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Al-Kuraishy HM, Sulaiman GM, Jabir MS, Mohammed HA, Al-Gareeb AI, Albukhaty S, Klionsky DJ, Abomughaid MM. Defective autophagy and autophagy activators in myasthenia gravis: a rare entity and unusual scenario. Autophagy 2024; 20:1473-1482. [PMID: 38346408 PMCID: PMC11210922 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2315893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) that results from autoantibodies against nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAchRs) at NMJs. These autoantibodies are mainly originated from autoreactive B cells that bind and destroy nAchRs at NMJs preventing nerve impulses from activating the end-plates of skeletal muscle. Indeed, immune dysregulation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of MG. Autoreactive B cells are increased in MG due to the defect in the central and peripheral tolerance mechanisms. As well, autoreactive T cells are augmented in MG due to the diversion of regulatory T (Treg) cells or a defect in thymic anergy leading to T cell-mediated autoimmunity. Furthermore, macroautophagy/autophagy, which is a conserved cellular catabolic process, plays a critical role in autoimmune diseases by regulating antigen presentation, survival of immune cells and cytokine-mediated inflammation. Abnormal autophagic flux is associated with different autoimmune disorders. Autophagy regulates the connection between innate and adaptive immune responses by controlling the production of cytokines and survival of Tregs. As autophagy is involved in autoimmune disorders, it may play a major role in the pathogenesis of MG. Therefore, this mini-review demonstrates the potential role of autophagy and autophagy activators in MG.Abbreviations: Ach, acetylcholine; Breg, regulatory B; IgG, immunoglobulin G; MG, myasthenia gravis; NMJ, neuromuscular junction; ROS, reactive oxygen species; Treg, regulatory T; Ubl, ubiquitin-like.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M. Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Majid S. Jabir
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Salim Albukhaty
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Misan, Maysan, Iraq
| | | | - Mosleh M. Abomughaid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
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Zhang J, Huang J, Lan J, Li Q, Ke L, Jiang Q, Li Y, Zhang H, Zhong H, Yang P, Chen T, Song Y. Astragaloside IV protects against autoimmune myasthenia gravis in rats via regulation of mitophagy and apoptosis. Mol Med Rep 2024; 30:129. [PMID: 38785143 PMCID: PMC11140232 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Astragaloside IV (AS‑IV) has various pharmacological effects, including antioxidant and immunoregulatory properties, which can improve myasthenia gravis (MG) symptoms. However, the potential mechanism underlying the effects of AS‑IV on MG remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate whether AS‑IV has a therapeutic effect on MG and its potential mechanism of action. By subcutaneously immunizing rats with R97‑116 peptide, an experimental autoimmune (EA) MG rat model was established. AS‑IV (40 or 80 mg/kg/day) treatment was then applied for 28 days after modeling. The results demonstrated that AS‑IV significantly ameliorated the weight loss, Lennon score and pathological changes in the gastrocnemius muscle of EAMG rats compared with the model group. Additionally, the levels of acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR‑Ab) were significantly decreased, whereas mitochondrial function [ATPase and cytochrome c (Cyt‑C) oxidase activities] and ultrastructure were improved in the AS‑IV treated rats. Moreover, the mRNA and protein expression levels of phosphatase and tensin homolog‑induced putative kinase 1, Parkin, LC3II and Bcl‑2, key signaling molecules for mitophagy and apoptosis, were upregulated, whereas the mRNA and protein expression levels of p62, Cyt‑C, Bax, caspase 3 and caspase 9 were downregulated following AS‑IV intervention. In conclusion, AS‑IV may protect against EAMG in a rat model by modulating mitophagy and apoptosis. These findings indicated the potential mechanism underlying the effects of AS‑IV on MG and provided novel insights into treatment strategies for MG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
- Institute of Pi-Wei, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Jiayan Huang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
- Institute of Pi-Wei, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Jinlian Lan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
- Institute of Pi-Wei, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Qing Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
- Institute of Pi-Wei, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Ke
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
- Institute of Pi-Wei, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Qilong Jiang
- Department of Gastrosplenic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Yanwu Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
- Institute of Pi-Wei, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Han Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Huiya Zhong
