1
|
Horvath DP, Clay SA, Swanton CJ, Anderson JV, Chao WS. Response to Colbach et al. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:1331-1332. [PMID: 37778887 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David P Horvath
- USDA-ARS Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND 58102, USA.
| | - Sharon A Clay
- South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | | | - James V Anderson
- USDA-ARS Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND 58102, USA
| | - Wun S Chao
- USDA-ARS Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND 58102, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Horvath DP, Doherty CJ, Desai J, Clark N, Anderson JV, Chao WS. Weed-induced changes in the maize root transcriptome reveal transcription factors and physiological processes impacted early in crop-weed interactions. AOB PLANTS 2023; 15:plad013. [PMID: 37228420 PMCID: PMC10202722 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plad013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A new paradigm suggests weeds primarily reduce crop yield by altering crop developmental and physiological processes long before the weeds reduce resources through competition. Multiple studies have implicated stress response pathways are activated when crops such as maize are grown in close proximity with weeds during the first 4-8 weeks of growth-the point at which weeds have their greatest impact on subsequent crop yields. To date, these studies have mostly focused on the response of above-ground plant parts and have not examined the early signal transduction processes associated with maize root response to weeds. To investigate the impact of signals from a below-ground competitor on the maize root transcriptome when most vulnerable to weed pressure, a system was designed to expose maize to only below-ground signals. Gene set enrichment analyses identified over-represented ontologies associated with oxidative stress signalling throughout the time of weed exposure, with additional ontologies associated with nitrogen use and transport and abscisic acid (ABA) signalling, and defence responses being enriched at later time points. Enrichment of promoter motifs indicated over-representation of sequences known to bind FAR-RED IMPAIRED RESPONSE 1 (FAR1), several AP2/ERF transcription factors and others. Likewise, co-expression networks were identified using Weighted-Gene Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) and Spatiotemporal Clustering and Inference of Omics Networks (SC-ION) algorithms. WGCNA highlighted the potential roles of several transcription factors including a MYB 3r-4, TB1, WRKY65, CONSTANS-like5, ABF3, HOMEOBOX 12, among others. These studies also highlighted the role of several specific proteins involved in ABA signalling as being important for the initiation of the early response of maize to weeds. SC-ION highlighted potential roles for NAC28, LOB37, NAC58 and GATA2 transcription factors, among many others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Colleen J Doherty
- Metabolism and Disease Molecular and Systems Biology, North Carolina State University, 120 Broughton Dr., Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Jigar Desai
- Wave Life Sciences, 733 Concord Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Natalie Clark
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Merkin Building, 415 Main St., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - James V Anderson
- Sunflower and Plant Biology Research Unit, USDA-ARS-ETSARC, 1616 Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, ND 58102, USA
| | - Wun S Chao
- Sunflower and Plant Biology Research Unit, USDA-ARS-ETSARC, 1616 Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, ND 58102, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Horvath DP, Clay SA, Swanton CJ, Anderson JV, Chao WS. Weed-induced crop yield loss: a new paradigm and new challenges. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:567-582. [PMID: 36610818 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Direct competition for resources is generally considered the primary mechanism for weed-induced yield loss. A re-evaluation of physiological evidence suggests weeds initially impact crop growth and development through resource-independent interference. We suggest weed perception by crops induce a shift in crop development, before resources become limited, which ultimately reduce crop yield, even if weeds are subsequently removed. We present the mechanisms by which crops perceive and respond to weeds and discuss the technologies used to identify these mechanisms. These data lead to a fundamental paradigm shift in our understanding of how weeds reduce crop yield and suggest new research directions and opportunities to manipulate or engineer crops and cropping systems to reduce weed-induced yield losses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David P Horvath
- USDA-ARS Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND, USA.
