1
|
Wang H, Gao L, Zhao C, Fang F, Liu J, Wang Z, Zhong Y, Wang X. The role of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in chronic kidney disease. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:2623-2633. [PMID: 38498274 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-03989-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), including chronic glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy and diabetic nephropathy, are common chronic diseases characterized by structural damage and functional decline of the kidneys. The current treatment of CKD is symptom relief. Several studies have reported that the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinases (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway is a pathway closely related to the pathological process of CKD. It can ameliorate kidney damage by inhibiting this signal pathway which is involved with inflammation, oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and autophagy. This review highlights the role of activating or inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in CKD-induced inflammatory response, apoptosis, autophagy and EMT. We also summarize the latest evidence on treating CKD by targeting the PI3K/Akt pathway, discuss the shortcomings and deficiencies of PI3K/Akt research in the field of CKD, and identify potential challenges in developing these clinical therapeutic CKD strategies, and provide appropriate solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongshuang Wang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
| | - Lanjun Gao
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
| | - Jiazhi Liu
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns Research, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Yan Zhong
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns Research, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China.
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China.
| | - Xiangting Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns Research, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang C, Huang F, Fang H, Zang Y. Jiawei Shengjiangsan's Effect on Renal Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy Mice is Investigated via the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:1687-1698. [PMID: 38629025 PMCID: PMC11020332 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s456205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the intervention mechanism of Jiawei Shengjiangsan (JWSJS) on kidney injury in diabetic nephropathy mice. Methods Thirty 8-week-old db/db mice were randomly divided into five groups: model group, Perindopril group, and JWSJS low-, medium-, and high-dose groups (n=6 per group) based on body weight. Additionally, a blank control group was established consisting of 6 db/m mice aged 8 weeks. The blank and model groups received daily intragastric administration of 7g/kg/d pure water. The remaining groups were assigned to JWSJS low (3.5g/kg/d), medium (7g/kg/d), high (14g/kg/d) dosage groups, and perindopril positive control group (0.48mg/kg/d) for 12 weeks. Post-experiment, serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were analyzed using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measured 24-hour urinary albumin, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), TNF-α, IL-1β, VCAM-1, MCP-1, and HbA1c. Western blot assessed the protein expressions of p-PI3K, p-Akt, and p-NF-κB p65, while pathological kidney changes were observed. Results Compared to the blank group, the model group exhibited increased SCr, BUN, 24-hour urinary albumin, serum NGAL, TNF-α, IL-1β, VCAM-1, MCP-1, HbA1c, p-PI3K, and p-Akt, alongside increased p-NF-κB p65 expression, indicating significant kidney pathology. After treatment, the JWSJS group showed decreased SCr, BUN, 24-hour urinary microalbumin, NGAL, HbA1c, TNF-α, IL-1β, VCAM-1, MCP-1 levels, increased p-PI3K and p-Akt expression (P<0.05), and reduced p-NF-κB p65 content (P<0.05). Histopathological analysis revealed that JWSJS ameliorated renal tubular epithelial cell damage, glomerular capillary and basement membrane injuries, and facilitated the repair of damaged podocytes in diabetic nephropathy mice. Conclusion JWSJS demonstrated efficacy in reducing renal inflammation in diabetic nephropathy mice, with its mechanism likely associated with the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenhua Yang
- General Medicine, Bao’an Authentic TCM Therapy Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengling Huang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiqin Fang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunhua Zang
- General Medicine, Bao’an Authentic TCM Therapy Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mo C, Zhao J, Liang J, Chen Y, Wang H, Dai Y, Huang G. Effects of Zhuang medicine compound Xiancao Granule on diabetic kidney disease: A multi-omics analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 321:117517. [PMID: 38042391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) poses a severe threat to human health. Compound Xiancao Granule (CXCG), a classic Zhuang medicinal formula, is reported as highly effective in treating DKD. However, the mechanisms underlying the action of CXCG in DKD remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of action of CXCG against DKD using multi-omics analysis, including 16s rRNA sequencing, metabolomics, and transcriptomics. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical compounds of CXCG were identified using ultra-high- performance liquid chromatography quadrupole/electrostatic field orbital trap high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis. A rat model of DKD was established by combining nephrectomy of the left kidney, high-fat diet, and streptozotocin. The therapeutic effects of CXCG on DKD were assessed based on body weight, blood glucose level, renal function, inflammatory cytokine levels, and histological staining. Subsequently, 16s rRNA sequencing, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry untargeted metabolomic profiling, and RNA sequencing analysis were used to investigate the mechanisms of action of CXCG in DKD. Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to elucidate the correlations between efficacy indicators, gut microbiota, metabolites, and inflammation-related genes. RESULTS A total of 118 compounds were identified in CXCG. CXCG significantly ameliorated glucose metabolism disorders, improved renal function, attenuated inflammation, and delayed renal pathological changes in DKD rats. CXCG modulated gut microbiota dysbiosis, including Alloprevotella, Oscillibacter, Anaeroplasma, Anaerotruncus, and Faecalibacterium. In addition, metabolic disruption in DKD rats was regulated by CXCG, which is involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates and amino acids. Transcriptome analysis showed that CXCG affected DKD mainly by regulating inflammation-related genes and pathways, such as the PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. Furthermore, there were significant correlations between efficacy indicators, gut microbiota, metabolites, and genes. CONCLUSION This multi-omics association study provides novel insights into the effects of CXCG on DKD by remodeling the gut microbiota structure and restoring the metabolic homeostasis through the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and inflammation-related pathways, highlighting a potential therapeutic strategy for DKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Mo
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, PR China; Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, PR China.
