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Peng Z, Ye QS, Li XJ, Zheng DY, Zhou Y, Hang CH, Wu JH, Li W, Zhuang Z. Novel perfluorocarbon-based oxygenation therapy alleviates Post-SAH hypoxic brain injury by inhibiting HIF-1α. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 214:173-183. [PMID: 38342163 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
In comparison to other stroke types, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is characterized by an early age of onset and often results in poor prognosis. The inadequate blood flow at the site of the lesion leads to localized oxygen deprivation, increased level of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and triggers inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, ultimately causing hypoxic brain damage. Despite the potential benefits of oxygen (O2) administration, there is currently a lack of efficient focal site O2 delivery following SAH. Conventional clinical O2 supply methods, such as transnasal oxygenation and hyperbaric oxygen therapy, do not show the ideal therapeutic effect in severe SAH patients. The perfluorocarbon oxygen carrier (PFOC) demonstrates efficacy in transporting O2 and responding to elevated levels of CO2 at the lesion site. Through cellular experiments, we determined that PFOC oxygenation serves as an effective therapeutic approach in inhibiting hypoxia. Furthermore, our animal experiments showed that PFOC oxygenation outperforms O2 breathing, leading to microglia phenotypic switching and the suppression of inflammatory response via the inhibition of HIF-1α. Therefore, as a new type of O2 therapy after SAH, PFOC oxygenation can effectively reduce hypoxic brain injury and improve neurological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing-Song Ye
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - De-Yuan Zheng
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Hua Hang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Hui Wu
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zong Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Endo Y, Hwang CD, Zhang Y, Olumi S, Koh DJ, Zhu C, Neppl RL, Agarwal S, Sinha I. VEGFA Promotes Skeletal Muscle Regeneration in Aging. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200320. [PMID: 36988414 PMCID: PMC10539483 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with loss of skeletal muscle regeneration. Differentially regulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)A with aging may partially underlies this loss of regenerative capacity. To assess the role of VEGFA in muscle regeneration, young (12-14 weeks old) and old C57BL/6 mice (24,25 months old) are subjected to cryoinjury in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle to induce muscle regeneration. The average cross-sectional area (CSA) of regenerating myofibers is 33% smaller in old as compared to young (p < 0.01) mice, which correlates with a two-fold loss of muscle VEGFA protein levels (p = 0.02). The capillary density in the TA is similar between the two groups. Young VEGFlo mice, with a 50% decrease in systemic VEGFA activity, exhibit a two-fold reduction in the average regenerating fiber CSA following cryoinjury (p < 0.01) in comparison to littermate controls. ML228, a hypoxia signaling activator known to increase VEGFA levels, augments muscle VEGFA levels and increases average CSA of regenerating fibers in both old mice (25% increase, p < 0.01) and VEGFlo (20% increase, p < 0.01) mice, but not in young or littermate controls. These results suggest that VEGFA may be a therapeutic target in age-related muscle loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yori Endo
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Charles D. Hwang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Yuteng Zhang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Shayan Olumi
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Daniel J. Koh
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Christina Zhu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Ronald L. Neppl
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02114
| | - Shailesh Agarwal
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Indranil Sinha
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115
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Miura T, Yamamoto Y, Funayama E, Ishikawa K, Maeda T. Development of a simultaneous and noninvasive measuring method using high-frame rate videography and motion analysis software for the assessment of facial palsy recovery in a rat model. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2023; 82:211-218. [PMID: 37192584 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2023.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For the development of new therapeutic and reconstructive methods for facial nerve palsy, it is critical to validate them in animal models. This study developed a novel evaluation method using a high-speed camera and motion analysis software for rat facial paralysis models. The validity of the new method was verified using normal rats and rats with facial paralysis. METHODS The whisker movement was recorded using a high-frame video camera. The video files were processed using motion analysis software, and the angular velocities were measured. The score was calculated as the percentage of movement on the side that had palsy compared with the movement on the normal side. Normal rats were used to examine which of the four indices of angular velocity is appropriate for this evaluation method. Using this method, two types of facial nerve palsy models were compared. Furthermore, the three agents that were predicted to promote axon regeneration from previous studies were evaluated. RESULTS The two averages of the protraction and retraction movement velocities of the whiskers were considered as the most appropriate indicators for this new method. Compared with the saline group, all agent groups showed significant differences in the improvement of facial palsy recovery. CONCLUSIONS This method is an evaluation method for the effects of therapeutic intervention for facial nerve paralysis in real time without sacrificing animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Miura
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yuhei Yamamoto
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Emi Funayama
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Kosuke Ishikawa
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Taku Maeda
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
