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Xin Y, Li K, Huang M, Liang C, Siemann D, Wu L, Tan Y, Tang X. Biophysics in tumor growth and progression: from single mechano-sensitive molecules to mechanomedicine. Oncogene 2023; 42:3457-3490. [PMID: 37864030 PMCID: PMC10656290 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02844-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Evidence from physical sciences in oncology increasingly suggests that the interplay between the biophysical tumor microenvironment and genetic regulation has significant impact on tumor progression. Especially, tumor cells and the associated stromal cells not only alter their own cytoskeleton and physical properties but also remodel the microenvironment with anomalous physical properties. Together, these altered mechano-omics of tumor tissues and their constituents fundamentally shift the mechanotransduction paradigms in tumorous and stromal cells and activate oncogenic signaling within the neoplastic niche to facilitate tumor progression. However, current findings on tumor biophysics are limited, scattered, and often contradictory in multiple contexts. Systematic understanding of how biophysical cues influence tumor pathophysiology is still lacking. This review discusses recent different schools of findings in tumor biophysics that have arisen from multi-scale mechanobiology and the cutting-edge technologies. These findings range from the molecular and cellular to the whole tissue level and feature functional crosstalk between mechanotransduction and oncogenic signaling. We highlight the potential of these anomalous physical alterations as new therapeutic targets for cancer mechanomedicine. This framework reconciles opposing opinions in the field, proposes new directions for future cancer research, and conceptualizes novel mechanomedicine landscape to overcome the inherent shortcomings of conventional cancer diagnosis and therapies.
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Grants
- R35 GM150812 NIGMS NIH HHS
- This work was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project no. 11972316, Y.T.), Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission (Project no. JCYJ20200109142001798, SGDX2020110309520303, and JCYJ20220531091002006, Y.T.), General Research Fund of Hong Kong Research Grant Council (PolyU 15214320, Y. T.), Health and Medical Research Fund (HMRF18191421, Y.T.), Hong Kong Polytechnic University (1-CD75, 1-ZE2M, and 1-ZVY1, Y.T.), the Cancer Pilot Research Award from UF Health Cancer Center (X. T.), the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under award number R35GM150812 (X. T.), the National Science Foundation under grant number 2308574 (X. T.), the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under award number FA9550-23-1-0393 (X. T.), the University Scholar Program (X. T.), UF Research Opportunity Seed Fund (X. T.), the Gatorade Award (X. T.), and the National Science Foundation REU Site at UF: Engineering for Healthcare (Douglas Spearot and Malisa Sarntinoranont). We are deeply grateful for the insightful discussions with and generous support from all members of Tang (UF)’s and Tan (PolyU)’s laboratories and all staff members of the MAE/BME/ECE/Health Cancer Center at UF and BME at PolyU.
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xin
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Keming Li
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Miao Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Chenyu Liang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Dietmar Siemann
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lizi Wu
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Youhua Tan
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
- Research Institute of Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xin Tang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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2
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Ildiz ES, Gvozdenovic A, Kovacs WJ, Aceto N. Travelling under pressure - hypoxia and shear stress in the metastatic journey. Clin Exp Metastasis 2023; 40:375-394. [PMID: 37490147 PMCID: PMC10495280 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-023-10224-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cell invasion, intravasation and survival in the bloodstream are early steps of the metastatic process, pivotal to enabling the spread of cancer to distant tissues. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent a highly selected subpopulation of cancer cells that tamed these critical steps, and a better understanding of their biology and driving molecular principles may facilitate the development of novel tools to prevent metastasis. Here, we describe key research advances in this field, aiming at describing early metastasis-related processes such as collective invasion, shedding, and survival of CTCs in the bloodstream, paying particular attention to microenvironmental factors like hypoxia and mechanical stress, considered as important influencers of the metastatic journey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Su Ildiz
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana Gvozdenovic
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Werner J Kovacs
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Aceto
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Zurich, Switzerland.
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3
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Mansour J, Berwanger C, Jung M, Eichinger L, Fabry B, Clemen CS. Clinorotation inhibits myotube formation by fluid motion, not by simulated microgravity. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151330. [PMID: 37290222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
To study processes related to weightlessness in ground-based cell biological research, a theoretically assumed microgravity environment is typically simulated using a clinostat - a small laboratory device that rotates cell culture vessels with the aim of averaging out the vector of gravitational forces. Here, we report that the rotational movement during fast clinorotation induces complex fluid motions in the cell culture vessel, which can trigger unintended cellular responses. Specifically, we demonstrate that suppression of myotube formation by 2D-clinorotation at 60 rpm is not an effect of the assumed microgravity but instead is a consequence of fluid motion. Therefore, cell biological results from fast clinorotation cannot be attributed to microgravity unless alternative explanations have been rigorously tested and ruled out. We consider two control experiments mandatory, i) a static, non-rotating control, and ii) a control for fluid motion. These control experiments are also highly recommended for other rotation speed settings and experimental conditions. Finally, we discuss strategies to minimize fluid motion in clinorotation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Mansour
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | - Carolin Berwanger
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany; Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marcel Jung
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | - Ludwig Eichinger
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ben Fabry
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph S Clemen
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany; Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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4
