1
|
Leão AF, Condé TO, Dutra YLG, Rosado AWC, Grazziotti PH, de Carvalho Neves S, Fraga LMS, Kasuya MCM, Pereira OL. Amphichorda monjolensis sp. nov., a new fungal species isolated from a Brazilian limestone cave, with an update on acremonium-like species in Bionectriaceae. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:1569-1585. [PMID: 38462595 PMCID: PMC11153450 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01289-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Caves are unique environments characterized by spatial limitations, partial or total absence of direct light, and scarcity of organic carbon and nutrients. Caves are shelters for a variety of adapted animals and microorganisms such as fungi, many of which are still unknown. Amphichorda is a fungal genus belonging to the family Bionectriaceae, which includes cave-dwelling and entomopathogenic species with biotechnological applications. In this study, a new fungal species was identified using morphological and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses of the ITS, LSU, and TEF loci, in the Gruta Velha Nova limestone cave located in the Southern Espinhaço Range, Monjolos, Minas Gerais, Brazil. During the exposure of potato dextrose agar plates to the cave environment, an insect from the family Rhaphidophoridae passed by and fed on the culture medium, resulting in three fungal isolates. Phylogenetic analyses showed that these isolates formed a clade distinct from all known species, leading us to introduce a new species, Amphichorda monjolensis, which may be associated with this insect. Here, we also proposed two new combinations for species of acremonium-like fungi in the Bionectriaceae: Bulbithecium globosisporum (synonym: Acremonium globosisporum) and Hapsidospora curva (synonym: Acremonium curvum). The discovery of A. monjolensis highlights the potential of caves as shelters for new species with significant biotechnological importance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Flávia Leão
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Thiago Oliveira Condé
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Yan Lucas Gomes Dutra
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Henrique Grazziotti
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal Dos Vales Do Jequitinhonha E Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100-000, Brazil
| | - Soraya de Carvalho Neves
- Instituto de Ciência E Tecnologia, Universidade Federal Dos Vales Do Jequitinhonha E Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100-000, Brazil
| | - Lucio Mauro Soares Fraga
- Instituto de Ciência E Tecnologia, Universidade Federal Dos Vales Do Jequitinhonha E Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100-000, Brazil
| | | | - Olinto Liparini Pereira
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Poli A, Zanellati A, Piano E, Biagioli F, Coleine C, Nicolosi G, Selbmann L, Isaia M, Prigione V, Varese GC. Cultivable fungal diversity in two karstic caves in Italy: under-investigated habitats as source of putative novel taxa. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4164. [PMID: 38378919 PMCID: PMC10879487 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54548-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial diversity of caves is largely understudied and its possible applications are still unknown. Autochthonous fungi, in particular, may have the potential to biomineralize metals and may be used as promising agents for bioremediation of polluted sites; thus, unearthing the fungal diversity in hypogean ecosystems is nowadays of utmost importance. To start addressing this knowledge gap, the cultivable mycobiota of two neighbouring caves-one natural and one exploited for touristic purposes-were characterised and compared by studying fungi isolated from sediments collected at increasing distances from the entrance. Overall, 250 fungal isolates ascribable to 69 taxa (mainly Ascomycota) were found, a high percentage of which was reported in caves for the first time. The sediments of the touristic cave displayed a richer and more diversified community in comparison with the natural one, possibly due to visitors carrying propagules or organic material. Considering that these environments are still poorly explored, chances to detect new fungal lineages are not negligible.
Collapse
Grants
- 2017HTXT2R Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca
- 2017HTXT2R Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca
- 2017HTXT2R Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca
- 2017HTXT2R Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca
- 2017HTXT2R Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca
- 2017HTXT2R Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca
- 2017HTXT2R Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca
- 2017HTXT2R Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca
- 2017HTXT2R Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca
- 2017HTXT2R Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca
- IR0000005 European Commission - NextGenerationEU
- IR0000005 European Commission - NextGenerationEU
- IR0000005 European Commission - NextGenerationEU
- Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca
- European Commission – NextGenerationEU
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Poli
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Mycotheca Universitatis Taurinensis, University of Torino, Viale Mattioli 25, 10100, Torino, Italy
| | - A Zanellati
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Mycotheca Universitatis Taurinensis, University of Torino, Viale Mattioli 25, 10100, Torino, Italy
| | - E Piano
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - F Biagioli
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Largo Dell'Università, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - C Coleine
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Largo Dell'Università, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - G Nicolosi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - L Selbmann
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Largo Dell'Università, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - M Isaia
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - V Prigione
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Mycotheca Universitatis Taurinensis, University of Torino, Viale Mattioli 25, 10100, Torino, Italy.
| | - G C Varese
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Mycotheca Universitatis Taurinensis, University of Torino, Viale Mattioli 25, 10100, Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Man BY, Xiang X, Cheng XY, Wang HM, Su CT, Huang QB, Luo Y, Zhang C, Cheng G, Ni YY, Shao XH. Deconstructing the Dimensions of Mycobiome Fingerprints in Luohandu Cave, Guilin, Southern China. Microorganisms 2024; 12:211. [PMID: 38276196 PMCID: PMC10818497 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Subterranean karst caves are windows into the terrestrial subsurface to deconstruct the dimensions of mycobiome fingerprints. However, impeded by the constraints of remote locations, the inaccessibility of specimens and technical limitations, the mycobiome of subterranean karst caves has remained largely unknown. Weathered rock and sediment samples were collected from Luohandu cave (Guilin, Southern China) and subjected to Illumina Hiseq sequencing of ITS1 genes. A total of 267 known genera and 90 known orders in 15 phyla were revealed in the mycobiomes. Ascomycota dominated all samples, followed by Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota. The sediments possessed the relatively highest alpha diversity and were significantly different from weathered rocks according to the diversity indices and richness metrics. Fifteen families and eight genera with significant differences were detected in the sediment samples. The Ca/Mg ratio appeared to significantly affect the structure of the mycobiome communities. Ascomycota appeared to exert a controlling influence on the mycobiome co-occurrence network of the sediments, while Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were found to be the main phyla in the mycobiome co-occurrence network of weathered rocks. Our results provide a more comprehensive dimension to the mycobiome fingerprints of Luohandu cave and a new window into the mycobiome communities and the ecology of subterranean karst cave ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Ying Man
- College of Life Science, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001, China; (X.X.); (Y.L.); (C.Z.); (G.C.); (Y.-Y.N.); (X.-H.S.)
- Key Laboratory for Regional Plants Conservation and Ecological Restoration of Northeast Jiangxi, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001, China
| | - Xing Xiang
- College of Life Science, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001, China; (X.X.); (Y.L.); (C.Z.); (G.C.); (Y.-Y.N.); (X.-H.S.)
- Key Laboratory for Regional Plants Conservation and Ecological Restoration of Northeast Jiangxi, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Cheng
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Geobiology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hong-Mei Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Geobiology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chun-Tian Su
- Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China; (C.-T.S.); (Q.-B.H.)
- Pingguo Guangxi, Karst Ecosystem, National Observation and Research Station, Pingguo 531406, Guangxi, China
| | - Qi-Bo Huang
- Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China; (C.-T.S.); (Q.-B.H.)
- Pingguo Guangxi, Karst Ecosystem, National Observation and Research Station, Pingguo 531406, Guangxi, China
| | - Yang Luo
- College of Life Science, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001, China; (X.X.); (Y.L.); (C.Z.); (G.C.); (Y.-Y.N.); (X.-H.S.)
- Key Laboratory for Regional Plants Conservation and Ecological Restoration of Northeast Jiangxi, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001, China; (X.X.); (Y.L.); (C.Z.); (G.C.); (Y.-Y.N.); (X.-H.S.)
- Key Laboratory for Regional Plants Conservation and Ecological Restoration of Northeast Jiangxi, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001, China
| | - Gang Cheng
- College of Life Science, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001, China; (X.X.); (Y.L.); (C.Z.); (G.C.); (Y.-Y.N.); (X.-H.S.)
- Key Laboratory for Regional Plants Conservation and Ecological Restoration of Northeast Jiangxi, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001, China
| | - Yu-Yang Ni
- College of Life Science, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001, China; (X.X.); (Y.L.); (C.Z.); (G.C.); (Y.-Y.N.); (X.-H.S.)
- Key Laboratory for Regional Plants Conservation and Ecological Restoration of Northeast Jiangxi, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001, China
| | - Xing-Hua Shao
- College of Life Science, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001, China; (X.X.); (Y.L.); (C.Z.); (G.C.); (Y.-Y.N.); (X.-H.S.)
