1
|
Deng H, Jia Q, Ming X, Sun Y, Lu Y, Liu L, Zhou J. Hippo pathway in intestinal diseases: focusing on ferroptosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1291686. [PMID: 38130953 PMCID: PMC10734691 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1291686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of intestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer, has steadily increased over the past decades. The Hippo pathway is involved in cell proliferation, tissue and organ damage, energy metabolism, tumor formation, and other physiologic processes. Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death characterized by the accumulation of iron and lipid peroxides. The Hippo pathway and ferroptosis are associated with various intestinal diseases; however, the crosstalk between them is unclear. This review elaborates on the current research on the Hippo pathway and ferroptosis in the context of intestinal diseases. We summarized the connection between the Hippo pathway and ferroptosis to elucidate the underlying mechanism by which these pathways influence intestinal diseases. We speculate that a mutual regulatory mechanism exists between the Hippo pathway and ferroptosis and these two pathways interact in several ways to regulate intestinal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
| | - Qiuting Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
| | - Xin Ming
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Sun
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yousefi H, Delavar MR, Piroozian F, Baghi M, Nguyen K, Cheng T, Vittori C, Worthylake D, Alahari SK. Hippo signaling pathway: A comprehensive gene expression profile analysis in breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113144. [PMID: 35623167 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in women and a major public health concern. The Hippo pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that serves as a key regulator for a wide variety of biological processes. Hippo signaling has been shown to have both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive functions in various cancers. Core components of the Hippo pathway consist of various kinases and downstream effectors such as YAP/TAZ. In the current report, differential expression of Hippo pathway elements as well as the correlation of Hippo pathway mRNAs with various clinicopathologic characteristics, including molecular subtypes, receptor status, and methylation status, has been investigated in BC using METABRIC and TCGA datasets. In this review, we note deregulation of several Hippo signaling elements in BC patients. Moreover, we see examples of negative correlations between methylation of Hippo genes and mRNA expression. The expression of Hippo genes significantly varies between different receptor subgroups. Because of the clear associations between mRNA expression and methylation status, DNA methylation may be one of the mechanisms that regulate the Hippo pathway in BC cells. Differential expression of Hippo genes among various BC molecular subtypes suggests that Hippo signaling may function differently in different subtypes of BC. Our data also highlights an interesting link between Hippo components' transcription and ER negativity in BC. In conclusion, substantial deregulation of Hippo signaling components suggests an important role of these genes in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Yousefi
- Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Mahsa Rostamian Delavar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Baghi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Khoa Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Thomas Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Cecilia Vittori
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - David Worthylake
- Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Suresh K Alahari
- Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hippo pathway-related genes expression is deregulated in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Med Oncol 2022; 39:97. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01696-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
4
|
Jin J, Zhang L, Li X, Xu W, Yang S, Song J, Zhang W, Zhan J, Luo J, Zhang H. OUP accepted manuscript. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:3817-3834. [PMID: 35349706 PMCID: PMC9023286 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are constantly produced in cells, an excess of which causes oxidative stress. ROS has been linked to regulation of the Hippo pathway; however, the underlying detailed mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report that MOB1, a substrate of MST1/2 and co-activator of LATS1/2 in the canonical Hippo pathway, interacts with and is acetylated at lysine 11 by acetyltransferase CBP and deacetylated by HDAC6. MOB1-K11 acetylation stabilizes itself by reducing its binding capacity with E3 ligase Praja2 and subsequent ubiquitination. MOB1-K11 acetylation increases its phosphorylation and activates LATS1. Importantly, upstream oxidative stress signals promote MOB1 acetylation by suppressing CBP degradation, independent of MST1/2 kinase activity and HDAC6 deacetylation effect, thereby linking oxidative stress to activation of the Hippo pathway. Functionally, the acetylation-deficient mutant MOB1-K11R promotes lung cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and accelerates tumor growth in vivo, compared to the wild-type MOB1. Clinically, acetylated MOB1 corresponds to better prediction of overall survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Therefore, as demonstrated, an oxidative stress-CBP regulatory axis controls MOB1-K11 acetylation and activates LATS1, thereby activating the Hippo pathway and suppressing YAP/TAZ nuclear translocation and tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Jin
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Peking University International Cancer Institute; MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Peking University International Cancer Institute; MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xueying Li
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Peking University International Cancer Institute; MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weizhi Xu
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Peking University International Cancer Institute; MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Siyuan Yang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Peking University International Cancer Institute; MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiagui Song
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Peking University International Cancer Institute; MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jun Zhan
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Peking University International Cancer Institute; MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jianyuan Luo