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, PR China.
| | - Jingyan Liang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530201, PR China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, PR China.
| | - Huiling Wang
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, PR China.
| | - Yuchong Dai
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, PR China.
| | - Guodong Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530201, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu Z, Cai K, Su SL, Zhu Y, Liu F, Duan JA. Salvianolic acid B and tanshinone IIA synergistically improve early diabetic nephropathy through regulating PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117356. [PMID: 37890803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common and serious complications of diabetes, which lacks effective treatment. Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma is one of the key compatible traditional Chinese medicine in the prescription for the treatment of DN. Salvianolic acid B and tanshinone IIA are two monomer active components with high content and clear structure in Salvia miltiorrhiza, which can effectively improve early (DN), respectively. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the compatible effect of salvianolic acid B and tanshinone IIA on early DN rats and elucidate the mechanism. METHODS Early DN rats were induced by streptozotocin combined with high glucose and high fat diet, and intervened by salvianolic acid B, tanshinone IIA and their combinations. The pathological sections of kidney, liver and biochemical indexes were analyzed. Network pharmacology method was used to predict the possible mechanism. The mechanisms were elucidated by metabolomics, Elisa, and Western blot. RESULTS Given our analysis, salvianolic acid B and tanshinone IIA can synergistically regulate 24 h UTP, Urea and Scr and improve kidney damage in early DN rats. The metabolic abnormalities of early DN rats were improved by regulating the biosynthesis of saturated fatty acids, glycerol phospholipid metabolism, steroid biosynthesis, alanine, and arachidonic acid. Salvianolic acid B combined with tanshinone IIA at a mass ratio of 13.4:1 can significantly reduce kidney inflammation, up-regulate p-PI3K/PI3K and p-Akt/Akt and down-regulate p-NF-κB/NF-κB, which better than the single-used group and can be reversed by PI3K inhibitor LY294002. CONCLUSION Salvianolic acid B and tanshinone IIA can synergistically improve glucose and lipid disorders, liver and kidney damage, and resist kidney inflammation in early DN rats, and the mechanism may be related to regulating PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Xu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ke Cai
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shu-Lan Su
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yue Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shaanxi Institute of International Trade and Commerce, Xianyang, 710061, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hassanein EHM, Ibrahim IM, Abd-Alhameed EK, Sharawi ZW, Jaber FA, Althagafy HS. Nrf2/HO-1 as a therapeutic target in renal fibrosis. Life Sci 2023; 334:122209. [PMID: 37890696 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases and affects between 10 and 14 % of the world's population. The World Health Organization estimates that by 2040, the disease will be fifth in prevalence. End-stage CKD is characterized by renal fibrosis, which can eventually lead to kidney failure and death. Renal fibrosis develops due to multiple injuries and involves oxidative stress and inflammation. In the human body, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays an important role in the expression of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective genes, which prevents oxidative stress and inflammation damage. Heme oxygenase (HO-1) is an inducible homolog influenced by heme products and after exposure to cellular stress inducers such as oxidants, inflammatory chemokines/cytokines, and tissue damage as an outcome or downstream of Nrf2 activation. HO-1 is known for its antioxidative properties, which play an important role in regulating oxidative stress. In renal diseases-induced tissue fibrosis and xenobiotics-induced renal fibrosis, Nrf2/HO-1 has been targeted with promising results. This review summarizes these studies and highlights the interesting bioactive compounds that may assist in attenuating renal fibrosis mediated by HO-1 activation. In conclusion, Nrf2/HO-1 signal activation could have a renoprotective effect strategy against CKD caused by oxidative stress, inflammation, and consequent renal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Islam M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Esraa K Abd-Alhameed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Zeina W Sharawi
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima A Jaber
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan S Althagafy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fu H, Guo C, Zhang J, Xu L, Jiang S, Guo S, Sheng Q, Zhao J, Liao L. Associations between the polymorphisms of main components in PI3K/Akt pathway and risk of diabetic kidney disease: A meta-analysis. IUBMB Life 2023; 75:624-642. [PMID: 36856001 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a severe microvascular complication frequently associated with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The objective of this work was to evaluate the relevance of PI3K/Akt pathway polymorphisms and DKD susceptibility by a meta-analysis. METHODS Case-control studies related to the relationship between PI3K/Akt pathway polymorphisms and DKD risk were searched from Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, SINOMED, CNKI, and Wanfang databases. Statistical analysis and heterogeneity test were conducted by Review Manager 5.4. RESULTS Totally, 52 eligible studies were enrolled, including seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for four genes in the PI3K/AKT pathway (GNB3: rs5443; eNOS: rs1799983, rs869109213, rs2070744; IL-6: rs1800795, rs1800796; TNFα: rs1800629). The "M" allele of eNOS rs1799983 was related to the increased risk of DKD under random effects model, especially in Asian population (Overall:M vs. W: I2 = 75%, OR = 1.29, 95%CI 1.07-1.56; MM + WM vs. WW: I2 = 75%, OR = 1.50, 95%CI 1.21-1.86). The "M" allele of eNOS rs869109213 was implicated with higher prevalence of DKD under random effects model, especially in Asian population (Overall:M vs. W: I2 = 63%, OR = 1.43, 95%CI 1.22-1.68; MM + WM vs. WW: I2 = 50%, OR = 1.36, 95%CI 1.16-1.58; MM vs. WM + WW: I2 = 59%, OR = 2.20, 95%CI 1.41-3.43). The "M" allele of eNOS rs2070744 was implicated with higher prevalence of DKD under random effects model, especially in Indian population (Overall: M vs. W: I2 = 47%, OR = 1.35, 95%CI 1.15-1.59; MM + WM vs. WW: I2 = 45%, OR = 1.32, 95%CI 1.07-1.62; MM vs. WM + WW: I2 = 65%, OR = 2.29, 95%CI 1.39-3.77). The "M" allele of IL-6 rs1800796 was predominately associated with higher DKD risks under random effects model, especially in Asian population (Overall: M versus W: I2 = 23%, OR = 1.49, 95%CI 1.21-1.84; MM + WM vs. WW: I2 = 1%, OR = 1.43, 95%CI 1.15-1.77; MM + WM vs. WW: I2 = 71%, OR = 2.77, 95%CI 1.09-7.06). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis indicated that polymorphisms in the PI3K/Akt pathway in eNOS rs1799983, rs869109213, rs2070744, and IL-6 rs1800796 were related to the increased risk of DKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Fu
