin A. Romero-Sedglach
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Avenida IPN # 2508, 07360 Ciudad de México, Mexico; (O.S.-A.); (K.A.R.-S.); (E.C.V.-O.)
| | - Erika C. Vázquez-Orta
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Avenida IPN # 2508, 07360 Ciudad de México, Mexico; (O.S.-A.); (K.A.R.-S.); (E.C.V.-O.)
| | - Eusebio Juaristi
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Avenida IPN # 2508, 07360 Ciudad de México, Mexico; (O.S.-A.); (K.A.R.-S.); (E.C.V.-O.)
- El Colegio Nacional, Luis González Obregón # 23, Centro Histórico, 06020 Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Correspondence: or
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20
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Sahoo BM, V. Ravi Kumar BV, Banik BK, Borah P. Green Efficient Synthesis of Oxadiazole Derivatives as Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Agents. CURRENT GREEN CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2213346107999200427080057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) act as a major class of therapeutic agents.
The biological activity of NSAIDs is due to the suppression of prostaglandin biosynthesis by inhibiting
cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme. COX is an endogenous enzyme, which catalyzes the conversion
of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. But the significant side effect by NSAIDs is the formation of
gastric ulcers, irritation and GI bleeding. Therefore, alternative drugs that can overcome these limitations
are necessary. Towards the goal, oxadiazole derivatives are designed and synthesized following
a green chemistry approach. This method helps to reduce environmental pollution and the formation
of by-products so that the yield of products is increased in less reaction time. It is observed that the anti-
inflammatory activity of oxadiazoles is based on dual mechanisms, such as the inhibition of both
COX and LOX (lipoxygenase) enzyme thereby reducing gastric ulceration. On this basis, research is
carried out to develop efficient anti-inflammatory agents with minimal side effects by incorporating
the oxadiazole moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswa M. Sahoo
- Roland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Berhampur-760010, Odisha, India
| | | | - Bimal K. Banik
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, College of Sciences and Human Studies, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Schnitzer T, Wennemers H. Deactivation of Secondary Amine Catalysts via Aldol Reaction-Amine Catalysis under Solvent-Free Conditions. J Org Chem 2020; 85:7633-7640. [PMID: 32329616 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite intense interest in amine-catalyzed stereoselective reactions, high catalyst loadings of ≥10 mol % are still common and either due to low reactivity or catalyst deactivation. Yet, few deactivation pathways are well understood. Here, we unraveled the deactivation of secondary amines by undesired aldol reaction. Mechanistic studies with peptide and prolinol silyl ether catalysts showed the generality of this so-far underappreciated catalyst deactivation pathway. The insights enabled conjugate addition reactions between aldehydes and nitroolefins on a multigram scale in the absence of solvent-conditions that are attractive as environmentally benign processes-with excellent product yields and stereoselectivities in the presence of as little as 0.1 mol % of a chemoselective peptidic catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Schnitzer
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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22
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Krištofíková D, Modrocká V, Mečiarová M, Šebesta R. Green Asymmetric Organocatalysis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2828-2858. [PMID: 32141177 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric organocatalysis is becoming one of the main tools for the synthesis of chiral compounds that are needed as medicines, crop protection agents, and other bioactive molecules. It can be effectively combined with various green chemistry methodologies. Intensification techniques, such as ball milling, flow, high pressure, or light, bring not only higher yields, faster reactions, and easier product isolation, but also new reactivities. More sustainable reaction media, such as ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents, green solvent alternatives, and water, also considerably enhance the sustainability profile of many organocatalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Krištofíková
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Viktória Modrocká
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Mečiarová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Radovan Šebesta
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
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23
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Nicholson WI, Seastram AC, Iqbal SA, Reed‐Berendt BG, Morrill LC, Browne DL. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Acyl Anion Organocatalysis by Ball-Milling. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:131-135. [PMID: 31774627 PMCID: PMC6972762 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201902346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The ability to conduct N-heterocyclic carbene-catalysed acyl anion chemistry under ball-milling conditions is reported for the first time. This process has been exemplified through applications to intermolecular-benzoin, intramolecular-benzoin, intermolecular-Stetter and intramolecular-Stetter reactions including asymmetric examples and demonstrates that this mode of mechanistically complex organocatalytic reaction can operate under solvent-minimised conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- William I. Nicholson
