1
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Identification of potential microRNA diagnostic panels and uncovering regulatory mechanisms in breast cancer pathogenesis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20135. [PMID: 36418345 PMCID: PMC9684445 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24347-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis of breast cancer (BC), as the most common cancer among women, increases the survival rate and effectiveness of treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) control various cell behaviors, and their dysregulation is widely involved in pathophysiological processes such as BC development and progress. In this study, we aimed to identify potential miRNA biomarkers for early diagnosis of BC. We also proposed a consensus-based strategy to analyze the miRNA expression data to gain a deeper insight into the regulatory roles of miRNAs in BC initiation. Two microarray datasets (GSE106817 and GSE113486) were analyzed to explore the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in serum of BC patients and healthy controls. Utilizing multiple bioinformatics tools, six serum-based miRNA biomarkers (miR-92a-3p, miR-23b-3p, miR-191-5p, miR-141-3p, miR-590-5p and miR-190a-5p) were identified for BC diagnosis. We applied our consensus and integration approach to construct a comprehensive BC-specific miRNA-TF co-regulatory network. Using different combination of these miRNA biomarkers, two novel diagnostic models, consisting of miR-92a-3p, miR-23b-3p, miR-191-5p (model 1) and miR-92a-3p, miR-23b-3p, miR-141-3p, and miR-590-5p (model 2), were obtained from bioinformatics analysis. Validation analysis was carried out for the considered models on two microarray datasets (GSE73002 and GSE41922). The model based on similar network topology features, comprising miR-92a-3p, miR-23b-3p and miR-191-5p was the most promising model in the diagnosis of BC patients from healthy controls with 0.89 sensitivity, 0.96 specificity and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.98. These findings elucidate the regulatory mechanisms underlying BC and represent novel biomarkers for early BC diagnosis.
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2
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Kim WR, Park EG, Lee HE, Park SJ, Huh JW, Kim JN, Kim HS. Hsa-miR-422a Originated from Short Interspersed Nuclear Element Increases ARID5B Expression by Collaborating with NF-E2. Mol Cells 2022; 45:465-478. [PMID: 35444070 PMCID: PMC9260135 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2022.2158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of target messenger RNA (mRNA) complementary to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) at the post-transcriptional level. Hsa-miR-422a, which is commonly known as miRNA derived from transposable element (MDTE), was derived from short interspersed nuclear element (SINE). Through expression analysis, hsa-miR-422a was found to be highly expressed in both the small intestine and liver of crab-eating monkey. AT-Rich Interaction Domain 5 B (ARID5B) was selected as the target gene of hsa-miR-422a, which has two binding sites in both the exon and 3'UTR of ARID5B. To identify the interaction between hsa-miR-422a and ARID5B, a dual luciferase assay was conducted in HepG2 cell line. The luciferase activity of cells treated with the hsa-miR-422a mimic was upregulated and inversely downregulated when both the hsa-miR-422a mimic and inhibitor were administered. Nuclear factor erythroid-2 (NF-E2) was selected as the core transcription factor (TF) via feed forward loop analysis. The luciferase expression was downregulated when both the hsa-miR-422a mimic and siRNA of NF-E2 were treated, compared to the treatment of the hsa-miR-422a mimic alone. The present study suggests that hsa-miR-422a derived from SINE could bind to the exon region as well as the 3'UTR of ARID5B. Additionally, hsa-miR-422a was found to share binding sites in ARID5Bwith several TFs, including NF-E2. The hsa-miR-422a might thus interact with TF to regulate the expression of ARID5B, as demonstrated experimentally. Altogether, hsa-miR-422a acts as a super enhancer miRNA of ARID5Bby collaborating with TF and NF-E2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Ryung Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Eun Gyung Park
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Hee-Eun Lee
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28199, Korea
| | - Sang-Je Park
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28199, Korea
| | - Jae-Won Huh
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28199, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Jeong Nam Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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3
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Regulatory Role of microRNAs Targeting the Transcription Co-Factor ZNF521 in Normal Tissues and Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168461. [PMID: 34445164 PMCID: PMC8395128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Powerful bioinformatics tools have provided a wealth of novel miRNA–transcription factor networks crucial in controlling gene regulation. In this review, we focus on the biological functions of miRNAs targeting ZNF521, explaining the molecular mechanisms by which the dysregulation of this axis contributes to malignancy. ZNF521 is a stem cell-associated co-transcription factor implicated in the regulation of hematopoietic, neural, and mesenchymal stem cells. The aberrant expression of ZNF521 transcripts, frequently associated with miRNA deregulation, has been detected in several tumors including pancreatic, hepatocellular, gastric, bladder transitional cell carcinomas as well as in breast and ovarian cancers. miRNA expression profiling tools are currently identifying a multitude of miRNAs, involved together with oncogenes and TFs in the regulation of oncogenesis, including ZNF521, which may be candidates for diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of cancer.