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Dong H, Zhang C, Shi D, Xiao X, Chen X, Zeng Y, Li X, Xie R. Ferroptosis related genes participate in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury via HIF-1 signaling pathway. Brain Res Bull 2023; 192:192-202. [PMID: 36414158 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a crushing disease without a effective and specific therapeutic strategy. Therefore, it is crucial to uncover underlying mechanism in order to identify potential treatments for SCI. Current studies show ferroptosis might pay important role in SCI. METHODS In this study, we aimed to identify the key ferroptosis-related genes providing therapeutic targets for SCI. GSE45006, GSE19890 and GSE156999 from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 61 ferroptosis-related DEGs were identified, followed by bioinformatics enrichment analyses and PPI network construction. Ten key ferroptosis-related genes were identified by Cytoscape (Cytohubba), most of which were enriched in the HIF-1 signaling pathway. Then we constructed a clip SCI rat model and qPCR was performed to assess the expressions of five genes enriched in HIF-1 signaling pathway (Stat3, Tlr4, Hmox1, Hif1a and Cybb). Finally, a ceRNA network, Stat3, Tlr4, Hmox1/miR127, miR383, miR485/rno-Mut_0003, rno-Pwwp2a_0002 was constructed and expression of mentioned molecules were validated by chip data. CONCLUSIONS Five hub genes from HIF-1 signaling pathway were identified and might play a central role in SCI, which indicated that ferroptosis was correlated with HIF-1 signaling pathway. These results can provide a new insight into molecular mechanisms and identify potential therapeutic targets for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoru Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery; National Center for Neurological Disorders; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Chi Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Donglei Shi
- Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery; National Center for Neurological Disorders; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery; National Center for Neurological Disorders; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Yuanxiao Zeng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Xiaomu Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Rong Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery; National Center for Neurological Disorders; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Department of Neurosurgery, National Regional Medical Center; Huashan Hospital Fujian Campus, Fudan University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350209, Fujian Province, China.
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Huang JH, He H, Chen YN, Liu Z, Romani MD, Xu ZY, Xu Y, Lin FY. Exosomes derived from M2 Macrophages Improve Angiogenesis and Functional Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury through HIF-1α/VEGF Axis. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12101322. [PMID: 36291255 PMCID: PMC9599527 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12101322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles that contain a variety of mRNAs, miRNAs, and proteins. They are capable of being released by a variety of cells and are essential for cell–cell communication. The exosomes produced by cells have shown protective benefits against spinal cord damage (SCI). Recently, it was discovered that M2 macrophages aid in the angiogenesis of numerous illnesses. However, the functional role of M2 macrophage-derived exosomes on SCI is unclear. Here, we investigate the pro-angiogenesis of M2 macrophage-derived exosomes on SCI. We founded that M2 macrophage exosomes alleviated tissue damage and enhanced functional recovery post-SCI. We discovered that M2 macrophage exosome administration increased angiogenesis after SCI in vivo using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence labeling, and Western blot analysis. Additionally, the expression of the pro-angiogenesis factors, HIF-1α and VEGF, were enhanced with the treatment of the M2 macrophage exosomes. Furthermore, we found that M2 macrophage exosomes enhanced neurogenesis after SCI in vivo. In vitro, we found that M2 macrophage exosomes can be taken up by the brain endothelial cell line (bEnd.3) and that they enhanced the tube formation, migration, and proliferation of bEnd.3 cells. Furthermore, by using special siRNA to inhibit HIF-1α expression, we observed that the expression of VEGF decreased, and the tube formation, migration, and proliferation of bEnd.3 cells were attenuated with the treatment of HIF-1α-siRNA. In conclusion, our findings reveal that M2 macrophage exosomes improve neurological functional recovery and angiogenesis post-SCI, and this process is partially associated with the activation of the HIF-1/VEGF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Hu Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Hang He
- Department of Orthopedics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Yong-Neng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Social Economy and Business Administration, Woosuk University, Wanju-gun 55338, Korea
| | - Manini Daudi Romani
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Zhao-Yi Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Fei-Yue Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-133-5822-8767; Fax: +86-591-88217190
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Kang Y, Li Q, Zhu R, Li S, Xu X, Shi X, Yin Z. Identification of Ferroptotic Genes in Spinal Cord Injury at Different Time Points: Bioinformatics and Experimental Validation. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:5766-5784. [PMID: 35796899 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02935-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is an important pathologic process after spinal cord injury (SCI). As a new type of PCD, ferroptosis is involved in the secondary SCI. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we validated ferroptotic phenotype in an animal model of SCI. Then, the bioinformatic analyses performed on a microarray data of SCI (GSE45006). KEGG analysis suggested that the pathways of mTOR, HIF-1, VEGF, and protein process in endoplasmic reticulum were involved in SCI-induced ferroptosis. GO analysis revealed that oxidative stress, amide metabolic process, cation transport, and cytokine production were essential biological processes in ferroptosis after SCI. We highlighted five genes including ATF-3, XBP-1, HMOX-1, DDIT-3, and CHAC-1 as ferroptotic key gene in SCI. These results contribute to exploring the ferroptotic mechanism underlying the secondary SCI and providing potential targets for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Qiangwei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 64 Chaohu Northern Road, Hefei, 238001, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, China
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Xuanming Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Zongsheng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, China.