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
- Institute of Pi-Wei, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Peidan Yang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
- Institute of Pi-Wei, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Tongkai Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Yafang Song
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
- Institute of Pi-Wei, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
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Huang J, Yan Z, Song Y, Chen T. Nanodrug Delivery Systems for Myasthenia Gravis: Advances and Perspectives. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:651. [PMID: 38794313 PMCID: PMC11125447 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare chronic autoimmune disease caused by the production of autoantibodies against the postsynaptic membrane receptors present at the neuromuscular junction. This condition is characterized by fatigue and muscle weakness, including diplopia, ptosis, and systemic impairment. Emerging evidence suggests that in addition to immune dysregulation, the pathogenesis of MG may involve mitochondrial damage and ferroptosis. Mitochondria are the primary site of energy production, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated due to mitochondrial dysfunction can induce ferroptosis. Nanomedicines have been extensively employed to treat various disorders due to their modifiability and good biocompatibility, but their application in MG management has been rather limited. Nevertheless, nanodrug delivery systems that carry immunomodulatory agents, anti-oxidants, or ferroptosis inhibitors could be effective for the treatment of MG. Therefore, this review focuses on various nanoplatforms aimed at attenuating immune dysregulation, restoring mitochondrial function, and inhibiting ferroptosis that could potentially serve as promising agents for targeted MG therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yafang Song
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; (J.H.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Tongkai Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; (J.H.); (Z.Y.)
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Zhu N, Hou J, Si J, Yang N, Chen B, Wei X, Zhu L. SIRT1 and ZNF350 as novel biomarkers for osteoporosis: a bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:530. [PMID: 38637425 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09406-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis (OP) is characterized by bone mass decrease and bone tissue microarchitectural deterioration in bone tissue. This study identified potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of OP and elucidated the mechanism of OP. METHODS Gene expression profiles were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) for the GSE56814 dataset. A gene co-expression network was constructed using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify key modules associated with healthy and OP samples. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted using the R clusterProfiler package for modules to construct the transcriptional regulatory factor networks. We used the "ggpubr" package in R to screen for differentially expressed genes between the two samples. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) was employed to further validate hub gene expression levels between normal and OP samples using RT-PCR and immunofluorescence to evaluate the potential biological changes in various samples. RESULTS There was a distinction between the normal and OP conditions based on the preserved significant module. A total of 100 genes with the highest MM scores were considered key genes. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that the top 10 biological processes, cellular component and molecular functions were enriched. The Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, osteoclast differentiation, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and chemokine signaling pathway were identified by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis. SIRT1 and ZNF350 were identified by Wilcoxon algorithm as hub differentially expressed transcriptional regulatory factors that promote OP progression by affecting oxidative phosphorylation, apoptosis, PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling, and p53 pathway. According to RT-PCR and immunostaining results, SIRT1 and ZNF350 levels were significantly higher in OP samples than in normal samples. CONCLUSION SIRT1 and ZNF350 are important transcriptional regulatory factors for the pathogenesis of OP and may be novel biomarkers for OP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiqiang Zhu
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100102, China
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - Jingyi Hou
- Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - Jingyuan Si
- South Operation Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - Xu Wei
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100102, China.
| | - Liguo Zhu
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100102, China.