- Cardiff Catalysis InstituteSchool of ChemistryCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUnited Kingdom
| | - Alex C. Seastram
- Cardiff Catalysis InstituteSchool of ChemistryCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUnited Kingdom
| | - Saqib A. Iqbal
- Cardiff Catalysis InstituteSchool of ChemistryCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUnited Kingdom
| | - Benjamin G. Reed‐Berendt
- Cardiff Catalysis InstituteSchool of ChemistryCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUnited Kingdom
| | - Louis C. Morrill
- Cardiff Catalysis InstituteSchool of ChemistryCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUnited Kingdom
| | - Duncan L. Browne
- Cardiff Catalysis InstituteSchool of ChemistryCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUnited Kingdom
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24
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Synthesis of novel isoindolone derivatives via cascade reactions. Contrasting diastereoselectivity under solution-phase vis-a-vis solvent-free ball-milling reaction conditions. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.130594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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25
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Xie X, Xiang L, Peng C, Han B. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Spiropyrazolones and their Application in Medicinal Chemistry. CHEM REC 2019; 19:2209-2235. [PMID: 30821425 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Chiral spiropyrazolones are unique frameworks widely found in a large family of medicinally relevant compounds with various biological activities. Substantial research efforts have been invested toward stereoselectively by constructing spiro-cyclic structures. Over the past years, remarkable progress has been made in the organo- and metal-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of spiropyrazolones through the utilization of accessible simple pyrazolone derivatives as raw materials. This review is organized according to the size of the spiro-ring fused at the 4-position of the pyrazolone framework. In the last part, the bio-evaluations of chiral spiropyrazolones for drug discovery are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xie
- College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resource, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resource, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Han
- College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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26
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Abstract
In this study, a set of enantiomerically pure aziridines bearing a phosphine oxide moiety were prepared in high yields and tested as chiral catalysts in the direct asymmetric Mannich reaction of hydroxyacetone, an amine (p-anisidine), and various aromatic aldehydes. The appropriate Mannich adducts were formed in chemical yields from moderate to good with a high level of enantio- and diastereoselectivity. The best results were obtained using the catalysts bearing a free NH-aziridine subunit.
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27
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Lamour S, Pallmann S, Haas M, Trapp O. Prebiotic Sugar Formation Under Nonaqueous Conditions and Mechanochemical Acceleration. Life (Basel) 2019; 9:life9020052. [PMID: 31226799 PMCID: PMC6617062 DOI: 10.3390/life9020052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Monosaccharides represent one of the major building blocks of life. One of the plausible prebiotic synthesis routes is the formose network, which generates sugars from C1 and C2 carbon sources in basic aqueous solution. We report on the feasibility of the formation of monosaccharides under physical forces simulated in a ball mill starting from formaldehyde, glycolaldehyde, DL-glyceraldehyde as prebiotically available substrates using catalytically active, basic minerals. We investigated the influence of the mechanic energy input on our model system using calcium hydroxide in an oscillatory ball mill. We show that the synthesis of monosaccharides is kinetically accelerated under mechanochemical conditions. The resulting sugar mixture contains monosaccharides with straight and branched carbon chains as well as decomposition products. In comparison to the sugar formation in water, the monosaccharides formed under mechanochemical conditions are more stable and selectively synthesized. Our results imply the possibility of a prebiotic monosaccharide origin in geochemical environments scant or devoid of water promoted by mechanochemical forces such as meteorite impacts or lithospheric activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Lamour
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany.
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Pallmann
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany.
| | - Maren Haas
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany.
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany.