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +86 10 82802424; Fax: +86 10 82802424;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ando N, Tanaka K, Otsubo K, Toyokawa G, Ikematsu Y, Ide M, Yoneshima Y, Iwama E, Inoue H, Ijichi K, Tagawa T, Nakanishi Y, Okamoto I. Association of Mps one binder kinase activator 1 (MOB1) expression with poor disease-free survival in individuals with non-small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:2830-2839. [PMID: 32841529 PMCID: PMC7529568 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mps one binder kinase activator 1 (MOB1) is a core component of the Hippo signaling pathway and has been implicated as a tumor suppressor. Here, we evaluated the possible relationship of MOB1 expression in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to prognosis. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 205 lung adenocarcinoma patients treated at Kyushu University Hospital between November 2007 and October 2012. MOB1 expression in tumor cells of surgical specimens was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Invasive activity of NSCLC cell lines in vitro was measured with a transwell assay. Results Expression of MOB1 was classified as high in 105 of the 205 (51.2%) tumor specimens, and such high expression was significantly associated with poor disease‐free survival (P = 0.0161). Among the various clinicopathologic parameters examined, high MOB1 expression was significantly associated only with intratumoral vascular invasion (P = 0.0005). Multivariate analysis also identified high MOB1 expression as a significant independent risk factor for disease‐free survival (P = 0.0319). The invasiveness of H1299 cells in vitro was increased or attenuated by overexpression or knockdown of MOB1, respectively. Conclusions Our results suggest that MOB1 might promote early recurrence of NSCLC by increasing vascular invasion by tumor cells. Key points Significant findings of the study We found that high MOB1 expression in surgical specimens of lung adenocarcinoma was associated with poor disease‐free survival and with intratumoral vascular invasion. MOB1 expression also promoted the invasiveness of NSCLC cells in vitro. What this study adds Our results thus suggest that high MOB1 expression is a risk factor for early postoperative recurrence in lung adenocarcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhisa Ando
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tanaka
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohei Otsubo
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Gouji Toyokawa
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Ikematsu
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Maako Ide
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuto Yoneshima
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eiji Iwama
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Inoue
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kayo Ijichi
- Pathophysiological and Experimental Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuzo Tagawa
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoichi Nakanishi
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Kitakyushu City Hospital Organization, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Isamu Okamoto
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
RNA-binding protein Musashi2 regulates Hippo signaling via SAV1 and MOB1 in pancreatic cancer. Med Oncol 2020; 37:84. [PMID: 32780197 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-020-01384-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Musashi 2 (MSI2), a member of the Musashi RNA-binding family, is reported to be an oncoprotein in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but the mechanisms of MSI2 in the development and progression of PDAC have not been fully demonstrated. In this research, we studied the clinical significance, biologic effects and the underlying mechanism of MSI2 in the progression of PDAC. The expression of MSI2, Mps-binding protein 1 (MOB1) and Salvador family WW domain-containing protein 1 (SAV1) in PDAC tissues were analyzed immunohistochemically. The biologic effects of MSI2 regarding PDAC cell proliferation, migration and invasion were studied using gain- and loss-of-function assays. MSI2 regulated Hippo signaling pathway via SAV1 and MOB1 was tested in several PDAC cell lines, and the mechanisms were studied using molecular biologic methods. The expression of MSI2 was significantly increased in PDAC cell lines and tissues, and positively associated with tumor poorer differentiation, lymph nodes metastasis and TNM stages. Overexpression of MSI2 promoted PDAC cells proliferation, migration and invasion. Further studies demonstrated that MSI2 regulated the Hippo signaling pathway via directly binding to the mRNAs of SAV1 and MOB1, and controlled the translation and stability of SAV1 and the translation of MOB1. This study demonstrated that MSI2 regulated the Hippo signaling pathway via suppressing SAV1 and MOB1 at post-transcriptional level and promoted PDAC progression.
Collapse
|
7
|
Azad T, Rezaei R, Surendran A, Singaravelu R, Boulton S, Dave J, Bell JC, Ilkow CS. Hippo Signaling Pathway as a Central Mediator of Receptors Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs) in Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082042. [PMID: 32722184 PMCID: PMC7463967 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway plays a critical role in tissue and organ growth under normal physiological conditions, and its dysregulation in malignant growth has made it an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in the fight against cancer. To date, its complex signaling mechanisms have made it difficult to identify strong therapeutic candidates. Hippo signaling is largely carried out by two main activated signaling pathways involving receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)—the RTK/RAS/PI3K and the RTK-RAS-MAPK pathways. However, several RTKs have also been shown to regulate this pathway to engage downstream Hippo effectors and ultimately influence cell proliferation. In this text, we attempt to review the diverse RTK signaling pathways that influence Hippo signaling in the context of oncogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taha Azad
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (T.A.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (R.S.); (S.B.); (J.D.); (J.C.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Reza Rezaei
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (T.A.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (R.S.); (S.B.); (J.D.); (J.C.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Abera Surendran
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (T.A.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (R.S.); (S.B.); (J.D.); (J.C.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Ragunath Singaravelu
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (T.A.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (R.S.); (S.B.); (J.D.); (J.C.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Stephen Boulton
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (T.A.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (R.S.); (S.B.); (J.D.); (J.C.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Jaahnavi Dave
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (T.A.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (R.S.); (S.B.); (J.D.); (J.C.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - John C. Bell
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (T.A.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (R.S.); (S.B.); (J.D.); (J.C.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Carolina S. Ilkow
