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Bayır UÖ, Aksu R, Öz Gergin Ö, Onder GO, Sencar L, Günay E, Yay AH, Karaman İ, Bicer C, Polat S. The effect of pulsed radiofrequency application on nerve healing after sciatic nerve anastomosis in rats. Ultrastruct Pathol 2022; 46:313-322. [PMID: 35866415 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2022.2066237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The Effect of Pulsed Radiofrequency Application on Nerve Healing After Sciatic Nerve Anastomosis in Rats. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the histomorphological and functional effect of Pulsed Radiofrequency (PRF) application on regeneration after experimental nerve damage in rats. Forty Sprague-Dawley male rats were used in the study. Sciatic nerve incision was applied to all rats and then anastomosis was performed. Twenty rats were separated as the control group, and the remaining 20 rats underwent PRF every day at 42oC, for 120 seconds. The groups were divided into two further subgroups to be sacrificed on the 15th and 30th days. Tissue samples were obtained from all groups at 24 hours and 72 hours after the injury. Sections of sciatic nerve samples were stained with hematoxylin-eosin for light microscopic investigation and prepared for evaluation of ultrastructural changes with transmission electron microscopy. In the evaluation of axon numbers and diameters were seen that the 30th-day RF group had an increase compared to the control group. In the electron microscopic examination, it was observed that myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fiber sheaths had borders that are more regular in the RF group, the nucleus structures of schwann cells were better preserved, mitochondrial damage was less, and the extensions of fibroblast and collagen fibers were smoother than the control group. The findings suggested that PRF application has a positive contribution histologically on nerve healing in the early period after full-layer incision nerve injury anastomosis surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uğur Ö Bayır
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Yozgat State Hospital, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Recep Aksu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Özlem Öz Gergin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gozde Ozge Onder
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Leman Sencar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Cukurova University, Medical Faculty, Adana, Turkey
| | - Eray Günay
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Medical Faculty, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Arzu H Yay
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.,Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Karaman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Medical Faculty, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Cihangir Bicer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Sait Polat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Cukurova University, Medical Faculty, Adana, Turkey
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Choi YS, Hsueh YY, Koo J, Yang Q, Avila R, Hu B, Xie Z, Lee G, Ning Z, Liu C, Xu Y, Lee YJ, Zhao W, Fang J, Deng Y, Lee SM, Vázquez-Guardado A, Stepien I, Yan Y, Song JW, Haney C, Oh YS, Liu W, Yoon HJ, Banks A, MacEwan MR, Ameer GA, Ray WZ, Huang Y, Xie T, Franz CK, Li S, Rogers JA. Stretchable, dynamic covalent polymers for soft, long-lived bioresorbable electronic stimulators designed to facilitate neuromuscular regeneration. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5990. [PMID: 33239608 PMCID: PMC7688647 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19660-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioresorbable electronic stimulators are of rapidly growing interest as unusual therapeutic platforms, i.e., bioelectronic medicines, for treating disease states, accelerating wound healing processes and eliminating infections. Here, we present advanced materials that support operation in these systems over clinically relevant timeframes, ultimately bioresorbing harmlessly to benign products without residues, to eliminate the need for surgical extraction. Our findings overcome key challenges of bioresorbable electronic devices by realizing lifetimes that match clinical needs. The devices exploit a bioresorbable dynamic covalent polymer that facilitates tight bonding to itself and other surfaces, as a soft, elastic substrate and encapsulation coating for wireless electronic components. We describe the underlying features and chemical design considerations for this polymer, and the biocompatibility of its constituent materials. In devices with optimized, wireless designs, these polymers enable stable, long-lived operation as distal stimulators in a rat model of peripheral nerve injuries, thereby demonstrating the potential of programmable long-term electrical stimulation for maintaining muscle receptivity and enhancing functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Sik Choi
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Biotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Yuan-Yu Hsueh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70456, Taiwan
- International Research Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70456, Taiwan
| | - Jahyun Koo
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Biotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Quansan Yang
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Biotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Raudel Avila
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Buwei Hu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Zhaoqian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Dalian, University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, China
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, China
- International Research Center for Computational Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, China
| | - Geumbee Lee
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Biotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Zheng Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Claire Liu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Biotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Yameng Xu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Biotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Young Joong Lee
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Biotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Weikang Zhao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jun Fang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Yujun Deng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Seung Min Lee
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Biotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Abraham Vázquez-Guardado
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Biotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Iwona Stepien
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Chemistry Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Ying Yan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Joseph W Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Chad Haney
- Center for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Yong Suk Oh
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Biotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Wentai Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Hong-Joon Yoon
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Biotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Anthony Banks
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Biotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Matthew R MacEwan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Guillermo A Ameer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Wilson Z Ray