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Zhang Y, Li Y, Quan Z, Xiao P, Duan JA. New Insights into Antioxidant Peptides: An Overview of Efficient Screening, Evaluation Models, Molecular Mechanisms, and Applications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:203. [PMID: 38397801 PMCID: PMC10886007 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant peptides are currently a hotspot in food science, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. In different fields, the screening, activity evaluation, mechanisms, and applications of antioxidant peptides are the pivotal areas of research. Among these topics, the efficient screening of antioxidant peptides stands at the forefront of cutting-edge research. To this end, efficient screening with novel technologies has significantly accelerated the research process, gradually replacing the traditional approach. After the novel antioxidant peptides are screened and identified, a time-consuming activity evaluation is another indispensable procedure, especially in in vivo models. Cellular and rodent models have been widely used for activity evaluation, whilst non-rodent models provide an efficient solution, even with the potential for high-throughput screening. Meanwhile, further research of molecular mechanisms can elucidate the essence underlying the activity, which is related to several signaling pathways, including Keap1-Nrf2/ARE, mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, TGF-β/SMAD, AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and NF-κB. Last but not least, antioxidant peptides have broad applications in food manufacture, therapy, and the cosmetics industry, which requires a systematic review. This review introduces novel technologies for the efficient screening of antioxidant peptides, categorized with a new vision. A wide range of activity evaluation assays, encompassing cellular models, as well as rodent and non-rodent models, are provided in a comprehensive manner. In addition, recent advances in molecular mechanisms are analyzed with specific cases. Finally, the applications of antioxidant peptides in food production, therapy, and cosmetics are systematically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ping Xiao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (Z.Q.)
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Alvarez S, Vanasco V, Adán Areán JS, Magnani N, Evelson P. Mitochondrial Mechanisms in Immunity and Inflammatory Conditions: Beyond Energy Management. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 38062738 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Significance: The growing importance of mitochondria in the immune response and inflammation is multifaceted. Unraveling the different mechanisms by which mitochondria have a relevant role in the inflammatory response beyond the energy management of the process is necessary for improving our understanding of the host immune defense and the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases and syndromes. Critical Issues: Mitochondria are relevant in the immune response at different levels, including releasing activation molecules, changing its structure and function to accompany the immune response, and serving as a structural base for activating intermediates as NLRP3 inflammasome. In this scientific journey of dissecting mitochondrial mechanisms, new questions and interesting aspects arise, such as the involvement of mitochondrial-derived vesicles in the immune response with the putative role of preventing uncontrolled situations. Recent Advances: Researchers are continuously rethinking the role of mitochondria in acute and chronic inflammation and related disorders. As such, mitochondria have important roles as centrally positioned signaling hubs in regulating inflammatory and immune responses. In this review, we present the current understanding of mitochondrial mechanisms involved, beyond the largely known mitochondrial dysfunction, in the onset and development of inflammatory situations. Future Directions: Mitochondria emerge as an interesting and multifaceted platform for studying and developing pharmaceutical and therapeutic approaches. There are many ongoing studies aimed to describe the effects of specific mitochondrial targeted molecules and treatments to ameliorate the consequences of exacerbated inflammatory components of pathologies and syndromes, resulting in an open area of increasing research interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Alvarez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Fisicoquímica, CABA, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
| | - Virginia Vanasco
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Fisicoquímica, CABA, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
| | - Juan Santiago Adán Areán
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Fisicoquímica, CABA, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
| | - Natalia Magnani
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
| | - Pablo Evelson
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
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7
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Becker YLC, Duvvuri B, Fortin PR, Lood C, Boilard E. The role of mitochondria in rheumatic diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2022; 18:621-640. [PMID: 36175664 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-022-00834-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrion is an intracellular organelle thought to originate from endosymbiosis between an ancestral eukaryotic cell and an α-proteobacterium. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, and can control several important processes within the cell, such as cell death. Conversely, dysregulation of mitochondria possibly contributes to the pathophysiology of several autoimmune diseases. Defects in mitochondria can be caused by mutations in the mitochondrial genome or by chronic exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines, including type I interferons. Following the release of intact mitochondria or mitochondrial components into the cytosol or the extracellular space, the bacteria-like molecular motifs of mitochondria can elicit pro-inflammatory responses by the innate immune system. Moreover, antibodies can target mitochondria in autoimmune diseases, suggesting an interplay between the adaptive immune system and mitochondria. In this Review, we discuss the roles of mitochondria in rheumatic diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis. An understanding of the different contributions of mitochondria to distinct rheumatic diseases or manifestations could permit the development of novel therapeutic strategies and the use of mitochondria-derived biomarkers to inform pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann L C Becker
