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Tsombou FM, Saeed Sulaiman Jemei Al Dhanhani A, Mirza SB, Youssouf B, Ridouane FL. Effect of harvest timing and plant parts on the nutritional and chemical profile of five potential fodder plants found in eastern coast of United Arab Emirates. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11371. [PMID: 38762677 PMCID: PMC11102444 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62258-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Selecting highly nutritive fodder plants in arid regions can be a key to improving the livestock productivity. This work explores the variation in nutritive value of the leaves, stem, and shoots of five potential fodder plants of the Emirates of Fujairah, Erucaria hispanica, Haplophyllum tuberculatum, Convolvulus virgatus, Teucrium stocksianum, and Cleome Ibrachycarpa. influenced by two weather conditions, winter and spring. The plant samples underwent mineral composition, proximate, phytochemical, and heavy metals and two-way ANOVA. Weather data were accessed from National Center of Meteorology (NCM). Our findings reveal significant influences of collection time and species on nutritive content. Shoots collected in March exhibited higher ash (6.167%), crude protein (11.9%), crude fiber (14.89%), dry matter (45.86%), and total digestive nutrients (TDS) (48.35%), with lower tannin (5.11%) compared to January. Conversely, January-collected shoots had greater total sugar content (1.28 g/100 g). Plant organs played a crucial role, with leaves surpassing stems in Mg, P, Ca, K, Na, Mn, Zn, and Ni. Leaves also showed higher crude protein (23.33%), dry matter (92.26%), total ash (4.8%), and TDS (87.58%) compared to stems, while stems exhibited elevated crude fiber (17.45%) and tannin (4.53%). There is a need to assess the bioactive compounds found in these fodder species for the enhancement its effective use and maximize browsing of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shaher Bano Mirza
- Fujairah Research Centre, Sakamkam Road, Fujairah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Belaid Youssouf
- Fujairah Research Centre, Sakamkam Road, Fujairah, United Arab Emirates
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2
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Balfany C, Gutierrez J, Moncada M, Komarnytsky S. Current Status and Nutritional Value of Green Leaf Protein. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061327. [PMID: 36986057 PMCID: PMC10056349 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Green leaf biomass is one of the largest underutilized sources of nutrients worldwide. Whether it is purposely cultivated (forage crops, duckweed) or upcycled as a waste stream from the mass-produced agricultural crops (discarded leaves, offcuts, tops, peels, or pulp), the green biomass can be established as a viable alternative source of plant proteins in food and feed processing formulations. Rubisco is a major component of all green leaves, comprising up to 50% of soluble leaf protein, and offers many advantageous functional features in terms of essential amino acid profile, reduced allergenicity, enhanced gelation, foaming, emulsification, and textural properties. Nutrient profiles of green leaf biomass differ considerably from those of plant seeds in protein quality, vitamin and mineral concentration, and omega 6/3 fatty acid profiles. Emerging technological improvements in processing fractions, protein quality, and organoleptic profiles will enhance the nutritional quality of green leaf proteins as well as address scaling and sustainability challenges associated with the growing global demand for high quality nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Balfany
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Janelle Gutierrez
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Marvin Moncada
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Slavko Komarnytsky
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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3
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Inhibition of platelet aggregation by extracts and compounds from the leaves of Chilean bean landraces (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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4
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WANG XX, TAN JN, GAO JM, REN XH, WANG WM, GAO L. Proteolysis of burley tobacco-leaf extracts and antioxidant activity of the hydrolysates. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.98622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Xian WANG
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Lin GAO
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
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Anoop AA, Pillai PKS, Nickerson M, Ragavan KV. Plant leaf proteins for food applications: Opportunities and challenges. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:473-501. [PMID: 36478122 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Plant-based proteins are gaining a lot of attention for their health benefits and are considered as an alternative to animal proteins for developing sustainable food systems. Against the backdrop, ensuring a healthy diet supplemented with good quality protein will be a massive responsibility of governments across the globe. Increasing the yield of food crops has its limitations, including low acceptance of genetically modified crops, land availability for cultivation, and the need for large quantities of agrochemicals. It necessitates the sensible use of existing resources and farm output to derive the proteins. On average, the protein content of plant leaves is similar to that of milk, which can be efficiently tapped for food applications across the globe. There has been limited research on utilizing plant leaf proteins for food product development over the years, which has not been fruitful. However, the current global food production scenario has pushed some leading economies to reconsider the scope of plant leaf proteins with dedicated efforts. It is evident from installing pilot-scale demonstration plants for protein extraction from agro-food residues to cater to the protein demand with product formulation. The present study thoroughly reviews the opportunities and challenges linked to the production of plant leaf proteins, including its nutritional aspects, extraction and purification strategies, anti-nutritional factors, functional and sensory properties in food product development, and finally, its impact on the environment. Practical Application: Plant leaf proteins are one of the sustainable and alternative source of proteins. It can be produced in most of the agroclimatic conditions without requiring much agricultural inputs. It's functional properties are unique and finds application in novel food product formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Anoop
- Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Prasanth K S Pillai
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Michael Nickerson
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - K V Ragavan
- Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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6
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Ávila F, Cruz N, Alarcon-Espósito J, Nina N, Paillan H, Márquez K, Fuentealba D, Burgos-Edwards A, Theoduloz C, Vejar-Vivar C, Schmeda-Hirschmann G. Inhibition of advanced glycation end products and protein oxidation by leaf extracts and phenolics from Chilean bean landraces. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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7
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Promising perspectives on novel protein food sources combining artificial intelligence and 3D food printing for food industry. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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8
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Kaur G, Bhatia S. Radish leaf protein concentrates: optimization of alkaline extraction for production and characterization of an alternative plant protein concentrate. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01411-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Shen Y, Hong S, Li Y. Pea protein composition, functionality, modification, and food applications: A review. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2022; 101:71-127. [PMID: 35940709 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The demand for proteins continues to increase due to their nutritional benefits, the growing world population, and rising protein deficiency. Plant-based proteins represent a sustainable source to supplement costly animal proteins. Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is one of the most produced plant legume crops in the world and contributes to 26% of the total pulse production. The average protein content of pea is about 20%-25%. The commercial utilization of pea proteins is limited, partially due to its less desirable functionalities and beany off-flavor. Protein modification may change these properties and broaden the application of pea proteins in the food industry. Functional properties such as protein solubility, water and oil holding capacity, emulsifying/foaming capacity and stability, and gelation can be altered and improved by enzymatic, chemical, and physical modifications. These modifications work by affecting protein chemical structures, hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity balance, and interactions with other food constituents. Modifiers, reaction conditions, and degree of modifications are critical variables for protein modifications and can be controlled to achieve desirable functional attributes that may meet applications in meat analogs, baking products, dressings, beverages, dairy mimics, encapsulation, and emulsions. Understanding pea protein characteristics will allow us to design better functional ingredients for food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Shen
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Shan Hong
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Yonghui Li
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States.
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Alarcón-Espósito J, Nina N, Theoduloz C, Burgos-Edwards A, Paillan H, Schmeda-Hirschmann G. Phenolic Composition and α-Glucosidase Inhibition of Leaves from Chilean Bean Landraces. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 77:135-140. [PMID: 35182308 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-022-00955-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The MeOH:H2O (7:3) extracts of leaves from Chilean bean landraces were assessed for total phenolic (TP), total flavonoid (TF), total proanthocyanidin (TPA) content, antioxidant capacity (ORAC, FRAP, TEAC, CUPRAC, DPPH) and the inhibition of enzymes associated with metabolic syndrome (α-glucosidase, α-amylase, pancreatic lipase). The chemical profiles were analyzed by HPLC-DAD. Higher antioxidant activity in the ORAC and CUPRAC assay was found for the landrace Coscorrón, and the best effect in the TEAC for Sapito, respectively. The main phenolics were flavonol glycosides and caffeic acid derivatives. The extracts presented strong activity against α-glucosidase, but were inactive towards α-amylase and pancreatic lipase. The leaf extract from the Sapito landrace was fractionated to isolate the main α-glucosidase inhibitors, leading to caffeoylmalic acid with an IC50 of 0.21 μg/mL. The HPLC fingerprints of the leaves differentiate three groups of chemical profiles, according to the main phenolic content. A significant correlation was found between the α-glucosidase inhibition, the content of caffeoylmalic acid (r = -0.979) and kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucoside (r = 0.942) in the extracts. The presence of α-glucosidase inhibitors in the leaves of Chilean beans support their potential as a source of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazmín Alarcón-Espósito
- Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados CEAP, Campus Lircay, Talca, 3460000, Talca, Chile
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Nélida Nina
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Cristina Theoduloz
- Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados CEAP, Campus Lircay, Talca, 3460000, Talca, Chile
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Alberto Burgos-Edwards
- Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados CEAP, Campus Lircay, Talca, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Hernán Paillan
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann
- Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados CEAP, Campus Lircay, Talca, 3460000, Talca, Chile.
