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Lee JH, Park YM, Kim J, Kwon GC, Kim SY. Assessing the performance and utility of targeted next-generation sequencing for screening and genotyping of human papillomaviruses. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 109:116216. [PMID: 38479093 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
A next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based Ezplex HPV NGS kit (SML Genetree, Seoul, Korea) was used for human papillomavirus (HPV) screening. Of 885 cervical swab samples, HPV was detected in 162 samples. High-risk HPVs were detected in 82 samples, and other types of HPV were detected in 13 samples (HPV86, 71, 102, 91, and 114). At the read depth ≥ 500, NGS results exhibited 100 % agreement among repeated tests. HPV NGS results were compared with those of real-time PCR assays, Anyplex HPV28 (Seegene, Seoul, Korea) (n = 383) and Cobas HPV (Roche, Mannheim, Germany) (n = 64); concordances were 92.4 % and 95.0 %, respectively. Sanger sequencing of discordant results (n = 13) produced compatible results with those of HPV NGS. Pap smear abnormalities were detected in 31 patients (3.5 %), and 19 patients had high-risk HPV. Using HPV NGS for screening, rare HPV subtypes were detected, and quantitative values were obtained as read depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hoon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yun Mi Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jimyung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Gye Cheol Kwon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seon Young Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
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Liu Q, Zhang T, Chen L, Zhou X, Zhang X, Zheng W, Niu S, Zhou F. Correlation of immediate prevalence of cervical precancers and cancers with HPV genotype and age in women with ASC-US/hrHPV+: a retrospective analysis of 2292 cases. J Clin Pathol 2024; 77:338-342. [PMID: 36653168 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2022-208580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To stratify the risk of cervical precancers (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS)) and cancers (squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma) based on distinct high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) genotypes as well as age groups among women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and hrHPV+results. METHODS In total, 2292 cases of ASC-US/hrHPV+ with immediate follow-up biopsy results were included in the study for prevalence analysis. RESULTS Overall, 12.2% women with ASC-US /hrHPV+ had HSIL+ while 0.22% had AIS+ lesions. The HPV-16+ group (31.6%) showed significantly higher prevalence of HSIL+ squamous lesions than other genotype groups (p<0.0001). The prevalence of SCC is significantly higher in HPV-16+ (1.8%) or HPV-18/45+ (1.1%) group than women in other genotype groups (0.1%) (p<0.0001). The HPV-18/45+ group (1.7%) showed significantly higher prevalence of AIS+ glandular lesions than other genotype groups (p=0.003). In addition, SCC prevalence was significantly higher in age over 50 group than that in age under 50 group (1.2% vs 0.2%, p=0.012). CONCLUSION Women with ASC-US/hrHPV+ are at significant risk of cervical precancers and cancers; notably, HPV-16+ group has a higher risk of HSIL squamous lesions and SCC while HPV-18/45+ group has a higher risk of AIS+ glandular lesions. In addition, the older patient group (>50 years) has a significantly higher risk of SCC. Therefore, HPV genotyping as well as patient age need to be considered in the clinical management of patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Women'sHospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liqing Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Women'sHospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Women'sHospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenxin Zheng
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Parkland Hospital, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Shuang Niu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Parkland Hospital, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Women'sHospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Pisani T, Cenci M. Prevalence of Multiple High Risk Human Papilloma Virus (HR-HPV) Infections in Cervical Cancer Screening in Lazio Region, Italy. CANCER DIAGNOSIS & PROGNOSIS 2024; 4:42-45. [PMID: 38173657 PMCID: PMC10758846 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Background/Aim It has been well established that human papilloma virus (HPV) is the major cause of cervical pre-cancerous lesions and cervical cancer. Extended HPV genotyping has pointed out that co-infections with multiple high-risk (HR)-HPV genotypes not only is possible and quite frequent, but also has different prognoses. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of co-infections in women tested for HR-HPV in the national cervical cancer screening program of Lazio (Italy). Patients and Methods From June 1st to November 30th 2022, we analyzed 30,445 samples of women aged between 30 and 64 years, using the Anyplex TM II HPV HR Detection test by Seegene (Arrow), which identifies 14 HPV genotypes: 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68. The data were analyzed using the SG STATS platform. Results In total, 4,244 (13.94%) were positive: 3,290 (77.52%) showed a single genotype infection and 954 (22.48%) an infection with 2 to 5 different genotypes. In 721 (75.60%) cases, two different genotypes were detected, in 191 (20.00%) there were three genotypes, in 41 (4.30%) cases there were four genotypes and in only one case (0.10%) five different genotypes were detected. HPV 16 (262 cases of co-infections) was associated in 27 cases with HPV 31 genotype, in 25 cases with HPV 68 and in 18 cases with HPV 58. Conclusion HPV 16 was the most frequent genotype detected in co-infections. Immunity status, vaccination, lifestyle, and other possible risk factors, such as the combination of the HR-HPV genotype multiple infections, may influence the development and progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Pisani
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Patologia Clinica, Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni-Addolorata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cenci
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Patologia Clinica, Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni-Addolorata, Rome, Italy
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Cenci M, Rossi F, Pisani T. Detection of 14 High-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Genotypes Within the Italian Cervical Cancer Screening. In Vivo 2023; 37:2161-2165. [PMID: 37652482 PMCID: PMC10500497 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The identification of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV) genotypes is important both for epidemiological purposes and because the persistence of an HPV infection with the same genotype is a necessary condition for the development of cervical cancer. The purpose of this study was to analyze the prevalence of HR HPV genotypes in women enrolled in the national program for cervical cancer screening in Lazio Region, Italy. PATIENTS AND METHODS From April to November 2022, we evaluated 30,445 samples using the Anyplex TM II HPV HR Detection test (Seegene), which identifies 14 HR HPV: 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, and 68. The data were analyzed using the SG STATS platform. RESULTS In total, 4,244 samples tested positive (13.9%); 3,290 samples (77.5%) were positive for one of the genotypes tested, and 954 (22.5%) were positive for more than one HPV genotype. The total prevalence (considering both single infection and co-infections) of the different genotypes was: HPV 16 755 cases (13.8%), HPV 31 704 (12.9%), HPV 68 580 (10.6%), HPV 66 436 (8.0%), HPV 52 413 (7.5%), HPV 58 411 (7.5%), HPV 51 400 (7.3%), HPV 56 366 (6.7%), HPV 39 293 (5.3%), HPV 59 260 (4.8%), HPV 45 231 (4.2%), HPV 33 230 (4.2%), HPV 18 222 (4.0%), HPV 35 173 (3.2%). Our results indicate that HPV 16 and 31 are the most prevalent genotypes in the Lazio region followed by HPV 68, 66, 52, 58, and 51. CONCLUSION The extended genotyping test allows a better risk stratification and the identification of multiple HPV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cenci