- Key Laboratory for Regional Plants Conservation and Ecological Restoration of Northeast Jiangxi, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang MM, Yang SY, Li Q, Zheng Y, Ma HH, Tu YH, Li W, Cai L. Microascaceae from the Marine Environment, with Descriptions of Six New Species. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:45. [PMID: 38248952 PMCID: PMC10821522 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Most reported members of Microascaceae that have been reported originate from the terrestrial environment, where they act as saprobes or plant pathogens. However, our understanding of their species diversity and distribution in the marine environment remains vastly limited, with only 22 species in nine genera having been reported so far. A survey of the fungal diversity in intertidal areas of China's mainland has revealed the discovery of several Microascaceae strains from 14 marine algae and 15 sediment samples. Based on morphological characteristics and LSU-ITS-tef1-tub2 multilocus phylogeny using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods, 48 strains were identified as 18 species belonging to six genera. Among these, six new species were discovered: Gamsia sedimenticola, Microascus algicola, M. gennadii, Scedosporium ellipsosporium, S. shenzhenensis, and S. sphaerospermum. Additionally, the worldwide distribution of the species within this family across various marine habitats was briefly reviewed and discussed. Our study expands the knowledge of species diversity and distribution of Microascaceae in the marine environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Wang
- College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (M.-M.W.); (S.-Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (Y.-H.T.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Shi-Yu Yang
- College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (M.-M.W.); (S.-Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (Y.-H.T.)
| | - Qi Li
- College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (M.-M.W.); (S.-Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (Y.-H.T.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yao Zheng
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266005, China (H.-H.M.)
| | - He-He Ma
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266005, China (H.-H.M.)
| | - Ye-Hui Tu
- College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (M.-M.W.); (S.-Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (Y.-H.T.)
| | - Wei Li
- College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (M.-M.W.); (S.-Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (Y.-H.T.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266005, China (H.-H.M.)
| | - Lei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li M, Raza M, Song S, Hou L, Zhang ZF, Gao M, Huang JE, Liu F, Cai L. Application of culturomics in fungal isolation from mangrove sediments. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:272. [PMID: 38082427 PMCID: PMC10712113 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fungi play a crucial role in ecosystems, and they have been widely considered a promising source for natural compounds that are crucial for drug discovery. Fungi have a high diversity, but about 95% of them remain unknown to science. The description rate of fungi is very low, mainly due to the inability of most fungi to grow in artificial media, which could not provide a sufficiently similar environment to their natural habitats. Moreover, many species in nature are in a state of low metabolic activity which cannot readily proliferate without proper resuscitation. Previously developed culturomics techniques are mostly designed and applicable for bacteria, with few attempts for fungal isolation because of their significantly larger cell size and hyphal growth properties. RESULTS This study attempted to isolate previously uncultured and rare fungi from mangrove sediments using newly developed fungal enrichment culture method (FECM) and fungal isolation chips (FiChips). Comparison of fungal community composition at different enrichment stages showed that FECM had great influence on fungal community composition, with rare taxa increased significantly, thus improving the isolation efficiency of previously uncultured fungi. Similarly, in situ cultivation using FiChips has a significant advantage in detecting and culturing rare fungi, as compared to the conventional dilution plate method (DPM). In addition, based on morphological comparisons and phylogenetic analyses, we described and proposed 38 new ascomycetous taxa, including three new families, eight new genera, 25 new species, and two new combinations (presented in additional file 1). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that mangrove sediments harbor a high diversity of fungi, and our new isolation approaches (FECM and FiChips) presented a high efficiency in isolating hitherto uncultured fungi, which is potentially usable for fungal isolation in other similar environments. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mubashar Raza
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management On Crops in Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Shuang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lingwei Hou
- Key Lab of Space Nutrition and Food Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Zhang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Min Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jun-En Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Lei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang J, Zhang Z, Li D, Xia J, Li Z. Three New Species of Microdochium ( Microdochiaceae, Xylariales) on Bambusaceae sp. and Saprophytic Leaves from Hainan and Yunnan, China. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1176. [PMID: 38132777 PMCID: PMC10744526 DOI: 10.3390/jof9121176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Species of the genus Microdochium (Microdochiaceae, Xylariales) have been reported from the whole world and separated from multiple plant hosts. The primary aim of the present study is to describe and illustrate three new species isolated from the leaf spot of Bambusaceae sp. and saprophytic leaves in Hainan and Yunnan provinces, China. The proposed three species, viz., Microdochium bambusae, M. nannuoshanense and M. phyllosaprophyticum, are based on multi-locus phylogenies from a combined dataset of ITS rDNA, LSU, RPB2 and TUB2 in conjunction with morphological characteristics. Descriptions and illustrations of three new species in the genus are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zhuang Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (J.Z.); (Z.Z.); (D.L.); (J.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dutra YLG, Rosado AWC, Condé TO, Leão AF, Neves SDC, Fraga LMS, Kasuya MCM, Pereira OL. Two new Cladosporium species from a quartzite cave in Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:3021-3031. [PMID: 37880564 PMCID: PMC10689331 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01156-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Caves are underground and natural environments mainly found in rocky terrain. Caves have a very specific microclimate, which benefits the occurrence of specific fungi. In recent studies, researchers have observed that caves harbour a great diversity of fungi. However, studies on fungal diversity in Brazilian caves are still incipient. In September 2019, airborne spore and soil samples were collected from the Monte Cristo cave, in the Southern Espinhaço Range, Diamantina, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Two Cladosporium single-spore isolates, among other genera, were obtained from these samples. This study aimed to characterise these two fungal isolates based on their DNA sequence data and morphology. Phylogenetic analyses of the rDNA-ITS, ACT and TEF1-α loci revealed that the isolates belonged to the Cladosporium cladosporioides species complex. Both isolates did not cluster with any known species and were formally described and named herein as C. diamantinense and C. speluncae. This study presents taxonomic novelties and contributes to the knowledge about the fungal diversity in Brazilian caves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lucas Gomes Dutra
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - André Wilson Campos Rosado
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Thiago Oliveira Condé
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Leão
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Soraya de Carvalho Neves
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100-000, Brazil
| | - Lucio Mauro Soares Fraga
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100-000, Brazil
| | | | - Olinto Liparini Pereira
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Torres-Garcia D, Gené J, García D, Cano-Lira JF. Insights into Some Onygenalean Fungi from Freshwater Sediments in Spain and Description of Novel Taxa. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1129. [PMID: 38132730 PMCID: PMC10744713 DOI: 10.3390/jof9121129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
During the course of a project investigating culturable Ascomycota diversity from freshwater sediments in Spain, we isolated 63 strains of cycloheximide-resistant fungi belonging to the order Onygenales. These well-known ascomycetes, able to infect both humans and animals, are commonly found in terrestrial habitats, colonizing keratin-rich soils or dung. Little is known about their diversity in aquatic environments. Combining morphological features and sequence analyses of the ITS and LSU regions of the nrDNA, we identified 14 species distributed in the genera Aphanoascus, Arachniotus, Arthroderma, Arthropsis, Emmonsiellopsis, Gymnoascoideus, Leucothecium, Malbranchea, and Myriodontium. Furthermore, three novel species for the genus Malbranchea are proposed as M. echinulata sp. nov., M. irregularis sp. nov., and M. sinuata sp. nov. The new genera Albidomyces and Neoarthropsis are introduced based on Arachniotus albicans and Arthropsis hispanica, respectively. Neoarthropsis sexualis sp. nov. is characterized and differentiated morphologically from its counterpart by the production of a sexual morph. The novel family Neoarthropsidaceae is proposed for the genera Albidomyes, Apinisia, Arachnotheca, Myriodontium, and Neoarthropsis, based on their phylogenetic relationships and phenotypic and ecological traits. Pseudoamaurascopsis gen. nov. is introduced to accommodate P. spiralis sp. nov., a fungus with unclear taxonomy related to Amaurascopsis and Polytolypa. We traced the ecology and global distribution of the novel fungi through ITS environmental sequences deposited in the GlobalFungi database. Studying the fungal diversity from freshwater sediments not only contributes to filling gaps in the relationships and taxonomy of the Ascomycota but also gives us insights into the fungal community that might represent a putative risk to the health of animals and humans inhabiting or transient in aquatic environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Josepa Gené
- Unitat de Micologia i Microbiologia Ambiental, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut and IU-RESCAT, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; (D.T.-G.); (D.G.); (J.F.C.-L.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Suetrong S, Preedanon S, Kobmoo N, Srihom C, Somrithipol S, Saengkaewsuk S, Srikitikulchai P, Klaysuban A, Nuankaew S, Chuaseeharonnachai C, Chainuwong B, Muangsong C, Malimart K, Rungjindamai N, Siripornpibul C, Chareonkunnatum U, Ploydam B, Thungprue N, Tongsima S, Zhang ZF, Cai L, Boonyuen N. Unravelling the hidden diversity of cave mycobiota in Thailand's Satun Geopark. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19162. [PMID: 37932293 PMCID: PMC10628224 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43316-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Karst caves are distinctive ecosystems that have limited nutrients, darkness, low to moderate temperatures, and high moisture levels, which allow for a diverse range of fungal communities to thrive. Despite their significance, little is understood about the fungi found in karst caves in Thailand. In 2019, we studied the cultured mycobiota from five substrate types (air, water, rock, soil/sediment, and organic debris) in two karst caves (Le Stegodon and Phu Pha Phet Caves) of the Satun UNESCO Global Geopark, southern Thailand. A cumulative count of 829 distinct fungal morphological types was identified, encompassing 319 fungal culturable were observed. Based on preliminary analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence using BLAST searches, the most common phylum among the fungal morphotypes was Ascomycota, harboring 282 species in 91 genera, 93.4% of which were distributed in the classes Eurotiomycetes, Sordariomycetes, and Dothideomycetes. The most common fungal genera identified in the two karst caves were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium, Talaromyces, Xylaria, and Trichoderma, with 45, 41, 24, 14, 14, and 6 species identified, respectively. Discovering fungi in Thai karst caves highlights the extensive fungal diversity in the Satun UNESCO Global Geopark, implying undiscovered species, and emphasizing the need for comprehensive investigations in other unexplored Thai karst caves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satinee Suetrong
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Sita Preedanon
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Noppol Kobmoo
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Charisa Srihom
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Sayanh Somrithipol
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Supicha Saengkaewsuk
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Prasert Srikitikulchai
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Anupong Klaysuban
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Salilaporn Nuankaew
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Charuwan Chuaseeharonnachai
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Boonchuai Chainuwong
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Chotika Muangsong
- Innovation for Social and Environmental Management, Mahidol University (MU), Amnatcharoen Campus, Amnatcharoen, 37000, Thailand
| | - Kittapha Malimart
- Innovation for Social and Environmental Management, Mahidol University (MU), Amnatcharoen Campus, Amnatcharoen, 37000, Thailand
| | - Nattawut Rungjindamai
- Department of Biology, School of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL), Bangkok, 10520, Thailand.
