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Sarkar H, Tracey-White D, Hagag AM, Burgoyne T, Nair N, Jensen LD, Edwards MM, Moosajee M. Loss of REP1 impacts choroidal melanogenesis and vasculogenesis in choroideremia. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166963. [PMID: 37989423 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Choroideremia (CHM) is a rare X-linked chorioretinal dystrophy affecting the photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroid, however, the involvement of the choroid in disease progression is not fully understood. CHM is caused by mutations in the CHM gene, encoding the ubiquitously expressed Rab escort protein 1 (REP1). REP1 plays an important role in intracellular trafficking of vesicles, including melanosomes. In this study, we examined the ultrastructure of the choroid in chmru848 fish and Chmnull/WT mouse models using transmission electron and confocal microscopy. Significant pigmentary disruptions were observed, with lack of melanosomes in the choroid of chmru848 fish from 4 days post fertilisation (4dpf), and a reduction in choroidal blood vessel diameter and interstitial pillars suggesting a defect in vasculogenesis. Total melanin and expression of melanogenesis genes tyr, tryp1a, mitf, dct and pmel were also reduced from 4dpf. In Chmnull/WT mice, choroidal melanosomes were significantly smaller at 1 month, with reduced eumelanin at 1 year. The choroid in CHM patients were also examined using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and OCT-angiography (OCT-A) and the area of preserved choriocapillaris (CC) was found to be smaller than that of overlying photoreceptors, suggesting that the choroid is degenerating at a faster rate. Histopathology of an enucleated eye from a 74-year-old CHM male patient revealed isolated areas of RPE but no associated underlying CC. Pigmentary disruptions in CHM animal models reveal an important role for REP1 in melanogenesis, and drugs that improve melanin production represent a potential novel therapeutic avenue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajrah Sarkar
- Development, Ageing and Disease, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK; The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Dhani Tracey-White
- Development, Ageing and Disease, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Ahmed M Hagag
- Development, Ageing and Disease, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK; Department of Genetics, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Boehringer Ingelheim Limited, Bracknell, UK
| | - Thomas Burgoyne
- Development, Ageing and Disease, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Neelima Nair
- Development, Ageing and Disease, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK; The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Lasse D Jensen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Malia M Edwards
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mariya Moosajee
- Development, Ageing and Disease, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK; Department of Genetics, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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Sundaramurthi H, Tonelotto V, Wynne K, O'Connell F, O’Reilly E, Costa-Garcia M, Kovácsházi C, Kittel A, Marcone S, Blanco A, Pallinger E, Hambalkó S, Piulats Rodriguez JM, Ferdinandy P, O'Sullivan J, Matallanas D, Jensen LD, Giricz Z, Kennedy BN. Ergolide mediates anti-cancer effects on metastatic uveal melanoma cells and modulates their cellular and extracellular vesicle proteomes. Open Res Eur 2023; 3:88. [PMID: 37981907 PMCID: PMC10654492 DOI: 10.12688/openreseurope.15973.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Uveal melanoma is a poor prognosis cancer. Ergolide, a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Inula Brittanica, exerts anti-cancer properties. The objective of this study was to 1) evaluate whether ergolide reduced metastatic uveal melanoma (MUM) cell survival/viability in vitro and in vivo; and 2) to understand the molecular mechanism of ergolide action. Methods Ergolide bioactivity was screened via long-term proliferation assay in UM/MUM cells and in zebrafish MUM xenograft models. Mass spectrometry profiled proteins modulated by ergolide within whole cell or extracellular vesicle (EVs) lysates of the OMM2.5 MUM cell line. Protein expression was analyzed by immunoblots and correlation analyses to UM patient survival used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. Results Ergolide treatment resulted in significant, dose-dependent reductions (48.5 to 99.9%; p<0.0001) in OMM2.5 cell survival in vitro and of normalized primary zebrafish xenograft fluorescence (56%; p<0.0001) in vivo, compared to vehicle controls. Proteome-profiling of ergolide-treated OMM2.5 cells, identified 5023 proteins, with 52 and 55 proteins significantly altered at 4 and 24 hours, respectively ( p<0.05; fold-change >1.2). Immunoblotting of heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) and growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) corroborated the proteomic data. Additional proteomics of EVs isolated from OMM2.5 cells treated with ergolide, detected 2931 proteins. There was a large overlap with EV proteins annotated within the Vesiclepedia compendium. Within the differentially expressed proteins, the proteasomal pathway was primarily altered. Interestingly, BRCA2 and CDKN1A Interacting Protein (BCCIP) and Chitinase Domain Containing 1 (CHID1), were the only proteins significantly differentially expressed by ergolide in both the OMM2.5 cellular and EV isolates and they displayed inverse differential expression in the cells versus the EVs. Conclusions Ergolide is a novel, promising anti-proliferative agent for UM/MUM. Proteomic profiling of OMM2.5 cellular/EV lysates identified candidate pathways elucidating the action of ergolide and putative biomarkers of UM, that require further examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husvinee Sundaramurthi
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - Valentina Tonelotto
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
- Xenopat S.L., Business Bioincubator, Bellvitge Health Science Campus, Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Kieran Wynne
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - Fiona O'Connell
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eve O’Reilly
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - Marcel Costa-Garcia
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Cancer (ICO), IDIBELL-OncoBell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Csenger Kovácsházi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Agnes Kittel
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Simone Marcone
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alfonso Blanco
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - Eva Pallinger
- Department of Genetics and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Jacintha O'Sullivan
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Matallanas
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | | | - Zoltán Giricz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Breandán N. Kennedy
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
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3
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Yang Y, Zhong J, Cui D, Jensen LD. Up-to-date molecular medicine strategies for management of ocular surface neovascularization. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 201:115084. [PMID: 37689278 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Ocular surface neovascularization and its resulting pathological changes significantly alter corneal refraction and obstruct the light path to the retina, and hence is a major cause of vision loss. Various factors such as infection, irritation, trauma, dry eye, and ocular surface surgery trigger neovascularization via angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis dependent on VEGF-related and alternative mechanisms. Recent advances in antiangiogenic drugs, nanotechnology, gene therapy, surgical equipment and techniques, animal models, and drug delivery strategies have provided a range of novel therapeutic options for the treatment of ocular surface neovascularization. In this review article, we comprehensively discuss the etiology and mechanisms of corneal neovascularization and other types of ocular surface neovascularization, as well as emerging animal models and drug delivery strategies that facilitate its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Yang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Junmu Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan 364000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen 518040, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lasse D Jensen
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Diagnostics and Specialist Medicine, Unit of Cardiovascular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
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4
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Lee C, Chen R, Sun G, Liu X, Lin X, He C, Xing L, Liu L, Jensen LD, Kumar A, Langer HF, Ren X, Zhang J, Huang L, Yin X, Kim J, Zhu J, Huang G, Li J, Lu W, Chen W, Liu J, Hu J, Sun Q, Lu W, Fang L, Wang S, Kuang H, Zhang Y, Tian G, Mi J, Kang BA, Narazaki M, Prodeus A, Schoonjans L, Ornitz DM, Gariepy J, Eelen G, Dewerchin M, Yang Y, Ou JS, Mora A, Yao J, Zhao C, Liu Y, Carmeliet P, Cao Y, Li X. VEGF-B prevents excessive angiogenesis by inhibiting FGF2/FGFR1 pathway. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:305. [PMID: 37591843 PMCID: PMC10435562 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01539-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Although VEGF-B was discovered as a VEGF-A homolog a long time ago, the angiogenic effect of VEGF-B remains poorly understood with limited and diverse findings from different groups. Notwithstanding, drugs that inhibit VEGF-B together with other VEGF family members are being used to treat patients with various neovascular diseases. It is therefore critical to have a better understanding of the angiogenic effect of VEGF-B and the underlying mechanisms. Using comprehensive in vitro and in vivo methods and models, we reveal here for the first time an unexpected and surprising function of VEGF-B as an endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis by inhibiting the FGF2/FGFR1 pathway when the latter is abundantly expressed. Mechanistically, we unveil that VEGF-B binds to FGFR1, induces FGFR1/VEGFR1 complex formation, and suppresses FGF2-induced Erk activation, and inhibits FGF2-driven angiogenesis and tumor growth. Our work uncovers a previously unrecognized novel function of VEGF-B in tethering the FGF2/FGFR1 pathway. Given the anti-angiogenic nature of VEGF-B under conditions of high FGF2/FGFR1 levels, caution is warranted when modulating VEGF-B activity to treat neovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsik Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Rongyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Guangli Sun
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Xialin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Xianchai Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Chang He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Liying Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases,Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lasse D Jensen
- Department of Health, Medical and Caring Sciences, Division of Diagnostics and Specialist Medicine, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anil Kumar
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Harald F Langer
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Mannheim/ Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Xiangrong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Jianing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Xiangke Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - JongKyong Kim
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Juanhua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Guanqun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Jiani Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Juanxi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Qihang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Weisi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Lekun Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Haiqing Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yihan Zhang
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry (Fudan University) and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Geng Tian
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, P. R. China
| | - Jia Mi
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, P. R. China
| | - Bi-Ang Kang
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Masashi Narazaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Aaron Prodeus
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Luc Schoonjans
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - David M Ornitz
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jean Gariepy
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Guy Eelen
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Mieke Dewerchin
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Yunlong Yang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Song Ou
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Antonio Mora
- Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University and Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Xinzao, Panyu district, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin Yao
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry (Fudan University) and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, 200031, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Heterogeneity, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yihai Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Xuri Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China.
