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Zhong Z, Li K, Shen C, Ma Y, Guo L. Erythropoietin improves pulmonary hypertension by promoting the homing and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in lung tissue. Hum Cell 2024; 37:214-228. [PMID: 37968533 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-01009-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic disease thatultimately progresses to right-sided heart failure and death. Erythropoietin (EPO) has been shown to have therapeutic potential in cardiovascular diseases, including PAH. In this study, we aimed to investigate the improvement effect of EPO pretreated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on PAH. BMSCs were obtained from the bone marrow of male SD rats. Female rats were randomly divided into six groups, including control group, monocrotaline (MCT)-induced group, and four groups with different doses of EPO pretreated BMSCs. Lung tissue was taken for testing at 2 weeks of treatment. Our results showed EPO promoted homing and endothelial cell differentiation of BMSCs in the lung tissues of PAH rats. EPO and BMSCs treatment attenuated pulmonary arterial pressure, polycythemia, and pulmonary artery structural remodeling. Furthermore, BMSCs inhibited pulmonary vascular endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) in PAH rats, which was further suppressed by EPO in a concentration-dependent manner. Meanwhile, EPO and BMSC treatment elevated pulmonary angiogenesis in PAH rats. BMSCs inhibited TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and MCP-1 in lung tissues of PAH rats, which was further decreased by EPO in a concentration-dependent manner. Thus, EPO improved pulmonary hypertension (PH) by promoting the homing and differentiation of BMSCs in lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Zhong
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Kang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, 850000, Tibet, China
| | - Chongyang Shen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 230041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxiao Ma
- Department of Biology, New York University, 100 Washington Square E, New York, NY, 10003, United States of America.
| | - Lu Guo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 32# W. Sec 2,1St Ring Rd., Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
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Zheng R, Xu T, Wang X, Yang L, Wang J, Huang X. Stem cell therapy in pulmonary hypertension: current practice and future opportunities. Eur Respir Rev 2023; 32:230112. [PMID: 37758272 PMCID: PMC10523152 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0112-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disease characterised by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and right-sided heart failure. While conventional drug therapies, including prostacyclin analogues, endothelin receptor antagonists and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, have been shown to improve the haemodynamic abnormalities of patients with PH, the 5-year mortality rate remains high. Thus, novel therapies are urgently required to prolong the survival of patients with PH. Stem cell therapies, including mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, have shown therapeutic potential for the treatment of PH and clinical trials on stem cell therapies for PH are ongoing. This review aims to present the latest preclinical achievements of stem cell therapies, focusing on the therapeutic effects of clinical trials and discussing the challenges and future perspectives of large-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixuan Zheng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Tingting Xu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Xinghong Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lehe Yang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Wan M, Lu C, Liu Y, Luo F, Zhou J, Xu F. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles prevent the formation of pulmonary arterial hypertension through a microRNA-200b-dependent mechanism. Respir Res 2023; 24:233. [PMID: 37759281 PMCID: PMC10523762 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02474-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (BMSC-EVs) have been highly studied with their critical roles as carriers of therapeutic targets such as microRNAs (miRNAs) in the treatment of human diseases, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Herein, we tried to study the potential of BMSC-EVs to deliver miR-200b for the regulation of macrophage polarization in PAH. METHODS Rat models of PAH were induced with monocrotaline treatment, followed by miR-200b expression detection in lung tissues, pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and macrophages. miR-200b-containing BMSCs or miR-200b-deficient BMSCs were selected to extract EVs. Then, we assessed the changes in rats with PAH-associated disorders as well as in vitro macrophage polarization and the functions of PASMCs after treatment with BMSC-EVs. Moreover, the interaction between miR-200b, phosphodiesterase 1 A (PDE1A) was identified with a luciferase assay, followed by an exploration of the downstream pathway, cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). RESULTS miR-200b was reduced in lung tissues, PASMCs and macrophages of rats with PAH-like pathology. BMSC-EVs transferred miR-200b into macrophages, and subsequently accelerated their switch to the M2 phenotype and reversed the PAH-associated disorders. Furthermore, miR-200b carried by BMSC-EVs induced PKA phosphorylation by targeting PDE1A, thereby expediting macrophage polarization. CONCLUSION Our current study highlighted the inhibitory role of BMSC-EV-miR-200b in PAH formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhi Wan
- Department of Respiratory Emergency and Critical Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, P. R. China
| | - Caiju Lu
- Department of Respiratory Emergency and Critical Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Respiratory Emergency and Critical Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, P. R. China
| | - Feng Luo
- Department of Respiratory Emergency and Critical Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Emergency and Critical Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, P. R. China.