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Ramos Arias G, Sindayigaya R, Ouaissi M, Buggisch JR, Schmeding M, Giger-Pabst U, Zieren J. Safety and Feasibility of High-Pressure/High-Dose Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (HP/HD-PIPAC) for Primary and Metastatic Peritoneal Surface Malignancies. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:2497-2505. [PMID: 36400887 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-12698-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and perioperative safety of high-pressure/high-dose pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (HP/HD-PIPAC) to manage peritoneal surface malignancies (PSM). METHODS Retrospective analysis of a prospective database of about 130 consecutive patients scheduled for HP/HD-PIPACs for PSM. Doxorubicin plus cisplatin (PIPAC-C/D) or oxaliplatin (PIPAC-Ox) were nebulized into a constant capnoperitoneum of 20 mmHg at doses of 6, 30, or 120 mg/m2 of body surface area (BSA). Outcome criteria were perioperative complications (Clavien-Dindo). RESULTS The median age of patients was 62 years (range 9-82), and the primary tumor site was of colorectal (CRC), upper gastrointestinal tract (UGI), unknown primary (CUP), malignant epithelioid mesothelioma of the peritoneum (MPM), hepato-pancreatic-biliary tract (HPB), and other origin in 30 (23.1%), 27 (20.8%), 16 (12.3%), 16 (12.3%), 6 (4.6%), and 35 (26.9%) patients, respectively. Abdominal access failed for a first, second, third, and fourth or more HP/HD-PIPAC in 12/130 (9.2%), 4/64 (6.3%), 6/40 (15.0%), and 2/33 (6.1%) patients. A total of 243 procedures were performed in 118 patients. No intraoperative complications related to increased capnoperitoneal pressure occurred, but an intraoperative bleeding complication was observed in 1/243 (0.4%) patients. The overall rate of postoperative procedure-related complications was 19.3% (47/243), while 15.3% (37/243), 1.6% (6/243), 1.6% (1/243), 0.4% (1/243), and 0.4% (1/243) were Grade I, II, III, IV, and V complications, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Perioperative complications of HP/HD-PIPAC are comparable with standard pressure/dose PIPAC treatment protocols. Prospective studies are warranted to examine potential improvement in therapy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Ramos Arias
- Department of Surgery, Städtisches Krankenhaus Dortmund, University Hospital of the University Witten/Herdecke, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Rémy Sindayigaya
- Department of Digestive, Oncological, Endocrine, Hepato-Biliary, Pancreatic and Liver Transplant Surgery, Trousseau Hospital, Chambray les Tours, Tours, France
| | - Mehdi Ouaissi
- Department of Digestive, Oncological, Endocrine, Hepato-Biliary, Pancreatic and Liver Transplant Surgery, Trousseau Hospital, Chambray les Tours, Tours, France
- University of Münster, Medizinische Fakultät, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Maximilian Schmeding
- Department of Surgery, Städtisches Krankenhaus Dortmund, University Hospital of the University Witten/Herdecke, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Urs Giger-Pabst
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Université de Tours, Tours, France.
- Fliedner Fachhochschule, University of Applied Science Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Zieren
- Department of Surgery, Städtisches Krankenhaus Dortmund, University Hospital of the University Witten/Herdecke, Wuppertal, Germany
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5
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Flores-Torres S, Jiang T, Kort-Mascort J, Yang Y, Peza-Chavez O, Pal S, Mainolfi A, Pardo LA, Ferri L, Bertos N, Sangwan V, Kinsella JM. Constructing 3D In Vitro Models of Heterocellular Solid Tumors and Stromal Tissues Using Extrusion-Based Bioprinting. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:542-561. [PMID: 36598339 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Malignant tumor tissues exhibit inter- and intratumoral heterogeneities, aberrant development, dynamic stromal composition, diverse tissue phenotypes, and cell populations growing within localized mechanical stresses in hypoxic conditions. Experimental tumor models employing engineered systems that isolate and study these complex variables using in vitro techniques are under development as complementary methods to preclinical in vivo models. Here, advances in extrusion bioprinting as an enabling technology to recreate the three-dimensional tumor milieu and its complex heterogeneous characteristics are reviewed. Extrusion bioprinting allows for the deposition of multiple materials, or selected cell types and concentrations, into models based upon physiological features of the tumor. This affords the creation of complex samples with representative extracellular or stromal compositions that replicate the biology of patient tissue. Biomaterial engineering of printable materials that replicate specific features of the tumor microenvironment offer experimental reproducibility, throughput, and physiological relevance compared to animal models. In this review, we describe the potential of extrusion-based bioprinting to recreate the tumor microenvironment within in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Intelligent Machinery and Instrument, College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | | | - Yun Yang
- Department of Intelligent Machinery and Instrument, College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Omar Peza-Chavez
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Sanjima Pal
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 2M1, Canada
| | - Alisia Mainolfi
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Lucas Antonio Pardo
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Lorenzo Ferri
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 2M1, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 2M1, Canada
| | - Nicholas Bertos
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Veena Sangwan
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 2M1, Canada
| | - Joseph M Kinsella
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
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6
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Han SJ, Kwon S, Kim KS. Contribution of mechanical homeostasis to epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 45:1119-1136. [PMID: 36149601 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00720-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis refers to the spread of cancer cells from a primary tumor to other parts of the body via the lymphatic system and bloodstream. With tremendous effort over the past decades, remarkable progress has been made in understanding the molecular and cellular basis of metastatic processes. Metastasis occurs through five steps, including infiltration and migration, intravasation, survival, extravasation, and colonization. Various molecular and cellular factors involved in the metastatic process have been identified, such as epigenetic factors of the extracellular matrix (ECM), cell-cell interactions, soluble signaling, adhesion molecules, and mechanical stimuli. However, the underlying cause of cancer metastasis has not been elucidated. CONCLUSION In this review, we have focused on changes in the mechanical properties of cancer cells and their surrounding environment to understand the causes of cancer metastasis. Cancer cells have unique mechanical properties that distinguish them from healthy cells. ECM stiffness is involved in cancer cell growth, particularly in promoting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). During tumorigenesis, the mechanical properties of cancer cells change in the direction opposite to their environment, resulting in a mechanical stress imbalance between the intracellular and extracellular domains. Disruption of mechanical homeostasis may be one of the causes of EMT that triggers the metastasis of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Jik Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangwoo Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Sook Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
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7