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5
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Wu J, Jing X, Du Q, Sun X, Holgersson K, Gao J, He X, Hosaka K, Zhao C, Tao W, FitzGerald GA, Yang Y, Jensen LD, Cao Y. Disruption of the Clock Component Bmal1 in Mice Promotes Cancer Metastasis through the PAI-1-TGF-β-myoCAF-Dependent Mechanism. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2301505. [PMID: 37330661 PMCID: PMC10460897 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock in animals and humans plays crucial roles in multiple physiological processes. Disruption of circadian homeostasis causes detrimental effects. Here, it is demonstrated that the disruption of the circadian rhythm by genetic deletion of mouse brain and muscle ARNT-like 1 (Bmal1) gene, coding for the key clock transcription factor, augments an exacerbated fibrotic phenotype in various tumors. Accretion of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), especially the alpha smooth muscle actin positive myoCAFs, accelerates tumor growth rates and metastatic potentials. Mechanistically, deletion of Bmal1 abrogates expression of its transcriptionally targeted plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). Consequently, decreased levels of PAI-1 in the tumor microenvironment instigate plasmin activation through upregulation of tissue plasminogen activator and urokinase plasminogen activator. The activated plasmin converts latent TGF-β into its activated form, which potently induces tumor fibrosis and the transition of CAFs into myoCAFs, the latter promoting cancer metastasis. Pharmacological inhibition of the TGF-β signaling largely ablates the metastatic potentials of colorectal cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Together, these data provide novel mechanistic insights into disruption of the circadian clock in tumor growth and metastasis. It is reasonably speculated that normalization of the circadian rhythm in patients provides a novel paradigm for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Wu
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell BiologyKarolinska InstituteStockholm171 65Sweden
| | - Xu Jing
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell BiologyKarolinska InstituteStockholm171 65Sweden
| | - Qiqiao Du
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell BiologyKarolinska InstituteStockholm171 65Sweden
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityZhongshan Second Road 58Guangzhou510080P. R. China
| | - Xiaoting Sun
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vison and Brain Health)School of Pharmaceutical ScienceWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325035P. R. China
| | | | - Juan Gao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell BiologyKarolinska InstituteStockholm171 65Sweden
- Department of Infectious DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510000P. R. China
| | - Xingkang He
- Department of GastroenterologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University Medical SchoolHangzhou310016P. R. China
| | - Kayoko Hosaka
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell BiologyKarolinska InstituteStockholm171 65Sweden
| | - Chen Zhao
- Eye InstituteEye and ENT HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Wei Tao
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of AnesthesiologyBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Garret A. FitzGerald
- Institute for Translational Medicine and TherapeuticsUniversity of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA19104‐5158USA
| | - Yunlong Yang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic MedicineSchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Lasse D. Jensen
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Medical and Health SciencesLinkoping UniversityLinkoping581 83Sweden
| | - Yihai Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell BiologyKarolinska InstituteStockholm171 65Sweden
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6
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Xie X, Fan C, Luo B, Zhang J, Jensen LD, Burman J, Jonsson C, Ljusberg A, Larsson P, Zhao Z, Sun XF. APR-246 enhances colorectal cancer sensitivity to radiotherapy. Mol Cancer Ther 2023:726691. [PMID: 37216282 PMCID: PMC10390889 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-22-0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
p53 mutation is common and highly related to radiotherapy resistance in rectal cancer. APR-246, as a small molecule, can restore the tumor-suppressor function to mutant p53. There is no study on combining APR-246 with radiation in rectal cancer; therefore, we examined whether APR-246 sensitized colorectal cancer cells with different p53 status to radiation. The combination treatment had synergistic effects on HCT116p53-R248W/-(p53Mut) cells, followed by HCT116p53+/+(p53WT) cells, and exhibited an additive effect on HCT116p53-/-(p53Null) cells through inhibiting proliferation, enhancing reactive oxygen species, and apoptosis. The results were confirmed in zebrafish xenografts. Mechanistically, p53Mut and p53WT cells shared more activated pathways and differentially expressed genes following the combination treatment, compared to p53Null cells, although the combination treatment regulated individual pathways in the different cell lines. APR-246 mediated radio-sensitization effects through p53-dependent and -independent ways. The results may provide evidence for a clinical trial of the combination in rectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqin Xie
- Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Bin Luo
- Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zengren Zhao
- The First hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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7
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Xie S, Jiang C, Wu M, Ye Y, Wu B, Sun X, Lv X, Chen R, Yu W, Sun Q, Wu Y, Que R, Li H, Yang L, Liu W, Zuo J, Jensen LD, Huang G, Cao Y, Yang Y. Dietary ketone body-escalated histone acetylation in megakaryocytes alleviates chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabn9061. [PMID: 36449600 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn9061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) is a severe complication in patients with cancer that can lead to impaired therapeutic outcome and survival. Clinically, therapeutic options for CIT are limited by severe adverse effects and high economic burdens. Here, we demonstrate that ketogenic diets alleviate CIT in both animals and humans without causing thrombocytosis. Mechanistically, ketogenic diet-induced circulating β-hydroxybutyrate (β-OHB) increased histone H3 acetylation in bone marrow megakaryocytes. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments revealed a distinct role of 3-β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (BDH)-mediated ketone body metabolism in promoting histone acetylation, which promoted the transcription of platelet biogenesis genes and induced thrombocytopoiesis. Genetic depletion of the megakaryocyte-specific ketone body transporter monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) or pharmacological targeting of MCT1 blocked β-OHB-induced thrombocytopoiesis in mice. A ketogenesis-promoting diet alleviated CIT in mouse models. Moreover, a ketogenic diet modestly increased platelet counts without causing thrombocytosis in healthy volunteers, and a ketogenic lifestyle inversely correlated with CIT in patients with cancer. Together, we provide mechanistic insights into a ketone body-MCT1-BDH-histone acetylation-platelet biogenesis axis in megakaryocytes and propose a nontoxic, low-cost dietary intervention for combating CIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Xie
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan 364000, China
| | - Chenyu Jiang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan 364000, China
| | - Ying Ye
- Department of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Biying Wu
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaoting Sun
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Solna, Sweden.,Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vison and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325024, China
| | - Xue Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Ruibo Chen
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen Yu
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan 364000, China
| | - Rongliang Que
- Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan 364000, China
| | - Huilan Li
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan 364000, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ji Zuo
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lasse D Jensen
- Department of Health, Medical and Caring Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Guichun Huang
- Medical Oncology Department of Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 200002, China
| | - Yihai Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Yunlong Yang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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8
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Oliva D, Andersson BÅ, Lewin F, Jensen LD. Opposing inflammatory biomarker responses to sleep disruption in cancer patients before and during oncological therapy. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:945784. [PMID: 36213755 PMCID: PMC9534604 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.945784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundSleep disruption is known to be highly prevalent in cancer patients, aggravated during oncological treatment and closely associated with reduced quality of life, therapeutic outcome and survival. Inflammatory factors are associated with sleep disruption in healthy individuals and cancer patients, but heterogeneity and robustness of inflammatory factors associated with sleep disruption and how these are affected by oncological therapy remain poorly understood. Furthermore, due to the complex crosstalk between sleep-, and therapy-associated factors, including inflammatory factors, there are currently no established biomarkers for predicting sleep disruption in patients undergoing oncological therapy.MethodsWe performed a broad screen of circulating biomarkers with immune-modulating or endocrine functions and coupled these to self-reported sleep quality using the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) sleep scale. Ninety cancer patients with gastrointestinal, urothelial, breast, brain and tonsillar cancers, aged between 32 and 86 years, and scheduled for adjuvant or palliative oncological therapy were included. Of these, 71 patients were evaluable. Data was collected immediately before and again 3 months after onset of oncological therapy.ResultsSeventeen among a total of 45 investigated plasma proteins were found to be suppressed in cancer patients exhibiting sleep disruption prior to treatment onset, but this association was lost following the first treatment cycle. Patients whose sleep quality was reduced during the treatment period exhibited significantly increased plasma levels of six pro-inflammatory biomarkers (IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-a, IFN-g, and GM-CSF) 3 months after the start of treatment, whereas biomarkers with anti-inflammatory, growth factor, immune-modulatory, or chemokine functions were unchanged.ConclusionOur work suggests that biomarkers of sleep quality are not valid for cancer patients undergoing oncological therapy if analyzed only at a single timepoint. On the other hand, therapy-associated increases in circulating inflammatory biomarkers are closely coupled to reduced sleep quality in cancer patients. These findings indicate a need for testing of inflammatory and other biomarkers as well as sleep quality at multiple times during the patient treatment and care process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delmy Oliva
- Department of Oncology, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Delmy Oliva,
| | - Bengt-Åke Andersson
- Department of Natural Science and Biomedicine, School of Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Freddi Lewin
- Department of Oncology, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lasse D. Jensen
- Division of Diagnostics and Specialist Medicine, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Lasse D. Jensen,
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9
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Ali Z, Vildevall M, Rodriguez GV, Tandiono D, Vamvakaris I, Evangelou G, Lolas G, Syrigos KN, Villanueva A, Wick M, Omar S, Erkstam A, Schueler J, Fahlgren A, Jensen LD. Zebrafish patient-derived xenograft models predict lymph node involvement and treatment outcome in non-small cell lung cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:58. [PMID: 35139880 PMCID: PMC8827197 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02280-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accurate predictions of tumor dissemination risks and medical treatment outcomes are critical to personalize therapy. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models in mice have demonstrated high accuracy in predicting therapeutic outcomes, but methods for predicting tumor invasiveness and early stages of vascular/lymphatic dissemination are still lacking. Here we show that a zebrafish tumor xenograft (ZTX) platform based on implantation of PDX tissue fragments recapitulate both treatment outcome and tumor invasiveness/dissemination in patients, within an assay time of only 3 days. Methods Using a panel of 39 non-small cell lung cancer PDX models, we developed a combined mouse-zebrafish PDX platform based on direct implantation of cryopreserved PDX tissue fragments into zebrafish embryos, without the need for pre-culturing or expansion. Clinical proof-of-principle was established by direct implantation of tumor samples from four patients. Results The resulting ZTX models responded to Erlotinib and Paclitaxel, with similar potency as in mouse-PDX models and the patients themselves, and resistant tumors similarly failed to respond to these drugs in the ZTX system. Drug response was coupled to elevated expression of EGFR, Mdm2, Ptch1 and Tsc1 (Erlotinib), or Nras and Ptch1 (Paclitaxel) and reduced expression of Egfr, Erbb2 and Foxa (Paclitaxel). Importantly, ZTX models retained the invasive phenotypes of the tumors and predicted lymph node involvement of the patients with 91% sensitivity and 62% specificity, which was superior to clinically used tests. The biopsies from all four patient tested implanted successfully, and treatment outcome and dissemination were quantified for all patients in only 3 days. Conclusions We conclude that the ZTX platform provide a fast, accurate, and clinically relevant system for evaluation of treatment outcome and invasion/dissemination of PDX models, providing an attractive platform for combined mouse-zebrafish PDX trials and personalized medicine. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02280-x.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Georgios Evangelou
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Lolas
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,InCELLiA P.C, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos N Syrigos
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alberto Villanueva
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Oncobell Program, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Xenopat S.L., Parc Cientific de Barcelona (PCB), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Shenga Omar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Campus US, Entrance 68, Pl. 08, SE-58185, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | | | - Anna Fahlgren
- BioReperia AB, Linköping, Sweden.,Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linöping, Sweden
| | - Lasse D Jensen
- BioReperia AB, Linköping, Sweden. .,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Campus US, Entrance 68, Pl. 08, SE-58185, Linköping, Sweden.