- Centre de Recherche ARThrite-Arthrite, Recherche et Traitements, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de microbiologie et immunologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Bhargavi Duvvuri
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul R Fortin
- Centre de Recherche ARThrite-Arthrite, Recherche et Traitements, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Québec, QC, Canada
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Christian Lood
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Eric Boilard
- Centre de Recherche ARThrite-Arthrite, Recherche et Traitements, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Département de microbiologie et immunologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
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Wen Y, Huang H, Huang B, Liao X. HSA-miR-34a-5p regulates the SIRT1/TP53 axis in prostate cancer. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:4493-4504. [PMID: 35958506 PMCID: PMC9360830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
SIRT1 is tightly associated with the progression of prostate cancer while the role of Hsa-miR-34a-5p in SIRT1-mediated prostate cancer is not fully understood. We have thoroughly mined the data from two databases, namely the Lipidemia and the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and found that SIRT1 was highly expressed in human carcinoma tissues as compared to normal tissues, and patients with high SIRT1 expression level had a shorter survival time. The online tool "Gene-RADAR" was applied to investigate the interaction among SIRT1, the TP53 gene and miR-34a-5p. We found that SIRT1 was up-regulated in cancer tissues from patients diagnosed with prostate and castration-resistant prostate cancer when compared to healthy controls. Pearson analysis indicated a positive correlation between SIRT1 and miR-34a-5p, while data mining on the TargetScan database predicted the binding site between the two. An apoptosis assay of prostate cancer cells (PRAD) confirmed that the overexpression of miR-34a-5p inhibited paclitaxel-induced apoptosis and promoted cell proliferation. Cell cycle analysis verified that miR-34a-5p overexpression blocked PRAD cells in the G2/S phase of the cell cycle. Moreover, the Western blotting (WB) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays demonstrated that the overexpression of miR-34a-5p induced down-regulation of the SIRT-related proteins HIF2α and PGC1α, while on the contrary, it up-regulated the expression of two tumour suppressor genes, TP53 and VEGF. In conclusion, we have shown that miR-34a-5p is involved in the oncogenesis of PRAD cells via the SIRT1/TP53 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqin Wen
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University Dongguan 523059, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Huijie Huang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University Dongguan 523059, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University Dongguan 523059, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomin Liao
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University Dongguan 523059, Guangdong, P. R. China
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Liu B, Chen D, Wang Y, Li Q, Zhu L, Yang Z, Chen X. Adipose improves muscular atrophy caused by Sirtuin1 deficiency by promoting mitochondria synthesis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 149:106246. [PMID: 35738524 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Muscular dysplasia is a common muscle disease, but its pathological mechanism is still unclear. Adipose is originally identified as a highly conservative and widely expressed anti-obesity gene, and our previous study has reported that Adipose is also a positive regulator of myogenesis. Considering the vital role of during muscle development, this study was to demonstrate a potential relationship between Sirtuin1 and Adipose and clarified the mechanism by which Adipose regulated muscle development. Our results showed that the muscle fiber cross-sectional area and myosin heavy chain protein level were significantly reduced in Sirtuin1+/- mice. Moreover, the longitudinal section of muscle fibers was obviously irregular. Sirtuin1 knockdown significantly reduced the expression levels of Adipose and its upstream transcriptional regulator Kruppel like factor 15 and notably inhibited the AMP-activated protein kinase α-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α signaling pathway in skeletal muscle. However, Adipose over-expression activated this signaling pathway and promoted mitochondrial biosynthesis in C2C12 myoblasts. Adipose over-expression also enhanced glucose absorption of C2C12 cells, suggesting the increased needs for cells for metabolic substrates. In C2C12 cells with hydrogen peroxide treatment, Adipose over-expression repressed hydrogen peroxide-elicited apoptosis and mitochondrial loss, while Sirtuin1-specific inhibitor dramatically weakened these roles of Adipose. Taken together, our findings reveal that Adipose rescues the adverse effects of Sirtuin1 deficiency or hydrogen peroxide on muscle development by activating the AMP-activated protein kinase α- peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α pathway to promote mitochondria synthesis, which provides theoretical basis for developing new therapeutic targets against some muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology &College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dongqin Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology &College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qinjin Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology &College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zaiqing Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology &College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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10