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 64 Chaohu Northern Road, Hefei, 238001, China.
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Wang C, Ma H, Wu W, Lu X. Drug Discovery in Spinal Cord Injury With Ankylosing Spondylitis Identified by Text Mining and Biomedical Databases. Front Genet 2022; 13:799970. [PMID: 35281834 PMCID: PMC8914062 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.799970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are common inflammatory diseases in spine surgery. However, it is a project where the relationship between the two diseases is ambiguous and the efficiency of drug discovery is limited. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate new drug therapies for SCI and AS. First, text mining was used to obtain the interacting genes related to SCI and AS, and then, the functional analysis was conducted. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed by STRING online and Cytoscape software to identify hub genes. Last, hub genes and potential drugs were performed after undergoing drug–gene interaction analysis, and MicroRNA and transcription factors regulatory networks were also analyzed. Two hundred five genes common to “SCI” and “AS” identified by text mining were enriched in inflammatory responses. PPI network analysis showed that 30 genes constructed two significant modules. Ultimately, nine (SST, VWF, IL1B, IL6, CXCR4, VEGFA, SERPINE1, FN1, and PROS1) out of 30 genes could be targetable by a total of 13 drugs. In conclusion, the novel core genes contribute to a novel insight for latent functional mechanisms and present potential prognostic indicators and therapeutic targets in SCI and AS.
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Tao B, Wang Q, Cao J, Yasen Y, Ma L, Sun C, Shang J, Feng S. The mechanisms of Chuanxiong Rhizoma in treating spinal cord injury based on network pharmacology and experimental verification. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1145. [PMID: 34430586 PMCID: PMC8350674 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Chuanxiong Rhizoma (CR) is a common traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has been widely used in the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the underlying molecular mechanism of CR is still largely unknown. This study was designed to explore the bioactive components and the mechanism of CR in treating SCI based on a network pharmacology approach and experimental validation. Methods First, the active compounds and related target genes in CR were screened from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database. Subsequently, the corresponding target genes of SCI were collected by the Therapeutic Target Database (TTD) and GeneCards database. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database. Furthermore, GO function and KEGG enrichment analysis of the targets were analyzed using DAVID tools. Subsequently, the AutoDock software for molecular docking was adopted to verify the above network pharmacology analysis results between the active components and key targets. Finally, an SCI rat model animal validation experiment was assessed to verify the reliability of the network pharmacology results. Results There were 7 active ingredients identified in CR and 246 SCI-related targets were collected. Then, 4 core nodes (ALB, AKT1, MAPK1, and EGFR) were discerned via construction of a PPI network of 111 common targets. The KEGG enrichment analysis results indicated that the Ras signaling pathway, estrogen signaling pathway, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway were enriched in the development of SCI. The results of molecular docking demonstrated that the effects of CR have a strong affinity with the 4 pivotal targets. Experimental validation in a rat model showed that CR could effectively improve the recovery of motor function and mechanical pain threshold after SCI. Conclusions In summary, it revealed the mechanism of CR treatment for SCI involve active ingredients, targets and signaling pathways, providing a scientific basis for future investigations into the mechanism underlying CR treating for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin, China.,International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin, China.,International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiangang Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin, China.,International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin, China
| | - Yimingjiang Yasen
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin, China.,International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin, China.,International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin, China.,International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin, China.,International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin, China.,International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin, China
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9
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Bie F, Wang K, Xu T, Yuan J, Ding H, Lv B, Liu Y, Lan M. The potential roles of circular RNAs as modulators in traumatic spinal cord injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111826. [PMID: 34328121 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) may cause long-term physical impairment and bring a substantial burden to both the individual patient and society. Existing therapeutic approaches for SCI have proven inadequate. This is mainly owing to the incomplete understanding of the cellular and molecular events post-injury. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a new class of non-coding RNAs with a covalently closed annular structure that participates in regulating the transcription of certain genes and are linked to various biological processes and diseases. Mounting evidence is indicative that circRNAs are highly expressed in the spinal cord and they play key roles in multiple processes of neurological diseases. Recently, a role for circRNAs as effectors of SCI has emerged, leading to the continuity of relevant research. In this review, we presented current studies with regards to the abnormality of circRNAs mediating SCI by affecting mechanisms of autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation, and neural regeneration. Furthermore, the potential clinical value of circRNAs as therapeutic targets of SCI was also analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Bie
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China.
| | - Kaiyang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
| | - Jishan Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China.
| | - Hua Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China.
| | - Bin Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China; Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Yuwen Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China.
| | - Min Lan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China.