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10
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Engelsmann MN, Jensen LD, van der Heide ME, Hedemann MS, Nielsen TS, Nørgaard JV. Age-dependent development in protein digestibility and intestinal morphology in weaned pigs fed different protein sources. Animal 2022; 16:100439. [PMID: 35007883 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Today, weaner diets are optimised using digestibility coefficients obtained from grower-finisher pigs, which may overestimate the digestibility in weaners. The aim of this study was to evaluate the standardised ileal digestibility (SID) of CP and amino acids (AAs), and the intestinal morphology in pigs 0-4 weeks postweaning when fed different protein sources. The experiment included 128 pigs weaned at day 28 and the protein sources were wheat, soybean meal (SBM), enzyme-treated soybean meal (ESBM), hydrothermally treated rapeseed meal (HRSM) and casein. The experiment was conducted as a difference method study including wheat in all diets. Eight pigs were slaughtered on the day of weaning (day 0) and six pigs/treatment were slaughtered at days 7, 14, 21, and 28 postweaning. The SID of CP and AA, as average over the four weeks, was lowest for ESBM and highest for wheat and casein, with SBM and HRSM being intermediate. The SID of CP and AA increased (both linear and quadratic, P < 0.05) over time after weaning. The average SID of CP for all protein sources postweaning was 0.38, 0.59, 0.76, and 0.71 on days 7, 14, 21, and 28, respectively. These differences were significant (P < 0.05) between days 7 and 21, and between days 7 and 28 (P < 0.05), whereas there tended to be a difference between days 7 and 14 (P = 0.06). Protein source did not affect the small intestinal morphology response parameters, whereas time after weaning did. Villous height and villous height to crypt depth ratio differed (P < 0.05) between the days 0 and 7, with shorter villi and a higher ratio at day 7. Crypt depth was not altered between days 0 and 7, or between days 7 and 14. For villi density, crypt density and small intestinal length, a significant increase from days 7 to 14 was observed, but there was no further increase to or difference between days 21 and 28. In conclusion, the low SID of CP in casein on day 7 (0.50) illustrates the challenges related to protein digestion in weanling pigs. The SID of CP and AA is very low during the first two weeks postweaning and time after weaning is more important for protein digestibility, than the source of protein. Fewer mature epithelial cells and less absorptive area in the small intestine in the early postweaning period may partly explain the poor protein digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Engelsmann
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Foulum, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - L D Jensen
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Foulum, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - M E van der Heide
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Foulum, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - M S Hedemann
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Foulum, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - T S Nielsen
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Foulum, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - J V Nørgaard
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Foulum, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark.
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11
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Wu B, Ye Y, Xie S, Li Y, Sun X, Lv M, Yang L, Cui N, Chen Q, Jensen LD, Cui D, Huang G, Zuo J, Zhang S, Liu W, Yang Y. Megakaryocytes Mediate Hyperglycemia-Induced Tumor Metastasis. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5506-5522. [PMID: 34535458 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-1180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
High blood glucose has long been established as a risk factor for tumor metastasis, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying this association have not been elucidated. Here we describe that hyperglycemia promotes tumor metastasis via increased platelet activity. Administration of glucose, but not fructose, reprogrammed the metabolism of megakaryocytes to indirectly prime platelets into a prometastatic phenotype with increased adherence to tumor cells. In megakaryocytes, a glucose metabolism-related gene array identified the mitochondrial molecular chaperone glucose-regulated protein 75 (GRP75) as a trigger for platelet activation and aggregation by stimulating the Ca2+-PKCα pathway. Genetic depletion of Glut1 in megakaryocytes blocked MYC-induced GRP75 expression. Pharmacologic blockade of platelet GRP75 compromised tumor-induced platelet activation and reduced metastasis. Moreover, in a pilot clinical study, drinking a 5% glucose solution elevated platelet GRP75 expression and activated platelets in healthy volunteers. Platelets from these volunteers promoted tumor metastasis in a platelet-adoptive transfer mouse model. Together, under hyperglycemic conditions, MYC-induced upregulation of GRP75 in megakaryocytes increases platelet activation via the Ca2+-PKCα pathway to promote cancer metastasis, providing a potential new therapeutic target for preventing metastasis. SIGNIFICANCE: This study provides mechanistic insights into a glucose-megakaryocyte-platelet axis that promotes metastasis and proposes an antimetastatic therapeutic approach by targeting the mitochondrial protein GRP75.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biying Wu
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Ye
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Sisi Xie
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yintao Li
- Phase I Clinical Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoting Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyuan Lv
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Cui
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiying Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Lasse D Jensen
- Department of Medicine, Health and Caring Science, Division of Diagnostics and Specialist Medicine, Unit of Cardiovascular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Dongmei Cui
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Shenzhen Eye Hospital of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guichun Huang
- Medical Oncology Department of Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ji Zuo
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaochong Zhang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Shenzhen Eye Hospital of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yunlong Yang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Selvaraju K, Lotfi K, Gubat J, Miquel M, Nilsson A, Hill J, Jensen LD, Linder S, D’Arcy P. Sensitivity of Acute Myelocytic Leukemia Cells to the Dienone Compound VLX1570 Is Associated with Inhibition of the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11091339. [PMID: 34572552 PMCID: PMC8470745 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dienone compounds with a 1,5-diaryl-3-oxo-1,4-pentadienyl pharmacophore have been widely reported to show tumor cell selectivity. These compounds target the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), known to be essential for the viability of tumor cells. The induction of oxidative stress, depletion of glutathione, and induction of high-molecular-weight (HMW) complexes have also been reported. We here examined the response of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells to the dienone compound VLX1570. AML cells have relatively high protein turnover rates and have also been reported to be sensitive to depletion of reduced glutathione. We found AML cells of diverse cytogenetic backgrounds to be sensitive to VLX1570, with drug exposure resulting in an accumulation of ubiquitin complexes, induction of ER stress, and the loss of cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Caspase activation was observed but was not required for the loss of cell viability. Glutathione depletion was also observed but did not correlate to VLX1570 sensitivity. Formation of HMW complexes occurred at higher concentrations of VLX1570 than those required for the loss of cell viability and was not enhanced by glutathione depletion. To study the effect of VLX1570 we developed a zebrafish PDX model of AML and confirmed antigrowth activity in vivo. Our results show that VLX1570 induces UPS inhibition in AML cells and encourage further work in developing compounds useful for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Selvaraju
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden; (K.S.); (K.L.); (J.G.); (M.M.); (A.N.); (J.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Kourosh Lotfi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden; (K.S.); (K.L.); (J.G.); (M.M.); (A.N.); (J.H.); (S.L.)
- Department of Hematology, Linköping University Hospital, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Johannes Gubat
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden; (K.S.); (K.L.); (J.G.); (M.M.); (A.N.); (J.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Maria Miquel
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden; (K.S.); (K.L.); (J.G.); (M.M.); (A.N.); (J.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Amanda Nilsson
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden; (K.S.); (K.L.); (J.G.); (M.M.); (A.N.); (J.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Julia Hill
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden; (K.S.); (K.L.); (J.G.); (M.M.); (A.N.); (J.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Lasse D. Jensen
- Department of Health, Medical and Caring Sciences (HMV), Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Stig Linder
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden; (K.S.); (K.L.); (J.G.); (M.M.); (A.N.); (J.H.); (S.L.)
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pádraig D’Arcy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden; (K.S.); (K.L.); (J.G.); (M.M.); (A.N.); (J.H.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Rodriguez GV, Ali Z, Vildevall M, Erkstam A, Goutopoulos A, Fahlgren A, Jensen LD. Abstract 2337: Recapitulating and targeting hypoxia-induced tumor metabolism using zebrafish tumor-derived xenografts-models. Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2021-2337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced metabolic pathways are excellent anti-tumor targets as these are specifically but broadly activated even under normoxia in cancer. However, these pathological metabolic profiles are often poorly recapitulated in vitro, and developing new drugs that target these tumor-specific metabolic enzymes therefore require in vivo models, even from an early stage. Screening of drug candidates or cell/PDX model libraries using zebrafish tumor xenograft (ZTX) models has become an attractive alternative to mice for fast assessment of drug efficacy in a variety of indications in vivo, but traditionally such models have not allowed for testing drugs that target hypoxia-induced metabolic pathways. Controlling the extent and duration of intratumor hypoxia in vivo has been done by mixing nitrogen gas directly into the water surrounding the larvae, and these systems have therefore not been amenable for high-throughput screening purposes. In order to advance the use of ZTX technologies and allow screening of drugs targeting hypoxia-induced metabolic pathways, a new, high-throughput platform for controlling hypoxia in zebrafish larvae is needed.
Here we demonstrate the development of a ZTX platform in which hypoxia-induced pathophysiological changes in the tumor microenvironment are evaluated, and up-regulation of relevant drug targets are coupled to cell- and drug-screening capabilities. The system that we have developed here allows for screening of hundreds of tumor-bearing larvae in many different experimental groups at the same time, using normoxia and hypoxia in parallel. Using this innovative platform, we show that hypoxia exposure induces metastatic dissemination in a panel of 12 tumor cell lines, spanning multiple indications and that a specific drug, currently under clinical development, targeting hypoxia-induced tumor metabolism, is effective in killing tumor cells and reducing metastatic dissemination only under hypoxic conditions, thereby validating the proposed mechanism of action.