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, 3460000, Talca, Chile.
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11
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Owade JO, Abong’ G, Okoth M, Mwang’ombe AW. A review of the contribution of cowpea leaves to food and nutrition security in East Africa. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:36-47. [PMID: 31993130 PMCID: PMC6977510 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cowpea leaf is among the African indigenous vegetables that have been recommended for possible alleviation of food and nutrition insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The vegetable is rich in micronutrients including iron and vitamin A whose deficiencies are prevalent in SSA. Considering the limitation of seasonal availability, preservation techniques have been adopted to enhance availability with little success. This review aims at highlighting the contribution of cowpeas leaves to food and nutrition security as well as research gaps that must be addressed to promote the utilization of value-added forms that would have extended effect of improving its production and consumption. It was found that preserved and fresh cowpea leaves were rich in beta-carotene and iron in the ranges of 0.25-36.55 and 0.17-75.00 mg/100 g dry weight, respectively. The proportion of rural households incorporating the vegetable in its various forms in the region can be as high as 30%. With adequate utilization, the vegetable provided up to ≥ 75% and 25% of RDAs for vitamin A and iron, respectively, of children aged 4-8. However, the utilization of preserved forms faced a limitation for a deviation of up to 30% in their sensory scores and decreased nutrient content as compared to the fresh ones hugely hindered their market penetration. Utilization of novel processing techniques incorporating concept of hurdle technology can help address these quality losses. In conclusion, preservation of cowpea leaves should seek not only to enhance the shelf-life, but also to enhance acceptability of the products with a view of increased utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua O. Owade
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and TechnologyUniversity of NairobiNairobiKenya
| | - George Abong’
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and TechnologyUniversity of NairobiNairobiKenya
| | - Michael Okoth
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and TechnologyUniversity of NairobiNairobiKenya
| | - Agnes W. Mwang’ombe
- Department of Plant Science and Crop ProtectionUniversity of NairobiNairobiKenya
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12
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Miron LT, Postma RP, Bosch G, Eppink MH. Preliminary Evaluation of Aqueous Protein Extraction from Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens L.). Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2019. [DOI: 10.1089/ind.2019.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lucian T. Miron
- Bioprocess Engineering, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard P. Postma
- Bioprocess Engineering, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guido Bosch
- Animal Nutrition Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michel H.M. Eppink
- Bioprocess Engineering, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Optimizing and predicting degree of hydrolysis of ultrasound assisted sodium hydroxide extraction of protein from tea ( Camellia sinensis L.) residue using response surface methodology. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2018; 55:5166-5174. [PMID: 30483014 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3407-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Response surface methodology was employed to investigate the effect of sodium hydroxide concentration (X 1: 0.05-0.15 M), sonication time (X 2: 5-15 min), ultrasonic power (X 3: 150-450 W/L), and solid-liquid ratio (X 4: 20-60 g/L) on the optimization of protein extraction from tea residue. Single frequency countercurrent ultrasound (SFCU) was employed to assist the extraction and subsequent hydrolysis of the protein. Optimal extraction conditions were established and response surfaces were generated using mathematical models. There were positive linear and negative quadratic effects of extraction variables on protein yield. The optimal predicted protein yield of 138.9 mg/g was obtained under the optimum conditions of concentration of 0.13 M, extraction time of 13 min, ultrasonic power of 377 W/L and solid-liquid ratio of 51.5 g/L. A model for the degree of hydrolysis of the extraction process was also obtained which gave a predicted and experimental value of 8.4% and 7.5% respectively. Essential amino acid content of 36.7% was obtained under optimal conditions.