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Patologia Clinica, Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni-Addolorata, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Rossi
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Patologia Clinica, Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni-Addolorata, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pisani
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Patologia Clinica, Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni-Addolorata, Rome, Italy
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Dom-Chima N, Ajang YA, Dom-Chima CI, Biswas-Fiss E, Aminu M, Biswas SB. Human papillomavirus spectrum of HPV-infected women in Nigeria: an analysis by next-generation sequencing and type-specific PCR. Virol J 2023; 20:144. [PMID: 37434253 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02106-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical cancer are leading health problems and causes of death in many parts of the world. There are ~ 200 HPV types that can infect humans. This study aims to understand the spectrum of HPV infections in Nigerian women with normal or abnormal cytology. METHODS We screened cervical samples from 90 women with possible HPV infections collected in two regional hospitals in Nigeria. The first screening was done using next-generation DNA sequencing (NGS), identifying multiple HPV types in many samples. Thereafter, type-specific PCR analysis was used to verify the NGS-identified HPV types in each sample. RESULTS NGS analysis of the 90 samples from the Nigerian cohort identified 44 HPV types. The type-specific PCR confirmed 25 HPV types out of the 44 HPV types detected by NGS, and ~ 10 of these types were the most prevalent. The top five prevalent types found in the Nigerian cohort were HPV71 (17%), HPV82 (15%), HPV16 (16%), HPV6 (10%), and HPV20 (7%). Among the PCR-confirmed HPV types, we found 40.98% high-risk HPV types, 27.22% low-risk HPV types, and 31.15% undetermined HPV types. Among these 25 HPV types in Nigeria, only six were included in the current nine-valent HPV vaccine. We also observed strikingly high multiple HPV infections in most patients, with as many as nine HPV types in a few single samples. CONCLUSIONS Our NGS-PCR approach of HPV typing in the Nigerian cohort samples unveiled all possible HPV types currently circulating in Nigerian people. We confirmed 25 HPV types using NGS and PCR, with many samples infected with multiple HPV types. However, only six of these types are part of the nine-valent HPV vaccines indicating the need to develop region-specific selective vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngozi Dom-Chima
- Department of Medical and Molecular Science, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | | | | | - Esther Biswas-Fiss
- Department of Medical and Molecular Science, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Maryam Aminu
- Department of Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Subhasis B Biswas
- Department of Medical and Molecular Science, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
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Lan Z, Zhang J, Li H, He R, Zhao Q, Yang F. Prevalence of human papillomavirus genotypes and related cervical morphological results in southern Hunan Province of China, 2018-2020: Baseline measures at a tertiary institution prior to mass human papillomavirus vaccination. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1094560. [PMID: 36687652 PMCID: PMC9845708 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1094560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is closely correlated with cervical lesions. However, the HPV prevalence varies among different districts. This retrospective study investigated the HPV genotype distribution and its relationship with cervical lesions in southern Hunan Province. Methods The database at our Pathology Department was searched for HPV and morphological results during 2018-2020 were reviewed. A total of 49,955 gynaecological inpatients and outpatients, each of whom underwent HPV testing based on the amplification of L1 sequence and reverse dot blot hybridization, were included in this study. Available cytology and relevant histological examination results were reviewed. Enrolled cases were categorized into seven groups based on their age. Household registry and educational level were evaluated. Results Seven thousand two hundred eighty-six females were positive for HPV and the overall HPV positivity rate was 14.59%. The top five most prevalent HPV genotypes were HPV52, 16, 58, 53 and 51 (22.98%, 17.54%, 14.29%, 7.47%, and 5.70%, respectively). The HPV prevalence curve specific to the seven age groups showed a bimodal distribution. High school education or blow and rural residence served as risk factors for HPV infection. Single infection was the main type of HPV infection, and multiple infections occurred in 21.92% of the infected women. Of 3,148 cases had cytological results, 1,149 (36.50%) had abnormal cytological abnormalities. Among 2,833 participants with histological examination, 2000 (70.60%) had cervical abnormalities. Cytological and pathological abnormalities were mainly associated with infection with HPV16, 52 and 58. Further analysis found that HPV16, 58, 52 and 33 were the main genotypes associated with high-grade squamous lesions (HSIL) and that HPV16, 31, 33 and 58 were independent risk factors for HSIL (odd ratio [OR] = 1.70, 1.99, 2.59, 2.29; 95% CI = 1.41-2.03, 1.17-3.41, 1.88-3.59, 1.85-2.82; all p < 0.05). HPV16, 58, 52, 18 and 33 were the most frequent genotypes detected in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients, and HPV16 and 18 were independent risk factors for cervical carcinomas (OR = 6.72;95% CI = 5.48-8.25; p < 0.001; OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.22-2.30; p = 0.001). Conclusion This retrospective study demonstrated the prevalence and the distribution characteristics of HPV infection and its correlation with cervical lesions in southern Hunan Province. The comprehensive results of this survey can guide HPV vaccine research to protect against some common genotypes in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Lan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hongtao Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Rongfang He
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China,*Correspondence: Fang Yang, ✉