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Lee C. Development of Injectable and Biodegradable Needle-Type Starch Implant for Effective Intratumoral Drug Delivery and Distribution. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:4307-4319. [PMID: 36147547 PMCID: PMC9488191 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s370194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Compared to intravenous administration, intratumoral drug administration enables the direct delivery of drugs to tumors and mitigates the systemic absorption of drugs and associated drug-induced side effects. However, intratumoral drug administration presents several challenges. The high interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) of the tumor prevents the retention of drugs within the tumor; thus, significant amounts of the drugs are absorbed systemically through the bloodstream or delivered to non-target sites. To solve this problem, in this study, a drug-enclosed needle-type starch implant was developed that can overcome IFP and remain in the tumor. Methods Injectable needle-type starch implants (NS implants) were prepared by starch gelatinization and drying. The structure, cytotoxicity, and anticancer effects of the NS implants were evaluated. Biodistribution of NS implants was evaluated in pork (in vitro), dissected liver (ex vivo), and 4T1 tumors in mice (in vivo) using a fluorescence imaging device. Results The prepared NS implants exhibited a hydrogel structure after water absorption. NS implants showed effective cytotoxicity and anticancer effects by photothermal therapy (PTT). The NS implant itself has sufficient strength and can be easily injected into a desired area. In vivo, the NS implant continuously delivered drugs to the tumor more effectively and uniformly than conventional hydrogels and solutions. Conclusion This study demonstrated the advantages of needle-type implants. An injectable NS implant can be a new formulation that can effectively deliver drugs and exhibit anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changkyu Lee
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Korea
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8
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Robin HP, Trudeau CN, Robbins AJ, Chung EJ, Rahman E, Strickland OLG, Jordan S, Licari FW, Winden DR, Reynolds PR, Arroyo JA. Inflammation and Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Exposed to Electronic Cigarette Vapor Extract. Front Oncol 2022; 12:917862. [PMID: 35936727 PMCID: PMC9354529 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.917862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (eCig) represent a new avenue of tobacco exposure that involves heating oil-based liquids and the delivery of aerosolized flavors with or without nicotine, yet little is known about their overall health impact. The oral cavity is an anatomic gateway for exposure that can be compromised by activating myriad of signaling networks. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSSC) is a common malignancy affecting 30,000 people in the United States each year. Our objective was to determine the impact of eCig and nicotine on gingival OSSC invasion and their secretion of pro-inflammatory molecules. Gingiva-derived Ca9-22 cells and tongue-derived Cal27 cells were exposed to eCig vapor extract (EVE) generated from Red Hot or Green Apple (Apple) flavored eCig solution +/- nicotine for 6 hours. Isolation of protein lysates and collection conditioned media was done after treatment. Real-time cellular invasion was assessed using a RTCA DP instrument. Protein expression was determined using western blot. Compared to controls, we observed: elevated NF-kB, TNF-α, ERK, JNK, MMP-13 and cell invasion by Ca9-22 treated with Apple EVE; increased TNF-α and JNK by Ca9-22 treated with Red Hot EVE; and increased TNF-α and JNK by Cal27 cells treated with both Apple and Red Hot EVE. We conclude that eCig flavoring and nicotine orchestrated differential cell invasion and inflammatory effects. This study provides an important initial step in dissecting mechanisms of cancerous invasion and molecular avenues employed by OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah P. Robin
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
| | - Courtney N. Trudeau
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
| | - Adam J. Robbins
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
| | - Emily J. Chung
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
| | - Erum Rahman
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
| | | | - Scott Jordan
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
| | - Frank W. Licari
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
| | - Duane R. Winden
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
| | - Paul R. Reynolds
- Lung and Placenta Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Juan A. Arroyo
- Lung and Placenta Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
- *Correspondence: Juan A. Arroyo,
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9
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Pressure increases PD-L1 expression in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells and causes resistance to anti-ROR1 CAR T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6919. [PMID: 35484298 PMCID: PMC9051206 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10905-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the abnormal vasculation and proliferation, the tumor microenvironment is hypoxic, lacking nutrients, and under high interstitial pressure. Compared to oxygen and nutrients, the effect of pressure on cancer biology remains poorly studied. Here we constructed αROR1-CAR T cells and co-cultured with A549 cells with and without elevated pressure. We then measured apoptosis and cell death by flow cytometry and luciferase activity. We also measured cytokine (IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) release by ELISA. The results show that pressure-preconditioned A549 cells are much resistant to αROR1-CAR T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Pressure preconditioning does not appear to affect the expression of αROR1-CAR or cytokine production. However, pressure preconditioning upregulates PD-L1 expression in A549 cells and decreases cytokine release from αROR1-CAR T cells. In addition, Pembrolizumab and Cemiplimab that block PD-1::PD-L1 interaction increase the cytokine production in αROR1-CAR T cells, increase the apoptotic cell death in A549 cells, and improve the αROR1-CAR T-mediated cytotoxicity. In xenograft mice, pressure preconditioning increases tumorigenesis of A549 cells, which can be blocked by a combined therapy using Pembrolizumab and αROR1-CAR T cells. Together, our studies suggest that elevated pressure in the tumor microenvironment could blunt the T cell therapy by upregulating PD-L1 expression, which could be overcome by combining CAR T therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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10
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Li Y, Chen Z, Gu L, Duan Z, Pan D, Xu Z, Gong Q, Li Y, Zhu H, Luo K. Anticancer nanomedicines harnessing tumor microenvironmental components. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:337-354. [PMID: 35244503 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2050211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Small-molecular drugs are extensively used in cancer therapy, while they have issues of nonspecific distribution and consequent side effects. Nanomedicines that incorporate chemotherapeutic drugs have been developed to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of these drugs and reduce their side effects. One of the promising strategies is to prepare nanomedicines by harnessing the unique tumor microenvironment (TME). AREAS COVERED The TME contains numerous cell types that specifically express specific antibodies on the surface including tumor vascular endothelial cells, tumor-associated adipocytes, tumor-associated fibroblasts, tumor-associated immune cells and cancer stem cells. The physicochemical environment is characterized with a low pH, hypoxia, and a high redox potential resulting from tumor-specific metabolism. The intelligent nanomedicines can be categorized into two groups: the first group which is rapidly responsive to extracellular chemical/biological factors in the TME and the second one which actively and/or specifically targets cellular components in the TME. EXPERT OPINION In this paper, we review recent progress of nanomedicines by harnessing the TME and illustrate the principles and advantages of different strategies for designing nanomedicines, which are of great significance for exploring novel nanomedicines or translating current nanomedicines into clinical practice. We will discuss the challenges and prospects of preparing nanomedicines to utilize or alter the TME for achieving effective, safe anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinggang Li
