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Pădureanu V, Dop D, Caragea DC, Rădulescu D, Pădureanu R, Forțofoiu MC. Cardiovascular and Neurological Diseases and Association with Helicobacter Pylori Infection-An Overview. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1781. [PMID: 39202269 PMCID: PMC11353373 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14161781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
This article investigates the link between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and cardiovascular and neurological disorders. Recent research suggests that H. pylori may play a role in cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke, as well as neurological diseases including Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease. Cardiovascular Diseases: H. pylori induces endothelial dysfunction and chronic inflammation, promoting atherosclerotic plaque formation and other cardiac complications. High infection prevalence in cardiovascular patients implies that systemic inflammation from H. pylori accelerates disease progression. Eradication therapies combined with anti-inflammatory and lipid-lowering treatments may reduce cardiovascular risk. Neurological Diseases: H. pylori may contribute to Alzheimer's, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's through systemic inflammation, neuroinflammation, and autoimmune responses. Increased infection prevalence in these patients suggests bacterial involvement in disease pathogenesis. The eradication of H. pylori could reduce neuroinflammation and improve outcomes. Discussions and Future Research: Managing H. pylori infection in clinical practice could impact public health and treatment approaches. Further research is needed to clarify these relationships. Longitudinal and mechanistic studies are essential to fully understand H. pylori's role in these conditions. Conclusions: H. pylori infection is a potential risk factor for various cardiovascular and neurological conditions. Additional research is critical for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies. Targeted therapies, including H. pylori eradication combined with anti-inflammatory treatments, could improve clinical outcomes. These findings highlight the need for an integrated clinical approach to include H. pylori evaluation and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Pădureanu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (V.P.); (M.-C.F.)
| | - Dalia Dop
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Daniel Cosmin Caragea
- Department of Nephrology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Dumitru Rădulescu
- Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Rodica Pădureanu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (V.P.); (M.-C.F.)
| | - Mircea-Cătălin Forțofoiu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (V.P.); (M.-C.F.)
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Alqahtani S, Al-Raddadi R, Ajabnoor G, Alraddadi Z, Alahmadi J, Alhabash A, Hakim R, Alseraihi L, Bahijri S. Usefulness of Neck Circumference, Waist-to-Height Ratio and Waist-to-Hip Ratio in Predicting Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Saudi Population Without Type 2 Diabetes. Nutr Metab Insights 2024; 17:11786388241259942. [PMID: 38911904 PMCID: PMC11193350 DOI: 10.1177/11786388241259942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Early identification and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) could reduce overall mortality. Anthropometric measurements offer a simple and cost-effective method to potentially improve early detection of NAFLD and prevent its complications. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of NAFLD using the fatty liver index (FLI) and evaluate the effectiveness of certain anthropometric measurements in predicting NAFLD as diagnosed by FLI. Method A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with 1264 Saudi population without Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) non-alcoholic individuals at primary health care centers (PHCCs) in Jeddah city. Measurements included triglycerides, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Measurements for neck circumference (NC), and calculations for weight-to-height ratio (WHtR) and weight-to-hip ratio (WHpR), along with FLI, were performed. NAFLD was identified in individuals with an FLI ⩾60. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was utilized to assess the accuracy of WHtR, WHpR, and NC in detecting NAFLD, with Youden's index determining the optimal cutoff points for these 3 indices. Result The prevalence of NAFLD was found to be 30.9%. Among the markers, WHtR emerged as the most significant in indicating NAFLD, achieving an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.916; whereas NC and WHpR exhibited identical AUC values of 0.783. WHtR demonstrated superior diagnostic efficacy for identifying elevated FLI, with gender-specific cutoff values established at >0.57 for females and >0.61 for males. In all 3 markers, females exhibited higher sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value (NPV) compared to males. Conclusion WHtR could serve as a useful tool in the initial clinical screening for NAFLD among Saudi population without T2DM to identify those who may benefit from more comprehensive testing. Further local studies are warranted to confirm the levels of accuracy and the calculated cutoffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Alqahtani
- Liver Transplant Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rajaa Al-Raddadi
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Diabetes Study Research Group- King Fahd Medical Research Center
| | - Ghada Ajabnoor
- Saudi Diabetes Study Research Group- King Fahd Medical Research Center
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeyad Alraddadi
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Stem Cell and Tissue Re-engineering Program, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawaher Alahmadi
- Saudi Diabetes Study Research Group- King Fahd Medical Research Center