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10
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Sefiani A, Geoffroy CG. The Potential Role of Inflammation in Modulating Endogenous Hippocampal Neurogenesis After Spinal Cord Injury. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:682259. [PMID: 34220440 PMCID: PMC8249862 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.682259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently there are approximately 291,000 people suffering from a spinal cord injury (SCI) in the United States. SCI is associated with traumatic changes in mobility and neuralgia, as well as many other long-term chronic health complications, including metabolic disorders, diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, osteoporosis, and elevated inflammatory markers. Due to medical advances, patients with SCI survive much longer than previously. This increase in life expectancy exposes them to novel neurological complications such as memory loss, cognitive decline, depression, and Alzheimer's disease. In fact, these usually age-associated disorders are more prevalent in people living with SCI. A common factor of these disorders is the reduction in hippocampal neurogenesis. Inflammation, which is elevated after SCI, plays a major role in modulating hippocampal neurogenesis. While there is no clear consensus on the mechanism of the decline in hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition after SCI, we will examine in this review how SCI-induced inflammation could modulate hippocampal neurogenesis and provoke age-associated neurological disorders. Thereafter, we will discuss possible therapeutic options which may mitigate the influence of SCI associated complications on hippocampal neurogenesis.
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Deciphering Pharmacological Mechanism of Buyang Huanwu Decoction for Spinal Cord Injury by Network Pharmacology Approach. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9921534. [PMID: 33976706 PMCID: PMC8087484 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9921534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of action of the Chinese herbal formula Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD), which is commonly used to treat nerve injuries, in the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) using a network pharmacology method. Methods BYHWD-related targets were obtained by mining the TCMSP and BATMAN-TCM databases, and SCI-related targets were obtained by mining the DisGeNET, TTD, CTD, GeneCards, and MalaCards databases. The overlapping targets of the abovementioned targets may be potential therapeutic targets for BYHWD anti-SCI. Subsequently, we performed protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis, screened the hub genes using Cytoscape software, performed Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, and finally achieved molecular docking between the hub proteins and key active compounds. Results The 189 potential therapeutic targets for BYHWD anti-SCI were overlapping targets of 744 BYHWD-related targets and 923 SCI-related targets. The top 10 genes obtained subsequently included AKT1, IL6, MAPK1, TNF, TP53, VEGFA, CASP3, ALB, MAPK8, and JUN. Fifteen signaling pathways were also screened out after enrichment analysis and literature search. The results of molecular docking of key active compounds and hub target proteins showed a good binding affinity for both. Conclusion This study shows that BYHWD anti-SCI is characterized by a multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway synergy and provides new insights to explore the specific mechanisms of BYHWD against SCI.
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12
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Kamat SM, Mendelsohn AR, Larrick JW. Rejuvenation Through Oxygen, More or Less. Rejuvenation Res 2021; 24:158-163. [PMID: 33784834 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2021.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Modest modulation of oxygen intake, either by inducing mild intermittent hypoxia or hyperoxia appears to induce modest rejuvenative changes in mammals, in part, by activating key regulator hypoxia-induced factor 1a (HIF-1a). Interestingly both lower oxygen and transient higher oxygen levels induce this hypoxia regulator. Hyperbaric oxygen induces HIF-1a by the hyperoxic-hypoxic paradox that results from an overinduction of protective factors under intermittent hyperoxic conditions, leading to a state somewhat similar to that induced by hypoxia. A key difference being that SIRT1 is induced by hyperoxia, whereas it is reduced during hypoxia by the activity of HIF-1a. In a recent report, a small clinical trial employing 60 sessions of intermittent hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) studying old humans resulted in increased mean telomere length of immune cells including B cells, natural killer cells, T helper, and cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Moreover, there was a reduction in CD28null senescent T helper and cytotoxic T cells. In a parallel report, HBOT has been reported to enhance cognition in older adults, especially attention and information processing speed through increased cerebral blood flow (CBF) in brain regions where CBF tends to decline with age. The durability of these beneficial changes is yet to be determined. These preliminary results require follow-up, including more extensive characterization of changes in aging-associated biomarkers. An interesting avenue of potential work is to elucidate potential connections between hypoxia and epigenetics, especially the induction of the master pluripotent regulatory factors, which when expressed transiently have been reported to ameliorate some aging biomarkers and pathologies.