In conclusion, we have developed a hypoxia-ZTX screening system that allows identification of alternate indications for approved drugs or drugs in phase II or III, expanding the possibility for on-labeled use of anti-cancer therapeutics. Specifically, we demonstrated that a novel drug candidate targeting a specific hypoxia-induced signaling pathway show high anti-tumor efficacy, reduces primary tumor burden, and inhibits metastatic dissemination. This drug would thereby be promising for expanded clinical development and on-label use.
Citation Format: Gabriela Vazquez Rodriguez, Zaheer Ali, Malin Vildevall, Anna Erkstam, Andreas Goutopoulos, Anna Fahlgren, Lasse D. Jensen. Recapitulating and targeting hypoxia-induced tumor metabolism using zebrafish tumor-derived xenografts-models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 2337.
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14
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Slater K, Heeran AB, Garcia-Mulero S, Kalirai H, Sanz-Pamplona R, Rahman A, Al-Attar N, Helmi M, O’Connell F, Bosch R, Portela A, Villanueva A, Gallagher WM, Jensen LD, Piulats JM, Coupland SE, O’Sullivan J, Kennedy BN. High Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptor 1 Expression Correlates with Poor Survival of Uveal Melanoma Patients and Cognate Antagonist Drugs Modulate the Growth, Cancer Secretome, and Metabolism of Uveal Melanoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2950. [PMID: 33066024 PMCID: PMC7600582 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare, but often lethal, form of ocular cancer arising from melanocytes within the uveal tract. UM has a high propensity to spread hematogenously to the liver, with up to 50% of patients developing liver metastases. Unfortunately, once liver metastasis occurs, patient prognosis is extremely poor with as few as 8% of patients surviving beyond two years. There are no standard-of-care therapies available for the treatment of metastatic UM, hence it is a clinical area of urgent unmet need. Here, the clinical relevance and therapeutic potential of cysteinyl leukotriene receptors (CysLT1 and CysLT2) in UM was evaluated. High expression of CYSLTR1 or CYSLTR2 transcripts is significantly associated with poor disease-free survival and poor overall survival in UM patients. Digital pathology analysis identified that high expression of CysLT1 in primary UM is associated with reduced disease-specific survival (p = 0.012; HR 2.76; 95% CI 1.21-6.3) and overall survival (p = 0.011; HR 1.46; 95% CI 0.67-3.17). High CysLT1 expression shows a statistically significant (p = 0.041) correlation with ciliary body involvement, a poor prognostic indicator in UM. Small molecule drugs targeting CysLT1 were vastly superior at exerting anti-cancer phenotypes in UM cell lines and zebrafish xenografts than drugs targeting CysLT2. Quininib, a selective CysLT1 antagonist, significantly inhibits survival (p < 0.0001), long-term proliferation (p < 0.0001), and oxidative phosphorylation (p < 0.001), but not glycolysis, in primary and metastatic UM cell lines. Quininib exerts opposing effects on the secretion of inflammatory markers in primary versus metastatic UM cell lines. Quininib significantly downregulated IL-2 and IL-6 in Mel285 cells (p < 0.05) but significantly upregulated IL-10, IL-1β, IL-2 (p < 0.0001), IL-13, IL-8 (p < 0.001), IL-12p70 and IL-6 (p < 0.05) in OMM2.5 cells. Finally, quininib significantly inhibits tumour growth in orthotopic zebrafish xenograft models of UM. These preclinical data suggest that antagonism of CysLT1, but not CysLT2, may be of therapeutic interest in the treatment of UM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayleigh Slater
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (K.S.); (A.R.); (N.A.-A.); (W.M.G.)
- Genomics Medicine Ireland Limited, Cherrywood Business Park Building 4, D18 K7W4 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aisling B. Heeran
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St. James’s Hospital, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland; (A.B.H.); (F.O.); (J.O.)
| | - Sandra Garcia-Mulero
- Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Oncology Data Analytics Program (ODAP), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL) and CIBERESP, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (S.G.-M.); (R.S.-P.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helen Kalirai
- Liverpool Ocular Oncology Research Group, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK; (H.K.); (S.E.C.)
| | - Rebeca Sanz-Pamplona
- Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Oncology Data Analytics Program (ODAP), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL) and CIBERESP, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (S.G.-M.); (R.S.-P.)
| | - Arman Rahman
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (K.S.); (A.R.); (N.A.-A.); (W.M.G.)
| | - Nebras Al-Attar
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (K.S.); (A.R.); (N.A.-A.); (W.M.G.)
| | - Mays Helmi
- Unit of Cardiovascular Medicine, Division of Diagnostics and Specialist Medicine, Department of Health, Medical and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden; (M.H.); (L.D.J.)
| | - Fiona O’Connell
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St. James’s Hospital, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland; (A.B.H.); (F.O.); (J.O.)
| | - Rosa Bosch
- Xenopat S.L., Parc Científic de Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Edifici Hèlix, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.B.); (A.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Anna Portela
- Xenopat S.L., Parc Científic de Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Edifici Hèlix, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.B.); (A.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Alberto Villanueva
- Xenopat S.L., Parc Científic de Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Edifici Hèlix, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.B.); (A.P.); (A.V.)
| | - William M. Gallagher
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (K.S.); (A.R.); (N.A.-A.); (W.M.G.)
| | - Lasse D. Jensen
- Unit of Cardiovascular Medicine, Division of Diagnostics and Specialist Medicine, Department of Health, Medical and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden; (M.H.); (L.D.J.)
| | - Josep M. Piulats
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Cancer (ICO), IDIBELL-OncoBell, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain;
- Clinical Research in Solid Tumors Group (CREST), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL-OncoBell, CIBERONC, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sarah E. Coupland
- Liverpool Ocular Oncology Research Group, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK; (H.K.); (S.E.C.)
- Liverpool Clinical Laboratories, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - Jacintha O’Sullivan
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St. James’s Hospital, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland; (A.B.H.); (F.O.); (J.O.)
| | - Breandán N. Kennedy
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (K.S.); (A.R.); (N.A.-A.); (W.M.G.)
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15
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Gauert A, Olk N, Pimentel-Gutiérrez H, Astrahantseff K, Jensen LD, Cao Y, Eggert A, Eckert C, Hagemann AI. Fast, In Vivo Model for Drug-Response Prediction in Patients with B-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071883. [PMID: 32668722 PMCID: PMC7408814 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Only half of patients with relapsed B-cell precursor (BCP) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) currently survive with standard treatment protocols. Predicting individual patient responses to defined drugs prior to application would help therapy stratification and could improve survival. With the purpose to aid personalized targeted treatment approaches, we developed a human–zebrafish xenograft (ALL-ZeFiX) assay to predict drug response in a patient in 5 days. Leukemia blast cells were pericardially engrafted into transiently immunosuppressed Danio rerio embryos, and engrafted embryos treated for the test case, venetoclax, before single-cell dissolution for quantitative whole blast cell analysis. Bone marrow blasts from patients with newly diagnosed or relapsed BCP-ALL were successfully expanded in 60% of transplants in immunosuppressed zebrafish embryos. The response of BCP-ALL cell lines to venetoclax in ALL-ZeFiX assays mirrored responses in 2D cultures. Venetoclax produced varied responses in patient-derived BCP-ALL grafts, including two results mirroring treatment responses in two refractory BCP-ALL patients treated with venetoclax. Here we demonstrate proof-of-concept for our 5-day ALL-ZeFiX assay with primary patient blasts and the test case, venetoclax, which after expanded testing for further targeted drugs could support personalized treatment decisions within the clinical time window for decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Gauert
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (A.G.); (N.O.); (H.P.-G.); (K.A.); (A.E.); (C.E.)
| | - Nadine Olk
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (A.G.); (N.O.); (H.P.-G.); (K.A.); (A.E.); (C.E.)
| | - Helia Pimentel-Gutiérrez
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (A.G.); (N.O.); (H.P.-G.); (K.A.); (A.E.); (C.E.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)—German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kathy Astrahantseff
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (A.G.); (N.O.); (H.P.-G.); (K.A.); (A.E.); (C.E.)
| | - Lasse D. Jensen
- Department of Health, Medical and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Yihai Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Angelika Eggert
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (A.G.); (N.O.); (H.P.-G.); (K.A.); (A.E.); (C.E.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)—German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Eckert
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (A.G.); (N.O.); (H.P.-G.); (K.A.); (A.E.); (C.E.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)—German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja I.H. Hagemann
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (A.G.); (N.O.); (H.P.-G.); (K.A.); (A.E.); (C.E.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Ali Z, Zang J, Lagali N, Schmitner N, Salvenmoser W, Mukwaya A, Neuhauss SCF, Jensen LD, Kimmel RA. Photoreceptor Degeneration Accompanies Vascular Changes in a Zebrafish Model of Diabetic Retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:43. [PMID: 32106290 PMCID: PMC7329949 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.2.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision impairment and blindness worldwide in the working-age population, and the incidence is rising. Until now it has been difficult to define initiating events and disease progression at the molecular level, as available diabetic rodent models do not present the full spectrum of neural and vascular pathologies. Zebrafish harboring a homozygous mutation in the pancreatic transcription factor pdx1 were previously shown to display a diabetic phenotype from larval stages through adulthood. In this study, pdx1 mutants were examined for retinal vascular and neuronal pathology to demonstrate suitability of these fish for modeling DR. Methods Vessel morphology was examined in pdx1 mutant and control fish expressing the fli1a:EGFP transgene. We further characterized vascular and retinal phenotypes in mutants and controls using immunohistochemistry, histology, and electron microscopy. Retinal function was assessed using electroretinography. Results Pdx1 mutants exhibit clear vascular phenotypes at 2 months of age, and disease progression, including arterial vasculopenia, capillary tortuosity, and hypersprouting, could be detected at stages extending over more than 1 year. Neural-retinal pathologies are consistent with photoreceptor dysfunction and loss, but do not progress to blindness. Conclusions This study highlights pdx1 mutant zebrafish as a valuable complement to rodent and other mammalian models of DR, in particular for research into the mechanistic interplay of diabetes with vascular and neuroretinal disease. They are furthermore suited for molecular studies to identify new targets for treatment of early as well as late DR.
