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Cao D, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Shao M, Yang Q, Wang P. Association between gynecologic cancer and Alzheimer's disease: a bidirectional mendelian randomization study. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:1032. [PMID: 39169299 PMCID: PMC11337634 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12787-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) manifests with a higher rate of occurrence in women. Previous epidemiological studies have suggested a potential association between AD and gynecological cancers, but the causal relationship between them remains unclear. This study aims to explore the causal link between 12 types of gynecological cancers and AD using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. METHODS We obtained genetic correlation tools for AD using data from the most extensive genome-wide association study. Genetic correlation data for 12 types of gynecological cancers were also sourced from the Finnish Biobank. These cancers include breast cancer (BC), cervical adenocarcinoma (CA), cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), cervical cancer (CC), endometrial cancer (EC), ovarian endometrioid carcinoma (OEC), ovarian cancer (OC), ovarian serous carcinoma (OSC), breast carcinoma in situ (BCIS), cervical carcinoma in situ (CCIS), endometrial carcinoma in situ (ECIS), and vulvar carcinoma in situ (VCIS). We used the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) model for causal analysis and conducted horizontal pleiotropy tests, heterogeneity tests, MR-PRESSO tests, and leave-one-out analyses to ensure the robustness of our results. We also applied replication analysis and meta-analysis to further validate our experimental results. RESULTS The study found that EC (P_IVW =0.037, OR [95% CI] = 1.032 [1.002, 1.064]) and CCIS (P_IVW = 0.046, OR [95% CI] = 1.032 [1.011, 1.064]) increase the risk of AD, whereas OC was negatively correlated with AD (P_IVW = 0.016, OR [95% CI] = 0.974[0.954, 0.995]). In reverse MR analysis, AD increased the risk of CC (P_IVW = 0.039, OR [95% CI] = 1.395 [1.017, 1.914]) and VCIS (P_IVW = 0.041, OR [95% CI] = 1.761 [1.027, 2.021]), but was negatively correlated with OEC (P_IVW = 0.034, OR [95% CI] = 0.634 [0.417, 0.966]). Sensitivity analysis results demonstrated robustness. These findings were further substantiated through replication and meta-analyses. CONCLUSIONS Our MR study supports a causal relationship between AD and gynecological cancers. This encourages further research into the incidence of gynecological cancers in female Alzheimer's patients and the active prevention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Cao
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China
- Engineering Research Center of TCM Protection Technology and New Product Development for the Elderly Brain Health, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China
| | - Shaobo Zhang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Yini Zhang
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China
- Engineering Research Center of TCM Protection Technology and New Product Development for the Elderly Brain Health, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China
| | - Ming Shao
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Qiguang Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China.
- Engineering Research Center of TCM Protection Technology and New Product Development for the Elderly Brain Health, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China.
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Tichanek F, Försti A, Hemminki O, Hemminki A, Hemminki K. Survival, Incidence, and Mortality Trends in Female Cancers in the Nordic Countries. Obstet Gynecol Int 2023; 2023:6909414. [PMID: 37457920 PMCID: PMC10348860 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6909414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Female cancers cover common breast cancers, relatively common endometrial, ovarian, and cervical cancers and rare vulvar cancer. Survival in these cancers is known to be relatively good compared to all cancers but long-term studies for these cancers are rare, and to fill the gap, here, we generate survival data through 50 years. Materials and Methods We applied generalized additive models to data from the NORDCAN database and analyzed 1- and 5-year relative survival for these cancers in Denmark (DK), Finland (FI), Norway (NO), and Sweden (SE) over half a century (1971-2020). Conditional 5/1-year survival for patients who survived the 1st year after diagnosis and annual survival changes was also estimated. Results In 2016-20, 5-year survival was best for breast cancer reaching 92.3% (in SE), followed by endometrial cancer at 86.1% (SE) and cervical cancer at 75.6% (NO). Improvement in 5-year survival over the 50 years was the largest for ovarian cancer (20% units), finally reaching 52.9% (SE). For vulvar cancer, the final survival was between 70 and 73%. The best 5-year survival rate in 2016-20 was recorded for SE in breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers; NO showed the highest rate for cervical and DK for vulvar cancers. DK had the lowest survival for breast and ovarian cancers, and FI, for the other cancers. Conclusions The overall survival development appeared to consist of continuous improvements, most likely because of novel treatment and imaging techniques as well as overall organization of patient care. The large survival improvement for ovarian cancer was probably achieved by a surgical focus on tumors spread in the peritoneal cavity. For cervical and vulvar cancers, the high early mortality requires attention and could be helped by raising increasing public awareness of early symptoms in these cancers and developing pathways for fast initiation of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Tichanek
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Pilsen, Pilsen 30605, Czech Republic
| | - Asta Försti
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Otto Hemminki
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Urology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Akseli Hemminki
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Pilsen, Pilsen 30605, Czech Republic
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Pizzato M, La Vecchia C, Malvezzi M, Levi F, Boffetta P, Negri E, Dalmartello M. Cancer mortality and predictions for 2022 in selected Australasian countries, Russia, and Ukraine with a focus on colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer Prev 2023; 32:18-29. [PMID: 35822596 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed at predicting cancer mortality rates for the current year for the Russian Federation, Ukraine, Israel, Hong Kong SAR, Japan, Korea, and Australia, with a focus on colorectal cancer. METHODS We retrieved official death certification and population data from the WHO and the United Nations Population Division databases. We analyzed mortality for all cancers combined and for 10 major cancer sites from 1970 to 2019, or the latest available year. We predicted numbers of deaths and age-standardized mortality rates for 2022 using Poisson joinpoint regression models. We estimated the number of averted deaths over the period 1994-2022 because of the decline in mortality rates. RESULTS Total cancer mortality declined in all countries and both sexes. Russia had the highest total cancer predicted rates for 2022: 156.4/100 000 (world standard) in men and 81.4 in women; the lowest rates were reported in Israeli men (90.6/100 000) and Korean women (44.5/100 000). Between 1994 and 2022, a total of 1 487 000 deaths were estimated to be avoided in Russia, 502 000 in Ukraine, 58 000 in Israel, 102 000 in Hong Kong SAR, 1 020 000 in Japan, 533 000 in the Republic of Korea, and 263 000 in Australia. Colorectal cancer mortality trends were downward for the last decades with favorable predictions for 2022 in both sexes. CONCLUSION In the countries considered, predicted downward trends started later and were less marked than those in the European Union and the USA. Despite overall favorable predictions, colorectal cancer remains one of the major causes of cancer mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Pizzato