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13
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Endo Y, Baldino K, Li B, Zhang Y, Sakthivel D, MacArthur M, Panayi AC, Kip P, Spencer DJ, Jasuja R, Bagchi D, Bhasin S, Nuutila K, Neppl RL, Wagers AJ, Sinha I. Loss of ARNT in skeletal muscle limits muscle regeneration in aging. FASEB J 2020; 34:16086-16104. [PMID: 33064329 PMCID: PMC7756517 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000761rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ability of skeletal muscle to regenerate declines significantly with aging. The expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT), a critical component of the hypoxia signaling pathway, was less abundant in skeletal muscle of old (23-25 months old) mice. This loss of ARNT was associated with decreased levels of Notch1 intracellular domain (N1ICD) and impaired regenerative response to injury in comparison to young (2-3 months old) mice. Knockdown of ARNT in a primary muscle cell line impaired differentiation in vitro. Skeletal muscle-specific ARNT deletion in young mice resulted in decreased levels of whole muscle N1ICD and limited muscle regeneration. Administration of a systemic hypoxia pathway activator (ML228), which simulates the actions of ARNT, rescued skeletal muscle regeneration in both old and ARNT-deleted mice. These results suggest that the loss of ARNT in skeletal muscle is partially responsible for diminished myogenic potential in aging and activation of hypoxia signaling holds promise for rescuing regenerative activity in old muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yori Endo
- Division of Plastic SurgeryBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Kodi Baldino
- Division of Plastic SurgeryBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Bin Li
- Division of Plastic SurgeryBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic SurgeryNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yuteng Zhang
- Division of Plastic SurgeryBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic SurgeryNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | | | - Michael MacArthur
- Department of Genetics and Complex DiseasesHarvard School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular SurgeryBrigham and Women's HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | - Adriana C. Panayi
- Division of Plastic SurgeryBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Peter Kip
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular SurgeryBrigham and Women's HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | | | - Ravi Jasuja
- Division of EndocrinologyBrigham and Women's HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | - Debalina Bagchi
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Shalender Bhasin
- Division of EndocrinologyBrigham and Women's HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | - Kristo Nuutila
- Division of Plastic SurgeryBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Ronald L. Neppl
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Amy J. Wagers
- Joslin Diabetes CenterBostonMAUSA
- Harvard Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative BiologyHarvard Stem Cell InstituteCambridgeMAUSA
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of AgingHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Indranil Sinha
- Division of Plastic SurgeryBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Harvard Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative BiologyHarvard Stem Cell InstituteCambridgeMAUSA
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Chang HC, Yang YR, Wang RY. Effects of repetitive hyperbaric oxygen therapy on neuroprotection in middle cerebral artery occlusion rats. Brain Res 2020; 1748:147097. [PMID: 32896522 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) has been suggested as a possible therapy for brain injury. However, the effects of HBO after transient brain ischemia are inconsistent and the underlying mechanisms are not fully known. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of repetitive HBO intervention in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) animal model. Seventy-two Sprague-Dawley rats received MCAO and were randomly assigned to normal air control or HBO intervention groups. Each group was divided into 3 subgroups according to the intervention time period (7, 14, and 21 days). HBO was started 24 h post-MCAO for 1 h/day at 3.0 ATA with no-air breaks. After the final intervention, half of the rats in each subgroup were sacrificed and the right motor cortex was removed to examine levels of Akt phosphorylation and glutathione (GSH), as well as glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and reductase (GR) activity. The other half of the rats were used to examine infarct volume. At 24 h post-MCAO and the end of the final intervention, rats underwent tests to examine motor performance. We noted that 14- and 21-day HBO interventions significantly reduced infarct volume and increased Akt phosphorylation and GSH levels and GPx and GR activity. Motor performance was also significantly improved after 14- and 21-day interventions. No significant differences were observed between the controls and 7-day intervention groups. Repetitive HBO intervention starting 24 h post-MCAO and applied for at least 14 days, provided neuroprotective effects through modulating the cell survival pathway and antioxidative defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Chih Chang
- Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yea-Ru Yang
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ray-Yau Wang
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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15
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Li X, Lou X, Xu S, Du J, Wu J. Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α) reduced inflammation in spinal cord injury via miR-380-3p/ NLRP3 by Circ 0001723. Biol Res 2020; 53:35. [PMID: 32819442 PMCID: PMC7439692 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-020-00302-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe central nervous system trauma. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of HIF-1α on inflammation in spinal cord injury (SCI) to uncover the molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammation. RESULTS HIF-1α was reduced in SCI model rats and HIF-1α activation reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-18 levels in SCI model rats. Meanwhile, Circ 0001723 expression was down-regulated and miR-380-3p expression was up-regulated in SCI model rats. In vitro model, down-regulation of Circ 0001723 promoted TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-18 levels, compared with control negative group. However, over-expression of Circ 0001723 reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-18 levels in vitro model. Down-regulation of Circ 0001723 suppressed HIF-1α protein expressions and induced NLRP3 and Caspase-1 protein expressions in vitro model by up-regulation of miR-380-3p. Next, inactivation of HIF-1α reduced the pro-inflammation effects of Circ 0001723 in vitro model. Then, si-NLRP3 also inhibited the pro-inflammation effects of Circ 0001723 in vitro model via promotion of autophagy. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that HIF-1α reduced inflammation in spinal cord injury via miR-380-3p/ NLRP3 by Circ 0001723.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xigong Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xianfeng Lou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Sanzhong Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Junhua Du