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17
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Karjosukarso DW, Ali Z, Peters TA, Zhang JQC, Hoogendoorn ADM, Garanto A, van Wijk E, Jensen LD, Collin RWJ. Modeling ZNF408-Associated FEVR in Zebrafish Results in Abnormal Retinal Vasculature. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:39. [PMID: 32097476 PMCID: PMC7329629 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.2.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is an inherited retinal disease in which the retinal vasculature is affected. Patients with FEVR typically lack or have abnormal vasculature in the peripheral retina, the outcome of which can range from mild visual impairment to complete blindness. A missense mutation (p.His455Tyr) in ZNF408 was identified in an autosomal dominant FEVR family. Little, however, is known about the molecular role of ZNF408 and how its defect leads to the clinical features of FEVR. Methods Using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, two homozygous mutant zebrafish models with truncated znf408 were generated, as well as one heterozygous and one homozygous missense znf408 model in which the human p.His455Tyr mutation is mimicked. Results Intriguingly, all three znf408-mutant zebrafish strains demonstrated progressive retinal vascular pathology, initially characterized by a deficient hyaloid vessel development at 5 days postfertilization (dpf) leading to vascular insufficiency in the retina. The generation of stable mutant lines allowed long-term follow up studies, which showed ectopic retinal vascular hyper-sprouting at 90 dpf and extensive vascular leakage at 180 dpf. Conclusions Together, our data demonstrate an important role for znf408 in the development and maintenance of the vascular system within the retina.
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18
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Ali Z, Cui D, Yang Y, Tracey-White D, Vazquez-Rodriguez G, Moosajee M, Ju R, Li X, Cao Y, Jensen LD. Synchronized tissue-scale vasculogenesis and ubiquitous lateral sprouting underlie the unique architecture of the choriocapillaris. Dev Biol 2020; 457:206-214. [PMID: 30796893 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The choriocapillaris is an exceptionally high density, two-dimensional, sheet-like capillary network, characterized by the highest exchange rate of nutrients for waste products per area in the organism. These unique morphological and physiological features are critical for supporting the extreme metabolic requirements of the outer retina needed for vision. The developmental mechanisms and processes responsible for generating this unique vascular network remain, however, poorly understood. Here we take advantage of the zebrafish as a model organism for gaining novel insights into the cellular dynamics and molecular signaling mechanisms involved in the development of the choriocapillaris. We show for the first time that zebrafish have a choriocapillaris highly similar to that in mammals, and that it is initially formed by a novel process of synchronized vasculogenesis occurring simultaneously across the entire outer retina. This initial vascular network expands by un-inhibited sprouting angiogenesis whereby all endothelial cells adopt tip-cell characteristics, a process which is sustained throughout embryonic and early post-natal development, even after the choriocapillaris becomes perfused. Ubiquitous sprouting was maintained by continuous VEGF-VEGFR2 signaling in endothelial cells delaying maturation until immediately before stages where vision becomes important for survival, leading to the unparalleled high density and lobular structure of this vasculature. Sprouting was throughout development limited to two dimensions by Bruch's membrane and the sclera at the anterior and posterior surfaces respectively. These novel cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying choriocapillaris development were recapitulated in mice. In conclusion, our findings reveal novel mechanisms underlying the development of the choriocapillaris during zebrafish and mouse development. These results may explain the uniquely high density and sheet-like organization of this vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaheer Ali
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Dongmei Cui
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yunlong Yang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China; Institute of Pan-vascular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Dhani Tracey-White
- Department of Ocular Biology and Therapeutics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Gabriela Vazquez-Rodriguez
- Department of Oncology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mariya Moosajee
- Department of Ocular Biology and Therapeutics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Rong Ju
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xuri Li
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yihai Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lasse D Jensen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
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19
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Jensen LD, Hot B, Ramsköld D, Germano RFV, Yokota C, Giatrellis S, Lauschke VM, Hubmacher D, Li MX, Hupe M, Arnold TD, Sandberg R, Frisén J, Trusohamn M, Martowicz A, Wisniewska-Kruk J, Nyqvist D, Adams RH, Apte SS, Vanhollebeke B, Stenman JM, Kele J. Disruption of the Extracellular Matrix Progressively Impairs Central Nervous System Vascular Maturation Downstream of β-Catenin Signaling. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:1432-1447. [PMID: 31242033 PMCID: PMC6597191 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective— The Wnt/β-catenin pathway orchestrates development of the blood-brain barrier, but the downstream mechanisms involved at different developmental windows and in different central nervous system (CNS) tissues have remained elusive. Approach and Results— Here, we create a new mouse model allowing spatiotemporal investigations of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by induced overexpression of Axin1, an inhibitor of β-catenin signaling, specifically in endothelial cells (Axin1iEC−OE). AOE (Axin1 overexpression) in Axin1iEC−OE mice at stages following the initial vascular invasion of the CNS did not impair angiogenesis but led to premature vascular regression followed by progressive dilation and inhibition of vascular maturation resulting in forebrain-specific hemorrhage 4 days post-AOE. Analysis of the temporal Wnt/β-catenin driven CNS vascular development in zebrafish also suggested that Axin1iEC−OE led to CNS vascular regression and impaired maturation but not inhibition of ongoing angiogenesis within the CNS. Transcriptomic profiling of isolated, β-catenin signaling-deficient endothelial cells during early blood-brain barrier–development (E11.5) revealed ECM (extracellular matrix) proteins as one of the most severely deregulated clusters. Among the 20 genes constituting the forebrain endothelial cell-specific response signature, 8 (Adamtsl2, Apod, Ctsw, Htra3, Pglyrp1, Spock2, Ttyh2, and Wfdc1) encoded bona fide ECM proteins. This specific β-catenin-responsive ECM signature was also repressed in Axin1iEC−OE and endothelial cell-specific β-catenin–knockout mice (Ctnnb1-KOiEC) during initial blood-brain barrier maturation (E14.5), consistent with an important role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in orchestrating the development of the forebrain vascular ECM. Conclusions— These results suggest a novel mechanism of establishing a CNS endothelium-specific ECM signature downstream of Wnt-β-catenin that impact spatiotemporally on blood-brain barrier differentiation during forebrain vessel development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse D Jensen
- From the Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköpings Universitet, Linköping, Sweden (L.D.J.)
| | - Belma Hot
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (B.H., V.M.L., J.K.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd, Stockholm, Sweden (B.H., D.R., C.Y., M.X.L., M.H., R.S., J.M.S., J.K.)
| | - Daniel Ramsköld
- Department of Medicine, Solna (D.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology (D.R., S.G., R.S., J.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd, Stockholm, Sweden (B.H., D.R., C.Y., M.X.L., M.H., R.S., J.M.S., J.K.)
| | - Raoul F V Germano
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, Department of Molecular Biology, Université libre de Bruxelles, Belgium (R.F.V.G., B.V.)
| | - Chika Yokota
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd, Stockholm, Sweden (B.H., D.R., C.Y., M.X.L., M.H., R.S., J.M.S., J.K.).,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Sweden (C.Y.)
| | - Sarantis Giatrellis
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology (D.R., S.G., R.S., J.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Volker M Lauschke
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (B.H., V.M.L., J.K.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dirk Hubmacher
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (D.H.)
| | - Minerva X Li
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd, Stockholm, Sweden (B.H., D.R., C.Y., M.X.L., M.H., R.S., J.M.S., J.K.).,Department of Clinical Sciences, Lunds Universitet, Sweden (M.X.L.)
| | - Mike Hupe
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd, Stockholm, Sweden (B.H., D.R., C.Y., M.X.L., M.H., R.S., J.M.S., J.K.).,Developmental Biochemistry, Theodor Boveri Institute (Biocenter), University of Wuerzburg, Germany (M.H.)
| | - Thomas D Arnold
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco (T.D.A.)
| | - Rickard Sandberg
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology (D.R., S.G., R.S., J.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd, Stockholm, Sweden (B.H., D.R., C.Y., M.X.L., M.H., R.S., J.M.S., J.K.)
| | - Jonas Frisén
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology (D.R., S.G., R.S., J.F.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marta Trusohamn
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics (M.T., A.M., J.W.-K., D.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agnieszka Martowicz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics (M.T., A.M., J.W.-K., D.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joanna Wisniewska-Kruk
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics (M.T., A.M., J.W.-K., D.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Nyqvist
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics (M.T., A.M., J.W.-K., D.N.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ralf H Adams
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, Germany (R.H.A.)
| | - Suneel S Apte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation (S.S.A.)
| | - Benoit Vanhollebeke
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, Department of Molecular Biology, Université libre de Bruxelles, Belgium (R.F.V.G., B.V.).,Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Belgium (B.V.)
| | - Jan M Stenman
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd, Stockholm, Sweden (B.H., D.R., C.Y., M.X.L., M.H., R.S., J.M.S., J.K.)
| | - Julianna Kele
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (B.H., V.M.L., J.K.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd, Stockholm, Sweden (B.H., D.R., C.Y., M.X.L., M.H., R.S., J.M.S., J.K.)