| | - Chaiyaporn Siripornpibul
- Department of Groundwater Resources, Ngamwongwan 54 Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Umapon Chareonkunnatum
- Department of Mineral Resources, Region 4, Tha Kham, Phunphin, Surat Thani, 84130, Thailand
| | - Bumrungrat Ploydam
- Khao Banthat Wildlife Sanctuary, Ban Na, Srinagarindra District, 93000, Phatthalung, Thailand
| | | | - Sissades Tongsima
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Zhi-Feng Zhang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 51145, China
| | - Lei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Nattawut Boonyuen
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Preedanon S, Suetrong S, Srihom C, Somrithipol S, Kobmoo N, Saengkaewsuk S, Srikitikulchai P, Klaysuban A, Nuankaew S, Chuaseeharonnachai C, Chainuwong B, Muangsong C, Zhang Z, Cai L, Boonyuen N. Eight novel cave fungi in Thailand's Satun Geopark. Fungal Syst Evol 2023; 12:1-30. [PMID: 38455950 PMCID: PMC10915585 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2023.12.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Karst caves are unique oligotrophic ecosystems characterised by the scarcity of organic litter, darkness, low to moderate temperatures, and high humidity, supporting diverse fungal communities. Despite their importance, little is known about the fungi in karst caves in Thailand. In 2019, we explored the culturable mycobiota associated with three selected types of substrates (air, soil/sediment and organic litter samples) from two karst caves, the Le Stegodon and Phu Pha Phet Caves, in the Satun UNESCO Global Geopark in southern Thailand. Based on morphological characters and multilocus phylogenetic analyses, eight new species (Actinomortierella caverna, Hypoxylon phuphaphetense, Leptobacillium latisporum, Malbranchea phuphaphetensis, Scedosporium satunense, Sesquicillium cavernum, Thelonectria satunensis and Umbelopsis satunensis) were described, illustrated, and compared to closely related species. These new fungal taxa form independent lineages distinct from other previously described species and classified into eight different families across six orders and two phyla (Ascomycota and Mucoromycota). This paper provides additional evidence that the karst caves located within the Satun UNESCO Global Geopark, situated in the southern region of Thailand, harbour a diverse range of newly discovered species. Citation: Preedanon S, Suetrong S, Srihom C, Somrithipol S, Kobmoo N, Saengkaewsuk S, Srikitikulchai P, Klaysuban A, Nuankaew S, Chuaseeharonnachai C, Chainuwong B, Muangsong C, Zhang ZF, Cai L, Boonyuen N (2023). Eight novel cave fungi in Thailand's Satun Geopark. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 12: 1-30. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2023.12.01.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Preedanon
- National Biobank of Thailand (NBT), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - S. Suetrong
- National Biobank of Thailand (NBT), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - C. Srihom
- National Biobank of Thailand (NBT), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - S. Somrithipol
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - N. Kobmoo
- National Biobank of Thailand (NBT), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - S. Saengkaewsuk
- National Biobank of Thailand (NBT), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - P. Srikitikulchai
- National Biobank of Thailand (NBT), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - A. Klaysuban
- National Biobank of Thailand (NBT), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - S. Nuankaew
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - C. Chuaseeharonnachai
- National Biobank of Thailand (NBT), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - B. Chainuwong
- National Biobank of Thailand (NBT), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - C. Muangsong
- Innovation for Social and Environmental Management, Mahidol University (MU), Amnatcharoen Campus, Amnatcharoen 37000, Thailand
| | - Z.F. Zhang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 51145, China
| | - L. Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China
| | - N. Boonyuen
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang ZF, Mao J, Cai L. Dispersal Limitation Controlling the Assembly of the Fungal Community in Karst Caves. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1013. [PMID: 37888269 PMCID: PMC10608104 DOI: 10.3390/jof9101013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As a unique ecosystem, Karst caves harbor an impressive diversity of specific fungi. However, the factors and mechanisms that shape fungal biodiversity in caves remain elusive. In this study, we explored the assembly patterns of fungal communities based on our previous research in eight representative Karst caves in Southwest China. Our results indicated that dispersal limitation plays a crucial role in shaping the overall fungal community as well as specific communities in rock, sediment, and water samples. However, "Undominated" processes contributed more than dispersal limitation in air samples. Interestingly, the dominant assembly processes varied between caves. Consistently, environmental selection had a minor impact on the assembly of fungal communities. Among the examined spatial and environmental variables, latitude, longitude, altitude, and temperature were found to significantly influence fungal communities irrespective of substrate type. These findings provide valuable insights into the ecological factors governing fungal community assembly in Karst caves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Feng Zhang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China;
| | - Jian Mao
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China;
| | - Lei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yang Y, Luo W, Zhang W, Mridha MAU, Wijesinghe SN, McKenzie EHC, Wang Y. Cladosporium Species Associated with Fruit Trees in Guizhou Province, China. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9020250. [PMID: 36836364 PMCID: PMC9962058 DOI: 10.3390/jof9020250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
During an investigation of fungal diversity on fruit trees in Guizhou Province, 23 Cladosporium strains were isolated from various locations in Guizhou Province. Culture characteristics, morphology and molecular phylogenetic analysis of three genetic markers, namely, the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) of the rDNA, partial fragments of actin (act), and the translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1-ɑ) loci were used to characterize these isolates. Seven new Cladosporium species and new host records for five other species were introduced, with detailed descriptions and illustrations. This study showed that there is a rich diversity of Cladosporium spp. in fruit trees in Guizhou Province.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqiao Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Agriculture College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wenmei Luo
- Department of Plant Pathology, Agriculture College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wensong Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Agriculture College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | | | | | | | - Yong Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Agriculture College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence: or
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fungal Diversity in Korean Caves and Cave-Inhabiting Bats with Attention to Pseudogymnoascus Species. DIVERSITY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/d15020198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pseudogymnoascus is a psychrophilic fungus, which is a genus widely distributed in cold regions around the world. Recently, the presence of Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), the causative agent of white-nose syndrome (WNS) belonging to Pseudogymnoascus, has been reported in neighboring countries of Korea. However, no investigation on Pd has been reported in Korea. In this study, cave-inhabiting bats and their habitats were investigated in terms of the diversity of cave fungi, and we tried to confirm the presence of Pd. Three caves suspected of hosting Pd were selected, and 83 environmental and 53 bat samples were collected. A total of 154 fungal strains belonging to 31 different genera were isolated, and 20 of 154 were confirmed to belong to Pseudogymnoascus. Pd-diagnostic PCR was performed to check whether Pd was present in the isolated Pseudogymnoascus, and seven positives were confirmed. However, phylogenetic analyses revealed that no isolates belonged or were closely related to the clade with Pd. Although samples were collected from limited areas, undescribed Pseudogymnoascus species were isolated, and it was confirmed that Korean isolates were distributed in various clades. In conclusion, it is hypothesized that Korean Pseudogymnoascus presents high diversity.
Collapse
|
14
|
Antifungal Activity and Biocontrol Potential of Simplicillium lamellicola JC-1 against Multiple Fungal Pathogens of Oilseed Rape. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 9:jof9010057. [PMID: 36675878 PMCID: PMC9860836 DOI: 10.3390/jof9010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A fungal strain (JC-1) of Simplicillium was isolated from a pod of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) infested with the blackleg pathogen Leptosphaeria biglobosa. This study was done to clarify its taxonomic identity using morphological and molecular approaches, to characterize its antifungal activity through bioassays and genome-based identification of antifungal metabolites, and to determine its efficacy in inducing systemic resistance (ISR) in oilseed rape. The results showed that JC-1 belongs to Simplicillium lamellicola. It displayed a strong antagonistic relationship with L. biglobosa, Botrytis cinerea (gray mold) and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (stem rot). The cultural filtrates of JC-1 showed a high efficacy in suppressing infection by S. sclerotiorum on detached leaves of oilseed rape. Genome analysis indicated that JC-1 has the capability of producing multiple antifungal metabolites, including aureobasidin A1, squalestatin S1 and verlamelin. Inoculation of JC-1 on seeds of oilseed rape caused a suppressive effect on infection by L. biglobosa on the cotyledons of the resulting seedlings, suggesting that JC-1 can trigger ISR. Endophytic growth, accumulation of anthocyanins, up-regulated expression of CHI (for chalcone isomerase) and PR1 (for pathogenesis-related protein 1), and down-regulated expression of NECD3 (for 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase) were detected to be associated with the ISR. This study provided new insights into the biocontrol potential and modes of action of S. lamellicola.
Collapse
|
15
|
Taxonomy and Multigene Phylogeny of Diaporthales in Guizhou Province, China. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8121301. [PMID: 36547633 PMCID: PMC9785342 DOI: 10.3390/jof8121301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In a study of fungi isolated from plant material in Guizhou Province, China, we identified 23 strains of Diaporthales belonging to nine species. These are identified from multigene phylogenetic analyses of ITS, LSU, rpb2, tef1, and tub2 gene sequence data coupled with morphological studies. The fungi include a new genus (Pseudomastigosporella) in Foliocryphiaceae isolated from Acer palmatum and Hypericum patulum, a new species of Chrysofolia isolated from Coriaria nepalensis, and five new species of Diaporthe isolated from Juglans regia, Eucommia ulmoides, and Hypericum patulum. Gnomoniopsis rosae and Coniella quercicola are newly recorded species for China.
Collapse
|
16
|
Two New Species and a New Record of Microdochium from Grasses in Yunnan Province, South-West China. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8121297. [PMID: 36547630 PMCID: PMC9783193 DOI: 10.3390/jof8121297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Microdochium species are frequently reported as phytopathogens on various plants and also as saprobic and soil-inhabiting organisms. As a pathogen, they mainly affect grasses and cereals, causing severe disease in economically valuable crops, resulting in reduced yield and, thus, economic loss. Numerous asexual Microdochium species have been described and reported as hyphomycetous. However, the sexual morph is not often found. The main purpose of this study was to describe and illustrate two new species and a new record of Microdochium based on morphological characterization and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses. Surveys of both asexual and sexual morph specimens were conducted from March to June 2021 in Yunnan Province, China. Here, we introduce Microdochium graminearum and M. shilinense, from dead herbaceous stems of grasses and report M. bolleyi as an endophyte of Setaria parviflora leaves. This study improves the understanding of Microdochium species on monocotyledonous flowering plants in East Asia. A summary of the morphological characteristics of the genus and detailed references are provided for use in future research.