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Respiratory Emergency and Critical Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, P. R. China.
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Comparative analysis on the anti-inflammatory/immune effect of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2012. [PMID: 33479312 PMCID: PMC7820276 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81244-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the advancement of targeted therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), poor prognosis remains a reality. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are one of the most clinically feasible alternative treatment options. We compared the treatment effects of adipose tissue (AD)-, bone marrow (BD)-, and umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived MSCs in the rat monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) model. The greatest improvement in the right ventricular function was observed in the UCB-MSCs treated group. The UCB-MSCs treated group also exhibited the greatest improvement in terms of the largest decrease in the medial wall thickness, perivascular fibrosis, and vascular cell proliferation, as well as the lowest levels of recruitment of innate and adaptive immune cells and associated inflammatory cytokines. Gene expression profiling of lung tissue confirmed that the UCB-MSCs treated group had the most notably attenuated immune and inflammatory profiles. Network analysis further revealed that the UCB-MSCs group had the greatest therapeutic effect in terms of the normalization of all three classical PAH pathways. The intravenous injection of the UCB-MSCs, compared with those of other MSCs, showed superior therapeutic effects in the PH model for the (1) right ventricular function, (2) vascular remodeling, (3) immune/inflammatory profiles, and (4) classical PAH pathways.
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Pu X, Du L, Hu Y, Fan Y, Xu Q. Stem/Progenitor Cells and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 41:167-178. [PMID: 33028095 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterized by endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling. Despite significant advancement in our understanding of the pathogenesis of PAH in recent years, treatment options for PAH are limited and their prognosis remains poor. PAH is now seen as a severe pulmonary arterial vasculopathy with structural changes driven by excessive vascular proliferation and inflammation. Perturbations of a number of cellular and molecular mechanisms have been described, including pathways involving growth factors, cytokines, metabolic signaling, elastases, and proteases, underscoring the complexity of the disease pathogenesis. Interestingly, emerging evidence suggests that stem/progenitor cells may have an impact on disease development and therapy. In preclinical studies, stem/progenitor cells displayed an ability to promote endothelial repair of dysfunctional arteries and induce neovascularization. The stem cell-based therapy for PAH are now under active investigation. This review article will briefly summarize the updates in the research field, with a special focus on the contribution of stem/progenitor cells to lesion formation via influencing vascular cell functions and highlight the potential clinical application of stem/progenitor cell therapy to PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyuan Pu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (X.P., L.D., Y.H., Q.X.)
| | - Luping Du
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (X.P., L.D., Y.H., Q.X.)
| | - Yanhua Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (X.P., L.D., Y.H., Q.X.)
| | - Ye Fan
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (Y.F.)
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (X.P., L.D., Y.H., Q.X.)
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Fukumitsu M, Suzuki K. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension: Comprehensive review of preclinical studies. J Cardiol 2019; 74:304-312. [PMID: 31109735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease characterized by progressive pulmonary vascular remodeling, resulting in right-sided heart failure and premature death. Current available therapies for PAH have limited efficacy, and new therapeutic strategies need to be developed. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) may offer a novel therapeutic approach to PAH. Since the first report in 2006, a number of preclinical studies have demonstrated a potential therapeutic effect of this approach, with attenuated hemodynamic and histological progression of PAH, in animal models of PAH. However, there remain several issues that should be addressed for this approach to be clinically successful. With the aim to highlight such issues, this review clarifies existing knowledge on MSC therapy for PAH in preclinical studies, including types of PAH animal models used for MSC therapy, MSC sources, and administration protocol (route, cell dose, and timing of administration). This review thereafter summarizes thoroughly and discusses the mechanism underpinning MSC therapy for PAH. For clinical success of MSC therapy, insufficient evidence of safety (e.g. critical risk of pulmonary embolism) and therapeutic efficacy of MSCs on established PAH with severe vascular remodeling, as well as further optimization of the MSC administration protocol, are considered as remaining issues to be addressed. In terms of the efficacy, it is controversial whether angiogenic cytokines, which are considered as one of the therapeutic mechanisms of MSC, have beneficial effect for human PAH. To address these issues, further preclinical data using more clinically-relevant animal models of PAH, such as SU5416 model, should be accumulated, whereas most preclinical studies have been conducted using monocrotaline-induced PAH model. While MSC therapy has a great potential to become a novel therapy in PAH, continuing careful preclinical research is warranted for clinical success in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Fukumitsu