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhonglan Chen
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Centre, Cochrane China Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhengyu Duan
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dayi Pan
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhuping Xu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Youping Li
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Centre, Cochrane China Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kui Luo
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
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11
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Fang G, Lu H, Al-Nakashli R, Chapman R, Zhang Y, Ju LA, Lin G, Stenzel MH, Jin D. Enabling peristalsis of human colon tumor organoids on microfluidic chips. Biofabrication 2021; 14. [PMID: 34638112 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac2ef9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Peristalsis in the digestive tract is crucial to maintain physiological functions. It remains challenging to mimic the peristaltic microenvironment in gastrointestinal organoid culture. Here, we present a method to model the peristalsis for human colon tumor organoids on a microfluidic chip. The chip contains hundreds of lateral microwells and a surrounding pressure channel. Human colon tumor organoids growing in the microwell were cyclically contracted by pressure channel, mimicking thein vivomechano-stimulus by intestinal muscles. The chip allows the control of peristalsis amplitude and rhythm and the high throughput culture of organoids simultaneously. By applying 8% amplitude with 8 ∼ 10 times min-1, we observed the enhanced expression of Lgr5 and Ki67. Moreover, ellipticine-loaded polymeric micelles showed reduced uptake in the organoids under peristalsis and resulted in compromised anti-tumor efficacy. The results indicate the importance of mechanical stimuli mimicking the physiological environment when usingin vitromodels to evaluate nanoparticles. This work provides a method for attaining more reliable and representative organoids models in nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocheng Fang
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Hongxu Lu
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Russul Al-Nakashli
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Robert Chapman
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Yingqi Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia
| | - Gungun Lin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Martina H Stenzel
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.,UTS-SUSTech Joint Research Centre for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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12
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Purkayastha P, Jaiswal MK, Lele TP. Molecular cancer cell responses to solid compressive stress and interstitial fluid pressure. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2021; 78:312-322. [PMID: 34291887 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Alterations to the mechanical properties of the microenvironment are a hallmark of cancer. Elevated mechanical stresses exist in many solid tumors and elicit responses from cancer cells. Uncontrolled growth in confined environments gives rise to elevated solid compressive stress on cancer cells. Recruitment of leaky blood vessels and an absence of functioning lymphatic vessels causes a rise in the interstitial fluid pressure. Here we review the role of the cancer cell cytoskeleton and the nucleus in mediating both the initial and adaptive cancer cell response to these two types of mechanical stresses. We review how these mechanical stresses alter cancer cell functions such as proliferation, apoptosis, and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purboja Purkayastha
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Manish K Jaiswal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Tanmay P Lele
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas, USA
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13
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Balkrishnan R, Desai RP, Narayan A, Camacho FT, Flausino LE, Chammas R. Associations between initiating antihypertensive regimens on stage I-III colorectal cancer outcomes: A Medicare SEER cohort analysis. Cancer Med 2021; 10:5347-5357. [PMID: 34184420 PMCID: PMC8335848 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis is associated with high mortality in the United States and thus warrants the study of novel treatment approaches. Vascular changes are well observed in cancers and evidence indicates that antihypertensive (AH) medications may interfere with both tumor vasculature and in recruiting immune cells to the tumor microenvironment based on preclinical models. Extant literature also shows that AH medications are correlated with improved survival in some forms of cancer. Thus, this study sought to explore the impact of AH therapies on CRC outcomes. Patients and Methods This study was a non‐interventional, retrospective analysis of patients aged 65 years and older with CRC diagnosed from January 1, 2007 to December 31st, 2012 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End‐Results (SEER)‐Medicare database. The association between AH drug utilization on AJCC stage I–III CRC mortality rates in patients who underwent treatment for cancer was examined using Cox proportional hazards models. Results The study cohort consisted of 13,982 patients diagnosed with CRC. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression showed that among these patients, the use of AH drug was associated with decreased cancer‐specific mortality (HR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.75–0.83). Specifically, ACE inhibitors (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.80–0.87), beta‐blockers (HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.84–0.91), and thiazide diuretics (HR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.80–0.87) were found to be associated with decreased mortality. An association was also found between adherence to AH therapy and decreased cancer‐specific mortality (HR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90–0.98). Conclusion Further research needs to be performed, but AH medications may present a promising, low‐cost pathway to supporting CRC treatment for stage I–III cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Balkrishnan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Raj P Desai
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Aditya Narayan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Fabian T Camacho
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Lucas E Flausino
- Universidade de São Paulo Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roger Chammas