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Junsong Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
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16
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Hadanny A, Efrati S. The Hyperoxic-Hypoxic Paradox. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10060958. [PMID: 32630465 PMCID: PMC7355982 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective metabolism is highly dependent on a narrow therapeutic range of oxygen. Accordingly, low levels of oxygen, or hypoxia, are one of the most powerful inducers of gene expression, metabolic changes, and regenerative processes, including angiogenesis and stimulation of stem cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. The sensing of decreased oxygen levels (hypoxia) or increased oxygen levels (hyperoxia), occurs through specialized chemoreceptor cells and metabolic changes at the cellular level, which regulate the response. Interestingly, fluctuations in the free oxygen concentration rather than the absolute level of oxygen can be interpreted at the cellular level as a lack of oxygen. Thus, repeated intermittent hyperoxia can induce many of the mediators and cellular mechanisms that are usually induced during hypoxia. This is called the hyperoxic-hypoxic paradox (HHP). This article reviews oxygen physiology, the main cellular processes triggered by hypoxia, and the cascade of events triggered by the HHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hadanny
- The Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research, Shamir (Assaf-Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin 70300, Israel;
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-544707381; Fax: +972-8-9779748
| | - Shai Efrati
- The Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research, Shamir (Assaf-Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin 70300, Israel;
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
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17
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Hadanny A, Efrati S. The Hyperoxic-Hypoxic Paradox. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10060958. [PMID: 32630465 DOI: 10.3390/biom1006095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective metabolism is highly dependent on a narrow therapeutic range of oxygen. Accordingly, low levels of oxygen, or hypoxia, are one of the most powerful inducers of gene expression, metabolic changes, and regenerative processes, including angiogenesis and stimulation of stem cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. The sensing of decreased oxygen levels (hypoxia) or increased oxygen levels (hyperoxia), occurs through specialized chemoreceptor cells and metabolic changes at the cellular level, which regulate the response. Interestingly, fluctuations in the free oxygen concentration rather than the absolute level of oxygen can be interpreted at the cellular level as a lack of oxygen. Thus, repeated intermittent hyperoxia can induce many of the mediators and cellular mechanisms that are usually induced during hypoxia. This is called the hyperoxic-hypoxic paradox (HHP). This article reviews oxygen physiology, the main cellular processes triggered by hypoxia, and the cascade of events triggered by the HHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hadanny
- The Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research, Shamir (Assaf-Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin 70300, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Shai Efrati
- The Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research, Shamir (Assaf-Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin 70300, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
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18
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Govindappa PK, Talukder MAH, Gurjar AA, Hegarty JP, Elfar JC. An effective erythropoietin dose regimen protects against severe nerve injury-induced pathophysiological changes with improved neural gene expression and enhances functional recovery. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 82:106330. [PMID: 32143001 PMCID: PMC7483891 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The functional recovery following non-severing peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is often incomplete. Erythropoietin (EPO) is a pleiotropic hormone and it has been shown to protect peripheral nerves following mild and even moderate severity injuries. However, the effectiveness of EPO in severe PNI is largely unknown. In this study, we sought to investigate the neuroprotective effect of a new dose regimen of EPO in severe sciatic nerve crush injury (SSCI). Adult male mice (8 animals/group) were randomly assigned to sham (normal saline, 0.1 ml/mouse), SSCI (normal saline, 0.1 ml/mouse) and SSCI with EPO (5000 IU/kg) groups. SSCI was performed using calibrated forceps for 30 sec. EPO or normal saline was administered intraperitoneally immediately after the SSCI and at post-injury day1 and 2. The functional recovery after injury was assessed by sciatic function index (SFI), von Frey Test (VFT), and grip strength test. Mice were euthanized on day 7 and 21 and nerves at injury/peri-injury site were processed for gene (quantitative real-time PCR) and protein (immunohistochemistry) expression analysis. EPO significantly improved SFI, VFT, and hind limb paw grip strength from post-injury day 7. EPO demonstrated significant regulatory effects on mRNA expression of inflammatory (IL-1β and TNF-α), anti-inflammatory (IL-10), angiogenesis (VEGF and eNOS), and myelination (MBP) genes. The protein expression of IL-1β, F4/80, CD31, NF-κB p65, NF-H, MPZ, and DHE (redox-sensitive probe) was also significantly modulated by EPO treatment. In conclusion, the new dose regimen of EPO augments sciatic nerve functional recovery by mitigating inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and myelination components of SSCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Kumar Govindappa
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science (CORTS), The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - M A Hassan Talukder
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science (CORTS), The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Anagha A Gurjar