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ken Suzuki
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
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Ding XF, Liang HY, Yuan B, Li LF, Wang T, Kan QC, Wang LX, Sun TW. Efficacy of stem cell therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:55. [PMID: 30760312 PMCID: PMC6374914 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite significant progress in drug treatment, the prognosis of patients with advanced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains extremely poor. Many preclinical studies have reported the efficacy of stem cell (SC) therapy for PAH; however, this approach remains controversial. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the potential efficacy of SC therapy for PAH. Methods The Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to August 12, 2018. Preclinical studies that evaluated the use of SC therapy for PAH were included. The primary outcome was pulmonary haemodynamics, as assessed by measurement of the right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), and/or mean right ventricle pressure (mRVP). The secondary outcomes included the weight ratio of the right ventricle to the left ventricle plus septum (RV/LV+S), the right ventricle to body weight ratio (RV/BW), the percentage of pulmonary arteriole area index (WA), and/or the percentage of medial wall thickness of the pulmonary arteriole (WT). The quality of outcomes was evaluated using the SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) bias risk tool. The inverse-variance method with random-effects modelling was used to calculate pooled weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% CIs. Statistical analysis was performed with STATA 14.0. Results Twenty-eight eligible articles (722 animals) were included. SC therapy reduced the pooled WMDs (95% CIs) of RVSP, mPAP, mRVP, RV/LV+S, RV/BW, WA, and WT for animals with PAH, with values of − 14.12 (− 14.63, − 13.61), − 11.86 (− 12.35, − 11.36), − 17.33 (− 18.10, − 16.56), − 0.10 (− 0.10, − 0.09), 0.23 (0.21, 0.24), − 13.66 (− 15.71, − 11.62), and − 7.96 (− 7.99, − 7.93), respectively. Conclusions SC therapy is effective for PAH in preclinical studies. These results may help to standardise preclinical animal studies and provide a theoretical basis for clinical trial design in the future. Systematic review registration PROSPERO (http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1162-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Fei Ding
- General ICU, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Huo-Yan Liang
- General ICU, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- General ICU, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Li-Feng Li
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Quan-Cheng Kan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Le-Xin Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia
| | - Tong-Wen Sun
- General ICU, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Cheng G, Wang X, Li Y, He L. Let-7a-transfected mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension by suppressing pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell growth through STAT3-BMPR2 signaling. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:34. [PMID: 28187784 PMCID: PMC5303212 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0480-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cell-based gene therapy has become a subject of interest for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a devastating disease characterized by pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) hyperplasia. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been recently acknowledged as a potential cell vector for gene therapy. Here, we investigated the effect of MSC-based let-7a for PAH. Methods After isolation and identification of MSCs from rat bone marrow, cells were infected with recombinant adenovirus vector Ad-let-7a. Lewis rats were subcutaneously injected with monocrotaline (MCT) to induce PAH, followed by the administration of MSCs, MSCs-NC (miR-control), or MSC-let-7a, respectively. Then, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), right ventricular hypertrophy, and pulmonary vascular remodeling were evaluated. Rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (rPASMCs) under hypoxia were co-cultured with MSCs or MSC-let-7a. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were separately determined by 3H thymidine incorporation and flow cytometry analysis. The underlying mechanism was also investigated. Results MSC transplantation enhanced let-7a levels in MCT-induced PAH rats. After injection with MSC-let-7a, RVSP, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pulmonary vascular remodeling were notably ameliorated, indicating a protective effect of MSC-let-7a against PAH. When co-cultured with MSC-let-7a, hypoxia-triggered PASMC proliferation was obviously attenuated, concomitant with the decrease in cell proliferation-associated proteins. Simultaneously, the resistance of PASMCs to apoptosis was remarkably abrogated by MSC-let-7a administration. A mechanism assay revealed that MSC-let-7a restrained the activation of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) and increased its downstream bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2) expression. Importantly, preconditioning with BMPR2 siRNA dramatically abated the suppressive effects of MSC-let-7a on PASMC proliferation and apoptosis resistance. Conclusions Collectively, this study suggests that MSCs modified with let-7a may ameliorate the progression of PAH by inhibiting PASMC growth through the STAT3-BMPR2 signaling, supporting a promising therapeutic strategy for PAH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesheng Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingye Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongxin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu He