- Center for Translational Research in Onc, Universidade de Sao Paulo Faculdade de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Zakaria MA, Rajab NF, Chua EW, Selvarajah GT, Masre SF. The Roles of Tissue Rigidity and Its Underlying Mechanisms in Promoting Tumor Growth. Cancer Invest 2020; 38:445-462. [PMID: 32713210 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2020.1802474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tissues become more rigid during tumorigenesis and have been identified as a driving factor for tumor growth. Here, we highlight the concept of tissue rigidity, contributing factors that increase tissue rigidity, and mechanisms that promote tumor growth initiated by increased tissue rigidity. Various factors lead to increased tissue rigidity, promoting tumor growth by activating focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Rho-associated kinase (ROCK). Consequently, result in recruitment of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor protection from immunosurveillance. We also discussed the rationale for targeting tumor tissue rigidity and its potential for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asyaari Zakaria
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Biomedical Science Programme, Centre for Toxicology & Health Risk Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Fadilah Rajab
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Eng Wee Chua
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gayathri Thevi Selvarajah
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Siti Fathiah Masre
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Biomedical Science Programme, Centre for Toxicology & Health Risk Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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15
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Azimi T, Loizidou M, Dwek MV. Cancer cells grown in 3D under fluid flow exhibit an aggressive phenotype and reduced responsiveness to the anti-cancer treatment doxorubicin. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12020. [PMID: 32694700 PMCID: PMC7374750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68999-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
3D laboratory models of cancer are designed to recapitulate the biochemical and biophysical characteristics of the tumour microenvironment and aim to enable studies of cancer, and new therapeutic modalities, in a physiologically-relevant manner. We have developed an in vitro 3D model comprising a central high-density mass of breast cancer cells surrounded by collagen type-1 and we incorporated fluid flow and pressure. We noted significant changes in cancer cell behaviour using this system. MDA-MB231 and SKBR3 breast cancer cells grown in 3D downregulated the proliferative marker Ki67 (P < 0.05) and exhibited decreased response to the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DOX) (P < 0.01). Mesenchymal markers snail and MMP14 were upregulated in cancer cells maintained in 3D (P < 0.001), cadherin-11 was downregulated (P < 0.001) and HER2 increased (P < 0.05). Cells maintained in 3D under fluid flow exhibited a further reduction in response to DOX (P < 0.05); HER2 and Ki67 levels were also attenuated. Fluid flow and pressure was associated with reduced cell viability and decreased expression levels of vimentin. In summary, aggressive cancer cell behaviour and reduced drug responsiveness was observed when breast cancer cells were maintained in 3D under fluid flow and pressure. These observations are relevant for future developments of 3D in vitro cancer models and organ-on-a-chip initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayebeh Azimi
- School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish St, London, W1W 6UW, UK
| | - Marilena Loizidou
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Department of Surgical Biotechnology, UCL Medical School Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Miriam V Dwek
- School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish St, London, W1W 6UW, UK.
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16
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Asrorov AM, Gu Z, Min KA, Shin MC, Huang Y. Advances on Tumor-Targeting Delivery of Cytotoxic Proteins. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2019; 3:107-118. [PMID: 32259092 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.9b00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Great attention has been paid to cytotoxic proteins (e.g., ribosome-inactivating proteins, RIPs) possessing high anticancer activities; unlike small drugs, cytotoxic proteins can effectively retain inside the cells and avoid drug efflux mediated by multidrug resistance transporters due to the large-size effect. However, the clinical translation of these proteins is severely limited because of various biobarriers that hamper their effective delivery to tumor cells. Hence, in order to overcome these barriers, many smart drug delivery systems (DDS) have been developed. In this review, we will introduce two representative type I RIPs, trichosanthin (TCS) and gelonin (Gel), and overview the major biobarriers for protein-based cancer therapy. Finally, we outline advances on the development of smart DDS for effective delivery of these cytotoxic proteins for various applications in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akmal M Asrorov
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, 83, M. Ulughbek Street, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan
| | - Zeyun Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kyoung Ah Min
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 50834, Korea
| | - Meong Cheol Shin
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju Daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Korea
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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17
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Wu MS, Chien CC, Jargalsaikhan G, Ilsan NA, Chen YC. Activation of PERK Contributes to Apoptosis and G 2/M Arrest by Microtubule Disruptors in Human Colorectal Carcinoma Cells ‡. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 12:cancers12010097. [PMID: 31906029 PMCID: PMC7017320 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) are widely used in cancer chemotherapy, but the therapeutic responses significantly vary among different tumor types. Protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticular (ER) kinase (PERK) is an ER stress kinase, and the role of PERK in the anticancer effects of MTAs is still undefined. In the present study, taxol (TAX) and nocodazole (NOC) significantly induced apoptosis with increased expression of phosphorylated PERK (pPERK; Tyr980) in four human colon cancer cell lines, including HCT-15, COLO205, HT-20, and LOVO cells. Induction of G2/M arrest by TAX and NOC with increases in phosphorylated Cdc25C and cyclin B1 protein were observed in human colon cancer cells. Application of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors SP600125 (SP) and JNK inhibitor V (JNKI) significantly reduced TAX- and NOC-induced apoptosis and G2/M arrest of human colon cancer cells. Interestingly, TAX- and NOC-induced pPERK (Tyr980) protein expression was inhibited by adding the JNK inhibitors, SP and JNKI, and application of the PERK inhibitor GSK2606414 (GSK) significantly reduced apoptosis and G2/M arrest by TAX and NOC, with decreased pPERK (Tyr980) and pJNK, phosphorylated Cdc25C, and Cyc B1 protein expressions in human colon cancer cells. Decreased viability by TAX and NOC was inhibited by knockdown of PERK using PERK siRNA in COLO205 and HCT-15 cells. Disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential and an increase in B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein phosphorylation (pBcl-2; Ser70) by TAX and NOC were prevented by adding the PERK inhibitor GSK and JNK inhibitor SP and JNKI. A cross-activation of JNK and PERK by TAX and NOC leading to anti-CRC actions including apoptosis and G2/M arrest was first demonstrated herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shun Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Integrative Therapy Center for Gastroenterologic Cancers, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chiang Chien
- Department of Nephrology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan City 710, Taiwan;
- Department of Food Nutrition, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 71703, Taiwan
| | - Ganbolor Jargalsaikhan
- International MS/PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (G.J.); (N.A.I.)