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Malvezzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Levi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Unisanté, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Dalmartello
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Düzgün Ö, Kalin M. Is There a Role for Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Due to Uterine Cancer? J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12111790. [PMID: 36579503 PMCID: PMC9693328 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uterine canceris one of the most common pelvic tumors in females. Advanced stage uterine cancer only represents 15% of newly diagnosed cases; however, they are related with poor prognosis. Our aim was to analyze the benefits of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in peritoneal carcinomatosis due to uterine cancer. METHODS At the Istanbul Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Surgical Oncology Clinic, morbidity, overall survival and survival without progression were analyzed over the 5-year follow up. Twenty-two cases who had undergone cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy due to uterine-peritoneal carcinomatosis were included in this study. Cases were followed up in terms of postoperative morbidity-mortality, disease-free survival and overall survival. The cut off value for the peritoneal carcinomatosis index score was set at 15. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin and doxorubicin was applied to all patients for 60 min after the suturation of the abdomen. RESULTS Median age of the patients was 64.6 (43-72). Average PCI score was 12.8 (3-15). CC score was 0 in 16 (72.7%) cases, 1 in 3 cases and 2 in 3 cases. Of these patients, 12 of them were previously operated upon. Median stay at the hospital was 13.1 days. No major complications due to chemotherapy were reported. A Clavien-Dindo Grade 3 complication was observed in seven (31.8%) patients. Mortality was not observed in patients during their stay at the hospital. The 5-year disease-free survival and overall survival rates were 36.8 (36%) months and 45.3 (57%) months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We think that due to longer disease-free survival and overall survival, cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy should be preferred in peritoneal carcinomatosis due to uterine cancer patients having low peritoneal carcinomatosis index scores and manageable complication rates. However, prospective randomizedtrials with a high number of cases are needed for this subject.
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N1-Methyladenosine-Related lncRNAs Are Potential Biomarkers for Predicting Prognosis and Immune Response in Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2754836. [PMID: 35965688 PMCID: PMC9372539 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2754836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) is a malignant disease that, at present, has no well-characterised prognostic biomarker. In this study, two clusters were identified based on 28 N1-methyladenosine- (m1A-) related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), of which cluster 1 was related to immune pathways according to the results of an enrichment analysis. We further observed better prognosis in patients with higher levels of immune cell infiltration, tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability, and immune checkpoint gene expression. In addition, through Cox regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis, 10 m1A-related lncRNAs (mRLs) were employed to build a prognosis model. We found that people in higher risk categories had a poorer survival probability than those in lower risk. Low-risk samples were enriched with immune-related pathways, while the high-risk group was similar to the definition of the “immune desert” phenotype, which was associated with decreased immune infiltration, T cell failure, and decreased tumor mutation burden, while also being insensitive to immunotherapy and chemotherapy. This mRL-based model has the ability to accurately predict the prognosis of UCEC patients, and the mRLs could become promising therapeutic targets in enhancing the response of immunotherapy.
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Yan J, Ye G, Shao Y. High expression of the ferroptosis-associated MGST1 gene in relation to poor outcome and maladjusted immune cell infiltration in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24317. [PMID: 35218676 PMCID: PMC8993612 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) tightly correlates with dysregulated iron homeostasis. MGST1 (microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1) involves in the regulation of oxidative stress and plays a key role in inhibiting iron-mediated cell death in cancer cells. Hence, we aimed to illuminate the characteristics of MGST1 expression and prognosis in UCEC using bioinformatics prediction to provide novel perspectives for theoretical supplementation and ferroptosis-based immunotherapy. METHODS We retrieved MGST1 expression data via several public data portals. The relationships between MGST1 expression and clinicopathologic characteristics as well as survival time were evaluated via multivariate methods and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. The MGST1-interacting protein-protein interaction was also established by the STRING website. The TIMER and GEPIA databases were used to illustrate the association between MGST1 expression and infiltrated immune cells. We used the MethSurv website and the UALCAN website to determine the relationship between MGST1 expression and DNA methylation. RESULTS MGST1 overexpression in UCEC compared with normal tissues correlates with different histological types, a lack of hormone therapy and poor survival time. MGST1 interacts with several ferroptosis-related proteins. Overexpression of MGST1 was accompanied by lower levels of NK cell and CD8+ T cell infiltration, higher myeloid-derived suppressor cell infiltration and different immunocytes with corresponding markers. Hypermethylation and low promoter methylation cooperate to regulate MGST1 expression. CONCLUSION Elevated MGST1 expression is related to tumour development and poor prognosis, as well as dysregulated infiltration of immune cells in UCEC, which can be a potential prognostic indicator and ferroptosis-based immunotherapy target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Yan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Guoliang Ye
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yongfu Shao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Park SJ, Lee EJ, Seol A, Park S, Ham J, Yim GW, Shim SH, Lim W, Chang SJ, Song G, Park JW, Kim HS. Rotational intraperitoneal pressurized aerosol chemotherapy with paclitaxel and cisplatin: pharmacokinetics, tissue concentrations, and toxicities in a pig model. J Gynecol Oncol 2022; 33:e56. [PMID: 35712969 PMCID: PMC9428304 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2022.33.e56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jin Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Ji Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Aeran Seol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunwoo Park
- Department of Plant & Biomaterials science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Ham
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ga Won Yim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyuk Shim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Suk-Joon Chang
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Won Park