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
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Varshney R, Ali Q, Wu C, Sun Z. Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension Involves Downregulation of Antiaging Protein Klotho and eNOS Activity. Hypertension 2016; 68:1255-1263. [PMID: 27672025 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.08184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate whether stem cell delivery of secreted Klotho (SKL), an aging-suppressor protein, attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary vascular dysfunction and remodeling. Overexpression of SKL in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was achieved by transfecting MSCs with lentiviral vectors expressing SKL-green fluorescent protein (GFP). Four groups of rats were treated with monocrotaline, whereas an additional group was given saline (control). Three days later, 4 monocrotaline-treated groups received intravenous delivery of nontransfected MSCs, MSC-GFP, MSC-SKL-GFP, and PBS, respectively. Ex vivo vascular relaxing responses to acetylcholine were diminished in small pulmonary arteries (PAs) in monocrotaline-treated rats, indicating pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction. Interestingly, delivery of MSCs overexpressing SKL (MSC-SKL-GFP) abolished monocrotaline-induced pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction and PA remodeling. Monocrotaline significantly increased right ventricular systolic blood pressure, which was attenuated significantly by MSC-SKL-GFP, indicating improved PA hypertension. MSC-SKL-GFP also attenuated right ventricular hypertrophy. Nontransfected MSCs slightly, but not significantly, improved PA hypertension and pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction. MSC-SKL-GFP attenuated monocrotaline-induced inflammation, as evidenced by decreased macrophage infiltration around PAs. MSC-SKL-GFP increased SKL levels, which rescued the downregulation of SIRT1 (Sirtuin 1) expression and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation in the lungs of monocrotaline-treated rats. In cultured endothelial cells, SKL abolished monocrotaline-induced downregulation of eNOS activity and NO levels and enhanced cell viability. Therefore, stem cell delivery of SKL is an effective therapeutic strategy for pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction and PA remodeling. SKL attenuates monocrotaline-induced PA remodeling and PA smooth muscle cell proliferation, likely by reducing inflammation and restoring SIRT1 levels and eNOS activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Varshney
- From the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
| | - Quaisar Ali
- From the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
| | - Chengxiang Wu
- From the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
| | - Zhongjie Sun
- From the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City.
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He QQ, He X, Wang YP, Zou Y, Xia QJ, Xiong LL, Luo CZ, Hu XS, Liu J, Wang TH. Transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) improves brain ischemia-induced pulmonary injury in rats associated to TNF-α expression. Behav Brain Funct 2016; 12:9. [PMID: 26931747 PMCID: PMC4774175 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-016-0093-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSCs)-based therapy seems to be a promising treatment for acute lung injury, but the therapeutic effects of BMSCs transplantation on acute lung injury induced by brain ischemia and the mechanisms have not been totally elucidated. This study explores the effects of transplantation of BMSCs on acute lung injury induced by focal cerebral ischemia and investigates the underlying mechanism. Methods Acute lung injury model was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). BMSCs (with concentration of 1 × 106/ml) were transplanted into host through tail vein 1 day after MCAO. Then, the survival, proliferation and migration of BMSCs in lung were observed at 4 days after transplantation, and histology observation and lung function were assessed for 7 days. Meanwhile, in situ hybridization (ISH), qRT-PCR and western blotting were employed to detect the expression of TNF-α in lung. Results Neurobehavioral deficits and acute lung injury could be seen in brain ischemia rats. Implanted BMSCs could survive in the lung, and relieve pulmonary edema, improve lung function, as well as down regulate TNF-α expression. Conclusions The grafted BMSCs can survive and migrate widespread in lung and ameliorate lung injury induced by focal cerebral ischemia in the MCAO rat models. The underlying molecular mechanism, at least partially, is related to the suppression of TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-qin He
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiang He
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yan-ping Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Experiment Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650031, China.
| | - Yu Zou
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qing-jie Xia
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Liu-Lin Xiong
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Chao-zhi Luo
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiao-song Hu
- Center for Experimental Technology for Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jia Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience and Experiment Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650031, China.
| | - Ting-hua Wang
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. .,Institute of Neuroscience and Experiment Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650031, China.