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (T.A.); (R.R.); (A.S.); (R.S.); (S.B.); (J.D.); (J.C.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-613-737-8899 (ext. 75208)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Duhart JC, Raftery LA. Mob Family Proteins: Regulatory Partners in Hippo and Hippo-Like Intracellular Signaling Pathways. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:161. [PMID: 32266255 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00161/full] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies in yeast first delineated the function of Mob proteins in kinase pathways that regulate cell division and shape; in multicellular eukaryotes Mobs regulate tissue growth and morphogenesis. In animals, Mobs are adaptors in Hippo signaling, an intracellular signal-transduction pathway that restricts growth, impacting the development and homeostasis of animal organs. Central to Hippo signaling are the Nuclear Dbf2-Related (NDR) kinases, Warts and LATS1 and LATS2, in flies and mammals, respectively. A second Hippo-like signaling pathway has been uncovered in animals, which regulates cell and tissue morphogenesis. Central to this emergent pathway are the NDR kinases, Tricornered, STK38, and STK38L. In Hippo signaling, NDR kinase activation is controlled by three activating interactions with a conserved set of proteins. This review focuses on one co-activator family, the highly conserved, non-catalytic Mps1-binder-related (Mob) proteins. In this context, Mobs are allosteric activators of NDR kinases and adaptors that contribute to assembly of multiprotein NDR kinase activation complexes. In multicellular eukaryotes, the Mob family has expanded relative to model unicellular yeasts; accumulating evidence points to Mob functional diversification. A striking example comes from the most sequence-divergent class of Mobs, which are components of the highly conserved Striatin Interacting Phosphatase and Kinase (STRIPAK) complex, that antagonizes Hippo signaling. Mobs stand out for their potential to modulate the output from Hippo and Hippo-like kinases, through their roles both in activating NDR kinases and in antagonizing upstream Hippo or Hippo-like kinase activity. These opposing Mob functions suggest that they coordinate the relative activities of the Tricornered/STK38/STK38L and Warts/LATS kinases, and thus have potential to assemble nodes for pathway signaling output. We survey the different facets of Mob-dependent regulation of Hippo and Hippo-like signaling and highlight open questions that hinge on unresolved aspects of Mob functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Duhart
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | - Laurel A Raftery
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Duhart JC, Raftery LA. Mob Family Proteins: Regulatory Partners in Hippo and Hippo-Like Intracellular Signaling Pathways. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:161. [PMID: 32266255 PMCID: PMC7096357 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in yeast first delineated the function of Mob proteins in kinase pathways that regulate cell division and shape; in multicellular eukaryotes Mobs regulate tissue growth and morphogenesis. In animals, Mobs are adaptors in Hippo signaling, an intracellular signal-transduction pathway that restricts growth, impacting the development and homeostasis of animal organs. Central to Hippo signaling are the Nuclear Dbf2-Related (NDR) kinases, Warts and LATS1 and LATS2, in flies and mammals, respectively. A second Hippo-like signaling pathway has been uncovered in animals, which regulates cell and tissue morphogenesis. Central to this emergent pathway are the NDR kinases, Tricornered, STK38, and STK38L. In Hippo signaling, NDR kinase activation is controlled by three activating interactions with a conserved set of proteins. This review focuses on one co-activator family, the highly conserved, non-catalytic Mps1-binder-related (Mob) proteins. In this context, Mobs are allosteric activators of NDR kinases and adaptors that contribute to assembly of multiprotein NDR kinase activation complexes. In multicellular eukaryotes, the Mob family has expanded relative to model unicellular yeasts; accumulating evidence points to Mob functional diversification. A striking example comes from the most sequence-divergent class of Mobs, which are components of the highly conserved Striatin Interacting Phosphatase and Kinase (STRIPAK) complex, that antagonizes Hippo signaling. Mobs stand out for their potential to modulate the output from Hippo and Hippo-like kinases, through their roles both in activating NDR kinases and in antagonizing upstream Hippo or Hippo-like kinase activity. These opposing Mob functions suggest that they coordinate the relative activities of the Tricornered/STK38/STK38L and Warts/LATS kinases, and thus have potential to assemble nodes for pathway signaling output. We survey the different facets of Mob-dependent regulation of Hippo and Hippo-like signaling and highlight open questions that hinge on unresolved aspects of Mob functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurel A. Raftery
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lysine demethylase 2 (KDM2B) regulates hippo pathway via MOB1 to promote pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) progression. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:13. [PMID: 31941533 PMCID: PMC6961382 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Mps1 binding protein (MOB1) is one of the core components of the mammalian Hippo pathway and plays important roles in cancer development. However, its expression, function and regulation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have not been revealed yet. Methods The expression of MOB1 and lysine demethylase 2B (KDM2B) in PDAC and adjacent normal pancreas tissues were measured. Also, the underlying mechanisms of altered MOB1 expression and its impact on PDAC biology were investigated. Results We revealed for the first time that MOB1 was decreased expression in PDAC and was a statistically significant independent predictor of poor survival, and restored expression of MOB1 suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of PDAC cells. Further studies demonstrated that KDM2B directly bound to the promoter region of MOB1, and suppressed the promoter activity of MOB1 and transcriptionally inhibited the MOB1 expression. Furthermore, KDM2B regulated Hippo pathway and promoted PDAC proliferation, migration and invasion via MOB1. Conclusion This study demonstrated the mechanism and roles of a novel KDM2B/MOB1/Hippo signaling in PDAC progression.
Collapse
|
11
|
Gundogdu R, Hergovich A. MOB (Mps one Binder) Proteins in the Hippo Pathway and Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8060569. [PMID: 31185650 PMCID: PMC6627106 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of MOBs (monopolar spindle-one-binder proteins) is highly conserved in the eukaryotic kingdom. MOBs represent globular scaffold proteins without any known enzymatic activities. They can act as signal transducers in essential intracellular pathways. MOBs have diverse cancer-associated cellular functions through regulatory interactions with members of the NDR/LATS kinase family. By forming additional complexes with serine/threonine protein kinases of the germinal centre kinase families, other enzymes and scaffolding factors, MOBs appear to be linked to an even broader disease spectrum. Here, we review our current understanding of this emerging protein family, with emphases on post-translational modifications, protein-protein interactions, and cellular processes that are possibly linked to cancer and other diseases. In particular, we summarise the roles of MOBs as core components of the Hippo tissue growth and regeneration pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramazan Gundogdu
- Vocational School of Health Services, Bingol University, 12000 Bingol, Turkey.