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Li L, Cai D, Zhong H, Liu F, Jiang Q, Liang J, Li P, Song Y, Ji A, Jiao W, Song J, Li J, Chen Z, Li Q, Ke L. Mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis indicators may serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:307. [PMID: 35340870 PMCID: PMC8931634 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to challenges in diagnosing myasthenia gravis (MG), identifying novel diagnostic biomarkers for this disease is essential. Mitochondria are key organelles that regulate multiple physiological functions, such as energy production, cell proliferation and cell death. In the present study, Mfn1/2, Opa1, Drp1, Fis1, AMPK, PGC-1α, NRF-1 and TFAM were compared between patients with MG and healthy subjects to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers for MG. Blood samples were collected from 50 patients with MG and 50 healthy subjects. The participants' demographic information and routine blood test results were recorded. Mitochondrial dynamics were evaluated and levels of Mfn1/2, Opa1, Drp1, Fis1, AMPK, PGC-1α, NRF-1 and TFAM were determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of these indicators. The areas under the curve values of Mfn1/2, Opa1, Drp1, Fis1,AMPK, PGC-1α, NRF-1 and TFAM were 0.5408-0.8696. Compared with control subjects, mRNA expression levels of Mfn1/2, Opa1, AMPK, PGC-1α, NRF-1 and TFAM were lower, while those of Drp1 and Fis1 were higher in patients with MG. The protein expression levels of all these molecules were lower in patients with MG than in control subjects. These results suggested that mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis indicators may be diagnostic biomarkers for MG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanqi Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Donghong Cai
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Huiya Zhong
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Fengbin Liu
- Department of Gastrosplenic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Qilong Jiang
- Department of Gastrosplenic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Jian Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Peiwu Li
- Department of Gastrosplenic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Yafang Song
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Aidong Ji
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Wei Jiao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Jingwei Song
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Jinqiu Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Qing Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Lingling Ke
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
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Wang Z, Yang Z, Liu J, Hao Y, Sun B, Wang J. Potential Health Benefits of Whole Grains: Modulation of Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Energy Metabolism. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:14065-14074. [PMID: 34775748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play an essential role in maintaining cellular metabolic homeostasis. However, its dysfunction will cause different pathophysiological consequences. A specific mechanism of action has been developed by cells to adapt to changes in physiological conditions or in response to different stimuli, by meditating mitochondrial number, structure, and energy metabolism. Whole grains are considered healthier than refined grains for their higher amounts of bioactive components, with proven multiple health benefits. The modulation of an appropriate mitochondrial function contributes to the bioactive-component-based health improvements. Thus, this review aims to represent current studies that identify the impact of natural bioactive components in whole grains against metabolic disorders by modulating mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism. It seems most attractive to aim nutritional intervention at the prevention or treatment of metabolic abnormalities and hence to target dietary management at improvement of mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihui Yang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Hao
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
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Lee K, Kim J, Park SD, Shim JJ, Lee JL. Lactobacillus plantarum HY7715 Ameliorates Sarcopenia by Improving Skeletal Muscle Mass and Function in Aged Balb/c Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810023. [PMID: 34576187 PMCID: PMC8466743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a loss of muscle mass and function in elderly people and can lead to physical frailty and fall-related injuries. Sarcopenia is an inevitable event of the aging process that substantially impacts a person's quality of life. Recent studies to improve muscle function through the intake of various functional food materials are attracting attention. However, it is not yet known whether probiotics can improve muscle mass and muscle strength and affect physical performance. Lactobacillus plantarum HY7715 (HY7715) is a lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi. The present research shows that L. plantarum HY7715 increases physical performance and skeletal muscle mass in 80-week-old aged Balb/c male mice. HY7715 not only induces myoblast differentiation and mitochondrial biogenesis but also inhibits the sarcopenic process in skeletal muscle. In addition, HY7715 recovers the microbiome composition and beta-diversity shift. Therefore, HY7715 has promise as a functional probiotic supplement to improve the degeneration of muscle function that is associated with aging.
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