- Liver Center, Ulaanbaatar 14230, Mongolia
| | - Noor Andryan Ilsan
- International MS/PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (G.J.); (N.A.I.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, STIKes Mitra Keluarga, Bekasi 17113, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Yen-Chou Chen
- International MS/PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (G.J.); (N.A.I.)
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center and Orthopedics Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3421); Fax: +886-2-2377-8620
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18
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Liang Y, Yang R, Guo Y, Jiang C, Liu L, Wan Y, Shao Y. Spatiotemporal dynamics of different growth-diffusion systems on a percolation lattice. Phys Rev E 2019; 99:042401. [PMID: 31108584 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.99.042401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the proliferation and invasion of a tumor within an inhomogeneous matrix, we studied the spatiotemporal dynamics of two types of growth-diffusion systems (GDSs) with logistic or Allee growth occurring on a two-dimensional square site percolation lattice via numerical computation and finite-size scaling approaches. A critical percolation threshold exists in the two systems, but becomes obscure with an increasing Allee effect in Allee growth. The two systems evidently differ in their short-time spatiotemporal patterns: The tumor number density in the logistic model grows and spreads continuously and subdiffusively or weakly superdiffusively while that in the Allee model does so discretely and strongly superdiffusively. This difference is attributed to a lack of cooperation between sites for growth and diffusion in the logistic model as compared to its Allee counterpart. The Allee growth pattern is characterized by a rougher border and more inhomogeneous interior than its logistic counterpart. Judging from their growth-diffusion feature in combination with a clinical image analysis, we conclude that Allee growth is more suitable for modeling the proliferation and invasion of an early-stage malignant tumor than is logistic growth. A phase diagram that correlates a tumor's growth and diffusion on a percolation lattice with a site occupation fraction and Allee effect was established to reveal the sensitivity on proliferation and spreading of a tumor towards the above parameters. The Allee effect was also found to induce diverse dynamic features on its short-time growth and diffusion in the GDS, which brings in an opposite trend toward a tumor's growth and diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqin Liang
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Renlong Yang
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yifan Guo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Chongming Jiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Lizhi Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yanzi Wan
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yuanzhi Shao
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Smeland HYH, Lu N, Karlsen TV, Salvesen G, Reed RK, Stuhr L. Stromal integrin α11-deficiency reduces interstitial fluid pressure and perturbs collagen structure in triple-negative breast xenograft tumors. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:234. [PMID: 30876468 PMCID: PMC6419843 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5449-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer progression is influenced by a pro-tumorigenic microenvironment. The aberrant tumor stroma with increased collagen deposition, contractile fibroblasts and dysfunctional vessels has a major impact on the interstitial fluid pressure (PIF) in most solid tumors. An increased tumor PIF is a barrier to the transport of interstitial fluid into and within the tumor. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that regulate pressure homeostasis can lead to new insight into breast tumor progression, invasion and response to therapy. The collagen binding integrin α11β1 is upregulated during myofibroblast differentiation and expressed on fibroblasts in the tumor stroma. As a collagen organizer and a probable link between contractile fibroblasts and the complex collagen network in tumors, integrin α11β1 could be a potential regulator of tumor PIF. Methods We investigated the effect of stromal integrin α11-deficiency on pressure homeostasis, collagen organization and tumor growth using orthotopic and ectopic triple-negative breast cancer xenografts (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) in wild type and integrin α11-deficient mice. PIF was measured by the wick-in-needle technique, collagen by Picrosirius Red staining and electron microscopy, and uptake of radioactively labeled 5FU by microdialysis. Further, PIF in heterospheroids composed of MDA-MB-231 cells and wild type or integrin α11-deficient fibroblasts was measured by micropuncture. Results Stromal integrin α11-deficiency decreased PIF in both the orthotopic breast cancer models. A concomitant perturbed collagen structure was seen, with fewer aligned and thinner fibrils. Integrin α11-deficiency also impeded MDA-MB-231 breast tumor growth, but no effect was observed on drug uptake. No effects were seen in the ectopic model. By investigating the isolated effect of integrin α11-positive fibroblasts on MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro, we provide evidence that PIF regulation was mediated by integrin α11-positive fibroblasts. Conclusion We hereby show the importance of integrin α11β1 in pressure homeostasis in triple-negative breast tumors, indicating a new role for integrin α11β1 in the tumor microenvironment. Our data suggest that integrin α11β1 has a pro-tumorigenic effect on triple-negative breast cancer growth in vivo. The significance of the local microenvironment is shown by the different effects of integrin α11β1 in the orthotopic and ectopic models, underlining the importance of choosing an appropriate preclinical model. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5449-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde Ytre-Hauge Smeland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7804, 5020, Bergen, Norway. .,Centre of Cancer Biomarkers, Norwegian Centre of Excellence, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7804, 5020, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ning Lu
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7804, 5020, Bergen, Norway.,Centre of Cancer Biomarkers, Norwegian Centre of Excellence, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7804, 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tine V Karlsen
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7804, 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gerd Salvesen
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7804, 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rolf K Reed
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7804, 5020, Bergen, Norway.,Centre of Cancer Biomarkers, Norwegian Centre of Excellence, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7804, 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Linda Stuhr
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7804, 5020, Bergen, Norway.,Centre of Cancer Biomarkers, Norwegian Centre of Excellence, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7804, 5020, Bergen, Norway
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20