Collapse
|
17
|
Alves V, Lira R, Lima J, Barbosa R, Bento D, Barbier E, Bernard E, Souza-Motta C, Bezerra J. Unravelling the fungal darkness in a tropical cave: richness and the description of one new genus and six new species. Fungal Syst Evol 2022; 10:139-167. [PMID: 36741552 PMCID: PMC9875697 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2022.10.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Caves are special environments that harbour an incredible diversity of life, including fungal species. Brazilian caves have been demonstrated to be biodiversity hotspots for known and unknown fungal species. We investigated the richness of culturable fungi in a tropical cave in Brazil by isolating these microorganisms from the sediment and air. The fungal abundance of colony-forming units (CFUs) was 3 178 in sediment and 526 in air. We used morphological features and phylogenetic analyses of actin (actA), calmodulin (cmdA), internal transcribed spacer regions and intervening 5.8S rRNA (ITS), large subunit (LSU) rDNA, RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), and β-tubulin (tub2) genes to identify these isolates. Forty-one species belonging to 17 genera of Ascomycota and two of Basidiomycota were identified, and the genus Aspergillus was most commonly observed in the cave (13 taxa). Twenty-four species were found in sediment (16 exclusives) and 25 species were found in air (17 exclusives). In this study, we introduced a new genus (Pseudolecanicillium gen. nov.) in the family Cordycipitaceae and six new species (14 % of the total taxa identified) of fungal isolates obtained from sediment and air: Aspergillus lebretii sp. nov., Malbranchea cavernosa sp. nov., Pseudohumicola cecavii sp. nov., Pseudolecanicillium caatingaense sp. nov., Talaromyces cavernicola sp. nov., and Tritirachium brasiliense sp. nov. In addition, we built a checklist of the fungal taxa reported from Brazilian caves. Our results highlight the contribution of Brazilian caves to the estimation of national and global fungal diversity. Citation: Alves VCS, Lira RA, Lima JMS, Barbosa RN, Bento DM, Barbier E, Bernard E, Souza-Motta CM, Bezerra JDP (2022). Unravelling the fungal darkness in a tropical cave: richness and the description of one new genus and six new species. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 10: 139-167. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2022.10.06.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V.C.S. Alves
- Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Avenida da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50740-600, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - R.A. Lira
- Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Avenida da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50740-600, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - J.M.S. Lima
- Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Avenida da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50740-600, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - R.N. Barbosa
- Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Avenida da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50740-600, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - D.M. Bento
- Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cavernas, Base Avançada no Rio Grande do Norte, Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, CEP: 59015-350, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - E. Barbier
- Laboratório de Ciência Aplicada à Conservação da Biodiversidade, Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Avenida da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50740-600, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - E. Bernard
- Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Avenida da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50740-600, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - C.M. Souza-Motta
- Departamento de Micologia Prof. Chaves Batista, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Avenida da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50740-600, Recife, PE, Brazil,*Corresponding author: ,
| | - J.D.P. Bezerra
- Setor de Micologia, Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública (IPTSP), Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Rua 235, s/n, Setor Universitário, CEP: 74605-050, Goiânia, GO, Brazil,*Corresponding author: ,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Insight into the Taxonomic Resolution of Apiospora: Introducing Novel Species and Records from Bamboo in China and Thailand. DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/d14110918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Taxonomic studies of bambusicolous fungi in China and Thailand have resulted in the collection of three fascinating saprobic coelomycetes strains. Morphology coupled with combined gene analysis of ITS, LSU, TUB2, and TEF1-α DNA sequence data showed that they belong to the genus Apiospora, family Apiosporaceae. A new species from Thailand, Apiospora mukdahanensis, and new records of A. locuta-pollinis from China are herein described. In addition, based on both morphological data coupled with phylogenetics and nomenclatural analyses, A. mori is proposed as a new combination. Maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses were performed to clarify the phylogenetic affinities of the species obtained in this study. Newly obtained strains are compared with morphologically- and phylogenetically-related taxa. The comprehensive descriptions, illustrations, and updated phylogeny are provided and discussed for intra-and intergeneric relationships within Apiospora species.
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Tiankeng acts as a refugium for biodiversity amid a changing global climate, and a previous study has shown that some ancient (Alsophila spinulosa) and unique plants (cool-adapted plants) are present in Tiankeng. However, there are few reports on Ascomycota from the Tiankeng karst region. In this research, the species diversity of Cordyceps-like fungi in Monkey-Ear Tiankeng was investigated. Seven species in the genera Akanthomyces, Beauveria, Cordyceps, and Samsoniella were identified based on internal transcribed spacer sequences and morphological characteristics. Eight new species in the genera Akanthomyces, Cordyceps, and Samsoniella were established and described according to a multilocus phylogenetic analysis and morphological characteristics. Our results revealed that Cordyceps-like fungi were abundant in Monkey-Ear Tiankeng, providing new insights into the diversity of Ascomycota in this special eco-environment. IMPORTANCE Karst Tiankeng has a special eco-environment and acts as a refugium for biodiversity. However, there are few reports on Ascomycota from the Tiankeng karst region. In this research, seven known species and eight new species in the genera Akanthomyces, Beauveria, Cordyceps, and Samsoniella were reported. The results showed that Cordyceps-like fungi are abundant in Monkey-Ear Tiankeng. Interestingly, the month of the sampling was November, which is not an active period of growth and reproduction for Cordyceps-like fungi. These results revealed that unconventional time sampling should not be ignored, especially for a special eco-environment, and provided new insights into the diversity of Ascomycota in this special eco-environment.
Collapse
|
20
|
Jiang C, Liu Y, Li H, Zhu S, Sun X, Wu K, Shui W. The characterization of microbial communities and associations in karst tiankeng. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1002198. [PMID: 36338100 PMCID: PMC9632645 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1002198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The karst tiankeng is a special and grand negative terrain on the surface, that maintains a unique ecosystem. However, knowledge about bacterial and fungal communities in karst tiankengs is still limited. Therefore, soil samples from five karst tiankengs were collected and subjected to high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and ITS genes, and multivariate statistical analysis. The results showed abundant and diversified bacterial and fungal communities in karst tiankeng. The bacterial communities were dominated by Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria, and the fungal communities were dominated by Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in bacterial and fungal communities among the five karst tiankengs, which may indicate that the distribution of bacterial and fungal communities was driven by separate karst tiankengs. The co-occurrence network structure was characterized by highly modularized assembly patterns and more positive interactions. The keystone taxa were mainly involved in nutrient cycling and energy metabolism. The null model analysis results showed that the stochastic process, especially dispersal limitation, tended to be more important in controlling the development of bacterial and fungal communities in karst tiankeng. The bacterial community structure was significantly associated with soil properties (SWC, TN, AN, and BD), while the fungal community structure was significantly associated with soil properties (SWC and TP) and plant diversity. These results can expand our knowledge of the karst tiankeng microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Jiang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanmeng Liu
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sufeng Zhu
- Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Sun
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kexing Wu
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei Shui
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Shui,
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
First Isolation of Pseudogymnoascus destructans, the Fungal Causative Agent of White-Nose Syndrome, in Korean Bats (Myotis petax). J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8101072. [PMID: 36294636 PMCID: PMC9605074 DOI: 10.3390/jof8101072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
White-nose syndrome (WNS), caused by Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), is a lethal fungal disease that affects hibernating bats in North America. Recently, the presence of Pd was reported in countries neighboring Korea. However, Pd has not been investigated in Korea. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the presence of Pd in Korean bats. Altogether, wings from 241 bats were collected from 13 cities and cultured. A total of 79 fungal colonies were isolated, and two isolates were identified as Pd using polymerase chain reaction. Of the nine bat species captured in 13 cities, Pd was isolated only from Myotis petax in Goryeong. Atypical, curved conidia were observed in two isolated fungal colonies. Although histological lesions were not observed by hematoxylin and eosin or periodic acid−Schiff staining, fungal invasion was observed in the tissue sections. Taken together, these results confirmed the presence of Pd in Korean bats and suggest the possibility of WNS outbreaks in Korean bats. This is the first report of the isolation and molecular analysis of Pd from Korean bats.