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Seung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Liu CH, Kung YH, Chien-Fu Lin J, Chuang CM, Wu HH, Jiang LY, Shih YC, Wang PH, Chen YJ. Synergistic therapeutic effect of low-dose bevacizumab with cisplatin-based chemotherapy for advanced or recurrent cervical cancer. J Chin Med Assoc 2021; 84:1139-1144. [PMID: 34610623 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin-based chemotherapy (CBC) is highly efficacious for advanced cervical cancer; its efficacy can be enhanced by combining with 15 mg/kg (standard dose) bevacizumab (BEV). However, this standard dose is associated with various adverse events (AEs). Therefore, in this retrospective study, we analyzed the survival outcomes and AEs in patients with advanced or recurrent cervical cancer treated with CBC in combination with BEV 7.5 mg/kg. METHODS Registered patient data were retrieved between October 2014 and September 2019, and 64 patients with advanced or recurrent cervical cancer treated with CBC + BEV (n = 21) or CBC alone (n = 43) were analyzed. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS); the secondary endpoints were the frequency and severity of AEs. The Cox proportional-hazards model was applied to explore prognostic factors associated with PFS and OS. RESULTS The 1-, 2-, and 3-year PFS rates (95% CI) were 36.24% (22.0-50.5), 20.7% (9.8-34.2), and 17.7% (7.7-31.1) for the CBC group; and 71.4% (47.1-86.0), 51.0% (27.9-70.1), and 51.0% (27.9-70.1) for the CBC + BEV group, respectively. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates were 62.6% (46.4-75.18), 32.4% (18.8-46.9), and 23.2% (11.2-37.6) for the CBC group; and 85.7% (61.9-95.1), 66.6% (42.5-82.5), and 55.5% (27.1-76.7) for the CBC + BEV group, respectively. The CBC + BEV group presented higher PFS and OS rates, p = 0.003 and p = 0.005, respectively. Proteinuria (6 vs 9, p = 0.025) and hypertension (0 vs 10, p < 0.001) were less common, but anemia was more common in the CBC group (35 vs 11, p = 0.021). CONCLUSION Overall, CBC + BEV significantly improved the PFS and OS compared with CBC alone. CBC + BEV also prevents severe AEs and hence is an efficacious and safe therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hao Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yen-Hsuan Kung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jeff Chien-Fu Lin
- Department of Statistics, National Taipei University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Mu Chuang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hua-Hsi Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ling-Yu Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ying-Chu Shih
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Peng-Hui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Jen Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Park S, Park SJ, Lee HS, Ham J, Lee EJ, Kim J, Ryu S, Seol A, Lim W, Lee JC, Song G, Kim HS. Establishment of an Experimental System for Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in a Rat Model. In Vivo 2021; 35:2703-2710. [PMID: 34410959 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM To establish an experimental system for comparing different methods of intraperitoneal chemotherapy in a rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used six-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats, and created an early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (EPIC) system using 18-gauge syringes and evacuators, and a hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) system using two peristaltic pumps which controlled the flow rate and temperature. Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) was achieved using a nozzle for dispersing aerosols at a flow rate up to 41.5 ml/min. The distribution and intensity of 0.2% trypan blue dye was compared among three methods. RESULTS The distribution was limited and the intensity was weak after EPIC, and the dye stained moderately in gravity-dependent regions after HIPEC. On the other hand, the distribution was the most comprehensive, and the intensity was the greatest after PIPAC. CONCLUSION This experimental system in a rat model may reflect the comparative effect among EPIC, HIPEC and PIPAC in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunwoo Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Su Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Ham
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsik Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soomin Ryu
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aeran Seol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Chan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hee Seung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea;
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Turkistani S, Sugita BM, Fadda P, Marchi R, Afsari A, Naab T, Apprey V, Copeland RL, Campbell MC, Cavalli LR, Kanaan Y. A panel of miRNAs as prognostic markers for African-American patients with triple negative breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:861. [PMID: 34315420 PMCID: PMC8317413 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08573-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the global expression profile of miRNAs, their impact on cellular signaling pathways, and their association with poor prognostic parameters in African-American (AA) patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). METHODS Twenty-five samples of AA TNBC patients were profiled for global miRNA expression and stratified considering three clinical-pathological parameters: tumor size, lymph node (LN), and recurrence (REC) status. Differential miRNA expression analysis was performed for each parameter, and their discriminatory power was determined by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. KMplotter was assessed to determine the association of the miRNAs with survival, and functional enrichment analysis to determine the main affected pathways and miRNA/mRNA target interactions. RESULTS A panel of eight, 23 and 27 miRNAs were associated with tumor size, LN, and REC status, respectively. Combined ROC analysis of two (miR-2117, and miR-378c), seven (let-7f-5p, miR-1255b-5p, miR-1268b, miR-200c-3p, miR-520d, miR-527, and miR-518a-5p), and three (miR-1200, miR-1249-3p, and miR-1271-3p) miRNAs showed a robust discriminatory power based on tumor size (AUC = 0.917), LN (AUC = 0.945) and REC (AUC = 0.981) status, respectively. Enrichment pathway analysis revealed their involvement in proteoglycans and glycan and cancer-associated pathways. Eight miRNAs with deregulated expressions in patients with large tumor size, positive LN metastasis, and recurrence were significantly associated with lower survival rates. Finally, the construction of miRNA/mRNA networks based in experimentally validated mRNA targets, revealed nodes of critical cancer genes, such as AKT1, BCL2, CDKN1A, EZR and PTEN. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our data indicate that miRNA deregulated expression is a relevant biological factor that can be associated with the poor prognosis in TNBC of AA patients, by conferring to their TNBC cells aggressive phenotypes that are reflected in the clinical characteristics evaluated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa Turkistani
- Department of Microbiology, Howard University Cancer Center, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Bruna M Sugita
- Research Institute Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Paolo Fadda
- Genomics Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rafael Marchi
- Research Institute Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Ali Afsari
- Department of Pathology, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - Tammey Naab
- Department of Pathology, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - Victor Apprey
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Robert L Copeland
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Cancer Center, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | | | - Luciane R Cavalli
- Research Institute Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA.