| | - Alexander Hergovich
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, WC1E 6BT, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang L, Li B, Zhang L, Li Q, He Z, Zhang X, Huang X, Xu Z, Xia Y, Zhang Q, Li Q, Xu J, Sun G, Xu Z. miR-664a-3p functions as an oncogene by targeting Hippo pathway in the development of gastric cancer. Cell Prolif 2019; 52:e12567. [PMID: 30883979 PMCID: PMC6536452 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It has been accounted that miR-664a-3p has different functions in several malignancies; however, the precise role and underlying mechanism in gastric cancer have not been elucidated. Our study aims to explore the function of miR-664a-3p on the progression of gastric cancer (GC). METHODS qRT-PCR was applied to detect the expression of miR-664a-3p in GC tissues and cells. The functions of miR-664a-3p on GC in vitro were examined by cell proliferation assay, and transwell assay. Related proteins of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and signal pathway were evaluated by Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. The bioinformatic, dual-luciferase assay or ChIP assay were employed to identify the interaction between miR-664a-3p and its target gene or Foxp3. The effects in vivo were investigated through a mouse tumorigenicity model. RESULTS miR-664a-3p was frequently upregulated in GC tissues and cells. Elevated expression of miR-664a-3p significantly promoted proliferation and invasion in vitro and in vivo. MOB1A was confirmed to be a target of miR-664a-3p and restoration of MOB1A attenuated the effects of miR-664a-3p. A series of investigations indicated that miR-664a-3p contributed to EMT process and inactivated the Hippo pathway by downregulating MOB1A. CONCLUSION Taken together, we revealed that miR-664a-3p functions as an oncogene by targeting Hippo pathway in the development of gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Qing Li
- School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhongyuan He
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiaoxu Huang
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yiwen Xia
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jianghao Xu
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Guangli Sun
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zekuan Xu
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim YH, Byun YJ, Kim WT, Jeong P, Yan C, Kang HW, Kim YJ, Lee SC, Moon SK, Choi YH, Yun SJ, Kim WJ. CDC6 mRNA Expression Is Associated with the Aggressiveness of Prostate Cancer. J Korean Med Sci 2018; 33:e303. [PMID: 30450027 PMCID: PMC6236078 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell division cycle 6 (CDC6) is an essential regulator of DNA replication and plays important roles in the activation and maintenance of the checkpoint mechanisms in the cell cycle. CDC6 has been associated with oncogenic activities in human cancers; however, the clinical significance of CDC6 in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated whether the CDC6 mRNA expression level is a diagnostic and prognostic marker in PCa. METHODS The study subjects included 121 PCa patients and 66 age-matched benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients. CDC6 expression was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical (IH) staining, and then compared according to the clinicopathological characteristics of PCa. RESULTS CDC6 mRNA expression was significantly higher in PCa tissues than in BPH control tissues (P = 0.005). In addition, CDC6 expression was significantly higher in patients with elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels (> 20 ng/mL), a high Gleason score, and advanced stage than in those with low PSA levels, a low Gleason score, and earlier stage, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high expression of CDC6 was significantly associated with advanced stage (≥ T3b) (odds ratio [OR], 3.005; confidence interval [CI], 1.212-7.450; P = 0.018) and metastasis (OR, 4.192; CI, 1.079-16.286; P = 0.038). Intense IH staining for CDC6 was significantly associated with a high Gleason score and advanced tumor stage including lymph node metastasis stage (linear-by-linear association, P = 0.044 and P = 0.003, respectively). CONCLUSION CDC6 expression is associated with aggressive clinicopathological characteristics in PCa. CDC6 may be a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker in PCa patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Hwan Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University, College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Young Joon Byun
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University, College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Won Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University, College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Pildu Jeong
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University, College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Chunri Yan
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University, College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Ho Won Kang
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University, College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yong-June Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University, College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sang-Cheol Lee
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University, College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sung-Kwon Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
| | - Yung-Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Oriental Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Seok Joong Yun
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University, College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Wun-Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University, College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ngo TTM, Moufarrej MN, Rasmussen MLH, Camunas-Soler J, Pan W, Okamoto J, Neff NF, Liu K, Wong RJ, Downes K, Tibshirani R, Shaw GM, Skotte L, Stevenson DK, Biggio JR, Elovitz MA, Melbye M, Quake SR. Noninvasive blood tests for fetal development predict gestational age and preterm delivery. Science 2018; 360:1133-1136. [PMID: 29880692 PMCID: PMC7734383 DOI: 10.1126/science.aar3819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Noninvasive blood tests that provide information about fetal development and gestational age could potentially improve prenatal care. Ultrasound, the current gold standard, is not always affordable in low-resource settings and does not predict spontaneous preterm birth, a leading cause of infant death. In a pilot study of 31 healthy pregnant women, we found that measurement of nine cell-free RNA (cfRNA) transcripts in maternal blood predicted gestational age with comparable accuracy to ultrasound but at substantially lower cost. In a related study of 38 women (25 full-term and 13 preterm deliveries), all at elevated risk of delivering preterm, we identified seven cfRNA transcripts that accurately classified women who delivered preterm up to 2 months in advance of labor. These tests hold promise for prenatal care in both the developed and developing worlds, although they require validation in larger, blinded clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thuy T M Ngo
- Departments of Bioengineering and Applied Physics, Stanford University and Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mira N Moufarrej
- Departments of Bioengineering and Applied Physics, Stanford University and Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Joan Camunas-Soler
- Departments of Bioengineering and Applied Physics, Stanford University and Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Wenying Pan
- Departments of Bioengineering and Applied Physics, Stanford University and Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jennifer Okamoto
- Departments of Bioengineering and Applied Physics, Stanford University and Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Norma F Neff
- Departments of Bioengineering and Applied Physics, Stanford University and Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Keli Liu
- Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ronald J Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Katheryne Downes