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen W, Liang J, Ren X, Zhao J, Han Y, Liang Z. Multigene phylogeny, phylogenetic network, and morphological characterizations reveal four new arthropod-associated Simplicillium species and their evolutional relationship. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:950773. [PMID: 36267186 PMCID: PMC9578668 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.950773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simplicillium species are widely distributed and commonly found on various substrates. A minority of species are associated with arthropods. A spider-associated species Simplicillium araneae, and three insect-associated species, Simplicillium coleopterorum, Simplicillium guizhouense, and Simplicillium larvatum, are proposed as novel species based on a multi-locus phylogenetic analysis and morphological characteristics. These Simplicillium species completely fit the nutritional model of Hypocreales fungi and could be used as a model to study their evolutionary relationship. A phylogenetic network analysis based on ITS sequences suggests that a host jump was common among Simplicillium species, and S. araneae may have originally come from an insect host and then jumped to a spider host. However, the evolutionary relationship of S. coleopterorum, S. guizhouense, and S. larvatum was not clear in the phylogenetic network and more sequencing information should be added to the network. In addition, strain CBS 101267 was identified as Simplicillium subtropicum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanhao Chen
- Center for Mycomedicine Research, Basic Medical School, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiandong Liang
- Center for Mycomedicine Research, Basic Medical School, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiuxiu Ren
- Center for Mycomedicine Research, Basic Medical School, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiehong Zhao
- Center for Mycomedicine Research, Basic Medical School, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanfeng Han
- Institute of Fungus Resources, Department of Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yanfeng Han
| | - Zongqi Liang
- Institute of Fungus Resources, Department of Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhu HZ, Jiang CY, Liu SJ. Microbial roles in cave biogeochemical cycling. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:950005. [PMID: 36246268 PMCID: PMC9554484 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.950005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Among fundamental research questions in subterranean biology, the role of subterranean microbiomes playing in key elements cycling is a top-priority one. Karst caves are widely distributed subsurface ecosystems, and cave microbes get more and more attention as they could drive cave evolution and biogeochemical cycling. Research have demonstrated the existence of diverse microbes and their participance in biogeochemical cycling of elements in cave environments. However, there are still gaps in how these microbes sustain in caves with limited nutrients and interact with cave environment. Cultivation of novel cave bacteria with certain functions is still a challenging assignment. This review summarized the role of microbes in cave evolution and mineral deposition, and intended to inspire further exploration of microbial performances on C/N/S biogeocycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Zhen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Environmental Microbiology Research Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng-Ying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Environmental Microbiology Research Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang-Jiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Environmental Microbiology Research Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Shuang-Jiang Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Two Novel Species of Talaromyces Discovered in a Karst Cave in the Satun UNESCO Global Geopark of Southern Thailand. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8080825. [PMID: 36012813 PMCID: PMC9410482 DOI: 10.3390/jof8080825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Karst caves are oligotrophic environments that appear to support a high diversity of fungi. Studies of fungi in Thailand’s caves are limited. During a 2019 exploration of the mycobiota associated with soil samples from a karst cave, namely, Phu Pha Phet in the Satun UNESCO Global Geopark in Satun Province, southern Thailand, two previously undescribed fungi belonging to Talaromyces (Trichocomaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomycetes) were studied using a polyphasic approach combining phenotypic and molecular data. Based on datasets of four loci (ITS, BenA, CaM, and RPB2), phylogenetic trees of the section Trachyspermi were constructed, and two new species—Talaromyces phuphaphetensis sp. nov. and T. satunensis sp. nov.—phylogenetically related to T. subericola, T. resinae, and T. brasiliensis, are described. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of the new species are provided. This study increases the number of cave-dwelling soil fungi discovered in Thailand’s Satun UNESCO Global Geopark, which appears to be a unique environment with a high potential for discovering fungal species previously undescribed.
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
AbstractThe classification of taxa belonging to the Sordariales has been problematic over the years. With the beginning of the DNA era, ascospore morphology, which was the main criterium for the delimitation of taxa in the Sordariales, was demonstrated to not be useful for inferring taxonomic relationships especially at the genus level. In the past decades, the combination of both morphological and molecular data allowed the reclassification of these taxa. Recently, a study of some often overlooked Diaporthomycetidae and Sordariomycetidae included a new taxonomic classification for members of the Sordariales, many of which were based on nomenclatural errors or which lacked sufficient data to support their hypotheses. The authors did not contribute any new DNA sequences, but instead relied on datasets generated by previous authors in their published phylogenetic studies. Surprisingly, different results were obtained contradicting these previous studies and, in an act of taxonomic vandalism, five new families were introduced without performing further molecular analyses to verify the incongruencies with these previous studies. Three of these new families, which we consider doubtful, are Bombardiaceae, Lasiosphaeridaceae and Zygospermellaceae. The family Strattoniaceae is here considered superfluous since it was introduced to accommodate only a single genus and delimited based on a species that is not the type species of Strattonia. The Neoschizotheciaceae was erected based on the new genus Neoschizothecium, which was introduced to accommodate members of Schizothecium since Huang et al. (2021) considered Schizothecium as a synonym of Podospora after misinterpreting their type species as the same. However, Schizothecium and Podospora have been two independent genera based on two different type species for half a century, making Neoschizothecium and Neoschizotheciaceae superfluous. Moreover, they proposed 32 new combinations, 16 of which are now superfluous or doubtful. Most of these taxonomic errors could have been avoided if a proper literature review had been performed. Two examples are the new superfluous combinations of Triangularia tarvisina and Cladorrhinum olerum, because the former is considered conspecific with Triangularia setosa, and the latter conspecific with Cladorrhinum foecundissimum, the anamorph of Arnium olerum. The focus of the current review is to provide a scientifically responsible alternative to the erroneous novelties proposed at the family, genus and species level in the recent classification of Sordariales.
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang SY, Wang Y, Li Y. Cladosporium spp. (Cladosporiaceae) isolated from Eucommiaulmoides in China. MycoKeys 2022; 91:151-168. [PMID: 36760889 PMCID: PMC9849062 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.91.87841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Eucommiaulmoides is a rare tree species in China with high medicinal and gum value. Nine strains of hyphomycetous fungi were isolated from the leaf litter of E.ulmoides in Guizhou Province. Preliminary identifications based on ITS indicated that they belong to the genus Cladosporium. Morphology and phylogenetic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) of the nrDNA, the partial translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1) gene and partial of actin (act) gene confirmed that the strains represent four species, including two novel taxa, viz., Cladosporiumeucommiae and C.guizhouense and two new substrate records for known species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China,College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China,College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang Y, Cheng X, Wang H, Zhou J, Liu X, Tuovinen OH. The Characterization of Microbiome and Interactions on Weathered Rocks in a Subsurface Karst Cave, Central China. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:909494. [PMID: 35847118 PMCID: PMC9277220 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.909494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Karst caves are a natural oligotrophic subsurface biosphere widely distributed in southern China. Despite the progress in bacterial and fungal diversity, the knowledge about interactions between bacteria, fungi, and minerals is still limited in caves. Hence, for the first time, we investigated the interaction between bacteria and fungi living on weathered rocks in the Heshang Cave via high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and ITS1 genes, and co-occurrence analysis. The mineral compositions of weathered rocks were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. Bacterial communities were dominated by Actinobacteria (33.68%), followed by Alphaproteobacteria (8.78%), and Planctomycetia (8.73%). In contrast, fungal communities were dominated by Sordariomycetes (21.08%) and Dothideomycetes (14.06%). Mineral substrata, particularly phosphorus-bearing minerals, significantly impacted bacterial (hydroxyapatite) and fungal (fluorapatite) communities as indicated by the redundancy analysis. In comparison with fungi, the development of bacterial communities was more controlled by the environmental selection indicated by the overwhelming contribution of deterministic processes. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that all nodes were positively linked, indicating ubiquitous cooperation within bacterial groups and fungal groups, as well as between bacteria and fungi under oligotrophic conditions in the subsurface biosphere. In total, 19 bacterial ASVs and 34 fungal OTUs were identified as keystone taxa, suggesting the fundamental role of fungi in maintaining the microbial ecosystem on weathered rocks. Ascomycota was most dominant in keystone taxa, accounting for 26.42%, followed by Actinobacteria in bacteria (24.53%). Collectively, our results confirmed the highly diverse bacterial and fungal communities on weathered rocks, and their close cooperation to sustain the subsurface ecosystem. Phosphorus-bearing minerals were of significance in shaping epipetreous bacterial and fungal communities. These observations provide new knowledge about microbial interactions between bacteria, fungi, and minerals in the subterranean biosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China.,School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China.,School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China.,School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Olli H Tuovinen
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterization Reveals Five New Species of Samsoniella (Cordycipitaceae, Hypocreales). J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8070747. [PMID: 35887502 PMCID: PMC9321185 DOI: 10.3390/jof8070747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Samsoniella is a very important fungal resource, with some species in the genus having great medical, economic and ecological value. This study reports five new species of Samsoniella from Yunnan Province and Guizhou Province in Southwestern China and Dole Province in Vietnam, providing morphological descriptions, illustrations, phylogenetic placements, associated hosts and comparisons with allied taxa. Based on morphological observations and phylogenetic analyses of combined nrSSU, nrLSU, tef-1α, rpb1 and rpb2 sequence data, it was determined that these five new species were located in the clade of Samsoniella and different from other species of Samsoniella. The five novel species had morphologies similar to those of other species in the genus, with bright orange cylindrical to clavate stromata (gregarious). The fertile part lateral sides usually had a longitudinal ditch without producing perithecia, and superficial perithecia. The phialides had a swollen basal portion, tapering abruptly into a narrow neck and oval or fusiform one-celled conidia, often in chains. The morphological characteristics of 23 species in Samsoniella, including five novel species and 18 known taxa, were also compared in the present study.
Collapse
|
29
|
Three New Species of Microdochium (Sordariomycetes, Amphisphaeriales) on Miscanthus sinensis and Phragmites australis from Hainan, China. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8060577. [PMID: 35736060 PMCID: PMC9224723 DOI: 10.3390/jof8060577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Species in Microdochium, potential agents of biocontrol, have often been reported as plant pathogens, occasionally as endophytes and fungicolous fungi. Combining multiple molecular markers (ITS rDNA, LSU rDNA, TUB2 and RPB2) with morphological characteristics, this study proposes three new species in the genus Microdochium represented by seven strains from the plant hosts Miscanthus sinensis and Phragmites australis in Hainan Island, China. These three species, Microdochium miscanthi sp. Nov., M. sinense sp. Nov. and M. hainanense sp. Nov., are described with MycoBank number, etymology, typification, morphological features and illustrations, as well as placement on molecular phylogenetic trees. Their affinity with morphologically allied and molecularly closely related species are also analyzed. For facilitating identification, an updated key to the species of Microdochium is provided herein.
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
AbstractThe order Onygenales is classified in the class Eurotiomycetes of the subphylum Pezizomycotina. Families in this order have classically been isolated from soil and dung, and two lineages contain causative agents of superficial, cutaneous and systemic infections in mammals. The ecology and habitat choices of the species are driven mainly by the keratin and cellulose degradation abilities. The present study aimed to investigate whether the ecological trends of the members of Onygenales can be interpreted in an evolutionary sense, linking phylogenetic parameters with habitat preferences, to achieve polyphasic definitions of the main taxonomic groups. Evolutionary processes were estimated by multiple gene genealogies and divergence time analysis. Previously described families, namely, Arthrodermataceae, Ajellomycetaceae, Ascosphaeraceae, Eremascaceae, Gymnoascaceae, Onygenaceae and Spiromastigoidaceae, were accepted in Onygenales, and two new families, Malbrancheaceae and Neogymnomycetaceae, were introduced. A number of species could not be assigned to any of the defined families. Our study provides a revised overview of the main lines of taxonomy of Onygenales, supported by multilocus analyses of ITS, LSU, TUB, TEF1, TEF3, RPB1, RPB2, and ribosomal protein 60S L10 (L1) (RP60S) sequences, combined with available data on ecology, physiology, morphology, and genomics.