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11
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Huang WC, Ke MW, Cheng CC, Chiou SH, Wann SR, Shu CW, Chiou KR, Tseng CJ, Pan HW, Mar GY, Liu CP. Therapeutic Benefits of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0142476. [PMID: 26840075 PMCID: PMC4740504 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by progressive increases in vascular resistance and the remodeling of pulmonary arteries. The accumulation of inflammatory cells in the lung and elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines in the bloodstream suggest that inflammation may play a role in PAH. In this study, the benefits of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and iPSC-conditioned medium (iPSC CM) were explored in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH rats. We demonstrated that both iPSCs and iPSC CM significantly reduced the right ventricular systolic pressure and ameliorated the hypertrophy of the right ventricle in MCT-induced PAH rats in models of both disease prevention and disease reversal. In the prevention of MCT-induced PAH, iPSC-based therapy led to the decreased accumulation of inflammatory cells and down-regulated the expression of the IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12α, IL-12β, IL-23 and IFNγ genes in lung specimens, which implied that iPSC-based therapy may be involved in the regulation of inflammation. NF-κB signaling is essential to the inflammatory cascade, which is activated via the phosphorylation of the NF-κB molecule. Using the chemical inhibitor specifically blocked the phosphorylation of NF-κB, and in vitro assays of cultured human M1 macrophages implied that the anti-inflammation effect of iPSC-based therapy may contribute to the disturbance of NF-κB activation. Here, we showed that iPSC-based therapy could restore the hemodynamic function of right ventricle with benefits for preventing the ongoing inflammation in the lungs of MCT-induced PAH rats by regulating NF-κB phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Huang
- Cardiovascular Medical Center, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Wei Ke
- Cardiovascular Medical Center, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chang Cheng
- Cardiovascular Medical Center, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shue-Ren Wann
- Department of Emergency, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chih-Wen Shu
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Rau Chiou
- Cardiovascular Medical Center, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Jiunn Tseng
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Wei Pan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Guang-Yuan Mar
- Cardiovascular Medical Center, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Peng Liu
- Cardiovascular Medical Center, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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12
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Xia P, Chen HY, Chen SF, Wang L, Strappe PM, Yang HL, Zhou CH, Zhang X, Zhang YX, Ma LL, Wang L. The stimulatory effects of eNOS/F92A-Cav1 on NO production and angiogenesis in BMSCs. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 77:7-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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13
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Heise RL, Link PA, Farkas L. From Here to There, Progenitor Cells and Stem Cells Are Everywhere in Lung Vascular Remodeling. Front Pediatr 2016; 4:80. [PMID: 27583245 PMCID: PMC4988064 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2016.00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of stem cell biology, cell therapy, and regenerative medicine has expanded almost exponentially, in the last decade. Clinical trials are evaluating the potential therapeutic use of stem cells in many adult and pediatric lung diseases with vascular component, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), or pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Extensive research activity is exploring the lung resident and circulating progenitor cells and their contribution to vascular complications of chronic lung diseases, and researchers hope to use resident or circulating stem/progenitor cells to treat chronic lung diseases and their vascular complications. It is becoming more and more clear that progress in mechanobiology will help to understand the various influences of physical forces and extracellular matrix composition on the phenotype and features of the progenitor cells and stem cells. The current review provides an overview of current concepts in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Heise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA
| | - Patrick A Link
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA
| | - Laszlo Farkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA
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14
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Zhou MI, Chen DL, Jiang T, Feng YM, Han XL. Effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells transfected with survivin on pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:1857-1864. [PMID: 26640562 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transfected with survivin on lung fibrosis in mice. Mice with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis were allocated at random to group A, B or C, and injected with 1×106 survivin gene-expressing BMSCs, 1×106 BMSCs or normal saline, respectively. A total of 6 mice were sacrificed from each group on days 7, 14 and 28 after treatment. The extent of alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis was assessed and the apoptotic rates of the BMSCs and survivin-expressing BMSCs were detected. The content of surfactant protein A (SP-A) in the lung and hydroxyproline (Hyp) in the serum was measured. The mRNA expression levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in the lung tissue of the mice was detected. Furthermore, the protein expression levels of caspase-3 and -9 were detected. The apoptotic rates of the BMSCs (group B) and survivin-expressing BMSCs (group A) were 14.466±1.953 and 7.718±0.493%, respectively. The degree of lung fibrosis in groups A and B was reduced compared with that in group C. The hydroxyproline content in groups A and B was reduced compared with that in group C, and the SP-A content in groups A and B was increased compared with that in group C. The mRNA expression levels of TGF-β1 in group A were reduced compared with those in group B, and the levels in group B were reduced compared with those in group C. By contrast, the mRNA expression levels of MMP-9 in group A were increased compared with those in groups B and C, and the levels in group B were increased compared with those in group A. The expression levels of caspase-3 and -9 in group A were elevated compared with those in groups B and C. In conclusion, BMSCs are effective in preventing bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis, and survivin may enhance the protective effects of BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Ling Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Mei Feng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Li Han