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science (CORTS), The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - John P Hegarty
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science (CORTS), The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - John C Elfar
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science (CORTS), The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
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19
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Tran KA, Partyka PP, Jin Y, Bouyer J, Fischer I, Galie PA. Vascularization of self-assembled peptide scaffolds for spinal cord injury repair. Acta Biomater 2020; 104:76-84. [PMID: 31904559 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The disruption of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) following spinal cord injury contributes to inflammation and glial scarring that inhibits axon growth and diminishes the effectiveness of conduits transplanted to the injury site to promote this growth. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether scaffolds containing microvessels that exhibit BSCB integrity reduce inflammation and scar formation at the injury site and lead to increased axon growth. For these studies, a self-assembling peptide scaffold, RADA-16I, is used due to its established permissiveness to axon growth and ability to support vascularization. Immunocytochemistry and permeability transport assays verify the formation of tight-junction containing microvessels within the scaffold. Peptide scaffolds seeded with different concentrations of microvascular cells are then injected into a spinal contusion injury in rats to evaluate how microvessels affect axon growth and neurovascular interaction. The effect of the vascularized scaffold on inflammation and scar formation is evaluated by quantifying histological sections stained with ED-1 and GFAP, respectively. Our results indicate that the peptide scaffolds containing microvessels reduce inflammation and glial scar formation and increase the density of axons growing into the injury/transplant site. These results demonstrate the potential benefit of scaffold vascularization to treat spinal cord injury. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study evaluates the benefit of transplanting microvascular cells within a self-assembling peptide scaffold, RADA-16I, that has shown promise for facilitating regeneration in the central nervous system in previous studies. Our results indicate that vasculature featuring tight junctions that give rise to the blood-spinal cord barrier can be formed within the peptide scaffold both in vitro and in a rat model of a subacute contusion spinal cord injury. Histological analysis indicates that the presence of the microvessels encourages axon infiltration into the site of injury and reduces the area of astrocyte activation and inflammation. Overall, these results demonstrate the potential of vascularizing scaffolds for the repair of spinal cord injury.
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20
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Zhou H, Liu Y, Sun L, Fu M, Zhao Y. Salvianolic acid B activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling following spinal cord injury. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:825-832. [PMID: 32010242 PMCID: PMC6966170 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural cell apoptosis serves a key role in spinal cord injury (SCI), which is a threat to human health. The present study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective mechanism of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) in a spinal cord injury (SCI) rat model. Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scores demonstrated that Sal B treatment significantly increased locomotor functional recovery in SCI rats compared with SCI model rats between 3 and 8 weeks. Nissl staining demonstrated that Sal B enhanced motor neuron survival and decreased lesion size after SCI. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis demonstrated that Sal B treatment significantly enhanced the mRNA levels of lymphoid enhancer biding factor-1 and HNF1 homeobox A. In addition, Sal B treatment enhanced the expression of β-catenin. Western blot analysis determined that Sal B treatment significantly decreased the expression of pro-apoptosis proteins, including Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and -9, in spinal cord tissues after SCI but enhanced the expression of Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein. Furthermore, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining demonstrated that, compared with the SCI group, Sal B treatment decreased the number of TUNEL-positive neurons. In summary, the present study produced novel data demonstrating the neuroprotective effect of Sal B on SCI with the mechanism likely primarily mediated via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The present findings may be of potential therapeutic value for future SCI treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongming Zhou
- Department of Emergency Trauma Surgery, Linyi City Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, P.R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Bone Surgery, Linyi City Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, P.R. China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Ming Fu
- Department of Bone Surgery, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Provincial Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Shandong Provincial Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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21
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Zhang L, Zhuang X, Chen Y, Xia H. Intravenous transplantation of olfactory bulb ensheathing cells for a spinal cord hemisection injury rat model. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:1585-1602. [PMID: 31665910 PMCID: PMC6923555 DOI: 10.1177/0963689719883842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular transplantation strategies utilizing intraspinal or intrathecal olfactory
ensheathing cells (OECs) have been reported as beneficial for spinal cord injury (SCI).
However, there are many disadvantages of these methods, including additional trauma to the
spinal cord parenchyma and technical challenges. Therefore, we investigated the
feasibility and potential benefits of intravenous transplantation of OECs in a rat
hemisection SCI model. OECs derived from olfactory bulb tissue were labeled with quantum
dots (QDs), and their biodistribution after intravenous transplantation was tracked using
a fluorescence imaging system. Accumulation of the transplanted OECs was observed in the
injured spinal cord within 10 min, peaked at seven days after cell transplantation, and
decreased gradually thereafter. This time window corresponded to the blood–spinal cord
barrier (BSCB) opening time, which was quantitated with the Evans blue leakage assay.