Collapse
|
31
|
Martin-Pozas T, Nováková A, Jurado V, Fernandez-Cortes A, Cuezva S, Saiz-Jimenez C, Sanchez-Moral S. Diversity of Microfungi in a High Radon Cave Ecosystem. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:869661. [PMID: 35572646 PMCID: PMC9093739 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.869661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Castañar Cave is a clear example of an oligotrophic ecosystem with high hygrothermal stability both seasonal and interannual and the particularity of registering extraordinary levels of environmental radiation. These environmental conditions make the cave an ideal laboratory to evaluate both the responses of the subterranean environment to sudden changes in the matter and energy fluxes with the exterior and also any impact derived from its use as a tourist resource under a very restrictive access regime. In 2008, a fungal outbreak provoked by a vomit contaminated the sediments which were removed and subsequently treated with hydrogen peroxide. Fungal surveys were carried out in 2008 and 2009. The visits were resumed in 2014. Here, 12 years after the outbreak, we present an exhaustive study on the cave sediments in order to know the distribution of the different fungal taxa, as well as the prevalence and spatio-temporal evolution of the fungi caused by the vomit over the years under the conditions of relative isolation and high radiation that characterize this cave.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Martin-Pozas
- Department of Geology, National Museum of Natural Sciences (MNCN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alena Nováková
- Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, Prague, Czechia
| | - Valme Jurado
- Department of Agrochemistry, Environmental Microbiology and Soil Conservation, Institute of Natural Resources and Agricultural Biology (IRNAS-CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | | | - Soledad Cuezva
- Department of Geology, Geography and Environment, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Cesareo Saiz-Jimenez
- Department of Agrochemistry, Environmental Microbiology and Soil Conservation, Institute of Natural Resources and Agricultural Biology (IRNAS-CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Sergio Sanchez-Moral
- Department of Geology, National Museum of Natural Sciences (MNCN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Calabon MS, Hyde KD, Jones EBG, Luo ZL, Dong W, Hurdeal VG, Gentekaki E, Rossi W, Leonardi M, Thiyagaraja V, Lestari AS, Shen HW, Bao DF, Boonyuen N, Zeng M. Freshwater fungal numbers. FUNGAL DIVERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-022-00503-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
33
|
Ai J, Guo J, Li Y, Zhong X, Lv Y, Li J, Yang A. The diversity of microbes and prediction of their functions in karst caves under the influence of human tourism activities-a case study of Zhijin Cave in Southwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:25858-25868. [PMID: 34854002 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17783-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms, sensitive to the surrounding environment changes, show how the cave environment can be impacted by human activities. Zhijin Cave, featured with the most well-developed karst landform in China, has been open to tourists for more than 30 years. This study explored the microbial diversity in a karst cave and the impacts of tourism activities on the microbial communities and the community structures of bacteria and archaea in three niches in Zhijin Cave, including the mixture of bacteria and cyanobacteria on the rock wall, the aquatic sediments, and the surface sediments, using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology. It was found that Actinobacteriota and Proteobacteria were the dominant bacteria in the cave and Crenarchaeota and Thermoplasmatota were the dominant archaea. The correlation between microorganisms and environmental variables in the cave showed that archaea were more affected by pH and ORP than bacteria and F-, Cl-, NO3-, and SO42- were all positively relevant to the distribution of most bacteria and archaea in the cave. PICRUSt's prediction of microbial functions also indicated that abundance of the bacteria's functions was higher than that of the archaea. The intention of this study was to improve the understanding, development, and protection of microbial resources in caves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ai
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 500025, China
| | - Jianeng Guo
- Management Office of Zhijin Cave Scenic Area, Bijie, 552100, Guizhou, China
| | - Yancheng Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 500025, China.
- Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China.
| | - Xiong Zhong
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 500025, China
| | - Yang Lv
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 500025, China
| | - Jiang Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 500025, China
- Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Aijiang Yang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 500025, China
- Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
|
35
|
Richness of Cladosporium in a tropical bat cave with the description of two new species. Mycol Prog 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-021-01760-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
36
|
Keratinophilic and Keratinolytic Fungi in Cave Ecosystems: A Culture-Based Study of Brestovská Cave and Demänovská Ľadová and Slobody Caves (Slovakia). APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite speleomycological research going back to the 1960s, the biodiversity of many specific groups of micromycetes in underground sites still remains unknown, including keratinolytic and keratinophilic fungi. These fungi are a frequent cause of infections in humans and animals. Since subterranean ecosystems are inhabited by various animals and are a great tourist attraction, the goal of our research was to provide the first report of keratinophilic and keratinolytic fungal species isolated from three caves in Tatra Mts., Slovakia (Brestovská, Demänovská Ľadová and Demänovská Slobody). Speleomycological investigation was carried out inside and outside the explored caves by combining culture-based techniques with genetic and phenotypic identifications. A total of 67 fungal isolates were isolated from 24 samples of soil and sediment using Vanbreuseghem hair bait and identified as 18 different fungal species. The study sites located inside the studied caves displayed much more fungal species (17 species) than outside the underground (3 species), and the highest values of the Shannon diversity index of keratinophilic and keratinolytic fungi were noted for the study sites inside the Demänovská Slobody Cave. Overall, Arthroderma quadrifidum was the most common fungal species in all soil and/or sediment samples. To the best of our knowledge, our research has allowed for the first detection of fungal species such as Arthroderma eboreum, Arthrodermainsingulare, Chrysosporiumeuropae, Chrysosporiumsiglerae, Keratinophytonwagneri, and Penicillium charlesii in underground sites. We also showed that the temperature of soil and sediments was negatively correlated with the number of isolated keratinophilic and keratinolytic fungal species in the investigated caves.
Collapse
|
37
|
Taxonomy, phylogeny, molecular dating and ancestral state reconstruction of Xylariomycetidae (Sordariomycetes). FUNGAL DIVERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-021-00495-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
38
|
Visagie C, Goodwell M, Nkwe D. Aspergillus diversity from the Gcwihaba Cave in Botswana and description of one new species. Fungal Syst Evol 2021; 8:81-89. [PMID: 35005574 PMCID: PMC8687055 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2021.08.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A fungal survey of the Gcwihaba Cave from Botswana found Aspergillus to be one of the more common fungal genera isolated. The 81 Aspergillus strains were identified using CaM sequences and comparing these to a curated reference dataset. Nineteen species were identified representing eight sections (sections Candidi, Circumdati, Flavi, Flavipedes, Nidulantes, Nigri, Terrei and Usti). One strain could not be identified. Morphological characterisation and multigene phylogenetic analyses confirmed it as a new species in section Flavipedes and we introduce it below as A. okavangoensis. The new species is most similar to A. iizukae, both producing conidiophores with vesicles typically wider than 20 μm. The new species, however, does not produce Hülle cells and its colonies grow slower than those of A. iizukae on CYA at 37 °C (14-15 vs 18-21 mm) and CREA (15-16 vs 23-41mm).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C.M. Visagie
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - M. Goodwell
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Private Bag 16, Plot 10071, Khurumela Ward, Palapye, Botswana
| | - D.O. Nkwe
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Private Bag 16, Plot 10071, Khurumela Ward, Palapye, Botswana
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Huang SK, Hyde KD, Mapook A, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Bhat JD, McKenzie EHC, Jeewon R, Wen TC. Taxonomic studies of some often over-looked Diaporthomycetidae and Sordariomycetidae. FUNGAL DIVERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-021-00488-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
40
|
Extremophilic Microorganisms in Central Europe. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9112326. [PMID: 34835450 PMCID: PMC8620676 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Extremophiles inhabit a wide variety of environments. Here we focus on extremophiles in moderate climates in central Europe, and particularly in Slovenia. Although multiple types of stress often occur in the same habitat, extremophiles are generally combined into groups according to the main stressor to which they are adapted. Several types of extremophiles, e.g., oligotrophs, are well represented and diverse in subsurface environments and karst regions. Psychrophiles thrive in ice caves and depressions with eternal snow and ice, with several globally distributed snow algae and psychrophilic bacteria that have been discovered in alpine glaciers. However, this area requires further research. Halophiles thrive in salterns while thermophiles inhabit thermal springs, although there is little data on such microorganisms in central Europe, despite many taxa being found globally. This review also includes the potential use of extremophiles in biotechnology and bioremediation applications.