| | - Yasmine Kanaan
- Department of Microbiology, Howard University Cancer Center, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
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11
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Liu Y, Luo Y, Cai M, Shen P, Li J, Chen H, Bao W, Zhu Y. Anti-angiogenic therapy in ovarian cancer: current situation & prospects. Indian J Med Res 2021; 154:680-690. [PMID: 35532586 PMCID: PMC9210530 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1160_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of five leading causes of cancer related death among women worldwide. Although treatment has been improving, the survival rate has barely improved over the past 30 years. The fatality rate is due to asymptomatic early signs and the lack of long-term effective treatment strategies for advanced disease. Angiogenesis is an important process in tumour growth and metastasis and is the creation of new blood vessels from existing blood vessels. It is a dynamic and complex process involving various molecular regulatory pathways and multiple mechanisms. The inhibition of angiogenesis has become a recognized therapeutic strategy for many solid tumours. While benefits in progression-free survival have been observed, the OS is far from satisfactory for OC patients who receive antiangiogenic therapy. In this article, the present research status of angiogenesis in OC was reviewed and the reasons for poor antiangiogenic therapeutic effects was explored with the aim to identify potential therapeutic targets that may improve the effect of antiangiogenic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinping Liu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meiling Cai
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peijun Shen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailin Chen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaping Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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12
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De Leo A, Santini D, Ceccarelli C, Santandrea G, Palicelli A, Acquaviva G, Chiarucci F, Rosini F, Ravegnini G, Pession A, Turchetti D, Zamagni C, Perrone AM, De Iaco P, Tallini G, de Biase D. What Is New on Ovarian Carcinoma: Integrated Morphologic and Molecular Analysis Following the New 2020 World Health Organization Classification of Female Genital Tumors. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:697. [PMID: 33919741 PMCID: PMC8070731 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11040697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian carcinomas represent a heterogeneous group of neoplasms consisting of separate entities with distinct risk factors, precursor lesions, pathogenesis, patterns of spread, molecular profiles, clinical course, response to chemotherapy, and outcomes. The histologic subtype and the related molecular features are essential for individualized clinical decision-making. The fifth edition of the World Health Organization classification of tumors of the female genital tract divides ovarian carcinomas into at least five main and distinct types of ovarian carcinomas: high-grade serous carcinoma, low-grade serous carcinoma, endometrioid carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, and mucinous carcinoma. Molecular pathology has improved the knowledge of genomic landscape of ovarian carcinomas identifying peculiar alterations for every histologic subtype. It is well-known that high-grade and low-grade serous carcinomas are separate entities with entirely different morphologic and molecular characteristics. TP53 and BRCA mutations are typical of high-grade serous carcinoma, whereas BRAF and KRAS mutations frequently occur in low-grade serous carcinoma. Endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas are frequently associated with endometriosis. Endometrioid tumors are characterized by β-catenin alterations, microsatellite instability, and PTEN and POLE mutations, while ARID1A mutations occur in both endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas. Mucinous carcinomas are uncommon tumors associated with copy-number loss of CDKN2A and KRAS alterations and metastasis from other sites should always be considered in the differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio De Leo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (F.C.); (G.T.)
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna/Azienda USL di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (D.d.B.)
- Centro di Studio e Ricerca delle Neoplasie Ginecologiche, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (D.T.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.)
| | - Donatella Santini
- Centro di Studio e Ricerca delle Neoplasie Ginecologiche, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (D.T.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.)
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Claudio Ceccarelli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (F.C.); (G.T.)
- Centro di Studio e Ricerca delle Neoplasie Ginecologiche, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (D.T.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.)
| | - Giacomo Santandrea
- Pathology Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (G.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (G.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Giorgia Acquaviva
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (F.C.); (G.T.)
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna/Azienda USL di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (D.d.B.)
| | - Federico Chiarucci
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (F.C.); (G.T.)
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna/Azienda USL di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (D.d.B.)
| | - Francesca Rosini
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Gloria Ravegnini
- Centro di Studio e Ricerca delle Neoplasie Ginecologiche, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (D.T.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.)
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Annalisa Pession
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna/Azienda USL di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (D.d.B.)
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Turchetti
- Centro di Studio e Ricerca delle Neoplasie Ginecologiche, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (D.T.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.)
- Unit of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Zamagni
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Anna Myriam Perrone
- Centro di Studio e Ricerca delle Neoplasie Ginecologiche, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (D.T.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna, Via Massarenti 13, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pierandrea De Iaco
- Centro di Studio e Ricerca delle Neoplasie Ginecologiche, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (D.T.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.)
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna, Via Massarenti 13, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tallini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (C.C.); (G.A.); (F.C.); (G.T.)