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
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15
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Coimbra LS, Steffens JP, Alsadun S, Albiero ML, Rossa C, Pignolo RJ, Spolidorio LC, Graves DT. Clopidogrel Enhances Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation Following Periodontitis. J Dent Res 2015. [PMID: 26220958 DOI: 10.1177/0022034515598273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone formation is dependent on the differentiation of osteoblasts from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In addition to serving as progenitors, MSCs reduce inflammation and produce factors that stimulate tissue formation. Upon injury, MSCs migrate to the periodontium, where they contribute to regeneration. We examined the effect of clopidogrel and aspirin on MSCs following induction of periodontitis in rats by placement of ligatures. We showed that after the removal of ligatures, which induces resolution of periodontal inflammation, clopidogrel had a significant effect on reducing the inflammatory infiltrate. It also increased the number of osteoblasts and MSCs. Mechanistically, the latter was linked to increased proliferation of MSCs in vivo and in vitro. When given prior to inducing periodontitis, clopidogrel had little effect on MSC or osteoblasts numbers. Applying aspirin before or after induction of periodontitis did not have a significant effect on the parameters measured. These results suggest that clopidogrel may have a positive effect on MSCs in conditions where a reparative process has been initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Coimbra
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista-Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J P Steffens
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista-Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S Alsadun
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M L Albiero
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - C Rossa
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista-Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R J Pignolo
- Department of Medicine and Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - L C Spolidorio
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista-Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D T Graves
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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16
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Kang H, Kim KH, Lim J, Kim YS, Heo J, Choi J, Jeong J, Kim Y, Kim SW, Oh YM, Choo MS, Son J, Kim SJ, Yoo HJ, Oh W, Choi SJ, Lee SW, Shin DM. The Therapeutic Effects of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Primed with Sphingosine-1 Phosphate on Pulmonary Artery Hypertension. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:1658-71. [PMID: 25761906 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell (SC) therapy has become a potential treatment modality for pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH), but the efficacy of human SC and priming effects have not yet been established. The mobilization and homing of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are modulated by priming factors that include a bioactive lipid, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), which stimulates CXCR4 receptor kinase signaling. Here, we show that priming human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with S1P enhances their therapeutic efficacy in PAH. Human MSCs, similar to HSCs, showed stronger chemoattraction to S1P in transwell assays. Concomitantly, MSCs treated with 0.2 μM S1P showed increased phosphorylation of both MAPKp42/44 and AKT protein compared with nonprimed MSCs. Furthermore, S1P-primed MSCs potentiated colony forming unit-fibroblast, anti-inflammatory, and angiogenic activities of MSCs in culture. In a PAH animal model induced by subcutaneously injected monocrotaline, administration of human cord blood-derived MSCs (hCB-MSCs) or S1P-primed cells significantly attenuated the elevated right ventricular systolic pressure. Notably, S1P-primed CB-MSCs, but not unprimed hCB-MSCs, also elicited a significant reduction in the right ventricular weight ratio and pulmonary vascular wall thickness. S1P-primed MSCs enhanced the expression of several genes responsible for stem cell trafficking and angiogenesis, increasing the density of blood vessels in the damaged lungs. Thus, this study demonstrates that human MSCs have potential utility for the treatment of PAH, and that S1P priming increases the effects of SC therapy by enhancing cardiac and vascular remodeling. By optimizing this protocol in future studies, SC therapy might form a basis for clinical trials to treat human PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunsook Kang
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
| | - Kang-Hyun Kim
- 3 Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
| | - Jisun Lim
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
| | - You-Sun Kim
- 3 Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinbeom Heo
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
| | - Jongjin Choi
- 3 Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaeho Jeong
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
| | - YongHwan Kim
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Who Kim
- 4 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon-Mok Oh
- 3 Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Soo Choo