Using immunohistochemistry, we examined neuronal growth (GAP-43), remyelination (MBP), and
microglia (Iba-1) reactions at the lesion site. Motor function recovery was also measured
using a classic open field test (Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan score). Compared with the
group injected only with QDs, the rats that received OEC transplantation exhibited a
prominent reduction in inflammatory responses, increased neurogenesis and remyelination,
and significant improvement in motor function. We suggest that intravenous injection could
also be an effective method for delivering OECs and improving functional outcomes after
SCI. Moreover, the time course of BSCB disruption provides a clinically relevant
therapeutic window for cell-based intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.,Ningxia Human Stem Cell Research Institute, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.,Surgery Laboratory, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Both the authors are co-authors and contributed equally to this article
| | - Xiaoqing Zhuang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.,Both the authors are co-authors and contributed equally to this article
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.,Ningxia Human Stem Cell Research Institute, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Hechun Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.,Ningxia Human Stem Cell Research Institute, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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22
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Cheng X, Long H, Chen W, Xu J, Wang X, Li F. The correlation between hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, matrix metalloproteinase-9 and functional recovery following chronic spinal cord compression. Brain Res 2019; 1718:75-82. [PMID: 31054885 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) are poorly understood. To assess the correlation between HIF-1α, MMP-9 and functional recovery following chronic cervical spinal cord compression (CSCI). Rats in the sham group underwent C5 semi-laminectomy, while a water-absorbable polyurethane polymer was implanted into the C6 epidural space in the chronic CSCI group. Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan score and somatosensory evoked potentials were used to evaluate neurological function. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to assess pathological changes in the spinal cord, while immunohistochemical analysis was used to examine HIF-1α and MMP-9 expression on days 7, 28, 42 and 70 post-surgery. Normal rats were only used for HE staining. The BBB score was significantly reduced on day 28 following CSCI, while SEPs exhibited decreased amplitude and increased latency. In chronic CSCI group, the BBB score and SEPs significantly improved on day 70 compared with day 28. HE staining revealed different level of spinal cord edema after chronic CSCI. Compared with the sham group, immunohistochemical analyses revealed that HIF-1α- and MMP-9-positive cells were increased on day 7 and peaked on day 28. HIF-1α and MMP-9 expression were demonstrated to be significantly positively correlated, whereas HIF-1α expression and BBB score were significantly negatively correlated, as well MMP-9 expression and BBB score. HIF-1α and MMP-9 expression are increased following chronic spinal cord compression and are positively correlated with one another. Decreased expression of HIF-1α and MMP-9 may contribute to functional recovery following CSCI. This expression pattern of HIF-1α and MMP-9 may give a new perspective on the molecular mechanisms of CSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Cheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Houqing Long
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenli Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghui Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Fobao Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
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Rong F, Gao X, Liu K, Wu J. Methotrexate remediates spinal cord injury in vivo and in vitro via suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:4191-4198. [PMID: 29731818 PMCID: PMC5921236 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) may induce apoptosis following spinal cord injury (SCI). Methotrexate (MTX) has been used as a long-term therapy regimen for rheumatoid arthritis. However, it is not clear whether MTX remediates SCI by inhibiting ERS. In the present study, to establish an in vitro ERS cell model, PC12 cells were pre-incubated with triglycerides (TG). MTT assays revealed that treatment with 1, 2.5, 5 and 10 µM TG decreased PC12 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, MTX treatment significantly reversed the TG-induced decrease in cell viability and increased apoptosis according to the flow cytometry assay (P<0.05). Notably, western blotting indicated that MTX significantly decreased levels of glucose-regulated protein (GRP)78, CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and caspase-12 expression (P<0.05), which were increased following treatment with TG. Furthermore, the in vivo role of MTX in a rat model of SCI was evaluated. The motor behavioral function of rats was improved following treatment with MTX according to Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan scoring (P<0.05). Terminal deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated dUTP nick end staining indicated that there were no apoptotic cells present in sham rats. In the SCI model group, apoptotic cells were observed at day 7; however, the number of apoptotic cells was reduced following an additional 7 days of MTX administration. Furthermore, levels of ERS-associated proteins, including caspase-3, activating transcription factor 6, serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease inositol-requiring enzyme 1 α, eukaryotic initiation factor 2 α and GRP78, were significantly increased following SCI; however, administration of MTX for 7 days significantly reversed this effect (P<0.05, P<0.01 and P<0.001). Therefore, MTX may improve SCI by suppressing ERS-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengju Rong
- Department Two of Orthopedics, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Xue Gao
- Department Two of Orthopedics, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department Two of Orthopedics, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Jintao Wu
- Department Two of Orthopedics, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
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Chen W, Zhang B, Xu S, Lin R, Wang W. Lentivirus carrying the NeuroD1 gene promotes the conversion from glial cells into neurons in a spinal cord injury model. Brain Res Bull 2017; 135:143-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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