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20
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Ward R, Ali Z, Slater K, Reynolds AL, Jensen LD, Kennedy BN. Pharmacological restoration of visual function in a zebrafish model of von-Hippel Lindau disease. Dev Biol 2019; 457:226-234. [PMID: 30825427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome is a rare, autosomal dominant disorder, characterised by hypervascularised tumour formation in multiple organ systems. Vision loss associated with retinal capillary hemangioblastomas remains one of the earliest complications of VHL disease. The mortality of Vhl-/- mice in utero restricted modelling of VHL disease in this mammalian model. Zebrafish harbouring a recessive germline mutation in the vhl gene represent a viable, alternative vertebrate model to investigate associated ocular loss-of-function phenotypes. Previous studies reported neovascularisation of the brain, eye and trunk together with oedema in the vhl-/- zebrafish eye. In this study, we demonstrate vhl-/- zebrafish almost entirely lack visual function. Furthermore, hyaloid vasculature networks in the vhl-/- eye are improperly formed and this phenotype is concomitant with development of an ectopic intraretinal vasculature. Sunitinib malate, a multi tyrosine kinase inhibitor, market authorised for cancer, reversed the ocular behavioural and morphological phenotypes observed in vhl-/- zebrafish. We conclude that the zebrafish vhl gene contributes to an endogenous molecular barrier that prevents development of intraretinal vasculature, and that pharmacological intervention with sunitinib can improve visual function and hyaloid vessel patterning while reducing abnormally formed ectopic intraretinal vessels in vhl-/- zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Ward
- UCD School of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Zaheer Ali
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Kayleigh Slater
- UCD School of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Alison L Reynolds
- UCD School of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland; UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Lasse D Jensen
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Breandán N Kennedy
- UCD School of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland.
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Abstract
Disruption of the daily (i.e., circadian) rhythms of cell metabolism, proliferation and blood perfusion is a hallmark of many cancer types, perhaps most clearly exemplified by the rare but detrimental pheochromocytomas. These tumors arise from genetic disruption of genes critical for hypoxia signaling, such as von Hippel-Lindau and hypoxia-inducible factor-2 or cellular metabolism, such as succinate dehydrogenase, which in turn impacts on the cellular circadian clock function by interfering with the Bmal1 and/or Clock transcription factors. While pheochromocytomas are often non-malignant, the resulting changes in cellular physiology are coupled to de-regulated production of catecholamines, which in turn disrupt circadian blood pressure variation and therefore circadian entrainment of other tissues. In this review we thoroughly discuss the molecular and physiological interplay between hypoxia signaling and the circadian clock in pheochromocytoma, and how this underlies endocrine disruption leading to loss of circadian blood pressure variation in the affected patients. We furthermore discuss potential avenues for targeting these tumor-specific pathophysiological mechanisms therapeutically in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Tabebi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Peter Söderkvist
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lasse D. Jensen
- Department of Medicine and Health Science, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Lasse D. Jensen
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Ali Z, Islam A, Sherrell P, Le-Moine M, Lolas G, Syrigos K, Rafat M, Jensen LD. Adjustable delivery of pro-angiogenic FGF-2 by collagen-alginate microspheres. Biol Open 2018; 7:bio.027060. [PMID: 29449216 PMCID: PMC5898261 DOI: 10.1242/bio.027060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic induction of blood vessel growth (angiogenesis) in ischemic tissues holds great potential for treatment of myocardial infarction and stroke. Achieving sustained angiogenesis and vascular maturation has, however, been highly challenging. Here, we demonstrate that alginate:collagen hydrogels containing therapeutic, pro-angiogenic FGF-2, and formulated as microspheres, is a promising and clinically relevant vehicle for therapeutic angiogenesis. By titrating the amount of readily dissolvable and degradable collagen with more slowly degradable alginate in the hydrogel mixture, the degradation rates of the biomaterial controlling the release kinetics of embedded pro-angiogenic FGF-2 can be adjusted. Furthermore, we elaborate a microsphere synthesis protocol allowing accurate control over sphere size, also a critical determinant of degradation/release rate. As expected, alginate:collagen microspheres were completely biocompatible and did not cause any adverse reactions when injected in mice. Importantly, the amount of pro-angiogenic FGF-2 released from such microspheres led to robust induction of angiogenesis in zebrafish embryos similar to that achieved by injecting FGF-2-releasing cells. These findings highlight the use of microspheres constructed from alginate:collagen hydrogels as a promising and clinically relevant delivery system for pro-angiogenic therapy. Summary: The development of alginate:collagen composite hydrogel microspheres of adjustable size and degradation speed is described as a new platform for delivery of pro-angiogenic FGF-2 or pro-angiogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaheer Ali
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anik Islam
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Peter Sherrell
- Department of Materials, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mark Le-Moine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Linkoping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Georgios Lolas
- Oncology Unit, 3rd Department of Medicine, “Sotiria” General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Syrigos
- Oncology Unit, 3rd Department of Medicine, “Sotiria” General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Mehrdad Rafat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Linkoping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lasse D. Jensen
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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24
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Block KI, Gyllenhaal C, Lowe L, Amedei A, Amin ARMR, Amin A, Aquilano K, Arbiser J, Arreola A, Arzumanyan A, Ashraf SS, Azmi AS, Benencia F, Bhakta D, Bilsland A, Bishayee A, Blain SW, Block PB, Boosani CS, Carey TE, Carnero A, Carotenuto M, Casey SC, Chakrabarti M, Chaturvedi R, Chen GZ, Chen H, Chen S, Chen YC, Choi BK, Ciriolo MR, Coley HM, Collins AR, Connell M, Crawford S, Curran CS, Dabrosin C, Damia G, Dasgupta S, DeBerardinis RJ, Decker WK, Dhawan P, Diehl AME, Dong JT, Dou QP, Drew JE, Elkord E, El-Rayes B, Feitelson MA, Felsher DW, Ferguson LR, Fimognari C, Firestone GL, Frezza C, Fujii H, Fuster MM, Generali D, Georgakilas AG, Gieseler F, Gilbertson M, Green MF, Grue B, Guha G, Halicka D, Helferich WG, Heneberg P, Hentosh P, Hirschey MD, Hofseth LJ, Holcombe RF, Honoki K, Hsu HY, Huang GS, Jensen LD, Jiang WG, Jones LW, Karpowicz PA, Keith WN, Kerkar SP, Khan GN, Khatami M, Ko YH, Kucuk O, Kulathinal RJ, Kumar NB, Kwon BS, Le A, Lea MA, Lee HY, Lichtor T, Lin LT, Locasale JW, Lokeshwar BL, Longo VD, Lyssiotis CA, MacKenzie KL, Malhotra M, Marino M, Martinez-Chantar ML, Matheu A, Maxwell C, McDonnell E, Meeker AK, Mehrmohamadi M, Mehta K, Michelotti GA, Mohammad RM, Mohammed SI, Morre DJ, Muralidhar V, Muqbil I, Murphy MP, Nagaraju GP, Nahta R, Niccolai E, Nowsheen S, Panis C, Pantano F, Parslow VR, Pawelec G, Pedersen PL, Poore B, Poudyal D, Prakash S, Prince M, Raffaghello L, Rathmell JC, Rathmell WK, Ray SK, Reichrath J, Rezazadeh S, Ribatti D, Ricciardiello L, Robey RB, Rodier F, Rupasinghe HPV, Russo GL, Ryan EP, Samadi AK, Sanchez-Garcia I, Sanders AJ, Santini D, Sarkar M, Sasada T, Saxena NK, Shackelford RE, Shantha Kumara HMC, Sharma D, Shin DM, Sidransky D, Siegelin MD, Signori E, Singh N, Sivanand S, Sliva D, Smythe C, Spagnuolo C, Stafforini DM, Stagg J, Subbarayan PR, Sundin T, Talib WH, Thompson SK, Tran PT, Ungefroren H, Vander Heiden MG, Venkateswaran V, Vinay DS, Vlachostergios PJ, Wang Z, Wellen KE, Whelan RL, Yang ES, Yang H, Yang X, Yaswen P, Yedjou C, Yin X, Zhu J, Zollo M. Designing a broad-spectrum integrative approach for cancer prevention and treatment. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 35 Suppl:S276-S304. [PMID: 26590477 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Targeted therapies and the consequent adoption of "personalized" oncology have achieved notable successes in some cancers; however, significant problems remain with this approach. Many targeted therapies are highly toxic, costs are extremely high, and most patients experience relapse after a few disease-free months. Relapses arise from genetic heterogeneity in tumors, which harbor therapy-resistant immortalized cells that have adopted alternate and compensatory pathways (i.e., pathways that are not reliant upon the same mechanisms as those which have been targeted). To address these limitations, an international task force of 180 scientists was assembled to explore the concept of a low-toxicity "broad-spectrum" therapeutic approach that could simultaneously target many key pathways and mechanisms. Using cancer hallmark phenotypes and the tumor microenvironment to account for the various aspects of relevant cancer biology, interdisciplinary teams reviewed each hallmark area and nominated a wide range of high-priority targets (74 in total) that could be modified to improve patient outcomes. For these targets, corresponding low-toxicity therapeutic approaches were then suggested, many of which were phytochemicals. Proposed actions on each target and all of the approaches were further reviewed for known effects on other hallmark areas and the tumor microenvironment. Potential contrary or procarcinogenic effects were found for 3.9% of the relationships between targets and hallmarks, and mixed evidence of complementary and contrary relationships was found for 7.1%. Approximately 67% of the relationships revealed potentially complementary effects, and the remainder had no known relationship. Among the approaches, 1.1% had contrary, 2.8% had mixed and 62.1% had complementary relationships. These results suggest that a broad-spectrum approach should be feasible from a safety standpoint. This novel approach has potential to be relatively inexpensive, it should help us address stages and types of cancer that lack conventional treatment, and it may reduce relapse risks. A proposed agenda for future research is offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith I Block
- Block Center for Integrative Cancer Treatment, Skokie, IL, United States.
| | | | - Leroy Lowe
- Getting to Know Cancer, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada; Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster, United Kingdom.