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna/Azienda USL di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (D.d.B.)
- Centro di Studio e Ricerca delle Neoplasie Ginecologiche, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (D.T.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.)
| | - Dario de Biase
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna/Azienda USL di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (D.d.B.)
- Centro di Studio e Ricerca delle Neoplasie Ginecologiche, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (D.T.); (A.M.P.); (P.D.I.)
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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13
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Fan Y, Dong Z, Shi Y, Sun S, Wei B, Zhan L. NLRC5 promotes cell migration and invasion by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in endometrial cancer. J Int Med Res 2021; 48:300060520925352. [PMID: 32431202 PMCID: PMC7241267 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520925352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective NOD-like receptor family caspase recruitment domain family domain-containing 5 (NLRC5) is involved in the development of cancer. Our objective was to explore the role of NLRC5 in the progression of endometrial cancer (EC). Methods The roles of NLRC5 in migration and invasion of AN3CA EC cells were examined by cell wound-healing assay, Transwell migration, and invasion analysis. Overexpression of NLRC5 was achieved with NLRC5 plasmid, and knockdown of NLRC5 was achieved using small interfering (si)RNA-NLRC5 in AN3CA cells. The expression of NLRC5 was detected by immunohistochemical, western blot, and quantitative real-time PCR. LY294002 was used to inhibit the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway. Results NLRC5 was downregulated in EC tissue compared with normal endometrium. Overexpression of NLRC5 led to upregulation of cell migration and invasion in AN3CA cells and expression of matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-9. Inhibition of NLRC5 restricted migration and invasion of AN3CA cells and expression of MMP9. Overexpression of NLRC5 promoted the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by using LY294002 blocked the positive role of NLRC5 in migration and invasion of AN3CA cells and expression of MMP9. Conclusions These results demonstrate that NLRC5 promotes EC progression by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Fan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yuchuan Shi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shiying Sun
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Bing Wei
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Lei Zhan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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14
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Doğan Durdağ G, Alemdaroğlu S, Aka Bolat F, Yılmaz Baran Ş, Yüksel Şimşek S, Çelik H. Accuracy of intra-operative frozen section in guiding surgical staging of endometrial cancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 304:725-732. [PMID: 33608802 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-05979-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Surgery consists the main treatment of endometrial cancer; however, decision of lypmhadenectomy is controversial. Intra-operative frozen section (FS) is commonly used in guiding surgical staging; nevertheless, there are different reports regarding its adequacy and reliability. Aim of this study is to assess accuracy of FS in predicting paraffin section (PS) results in patients with endometrium cancer. METHODS Data of 223 cases, who were operated for endometrial cancer at a tertiary hospital in 2012-2019, were analyzed retrospectively. Histological type, grade, tumor diameter, depth of myometrial invasion, and cervical and adnexal involvement in frozen and paraffin section were evaluated. Positive and negative predictive values and accuracy of frozen results in predicting paraffin results for each parameter was assessed. Statistical significance was taken as 0.05 in all tests. RESULTS Accuracy of FS in predicting PS results were 76.23% for histology, 75.45% for grade, 85.31% for depth of myometrial invasion, and 95.45% for tumor diameter. Surgery, based on FS results, caused undertreatment in 4 patients, while metastatic lymph node ratios were found in only 35.3-50.0% of cases who had high risk parameters at FS. CONCLUSION Our FS results have reasonable accuracy rates in predicting PS results, in comparison with the previous literature. However, even if the high risk parameters detected in FS predict PS accurately, absence of lymph node involvement in all cases with high risk parameters indicates that FS-based triage cannot prevent unnecessary lymphadenectomies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülşen Doğan Durdağ
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obsterics, Başkent University, Adana Application and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Songül Alemdaroğlu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obsterics, Başkent University, Adana Application and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Filiz Aka Bolat
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Başkent University, Adana Application and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Şafak Yılmaz Baran
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obsterics, Başkent University, Adana Application and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Seda Yüksel Şimşek
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obsterics, Başkent University, Adana Application and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Hüsnü Çelik
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obsterics, Başkent University, Adana Application and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
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15