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Yang D, Zhang J, Cui X, Ma J, Wang C, Piao H. Status and epidemiological characteristics of high-risk human papillomavirus infection in multiple centers in Shenyang. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:985561. [PMID: 36187989 PMCID: PMC9520659 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.985561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The different human papillomavirus (HPV) strains cause warts in various regions of the body. However, considering that the status and genotype distribution of HPV infection in women in Shenyang remain unknown, herein, we investigated the epidemiological characteristics of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infection in women in Shenyang, as well as the current state of HPV infection in Shenyang, to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. From December 2018 to December 2021, 6,432 urban and rural women from the Liaoning Cancer Hospital and the Sujiatun Women and Infants’ Hospital were assessed via the Thinprep cytology test (TCT) and HR-HPV detection. Of the 5,961 women enrolled, 739 were HPV positive (12.40%) and 562 were TCT positive (9.43%). Statistical analyses identified the following HPV risk factors: high school education or lower [OR = 1.426 (1.199–1.696), p < 0.001], age at first sexual encounter ≤ 19 years [OR = 1.496 (1.008–2.220), p = 0.046], and number of sexual partners > 1 [OR = 1.382 (1.081–1.768), p = 0.010], atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and above [OR = 10.788 (8.912–13.060), p < 0.001], non-condom-based contraception [OR = 1.437 (1.103–1.871), p = 0.007], nationalities other than Han [OR = 1.690 (1.187–2.406), p = 0.004], rural residence [OR = 1.210 (1.031–1.419), p = 0.020]. Compared to the HPV infection rate of women aged 56–65, that in women aged 35–45 [OR = 0.687 (0.549–0.860), p = 0.001] and 46–55 [OR = 0.740 (0.622–0.879), p = 0.001] decreased significantly. To conclude, risk factors of HPV infection among female patients include high school age and below, initial sexual encounter at age ≤ 19 years, number of sexual partners > 1, ASCUS and above, non-condom contraception, nationalities other than Han nationality and rural population. Collectively, this study provides insights for the improved prevention and treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoli Cui
- Department of Gynecology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Chunyan Wang,
| | - Haozhe Piao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Haozhe Piao,
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Huang W, Xu H, Hu H, Zhang D, Liu Y, Guo Y, Xiao F, Chen W, Ma Z. The prevalence of human papillomavirus among women in northern Guangdong Province of China. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13353. [PMID: 35922661 PMCID: PMC9349279 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17632-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, cervical cancer, whose etiologic factor is Human papillomavirus (HPV), is the third most common cancer among women. In cervical cancer screening, HPV testing is important. However, the prevalence of HPV in northern Guangdong Province has not been conclusively determined. A total of 100,994 women attending Yuebei People's Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University Medical College between 2012 and 2020 were recruited. HPV was tested by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based hybridization gene chip assay. The prevalence of HPV among these women was established to be19.04%. Peak prevalence was observed in women aged 40-49 (7.29%). Besides, the prevalence of single-type HPV infection (14.46%) was significantly high, compared to multiple-type infection (4.58%) (p < 0.01), while the prevalence of high-risk HPV infection (19.97%) was significantly higher than that of low-risk genotypes (5.48%) (p < 0.01). The most prevalent high-risk genotypes were HPV52 (4.16%), HPV16 (2.98%), HPV58 (2.15%), HPV53 (1.58%) and HPV68 (1.34%). HPV co-infection with up to 10 genotypes was reported for the first time. Our findings suggested a high burden of HPV infections among women in northern Guangdong. Establishing the prevalence and genotype distribution characteristics of HPV infections in the region can contribute to cervical cancer prevention through HPV vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Huang
- Yuebei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512026, China
| | - Hongyan Xu
- Yuebei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512026, China
| | - Hongbo Hu
- Yuebei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512026, China
| | - Dingmei Zhang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yulan Liu
- Yuebei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512026, China
| | - Yanle Guo
- Yuebei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512026, China
| | - Fengjin Xiao
- Yuebei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512026, China
| | - Weijuan Chen
- Yuebei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512026, China
| | - Zhanzhong Ma
- Yuebei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512026, China
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AĞAR M, AYAR MADENLİ A, GÜRBÜZ T. Human papillomavirus prevalence in unexplained infertile women with chronic endometritis. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.32322/jhsm.1111517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This study investigates unexplained infertile women with or without chronic endometritis (CE) and examines the prevalence of the human papillomavirus (HPV) in this population.
Material and Method: This study was done with a cross-sectional and retrospective method. The prevalence of HPV infection and related cases in the participants were examined. In this study, 15 infertile women with CE and 64 infertile women without CE were and analyzed from four perspectives: negative HPV, low-risk HPV, probable high-risk HPV, and the presence of high-risk HPV.
Results: The participants have mean age of 32.89 years ±3.95. High-risk HPV infection was detected in 3 (20%) and 11 (17%) of the patients with and without CE, respectively (p>0.05). The negative HPV (2 (13%) and 17 (26%)), low-risk HPV (3 (20%) and 20 (31%)), and probable high-risk HPV (7 (46%) and 16 (25%)) in infertile women with CE and infertile women had no significantly different prevalence (p>0.05). The two studied groups had no significantly different mean age, body mass index (BMI), and Infertility duration were not in (P=0.08, P=0.932, and P=0.283, respectively).
Conclusion: HPV has no significantly different prevalence in unexplained infertile women with and without CE. It is recommended that this study be repeated with more unexplained infertile women with CE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tuğba GÜRBÜZ
- Medistate Hospital, Gynecology and Obstetric Clinic ,Istanbul/Turkey
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Comparison of Seegene Anyplex II HPV28 assay with BD Onclarity HPV assay for human papillomavirus genotyping. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267836. [PMID: 35802570 PMCID: PMC9269746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Presently, human papillomavirus (HPV)-based cervical cancer screening is commonly used and is replacing conventional cytology screening tests. The HPV genotyping assay is useful for triage in cervical cancer screening and the evaluation of HPV vaccination effects. In this study, we evaluated the clinical performance of two HPV genotyping assays, BD Onclarity HPV (Onclarity) and Seegene Anyplex II HPV28 (Anyplex) in the detection of relevant cervical lesions and for HPV genotyping concordance. Anyplex and Onclarity assays were performed on 920 consecutive liquid-based specimens. Anyplex, sensitivity, specificity, and genotyping concordance with Onclarity were optimal when restricted to ≥2+ (medium) viral loads. HPV genotyping agreement between the two assays ranged between 0.75 and 0.9 (excellent), except for HPV 33/58, which was 0.73 (good). With Onclarity as a reference, the relative sensitivity of Anyplex for the detection of ≥CIN 2 was 1.05 (95% CI: 0.99–1.1) and the relative specificity for detection of negative for intraepithelial lesion and malignancy (NILM) was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.85–0.93). For most ≥CIN 2 lesions, high-risk HPV was detected by Onclarity (66/72) and Anyplex (69/72) assays. For high-risk HPV negative ≥CIN 2 lesions, possible high-risk HPV genotypes were detected by Anyplex. In conclusion, the genotyping agreement between the tests was good to excellent. Full genotyping with Anyplex might confer additional benefits to patients with ≥CIN 2, although the difference is small. We also suggest an optimal cutoff value when reporting HPV infections using the Anyplex assay (≥2+; medium viral loads).