- Maternal and Child Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Robert Tibshirani
- Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Gary M Shaw
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Line Skotte
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen 2300, Denmark
| | - David K Stevenson
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joseph R Biggio
- Center for Women's Reproductive Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Michal A Elovitz
- Maternal and Child Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mads Melbye
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen 2300, Denmark. .,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Stephen R Quake
- Departments of Bioengineering and Applied Physics, Stanford University and Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Otsubo K, Goto H, Nishio M, Kawamura K, Yanagi S, Nishie W, Sasaki T, Maehama T, Nishina H, Mimori K, Nakano T, Shimizu H, Mak TW, Nakao K, Nakanishi Y, Suzuki A. MOB1-YAP1/TAZ-NKX2.1 axis controls bronchioalveolar cell differentiation, adhesion and tumour formation. Oncogene 2017; 36:4201-4211. [PMID: 28346423 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mps One Binder Kinase Activator (MOB)1A/1B are core components of the Hippo pathway. These proteins, which coactivate LArge Tumour Suppressor homologue kinases, are also tumour suppressors. To investigate MOB1A/B's roles in normal physiology and lung cancer, we generated doxycycline (Dox)-inducible, bronchioalveolar epithelium-specific, null mutations of MOB1A/B in mice (SPC-rtTA/(tetO)7-Cre/Mob1aflox/flox/Mob1b-/-; termed luMob1DKO mice). Most mutants (70%) receiving Dox in utero (luMob1DKO (E6.5-18.5) mice) died of hypoxia within 1 h post-birth. Their alveolar epithelial cells showed increased proliferation, impaired YAP1/TAZ-dependent differentiation and decreased surfactant protein production, all features characteristic of human respiratory distress syndrome. Intriguingly, mutant mice that received Dox postnatally (luMob1DKO (P21-41) mice) did not develop spontaneous lung adenocarcinomas, and urethane treatment-induced lung tumour formation was decreased (rather than increased). Lungs of luMob1DKO (P21-41) mice exhibited increased detachment of bronchiolar epithelial cells and decreased numbers of the bronchioalveolar stem cells thought to initiate lung adenocarcinomas. YAP1/TAZ-NKX2.1-dependent expression of collagen XVII, a key hemidesmosome component, was also reduced. Thus, a MOB1-YAP1/TAZ-NKX2.1 axis is essential for normal lung homeostasis and expression of the collagen XVII protein necessary for alveolar stem cell maintenance in the lung niche.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Otsubo
- Division of Cancer Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Fukuoka, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - H Goto
- Division of Cancer Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Nishio
- Division of Cancer Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - K Kawamura
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Yanagi
- Division of Neurology, Respirology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - W Nishie
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Sasaki
- Department of Medical Biology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - T Maehama
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Nishina
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Mimori
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University, Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Oita, Japan
| | - T Nakano
- Department of Pathology, Medical School and Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - H Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T W Mak
- The Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - K Nakao
- Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Nakanishi
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - A Suzuki
- Division of Cancer Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nishio M, Maehama T, Goto H, Nakatani K, Kato W, Omori H, Miyachi Y, Togashi H, Shimono Y, Suzuki A. Hippo vs. Crab: tissue-specific functions of the mammalian Hippo pathway. Genes Cells 2017; 22:6-31. [PMID: 28078823 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway is a vital suppressor of tumorigenesis that is often inactivated in human cancers. In normal cells, the Hippo pathway is triggered by external forces such as cell crowding, or changes to the extracellular matrix or cell polarity. Once activated, Hippo signaling down-regulates transcription supported by the paralogous cofactors YAP1 and TAZ. The Hippo pathway's functions in normal and cancer biology have been dissected by studies of mutant mice with null or conditional tissue-specific mutations of Hippo signaling elements. In this review, we attempt to systematically summarize results that have been gleaned from detailed in vivo characterizations of these mutants. Our goal is to describe the physiological roles of Hippo signaling in several normal organ systems, as well as to emphasize how disruption of the Hippo pathway, and particularly hyperactivation of YAP1/TAZ, can be oncogenic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miki Nishio
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.,Division of Cancer Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Maehama
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroki Goto
- Division of Cancer Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nakatani
- Division of Cancer Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Wakako Kato
- Division of Cancer Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Omori
- Division of Cancer Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yosuke Miyachi
- Division of Cancer Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideru Togashi
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yohei Shimono
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akira Suzuki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.,Division of Cancer Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cacemiro MDC, Berzoti-Coelho MG, Cominal JG, Burin SM, Castro FAD. Hippo pathway deregulation: implications in the pathogenesis of haematological malignancies. J Clin Pathol 2016; 70:9-14. [PMID: 27798082 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2016-204055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway participates in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. It is composed by a large array of proteins whose deregulation has been associated with pro-oncogenic and antioncogenic processes. The present review focuses on the Hippo pathway signalling network and discusses its dual role in oncogenesis, particularly in haematological malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maira da Costa Cacemiro
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Gabriela Berzoti-Coelho
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juçara Gastaldi Cominal
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Mara Burin
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Attié de Castro
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Growth Inhibition Accompanied by MOB1 Upregulation in Human Acute Lymphoid Leukemia Cells by 3-Deazaneplanocin A. Biochem Genet 2015; 53:268-79. [PMID: 26298709 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-015-9688-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Our purpose was to investigate the effect of 3-deazaneplanocin A (DZNep) on human T-cell acute lymphoid leukemia (T-ALL) cells, and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. The human T-ALL cell line Molt4 was treated with DZNep, and cell proliferation was examined. The expression of Mps one binder kinase activator 1 gene (MOB1) mRNA and protein was determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The histone modification effect of DZNep on the lysine 9 of histone 3 associated with MOB1 promoters was examined with chromatin immunoprecipitation and quantitative PCR, and CpG methylation in MOB1 promoters was detected by bisulfite sequencing PCR. DZNep treatment inhibited the growth of Molt4 cells. The expressions of MOB1 genes were upregulated by DZNep treatment, and histone methylations in their promoters were significantly reduced. The results indicate that DZNep is a promising therapeutic compound for the treatment of human T-ALL.