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Lassandro G, Ciaccia L, Amoruso A, Palladino V, Palmieri VV, Giordano P. Focus on MicroRNAs as Biomarker in Pediatric Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:826-832. [PMID: 33087027 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201021125512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MiRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that are involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. MiRNAs are considered a class of epigenetic biomarkers. These biomarkers can investigate disease at different stages: diagnosis, therapy or clinical follow-up. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to highlight the innovative use of miRNAs in several childhood diseases. METHODS We conducted a literature review to search the usage of miRNAs in pediatric clinical routine or experimental trials. RESULTS We found a possible key role of miRNAs in different pediatric illnesses (metabolic alterations, coagulation defects, cancer). CONCLUSION The modest literature production denotes that further investigation is needed to assess and validate the promising role of miRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers in pediatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lassandro
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Loredana Ciaccia
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Amoruso
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Valentina Palladino
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Viviana V Palmieri
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Giordano
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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5
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Kang R, Tan Z, Lang M, Jin L, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Guo T, Guo Z. EnhFFL: A database of enhancer mediated feed-forward loops for human and mouse. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2021; 4:129-135. [PMID: 35694152 PMCID: PMC8982537 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbab006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Feed-forward loops (FFLs) are thought to be one of the most common and important classes of transcriptional network motifs involved in various diseases. Enhancers are cis-regulatory elements that positively regulate protein-coding genes or microRNAs (miRNAs) by recruiting DNA-binding transcription factors (TFs). However, a comprehensive resource to identify, store, and analyze the FFLs of typical enhancer and super-enhancer FFLs is not currently available. Here, we present EnhFFL, an online database to provide a data resource for users to browse and search typical enhancer and super-enhancer FFLs. The current database covers 46 280/7000 TF-enhancer-miRNA FFLs, 9997/236 enhancer-miRNA-gene FFLs, 3 561 164/3 193 182 TF-enhancer-gene FFLs, and 1259/235 TF-enhancer feed-back loops (FBLs) across 91 tissues/cell lines of human and mouse, respectively. Users can browse loops by selecting species, types of tissue/cell line, and types of FFLs. EnhFFL supports searching elements including name/ID, genomic location, and the conservation of miRNA target genes. We also developed tools for users to screen customized FFLs using the threshold of q value as well as the confidence score of miRNA target genes. Disease and functional enrichment analysis showed that master miRNAs that are widely engaged in FFLs including TF-enhancer-miRNAs and enhancer-miRNA-genes are significantly involved in tumorigenesis. Database URL:http://lcbb.swjtu.edu.cn/EnhFFL/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Kang
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Zhengtang Tan
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Mei Lang
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Linqi Jin
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Tailin Guo
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Zhiyun Guo
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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6
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Gray JS, Campbell MJ. Challenges and Opportunities of Genomic Approaches in Therapeutics Development. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2194:107-126. [PMID: 32926364 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0849-4_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The magnitude of all therapeutic responses is significantly determined by genome structure, variation, and functional interactions. This determination occurs at many levels which are discussed in the current review. Well-established examples of structural variation between individuals are known to dictate an individual's response to numerous drugs, as clearly illustrated by warfarin. The exponential rate of genomic-based interrogation is coupled with an expanding repertoire of genomic technologies and applications. This is leading to an ever more sophisticated appreciation of how structural variation, regulation of transcription and genomic structure, both individually and collectively, define cell therapeutic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimie S Gray
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Moray J Campbell
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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7