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Fernandes C, Suares D, Yergeri MC. Tumor Microenvironment Targeted Nanotherapy. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1230. [PMID: 30429787 PMCID: PMC6220447 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in nanotechnology have brought new approaches to cancer diagnosis and therapy. While enhanced permeability and retention effect promotes nano-chemotherapeutics extravasation, the abnormal tumor vasculature, high interstitial pressure and dense stroma structure limit homogeneous intratumoral distribution of nano-chemotherapeutics and compromise their imaging and therapeutic effect. Moreover, heterogeneous distribution of nano-chemotherapeutics in non-tumor-stroma cells damages the non-tumor cells, and interferes with tumor-stroma crosstalk. This can lead not only to inhibition of tumor progression, but can also paradoxically induce acquired resistance and facilitate tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. Overall, the tumor microenvironment plays a vital role in regulating nano-chemotherapeutics distribution and their biological effects. In this review, the barriers in tumor microenvironment, its consequential effects on nano-chemotherapeutics, considerations to improve nano-chemotherapeutics delivery and combinatory strategies to overcome acquired resistance induced by tumor microenvironment have been summarized. The various strategies viz., nanotechnology based approach as well as ligand-mediated, redox-responsive, and enzyme-mediated based combinatorial nanoapproaches have been discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mayur C Yergeri
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies - NMIMS, Mumbai, India
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21
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Yang Z, Li K, Liang Q, Zheng G, Zhang S, Lao X, Liang Y, Liao G. Elevated hydrostatic pressure promotes ameloblastoma cell invasion through upregulation of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 expression via Wnt/β‐catenin signalling. J Oral Pathol Med 2018; 47:836-846. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zinan Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Guanghua School of Stomatology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Kan Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Guanghua School of Stomatology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Qian Liang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Guangsen Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Guanghua School of Stomatology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Sien Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Guanghua School of Stomatology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Xiaomei Lao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Guanghua School of Stomatology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yujie Liang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Guanghua School of Stomatology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Guiqing Liao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Guanghua School of Stomatology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China
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22
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Hansen AE, Fliedner FP, Henriksen JR, Jørgensen JT, Clemmensen AE, Børresen B, Elema DR, Kjær A, Andresen TL. Liposome accumulation in irradiated tumors display important tumor and dose dependent differences. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:27-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Tracking the tumor invasion front using long-term fluidic tumoroid culture. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10784. [PMID: 28883652 PMCID: PMC5589910 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10874-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The analysis of invading leader cells at the tumor invasion front is of significant interest as these cells may possess a coordinated functional and molecular phenotype which can be targeted for therapy. However, such analyses are currently limited by available technologies. Here, we report a fluidic device for long-term three-dimensional tumoroid culture which recapitulated the tumor invasion front, allowing for both quantification of invasive potential and molecular characterization of invasive leader cells. Preliminary analysis of the invasion front indicated an association with cell proliferation and higher expression of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15). This device makes real-time tracking of invading leader cell phenotypes possible and has potential for use with patient material for clinical risk stratification and personalized medicine.
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24
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Samatov TR, Galatenko VV, Block A, Shkurnikov MY, Tonevitsky AG, Schumacher U. Novel biomarkers in cancer: The whole is greater than the sum of its parts. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 45:50-57. [PMID: 27639751 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The major issues hampering progress in the treatment of cancer patients are distant metastases and drug resistance to chemotherapy. Metastasis formation is a very complex process, and looking at gene signatures alone is not enough to get deep insight into it. This paper reviews traditional and novel approaches to identify gene signature biomarkers and intratumoural fluid pressure both as a novel way of creating predictive markers and as an obstacle to cancer therapy. Finally recently developed in vitro systems to predict the response of individual patient derived cancer explants to chemotherapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur R Samatov
- SRC Bioclinicum, Ugreshskaya str 2/85, 115088, Moscow, Russia; Moscow State University of Mechanical Engineering, Bolshaya Semenovskaya str 38, 107023, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Galatenko
- SRC Bioclinicum, Ugreshskaya str 2/85, 115088, Moscow, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991, Moscow, Russia; National Research University Higher School of Economics, Kochnovsky Pass 3, 125319 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andreas Block
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maxim Yu Shkurnikov
- P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute, National Center of Medical Radiological Research, 3 Second Botkinsky Lane, Moscow, 125284, Russia
| | - Alexander G Tonevitsky
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991, Moscow, Russia; P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute, National Center of Medical Radiological Research, 3 Second Botkinsky Lane, Moscow, 125284, Russia
| | - Udo Schumacher
- Department of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany, Germany.
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The mechanical microenvironment in cancer: How physics affects tumours. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35:62-70. [PMID: 26343578 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The tumour microenvironment contributes greatly to the response of tumour cells. It consists of chemical gradients, for example of oxygen and nutrients. However, a physical environment is also present. Apart from chemical input, cells also receive physical signals. Tumours display unique mechanical properties: they are a lot stiffer than normal tissue. This may be either a cause or a consequence of cancer, but literature suggests it has a major impact on tumour cells as will be described in this review. The mechanical microenvironment may cause malignant transformation, possibly through activation of oncogenic pathways and inhibition of tumour suppressor genes. In addition, the mechanical microenvironment may promote tumour progression by influencing processes such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, enhancing cell survival through autophagy, but also affects sensitivity of tumour cells to therapeutics. Furthermore, multiple intracellular signalling pathways prove sensitive to the mechanical properties of the microenvironment. It appears the increased stiffness is unlikely to be caused by increased stiffness of the tumour cells themselves. However, there are indications that tumours display a higher cell density, making them more rigid. In addition, increased matrix deposition in the tumour, as well as increased interstitial fluid pressure may account for the increased stiffness of tumours. Overall, tumour mechanics are significantly different from normal tissue. Therefore, this feature should be further explored for use in cancer prevention, detection and treatment.