- 5 Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaekyoung Son
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Jung Kim
- 6 Department of Biomedical Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Yoo
- 6 Department of Biomedical Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonil Oh
- 7 Biomedical Research Institute , Medipost Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Jin Choi
- 7 Biomedical Research Institute , Medipost Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Sei Won Lee
- 3 Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Myung Shin
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
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17
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Chen JY, An R, Liu ZJ, Wang JJ, Chen SZ, Hong MM, Liu JH, Xiao MY, Chen YF. Therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cell-derived microvesicles on pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2014; 35:1121-8. [PMID: 25088001 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2014.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Microvesicles (MVs) are nanoscale membrane fragments released from virtually all cell types upon activation or apoptosis, and may contribute to the beneficial effects of stem cell therapy. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) derived MVs (MSC-MVs) on pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) in rats. METHODS MSC-MVs were isolated from rat bone marrow MSCs that were cultured in a serum-free conditioned medium. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), flow cytometry and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) were used to characterize the MVs. Adult SD rats were injected with monocrotaline (50 mg/kg, sc) to induce PAH. Three weeks later, the rats were intravenously injected with MSCs, MSC-MVs or saline for 2 weeks. At the end of treatments, the hemodynamic parameters and pathological right ventricular and pulmonary arterial remodeling were analyzed in each group. RESULTS The MSC-MVs showed general morphologic characteristics of MVs and expressed annexin V and CD29 markers under TEM, and their size ranged from 40 to 300 nm. Intravenous injection of MSC-MVs or MSCs significantly ameliorated the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and mean right ventricle pressure (mRVP) in PAH rats. Furthermore, intravenous injection of MSC-MVs or MSCs significantly decreased the right ventricle (RV) hypertrophy and pulmonary arteriole area index (AI) and thickness index (TI) in PAH rats. CONCLUSION Intravenous injection of MSC-MVs or MSCs produces similar beneficial effects for treating PAH, and our results provide a basis for cell-free approach in stem cell therapy.
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Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates seawater-exposure-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting autophagy in lung tissue. PATHOLOGY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:104962. [PMID: 25215261 PMCID: PMC4152987 DOI: 10.1155/2014/104962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Seawater drowning can lead to acute lung injury (ALI). Several studies have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) treatment could attenuate ALI. However, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon still remain elusive. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether BMSC treatment can ameliorate seawater-induced ALI and its underlying mechanisms in a rat model. In this study, arterial blood gas, lung weight coefficient, and TNF-α, and IL-8 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), as well as histopathology examination, were used to detect the lung injury of seawater exposure. Moreover, western blot and RT-PCR were used to explore autophagy in lung tissues. The results demonstrated that seawater exposure induced ALI including impaired arterial blood gas, pulmonary edema, histopathologic changes, and inflammatory response in lung tissues. What is more, these changes were partly ameliorated by BMSC treatment through inhibition of autophagy in lung tissues. The application of BMSC may be a potential effective treatment for seawater-induced ALI.
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19
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Long-term research of stem cells in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension. Clin Exp Med 2013; 14:439-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s10238-013-0256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Farkas L, Kolb M. Vascular repair and regeneration as a therapeutic target for pulmonary arterial hypertension. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 85:355-64. [PMID: 23594605 DOI: 10.1159/000350177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The last decade has seen substantial changes in our understanding of the pathobiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a severe and devastating disease without curative treatment. It is now accepted that injury to the endothelial cells of the pulmonary arteries is central for the subsequent development of lumen-obliterative lung vascular lesions. A variety of circulating and lung-resident progenitor and stem cells likely contribute to vascular integrity, and evidence for the presence of cells expressing stem and progenitor cell markers is found inside and in the immediate vicinity of pulmonary vascular lesions in PAH. The currently available vasodilator therapies mainly target enhanced vasoconstriction in the lung circulation and help to maintain or improve right ventricular function, but do not treat pulmonary vascular remodeling, the underlying cause of the disease. Vascular gene therapy and cell therapy with progenitor and stem cells is a progressing field in the context of the development of novel treatment options for PAH, but the majority of the studies are currently performed at the level of preclinical studies in animal models. The current review provides an overview of the current knowledge on cell- and gene therapy-based approaches for vascular repair and regeneration in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laszlo Farkas
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Victoria Johnson Center for Obstructive Lung Disease, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0456, USA. lfarkas @ vcu.edu
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