Collapse
|
41
|
Wasti IG, Khan FAA, Bernard H, Hassan NH, Fayle T, Sathiya Seelan JS. Fungal communities in bat guano, speleothem surfaces, and cavern water in Madai cave, Northern Borneo (Malaysia). Mycology 2021; 12:188-202. [PMID: 34552810 PMCID: PMC8451656 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2021.1877204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The island of Borneo is a global biodiversity hotspot. However, its limestone caves are one of its least-studied ecosystems. We report for the first time the fungal species richness, diversity and abundance from Madai cave, situated in north-eastern Borneo. Environmental samples from inside the cave environment were collected (guano, speleothem, and cavern water) via opportunistic sampling. The dilution method was performed for isolation of fungi. Morphological characterisation and molecular analysis of the ITS region were utilised for the identification of isolates. Fifty-five pure cultures of fungi were attained, comprising 32 species from 15 genera, eight orders, and two divisions, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Ascomycetes dominated the fungal composition, accounting for 53 (96%) out of 55 total isolates. Penicillium spp. accounted for more than 47.1% of fungal abundance in all sample types. However, Aspergillus spp. had the highest occurrence rate, being isolated from all environmental samples except one. Purpureocillium lilacinum was isolated most frequently, appearing in five separate samples across all three substrates. Annulohypoxylon nitens, Ganoderma australe, Pyrrhoderma noxium, and Xylaria feejeensis were discovered and reported for the first time from the cave environment. This study provides additional data for further research on the mycoflora of Sabah’s various ecosystems, especially limestone caves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahem G Wasti
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.,Faculty of Natural Science and Sustainability, University College Sabah Foundation, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Faisal Ali Anwarali Khan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Henry Bernard
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Noor Haliza Hassan
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Tom Fayle
- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jaya Seelan Sathiya Seelan
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Li Q, Gong X, Zhang X, Pi Y, Long S, Wu Y, Shen X, Kang Y, Kang J. Phylogeny of Graphostromatacea with two new species (Biscogniauxia glaucae sp. nov. and Graphostroma guizhouensis sp. nov.) and new record of Camillea broomeana isolated in China. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:6119-6129. [PMID: 34550408 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02574-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the process of studying the diversity of Xylariales in China, three species owning characteristics of Graphostromataceae were observed in China. Morphology of the described species with illustrations and their phylogeny based on regions of internal transcribed spacers (ITS), the second-largest subunit of the RNA polymerase II (RPB2), β-tubulin (TUB2) and α-actin (ACT) are provided. Two new species and one new record from China are identified. Morphologically, Biscogniauxia glaucae sp. nov. differs from B. atropunctata var. maritima, B. citriformis var. macrospora, B. fuscella and B. mediterranea by its stromata with raised margins, clear outlines, punctate ostioles openings and ascospores which are equilateral with broadly rounded ends, a straight spore-length germ slit on the more concave side, lacking appendages and sheathes. Graphostroma guizhouensis is identified as a new species based on the multi-gene phylogenetic tree. Camillea broomeana with scanning electron microscope description of ascospores is illustrated as a new record from China. Cryptostroma is proposed in Graphostromataceae based on molecular data. Vivantia is accepted in Graphostromataceae based on its morphological characteristics and Nodulisporiurn anamorphs which are similar to those of Biscogniauxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qirui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province (The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.,The Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources of National Education Ministry of China, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Gong
- Guizhou Science and Technology Information Center, Guiyang, 550002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yinhui Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Sihan Long
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Youpeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Xiangchun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province (The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yingqian Kang
- Departments of Microbiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jichuan Kang
- The Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources of National Education Ministry of China, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Evaluation of Plant Origin Essential Oils as Herbal Biocides for the Protection of Caves Belonging to Natural and Cultural Heritage Sites. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091836. [PMID: 34576731 PMCID: PMC8470480 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study concerns the serious issue of biodeterioration of the caves belonging to natural and cultural heritage sites due to the development of various microorganisms. Thus, a series of 18 essential oils (EOs) extracted from various Greek plants were evaluated in vitro (concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0% v/v) against 35 bacterial and 31 fungi isolates (isolated from a Greek cave) and the antimicrobial activity was evident through the changes in optical density of microbial suspensions. In continuance, eight (8) representative bacterial and fungal isolates were further used to evaluate the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and non-inhibitory concentration (NIC) values of the most effective EOs. According to the results, two EOs of Origanum vulgare were the most effective by inhibiting the growth of all the tested microorganisms at 0.1% (v/v), followed by that of Satureja thymbra which inhibited all bacterial isolates at 0.1% (v/v) and fungal isolates at 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5% (v/v) (depending on the isolate). The MIC ranged between 0.015–0.157 and 0.013–0.156 (v/v) for the bacterial and fungal isolates respectively, depending on the case. The current study demonstrated that conventional biocides may be replaced by herbal biocides with significant prospects for commercial exploitation.
Collapse
|
44
|
Chen WH, Han YF, Liang JD, Liang ZQ. Taxonomic and phylogenetic characterizations reveal four new species of Simplicillium (Cordycipitaceae, Hypocreales) from Guizhou, China. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15300. [PMID: 34316013 PMCID: PMC8316311 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94893-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simplicillium species are commonly found from soil, seawater, rock surface, decayed wood, air and as symbiotic, endophytic, entomopathogenic and mycoparasitic fungi. Minority insect-associated species was reported. Simplicillium coccinellidae, S. hymenopterorum, S. neolepidopterorum and S. scarabaeoidea were introduced as the newly insect-associated species. The phylogenetic analyses of two combined datasets (LSU + RPB1 + TEF and SSU + ITS + LSU) revealed that S. coccinellidae and S. hymenopterorum were both nested in an independent clade. S. neolepidopterorum and S. scarabaeoidea have a close relationship with S. formicidae and S. lepidopterorum, respectively. S. neolepidopterorum can be easily distinguished from S. formicidae by ellipsoidal to cylindrical, solitary conidia which occasionally gather in short imbricate chains. S. scarabaeoidea could be easily distinguished from S. lepodopterorum by having longer phialides and larger conidia. Based on the morphological and phylogenetic conclusion, we determine the four newly generated isolates as new species of Simplicillium and a new combination is proposed in the genus Leptobacillium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Hao Chen
- Basic Medical School, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Feng Han
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Fungus Resources, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Dong Liang
- Basic Medical School, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zong-Qi Liang
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Fungus Resources, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Sanchez-Moral S, Jurado V, Fernandez-Cortes A, Cuezva S, Martin-Pozas T, Gonzalez-Pimentel JL, Ontañon R, Saiz-Jimenez C. Environment-driven control of fungi in subterranean ecosystems: the case of La Garma Cave (northern Spain). Int Microbiol 2021; 24:573-591. [PMID: 34292448 PMCID: PMC8616876 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-021-00193-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Airborne microorganisms can cause important conservation problems in caves with Paleolithic art and therefore the knowledge of cave aerodynamic is essential. La Garma Cave (Cantabria, Spain), an exceptional archaeological site with several levels of galleries interconnected and two entrances, presents a complex atmospheric dynamics. An approach including aerobiological sampling together with microclimate monitoring was applied to assess the factors controlling the origin of airborne fungi. Here we show that winter ventilation is critical for the increasing of Basidiomycota spores in the cave air and the highest concentrations were found in the most ventilated areas. On the contrary, Ascomycota spores prevailed in absence of ventilation. Besides, most Ascomycota were linked to insects and bats that visit or inhabit the cave. The combination of aerobiological and microclimate data constitutes a good approach to evaluate the influence of external climatic conditions and design the most suitable strategies for the conservation of cultural heritage in the cave environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Valme Jurado
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologia (IRNAS-CSIC), 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Soledad Cuezva
- Departamento de Geologia, Geografia y Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Alcala de Henares, 28805, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Roberto Ontañon
- Museo de Prehistoria y Arqueologia de Cantabria, 39009, Santander, Spain
| | - Cesareo Saiz-Jimenez
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologia (IRNAS-CSIC), 41012, Sevilla, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Diversity and Seasonal Dynamics of Airborne Fungi in Nerja Cave, Spain. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11136236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nerja Cave, Southern Spain, was revealed as an important biodiversity reservoir from which several novel species of Aspergillus were described. We carried out an aerobiological study in Nerja Cave to assess the origin of airborne fungi. This study quantified the fungi present in the air of ten representative halls covering the three sectors comprising the cave: Touristic Galleries, High Galleries, and New Galleries. Microclimatological monitoring allowed us to understand the dynamic of airborne fungi in two seasons of the year (winter and summer), corresponding to the strongest and the lowest cave ventilation, and to validate the influence that the transport of airborne fungi from outside may have on the cave itself. The data show that cold air enters in winter, as confirmed by the abundant presence of Aspergillus and Penicillium spores inside and outside the cave. In summer, the abundance of some fungi in the air of Nerja Cave, which are not detected outside, indicates a stagnation or low ventilation, and therefore, the concentration of fungal spores is maxima. The high occurrence of Cladosporium outside the cave and the scarce abundance inside support the cave stagnation in this season.