Collapse
|
19
|
Kim EA, Kim YH, Kang HW, Yoon HY, Kim WT, Kim YJ, Yun SJ, Moon SK, Choi YH, Kim IY, Lee SC, Kim WJ. Lower Levels of Human MOB3B Are Associated with Prostate Cancer Susceptibility and Aggressive Clinicopathological Characteristics. J Korean Med Sci 2015; 30:937-42. [PMID: 26130958 PMCID: PMC4479949 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.7.937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mps one binder (MOB) proteins are integral components of signaling pathways that control important cellular processes, such as mitotic exit, centrosome duplication, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. However, the biochemical and cellular functions of the human MOB (hMOB) protein family remain largely unknown. The present study investigated the association between hMOB3B expression and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer (PCa).Study subjects included 137 PCa patients and 137 age-matched benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients. hMOB3B expression was estimated using real-time PCR and compared with clinicopathological parameters of PCa. hMOB3B mRNA expression was significantly lower in PCa tissues than in BPH control tissues (P<0.001). According to receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, the sensitivity of hMOB3B expression for PCa diagnosis was 84.7%, with a specificity of 86% (AUC=0.910; 95% CI=0.869-0.941; P<0.001). hMOB3B expression was significantly lower in patients with elevated prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels (≥10 ng/mL), a Gleason score≥8, and metastatic disease (any T, N+/M+) than in those with low PSA levels, a low Gleason score, and non-metastatic disease (each P<0.05). In conclusion, low levels of hMOB3B are closely associated with aggressive clinicopathologic features in patients with PCa. Our results suggest that hMOB3B may act as a tumor suppressor in human PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ah Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ye-Hwan Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ho Won Kang
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hyung-Yoon Yoon
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Won Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yong-June Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seok-Joong Yun
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sung-Kwon Moon
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biomaterial Control, Dong-Eui University, Busan, Korea
| | - Isaac Yi Kim
- Section of Urological Oncology, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Sang-Cheol Lee
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Wun-Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Valero V, Pawlik TM, Anders RA. Emerging role of Hpo signaling and YAP in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2015; 2:69-78. [PMID: 27508196 PMCID: PMC4918286 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s48505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer and the third most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Due to the poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options, there is great interest in further understanding better the molecular underpinnings and potential molecular targets associated with HCC. The Hippo (Hpo) signaling pathway and YAP, its principal downstream effector, represent an innovative area of research in HCC. Pioneered in Drosophila melanogaster, the Hpo cascade controls tissue homeostasis including organ size, cell proliferation, apoptosis, as well as cell-cycle regulation and differentiation. This conserved kinase cascade in mammals depends on central control by the tumor suppressor mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1/2 (Mst1/2). The Mst1/2 commences the downstream kinase cascade, ultimately activating the oncoprotein YAP and allowing its physical association with downstream targets to enhance the gene expression signatures that are involved in proliferation and survival. Alterations in YAP expression and defective regulation of other key Hpo pathway members, such as Mst1/2, Salvador, neurofibromatosis and Mer (Nf2/mer), large tumor suppressor homolog 1/2 (Lats1/2), and Mps one binder kinase activator-like 1A and 1B (Mob1) drive carcinogenesis in animal models. The dysregulation of the Hpo pathway – resulting in an unchecked activation of YAP – culminates in the development of a broad range of human tumor types, including HCC. The abrogation of Mst1/2-mediated YAP phosphorylation permits YAP entry into the nucleus in murine models and functions similarly in human HCCs. Chemoresistance mechanisms displayed by HCC tumors occur in a YAP-dependent manner. The HCC specimens exhibit YAP overexpression, and YAP serves as an independent prognostic marker for disease-free survival and overall survival in patients with HCC. Recently, the small molecule inhibitor, verteporfin has been shown to attenuate YAP activity in murine models, perhaps offering a novel therapeutic approach for patients with advanced HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Valero
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert A Anders
- Department of Pathology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yeung B, Yu J, Yang X. Roles of the Hippo pathway in lung development and tumorigenesis. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:533-9. [PMID: 25644176 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and accounts for one fifth of all cancer deaths worldwide. Although significant progress has been made toward our understanding of the causes of lung cancer, the 5-year survival is still lower than 15%. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel lung cancer biomarkers and drug targets. The Hippo signaling pathway is an emerging signaling pathway that regulates various biological processes. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that the Hippo pathway may play important roles in not only lung development but also lung tumorigenesis. In this review article, we will summarize the most recent advances and predict future directions on this new cancer research field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Yeung