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Singh P, Sharma A, Jha R, Arora S, Ahmad R, Rahmani AH, Almatroodi SA, Dohare R, Syed MA. Transcriptomic analysis delineates potential signature genes and miRNAs associated with the pathogenesis of asthma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13354. [PMID: 32770056 PMCID: PMC7414199 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70368-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a multifarious disease affecting several million people around the world. It has a heterogeneous risk architecture inclusive of both genetic and environmental factors. This heterogeneity can be utilised to identify differentially expressed biomarkers of the disease, which may ultimately aid in the development of more localized and molecularly targeted therapies. In this respect, our study complies with meta-analysis of microarray datasets containing mRNA expression profiles of both asthmatic and control patients, to identify the critical Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. We found a total of 30 DEGs out of which 13 were involved in the pathway and functional enrichment analysis. Moreover, 5 DEGs were identified as the hub genes by network centrality-based analysis. Most hub genes were involved in protease/antiprotease pathways. Also, 26 miRNAs and 20 TFs having an association with these hub genes were found to be intricated in a 3-node miRNA Feed-Forward Loop. Out of these, miR-34b and miR-449c were identified as the key miRNAs regulating the expression of SERPINB2 gene and SMAD4 transcription factor. Thus, our study is suggestive of certain miRNAs and unexplored pathways which may pave a way to unravel critical therapeutic targets in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prithvi Singh
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Archana Sharma
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Rishabh Jha
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Shweta Arora
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Rafiq Ahmad
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ravins Dohare
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
| | - Mansoor Ali Syed
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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8
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Nuzziello N, Ciaccia L, Liguori M. Precision Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Some Promising Tips Coming from the microRNAs' World. Cells 2019; 9:E75. [PMID: 31892254 PMCID: PMC7017296 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
: Novel insights in the development of a precision medicine approach for treating the neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are provided by emerging advances in the field of pharmacoepigenomics. In this context, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been extensively studied because of their implication in several disorders related to the central nervous system, as well as for their potential role as biomarkers of diagnosis, prognosis, and response to treatment. Recent studies in the field of neurodegeneration reported evidence that drug response and efficacy can be modulated by miRNA-mediated mechanisms. In fact, miRNAs seem to regulate the expression of pharmacology target genes, while approved (conventional and non-conventional) therapies can restore altered miRNAs observed in NDDs. The knowledge of miRNA pharmacoepigenomics may offers new clues to develop more effective treatments by providing novel insights into interindividual variability in drug disposition and response. Recently, the therapeutic potential of miRNAs is gaining increasing attention, and miRNA-based drugs (for cancer) have been under observation in clinical trials. However, the effective use of miRNAs as therapeutic target still needs to be investigated. Here, we report a brief review of representative studies in which miRNAs related to therapeutic effects have been investigated in NDDs, providing exciting potential prospects of miRNAs in pharmacoepigenomics and translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Nuzziello
- National Research Council, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Bari Unit, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Loredana Ciaccia
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Liguori
- National Research Council, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Bari Unit, 70126 Bari, Italy
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9
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Shivram H, Le SV, Iyer VR. MicroRNAs reinforce repression of PRC2 transcriptional targets independently and through a feed-forward regulatory network. Genome Res 2019; 29:184-192. [PMID: 30651280 PMCID: PMC6360819 DOI: 10.1101/gr.238311.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression can be regulated at multiple levels, but it is not known if and how there is broad coordination between regulation at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Transcription factors and chromatin regulate gene expression transcriptionally, whereas microRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs that function post-transcriptionally. Systematically identifying the post-transcriptional targets of miRNAs and the mechanism of transcriptional regulation of the same targets can shed light on regulatory networks connecting transcriptional and post-transcriptional control. We used individual-nucleotide resolution UV crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (iCLIP) for the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) component AGO2 and global miRNA depletion to identify genes directly targeted by miRNAs. We found that Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and its associated histone mark, H3K27me3, is enriched at hundreds of miRNA-repressed genes. We show that these genes are directly repressed by PRC2 and constitute a significant proportion of direct PRC2 targets. For just over half of the genes corepressed by PRC2 and miRNAs, PRC2 promotes their miRNA-mediated repression by increasing expression of the miRNAs that are likely to target them. miRNAs also repress the remainder of the PRC2 target genes, but independently of PRC2. Thus, miRNAs post-transcriptionally reinforce silencing of PRC2-repressed genes that are inefficiently repressed at the level of chromatin, by either forming a feed-forward regulatory network with PRC2 or repressing them independently of PRC2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haridha Shivram
- Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Steven V Le
- Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Vishwanath R Iyer
- Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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10
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Nuzziello N, Vilardo L, Pelucchi P, Consiglio A, Liuni S, Trojano M, Liguori M. Investigating the Role of MicroRNA and Transcription Factor Co-regulatory Networks in Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113652. [PMID: 30463275 PMCID: PMC6274935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and transcription factors (TFs) play key roles in complex multifactorial diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS). Starting from the miRNomic profile previously associated with a cohort of pediatric MS (PedMS) patients, we applied a combined molecular and computational approach in order to verify published data in patients with adult-onset MS (AOMS). Six out of the 13 selected miRNAs (miR-320a, miR-125a-5p, miR-652-3p, miR-185-5p, miR-942-5p, miR-25-3p) were significantly upregulated in PedMS and AOMS patients, suggesting that they may be considered circulating biomarkers distinctive of the disease independently from age. A computational and unbiased miRNA-based screening of target genes not necessarily associated to MS was then performed in order to provide an extensive view of the genetic mechanisms underlying the disease. A comprehensive MS-specific miRNA-TF co-regulatory network was hypothesized; among others, SP1, RELA, NF-κB, TP53, AR, MYC, HDAC1, and STAT3 regulated the transcription of 61 targets. Interestingly, NF-κB and STAT3 cooperatively regulate the expression of immune response genes and control the cross-talk between inflammatory and immune cells. Further functional analysis will be performed on the identified critical hubs. Above all, in our view, this approach supports the need of multidisciplinary strategies for shedding light into the pathogenesis of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Nuzziello
- National Research Council, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Bari Unit, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Laura Vilardo
- National Research Council, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Segrate Unit, 20090 Milan, Italy.
| | - Paride Pelucchi
- National Research Council, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Segrate Unit, 20090 Milan, Italy.
| | - Arianna Consiglio
- National Research Council, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Bari Unit, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Sabino Liuni
- National Research Council, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Bari Unit, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Maria Trojano
- Department of Basic Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Maria Liguori
- National Research Council, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Bari Unit, 70126 Bari, Italy.
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11
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Sabirzhanov B, Faden AI, Aubrecht T, Henry R, Glaser E, Stoica BA. MicroRNA-711-Induced Downregulation of Angiopoietin-1 Mediates Neuronal Cell Death. J Neurotrauma 2018; 35:2462-2481. [PMID: 29774773 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) is a well-known endothelial growth factor, but its effects on neurons have yet to be elucidated. We show that Ang-1 is rapidly downregulated in the injured brain after controlled cortical impact (CCI), a mouse experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI) model and in etoposide-induced neuronal apoptosis in vitro. Ang-1 treatment inhibits etoposide-induced upregulation of proapoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family members Noxa, p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (Puma), Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death (Bim), and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax); reduces markers of caspase-dependent (cytochrome c release/caspase activation) and caspase-independent (apoptosis-inducing factor release) pathways; and limits neuronal cell death. Ang-1 treatment phosphorylates receptors Tunica interna endothelial cell kinase 2 (Tie2), and β1-integrin and limits the etoposide-induced decrease in protein kinase B (Akt) activity. Blocking Tie2 and β1-integrin signaling reduces Ang-1 neuroprotective effects. After both TBI and etoposide treatment microRNA (miR)-711 are upregulated, consistent with its putative role as a negative regulator of Ang-1. We show that miR-711 directly targets the Ang-1 messenger RNA (mRNA), decreasing Ang-1 expression. Increased levels of miR-711 and Ang-1 mRNA are found in the RNA-induced silencing complex complex site of miR-mediated degradation of target mRNAs after etoposide treatment and the miR-711mimic downregulates Ang-1. Administration of miR-711 inhibitor elevates Ang-1 after TBI whereas Ang-1 administration increases Akt activation; reduces Puma, Noxa, Bim, and Bax levels; and attenuates caspase-dependent and -independent neuronal apoptosis 24 h after TBI. Ang-1 also attenuates neuronal degeneration, increases gene expression of molecules that maintain blood-brain barrier integrity, and reduces post-traumatic lesion volume/edema 24 h after TBI. Although we only observed short-term neuroprotective effects after Ang-1 administration, miR-711-dependent downregulation of Ang-1, followed by Akt pathway inhibition, may play a role in neuronal cell death after neuronal injury in vitro and after experimental TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Sabirzhanov
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma, and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland , School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alan I Faden