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Alhabash
- Department of General Surgery, King Faisal Hospital Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehad Hakim
- Ibn Sina College Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Suhad Bahijri
- Saudi Diabetes Study Research Group- King Fahd Medical Research Center
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Pezzino S, Luca T, Castorina M, Puleo S, Latteri S, Castorina S. Role of Perturbated Hemostasis in MASLD and Its Correlation with Adipokines. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:93. [PMID: 38255708 PMCID: PMC10820028 DOI: 10.3390/life14010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) continues to rise, making it one of the most prevalent chronic liver disorders. MASLD encompasses a range of liver pathologies, from simple steatosis to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) with inflammation, hepatocyte damage, and fibrosis. Interestingly, the liver exhibits close intercommunication with fatty tissue. In fact, adipose tissue could contribute to the etiology and advancement of MASLD, acting as an endocrine organ that releases several hormones and cytokines, with the adipokines assuming a pivotal role. The levels of adipokines in the blood are altered in people with MASLD, and recent research has shed light on the crucial role played by adipokines in regulating energy expenditure, inflammation, and fibrosis in MASLD. However, MASLD disease is a multifaceted condition that affects various aspects of health beyond liver function, including its impact on hemostasis. The alterations in coagulation mechanisms and endothelial and platelet functions may play a role in the increased vulnerability and severity of MASLD. Therefore, more attention is being given to imbalanced adipokines as causative agents in causing disturbances in hemostasis in MASLD. Metabolic inflammation and hepatic injury are fundamental components of MASLD, and the interrelation between these biological components and the hemostasis pathway is delineated by reciprocal influences, as well as the induction of alterations. Adipokines have the potential to serve as the shared elements within this complex interrelationship. The objective of this review is to thoroughly examine the existing scientific knowledge on the impairment of hemostasis in MASLD and its connection with adipokines, with the aim of enhancing our comprehension of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Pezzino
- Mediterranean Foundation “GB Morgagni”, 95125 Catania, Italy (M.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Tonia Luca
- Mediterranean Foundation “GB Morgagni”, 95125 Catania, Italy (M.C.); (S.C.)
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | | | - Stefano Puleo
- Mediterranean Foundation “GB Morgagni”, 95125 Catania, Italy (M.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Saverio Latteri
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Sergio Castorina
- Mediterranean Foundation “GB Morgagni”, 95125 Catania, Italy (M.C.); (S.C.)
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
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Cui F, Mi H, Wang R, Du Y, Li F, Chang S, Su Y, Liu A, Shi M. The effect of chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia improving liver damage in metabolic syndrome rats through ferritinophagy. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:1251-1263. [PMID: 37747537 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02860-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Studies have confirmed that hepatic iron overload is one of the important factors causing liver damage in the metabolic syndrome (MS). As a special form of autophagy, ferritinophagy is involved in the regulation of iron metabolism. Our previous studies have shown that chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (CIHH) can improve the iron metabolism disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate how CIHH improves liver damage through ferritinophagy in MS rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 8-10 weeks were randomly divided into four groups: control (CON), CIHH (exposed to hypoxia at a simulated altitude of 5000 m for 28 days, 6 h daily), MS model (induced by a 16-week high-fat diet and 10% fructose water feeding), and MS + CIHH (exposed to CIHH after a 16-week MS inducement) groups. Liver index, liver function, iron content, tissue morphology, oxidative stress, ferritinophagy, ferroptosis, and iron metabolism-related protein expression were measured, and the ferritinophagy flux in the liver was further analyzed. Compared with CON rats, MS rats had an increased liver index, damaged liver tissue and function, increased iron content and iron deposition, disrupted iron metabolism, significantly increased oxidative stress indicators in the liver, significantly upregulated expression of ferroptosis-related proteins, and downregulated expression of nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) and ferritinophagy flux. After CIHH treatment, the degree of liver damage and various abnormal indicators in MS rats were significantly improved. CIHH may improve liver damage by promoting NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy, reducing iron overload and oxidative stress, and thereby alleviating ferroptosis in MS rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050000, People's Republic of China
- Department of Electron Microscope Laboratory, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Haichao Mi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, 276003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruotong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yutao Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyang Chang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangchen Su
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Aijing Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050000, People's Republic of China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People's Republic of China.
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