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Congcong Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Lusi Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Siyi Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiqi Sheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junyu Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Liao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ma Y, Deng Y, Li N, Dong A, Li H, Chen S, Zhang S, Zhang M. Network pharmacology analysis combined with experimental validation to explore the therapeutic mechanism of Schisandra Chinensis Mixture on diabetic nephropathy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115768. [PMID: 36280016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common and serious microvascular complications of Diabetes mellitus (DM). The inflammatory response plays a critical role in DN. Schisandra Chinensis Mixture (SM) has shown promising clinical efficacy in the treatment of DN while the pharmacological mechanisms are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, a network pharmacology approach and bioinformatic analysis were adopted to predict the pharmacological mechanisms of SM in DN therapy. Based on the predicted results, molecular docking and in vivo experiments were used for verification. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the candidate bioactive ingredients of SM were obtained via Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP) and supplementing according to the literature. SM putative targets and the verified targets were acquired from TCMSP and SiwssTartgetPrediction Database. DN-related target genes were collected from GeneCards, OMIM, DisGeNET databases, and microarray data analysis. Biological function and pathway analysis were performed to further explore the pharmacological mechanisms of SM in DN therapy. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established to screen the hub gene. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis and the molecular docking simulations were performed to validate the potential target-drug interactions. The fingerprint spectrum of multi-components of the SM was characterized by UPLC-MS/MS. The signaling pathways associated with inflammation and hub genes were partially validated in SD rats. RESULTS A total of 36 bioactive ingredients were contained, and 666 component-related targets were screened from SM, of which 50 intersected with DN targets and were considered potential therapeutic targets. GO analyses revealed that the 50 intersection targets were mainly enriched in the inflammatory response, positive regulation of angiogenesis, and positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K) signaling. KEGG analyses indicated that the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway was considered as the most important pathway for SM antagonism to the occurrence and development of DN, with the highest target count enrichment. PPI network results showed that the top 15 protein targets in degree value, VEGFA, JAK2, CSF1R, NOS3, CCR2, CCR5, TLR7, FYN, BTK, LCK, PLAT, NOS2, TEK, MMP1 and MCL1, were identified as hub genes. The results of ROC analysis showed that VEGFA and NOS3 were valuable in the diagnosis of DN. The molecular docking confirmed that the core bioactive ingredients had well-binding affinity for VEGFA and NOS3. The in vivo experiments confirmed that SM significantly inhibited the over-release of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF)-α in DN rats, while regulating the PI3K-AKT and VEGFA-NOS3 signaling pathways. CONCLUSION This study revealed the multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway characteristics of SM therapeutic DN. SM inhibited the inflammatory response and improved renal pathological damage in DN rats, which was related to the regulation of the PI3K-Akt and VEGFA-NOS3 signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ma
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Deng
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Na Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Ao Dong
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Hongdian Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Shu Chen
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Sai Zhang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Mianzhi Zhang
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China; Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300120, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen XM, Lin GX, Wang X, Ma HY, Wang RS, Wang SM, Tang D. Beneficial effects of ginsenosides on diabetic nephropathy: A systematical review and meta-analysis of preclinical evidence. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115860. [PMID: 36341813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ginseng is one of the most widely used herbs in the world for the treatment of various diseases, and ginsenoside is the representative bioactive component in ginseng. There have been many in vivo studies on ginsenoside for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN), the most common diabetic microvascular complication and the main cause of diabetic morbidity and mortality. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of ginsenosides on DN by preclinical evidence and meta-analysis. Meanwhile, the main possible action mechanisms of ginsenosides against DN were also summarized. MATERIALS AND METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, WOS, Embase, Cochrane, WanFang, Cqvip, CNKI and CBM databases from January 1, 2000, to November 15, 2021, to evaluate the animal experiments of ginsenosides for the treatment of DN. Finally, 30 animal experiments were included. Twelve outcome measures, including renal function indicators (24-h urine protein, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, creatinine clearance, uric acid, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio), oxidative stress biomarkers (GPX, MDA, SOD), inflammatory factors (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α) were obtained by using RevMan 5.4 software for meta-analysis. RESULTS The results showed that except for no significant difference in CCr, other indicators such as 24h UP, SCr, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid and UACR were significantly decreased. It showed that ginsenoside could improve renal function in diabetes. Meanwhile ginsenoside significantly up-regulated antioxidant enzymes SOD and GPX, down-regulated MDA and inflammatory factors IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α, indicating that ginsenoside may have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. CONCLUSION Ginsenoside can protect against the renal failure in diabetes through anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-renal fibrosis, anti-apoptosis/pyroptosis, regulation of blood glucose/lipid metabolism, etc. Which provides preclinical evidence for the application of ginsenoside in the treatment of DN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Mei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Gui-Xuan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hong-Yan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ru-Shang Wang
- Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Shu-Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Dan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Network pharmacology and molecular docking technology-based predictive study of the active ingredients and potential targets of rhubarb for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:210. [PMID: 35932042 PMCID: PMC9356435 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03662-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes and the main cause of end-stage renal failure. Rhubarb is a widely used traditional Chinese herb, and it has exhibited efficacy in reducing proteinuria, lowering blood sugar levels and improving kidney function in patients with DN. However, the exact pharmacological mechanism by rhubarb improves DN remain unclear due to the complexity of its ingredients. Hence, we systematically explored the underlying mechanisms of rhubarb in the treatment of DN. We adopted a network pharmacology approach, focusing on the identification of active ingredients, drug target prediction, gene collection, Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment. Molecular docking technology was used to verify the binding ability between the main active compounds and central therapeutic targets, and screen out the core active ingredients in rhubarb for the treatment of DN. Finally, molecular dynamics simulation was performed for the optimal core protein-ligand obtained by molecular docking using GROMACS software. The network analysis identified 16 active compounds in rhubarb that were linked to 37 possible therapeutic targets related to DN. Through protein–protein interaction analysis, TP53, CASP8, CASP3, MYC, JUN and PTGS2 were identified as the key therapeutic targets. By validation of molecular docking, finding that the central therapeutic targets have good affinities with the main active compounds of rhubarb, and rhein, beta-sitosterol and aloe-emodin were identified as the core active ingredients in rhubarb for the treatment of DN. Results from molecular dynamics simulations showed that TP53 and aloe-emodin bound very stably with a binding free energy of − 26.98 kcal/mol between the two. The results of the gene enrichment analysis revealed that the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway, p53 signalling pathway, AGE-RAGE signalling pathway and MAPK signalling pathway might be the key pathways for the treatment of DN, and these pathways were involved in podocyte apoptosis, glomerular mesangial cell proliferation, inflammation and renal fibrosis. Based on the network pharmacology approach and molecular docking technology, we successfully predicted the active compounds and their respective targets. In addition, we illustrated the molecular mechanisms that mediate the therapeutic effects of rhubarb against DN. These findings provided an important scientific basis for further research of the mechanism of rhubarb in the treatment of DN.
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang R, Xu S, Zhang X, Zheng X, Liu Y, Jiang C, Liu J, Shang X, Fang S, Zhang J, Yin Z, Pan K. Cyclocarya paliurus triterpenoids attenuate glomerular endothelial injury in the diabetic rats via ROCK pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 291:115127. [PMID: 35219820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinskaja. (C. paliurus) is a distinctive traditional Chinese herb, with remarkable hypoglycemic capacity. Emerging evidence suggested that glomerular endothelial injury is a crucial pathological process of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Our previous research found that C. paliurus triterpenoids fraction (CPT) has ameliorative effects on DKD. However, whether C. paliurus could counteract the glomerular endothelial injury of DKD is still undefined. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to investigate the effects of CPT on glomerular endothelial function and explore its underlying mechanisms with in vivo and in vitro experiments. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects and possible mechanisms of CPT on glomerular endothelial injury in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and H2O2-challenged primary rat glomerular endothelial cells were successively investigated. RESULTS In vivo, we found that CPT treatment obviously decreased the levels of blood glucose, microalbumin, BUN and mesangial expansion. Additionally, CPT could ameliorate renal endothelium function by reducing the content of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, and blocking the loss of glycocalyx. In vitro, CPT could also alleviate H2O2-induced endothelial injury. Mechanistically, CPT remarkably increased the phosphorylation levels of Akt and eNOS, decreased the expression of ROCK and Arg2in vivo and in vitro. Noticeably, the favorable effects mediated by CPT were abolished following ROCK overexpression with plasmid transfection. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that CPT could be sufficient to protect against glomerular endothelial injury in DKD through regulating ROCK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, China; Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Susu Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, China
| | - Xuanxuan Zhang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Xian Zheng
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Cuihua Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Jianjing Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Xulan Shang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Shengzuo Fang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China.
| | - Zhiqi Yin
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Ke Pan
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gao Y, Ma Y, Xie D, Jiang H. ManNAc protects against podocyte pyroptosis via inhibiting mitochondrial damage and ROS/NLRP3 signaling pathway in diabetic kidney injury model. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 107:108711. [PMID: 35338958 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Podocyte pyroptosis is an inflammatory form of cell death associated with Diabetic nephropathy (DN). It is reported that hyposialylated Angiopoietin-like-4 (Angptl4) secreted by glomerular podocytes plays an important role in the formation of proteinuria. Previous study indicated that supplementation of sialic acid precursor N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) could inhibit podocyte apoptosis and actin cytoskeleton rearrangement. Nevertheless, whether ManNAc could improve diabetic kidney damage by inhibiting podocyte pyroptosis remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effect of ManNAc therapy on alleviating diabetic renal injury and podocyte pyroptosis, and its possible mechanism was also figured out. The male 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups: control group, Streptozocin (STZ)-induced DN group, and ManNAc treated diabetic group. Then, the changes in renal function, renal histopathology, podocyte pyroptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial dysfunction were measured. Herein, we observed that the upregulated expression of Angptl4 was involved in podocyte injury. ManNAc treatment ameliorated podocyte ultrastructure, renal function, and renal histopathology in STZ-induced DN mice. In addition, ManNAc administration attenuated podocyte cell death and suppressed the activation of Nucleotide leukin-rich polypeptide 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and the cleavage of gasdermin-D (GSDMD). Moreover, ManNAc inhibited ROS production and restored mitochondrial morphology in vivo and vitro. Further, ManNAc administration significantly alleviated podocyte pyroptosis through inhibiting ROS/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Therefore, these results elucidated that the upregulated expression of Angptl4 was involved in podocyte injury and ManNAc treatment protected against podocyte pyroptosis via inhibiting mitochondrial injury and ROS/NLRP3 signaling pathway in DN mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Gao
- Department of General Practice, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China; Department of General Practice, Kongjiang Community Health Service Center, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yanli Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Di Xie