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Pizzato M, Carioli G, Bertuccio P, Malvezzi M, Levi F, Boffetta P, Negri E, La Vecchia C. Cancer mortality and predictions for 2020 in selected Australasian countries, Russia and Ukraine. Eur J Cancer Prev 2021; 30:1-14. [PMID: 33273205 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Predicted cancer mortality figures are useful for public health planning. We predicted cancer mortality rates in Israel, Hong Kong, Japan, the Philippines, Korea, Australia, Russia and Ukraine for the year 2020 using the most recent available data. We focused on breast cancer. METHODS We obtained cancer death certification and population data from the WHO and the United Nations Population Division databases. We derived figures for 10 major cancer sites and total cancers over 1970-2017. We predicted numbers of deaths and age-standardized mortality rates for 2020 through joinpoint regression models. We calculated the number of avoided deaths from 1994-2020. RESULTS Overall, total cancer mortality is predicted to decline. Russia had the highest all cancers rates in 2020, 151.9/100 000 men and 79.6 women; the Philippines had the lowest rate in men, 78.0/100 000, Korea in women, 47.5. Stomach cancer rates declined over the whole period in all countries considered, colorectal cancer since the late 1990s. Trends for pancreas were inconsistent. Predicted rates for lung and breast cancer were favourable; women from Hong Kong, Korea and Australia had lung cancer death rates higher than breast ones. Predicted rates for uterine, ovarian, prostate and bladder cancers and leukaemias were downward for most countries. Between 1994 and 2020, over 3.3 million cancer deaths were avoided in the considered countries, except for the Philippines where no reduction was observed. CONCLUSION Predicted cancer rates were lower than in the European Union and the USA, even though falls started later and were less marked.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Greta Carioli
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health
| | - Paola Bertuccio
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Levi
- Center of Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Stony Brook Cancer Center and Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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16
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Park SJ, Lee EJ, Lee TS, Wang KL, Okamoto A, Ochiai K, Kim HS, Kim JW. Asian perspective on debulking surgery for advanced ovarian cancer: An E-survey. Eur J Surg Oncol 2020; 47:1111-1116. [PMID: 33303297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We performed an E-survey to evaluate the practice patterns in debulking surgery for advanced ovarian cancer in Asia. METHODS We designed a questionnaire, including 50 questions related to debulking surgery for advanced ovarian cancer. The questionnaire was sent to Gynecologic Oncologic Groups in Asia from December 2016 to February 2017. RESULTS A total of 253 gynecologic oncologists from Japan (58.9%), the Republic of Korea (19%), Taiwan (12.6%), and the other counties including China (7.5%), Malaysia (0.8%), Indonesia (0.8%), and Thailand (0.4%) participated in this E-survey. The median number of debulking surgeries per year was 20, and 46.8% of the respondents preferred <1 cm as the criterion for optimal debulking surgery (ODS). The most common barrier and surgical finding precluding ODS were performance status (74.3%) and disease involving the porta hepatis (71.5%). Moreover, 63.2% had a fellowship program, and only 15% or less had opportunities to receive additional training courses in general, thoracic, or urologic surgery. The median percentage of patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) was 30%, and the achieved rate of ODS in primary debulking surgery (PDS) and interval debulking surgery (IDS) was 65% and 80%, respectively. Most of the respondents required three to 6 h for PDS (48.6%) and IDS (58.9%). Moreover, more than 50% depended on ultra-radical surgery conducted by specialists. CONCLUSIONS The ODS criteria are relatively lenient with a preference for NAC in 30% of the respondents in Asia. This trend might be associated with the dependence on aggressive surgery performed by specialists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jin Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek Sang Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kung-Liahng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taitung Mackay Memorial Hospital and Mackay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Aikou Okamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ochiai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hee Seung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Weon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Prevalence of pathogenic variants in actionable genes in advanced ovarian cancer: a next-generation sequencing analysis of a nationwide registry study. Eur J Cancer 2020; 141:185-192. [PMID: 33166861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined the actionable genomic alterations in ovarian cancer by analysing the nationwide registry of next-generation sequencing (NGS) data. METHODS From March 2017 to December 2018, 16,458 patients with cancer underwent NGS testing under the interim coverage programme for NGS provided by the National Health Insurance of Korea. Among these patients, 779 patients had advanced ovarian cancer. Fifty-eight mutations were reported as pathogenic variants, which included likely pathogenic variants, and 55 theoretically actionable genes were analysed. RESULTS The prevalence of pathogenic mutations in the population was 81.5%, whereas 11.6% of the population had neither a pathogenic mutation nor a variant of unknown significance. Common pathogenic mutations shared by at least 3% of the study population were mutations in TP53 (61.5%), BRCA1 (12.2%), PIK3CA (10.4%), KRAS (10.3%), BRCA2 (9.6%) and PTEN (3.7%). BRCA1/2 pathogenic mutations were found in 14.0% (42 of 300, 95% confidence interval = 10-18%) of the patients with TP53 wild-type tumours, comprising approximately one-quarter (25.9%) of the total observed BRCA1/2 pathogen mutations. At least one pathogenic mutation in a theoretically actionable gene was found in 49.2% of patients. Among patients without a BRCA1/2 pathogenic mutation, mutations were frequently observed in KRAS (12.2%), PIK3CA (10.4%) and PTEN (4.2%). PTCH1 mutations were correlated with ATM, NF1, ERBB2 and MTOR mutations (adjusted p = 0.0054, p = 0.0035, p = 0.0010 and p = 0.0003, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Almost half of patients with ovarian cancer could be estimated as theoretical candidates for genomic medicine. Substantial BRCA1/2 pathogenic mutations were observed in patients not harbouring a TP53 mutation.