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma, and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland , School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Taryn Aubrecht
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma, and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland , School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Rebecca Henry
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma, and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland , School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ethan Glaser
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma, and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland , School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bogdan A Stoica
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma, and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland , School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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12
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Sokół E, Kędzierska H, Czubaty A, Rybicka B, Rodzik K, Tański Z, Bogusławska J, Piekiełko-Witkowska A. microRNA-mediated regulation of splicing factors SRSF1, SRSF2 and hnRNP A1 in context of their alternatively spliced 3'UTRs. Exp Cell Res 2018; 363:208-217. [PMID: 29331391 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
SRSF1, SRSF2 and hnRNP A1 are splicing factors that regulate the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressors. SRSF1 and SRSF2 contribute to the carcinogenesis in the kidney. Despite their importance, the mechanisms regulating their expression in cancer are not entirely understood. Here, we investigated the microRNA-mediated regulation of SRSF1, SRSF2 and hnRNP A1 in renal cancer. The expression of microRNAs predicted to target SRSF1, SRSF2 and hnRNP A1 was disturbed in renal tumors compared with controls. Using qPCR, Western blot/ICC and luciferase reporter system assays we identified microRNAs that contribute to the regulation of expression of SRSF1 (miR-10b-5p, miR-203a-3p), SRSF2 (miR-183-5p, miR-200c-3p), and hnRNP A1 (miR-135a-5p, miR-149-5p). Silencing of SRSF1 and SRSF2 enhanced the expression of their targeting microRNAs. miR-183-5p and miR-200c-3p affected the expression of SRSF2-target genes, TNFRSF1B, TNFRSF9, CRADD and TP53. 3'UTR variants of SRSF1 and SRSF2 differed by the presence of miRNA-binding sites. In conclusion, we identified a group of microRNAs that contribute to the regulation of expression of SRSF1, SRSF2 and hnRNP A1. The microRNAs targeting SRSF1 and SRSF2 are involved in a regulatory feedback loop. microRNAs miR-183-5p and miR-200c-3p that target SRSF2, affect the expression of genes involved in apoptotic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Sokół
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hanna Kędzierska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Czubaty
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Rybicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Rodzik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Tański
- Masovian Specialist Hospital in Ostrołęka, Ostrołęka, Poland
| | - Joanna Bogusławska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Piekiełko-Witkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland.
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13
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Slattery ML, Mullany LE, Sakoda LC, Samowitz WS, Wolff RK, Stevens JR, Herrick JS. Expression of Wnt-signaling pathway genes and their associations with miRNAs in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 9:6075-6085. [PMID: 29464056 PMCID: PMC5814196 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt-signaling pathway functions in regulating cell growth and thus is involved in the carcinogenic process of several cancers, including colorectal cancer. We tested the hypothesis that multiple genes in this signaling pathway are dysregulated and that miRNAs are associated with these dysregulated genes. We used data from 217 colorectal cancer (CRC) cases to evaluate differences in Wnt-signaling pathway gene expression between paired CRC and normal mucosa and identify miRNAs that are associated with these genes. Gene expression data from RNA-Seq and miRNA expression data from Agilent Human miRNA Microarray V19.0 were analyzed. We focused on genes most strongly associated with CRC (fold change (FC) of >1.5 or <0.67) and that were statistically significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Of the 138 Wnt-signaling pathway genes examined, 27 were significantly down-regulated (FC<0.67) and 32 genes were significantly up-regulated (FC>1.50) after adjusting for multiple comparisons. Thirteen of the 66 Wnt-signaling genes that were differentially expressed in CRC tumors were associated with differential expression of miRNAs. A total of 93 miRNA:mRNA associations were detected for these 13 genes. Of these 93 associations, 36 miRNA seed-region matches were observed, suggesting that miRNAs have both direct and indirect effects on Wnt-signaling pathway genes. In summary, our data supports the hypothesis that the Wnt-signaling pathway is dysregulated in CRC and suggest that miRNAs may importantly influence that dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha L Slattery
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Lila E Mullany
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Lori C Sakoda
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Wade S Samowitz
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Roger K Wolff
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - John R Stevens
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
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14