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Yonggang Huang
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Tao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Colin K Franz
- Regenerative Neurorehabilitation Laboratory, Biologics, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Song Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - John A Rogers
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Biotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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Ju C, Park E, Kim T, Kim T, Kang M, Lee KS, Park SM. Effectiveness of electrical stimulation on nerve regeneration after crush injury: Comparison between invasive and non-invasive stimulation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233531. [PMID: 32453807 PMCID: PMC7250463 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have investigated the use of invasive and non-invasive stimulation methods to enhance nerve regeneration, and varying degrees of effectiveness have been reported. However, due to the use of different parameters in these studies, a fair comparison between the effectiveness of invasive and non-invasive stimulation methods is not possible. The present study compared the effectiveness of invasive and non-invasive stimulation using similar parameters. Eighteen Sprague Dawley rats were classified into three groups: the iES group stimulated with fully implantable device, the tES group stimulated with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), and the injury group (no stimulation). The iES and tES groups received stimulation for 6 weeks starting immediately after the injury. Motor function was evaluated using the sciatic functional index (SFI) every week. The SFI values increased over time in all groups; faster and superior functional recovery was observed in the iES group than in the tES group. Histological evaluation of the nerve sections and gastrocnemius muscle sections were performed every other week. The axon diameter and muscle fiber area in the iES group were larger, and the g-ratio in the iES group was closer to 0.6 than those in the tES group. To assess the cause of the difference in efficiency, a 3D rat anatomical model was used to simulate the induced electric fields in each group. A significantly higher concentration and intensity around the sciatic nerve was observed in the iES group than in the tES group. Vector field distribution showed that the field was orthogonal to the sciatic nerve spread in the tES group, whereas it was parallel in the iES group; this suggested that the tES group was less effective in nerve stimulation. The results indicated that even though rats in the TENS group showed better recovery than those in the injury group, it cannot replace direct stimulation yet because rats stimulated with the invasive method showed faster recovery and superior outcomes. This was likely attributable to the greater concentration and parallel distribution of electric field with respect to target nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanyang Ju
- Department of Creative IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunkyoung Park
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Smart Healthcare Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewoo Kim
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Smart Healthcare Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taekyung Kim
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Smart Healthcare Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhee Kang
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Smart Healthcare Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Sung Lee
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Smart Healthcare Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (KSL); (SMP)
| | - Sung-Min Park
- Department of Creative IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (KSL); (SMP)
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Langlois L, Antor M, Atmani K, Le Long E, Merriaux P, Bridoux V, Dechelotte P, Leroi AM, Meleine M, Gourcerol G. Development of a Remote-Controlled Implantable Rat Sacral Nerve Stimulation System. Neuromodulation 2018; 22:690-696. [PMID: 30346640 DOI: 10.1111/ner.12870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is a surgical treatment of urinary and fecal incontinence. Despite its clinical efficacy, the mechanisms of action of SNS are still poorly known. This may be related to the use of acute stimulation models. Up to date, no rodent model of chronic SNS implants has been developed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to create a fully implantable and remotely controllable stimulating device to establish an animal model of chronic SNS. MATERIALS AND METHODS The stimulating device consisted of an implantable pulse generator linked to a platinum electrode. The communication with the device was made through an inductive link which allowed to adjust the stimulation parameters; that is, to turn the device on and off or check the battery status remotely. Rats underwent two surgical procedures. In the first procedure, we achieved chronic sacral stimulation but the implanted electrode was not fixated. In the second procedure, the electrode was fixated in the sacral foramen using dental resin. In both cases, the correct positioning of the electrode was evaluated by computed tomography (CT) imaging and the presence of tail tremor in response to high intensity stimulation. We only tested the function of implanted electrode with fixation using micturition frequency assessment following bipolar or unipolar SNS for three days after recovery. RESULTS CT imaging showed that implantation of the electrode required fixation as we found that the second surgical procedure yielded a more precise placement of the implanted electrode. The correct placement of implanted electrode observed with imaging was always correlated with a successful tail tremor response in rats, therefore we pursued our next experiments with the second surgical procedure and only assessed the tail tremor response. We found that both bipolar and unipolar SNS reduced micturition frequency. CONCLUSION This stimulating device provides an efficient method to perform chronic SNS studies in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Langlois
- Nutrition, Gut & Brain Unit (INSERM U1073), Institute for Biomedical Research and innovation, Rouen University, Rouen, France
| | - Marlène Antor
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Karim Atmani
- Nutrition, Gut & Brain Unit (INSERM U1073), Institute for Biomedical Research and innovation, Rouen University, Rouen, France
| | - Erwan Le Long
- Department of Urology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Pierre Merriaux
- Embedded Electronic Systems Research Institute, Saint-Etienne du Rouvray, France
| | - Valérie Bridoux
- Nutrition, Gut & Brain Unit (INSERM U1073), Institute for Biomedical Research and innovation, Rouen University, Rouen, France.,Department of Digestive Surgery, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Pierre Dechelotte
- Nutrition, Gut & Brain Unit (INSERM U1073), Institute for Biomedical Research and innovation, Rouen University, Rouen, France
| | - Anne Marie Leroi
- Nutrition, Gut & Brain Unit (INSERM U1073), Institute for Biomedical Research and innovation, Rouen University, Rouen, France.,Department of Physiology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Mathieu Meleine
- Nutrition, Gut & Brain Unit (INSERM U1073), Institute for Biomedical Research and innovation, Rouen University, Rouen, France
| | - Guillaume Gourcerol
- Nutrition, Gut & Brain Unit (INSERM U1073), Institute for Biomedical Research and innovation, Rouen University, Rouen, France.,Department of Physiology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
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