- Emergency Department, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of General Practice, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang S, Li J, Nong X, Zhan Y, Xu J, Zhao D, Ma C, Wang Y, Li Y, Li Z, Li J. Artesunate Combined With Metformin Ameliorate on Diabetes-Induced Xerostomia by Mitigating Superior Salivatory Nucleus and Salivary Glands Injury in Type 2 Diabetic Rats via the PI3K/AKT Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:774674. [PMID: 34987398 PMCID: PMC8722737 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.774674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Polydipsia and xerostomia are the most common complications that seriously affect oral health in patients with diabetes. However, to date, there is no effective treatment for diabetic xerostomia. Recent studies have reported that artesunate (ART) and metformin (Met) improve salivary gland (SG) hypofunction in murine Sjögren's syndrome. Therefore, aim of this study was to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of artesunate (ART) alone and in combination with metformin (Met) on hyposalivation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. T2DM rats were induced using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. SPF male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following five groups: normal control group, untreated diabetic group, ART-treated diabetic group (50 mg/kg), Met-treated diabetic group (150 mg/kg), and ART/Met co-treated diabetic group (50 mg/kg ART and 150 mg/kg Met). ART and Met were intragastrically administered daily for 4 weeks. The general conditions, diabetes parameters and serum lipids were evaluated after drug treatment. Furthermore, we observed changes in the central superior salivatory nucleus (SSN) and SG, and changes in the AQP5 expression, parasympathetic innervation (AChE and BDNF expression), and PI3K/AKT pathway- (p-AKT, and p-PI3K), apoptosis- (Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase3), and autophagy- (LC3 and P62) related markers expression in T2DM rats after treatment. Our results showed that ART or Met alone and ART/Met combination attenuated a range of diabetic symptoms, including weight loss, urine volume increase, water consumption increase, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and dyslipidemia. More importantly, we found that these three treatments, especially ART/Met combination, mitigated hyposalivation in the T2DM rats via improving the central SSN and SGs damage in hyperglycemia. Our data also indicated that ART/Met attenuated SG damage though regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway to inhibit apoptosis and autophagy of SGs in the T2DM rats. Moreover, ART/Met preserved parasympathetic innervation (AChE and BDNF expression) in SGs to alleviate diabetes-induced hyposalivation likely through rescuing central SSN damage. Taken together, these findings might provide a novel rationale and treatment strategy for future treatment of diabetes-induced xerostomia in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqin Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaolin Nong
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, China
| | - Yuxiang Zhan
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiazhi Xu
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Danni Zhao
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chubin Ma
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yixing Li
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhan Li
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiaquan Li
- Medical Science Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Du F, Huang H, Cao Y, Ran Y, Wu Q, Chen B. Notoginsenoside R1 Protects Against High Glucose-Induced Cell Injury Through AMPK/Nrf2 and Downstream HO-1 Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:791643. [PMID: 34926469 PMCID: PMC8672164 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.791643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), the primary bioactive compound found in Panax notoginseng, is believed to have antihypertrophic and antiapoptotic properties, and has long been used to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases. However, its potential role in prevention of diabetic cardiomyopathy remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of NGR1 action in high glucose-induced cell injury. H9c2 cardiomyocytes were cultured in a high-glucose medium as an in-vitro model, and apoptotic cells were visualized using TUNEL staining. Expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 was measured using Western blotting or reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The Nrf2 small interfering (si) RNA was transfected into cardiomyocytes using Opti-MEM containing Lipofectamine® RNAiMAX. NGR1 protected H9c2 cardiomyocytes from cell death, apoptosis and hypertrophy induced by high glucose concentration. Expression of auricular natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide was remarkably reduced in NGR1-treated H9C2 cells. Western blot analysis showed that high glucose concentration markedly inhibited AMPK, Nrf2 and HO-1, and this could be reversed by NGR1 treatment. However, the cardioprotective effect of NGR1 was attenuated by compound C, which reverses Nrf2 and HO-1 expression levels, suggesting that AMPK upregulates Nrf2 and HO-1 gene expression, protein synthesis and secretion. Transfection of H9C2 cells with Nrf2 siRNA markedly reduced the cardioprotective effect of NGR1 via reduced expression of HO-1. These results indicated that NGR1 attenuated high glucose-induced cell injury via AMPK/Nrf2 signaling and its downstream target, the HO-1 pathway. We conclude that the cardioprotective effects of NGR1 result from upregulation of AMPK/Nrf2 signaling and HO-1 expression in cardiomyocytes. Our findings suggest that NGR1 treatment might provide a novel therapy for diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fawang Du
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Huiling Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yalin Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Ran
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Baolin Chen
- Nanmingtang Clinic, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li Y, Xu Y, Hou Y, Li R. Construction and Bioinformatics Analysis of the miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network in Diabetic Nephropathy. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:8161701. [PMID: 34840704 PMCID: PMC8616647 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8161701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background MicroRNA (miRNA) has been confirmed to be involved in the occurrence, development, and prevention of diabetic nephropathy (DN), but its mechanism of action is still unclear. Objective With the help of the GEO database, bioinformatics methods are used to explore the miRNA-mRNA regulatory relationship pairs related to diabetic nephropathy and explain their potential mechanisms of action. Methods The DN-related miRNA microarray dataset (GSE51674) and mRNA expression dataset (GSE30122) are downloaded through the GEO database, online analysis tool GEO2R is used for data differential expression analysis, TargetScan, miRTarBase, and miRDB databases are used to predict potential downstream target genes regulated by differentially expressed miRNAs, and intersection with differential genes is used to obtain candidate target genes. According to the regulatory relationship between miRNA and mRNA, the miRNA-mRNA relationship pair is clarified, and the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network is constructed using Cytoscape. DAVID is used to perform GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis of candidate target genes. By GeneMANIA prediction of miRNA target genes and coexpressed genes, the protein interaction network is constructed. Results and Conclusions. A total of 67 differentially expressed miRNAs were screened in the experiment, of which 42 were upregulated and 25 were downregulated; a total of 448 differentially expressed mRNAs were screened, of which 93 were upregulated and 355 were downregulated. Using TargetScan, miRTarBase, and miRDB databases to predict downstream targets of differentially expressed miRNAs, 2283 downstream target genes coexisting in 3 databases were predicted to intersect with differentially expressed mRNAs to obtain 96 candidate target genes. Finally, 44 miRNA-mRNA relationship pairs consisting of 12 differentially expressed miRNAs and 27 differentially expressed mRNAs were screened out; further analysis showed that miRNA regulatory network genes may participate in the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy through PI3K/Akt, ECM-receptor interaction pathway, and RAS signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yameng Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Yukun Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, China
| | - Yawei Hou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Network Pharmacology Combined with Bioinformatics to Investigate the Mechanisms and Molecular Targets of Astragalus Radix-Panax notoginseng Herb Pair on Treating Diabetic Nephropathy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9980981. [PMID: 34349833 PMCID: PMC8328704 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9980981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Astragalus Radix (AR)-Panax notoginseng (PN), a classical herb pair, has shown significant effects in treating diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the intrinsic mechanism of AR-PN treating DN is still unclear. This study aims to illustrate the mechanism and molecular targets of AR-PN treating DN based on network pharmacology combined with bioinformatics. Materials and Methods The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database was used to screen bioactive ingredients of AR-PN. Subsequently, putative targets of bioactive ingredients were predicted utilizing the DrugBank database and converted into genes on UniProtKB database. DN-related targets were retrieved via analyzing published microarray data (GSE30528) from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Protein-protein interaction networks of AR-PN putative targets and DN-related targets were established to identify candidate targets using Cytoscape 3.8.0. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of candidate targets were reflected using a plugin ClueGO of Cytoscape. Molecular docking was performed using AutoDock Vina software, and the results were visualized by Pymol software. The diagnostic capacity of hub genes was verified by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Twenty-two bioactive ingredients and 189 putative targets of AR-PN were obtained. Eight hundred and fifty differently expressed genes related to DN were screened. The PPI network showed that 115 candidate targets of AR-PN against DN were identified. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that candidate targets of AR-PN against DN were mainly involved in the apoptosis, oxidative stress, cell cycle, and inflammation response, regulating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, cell cycle, and MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, MAPK1, AKT1, GSK3B, CDKN1A, TP53, RELA, MYC, GRB2, JUN, and EGFR were considered as the core potential therapeutic targets. Molecular docking demonstrated that these core targets had a great binding affinity with quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, and formononetin components. ROC curve analysis showed that AKT1, TP53, RELA, JUN, CDKN1A, and EGFR are effective in discriminating DN from controls. Conclusions AR-PN against DN may exert its renoprotective effects via various bioactive chemicals and the related pharmacological pathways, involving multiple molecular targets, which may be a promising herb pair treating DN. Nevertheless, these results should be further validated by experimental evidence.
Collapse
|
16
|
Liu BH, Tu Y, Ni GX, Yan J, Yue L, Li ZL, Wu JJ, Cao YT, Wan ZY, Sun W, Wan YG. Total Flavones of Abelmoschus manihot Ameliorates Podocyte Pyroptosis and Injury in High Glucose Conditions by Targeting METTL3-Dependent m 6A Modification-Mediated NLRP3-Inflammasome Activation and PTEN/PI3K/Akt Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:667644. [PMID: 34335245 PMCID: PMC8319635 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.667644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The total flavones of Abelmoschus manihot (TFA), a compound that is extracted from Abelmoschus manihot, has been widely used in China to reduce podocyte injury in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic action of this compound have yet to be elucidated. Podocyte pyroptosis is characterized by activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and plays an important role in inflammation-mediated diabetic kidneys. Regulation of the PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway is an effective strategy for improving podocyte damage in DKD. Previous research has also shown that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is involved in DKD and that m6A-modified PTEN regulates the PI3K/Akt pathway. In this study, we investigated whether TFA alleviates podocyte pyroptosis and injury by targeting m6A modification-mediated NLRP3-inflammasome activation and PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling. Methods: We used MPC-5 cells under high glucose (HG) conditions to investigate the key molecules that are involved in podocyte pyroptosis and injury, including activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway. We detected alterations in the levels of three methyltransferases that are involved in m6A modification. We also investigated changes in the levels of these key molecules in podocytes with the overexpression or knockdown of methyltransferase-like (METTL)3. Results: Analysis showed that TFA and MCC950 protected podocytes against HG-induced pyroptosis and injury by reducing the protein expression levels of gasdermin D, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-18, and by increasing the protein expression levels of nephrin, ZO-1, WT1 and podocalyxin. TFA and 740Y-P inhibited activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome via the PI3K/Akt pathway by inhibiting the protein levels of NIMA-related kinase7, NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1, and by increasing the protein expression levels of p-PI3K and p-Akt. TFA improved pyroptosis and injury in HG-stimulated podocytes by regulating METTL3-dependent m6A modification. Conclusion: Collectively, our data indicated that TFA could ameliorate pyroptosis and injury in podocytes under HG conditions by adjusting METTL3-dependent m6A modification and regulating NLRP3-inflammasome activation and PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling. This study provides a better understanding of how TFA can protect podocytes in DKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bu-Hui Liu
- Nephrology Division, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Tu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Preservation, Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Massage College, Health Preservation and Rehabilitation College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guang-Xia Ni