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Soliman M, Andreeva K, Nasraoui O, Cooper NGF. A causal mediation model of ischemia reperfusion injury in the retina. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187426. [PMID: 29121052 PMCID: PMC5679526 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study is to develop a model that explains the relationship between microRNAs, transcription factors, and their co-target genes. This relationship was previously reported in gene regulatory loops associated with 24 hour (24h) and 7 day (7d) time periods following ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat's retina. Using a model system of retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, we propose that microRNAs first influence transcription factors, which in turn act as mediators to influence transcription of genes via triadic regulatory loops. Analysis of the relative contributions of direct and indirect regulatory influences on genes revealed that a substantial fraction of the regulatory loops (69% for 24 hours and 77% for 7 days) could be explained by causal mediation. Over 40% of the mediated loops in both time points were regulated by transcription factors only, while about 20% of the loops were regulated entirely by microRNAs. The remaining fractions of the mediated regulatory loops were cooperatively mediated by both microRNAs and transcription factors. The results from these analyses were supported by the patterns of expression of the genes, transcription factors, and microRNAs involved in the mediated loops in both post-ischemic time points. Additionally, network motif detection for the mediated loops showed a handful of time specific motifs related to ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat's retina. In summary, the effects of microRNAs on genes are mediated, in large part, via transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Soliman
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - Kalina Andreeva
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - Olfa Nasraoui
- Department of Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - Nigel G. F. Cooper
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America
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15
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Cheng Y, Yang H, Sun Y, Zhang H, Yu S, Lu Z, Chen J. RUNX1 promote invasiveness in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through regulating miR-93. Oncotarget 2017; 8:99567-99579. [PMID: 29245924 PMCID: PMC5725115 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factor 1(RUNX1), a key factor in hematopoiesis that mediates specification and homeostasis of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), is also overexpressed in several solid human cancers, and correlated with tumor progression. However, the expression and function of RUNX1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were still unclear. Here, we show that RUNX1 is highly expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissues and knocking down of RUNX1 attenuated aggressiveness in pancreatic cell lines. Moreover, we found that RUNX1 could negatively regulate the expression of miR-93. Bioinformatics method showed that there are two binding sites in the the promotor region of miR-93 precursor and through ChIP-qPCR and firefly luciferase reporter assay, we vertified that these two binding sites each have transcriptive activity in one pancreatic cell lines. This result supported our presumption that RUNX1 regulate miR-93 through binding to the promotor region of miR-93. Besides, the expression and function of miR-93 is quite the opposite, miR-93 overexpression suppresses migration and invasiveness in pancreatic cell lines supporting that RUNX1 negatively regulated miR-93. Our findings provided evidence regarding the role of RUNX1 as an oncogene through the inhibition of miR-93. Targeting RUNX1 can be a potential therapeutic strategy in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongkai Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangni Yu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Lu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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16
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Mullany LE, Herrick JS, Wolff RK, Stevens JR, Samowitz W, Slattery ML. Transcription factor-microRNA associations and their impact on colorectal cancer survival. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:2512-2526. [PMID: 28667784 PMCID: PMC5633497 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and Transcription Factors (TFs) both influence messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, disrupting biological pathways involved in carcinogenesis and prognosis. As many miRNAs target multiple mRNAs, thus influencing a multitude of biological pathways, deciphering which miRNAs are important for cancer development and survival is difficult. In this study, we (i) determine associations between TF and survival (N = 168 colon cancer cases); (ii) identify miRNAs associated with TFs related to survival; and (iii) determine if factors derived from TF-specific miRNA principal component analysis (PCA) influence survival. Cox Proportional hazard models were run for each PCA factor to determine Hazard Ratios (HR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) adjusting for age, center, and AJCC stage. Thirty TFs improved survival when differential expression increased; 27 of these were associated significantly with normal colonic mucosa expression of 65 unique miRNAs when an FDR q-value of <0.05 was applied. Five factors, comprising 21 miRNAs, altered survival in rectal cancer subjects; four of these five factors improved survival and one factor reduced survival. One factor comprising four miRNAs reduced survival in colon cancer subjects. In summary, our data suggest that expression of TFs and their related miRNAs influence survival after diagnosis with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lila E Mullany
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jennifer S Herrick
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Roger K Wolff
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - John R Stevens