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Yang D, Zhang J, Cui X, Ma J, Wang C, Piao H. Risk Factors Associated With Human Papillomavirus Infection, Cervical Cancer, and Precancerous Lesions in Large-Scale Population Screening. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:914516. [PMID: 35847094 PMCID: PMC9282163 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.914516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy and screening for risk factors with early detection has been shown to reduce the mortality. In this study, we aimed to analyze the characteristics and risk factors of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and precancerous lesions in women and provide clinical evidence for developing strategies to prevent cervical precancerous lesions and cancer in women. Furthermore, we evaluated the influencing factors for high-risk HPV infection. From April 2018 to December 2021, 10,628 women were recruited for cervical cancer screening at Liaoning Cancer Hospital, Shenyang Sujiatun District Women’s and Infants Hospital, Benxi Manchu Autonomous County People’s Hospital, and Shandong Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. The study participants were tested to determine if they were HPV-positive (HPV +) or underwent thinprep cytology test (TCT) for atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and above. Furthermore, colposcopies and biopsies were performed for the histopathological examination. Finally, 9991 cases were included in the statistical analysis, and the factors influencing HPV infection and those related to cervical cancer and precancerous lesions were analyzed. HPV + infection, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion-positive (CINII +) in cervical high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, and early cervical cancer diagnosis rates were 12.45, 1.09, and 95.41%, respectively. The potential risk factors for HPV were education ≤ high school [odds ratio (OR) = 1.279 (1.129–1.449), P < 0.001], age at initial sexual activity ≤ 19 years [OR = 1.517 (1.080–2.129), P = 0.016], sexual partners > 1 [OR = 1.310 (1.044–1.644), P = 0.020], ASCUS and above [OR = 11.891 (10.105–13.993), P < 0.001], non-condom contraception [OR = 1.255 (1.059–1.487), P = 0.009], and HSIL and above [OR = 1.541 (1.430–1.662), P < 0.001]. Compared with women aged 56–65 and 35–45 years [OR = 0.810 (0.690–0.950), P = 0.010] the HPV infection rate was significantly lower in those aged 46–55 years [OR = 0.79 (0.683–0.915), P = 0.002]. Furthermore, ≤ high school age [OR = 1.577 (1.042–2.387), P = 0.031], not breastfeeding [OR = 1.763 (1.109–2.804), P = 0.017], ASCUS and above [OR = 42.396 (28.042–64.098), P < 0.001] were potential risk factors for cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. In women with HPV infection, ≤ high school education level, initial sexual activity at ≤ 19 years of age, number of sexual partners > 1, ASCUS and above, non-condom contraception, HSIL and above were risk factors for HPV infection. Compared with women aged 56–65 years, those aged 35–45 and 46–55 years had significantly lower HPV infection rates, and high school age and below, non-breastfeeding, and ASCUS and above were all potential risk factors for cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoli Cui
- Department of Gynecology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Chunyan Wang,
| | - Haozhe Piao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Haozhe Piao,
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Chen R, Fu Y, You B, Li Y, Yao Y, Wang X, Cheng X. Clinical characteristics of single human papillomavirus 53 infection: a retrospective study of 419 cases. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:1158. [PMID: 34781884 PMCID: PMC8591956 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06853-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer. Characteristics of HPV infections, including the HPV genotype and duration of infection, determine a patient’s risk of high-grade lesions. Risk quantification of cervical lesions caused by different HPV genotypes is an important component of evaluation of cervical lesion. Data and evidence are necessary to gain a deeper understanding of the pathogenicity of different HPV genotypes. The present study investigated the clinical characteristics of patients infected with single human papillomavirus (HPV) 53. Methods This retrospective study analyzed the clinical data of patients who underwent cervical colposcopy guided biopsy between October 2015 and January 2021. The clinical outcomes and the follow-up results of the patients with single HPV53 infection were described. Results 82.3% of the initial histological results of all 419 patients with single HPV53 infection showed negative (Neg). The number of patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)1, CIN2, CIN3, vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VaIN)1, CIN1 + VaIN1, CIN1 + VaIN2, and CIN2 + VaIN2 was 45, 10, 2, 9, 6, 1, and 1, respectively. Cancer was not detected in any patient. When the cytology was negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM), atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), we observed a significant difference in the distribution of histological results (P < 0.05). 95 patients underwent follow-up with cytology according to the exclusion criteria. No progression of high-grade lesions was observed during the follow-up period of 3–34 months. Conclusions The lesion caused by HPV53 infection progressed slowly. The pathogenicity of a single HPV53 infection was low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhe Chen
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfeng Fu
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingbing You
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeli Yao
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China.