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - A R M Ruhul Amin
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Jack Arbiser
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States; Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Alexandra Arreola
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Alla Arzumanyan
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Fabian Benencia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin Health Sciences Institute, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Stacy W Blain
- Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Penny B Block
- Block Center for Integrative Cancer Treatment, Skokie, IL, United States
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Thomas E Carey
- Head and Neck Cancer Biology Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville, Spain
| | - Marianeve Carotenuto
- Centro di Ingegneria Genetica e Biotecnologia Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stephanie C Casey
- Stanford University, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Mrinmay Chakrabarti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Rupesh Chaturvedi
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Georgia Zhuo Chen
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Helen Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sophie Chen
- Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Yi Charlie Chen
- Department of Biology, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV, United States
| | - Beom K Choi
- Cancer Immunology Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Helen M Coley
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew R Collins
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marisa Connell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sarah Crawford
- Cancer Biology Research Laboratory, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Colleen S Curran
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Charlotta Dabrosin
- Department of Oncology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Giovanna Damia
- Department of Oncology, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, United States
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas - Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - William K Decker
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Punita Dhawan
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Biology, Division of Surgical Oncology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Anna Mae E Diehl
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Q Ping Dou
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Janice E Drew
- Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Eyad Elkord
- College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bassel El-Rayes
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Mark A Feitelson
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dean W Felsher
- Stanford University, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Lynnette R Ferguson
- Discipline of Nutrition and Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Dipartimento di Scienze per la Qualità della Vita Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Gary L Firestone
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Christian Frezza
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Mark M Fuster
- Medicine and Research Services, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System & University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Daniele Generali
- Department of Medical, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Molecular Therapy and Pharmacogenomics Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Istituti Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematics and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Frank Gieseler
- First Department of Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Michelle F Green
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Brendan Grue
- Departments of Environmental Science, Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dorota Halicka
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | | | - Petr Heneberg
- Charles University in Prague, Third Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Patricia Hentosh
- School of Medical Laboratory and Radiation Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Matthew D Hirschey
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States; Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Lorne J Hofseth
- College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Randall F Holcombe
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hsue-Yin Hsu
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Gloria S Huang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Lasse D Jensen
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wen G Jiang
- Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Lee W Jones
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | | | | | - Sid P Kerkar
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | - Mahin Khatami
- Inflammation and Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (Retired), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Young H Ko
- University of Maryland BioPark, Innovation Center, KoDiscovery, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Omer Kucuk
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Rob J Kulathinal
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nagi B Kumar
- Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Byoung S Kwon
- Cancer Immunology Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea; Department of Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Anne Le
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Michael A Lea
- New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Ho-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, South Korea
| | - Terry Lichtor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Liang-Tzung Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jason W Locasale
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Bal L Lokeshwar
- Department of Medicine, Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Valter D Longo
- Andrus Gerontology Center, Division of Biogerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Karen L MacKenzie
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Meenakshi Malhotra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria L Martinez-Chantar
- Metabolomic Unit, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | - Christopher Maxwell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Eoin McDonnell
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Alan K Meeker
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mahya Mehrmohamadi
- Field of Genetics, Genomics, and Development, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Kapil Mehta
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Gregory A Michelotti
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ramzi M Mohammad
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - D James Morre
- Mor-NuCo, Inc, Purdue Research Park, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Vinayak Muralidhar
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Irfana Muqbil
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Michael P Murphy
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Wellcome Trust-MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rita Nahta
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Carolina Panis
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Mediators, State University of West Paraná, UNIOESTE, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Francesco Pantano
- Medical Oncology Department, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia R Parslow
- Discipline of Nutrition and Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Graham Pawelec
- Center for Medical Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter L Pedersen
- Departments of Biological Chemistry and Oncology, Member at Large, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Brad Poore
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Deepak Poudyal
- College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Satya Prakash
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Mark Prince
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - Jeffrey C Rathmell
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - W Kimryn Rathmell
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Swapan K Ray
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Jörg Reichrath
- Center for Clinical and Experimental Photodermatology, Clinic for Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, The Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Sarallah Rezazadeh
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy & National Cancer Institute Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Ricciardiello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - R Brooks Robey
- White River Junction Veterans Affairs Medical Center, White River Junction, VT, United States; Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Francis Rodier
- Centre de Rechercher du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Université de Montréal, Département de Radiologie, Radio-Oncologie et Médicine Nucléaire, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - H P Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Gian Luigi Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Elizabeth P Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | | | - Isidro Sanchez-Garcia
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Andrew J Sanders
- Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Daniele Santini
- Medical Oncology Department, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Malancha Sarkar
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Tetsuro Sasada
- Department of Immunology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Neeraj K Saxena
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rodney E Shackelford
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University, Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - H M C Shantha Kumara
- Department of Surgery, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dong M Shin
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Markus David Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Emanuela Signori
- National Research Council, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Rome, Italy
| | - Neetu Singh
- Advanced Molecular Science Research Centre (Centre for Advanced Research), King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sharanya Sivanand
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Daniel Sliva
- DSTest Laboratories, Purdue Research Park, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Carl Smythe
- Department of Biomedical Science, Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Carmela Spagnuolo
- Institute of Food Sciences National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Diana M Stafforini
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - John Stagg
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Faculté de Pharmacie et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pochi R Subbarayan
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Tabetha Sundin
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sentara Healthcare, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Wamidh H Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sarah K Thompson
- Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Phuoc T Tran
- Departments of Radiation Oncology & Molecular Radiation Sciences, Oncology and Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hendrik Ungefroren
- First Department of Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Vasundara Venkateswaran
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Division of Urology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dass S Vinay
- Section of Clinical Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Panagiotis J Vlachostergios
- Department of Internal Medicine, New York University Lutheran Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zongwei Wang
- Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kathryn E Wellen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Richard L Whelan
- Department of Surgery, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Eddy S Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Huanjie Yang
- The School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xujuan Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Paul Yaswen
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Clement Yedjou
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Xin Yin
- Medicine and Research Services, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System & University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Jiyue Zhu
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Massimo Zollo
- Centro di Ingegneria Genetica e Biotecnologia Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Retzbach EP, Krishnan H, Ochoa-Alvarez JA, Shen Y, Nevel E, Kephart DJ, Kalyoussef E, Baredes S, Fatahzadeh M, Rameriz MI, Yin K, Young MA, Deluca-Rapone L, Shienbaum AJ, Jensen LD, Goldberg GS. Abstract 1215: Utilization of podoplanin as a chemotherapeutic target for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Oral cancer is diagnosed in over 300 thousand people, and kills over 100 thousand people, around the world each year. Current treatments rely on radiation and surgery procedures that often decrease the quality of life for oral cancer survivors. There is a clear need to improve treatments for these patients. Over 90% of oral cancers are formed by oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Most OSCC cells express the transmembrane receptor podoplanin (PDPN), which has emerged as a promising target for OSCC treatment. The PDPN receptor promotes tumor cell invasion and metastasis which leads to the vast majority of cancer deaths. Here, we describe efforts to target PDPN intracellularly and extracellularly in order to prevent and treat oral cancer. PDPN contains intracellular serine residues that can be phosphorylated by protein kinases including CDK5 and PKA to decrease cell migration. Additionally, the extracellular portion of PDPN can be targeted with Maackia amurensis seed lectin (MASL) to inhibit tumor cell migration and viability. Previous studies suggest that PDPN induces RhoA GTPase activity to promote cell migration. However, we show here that MASL dynamically binds PDPN to downregulate Cdc42 GTPase activity, but not RhoA or Rac1 GTPase activity. These data suggest that MASL suppresses Cdc42 GTPase activity to disrupt cell polarity and inhibit cell migration. Taken together, these data indicate that PDPN can serve as a functionally relevant target to prevent and combat oral cancer.
Citation Format: Edward P. Retzbach, Harini Krishnan, Jhon A. Ochoa-Alvarez, Yongquan Shen, Evan Nevel, David J. Kephart, Evelyne Kalyoussef, Soly Baredes, Mahnaz Fatahzadeh, Maria I. Rameriz, Kingsley Yin, Mary Ann Young, Lisa Deluca-Rapone, Alan J. Shienbaum, Lasse D. Jensen, Gary S. Goldberg. Utilization of podoplanin as a chemotherapeutic target for oral squamous cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1215.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Evan Nevel
- 1Rowan University School of Medicine, Stratford, NJ
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kingsley Yin
- 1Rowan University School of Medicine, Stratford, NJ