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, Utah
| | - Wade Samowitz
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Martha L Slattery
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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17
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Wang Y. The inhibition of microRNA-15a suppresses hepatitis B virus-associated liver cancer cell growth through the Smad/TGF-β pathway. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:3520-3526. [PMID: 28498453 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the role of microRNA‑15a (miR‑15a) was investigated in hepatitis B virus (HBV)‑associated liver cancer. The results revealed that the expression levels of miR-15a were increased in HBV-associated liver cancer tissues compared with the levels in normal tumor‑adjacent tissues. Moreover, Smad-7 protein expression in patients with HBV-associated liver cancer was higher than that in normal tumor-adjacent tissues. In addition, miR-15a expression and Smad-7 protein expression were increased in HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells compared with that noted in L-02 normal hepatocytes. In HepG2 cells, miR-15a inhibition suppressed cell proliferation and increased Smad-7 protein expression. The inhibition of miR-15a was also demonstrated to decrease transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 protein expression and Smad-2, p-Smad-2 and Smad-4 expression levels in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, FSP1 protein expression and caspase-3/-7 activities were enhanced by miR-15a inhibition in HepG2 cells compared with the control group. Treatment with recombinant TGF-β1 was demonstrated to activate Smad‑2/-4 and FSP1 protein expression and increase caspase-3/-7 activity in HepG2 cells. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that the miR-15a/Smad-7/TGF-β pathway is important in HBV-associated liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Binzhou Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Hospital, Huimin, Binzhou, Shandong 251700, P.R. China
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18
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Paul S, Lakatos P, Hartmann A, Schneider-Stock R, Vera J. Identification of miRNA-mRNA Modules in Colorectal Cancer Using Rough Hypercuboid Based Supervised Clustering. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42809. [PMID: 28220871 PMCID: PMC5318911 DOI: 10.1038/srep42809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Differences in the expression profiles of miRNAs and mRNAs have been reported in colorectal cancer. Nevertheless, information on important miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules in colorectal cancer is still lacking. In this regard, this study presents an application of the RH-SAC algorithm on miRNA and mRNA expression data for identification of potential miRNA-mRNA modules. First, a set of miRNA rules was generated using the RH-SAC algorithm. The mRNA targets of the selected miRNAs were identified using the miRTarBase database. Next, the expression values of target mRNAs were used to generate mRNA rules using the RH-SAC. Then all miRNA-mRNA rules have been integrated for generating networks. The RH-SAC algorithm unlike other existing methods selects a group of co-expressed miRNAs and mRNAs that are also differentially expressed. In total 17 miRNAs and 141 mRNAs were selected. The enrichment analysis of selected mRNAs revealed that our method selected mRNAs that are significantly associated with colorectal cancer. We identified novel miRNA/mRNA interactions in colorectal cancer. Through experiment, we could confirm that one of our discovered miRNAs, hsa-miR-93-5p, was significantly up-regulated in 75.8% CRC in comparison to their corresponding non-tumor samples. It could have the potential to examine colorectal cancer subtype specific unique miRNA/mRNA interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Paul
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, India
| | - Petra Lakatos
- Experimental Tumorpathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Regine Schneider-Stock
- Experimental Tumorpathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Julio Vera
- Laboratory of Systems Tumor Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Erlangen University Hospital and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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19
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Engel T, Brennan GP, Sanz-Rodriguez A, Alves M, Beamer E, Watters O, Henshall DC, Jimenez-Mateos EM. A calcium-sensitive feed-forward loop regulating the expression of the ATP-gated purinergic P2X7 receptor via specificity protein 1 and microRNA-22. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1864:255-266. [PMID: 27840225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cells have developed complex transcriptional regulatory mechanisms to maintain intracellular homeostasis and withstand pathophysiological stressors. Feed-forward loops comprising transcription factors that drive expression of both target gene and a microRNA as negative regulator, are gaining increasing recognition as key regulatory elements of cellular homeostasis. The ATP-gated purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is an important driver of inflammation and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous brain diseases including epilepsy. Changes in P2X7R expression have been reported in both experimental models and in epilepsy patients but the mechanism(s) controlling P2X7R levels remain incompletely understood. The specificity protein 1 (Sp1) has been shown to induce P2X7R transcription in vitro and recent data has identified microRNA-22 as a post-transcriptional repressor of P2X7R expression after seizures. In the present study we show that Sp1 can induce the transcription of both microRNA-22 and P2X7R in vitro during increased neuronal activity and in vivo in a mouse model of status epilepticus. We further show that Sp1-driven microRNA-22 transcription is calcium-sensitive and Sp1 occupancy of the microRNA-22 promoter region is blocked under conditions of seizure activity sufficient to elicit neuronal death. Taken together, our results suggest a neuronal activity-dependent P2X7R expression which is induced by the transcription factor Sp1 and repressed in a calcium-dependent manner by microRNA-22.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Engel