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Niu J, Pan S, Wei Y, Hong Z, Gu L, Di W, Qiu L. Epidemiology and analysis of potential risk factors of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) in Shanghai China: A cross-sectional one-year study in non-vaccinated women. J Med Virol 2021; 94:761-770. [PMID: 34766625 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Data regarding human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence, its associated risk factors, and women's knowledge about this disease before the HPV vaccine was approved are limited in Shanghai, China. Therefore, we investigated these questions among females in Shanghai and aimed to provide comprehensive data to guide HPV vaccination and present the biopsychosocial risk factors that impact high-risk HPV infection, and evaluate the level of knowledge and awareness of this disease among women aged 21-65 years old. A total of 6619 (aged from 21 to 65) women from different communities volunteered to participate in the HPV screening and complete questionnaires from December 2016 to December 2017 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of nine hospitals in Shanghai. Data were analyzed using sample logistic regression to assess biopsychosocial risk factors that impact high-risk HPV infection and knowledge of HPV infection. A total of 632 (9.5%) cases were positive for high-risk HPV test, 22.6% of them were HPV 16/18 infection, 77.4% of them were non HPV 16/18 infection. 40 potential risk factors may be related to high-risk HPV infection, and there were 19 factors' p value < 0.1 from single factor logistic analysis. Finally, multivariable regression revealed education level, type of vaginitis, history of hyperlipidemias, family history of cancer, number of pregnancies, number of sex partners were independent risk factors for high-risk HPV infection (p < 0.05). When stratified by education level, women who finished graduate school had significantly greater knowledge of cervical cancer, cervical screening, and the relationship between HPV and cervical cancer than other groups (p < 0.05). The prevalence rate of high-risk HPV was a little lower than other regions in China and other countries, which may be related to regions, races, living habits, and economy. A less reported finding is that the history of vaginitis and the history of hyperlipidemias in our study were related to HPV infection. The majority of the participants had poor knowledge regarding cervical cancer, cervical screening, and the relationship between HPV and cervical cancer. Hence, these results should be served as a wake-up call for the government to increase knowledge and awareness via the media and doctors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Niu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuting Pan
- Department of Clinical Center for Investigation, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingting Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zubei Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liying Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Di
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yu H, Yi J, Dou YL, Chen Y, Kong LJ, Wu J. Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Human Papillomavirus Among Healthy Females in Beijing, China, 2016-2019. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:4173-4182. [PMID: 34675562 PMCID: PMC8519791 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s332668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, especially with high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) genotypes, is closely associated with cervical cancer. This study aimed to observe the epidemiological characteristics of HPV infection among healthy women in Beijing, China. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cervical specimens were collected from 29,436 healthy women, who underwent health check-ups in Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 2016 and 2019. A commercial kit was used for the detection of 15 HR-HPV and two low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) genotypes. RESULTS A total of 3586 (12.18%) participants tested positive for HPV, 3467 of which were infected with HR-HPVs. The most prevalent genotypes were HPV52, 58, 16, 51, and 56. Moreover, while infection with a single genotype (9.84%) was more prevalent, HPV16+52 was the most common combination in those infected with multiple HPVs. Furthermore, the highest infection rate among age groups was in women aged <25 years (20.92%). No significant difference in the prevalence was observed from 2016 to 2019. However, HPV incidence in Beijing was significantly different than that in all other areas in China, except for Zhengzhou (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings could serve as potential reference for better understanding of the epidemiological characteristics of HPV infection in Beijing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hepingli Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Yi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya-ling Dou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling-jun Kong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Seong J, Ryou S, Lee J, Yoo M, Hur S, Choi BS. Enhanced disease progression due to persistent HPV-16/58 infections in Korean women: a systematic review and the Korea HPV cohort study. Virol J 2021; 18:188. [PMID: 34535177 PMCID: PMC8447749 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a key factor for the development and progression of cervical cancer. We sought to identify the type-specific HPV prevalence by cervical cytology and assess disease progression risk based on high-risk persistent HPV infection in South Korea. METHODS To investigate the HPV prevalence by Pap results, we searched seven literature databases without any language or date restrictions until July 17, 2019. To estimate the risk of disease progression by HPV type, we used the Korea HPV Cohort study data. The search included the terms "HPV" and "Genotype" and "Korea." Studies on Korean women, type-specific HPV distribution by cytological findings, and detailed methodological description of the detection assay were included. We assessed the risk of disease progression according to the high-risk HPV type related to the nonavalent vaccine and associated persistent infections in 686 HPV-positive women with atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions from the Korea HPV Cohort Study. Type-specific HPV prevalence was the proportion of women positive for a specific HPV genotype among all HPV-positive women tested for that genotype in the systematic review. RESULTS We included 23 studies in our review. HPV-16 was the most prevalent, followed by HPV-58, -53, -70, -18, and -68. In women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, including cancer, HPV-16, -18, and -58 were the most prevalent. In the longitudinal cohort study, the adjusted hazard ratio of disease progression from atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions was significantly higher among those with persistent HPV-58 (increase in risk: 3.54-5.84) and HPV-16 (2.64-5.04) infections. CONCLUSIONS While HPV-16 was the most prevalent, persistent infections of HPV-16/58 increased the risk of disease progression to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Therefore, persistent infections of HPV-16 and -58 are critical risk factors for cervical disease progression in Korea. Our results suggest that equal attention should be paid to HPV-58 and -16 infections and provide important evidence to assist in planning the National Immunization Program in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyun Seong
- Division of Clinical Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmi Ryou
- Division of Clinical Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - JeongGyu Lee
- Division of Clinical Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongsu Yoo
- Division of Clinical Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyoung Hur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Sun Choi
- Division of Clinical Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
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Current Updates on Cancer-Causing Types of Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) in East, Southeast, and South Asia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112691. [PMID: 34070706 PMCID: PMC8198295 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Among the over 200 human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes identified, approximately 15 of them can cause human cancers. In this review, we provided an updated overview of the distribution of cancer-causing HPV genotypes by countries in East, Southeast and South Asia. Besides the standard screening and treatment methods employed in these regions, we unravel HPV detection methods and therapeutics utilised in certain countries that differ from other part of the world. The discrepancies may be partly due to health infrastructure, socio-economy and cultural diversities. Additionally, we highlighted the area lack of study, particularly on the oncogenicity of HPV genotype variants of high prevalence in these regions. Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection remains one of the most prominent cancer-causing DNA viruses, contributing to approximately 5% of human cancers. While association between HPV and cervical cancers has been well-established, evidence on the attribution of head and neck cancers (HNC) to HPV have been increasing in recent years. Among the cancer-causing HPV genotypes, HPV16 and 18 remain the major contributors to cancers across the globe. Nonetheless, the distribution of HPV genotypes in ethnically, geographically, and socio-economically diverse East, Southeast, and South Asia may differ from other parts of the world. In this review, we garner and provide updated insight into various aspects of HPV reported in recent years (2015–2021) in these regions. We included: (i) the HPV genotypes detected in normal cancers of the uterine cervix and head and neck, as well as the distribution of the HPV genotypes by geography and age groups; (ii) the laboratory diagnostic methods and treatment regimens used within these regions; and (iii) the oncogenic properties of HPV prototypes and their variants contributing to carcinogenesis. More importantly, we also unveil the similarities and discrepancies between these aspects, the areas lacking study, and the challenges faced in HPV studies.