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Preservation, Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Massage College, Health Preservation and Rehabilitation College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Yan
- Nephrology Division, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Yue
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Preservation, Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Massage College, Health Preservation and Rehabilitation College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zi-Lin Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Preservation, Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Massage College, Health Preservation and Rehabilitation College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Preservation, Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Massage College, Health Preservation and Rehabilitation College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Ting Cao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Preservation, Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Massage College, Health Preservation and Rehabilitation College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zi-Yue Wan
- Graduate School of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wei Sun
- Nephrology Division, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Gang Wan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zheng X, Zhong Q, Lin X, Gu X, Ling X, Liang Z, Qin Q, Du X. Transforming growth factor-β1-induced podocyte injury is associated with increased microRNA-155 expression, enhanced inflammatory responses and MAPK pathway activation. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:620. [PMID: 33936277 PMCID: PMC8082603 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) is associated with various diseases. However, the potential role of miR-155 in early glomerular disease (EGD) remains elusive. In the present study, the clinical significance of urinary miR-155 expression was explored in patients with EGD using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Conditionally immortalized mouse podocytes were cultured in vitro and treated with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) at different concentrations and durations. The gene expression levels of mRNAs and miR-155 were detected using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Synaptopodin, CD2-associated protein (CD2AP), p38, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) 1/2 expressions were detected using western blotting. Cell supernatants were collected for assaying tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 concentrations using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between miR-155 levels and TNF-α or IL-6. It was found that miR-155 levels in urine have high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of EGD. Time- and dose-dependent TGF-β1 treatments downregulated synaptopodin and CD2AP expression levels, and activated the p38 and Erk 1/2 pathway. However, these effects were attenuated by p38 and Erk 1/2 phosphorylation inhibitors. Additionally, TNF-α and IL-6 secretions were elevated, and their concentrations were positively correlated with the expression of miR-155 during podocyte injury. Thus, the present study indicated that miR-155 is a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of EGD, and its expression is associated with the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in TGF-β1-induced podocyte injury. The present study suggests that the TGF-β1/miR-155/MAPK axis is a novel target in the mechanism of EGD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Qiuhong Zhong
- Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Xianjun Gu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Ling
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Liang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Qing Qin
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Xiuri Du
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yang X, Wu S, Feng Z, Yi G, Zheng Y, Xia Z. Combination therapy with semaglutide and rosiglitazone as a synergistic treatment for diabetic retinopathy in rodent animals. Life Sci 2021; 269:119013. [PMID: 33417950 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.119013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective efficacies and potent mechanisms of combination therapy with semaglutide and rosiglitazone (RSG) on the high-glucose incubated human ARPE-19 cells and diabetic retinopathy (DR) model rats. MAIN METHODS The CCK-8 methods were used to evaluate the protective effects of semaglutide and RSG alone or combination on the cell viability of high-glucose treated ARPE-19 cells. After the DR rat model was established, the effects of combined treatment on general indexes, retinal morphological changes, retinal Müller cells as well as PI3K/Akt/MTOR related factors of DR model rats were investigated. RESULTS The CCK-8 assay showed obviously enhanced protective efficacies of combination therapy with semaglutide and RSG on the ARPE-19 with oxidative stress induced by high-glucose with combination index all below 1.5 demonstrating obvious synergistic effects. Combined incubation could also effectively decrease the expression of inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and the increase of ROS content in ARPE cell culture supernatant induced by high-glucose. Combined use of the antioxidant, PI3K/Akt and mTOR inhibitors, we further demonstrated that combined incubation of semaglutide and RSG could effectively by reduce high glucose-induced inflammatory injury inhibiting ROS/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling. Furthermore, chronic combination treatment effectively improved the histopathological characteristics and down-regulated the GFAP expression in Müller cells as well as PI3K/Akt/MTOR signaling pathway-related factors in retina which was better than any monomer treatment group. CONCLUSIONS Combined semaglutide with RSG exhibited synergistically protective efficacies on retinal cells by decreasing the GFAP expression, inhibiting oxidative stress and PI3K/Akt/MTOR signaling-transduction in DR model rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 51000, PR China
| | - Shuduan Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 51000, PR China
| | - Zhizhen Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 51000, PR China
| | - Guoguo Yi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 51000, PR China
| | - Yuxing Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 51000, PR China
| | - Zhaoxia Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 51000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sun B, Zhai S, Zhang L, Sun G. The role of extracellular vesicles in podocyte autophagy in kidney disease. J Cell Commun Signal 2021; 15:299-316. [PMID: 33619681 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-020-00594-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Podocytes are the key cells involved in protein filtration in the glomerulus. Once proteins appear in the urine when podocytes fail, patients will end with renal failure due to the progression of glomerular damage if no proper treatment is applied. The injury and loss of podocytes can be attributed to diverse factors, such as genetic, immunologic, toxic, or metabolic disorders. Recently, autophagy has emerged as a key mechanism to eliminate the unwanted cytoplasmic materials and to prolong the lifespan of podocytes by alleviating cell damage and stress. Typically, the fundamental function of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is to mediate the intercellular communication. Recent studies have suggested that, EVs, especially exosomes, play a certain role in information transfer by communicating proteins, mRNAs, and microRNAs with recipient cells. Under physiological and pathological conditions, EVs assist in the bioinformation interchange between kidneys and other organs. It is suggested that EVs are related to the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, including glomerular disease, diabetic nephropathy, renal fibrosis and end-stage renal disease. However, the role of EVs in podocyte autophagy remains unclear so far. Here, this study integrated the existing information about the relevancy, diagnostic value and therapeutic potential of EVs in a variety of podocytes-related diseases. The accumulating evidence highlighted that autophagy played a critical role in the homeostasis of podocytes in glomerular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baichao Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 ZiQiang Street, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shubo Zhai