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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28
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Al-Terkawi AA, Scholz G, Prinz C, Emmerling F, Kemnitz E. Ca-, Sr-, and Ba-Coordination polymers based on anthranilic acid via mechanochemistry. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:6513-6521. [PMID: 30994686 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00991d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Ca-, Sr-, and Ba-Based coordination polymers (CPs) were prepared mechanochemically by milling metal-hydroxide samples with anthranilic acid (oABAH). {[Ca(oABA)2(H2O)3]}n (1) consists of one-dimensional polymeric chains that are further connected by a hydrogen-bonding network. {[Sr(oABA)2(H2O)2]·H2O}n (2) is a one-dimensional CP in which water molecules bridge Sr2+ ions and increase the dimensionality by building an extended network. {[Ba(oABA)2(H2O)]}n (3) crystallizes as a two-dimensional CP comprising one bridging water molecule. The cation radii influence the inorganic connectivity and dimensionality of the resulting crystal structures. The crystal structures were refined from powder X-ray diffraction data using the Rietveld method. The local coordination environments were studied via extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements. The compounds were further characterized using comprehensive analytical methods such as elemental analysis, thermal analysis, MAS NMR, imaging, and dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) measurements. Compounds 1, 2, and 3 exhibit small surface areas which decrease further after thermal annealing experiments. All compounds exhibit a phase transformation upon heating, which is only reversible in 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdal-Azim Al-Terkawi
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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29
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He X, Ji Y, Peng C, Han B. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Cyclic Compounds Bearing a Trifluoromethylated Stereogenic Center: Recent Developments. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang‐Hong He
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine ResourcesChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan‐Ling Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine ResourcesChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine ResourcesChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicine, School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine ResourcesChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
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30
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Andersen J, Brunemann J, Mack J. Exploring stable, sub-ambient temperatures in mechanochemistry via a diverse set of enantioselective reactions. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9re00027e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
For mechanochemical reactions there is a fine balance between temperature and frequency. Although temperature is weighted heavily, frequency is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Andersen
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cincinnati
- Cincinnati
- USA
| | - James Brunemann
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cincinnati
- Cincinnati
- USA
| | - James Mack
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cincinnati
- Cincinnati
- USA
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31
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Portada T, Margetić D, Štrukil V. Mechanochemical Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Aromatic Nitro Derivatives. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123163. [PMID: 30513686 PMCID: PMC6321105 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanochemical ball milling catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) of aromatic nitro compounds using readily available and cheap ammonium formate as the hydrogen source is demonstrated as a simple, facile and clean approach for the synthesis of substituted anilines and selected pharmaceutically relevant compounds. The scope of mechanochemical CTH is broad, as the reduction conditions tolerate various functionalities, for example nitro, amino, hydroxy, carbonyl, amide, urea, amino acid and heterocyclic. The presented methodology was also successfully integrated with other types of chemical reactions previously carried out mechanochemically, such as amide bond formation by coupling amines with acyl chlorides or anhydrides and click-type coupling reactions between amines and iso(thio)cyanates. In this way, we showed that active pharmaceutical ingredients Procainamide and Paracetamol could be synthesized from the respective nitro-precursors on milligram and gram scale in excellent isolated yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Portada
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Davor Margetić
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Vjekoslav Štrukil
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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32
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Pérez-Venegas M, Juaristi E. Mechanoenzymatic resolution of racemic chiral amines, a green technique for the synthesis of pharmaceutical building blocks. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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33
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Li X, Guo L, Peng C, Han B. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Cascade Reactions Based on Gamma-Nitro Carbonyl Compound. CHEM REC 2018; 19:394-423. [PMID: 30019511 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The significant advancements in asymmetric organocascade reactions have been accomplished during the past decades, paving the way to the efficient and stereoselective construction of structurally complex scaffolds from simple and readily available starting materials. Nitro-containing cyclic compounds have become a privileged molecular library given their broad and promising activities in various therapeutic areas. In various approaches to build these valuable scaffolds, the utility of γ-nitrocarbonyl intermediates is one of the most efficient approaches due to its high efficiency, reliability and versatility. The strategies and catalyst systems described here highlight recent advances in the enantioselective synthesis of nitro-containing cyclic molecules via organocascade strategies based on γ-nitrocarbonyl intermediates. Various organocatalysts with distinct activation modes have found application in providing these sophisticated compounds. This review is organized according to the types of organocatalyst. These methods are of importance for the construction of complex chiral cyclic frameworks and the design of new pharmaceutical compounds. We believe that compounds based on nitro-containing cyclic skeletons have the potential to provide novel therapeutic agents and useful biological tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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34
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Chen L, Leslie D, Coleman MG, Mack J. Recyclable heterogeneous metal foil-catalyzed cyclopropenation of alkynes and diazoacetates under solvent-free mechanochemical reaction conditions. Chem Sci 2018; 9:4650-4661. [PMID: 29899959 PMCID: PMC5969500 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc00443a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver and copper foil were found to be effective, versatile and selective heterogeneous catalysts for the cyclopropenation of terminal and internal alkynes under mechanochemical reaction conditions.
Silver and copper foil were found to be effective, versatile and selective heterogeneous catalysts for the cyclopropenation of terminal and internal alkynes under mechanochemical reaction conditions. This methodology enables the functionalization of a wide range of terminal or internal alkynes under ambient, aerobic, and solvent-free conditions. Finally, we have demonstrated a unique and versatile one-pot domino Sonogashira-cyclopropenation mechanochemical reaction for the formation of complex cyclopropenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longrui Chen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio 45221-0037 , USA .
| | - Devonna Leslie
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science , Rochester Institute of Technology , Rochester , New York 14623-5604 , USA .
| | - Michael G Coleman
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science , Rochester Institute of Technology , Rochester , New York 14623-5604 , USA .
| | - James Mack
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio 45221-0037 , USA .