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26
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Wang Z, Dabrosin C, Yin X, Fuster MM, Arreola A, Rathmell WK, Generali D, Nagaraju GP, El-Rayes B, Ribatti D, Chen YC, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Nowsheen S, Amedei A, Niccolai E, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Helferich B, Yang X, Guha G, Bhakta D, Ciriolo MR, Aquilano K, Chen S, Halicka D, Mohammed SI, Azmi AS, Bilsland A, Keith WN, Jensen LD. Broad targeting of angiogenesis for cancer prevention and therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S224-S243. [PMID: 25600295 PMCID: PMC4737670 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of angiogenesis – the growth of new blood vessels from an existing vasculature – is a main driving force in many severe human diseases including cancer. As such, tumor angiogenesis is important for delivering oxygen and nutrients to growing tumors, and therefore considered an essential pathologic feature of cancer, while also playing a key role in enabling other aspects of tumor pathology such as metabolic deregulation and tumor dissemination/metastasis. Recently, inhibition of tumor angiogenesis has become a clinical anti-cancer strategy in line with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery, which underscore the critical importance of the angiogenic switch during early tumor development. Unfortunately the clinically approved anti-angiogenic drugs in use today are only effective in a subset of the patients, and many who initially respond develop resistance over time. Also, some of the anti-angiogenic drugs are toxic and it would be of great importance to identify alternative compounds, which could overcome these drawbacks and limitations of the currently available therapy. Finding “the most important target” may, however, prove a very challenging approach as the tumor environment is highly diverse, consisting of many different cell types, all of which may contribute to tumor angiogenesis. Furthermore, the tumor cells themselves are genetically unstable, leading to a progressive increase in the number of different angiogenic factors produced as the cancer progresses to advanced stages. As an alternative approach to targeted therapy, options to broadly interfere with angiogenic signals by a mixture of non-toxic natural compound with pleiotropic actions were viewed by this team as an opportunity to develop a complementary anti-angiogenesis treatment option. As a part of the “Halifax Project” within the “Getting to know cancer” framework, we have here, based on a thorough review of the literature, identified 10 important aspects of tumor angiogenesis and the pathological tumor vasculature which would be well suited as targets for anti-angiogenic therapy: (1) endothelial cell migration/tip cell formation, (2) structural abnormalities of tumor vessels, (3) hypoxia, (4) lymphangiogenesis, (5) elevated interstitial fluid pressure, (6) poor perfusion, (7) disrupted circadian rhythms, (8) tumor promoting inflammation, (9) tumor promoting fibroblasts and (10) tumor cell metabolism/acidosis. Following this analysis, we scrutinized the available literature on broadly acting anti-angiogenic natural products, with a focus on finding qualitative information on phytochemicals which could inhibit these targets and came up with 10 prototypical phytochemical compounds: (1) oleanolic acid, (2) tripterine, (3) silibinin, (4) curcumin, (5) epigallocatechin-gallate, (6) kaempferol, (7) melatonin, (8) enterolactone, (9) withaferin A and (10) resveratrol. We suggest that these plant-derived compounds could be combined to constitute a broader acting and more effective inhibitory cocktail at doses that would not be likely to cause excessive toxicity. All the targets and phytochemical approaches were further cross-validated against their effects on other essential tumorigenic pathways (based on the “hallmarks” of cancer) in order to discover possible synergies or potentially harmful interactions, and were found to generally also have positive involvement in/effects on these other aspects of tumor biology. The aim is that this discussion could lead to the selection of combinations of such anti-angiogenic compounds which could be used in potent anti-tumor cocktails, for enhanced therapeutic efficacy, reduced toxicity and circumvention of single-agent anti-angiogenic resistance, as well as for possible use in primary or secondary cancer prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongwei Wang
- Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Charlotta Dabrosin
- Department of Oncology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Xin Yin
- Medicine and Research Services, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System & University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mark M Fuster
- Medicine and Research Services, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System & University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra Arreola
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - W Kimryn Rathmell
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Daniele Generali
- Molecular Therapy and Pharmacogenomics Unit, AO Isituti Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Ganji P Nagaraju
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bassel El-Rayes
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy; National Cancer Institute Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Yi Charlie Chen
- Department of Biology, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV, USA
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Arthroplasty and Regenerative Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Arthroplasty and Regenerative Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematics and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirate University, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirate University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bill Helferich
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Xujuan Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | | | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Sophie Chen
- Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guilford, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Lasse D Jensen
- Department of Medical, and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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27
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Bartlett R, Everett W, Lim S, G N, Loizidou M, Jell G, Tan A, Seifalian AM. Personalized in vitro cancer modeling - fantasy or reality? Transl Oncol 2014; 7:657-64. [PMID: 25500073 PMCID: PMC4311045 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With greater technological advancements and understanding of pathophysiology, “personalized medicine” has become a more realistic goal. In the field of cancer, personalized medicine is the ultimate objective, as each cancer is unique and each tumor is heterogeneous. For many decades, researchers have relied upon studying the histopathology of tumors in the hope that it would provide clues to understanding the pathophysiology of cancer. Current preclinical research relies heavily upon two-dimensional culture models. However, these models have had limited success in recreating the complex interactions between cancer cells and the stroma environment in vivo. Thus, there is increasing impetus to shift to three-dimensional models, which more accurately reflect this phenomenon. With a more accurate in vitro tumor model, drug sensitivity can be tested to determine the best treatment option based on the tumor characteristics. Many methods have been developed to create tumor models or “tumoroids,” each with its advantages and limitations. One significant problem faced is the replication of angiogenesis that is characteristic of tumors in vivo. Nonetheless, if three-dimensional models could be standardized and implemented as a preclinical research tool for therapeutic testing, we would be taking a step towards making personalized cancer medicine a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Bartlett
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, Research Department of Nanotechnology, UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), London, UK; UCL Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - William Everett
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, Research Department of Nanotechnology, UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), London, UK; UCL Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Santi Lim
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, Research Department of Nanotechnology, UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), London, UK; UCL Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Natasha G
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, Research Department of Nanotechnology, UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), London, UK; UCL Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Marilena Loizidou
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, Research Department of Nanotechnology, UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Gavin Jell
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, Research Department of Nanotechnology, UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Aaron Tan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, Research Department of Nanotechnology, UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), London, UK; UCL Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, UK; Biomaterials & Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory (BioADD), Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alexander M Seifalian
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, Research Department of Nanotechnology, UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), London, UK; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London, UK.
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