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jihang Yu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ma Y, Yang Y, Wang F, Wei Q, Qin H. Hippo-YAP signaling pathway: A new paradigm for cancer therapy. Int J Cancer 2014; 137:2275-86. [PMID: 25042563 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In the past decades, the Hippo signaling pathway has been delineated and shown to play multiple roles in the control of organ size in both Drosophila and mammals. In mammals, the Hippo pathway is a kinase cascade leading from Mst1/2 to YAP and its paralog TAZ. Several studies have demonstrated that YAP/TAZ is a candidate oncogene and that other members of the Hippo pathway are tumor suppressive genes. The dysregulation of the Hippo pathway has been observed in a variety of cancers. This review chronicles the recent progress in elucidating the function of Hippo signaling in tumorigenesis and provide a rich source of potential targets for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlei Ma
- Department of GI Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhi Yang
- Department of GI Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of GI Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Wei
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanlong Qin
- Department of GI Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liang K, Zhou G, Zhang Q, Li J, Zhang C. Expression of hippo pathway in colorectal cancer. SAUDI JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SAUDI GASTROENTEROLOGY ASSOCIATION 2014. [PMID: 24976283 DOI: 10.4103/1319‐3767.133025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Hippo pathway plays a crucial role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. This study aimed to investigate the expression of Hippo pathway components in the progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to examine the mRNA expression levels of MST1, LATS2, YAP, TAZ, TEAD1, CDX2, and OCT4, and western blot (WB) was used to examine the protein expression levels of MST1, YAP, TEAD1, and CDX2 in 30 specimens of human colorectal adenomas, 50 pairs of human CRC tissues, and adjacent nontumorous tissues from CRC patients. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was used as the housekeeping gene in qRT-PCR. RESULTS The mRNA expression levels of MST1 and LATS2 showed an increasing tendency from CRC to adjacent nontumorous tissues (P < 0.001). Conversely, the mRNA expression levels of YAP, TAZ, TEAD, and OCT4 showed a decreasing tendency from CRC to adjacent nontumorous tissues (P < 0.001). MST1 protein was downregulated and YAP and TEAD1 proteins were upregulated in CRC (all P < 0.001). The mRNA and protein expression levels of CDX2 in CRC were significantly lower than those in colorectal adenomas and adjacent nontumorous tissues (P < 0.001), but there was no significant difference between the latter two groups (qRT-PCR, P = 0.113; WB, P = 0.151). Furthermore, statistical analysis showed that the expression levels of Hippo signal pathway components were associated with tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage. CONCLUSION Hippo pathway is suppressed in the progression from colorectal adenomas to CRC and is associated with CRC progression and metastasis. This study suggests the components of Hippo pathway might be prognostic indicators for CRC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cuiping Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liang K, Zhou G, Zhang Q, Li J, Zhang C. Expression of hippo pathway in colorectal cancer. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:188-94. [PMID: 24976283 PMCID: PMC4067916 DOI: 10.4103/1319-3767.133025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Hippo pathway plays a crucial role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. This study aimed to investigate the expression of Hippo pathway components in the progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to examine the mRNA expression levels of MST1, LATS2, YAP, TAZ, TEAD1, CDX2, and OCT4, and western blot (WB) was used to examine the protein expression levels of MST1, YAP, TEAD1, and CDX2 in 30 specimens of human colorectal adenomas, 50 pairs of human CRC tissues, and adjacent nontumorous tissues from CRC patients. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was used as the housekeeping gene in qRT-PCR. RESULTS The mRNA expression levels of MST1 and LATS2 showed an increasing tendency from CRC to adjacent nontumorous tissues (P < 0.001). Conversely, the mRNA expression levels of YAP, TAZ, TEAD, and OCT4 showed a decreasing tendency from CRC to adjacent nontumorous tissues (P < 0.001). MST1 protein was downregulated and YAP and TEAD1 proteins were upregulated in CRC (all P < 0.001). The mRNA and protein expression levels of CDX2 in CRC were significantly lower than those in colorectal adenomas and adjacent nontumorous tissues (P < 0.001), but there was no significant difference between the latter two groups (qRT-PCR, P = 0.113; WB, P = 0.151). Furthermore, statistical analysis showed that the expression levels of Hippo signal pathway components were associated with tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage. CONCLUSION Hippo pathway is suppressed in the progression from colorectal adenomas to CRC and is associated with CRC progression and metastasis. This study suggests the components of Hippo pathway might be prognostic indicators for CRC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangxi Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Glycobiology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Konsavage WM, Yochum GS. Intersection of Hippo/YAP and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2013; 45:71-9. [PMID: 23027379 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gms084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, signaling pathways have been perceived to act in an autonomous manner to regulate tissue morphology, size, differentiation, and development. Recent evidence suggests that these pathways often intersect and regulate one another to elicit an appropriate response to a complex set of stimuli. Two pathways known to be important for development, growth, and homeostasis are the Wnt/β-catenin and the Hippo/YAP pathways. Growing data indicate that these two pathways influence each other in a number of ways to properly regulate tissue growth and repair. Deregulation of these pathways often contributes to tumorigenesis. In this review, we will discuss the points of intersection between the Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo/YAP pathways and how these interactions contribute to homeostasis, organ repair, and tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wesley M Konsavage