| | | | | | - James V Anderson
- USDA-ARS Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Wun S Chao
- USDA-ARS Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Adjesiwor AT, Ballenger JG, Weinig C, Ewers BE, Kniss AR. Plastic response to early shade avoidance cues has season-long effect on Beta vulgaris growth and development. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:3538-3551. [PMID: 34424563 PMCID: PMC9290947 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Early-emerging weeds are known to negatively affect crop growth but the mechanisms by which weeds reduce crop yield are not fully understood. In a 4-year study, we evaluated the effect of duration of weed-reflected light on sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) growth and development. The study included an early-season weed removal series and a late-season weed addition series of treatments arranged in a randomized complete block, and the study design minimized direct resource competition. If weeds were present from emergence until the two true-leaf sugar beet stage, sugar beet leaf area was reduced 22%, leaf biomass reduced 25%, and root biomass reduced 32% compared to sugar beet grown season-long without surrounding weeds. Leaf area, leaf biomass, and root biomass was similar whether weeds were removed at the two true-leaf stage (approximately 330 GDD after planting) or allowed to remain until sugar beet harvest (approximately 1,240 GDD after planting). Adding weeds at the two true-leaf stage and leaving them until harvest (~1,240 GDD) reduced sugar beet leaf and root biomass by 18% and 23%, respectively. This work suggests sugar beet responds early and near-irreversibly to weed presence and has implications for crop management genetic improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albert T. Adjesiwor
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of WyomingLaramieWyomingUSA
- Present address:
Kimberly Research and Extension CenterUniversity of IdahoKimberly 83341IDUSA
| | | | - Cynthia Weinig
- Department of BotanyUniversity of WyomingLaramieWyomingUSA
- Department of Molecular BiologyUniversity of WyomingLaramieWyomingUSA
- Program in EcologyUniversity of WyomingLaramieWyomingUSA
| | - Brent E. Ewers
- Department of BotanyUniversity of WyomingLaramieWyomingUSA
- Program in EcologyUniversity of WyomingLaramieWyomingUSA
| | - Andrew R. Kniss
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of WyomingLaramieWyomingUSA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kaur P, Sachan S, Sharma A. Weed competitive ability in wheat: a peek through in its functional significance, present status and future prospects. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:2165-2179. [PMID: 34744359 PMCID: PMC8526637 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-01079-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Weed competitive ability of a crop is one of the most widely explored aspects in the current scenario of aftermaths of synthetic herbicides such as herbicide resistant weeds emergence, residue accumulation in trophic levels; increased demands of organic produce, global climatic shifts, and other environmental issues. Further weed infestations are known to cause much more economic losses relative to crop attacks by pests. To understand the basic characteristics and underlying processes governing the competitive ability of a crop is therefore prudent, particularly in staples such as wheat. We discuss here an overview of the existing attributes of wheat-weed environment, the significance of crop competitiveness and various associated above-ground and below-ground traits (pertaining to early seed vigor and early seedling germination) discerned through biological, classical genetics and high throughput omics toolbox to provide numerous resources in terms of genome and transcriptome sequences, potential QTLs, genetic variation, molecular markers, association mapping studies, and others. Competitiveness is a cumulative response manifested as morphological, physiological, biochemical or allelochemical response ultimately driven through genetic architecture of a crop and its interaction with environment. Development of wheat competitive cultivar thus requires interdisciplinary approaches and germplasm screening to identify potential donors for competitiveness is an attractive and feasible alternative. For which utilization of landraces and other wild species, already proven to house sufficient genetic heterogeneity, thus poses a competitive advantage. Further, the availability of novel breeding techniques such as rapid generation advance could speed up the development of competitive wheat ideotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parampreet Kaur
- School of Organic Farming, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab India
| | - Shephali Sachan
- School of Organic Farming, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab India
| | - Achla Sharma
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bruggeman SA, Horvath DP, Fennell AY, Gonzalez-Hernandez JL, Clay SA. Teosinte (Zea mays ssp parviglumis) growth and transcriptomic response to weed stress identifies similarities and differences between varieties and with modern maize varieties. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237715. [PMID: 32822374 PMCID: PMC7444550 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptomic responses of plants to weed presence gives insight on the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in the stress response. This study evaluated transcriptomic and morphological responses of two teosinte (Zea mays ssp parviglumis) (an ancestor of domesticated maize) lines (Ames 21812 and Ames 21789) to weed presence and absence during two growing seasons. Responses were compared after 6 weeks of growth in Aurora, South Dakota, USA. Plant heights between treatments were similar in Ames 21812, whereas branch number decreased when weeds were present. Ames 21789 was 45% shorter in weedy vs weed-free plots, but branch numbers were similar between treatments. Season-long biomass was reduced in response to weed stress in both lines. Common down-regulated subnetworks in weed-stressed plants were related to light, photosynthesis, and carbon cycles. Several unique response networks (e.g. aging, response to chitin) and gene sets were present in each line. Comparing transcriptomic responses of maize (determined in an adjacent study) and teosinte lines indicated three common gene ontologies up-regulated when weed-stressed: jasmonic acid response/signaling, UDP-glucosyl and glucuronyltransferases, and quercetin glucosyltransferase (3-O and 7-O). Overall, morphologic and transcriptomic differences suggest a greater varietal (rather than a conserved) response to weed stress, and implies multiple responses are possible. These findings offer insights into opportunities to define and manipulate gene expression of several different pathways of modern maize varieties to improve performance under weedy conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Bruggeman
- Biology Department, St. Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
| | - D. P. Horvath
- USDA-ARS-ETSARC, Sunflower and Plant Biology Research Unit, Fargo, ND, United States of America
| | - A. Y. Fennell
- Department of Agronomy, Horticulture & Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States of America
| | - J. L. Gonzalez-Hernandez
- Department of Agronomy, Horticulture & Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States of America
| | - S. A. Clay
- Department of Agronomy, Horticulture & Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|