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Hameed LS, Berg DA, Belnoue L, Jensen LD, Cao Y, Simon A. Environmental changes in oxygen tension reveal ROS-dependent neurogenesis and regeneration in the adult newt brain. eLife 2015; 4. [PMID: 26485032 PMCID: PMC4635398 DOI: 10.7554/elife.08422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Organisms need to adapt to the ecological constraints in their habitat. How specific processes reflect such adaptations are difficult to model experimentally. We tested whether environmental shifts in oxygen tension lead to events in the adult newt brain that share features with processes occurring during neuronal regeneration under normoxia. By experimental simulation of varying oxygen concentrations, we show that hypoxia followed by re-oxygenation lead to neuronal death and hallmarks of an injury response, including activation of neural stem cells ultimately leading to neurogenesis. Neural stem cells accumulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) during re-oxygenation and inhibition of ROS biosynthesis counteracts their proliferation as well as neurogenesis. Importantly, regeneration of dopamine neurons under normoxia also depends on ROS-production. These data demonstrate a role for ROS-production in neurogenesis in newts and suggest that this role may have been recruited to the capacity to replace lost neurons in the brain of an adult vertebrate. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.08422.001 During the winter, red-spotted newts remain active in water that is covered by ice. The oxygen levels under the ice tend to drop and so the newts adjust their metabolism to cope with these conditions. However, when oxygen levels return to normal, this may result in the newts producing larger amounts of chemically reactive molecules called reactive oxygen species (ROS). These molecules form naturally as a by-product of oxygen metabolism, but in high quantities they can damage cells and tissues. It has been proposed that red-spotted newts and other animals that experience periods of low oxygen may have evolved processes to repair such damage. Unlike us, red-spotted newts are able to replace nerve cells in the brain that have died or been injured. This regeneration is fuelled by stem cells called ependymoglia cells, which divide to produce new nerve cells. Here, Hameed et al. investigated whether the return of oxygen to normal levels after a period of low oxygen can damage nerve cells in the newts, and whether this is followed by regeneration. The experiments show that nerve cells in the newt brain do indeed die when oxygen levels return to normal. Also, the brain activates an injury response that triggers the ependymoglia cells to divide. During this process, the ependymoglia cells accumulate ROS and their ability to divide is impaired if the production of ROS is blocked. The replacement of injured brain cells in normal oxygen conditions also depends on increased ROS levels. Together, Hameed et al.'s findings demonstrate a key role for ROS production in controlling the regeneration of damaged nerve cells in the red-spotted newt. A future challenge is to identify the genes that control the survival and activation of ependymoglia cells in response to increased ROS levels in the brain. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.08422.002
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Affiliation(s)
- L Shahul Hameed
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel A Berg
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laure Belnoue
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lasse D Jensen
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Yihai Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - András Simon
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Wang Z, Dabrosin C, Yin X, Fuster MM, Arreola A, Rathmell WK, Generali D, Nagaraju GP, El-Rayes B, Ribatti D, Chen YC, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Nowsheen S, Amedei A, Niccolai E, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Helferich B, Yang X, Guha G, Bhakta D, Ciriolo MR, Aquilano K, Chen S, Halicka D, Mohammed SI, Azmi AS, Bilsland A, Keith WN, Jensen LD. Broad targeting of angiogenesis for cancer prevention and therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S224-S243. [PMID: 25600295 PMCID: PMC4737670 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of angiogenesis – the growth of new blood vessels from an existing vasculature – is a main driving force in many severe human diseases including cancer. As such, tumor angiogenesis is important for delivering oxygen and nutrients to growing tumors, and therefore considered an essential pathologic feature of cancer, while also playing a key role in enabling other aspects of tumor pathology such as metabolic deregulation and tumor dissemination/metastasis. Recently, inhibition of tumor angiogenesis has become a clinical anti-cancer strategy in line with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery, which underscore the critical importance of the angiogenic switch during early tumor development. Unfortunately the clinically approved anti-angiogenic drugs in use today are only effective in a subset of the patients, and many who initially respond develop resistance over time. Also, some of the anti-angiogenic drugs are toxic and it would be of great importance to identify alternative compounds, which could overcome these drawbacks and limitations of the currently available therapy. Finding “the most important target” may, however, prove a very challenging approach as the tumor environment is highly diverse, consisting of many different cell types, all of which may contribute to tumor angiogenesis. Furthermore, the tumor cells themselves are genetically unstable, leading to a progressive increase in the number of different angiogenic factors produced as the cancer progresses to advanced stages. As an alternative approach to targeted therapy, options to broadly interfere with angiogenic signals by a mixture of non-toxic natural compound with pleiotropic actions were viewed by this team as an opportunity to develop a complementary anti-angiogenesis treatment option. As a part of the “Halifax Project” within the “Getting to know cancer” framework, we have here, based on a thorough review of the literature, identified 10 important aspects of tumor angiogenesis and the pathological tumor vasculature which would be well suited as targets for anti-angiogenic therapy: (1) endothelial cell migration/tip cell formation, (2) structural abnormalities of tumor vessels, (3) hypoxia, (4) lymphangiogenesis, (5) elevated interstitial fluid pressure, (6) poor perfusion, (7) disrupted circadian rhythms, (8) tumor promoting inflammation, (9) tumor promoting fibroblasts and (10) tumor cell metabolism/acidosis. Following this analysis, we scrutinized the available literature on broadly acting anti-angiogenic natural products, with a focus on finding qualitative information on phytochemicals which could inhibit these targets and came up with 10 prototypical phytochemical compounds: (1) oleanolic acid, (2) tripterine, (3) silibinin, (4) curcumin, (5) epigallocatechin-gallate, (6) kaempferol, (7) melatonin, (8) enterolactone, (9) withaferin A and (10) resveratrol. We suggest that these plant-derived compounds could be combined to constitute a broader acting and more effective inhibitory cocktail at doses that would not be likely to cause excessive toxicity. All the targets and phytochemical approaches were further cross-validated against their effects on other essential tumorigenic pathways (based on the “hallmarks” of cancer) in order to discover possible synergies or potentially harmful interactions, and were found to generally also have positive involvement in/effects on these other aspects of tumor biology. The aim is that this discussion could lead to the selection of combinations of such anti-angiogenic compounds which could be used in potent anti-tumor cocktails, for enhanced therapeutic efficacy, reduced toxicity and circumvention of single-agent anti-angiogenic resistance, as well as for possible use in primary or secondary cancer prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongwei Wang
- Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Charlotta Dabrosin
- Department of Oncology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Xin Yin
- Medicine and Research Services, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System & University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mark M Fuster
- Medicine and Research Services, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System & University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra Arreola
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - W Kimryn Rathmell
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Daniele Generali
- Molecular Therapy and Pharmacogenomics Unit, AO Isituti Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Ganji P Nagaraju
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bassel El-Rayes
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy; National Cancer Institute Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Yi Charlie Chen
- Department of Biology, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV, USA
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Arthroplasty and Regenerative Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Arthroplasty and Regenerative Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematics and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirate University, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirate University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bill Helferich
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Xujuan Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | | | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Sophie Chen
- Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guilford, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Lasse D Jensen
- Department of Medical, and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Svendsen SW, Frost P, Jensen LD. Time trends in surgery for non-traumatic shoulder disorders and postoperative risk of permanent work disability: a nationwide cohort study. Scand J Rheumatol 2011; 41:59-65. [DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2011.595375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abstract
Hypoxia facilitates tumor invasion and metastasis by promoting neovascularization and co-option of tumor cells in the peritumoral vasculature, leading to dissemination of tumor cells into the circulation. However, until recently, animal models and imaging technology did not enable monitoring of the early events of tumor cell invasion and dissemination in living animals. We recently developed a zebrafish metastasis model to dissect the detailed events of hypoxia-induced tumor cell invasion and metastasis in association with angiogenesis at the single-cell level. In this model, fluorescent DiI-labeled human or mouse tumor cells are implanted into the perivitelline cavity of 48-h-old zebrafish embryos, which are subsequently placed in hypoxic water for 3 d. Tumor cell invasion, metastasis and pathological angiogenesis are detected under fluorescent microscopy in the living fish. The average experimental time for this model is 7 d. Our protocol offers a remarkable opportunity to study molecular mechanisms of hypoxia-induced cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Rouhi
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Abstract
Hypoxia-induced vascular responses, including angiogenesis, vascular remodeling and vascular leakage, significantly contribute to the onset, development and progression of retinopathy. However, until recently there were no appropriate animal disease models recapitulating adult retinopathy available. In this article, we describe protocols that create hypoxia-induced retinopathy in adult zebrafish. Adult fli1:EGFP zebrafish are placed in hypoxic water for 3-10 d and retinal neovascularization is analyzed using confocal microscopy. It usually takes 11 d to obtain conclusive results using the hypoxia-induced retinopathy model in adult zebrafish. This model provides a unique opportunity to study kinetically the development of retinopathy in adult animals using noninvasive protocols and to assess therapeutic efficacy of orally active antiangiogenic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziquan Cao
- Institute of Medicine and Health, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
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Abstract
Angiogenesis research has become one of the most important areas in biomedical research. At the time of writing this review, there were approximately 3536 articles published in the year of 2008 alone on the topic of angiogenesis. The fast expansion of this research field demands development of rigorous, reliable, stable, convenient, and clinically relevant assay systems for disease diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutic evaluation, drug discovery, and mechanistic studies at the molecular level. Here, we discuss several commonly used in vivo angiogenesis models by systematically analyzing and pointing out pitfalls of each assay. Owing to existence of numerous assays and the limitation of text, it is impossible to discuss all these assays in this article. Here we select several most commonly used angiogenesis assays performed in various species including mice, chicks and zebrafish for further in-depth discussion. We hope this information will be valuable for improving current angiogenesis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- L D Jensen
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Gonge H, Jensen LD, Bonde JP. Do psychosocial strain and physical exertion predict onset of low-back pain among nursing aides? Scand J Work Environ Health 2001; 27:388-94. [PMID: 11800326 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate psychosocial factors and physical exertion at work in relation to the onset of low-back pain. METHODS The study was carried out as a case-crossover investigation of nursing aides caring for the elderly. Cases were identified among 157 nursing aides over a period of 2 years. Psychosocial factors, physical exertion, and low-back pain were reported daily in diary questionnaires over three consecutive days at work, repeated in six periods of 3 days. For each subject, case observations were identified as pain onset from one day to the next and matched with reference observations with no pain onset from the same person. Prospective data collection allowed analyses to be conducted with and without a lag in time between exposure and pain onset. RESULTS The results of the analyses with time lag (longitudinal) did not support the hypothesis that psychosocial and physical strain from 1 day of work predicts pain onset the following day. However, physical exertion, stress, and, to some extent, time pressure were associated with pain on the day of onset. CONCLUSION The effect period, if any, of exposure to physical exertion, stress, and time pressure on the onset of acute low-back pain is considered to be less than 24 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Gonge
- Department of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital of Aarhus and Institute of Psychology, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
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Jensen LK, Groth M, Jensen LD, Lyngenbo O. [Consequences of notification of occupational pulmonary disease. II. Analysis of the cases in the National Social Security Office, Industrial Injury Insurance and the significance of notification for the individual involved]. Ugeskr Laeger 1983; 145:272-7. [PMID: 6845490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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35
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Jensen LK, Groth M, Jensen LD, Lyngenbo O. [Consequences of notification of occupational pulmonary diseases. I. Preventive measures and notification to the Social Security Office, Industrial Injury Insurance]. Ugeskr Laeger 1983; 145:269-72. [PMID: 6845489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Abstract
Careful perimetry disclosed small steps in peripheral isopters corresponding to the vertical meridan in about 50% of normal eyes as well as eyes with glaucomatous field defects. Most steps were found inferiorly. The contraction of the isopter was always found on the nasal side of the field apart from a few of the glaucomatous eyes, all of which also showed central field defects. The findings suggest that no significance with regard to pathology can be attached to small peripheral steps at the vertical meridan provided that the temporal hemifield is the greater. Steps showing preponderance of the nasal half of the field, however, should arouse suspicion of an existing pathology. The reported observation as well as findings in the literature concerning function, anatomy and pathology suggest that the nasal hemiretina is dominant over the temporal one.
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Davies RM, Jensen LD. Zooplankton entrainment at three mid-Atlantic power plants. J Water Pollut Control Fed 1975; 47:2130-42. [PMID: 1177353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Jensen LD, Gaufin AR. Acute and long-term effects of organic insecticides on two species of stonefly naiads. J Water Pollut Control Fed 1966; 38:1273-86. [PMID: 5947057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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