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35
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Abstract
This perspective represents a (highly personal) examination of the past, present and future of synthetic organic chemistry. The central thesis posits that the confluence of factors that led to the "Golden Age of Natural Product Synthesis" in the second half of the twentieth century can be traced back to the identification of the therapeutic potential of steroid hormones culminating in the introduction of oral contraceptives. The tremendous benefits of those activities to the development of organic synthesis as a vibrant discipline led to the exponential increase in strategies and methods and the ability to tackle, larger and larger molecules of greater and greater complexity. The existential challenge to the health of organic synthesis is whether a similarly dynamic future can be anticipated and if so, to what end and how. Musings on potential answers to those questions are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott E Denmark
- Roger Adams Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801 (USA)
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36
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Tan D, Loots L, Friščić T. Towards medicinal mechanochemistry: evolution of milling from pharmaceutical solid form screening to the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:7760-81. [PMID: 27185190 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc02015a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This overview highlights the emergent area of mechanochemical reactions for making active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and covers the latest advances in the recently established area of mechanochemical screening and synthesis of pharmaceutical solid forms, specifically polymorphs, cocrystals, salts and salt cocrystals. We also provide an overview of the most recent developments in pharmaceutical uses of mechanochemistry, including real-time reaction monitoring, techniques for polymorph control and approaches for continuous manufacture using twin screw extrusion, and more. Most importantly, we show how the overlap of previously unrelated areas of mechanochemical screening for API solid forms, organic synthesis by milling, and mechanochemical screening for molecular recognition, enables the emergence of a new research discipline in which different aspects of pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry are addressed through mechanochemistry rather than through conventional solution-based routes. The emergence of such medicinal mechanochemistry is likely to have a strong impact on future pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry, as it offers not only access to materials and reactivity that are sometimes difficult or even impossible to access from solution, but can also provide a general answer to the demands of the pharmaceutical industry for cleaner, safer and efficient synthetic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davin Tan
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W, H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada.
| | - Leigh Loots
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W, H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada.
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W, H3A 0B8 Montreal, Canada.
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37
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He XH, Yang L, Ji YL, Zhao Q, Yang MC, Huang W, Peng C, Han B. Chemo- and Stereoselective Cross Rauhut-Currier-Type Reaction of Tri-substituted Alkenes Containing Trifluoromethyl Groups. Chemistry 2018; 24:1947-1955. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Hong He
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research; Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources; School of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 P. R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research; Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources; School of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 P. R. China
| | - Yan-Ling Ji
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research; Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources; School of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research; Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources; School of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 P. R. China
| | - Ming-Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research; Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources; School of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research; Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources; School of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 P. R. China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research; Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources; School of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 P. R. China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research; Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources; School of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 P. R. China
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38
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Xie X, Huang W, Peng C, Han B. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Six-Membered Carbocycle-Based Spiro Compounds. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
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39
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Affiliation(s)
- Davin Tan
- Department of Chemistry; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke St.W. H3A0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke St.W. H3A0B8 Montreal Canada
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40
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Avila-Ortiz CG, Díaz-Corona L, Jiménez-González E, Juaristi E. Asymmetric Michael Addition Organocatalyzed by α,β-Dipeptides under Solvent-Free Reaction Conditions. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22081328. [PMID: 28796165 PMCID: PMC6152315 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of six novel α,β-dipeptides as chiral organocatalysts in the asymmetric Michael addition reaction between enolizable aldehydes and N-arylmaleimides or nitroolefins is described. With N-arylmaleimides as substrates, the best results were achieved with dipeptide 2 as a catalyst in the presence of aq. NaOH. Whereas dipeptides 4 and 6 in conjunction with 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) and thiourea as a hydrogen bond donor proved to be highly efficient organocatalytic systems in the enantioselective reaction between isobutyraldehyde and various nitroolefins.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gabriela Avila-Ortiz
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Avenida IPN 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico.
| | - Lenin Díaz-Corona
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Avenida IPN 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico.
| | - Erika Jiménez-González
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Avenida IPN 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico.
| | - Eusebio Juaristi
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Avenida IPN 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico.
- El Colegio Nacional, Luis González Obregón 23, Centro Histórico, Ciudad de México 06020, Mexico.