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Characteristics of human papillomavirus infection among women with cervical cytological abnormalities in the Zhoupu District, Shanghai City, China, 2014-2019. Virol J 2021; 18:51. [PMID: 33685499 PMCID: PMC7938559 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01518-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is currently the main cause of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions in female patients. By analyzing 6-year patient data from Shanghai Zhoupu Hospital in China, we retrospectively analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of women to determine the relationship between HPV genotype and cytological test results. Methods From 2014 to 2019, 23,724 cases of cervical shedding were collected from Zhoupu Hospital in Shanghai, China. By comparing the results of HPV and ThinPrep cytology test (TCT), the HPV infection rate of patients was retrospectively analyzed. HPV genotyping using commercial kits can detect 21 HPV subtypes (15 high-risk and 6 low-risk). According to the definition of the Bethesda system, seven types of cervical cytology results were involved. Results 3816 among 23,724 women, nearly 16.08%, were infected with HPV. The top three highest HPV prevalence rates were high-risk type infection, including HPV52 (3.19%), 58 (2.47%) and 16 (2.34%). The number of single-type HPV infections (3480 (91.20%)) was much larger than the number of multi-type ones (336 (8.8%)). Single-type infections were mainly in women aged 50–60 (16.63%) and women under 30 (15.37%), while multi-type infections were more common in women over 60 (2.67%). By analyzing the long-term trends, between 2014 and 2019, HPV52, 58, and 16 subtypes changed significantly, and the HPV positive rate also changed significantly during this period. Among 4502 TCT positive women, 15 (4.04%), 125 (2.64%),159 (1.54%), 4202 (17.71%) and 1 (0.004%) had atypical glandular cells (AGC), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), atypical squamous cells (ASC)and cervical adenocarcinoma, respectively. The HPV infection rates were 66.08%, 63.99%, 115.20%, 119.50%, and 31.72% for NILM, AGCs, HSILs LSILs and ASCs, respectively. Conclusions HPV and TCT screening were very important steps in the secondary prevention of cervical cancer. Through the tracking and analysis of HPV and TCT results in this study, it can provide valuable information for Shanghai's HPV screening and prevention strategies, and provide references for clinical decision-making in the treatment of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.
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18
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Rezende MT, Bianchi AGC, Carneiro CM. Cervical cancer: Automation of Pap test screening. Diagn Cytopathol 2021; 49:559-574. [PMID: 33548162 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer progresses slowly, increasing the chance of early detection of pre-neoplastic lesions via Pap exam test and subsequently preventing deaths. However, the exam presents both false-negatives and false-positives results. Therefore, automatic methods (AMs) of reading the Pap test have been used to improve the quality control of the exam. We performed a literature review to evaluate the feasibility of implementing AMs in laboratories. METHODS This work reviewed scientific publications regarding automated cytology from the last 15 years. The terms used were "Papanicolaou test" and "Automated cytology screening" in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, in the three scientific databases (SCIELO, PUBMED, MEDLINE). RESULTS Of the resulting 787 articles, 34 were selected for a complete review, including three AMs: ThinPrep Imaging System, FocalPoint GS Imaging System and CytoProcessor. In total, 1 317 148 cytopathological slides were evaluated automatically, with 1 308 028 (99.3%) liquid-based cytology slides and 9120 (0.7%) conventional cytology smears. The AM diagnostic performances were statistically equal to or better than those of the manual method. AM use increased the detection of cellular abnormalities and reduced false-negatives. The average sample rejection rate was ≤3.5%. CONCLUSION AMs are relevant in quality control during the analytical phase of cervical cancer screening. This technology eliminates slide-handling steps and reduces the sample space, allowing professionals to focus on diagnostic interpretation while maintaining high-level care, which can reduce false-negatives. Further studies with conventional cytology are needed. The use of AM is still not so widespread in cytopathology laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana T Rezende
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Biological Sciences Research Center (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.,Cytology Laboratory, Clinical Analysis Department, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Andrea G C Bianchi
- Computing Department, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Cláudia M Carneiro
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Biological Sciences Research Center (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.,Cytology Laboratory, Clinical Analysis Department, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
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Liu J, Shi Y, Wang L, Wang J, Fan D, Han S, Wei L. Epidemiology and persistence of cervical human papillomavirus infection among outpatient women in Heilongjiang province: A retrospective cohort study. J Med Virol 2020; 92:3784-3792. [PMID: 32297986 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
As persistent carcinogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a prominent driver of cervical cancer, it is essential to explore HPV persistence and its associated factors for cancer screening and prevention. A retrospective cohort study was performed in outpatient women between March 2010 and 2019 in Heilongjiang, northeast China. HPV genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-membrane hybridization. An unconditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the association of factors with persistence. The overall prevalence of HPV at baseline was 27.1%, with a downward trend from 2010 to 2019 (P < .0001). The most commonly observed high- and low-risk HPVs were HPV16 (N = 1094, 5.9%) and HPV11 (N = 596, 3.2%), respectively. The probabilities of 6-month persistence were high for women infected with HPV16 (P = .0001), HPV58 (P = .018), and HPV53 (P = .014), as well as for women with multiple infections (P = .009), and those who were 51 to 60 years old (P = .004) or more than 60 years old (P = .007). The probabilities of 12-month persistence were high for women infected with HPV53 (P = .017) and 51- to 60-year-old women (P = .044). HPV16 is the dominant HPV type in Heilongjiang. An age in the range of 51 to 60 years and infection with HPV53 is associated with HPV infection persistence in the Heilongjiang population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yafeng Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lishuang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dongxue Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shiyu Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lanlan Wei
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Bogale AL, Belay NB, Medhin G, Ali JH. Molecular epidemiology of human papillomavirus among HIV infected women in developing countries: systematic review and meta-analysis. Virol J 2020; 17:179. [PMID: 33198743 PMCID: PMC7670609 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-020-01448-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although, there is a variable burden of human papillomavirus (HPV) in women infected with HIV in developing countries, there are few studies that attempted to surmise such variable evidences. This review aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of HPV genotype distribution and risk factors contributing to HPV infection among women infected with HIV in low- and middle-income countries. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies conducted in developing countries and reported HPV prevalence. We searched electronic databases: PubMed/Medline, SCOPUS, ScienceDirect, Excerpta Medical Database from Elsevier, Web of science, Cumulative Index of Nursing and allied Health Sciences and Google scholar databases to retrieve primary studies published in English language till 11th August 2019. We used random-effects model to estimate the pooled prevalence of HPV genotypes, and funnel plot to assess publication bias. The registration number of this review study protocol is CRD42019123549. Results We included nineteen studies with a total of 8,175 participants in this review. The prevalence of HPV was extremely heterogeneous across the studies (χ2= 3782.80, p value < 0.001, I2 = 99.6%). The estimated pooled prevalence of all HPV genotypes was 63.0% (95% CI: 48.0–78.0) while the pooled prevalence of high risk and low risk HPV genotypes were 51.0% (95% CI: 38.0–63.0) and 28.0% (95% CI: 12.0–43.0), respectively. The pooled prevalence of HPV genotype 16 was 20%, while genotype 18 and 52 were 15% and 13%, respectively. Different risk factors reported for HPV infection and the frequently reported were low CD4 count below 200 cells/mm3 and high HIV viral load.