Collapse
|
47
|
Crous P, Hernández-Restrepo M, Schumacher R, Cowan D, Maggs-Kölling G, Marais E, Wingfield M, Yilmaz N, Adan O, Akulov A, Duarte EÁ, Berraf-Tebbal A, Bulgakov T, Carnegie A, de Beer Z, Decock C, Dijksterhuis J, Duong T, Eichmeier A, Hien L, Houbraken J, Khanh T, Liem N, Lombard L, Lutzoni F, Miadlikowska J, Nel W, Pascoe I, Roets F, Roux J, Samson R, Shen M, Spetik M, Thangavel R, Thanh H, Thao L, van Nieuwenhuijzen E, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Groenewald J. New and Interesting Fungi. 4. Fungal Syst Evol 2021; 7:255-343. [PMID: 34124627 PMCID: PMC8165967 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2021.07.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
An order, family and genus are validated, seven new genera, 35 new species, two new combinations, two epitypes, two lectotypes, and 17 interesting new host and / or geographical records are introduced in this study. Validated order, family and genus: Superstratomycetales and Superstratomycetaceae (based on Superstratomyces ). New genera: Haudseptoria (based on Haudseptoria typhae); Hogelandia (based on Hogelandia lambearum); Neoscirrhia (based on Neoscirrhia osmundae); Nothoanungitopsis (based on Nothoanungitopsis urophyllae); Nothomicrosphaeropsis (based on Nothomicrosphaeropsis welwitschiae); Populomyces (based on Populomyces zwinianus); Pseudoacrospermum (based on Pseudoacrospermum goniomae). New species: Apiospora sasae on dead culms of Sasa veitchii (Netherlands); Apiospora stipae on dead culms of Stipa gigantea (Spain); Bagadiella eucalyptorum on leaves of Eucalyptus sp. (Australia); Calonectria singaporensis from submerged leaf litter (Singapore); Castanediella neomalaysiana on leaves of Eucalyptus sp. (Malaysia); Colletotrichum pleopeltidis on leaves of Pleopeltis sp. (South Africa); Coniochaeta deborreae from soil (Netherlands); Diaporthe durionigena on branches of Durio zibethinus (Vietnam); Floricola juncicola on dead culm of Juncus sp. (France); Haudseptoria typhae on leaf sheath of Typha sp. (Germany); Hogelandia lambearum from soil (Netherlands); Lomentospora valparaisensis from soil (Chile); Neofusicoccum mystacidii on dead stems of Mystacidium capense (South Africa); Neomycosphaerella guibourtiae on leaves of Guibourtia sp. (Angola); Niesslia neoexosporioides on dead leaves of Carex paniculata (Germany); Nothoanungitopsis urophyllae on seed capsules of Eucalyptus urophylla (South Africa); Nothomicrosphaeropsis welwitschiae on dead leaves of Welwitschia mirabilis (Namibia); Paracremonium bendijkiorum from soil (Netherlands); Paraphoma ledniceana on dead wood of Buxus sempervirens (Czech Republic); Paraphoma salicis on leaves of Salix cf. alba (Ukraine); Parasarocladium wereldwijsianum from soil (Netherlands); Peziza ligni on masonry and plastering (France); Phyllosticta phoenicis on leaves of Phoenix reclinata (South Africa); Plectosphaerella slobbergiarum from soil (Netherlands); Populomyces zwinianus from soil (Netherlands); Pseudoacrospermum goniomae on leaves of Gonioma kamassi (South Africa); Pseudopyricularia festucae on leaves of Festuca californica (USA); Sarocladium sasijaorum from soil (Netherlands); Sporothrix hypoxyli in sporocarp of Hypoxylon petriniae on Fraxinus wood (Netherlands); Superstratomyces albomucosus on Pycnanthus angolensis (Netherlands); Superstratomyces atroviridis on Pinus sylvestris (Netherlands); Superstratomyces flavomucosus on leaf of Hakea multilinearis (Australia); Superstratomyces tardicrescens from human eye specimen (USA); Taeniolella platani on twig of Platanus hispanica (Germany), and Tympanis pini on twigs of Pinus sylvestris (Spain). Citation: Crous PW, Hernández-Restrepo M, Schumacher RK, Cowan DA, Maggs-Kölling G, Marais E, Wingfield MJ, Yilmaz N, Adan OCG, Akulov A, Álvarez Duarte E, Berraf-Tebbal A, Bulgakov TS, Carnegie AJ, de Beer ZW, Decock C, Dijksterhuis J, Duong TA, Eichmeier A, Hien LT, Houbraken JAMP, Khanh TN, Liem NV, Lombard L, Lutzoni FM, Miadlikowska JM, Nel WJ, Pascoe IG, Roets F, Roux J, Samson RA, Shen M, Spetik M, Thangavel R, Thanh HM, Thao LD, van Nieuwenhuijzen EJ, Zhang JQ, Zhang Y, Zhao LL, Groenewald JZ (2021). New and Interesting Fungi. 4. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 7: 255-343. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2021.07.13.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P.W. Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - M. Hernández-Restrepo
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - D.A. Cowan
- Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - E. Marais
- Gobabeb-Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, Namibia
| | - M.J. Wingfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - N. Yilmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - O.C.G. Adan
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - A. Akulov
- Department of Mycology and Plant Resistance, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Maidan Svobody 4, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - E. Álvarez Duarte
- Mycology Unit, Microbiology and Mycology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - A. Berraf-Tebbal
- Mendeleum – Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valtická 334, Lednice, 69144, Czech Republic
| | - T.S. Bulgakov
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yana Fabritsiusa street 2/28, 354002 Sochi, Krasnodar region, Russia
| | - A.J. Carnegie
- Forest Health & Biosecurity, Forest Science, NSW Department of Primary Industries - Forestry, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, Australia
- School of Environment Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia
| | - Z.W. de Beer
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - C. Decock
- Mycothèque de l’Université catholique de Louvain (MUCL, BCCMTM), Earth and Life Institute – ELIM – Mycology, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2 bte L7.05.25, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - J. Dijksterhuis
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - T.A. Duong
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - A. Eichmeier
- Mendeleum – Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valtická 334, Lednice, 69144, Czech Republic
| | - L.T. Hien
- Division of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Duc Thang, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - J.A.M.P. Houbraken
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - T.N. Khanh
- Division of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Duc Thang, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - N.V. Liem
- Division of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Duc Thang, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - L. Lombard
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - F.M. Lutzoni
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | | | - W.J. Nel
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - I.G. Pascoe
- 30 Beach Road, Rhyll, Victoria 3923, Australia
| | - F. Roets
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - J. Roux
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - R.A. Samson
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M. Shen
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, P.O. Box 61, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - M. Spetik
- Mendeleum – Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valtická 334, Lednice, 69144, Czech Republic
| | - R. Thangavel
- Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries, P.O. Box 2095, Auckland 1140, New Zealand
| | - H.M. Thanh
- Division of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Duc Thang, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - L.D. Thao
- Division of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Duc Thang, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - J.Q. Zhang
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, P.O. Box 61, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Y. Zhang
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, P.O. Box 61, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - L.L. Zhao
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, P.O. Box 61, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - J.Z. Groenewald
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Fungal diversity driven by bark features affects phorophyte preference in epiphytic orchids from southern China. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11287. [PMID: 34050223 PMCID: PMC8163780 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90877-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epiphytic orchids exhibit varying degrees of phorophyte tree specificity. We performed a pilot study to investigate why epiphytic orchids prefer or avoid certain trees. We selected two orchid species, Panisea uniflora and Bulbophyllum odoratissimum co-occurring in a forest habitat in southern China, where they showed a specific association with Quercus yiwuensis and Pistacia weinmannifolia trees, respectively. We analysed a number of environmental factors potentially influencing the relationship between orchids and trees. Difference in bark features, such as water holding capacity and pH were recorded between Q. yiwuensis and P. weinmannifolia, which could influence both orchid seed germination and fungal diversity on the two phorophytes. Morphological and molecular culture-based methods, combined with metabarcoding analyses, were used to assess fungal communities associated with studied orchids and trees. A total of 162 fungal species in 74 genera were isolated from bark samples. Only two genera, Acremonium and Verticillium, were shared by the two phorophyte species. Metabarcoding analysis confirmed the presence of significantly different fungal communities on the investigated tree and orchid species, with considerable similarity between each orchid species and its host tree, suggesting that the orchid-host tree association is influenced by the fungal communities of the host tree bark.
Collapse
|
49
|
Liang M, Lyu HN, Ma ZY, Li EW, Cai L, Yin WB. Genomics-driven discovery of a new cyclodepsipeptide from the guanophilic fungus Amphichorda guana. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1960-1964. [PMID: 33599675 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00100k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Two potential non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) were identified in the genome of a guanophilic fungus Amphichorda guana by bioinformatics analysis and gene knockout experiments. Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) guided isolation led to the discovery of a new cyclodepsipeptide isaridin H (1) and seven known analogs, desmethylisaridin E (2), isaridin E (3), isariin A (4), iso-isariin B (5), iso-isariin D (6), isariin E (7), and nodupetide (8). The absolute configuration of isaridin H (1) was achieved by Marfey's method. Isaridin H (1) showed significant antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria solani.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology and CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P.R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hai-Ning Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology and CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P.R. China. and Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zi-Ying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology and CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P.R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Er-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology and CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P.R. China.
| | - Lei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology and CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P.R. China.
| | - Wen-Bing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology and CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P.R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wanasinghe DN, Mortimer PE, Xu J. Insight into the Systematics of Microfungi Colonizing Dead Woody Twigs of Dodonaea viscosa in Honghe (China). J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7030180. [PMID: 33802406 PMCID: PMC7999967 DOI: 10.3390/jof7030180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of Dodonaea are broadly distributed across subtropical and tropical areas of southwest and southern China. This host provides multiple substrates that can be richly colonized by numerous undescribed fungal species. There is a severe lack of microfungal studies on Dodonaea in China, and consequently, the diversity, phylogeny and taxonomy of these microorganisms are all largely unknown. This paper presents two new genera and four new species in three orders of Dothideomycetes gathered from dead twigs of Dodonaea viscosa in Honghe, China. All new collections were made within a selected area in Honghe from a single Dodonaea sp. This suggests high fungal diversity in the region and the existence of numerous species awaiting discovery. Multiple gene sequences (non-translated loci and protein-coding regions) were analysed with maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses. Results from the phylogenetic analyses supported placing Haniomyces dodonaeae gen. et sp. in the Teratosphaeriaceae family. Analysis of Rhytidhysteron sequences resulted in Rhytidhysteron hongheense sp. nov., while analysed Lophiostomataceae sequences revealed Lophiomurispora hongheensis gen. et sp. nov. Finally, phylogeny based on a combined dataset of pyrenochaeta-like sequences demonstrates strong statistical support for placing Quixadomyceshongheensis sp. nov. in Parapyrenochaetaceae. Morphological and updated phylogenetic circumscriptions of the new discoveries are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia (KLPB), Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China;
- World Agroforestry, East and Central Asia, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
- Honghe Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Honghe County 654400, Yunnan, China
| | - Peter E. Mortimer
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia (KLPB), Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China;
- World Agroforestry, East and Central Asia, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
- Correspondence: (P.E.M.); (J.X.); Tel.: +86-158-8784-3793 (P.E.M.); +86-138-0870-8795 (J.X.)
| | - Jianchu Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia (KLPB), Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China;
- World Agroforestry, East and Central Asia, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
- Honghe Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Honghe County 654400, Yunnan, China
- Correspondence: (P.E.M.); (J.X.); Tel.: +86-158-8784-3793 (P.E.M.); +86-138-0870-8795 (J.X.)
| |
Collapse
|