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Nishio M, Hamada K, Kawahara K, Sasaki M, Noguchi F, Chiba S, Mizuno K, Suzuki SO, Dong Y, Tokuda M, Morikawa T, Hikasa H, Eggenschwiler J, Yabuta N, Nojima H, Nakagawa K, Hata Y, Nishina H, Mimori K, Mori M, Sasaki T, Mak TW, Nakano T, Itami S, Suzuki A. Cancer susceptibility and embryonic lethality in Mob1a/1b double-mutant mice. J Clin Invest 2012; 122:4505-18. [PMID: 23143302 DOI: 10.1172/jci63735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mps one binder 1a (MOB1A) and MOB1B are key components of the Hippo signaling pathway and are mutated or inactivated in many human cancers. Here we show that intact Mob1a or Mob1b is essential for murine embryogenesis and that loss of the remaining WT Mob1 allele in Mob1a(Δ/Δ)1b(tr/+) or Mob1a(Δ/+)1b(tr/tr) mice results in tumor development. Because most of these cancers resembled trichilemmal carcinomas, we generated double-mutant mice bearing tamoxifen-inducible, keratinocyte-specific homozygous-null mutations of Mob1a and Mob1b (kDKO mice). kDKO mice showed hyperplastic keratinocyte progenitors and defective keratinocyte terminal differentiation and soon died of malnutrition. kDKO keratinocytes exhibited hyperproliferation, apoptotic resistance, impaired contact inhibition, enhanced progenitor self renewal, and increased centrosomes. Examination of Hippo pathway signaling in kDKO keratinocytes revealed that loss of Mob1a/b altered the activities of the downstream Hippo mediators LATS and YAP1. Similarly, YAP1 was activated in some human trichilemmal carcinomas, and some of these also exhibited MOB1A/1B inactivation. Our results clearly demonstrate that MOB1A and MOB1B have overlapping functions in skin homeostasis, and exert their roles as tumor suppressors by regulating downstream elements of the Hippo pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miki Nishio
- Division of Cancer Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hippo signaling pathway in mammals:a new therapeutic target for tumors. YI CHUAN = HEREDITAS 2012; 34:269-80. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1005.2012.00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
28
|
Hippo signaling: A hub of growth control, tumor suppression and pluripotency maintenance. J Genet Genomics 2011; 38:471-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2011.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Revised: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
29
|
Hergovich A. MOB control: reviewing a conserved family of kinase regulators. Cell Signal 2011; 23:1433-40. [PMID: 21539912 PMCID: PMC3398134 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The family of Mps One binder (MOB) co-activator proteins is highly conserved from yeast to man. At least two different MOB proteins have been identified in every eukaryote analysed to date. Initially, yeast genetics revealed essential roles for Mob1p and Mob2p in the regulation of mitotic exit and cell morphogenesis. Studies in flies then showed that dMOB1/MATS is a core component of Hippo signalling. Loss of dMOB1 resulted in increased cell proliferation and decreased cell death, suggesting that MOB1 acts as tumour suppressor protein. Recent work focused primarily on mammalian cells has shown how hMOB1 can regulate NDR/LATS kinases, a function that can to be counteracted by hMOB2. Here we summarise and discuss our current knowledge of this emerging protein family, with emphasis on subcellular localisation, protein-protein interactions and biological functions in apoptosis, mitosis, morphogenesis, cell proliferation and centrosome duplication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hergovich
- Tumour Suppressor Signalling Networks laboratory, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, WC1E 6BT, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
First discovered in Drosophila, the Hippo signaling pathway is a conserved regulator of organ size. Central to this pathway is a kinase cascade leading from the tumor suppressor Hippo (Mst1 and Mst2 in mammals) to the oncoprotein Yki (YAP and TAZ in mammals), a transcriptional coactivator of target genes involved in cell proliferation and survival. Here, I review recent progress in elucidating the molecular mechanism and physiological function of Hippo signaling in Drosophila and mammals. These studies suggest that the core Hippo kinase cascade integrates multiple upstream inputs, enabling dynamic regulation of tissue homeostasis in animal development and physiology.
Collapse
|
31
|
Chow A, Hao Y, Yang X. Molecular characterization of human homologs of yeast MOB1. Int J Cancer 2010; 126:2079-89. [PMID: 19739119 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
MOB (Mps one binder) was originally identified in yeast as a regulator of mitotic exit and cytokinesis, and was later identified as a tumor suppressor and a component of an emerging Hippo-LATS tumor suppressor pathway in Drosophila (D). So far, 7 human homologs of yeast MOB (hMOB1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3, 4) have been identified. Although hMOB1A/B has been extensively studied, the biological features of other hMOBs are largely unknown. In addition, while hMOB1 has been reported to interact with and activate LATS (Large tumor suppressor)/Warts tumor suppressor, the functional significance of this is unknown. In this study, we have characterized, for the first time, the cellular and biochemical function of all human MOBs. By examining hMOB mRNAs expression in various human tissues, we found that hMOBs demonstrated different expression patterns. Further biochemical characterization of hMOBs showed that only hMOB1A and hMOB1B interact with both LATS1 and LATS2 in vitro and in vivo. Significantly, we have discovered that overexpression of hMOB1 in human cancer cells activated LATS activity and inhibited cell proliferation or caused apoptosis while hMOB1, targeting the plasma membrane, led to a more significant phenotype. Reciprocally, short-hairpin (sh) RNA-mediated suppression of hMOB1 causes increased cell proliferation. Our findings provided evidence that hMOB1A and hMOB1B are 2 LATS-binding proteins that may function as tumor suppressors in human cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Chow
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|