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Khan LH, Varshney VK. Chemical Utilization of Albizia lebbeck Leaves for Developing Protein Concentrates as a Dietary Supplement. J Diet Suppl 2018; 15:386-397. [PMID: 28816555 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2017.1349232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In search of nonconventional sources of protein to combat widespread malnutrition, the possibility of developing a protein concentrate as an alternative dietary supplement from abundantly available yet poorly valorized leaves of Albizia lebbeck (siris) was examined. A process for recovery of leaf protein concentrate (LPC) from these leaves was optimized and applied for isolation of LPCs from lower, middle, and upper canopies of the tree. The optimized conditions (leaves to water 1:9, coagulation at pH 4.0 using 1 N citric acid at 90°C for 11 minutes) afforded LPCs containing protein 37.15%, 37.57%, and 37.76% in 5.99%, 5.97%, and 6.07% yield, respectively. The proximate nutritional composition, pigments, minerals, in vitro digestibility, and antinutritional factors of these LPCs were determined. Analysis of variance of these data revealed no significant difference with respect to canopy. Use of Albizia lebbeck leaves for development of LPC as a food/feed supplement was revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - V K Varshney
- a Chemistry Division , Forest Research Institute , DehraDun , India
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15
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Enzyme assisted extraction of biomolecules as an approach to novel extraction technology: A review. Food Res Int 2018; 108:309-330. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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16
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Savoo S, Mudhoo A. Biomethanation macrodynamics of vegetable residues pretreated by low-frequency microwave irradiation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 248:280-286. [PMID: 28602662 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The effects of microwave irradiation on the digestibility and biogas production of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) leaves were investigated using biochemical methane potential (BMP) assays. Cow dung was utilised as inoculum. Different microwave powers (87.5, 175 and 350W) were applied in a first set of runs for 15min. The second set consisted of 20, 25 and 30min irradiation at 350W. Based on ANOVA analysis (α=0.05), biogas production was significantly higher for the irradiated substrates compared to controls. The peak biogas production was 700ml for 36days HRT for 350W/25min. Peak COD, SCOD, volatile and total solids removals were 54.84%, 39.08%, 34.60% and 71.96%, respectively. Phosphate and total nitrogen increased significantly. Cumulative biogas production data fitted the modified Gompertz equation well. The highest biogas yield was 0.271L/g VSremoved at a 350W microwave irradiation for 30min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanmooga Savoo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mauritius, Reduit 80837, Mauritius
| | - Ackmez Mudhoo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mauritius, Reduit 80837, Mauritius.
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Rameshraddy, Pavithra GJ, Rajashekar Reddy BH, Salimath M, Geetha KN, Shankar AG. Zinc oxide nano particles increases Zn uptake, translocation in rice with positive effect on growth, yield and moisture stress tolerance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40502-017-0303-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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18
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Requena MC, González CNA, Barragán LAP, Correia T, Esquivel JCC, Herrera RR. Functional and physico-chemical properties of six desert-sources of dietary fiber. FOOD BIOSCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Gadalkar SM, Gogate PR, Rathod VK. Recovery of Proteins from Rice Mill Industry Waste (Rice Bran) Using Alkaline or NaCl-Assisted Alkaline Extraction Processes. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sagar M. Gadalkar
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology; Mumbai 400019 India
| | - Parag R. Gogate
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology; Mumbai 400019 India
| | - Virendra K. Rathod
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology; Mumbai 400019 India
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Horn LN, Ghebrehiwot HM, Shimelis HA. Selection of Novel Cowpea Genotypes Derived through Gamma Irradiation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:262. [PMID: 27148275 PMCID: PMC4834446 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) yields are considerably low in Namibia due to lack of improved varieties and biotic and abiotic stresses, notably, recurrent drought. Thus, genetic improvement in cowpea aims to develop cultivars with improved grain yield and tolerance to abiotic and biotic stress factors. The objective of this study was to identify agronomically desirable cowpea genotypes after mutagenesis using gamma irradiation. Seeds of three traditional cowpea varieties widely grown in Namibia including Nakare (IT81D-985), Shindimba (IT89KD-245-1), and Bira (IT87D-453-2) were gamma irradiated with varied doses and desirable mutants were selected from M2 through M6 generations. Substantial genetic variability was detected among cowpea genotypes after mutagenesis across generations including in flowering ability, maturity, flower and seed colors and grain yields. Ten phenotypically and agronomically stable novel mutants were isolated at the M6 each from the genetic background of the above three varieties. The selected promising mutants' lines are recommended for adaptability and stability tests across representative agro-ecologies for large-scale production or breeding in Namibia or similar environments. The novel cowpea genotypes selected through the study are valuable genetic resources for genetic enhancement and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia N. Horn
- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-NatalPietermaritzburg, South Africa
- Directorate of Research and Training, Plant Production Research, Ministry of Agriculture, Water and ForestryWindhoek, Namibia
| | - Habteab M. Ghebrehiwot
- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-NatalPietermaritzburg, South Africa
- African Centre for Crop Improvement, University of KwaZulu-NatalPietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Hussein A. Shimelis
- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-NatalPietermaritzburg, South Africa
- African Centre for Crop Improvement, University of KwaZulu-NatalPietermaritzburg, South Africa
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Yu X, Bogaert L, Hu R, Bals O, Grimi N, Vorobiev E. A combined coagulation–ultrafiltration method for enhanced separation of proteins and polyphenols. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2016.1141957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Zhang C, Sanders JPM, Xiao TT, Bruins ME. How Does Alkali Aid Protein Extraction in Green Tea Leaf Residue: A Basis for Integrated Biorefinery of Leaves. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0133046. [PMID: 26200774 PMCID: PMC4511586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Leaf protein can be obtained cost-efficiently by alkaline extraction, but overuse of chemicals and low quality of (denatured) protein limits its application. The research objective was to investigate how alkali aids protein extraction of green tea leaf residue, and use these results for further improvements in alkaline protein biorefinery. Protein extraction yield was studied for correlation to morphology of leaf tissue structure, protein solubility and hydrolysis degree, and yields of non-protein components obtained at various conditions. Alkaline protein extraction was not facilitated by increased solubility or hydrolysis of protein, but positively correlated to leaf tissue disruption. HG pectin, RGII pectin, and organic acids were extracted before protein extraction, which was followed by the extraction of cellulose and hemi-cellulose. RGI pectin and lignin were both linear to protein yield. The yields of these two components were 80% and 25% respectively when 95% protein was extracted, which indicated that RGI pectin is more likely to be the key limitation to leaf protein extraction. An integrated biorefinery was designed based on these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Biobased Chemistry and Technology Group, AFSG, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WG Wageningen, Wageningen UR, the Netherlands
| | - Johan P. M. Sanders
- Biobased Chemistry and Technology Group, AFSG, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WG Wageningen, Wageningen UR, the Netherlands
- Food and Biobased Research Institute, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WG Wageningen, Wageningen UR, the Netherlands
| | - Ting T. Xiao
- Department of Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, Wageningen UR, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke E. Bruins
- Biobased Chemistry and Technology Group, AFSG, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WG Wageningen, Wageningen UR, the Netherlands
- Food and Biobased Research Institute, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WG Wageningen, Wageningen UR, the Netherlands
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Steffensen SK, Pedersen HA, Labouriau R, Mortensen AG, Laursen B, de Troiani RM, Noellemeyer EJ, Janovska D, Stavelikova H, Taberner A, Christophersen C, Fomsgaard IS. Variation of polyphenols and betaines in aerial parts of young, field-grown Amaranthus genotypes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:12073-12082. [PMID: 22007946 DOI: 10.1021/jf202969e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Amaranthus hybridus and Amaranthus mantegazzianus are commonly cultivated and the entire young fresh plants consumed as vegetables in regions of Africa and Asia. A. hybridus and A. mantegazzianus were cultivated at four sites in three climate regions of the world: Santa Rosa, Argentina; Lleida, Spain; and Prague and Olomouc, both in the Czech Republic. The contents of flavonoids (isoquercitrin, rutin, nicotiflorin), hydroxybenzoic acids (protocatechuic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid), hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid), hydroxycinnamyl amides (N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyl-4-O-methyldopamine), and betaines (glycinebetaine, trigonelline) were determined. The variation in phytochemical content due to species and cultivation site was analyzed utilizing the multivariate statistical methods of principal component analysis (PCA) and graphical model (GM). The Argentinean samples differed from the three other locations due to higher contents of most compounds. The samples from Spain and the Czech Republic differed from each other in the content of the negatively correlated metabolites trigonelline and the flavonoids. The two amaranth species were separated primarily by a higher content of trigonelline and the two hydroxycinnamyl amides in A. mantegazzianus. The GM showed that the quantities of the different analytes within each compound group were intercorrelated except in the case of the betaines. The betaines carried no information on each other that was not given through correlations with other compounds. The hydroxycinnamic acids were a key group of compounds in this analysis as they separated the other groups from each other (i.e., carried information on all of the other groups). This study showed the contents of polyphenols and betaines in the aerial parts of vegetable amaranth to be very dependent on growth conditions, but also revealed that some of the compounds (trigonelline and the two hydroxycinnamyl amides) may be useful as features of a taxonomic classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Krogh Steffensen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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