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41
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Andersen JM, Mack J. Decoupling the Arrhenius equation via mechanochemistry. Chem Sci 2017; 8:5447-5453. [PMID: 28970924 PMCID: PMC5609516 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00538e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanochemistry continues to reveal new possibilities in chemistry including the opportunity for "greening" reactions. Nevertheless, a clear understanding of the energetic transformations within mechanochemical systems remains elusive. We employed a uniquely modified ball mill and strategically chosen Diels-Alder reactions to evaluate the role of several ball-milling variables. This revealed three different energetic regions that we believe are defining characteristics of most, if not all, mechanochemical reactors. Relative to the locations of a given ball mill's regions, activation energy determines whether a reaction is energetically easy (Region I), challenging (Region II), or unreasonable (Region III) in a given timeframe. It is in Region II, that great sensitivity to mechanochemical conditions such as vial material and oscillation frequency emerge. Our unique modifications granted control of reaction vessel temperature, which in turn allowed control of the locations of Regions I, II, and III for our mill. Taken together, these results suggest envisioning vibratory mills (and likely other mechanochemical methodologies) as molecular-collision facilitating devices that act upon molecules occupying a thermally-derived energy distribution. This unifies ball-milling energetics with solution-reaction energetics via a common tie to the Arrhenius equation, but gives mechanochemistry the unique opportunity to influence either half of the equation. In light of this, we discuss a strategy for translating solvent-based reaction conditions to ball milling conditions. Lastly, we posit that the extra control via frequency factor grants mechanochemistry the potential for greater selectivity than conventional solution reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel M Andersen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cincinnati , 301 Clifton Court , Cincinnati , Ohio 45221-0172 , USA .
| | - James Mack
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cincinnati , 301 Clifton Court , Cincinnati , Ohio 45221-0172 , USA .
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42
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Kausar N, Das AR. CuI–Zn(OAc) 2 catalyzed C(sp 2 )–H activation for the synthesis of pyridocoumarins through an uncommon Cu I –Cu III switching mechanism: A fast, solvent-free, combo-catalytic, ball milling approach. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.05.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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43
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Veverková E, Modrocká V, Šebesta R. Organocatalyst Efficiency in the α-Aminoxylation and α-Hydrazination of Carbonyl Derivatives in Aqueous Media or in a Ball-Mill. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Veverková
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Faculty of Natural Sciences; Comenius University in Bratislava; Mlynska dolina, Ilkovicova 6 84215 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Viktória Modrocká
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Faculty of Natural Sciences; Comenius University in Bratislava; Mlynska dolina, Ilkovicova 6 84215 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Radovan Šebesta
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Faculty of Natural Sciences; Comenius University in Bratislava; Mlynska dolina, Ilkovicova 6 84215 Bratislava Slovakia
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44
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Chauhan P, Kaya U, Enders D. Advances in Organocatalytic 1,6-Addition Reactions: Enantioselective Construction of Remote Stereogenic Centers. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201601342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Chauhan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Uğur Kaya
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Dieter Enders
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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45
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Kaur J, Kumari A, Chimni SS. Grinding assisted, column chromatography free decarboxylative carbon-carbon bond formation: Greener synthesis of 3, 3-disubstituted oxindoles. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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46
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Polindara-García LA, Juaristi E. Synthesis of Ugi 4-CR and Passerini 3-CR Adducts under Mechanochemical Activation. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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47
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García-Peña NG, Caminade AM, Ouali A, Redón R, Turrin CO. Solventless synthesis of Ru(0) composites stabilized with polyphosphorhydrazone (PPH) dendrons and their use in catalysis. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13709a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruthenium is in the air: small Ru NPs are obtained by milling RuCl3, NaBH4 and polyphosphorhydrazone dendrons under air. The whole dendron structure is involved in the stabilization process. These NPs catalyze the selective hydrogenation of styrene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidia G. García-Peña
- Departamento de Tecnociencias
- Centro de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- México
- Mexico
| | - Anne-Marie Caminade
- CNRS
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination)
- F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4
- France
- Université de Toulouse
| | - Armelle Ouali
- CNRS
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination)
- F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4
- France
- Université de Toulouse
| | - Rocío Redón
- Departamento de Tecnociencias
- Centro de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- México
- Mexico
| | - Cédric-Olivier Turrin
- CNRS
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination)
- F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4
- France
- Université de Toulouse
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48
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Jörres M, Aceña JL, Soloshonok VA, Bolm C. Asymmetric Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation under Solventless Conditions in Ball Mills. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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49
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Organocatalytic activity of α,α-dipeptide derivatives of (S)-proline in the asymmetric aldol reaction in absence of solvent. Evidence for non-covalent π–π interactions in the transition state. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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50
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Chauhan P, Mahajan S, Kaya U, Hack D, Enders D. Bifunctional Amine-Squaramides: Powerful Hydrogen-Bonding Organocatalysts for Asymmetric Domino/Cascade Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201401003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 412] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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