Conclusion The pooled prevalence of HPV among HIV infected women in low- and middle-income countries was considerable and the proportion of high risk HPV genotypes were high when compared with low risk genotypes. Therefore, it is essential for the HPV prevention program to prevent the double burden of HPV and HIV in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agajie Likie Bogale
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, and Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Nega Berhe Belay
- Department of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Girmay Medhin
- Department of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Jemal Haidar Ali
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, 1000, P.O. Box 27285, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Alan M, Gunyeli I, Gultekin M, Sancı M, Yuce K. Correlation of Swede score colposcopy scoring system and histopathological results in patients with high-risk HPV infection other than HPV16 and 18. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2019; 30:35-40. [PMID: 31792083 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2019-000932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Triage with HPV genotyping has some caveats and debates for HPV positive cases other than 16 and 18. The Swede score colposcopic scoring system has not previously been evaluated in this group of patients. OBJECTIVE To use the Swede score colposcopic scoring system to compare scores and final histopathological results in women who have undergone colposcopy owing to infection with high risk-HPVs other than HPV16 and 18 and to establish new cut-off values to predict pre-malignant lesions in this group of patients. METHODS This study was conducted in 613 women undergoing colposcopic evaluation because of abnormal cervical cytology together with high-risk HPV infection. All patients referred were evaluated by an expert colposcopist, given a Swede score (using the Swede score colposcopic scoring system) by using five variables (acetowhiteness, margins plus surface, vessel pattern, lesion size, and iodine staining), and had at least one biopsy procedure (either colposcopically directed or by a loop electrical excision procedure). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, likelihood ratio values, and receiver operating characteristic curves for each clinico-pathological variable to detect low-grade and high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions, and any squamous cell abnormality (low-grade + high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions) were evaluated individually. RESULTS Final histopathological results of the patients were normal in 53.2% of cases, low-grade lesions in 32.5% of cases, and high-grade lesions in 14.4% of cases. Swede score was ≥8 (median 7.97) for high-grade lesions and ≥5 (median 5.06) for low-grade lesions. The area under the curve values (95% CI) of Swede scores for low-grade and high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions, and low-grade + high grade lesions were 0.92, 0.98, and 0.96, respectively. A Swede score cut-off value ≥6 had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and likelihood ratios of 92%, 98%, 93%, 98%, and 50 (22.6 to 110.8), respectively, for high-grade lesions at the final pathology (P<0.001). One high-risk HPV type (except 16 and 18) was no better than another for calculating the median Swede score during colposcopy (P=0.43). CONCLUSIONS The Swede score colposcopic scoring system appears to be a useful tool for evaluating atypical cervical cytology in women with high-risk HPV infection other than HPV types 16 and 18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Alan
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ilker Gunyeli
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Murat Gultekin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Sancı
- Gynecological Oncology, University of Health Sciences, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kunter Yuce
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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22
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Carcinogenic risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes and potential effects of HPV vaccines in Korea. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12556. [PMID: 31467383 PMCID: PMC6715722 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49060-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the distribution of HPV types in Korean women and evaluated the carcinogenic risk of individual HPV types and the potential effects of HPV vaccines. A total of 4,081 HPV-positive samples between 2014 and 2017 were included. The most prevalent genotypes were HPV 16, 58, 68, and 56. Among them, HPV 16 was significantly higher in high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia or worse (HSIL+ ) group. In cytologically evaluating the risk for HSIL+ by individual HPV types, HPV 16 was associated with the highest risk of HSIL+ (OR = 10.82; 95% CI: 7.93–14.77), followed by HPV 33, 31, 52, 18, 58, 51, and 35, in descending order (OR = 3.50 [type 33] to 2.62 [type 35]). Among those types, HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, and 58 were also significantly associated with HSIL+ on histologic evaluation. The analysis of the HPV subgroups covered by the different vaccines revealed that the HPV types covered by the 9-valent vaccine had a high association with HSIL+ (OR = 4.09; 95% CI: 3.02–5.54). Our findings highlight the different carcinogenic risks posed by the high risk HPV genotypes and the positive potential effects of the 9-valent HPV vaccine in reducing HPV-associated cervical cancer in Korea.