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18
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Wang Y, Ren F, Song Z, Wang X, Ma X. Multiomics profile and prognostic gene signature of m6A regulators in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma. J Cancer 2020; 11:6390-6401. [PMID: 33033522 PMCID: PMC7532517 DOI: 10.7150/jca.46386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) is the most common type of gynecologic malignancy worldwide. Despite advances in the treatments of UCEC, its incidence and mortality rates are still increasing. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common form of RNA modification and has attracted increasing interest in cancer pathogenesis and progression. Thus, we aimed to identify the landscape of m6A regulators and build a prognostic gene signature in UCEC. In this study, we first analyzed copy number variations (CNVs), single nucleotide variations (SNVs) and gene expression profiles as well as matched clinical information of UCEC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Next, we determined that CNVs in m6A regulatory genes had a significant negative impact on patient survival. The mRNA expression levels of a total of 16 m6A regulators were significantly correlated with different CNV patterns. Using univariate Cox regression analysis, IGF2BP1, KIAA1429, IGF2BP3, YTHDF3, and IGF2BP2 were found to be closely associated with UCEC patient survival outcomes. Based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate Cox regression models, we built a 3-gene (IGF2BP3, KIAA1429 and IGF2BP1) signature of m6A regulators with prognostic value in UCEC that could effectively predict patient prognosis (log-rank test p-value < 0.0001). In addition, risk scores were significantly different between patients stratified by tumor stage, SNV, and CNV. Multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that risk score might be an independent prognostic indicator for the overall survival of patients with UCEC (p-value < 0.05). Gene enrichment analysis indicated that high IGF2BP1 gene expression is associated with cytoplasmic stress granules. KIAA1429 gene expression is associated with cellular nucleic acid metabolism. The expression of the IGF2BP3 gene is associated with RNA binding processes. In conclusion, we determined that genetic alterations in m6A regulatory genes could be effective and reliable biomarkers for UCEC prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Fang Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Zixuan Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xiaoxin Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
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Oza S, Badillo SA, Breevoort S, Florendo J. Women’s Cancer Rehabilitation: a Review of Functional Impairments and Interventions Among Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Survivors. CURRENT PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40141-020-00261-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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20
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Olejarz W, Kubiak-Tomaszewska G, Chrzanowska A, Lorenc T. Exosomes in Angiogenesis and Anti-angiogenic Therapy in Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165840. [PMID: 32823989 PMCID: PMC7461570 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the process through which new blood vessels are formed from pre-existing ones. Exosomes are involved in angiogenesis in cancer progression by transporting numerous pro-angiogenic biomolecules like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and microRNAs. Exosomes promote angiogenesis by suppressing expression of factor-inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). Uptake of tumor-derived exosomes (TEX) by normal endothelial cells activates angiogenic signaling pathways in endothelial cells and stimulates new vessel formation. TEX-driven cross-talk of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with immune cells blocks their anti-tumor activity. Effective inhibition of tumor angiogenesis may arrest tumor progression. Bevacizumab, a VEGF-specific antibody, was the first antiangiogenic agent to enter the clinic. The most important clinical problem associated with cancer therapy using VEGF- or VEFGR-targeting agents is drug resistance. Combined strategies based on angiogenesis inhibitors and immunotherapy effectively enhances therapies in various cancers, but effective treatment requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Olejarz
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (W.O.); (G.K.-T.)
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grażyna Kubiak-Tomaszewska
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (W.O.); (G.K.-T.)
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Chrzanowska
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Lorenc
- 1st Department of Clinical Radiology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-502-1073
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21
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Zhan L, Liu X, Zhang J, Cao Y, Wei B. Immune disorder in endometrial cancer: Immunosuppressive microenvironment, mechanisms of immune evasion and immunotherapy. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2075-2090. [PMID: 32782525 PMCID: PMC7400772 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is an emerging clinical approach that has gained traction over the past decade as a novel treatment option for lung cancer and melanoma. Notably, researchers have made marked improvements in the treatment of endometrial cancer (EC), and potential immune responses have been identified in patients with EC, thereby offering the possibility of exploring immunotherapy for EC. Nevertheless, various needs remain unmet, and immunotherapy applications in EC have yielded limited success, as only a minority of patients exhibited a clinical response. Therefore, further understanding of immune dysfunction associated with EC is still required. The present review describes recent findings regarding the immunosuppressive microenvironment of EC, with emphasis on immune evasion mechanisms and immunotherapy in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Bing Wei
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
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22
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Mbemi AT, Sims JN, Yedjou CG, Noubissi FK, Gomez CR, Tchounwou PB. Vernonia calvoana Shows Promise towards the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4429. [PMID: 32580345 PMCID: PMC7352360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment for ovarian cancers includes chemotherapies which use drugs such as cisplatin, paclitaxel, carboplatin, platinum, taxanes, or their combination, and other molecular target therapies. However, these current therapies are often accompanied with side effects. Vernonia calvoana (VC) is a valuable edible medicinal plant that is widespread in West Africa. In vitro data in our lab demonstrated that VC crude extract inhibits human ovarian cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting its antitumor activity. From the VC crude extract, we have generated 10 fractions and VC fraction 7 (F7) appears to show the highest antitumor activity towards ovarian cancer cells. However, the mechanisms by which VC F7 exerts its antitumor activity in cancer cells remain largely unknown. We hypothesized that VC F7 inhibits cell proliferation and induces DNA damage and cell cycle arrest in ovarian cells through oxidative stress. To test our hypothesis, we extracted and fractionated VC leaves. The effects of VC F7 were tested in OVCAR-3 cells. Viability was assessed by the means of MTS assay. Cell morphology was analyzed by acridine orange and propidium iodide (AO/PI) dye using a fluorescent microscope. Oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated by the means of lipid peroxidation, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase assays, respectively. The degree of DNA damage was assessed by comet assay. Cell cycle distribution was assessed by flow cytometry. Data generated from the MTS assay demonstrated that VC F7 inhibits the growth of OVCAR-3 cells in a dose-dependent manner, showing a gradual increase in the loss of viability in VC F7-treated cells. Data obtained from the AO/PI dye assessment revealed morphological alterations and exhibited characteristics such as loss of cellular membrane integrity, cell shrinkage, cell membrane damage, organelle breakdown, and detachment from the culture plate. We observed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the levels of malondialdhyde (MDA) production in treated cells compared to the control. A gradual decrease in both catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were observed in the treated cells compared to the control. Data obtained from the comet assay showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the percentages of DNA cleavage and comet tail length. The results of the flow cytometry analysis indicated VC F7 treatment caused cell cycle arrest at the S-phase checkpoint. Taken together, our results demonstrate that VC F7 exerts its anticancer activity by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing DNA damage, and causing cell cycle arrest through oxidative stress in OVAR-3 cells. This finding suggests that VC F7 may be a potential alternative dietary agent for the prevention and/or treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane T. Mbemi