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Gary P Brennan
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Amaya Sanz-Rodriguez
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mariana Alves
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Edward Beamer
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Orla Watters
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - David C Henshall
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eva M Jimenez-Mateos
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
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20
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A HIF-1α-driven feed-forward loop augments HIF signalling in Hep3B cells by upregulation of ARNT. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2284. [PMID: 27362802 PMCID: PMC5108338 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen-deprived (hypoxic) areas are commonly found within neoplasms caused by excessive cell proliferation. The transcription factor Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) is part of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway, which mediates adaptive responses to ensure cellular survival under hypoxic conditions. HIF signalling leads to metabolic alterations, invasion/metastasis and the induction of angiogenesis in addition to radio-chemoresistance of tumour cells. Activation of the HIF pathway is based on the abundance of HIF-α subunits, which are regulated in an oxygen-dependent manner and form transcriptional active complexes with ARNT or ARNT2 (also referred as HIF-1β and HIF-2β, respectively). ARNT is considered to be unaffected by hypoxia but certain cell lines, including Hep3B cells, are capable to elevate this transcription factor in response to oxygen deprivation, which implies an advantage. Therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of hypoxia-dependent ARNT upregulation and to determine implications on HIF signalling. Gene silencing and overexpression techniques were used to alter the expression pattern of HIF transcription factors under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. qRT-PCR and western blotting were performed to measure gene and protein expression, respectively. HIF activity was determined by reporter gene assays. The results revealed a HIF-1α-dependent mechanism leading to ARNT upregulation in hypoxia. Forced expression of ARNT increased reporter activity under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. In conclusion, these findings indicate a novel feed-forward loop and suggest that ARNT might be a limiting factor. Augmented HIF signalling in terms of elevated target gene expression might be advantageous for tumour cells.
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21
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Alptekin B, Budak H. Wheat miRNA ancestors: evident by transcriptome analysis of A, B, and D genome donors. Funct Integr Genomics 2016; 17:171-187. [PMID: 27032785 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-016-0487-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are critical players of post-transcriptional gene regulation with profound effects on the fundamental processes of cellular life. Their identification and characterization, together with their targets, hold great significance in exploring and exploiting their roles on a functional context, providing valuable clues into the regulation of important biological processes, such as stress tolerance or environmental adaptation. Wheat is a hardy crop, extensively harvested in temperate regions, and is a major component of the human diet. With the advent of the next generation sequencing technologies considerably decreasing sequencing costs per base-pair, genomic, and transcriptomic data from several wheat species, including the progenitors and wild relatives have become available. In this study, we performed in silico identification and comparative analysis of microRNA repertoires of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its diploid progenitors and relatives, Aegilops sharonensis, Aegilops speltoides, Aegilops tauschii, Triticum monococcum, and Triticum urartu through the utilization of publicly available transcriptomic data. Over 200 miRNA families were identified, majority of which have not previously been reported. Ancestral relationships expanded our understanding of wheat miRNA evolution, while T. monococcum miRNAs delivered important clues on the effects of domestication on miRNA expression. Comparative analyses on wild Ae. sharonensis accessions highlighted candidate miRNAs that can be linked to stress tolerance. The miRNA repertoires of bread wheat and its diploid progenitors and relatives provide important insight into the diversification and distribution of miRNA genes, which should contribute to the elucidation of miRNA evolution of Poaceae family. A thorough understanding of the convergent and divergent expression profiles of miRNAs in different genetic backgrounds can provide unique opportunities to modulation of gene regulation for better crop performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Alptekin
- Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Sabanci University, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hikmet Budak
- Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Sabanci University, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA.
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