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Investigation of human papillomavirus prevalence in married women and molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the virus. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2019; 62:264-272. [PMID: 31338344 PMCID: PMC6629982 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.2019.62.4.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are among the agents responsible for infection and cancer of the skin and mucous membranes in the human body. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and type distribution of HPVs in married female patients with gynecological complaints, who had visited the Maternity Hospital in Erzurum, Turkey. Methods In this study, 263 cervical swab samples were taken from married women using the Pap smear method and were investigated for positive reactivity against HPV. The L1 gene region of HPV was investigated using molecular methods. For this purpose, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and sequence analysis of positive samples were performed. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using a bioinformatics approach after sequencing. Results HPV-DNA was detected in 17 (6.5%) samples. Highest positive reactivity to HPV-DNA was found in the 35–44 age group at 9.2%. Fourteen out of seventeen positive samples were included in the phylogenetic analysis. All isolates clustered in the Alphapapillomavirus genus. Six samples were found to be HPV 70 positive, four were HPV 16 positive, and the rest were HPV 54, 72, 81, and 114 positive. When genotyping data were evaluated according to the risk group, we found that 28.6% of the 14 samples were found to be high risk-HPV, and 71.4% were low risk-HPV. Conclusions As per our knowledge, this is the first report on the phylogenetic analysis of HPV genotypes isolated from women in Turkey. The prevalence of low- and-high risk HPV was determined in married women in Erzurum, and these results contribute to the epidemiological data on the distribution of HPV types for this region.
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Liao L, Cheng H, Zeng F, Zhou W, Ding Y. Prevalence and distribution of human papillomavirus genotypes among women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and invasive cervical cancer in Ganzhou, China. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 33:e22708. [PMID: 30390349 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection can lead to the development of cervical cancer. This study assessed the genotype distribution of HPV of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and invasive cervical cancer (ICC) in Ganzhou population. METHODS A total of 935 females who got HPV testing from January 2016 to July 2018 in the maternal and child health hospital of Ganzhou were enrolled in the study, including 806 HSIL and 129 ICC. HPV detection and genotyping were tested by HPV Geno-Array test kit. RESULTS The overall HPV-positive rate was 74.0% in Ganzhou. Among the HSIL and ICC patients, the positive rates of HPV detection were 75.6% and 64.3%. Among the HSIL individuals, the most prevalent hr-HPV genotype was HPV 16. And the 4 common subtypes in decreasing order were HPV 52, 58, 33, and 18. Of the ICC patients, the most frequently hr-HPV subtype was HPV 16 followed by 18, 52, 58, and 59. Among the squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients, for hr-HPV genotypes, HPV 16, 18, 52, 58, and 59 were five most common subtypes. In patients with adenocarcinoma (ADC), the most common hr-HPV genotype was HPV 18, followed by HPV 16, 52, 56, 68, 73. And, we found U-shaped and S-shaped curves in the HPV distribution of different age groups. CONCLUSION The prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes in Ganzhou differed from other regions of China and Western countries. These results can serve as valuable reference for HPV vaccination programs for Ganzhou women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhong Liao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Maternal and child health hospital of Ganzhou City, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- Department of emergency, People's hospital of Ganzhou City, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fansheng Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Maternal and child health hospital of Ganzhou City, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijie Zhou
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Guangzhou, China
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25
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Mallik MK, Alramadhan B, Dashti H, Al-Shaheen A, Al Juwaiser A, Das DK, George SS, Kapila K. Human papillomaviruses other than 16, 18 and 45 are the major high risk HPV genotypes amongst women with abnormal cervical smear cytology residing in Kuwait: Implications for future vaccination strategies. Diagn Cytopathol 2018; 46:1036-1039. [PMID: 30353685 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of different high risk HPV (HR-HPV) genotypes amongst women residing in Kuwait with epithelial abnormalities in cervical smears and to detect any difference in the distribution of these genotypes between Kuwaiti and Non-Kuwaiti women or between the cytological diagnosis groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thinprep specimens from women with epithelial abnormalities on cervical smears were subjected to Aptima HR-HPV assay and those found to be HR-HPV positive were genotyped using the Aptima HPV genotyping assay into three groups (i) HPV 16, (ii) HPV 18/45 and (iii) others. RESULTS HR-HPV was found in 229 (30.57%) of the 749 cases with epithelial abnormalities. Of the 116 cases subjected to further genotyping, the non-16, 18, 45 genotype accounted for the most prevalent group accounting for 62.93% of the cases, followed by HR-HPV 16 (31.04%) cases and HPV 18/45 (6.03%) of cases. There was no significant difference between Kuwaiti and non-Kuwaiti women nor was any difference noted between the various cytological diagnosis group. CONCLUSION Most HR-HPV infections amongst women residing in Kuwait with epithelial abnormalities are due to HPV types other than the 16, 18 and 45. As HPVs 16 and 18 are considered to be the most prevalent HR-HPV genotypes worldwide, causing invasive cancer, the findings of this study is significant from an epidemiological standpoint. It should also be taken into account before undertaking any HPV vaccination program since the available HPV vaccines protect against HR-HPVs 16 and 18 only.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hawraa Dashti
- Cytopathology Unit, Mubarak Al Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait
| | | | | | - Dilip K Das
- Cytopathology Unit, Mubarak Al Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Sara S George
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Kusum Kapila
- Cytopathology Unit, Mubarak Al Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
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Kweon SS. Updates on Cancer Epidemiology in Korea, 2018. Chonnam Med J 2018; 54:90-100. [PMID: 29854674 PMCID: PMC5972130 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2018.54.2.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and the most common cause of death in Korea. There are currently approximately 200,000 incident cancer cases and 78,000 individuals die from cancer every year. The factors directly related to cancer incidence, including aging, smoking, obesity, and Westernized dietary habits, have been increasing during the past several decades. Since 1999, trends toward increased incidence have been observed for thyroid, breast (in women), colorectal, and prostate cancer. Currently, these trends have changed direction, and the incidence of stomach and liver cancer in both sexes, and cervical cancer in women have continually declined. Although the number of cancer deaths increased by a factor of 2.7 from 1983 to 2016, the age-standardized mortality associated with cancer has been decreasing by 3% every year. The 5-year relative survival rate (RSR) has also improved over the past several decades, especially for stomach, prostate, and breast cancer, which had 5-year RSRs greater than 90% in the most recent report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Seog Kweon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
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Vajda R, Juhász K, Endrei D. Clinical and health policy experiences with HPV prevalence within the Hungarian organized cervical cancer screening program. J Gynecol Oncol 2018. [PMID: 29533027 PMCID: PMC5920228 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2018.29.e45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Réka Vajda
- Institute for Health Insurance, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Krisztina Juhász
- Institute for Health Insurance, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Department of Public Health, Baranya County Government Office, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dóra Endrei
- Institute for Health Insurance, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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