- Natural Chemotherapeutics Research Laboratory, NIH/NIMHD RCMI-Center for Environmental Health, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA;
| | - Jennifer N. Sims
- School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson Medical Mall-Thad Cochran Center, 350 West Woodrow Wilson Avenue, Jackson, MS 39213, USA;
| | - Clement G. Yedjou
- Natural Chemotherapeutics Research Laboratory, NIH/NIMHD RCMI-Center for Environmental Health, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA;
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Technology, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, 1610 S. Martin Luther King Blvd, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Felicite K. Noubissi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA;
| | - Christian R. Gomez
- Departments of Pathology and Radiation Oncology, Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State St., Jackson, MS 39216, USA;
| | - Paul B. Tchounwou
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA;
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23
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Glajzer J, Grabowski JP, Sehouli J, Pfisterer J. Recurrent Treatment in Ovarian Cancer Patients: What Are the Best Regimens and the Order They Should Be Given? Curr Treat Options Oncol 2020; 21:49. [PMID: 32350695 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-020-00747-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT The choice of the right treatment regimen for recurrent ovarian cancer (rOC) remains a case-by-case decision. It is based on multiple factors that involve patient characteristics and biological factors at the same time. The prioritization of factors is still subject to changes with a trend towards a more personalized medicine. Therefore, participation and engagement in clinical studies constitutes a substantial need for the future development of the treatment algorithm of rOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Glajzer
- Department of Gynecology and Center of Oncological Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jacek P Grabowski
- Department of Gynecology and Center of Oncological Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jalid Sehouli
- Department of Gynecology and Center of Oncological Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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24
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Attini R, Cabiddu G, Montersino B, Gammaro L, Gernone G, Moroni G, Santoro D, Spotti D, Masturzo B, Gazzani IB, Menato G, Donvito V, Paoletti AM, Piccoli GB. Contraception in chronic kidney disease: a best practice position statement by the Kidney and Pregnancy Group of the Italian Society of Nephrology. J Nephrol 2020; 33:1343-1359. [PMID: 32166655 PMCID: PMC7701165 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-020-00717-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Even though fertility is reduced, conception and delivery are possible in all stages of CKD. While successful planned pregnancies are increasing, an unwanted pregnancy may have long-lasting deleterious effects, hence the importance of birth control, an issue often disregarded in clinical practice. The evidence summarized in this position statement is mainly derived from the overall population, or other patient categories, in the lack of guidelines specifically addressed to CKD. Oestroprogestagents can be used in early, non-proteinuric CKD, excluding SLE and immunologic disorders, at high risk of thromboembolism and hypertension. Conversely, progestin only is generally safe and its main side effect is intramestrual spotting. Non-medicated intrauterine devices are a good alternative; their use needs to be carefully evaluated in patients at a high risk of pelvic infection, even though the degree of risk remains controversial. Barrier methods, relatively efficacious when correctly used, have few risks, and condoms are the only contraceptives that protect against sexually transmitted diseases. Surgical sterilization is rarely used also because of the risks surgery involves; it is not definitely contraindicated, and may be considered in selected cases. Emergency contraception with high-dose progestins or intrauterine devices is not contraindicated but should be avoided whenever possible, even if far preferable to abortion. Surgical abortion is invasive, but experience with medical abortion in CKD is still limited, especially in the late stages of the disease. In summary, personalized contraception is feasible, safe and should be offered to all CKD women of childbearing age who do not want to get pregnant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Attini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Ospedale Sant'Anna, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Benedetta Montersino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Ospedale Sant'Anna, Turin, Italy
| | - Linda Gammaro
- Nephrology Ospedale Fracastoro San Bonifacio, San Bonifacio, Italy
| | | | - Gabriella Moroni
- Nephrology, Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Santoro
- Nephrology and Dialysis, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria "G. Martino", Messina, Italy
| | - Donatella Spotti
- Nephrology and Dialysis, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Bianca Masturzo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Ospedale Sant'Anna, Turin, Italy
| | - Isabella Bianca Gazzani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Ospedale Sant'Anna, Turin, Italy
| | - Guido Menato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Ospedale Sant'Anna, Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Donvito
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Sant'Anna, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Paoletti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giorgina Barbara Piccoli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Università di Torino, Turin, Italy. .,Nephrology and Dialysis, Centre Hospitalier Le Mans, Le Mans, France.
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25
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Sebaoun P, Frederic M, Weryha G, Hamdaoui SE, Salleron J, Lesur A. Tolérance du Tamoxifène en traitement adjuvant et devenir lointain de 55 femmes non ménopausées suivies à l’Institut de cancérologie de Lorraine, pour un cancer du sein. Bull Cancer 2019; 106:S75-S100. [DOI: 10.1016/s0007-4551(20)30050-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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26
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Remmerie M, Janssens V. PP2A: A Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Endometrial Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:462. [PMID: 31214504 PMCID: PMC6558005 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, the use of targeted therapies has immensely increased in the treatment of cancer. However, treatment for endometrial carcinomas (ECs) has lagged behind, although potential molecular markers have been identified. This is particularly problematic for the type II ECs, since these aggressive tumors are usually not responsive toward the current standard therapies. Therefore, type II ECs are responsible for most EC-related deaths, indicating the need for new treatment options. Interestingly, molecular analyses of type II ECs have uncovered frequent genetic alterations (up to 40%) in PPP2R1A, encoding the Aα subunit of the tumor suppressive heterotrimeric protein phosphatase type 2A (PP2A). PPP2R1A mutations were also reported in type I ECs and other common gynecologic cancers, albeit at much lower frequencies (0-7%). Nevertheless, PP2A inactivation in the latter cancer types is common via other mechanisms, in particular by increased expression of Cancerous Inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) and PP2A Methylesterase-1 (PME-1) proteins. In this review, we discuss the therapeutic potential of direct and indirect PP2A targeting compounds, possibly in combination with other anti-cancer drugs, in EC. Furthermore, we investigate the potential of the PP2A status as a predictive and/or prognostic marker for type I and II ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Veerle Janssens
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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