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangdong Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 ZiQiang Street, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zizzi CF, Pellicano R, Biancone L. The relationship between Helicobacter pylori and chronic kidney disease: update 2020. MINERVA GASTROENTERO 2020; 66:343-349. [PMID: 32623870 DOI: 10.23736/s1121-421x.20.02729-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A number of studies has confirmed that the epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori is changing worldwide, with a decrease especially in developed countries. Nevertheless, since this gram-negative bacterium infects almost 50% of the world's population, it remains a global problem. Beyond its role in the pathogenesis of the main gastroduodenal diseases, including gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer, Helicobacter pylori has been suspected to be involved in several extra-gastroduodenal disorders. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) present gastric mucosal injuries and dyspepsia more often than the general population. However, the reported relationship between CKD and Helicobacter pylori infection is conflicting. In fact, in this population these conditions have a multifactorial pathogenesis and Helicobacter pylori infection could play a limited role in their development. Nevertheless, while it seems that the prevalence of the bacterium is lower in patients with CKD than in controls, Helicobacter pylori has been shown to be associated to an increased occurrence of proteinuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This narrative review analyzes the results of recent literature in this field with particular focus on data reported by meta-analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta F Zizzi
- A. Vercellone Renal Transplantation Center, Division of Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation, Department of Medical Sciences, Molinette Hospital, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy -
| | - Rinaldo Pellicano
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Molinette Hospital, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Luigi Biancone
- A. Vercellone Renal Transplantation Center, Division of Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation, Department of Medical Sciences, Molinette Hospital, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Xiao D, Yang R, Gong L, Zhang Y, Xie Y, Ni S. Plantamajoside inhibits high glucose-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and extracellular matrix accumulation in rat glomerular mesangial cells through the inactivation of Akt/NF-κB pathway. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 41:45-52. [PMID: 32605460 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1784939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangxi Pingxiang People’s Hospital, Pingxiang, PR China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Li Gong
- Department of Laboratory, Qidong City People’s Hospital, Qidong, PR China
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangxi Pingxiang People’s Hospital, Pingxiang, PR China
| | - Yongli Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangxi Pingxiang People’s Hospital, Pingxiang, PR China
| | - Shenjue Ni
- Department of Laboratory, Qidong City People’s Hospital, Qidong, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu H, Yang J, Yang W, Hu S, Wu Y, Zhao B, Hu H, Du S. Focus on Notoginsenoside R1 in Metabolism and Prevention Against Human Diseases. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:551-565. [PMID: 32103897 PMCID: PMC7012233 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s240511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Notoginsenoside (NG)-R1 is one of the main bioactive compounds from Panax notoginseng (PN) root, which is well known in the prescription for mediating the micro-circulatory hemostasis in human. In this article, we mainly discuss NG-R1 in metabolism and the biological activities, including cardiovascular protection, neuro-protection, anti-diabetes, liver protection, gastrointestinal protection, lung protection, bone metabolism regulation, renal protection, and anti-cancer. The metabolites produced by deglycosylation of NG-R1 exhibit higher permeability and bioavailability. It has been extensively verified that NG-R1 may ameliorate ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced injury in cardiovascular and neuronal systems mainly by upregulating the activity of estrogen receptor α-dependent phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathways and downregulating nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. However, no specific targets for NG-R1 have been identified. Expectedly, NG-R1 has been used as a main bioactive compound in many Traditional Chinese Medicines clinically, such as Xuesaitong, Naodesheng, XueShuanTong, ShenMai, and QSYQ. These suggest that NG-R1 exhibits a significant potency in drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqiong Yang
- Department of Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanqing Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaonan Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yali Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouying Du
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zheng J, Zhang S, Chen H, Cai X, Zhang C, Li S, Zhou Y, Shang J, Liang S, Yao F. Protosappanin-A and oleanolic acid protect injured podocytes from apoptosis through inhibition of AKT-mTOR signaling. Cell Biol Int 2020; 44:189-199. [PMID: 31441181 PMCID: PMC6973098 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Protosappanin-A (PrA) and oleanolic acid (OA), which are important effective ingredients isolated from Caesalpinia sappan L., exhibit therapeutic potential in multiple diseases. This study focused on exploring the mechanisms of PrA and OA function in podocyte injury. An in vitro model of podocyte injury was induced by the sC5b-9 complex and assays such as cell viability, apoptosis, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blot were performed to further investigate the effects and mechanisms of PrA and OA in podocyte injury. The models of podocyte injury were verified to be successful as seen through significantly decreased levels of nephrin, podocin, and CD2AP and increased level of desmin. The sC5b-9-induced podocyte apoptosis was inhibited in injured podocytes treated with PrA and OA, accompanied by increased protein levels of nephrin, podocin, CD2AP, and Bcl2 and decreased levels of desmin and Bax. The p-AKT/p-mTOR levels were also reduced by treatment of PrA and OA while AKT/mTOR was unaltered. Further, the effects of PrA and OA on injured podocytes were similar to that of LY294002 (a PI3K-AKT inhibitor). PrA and OA were also seen to inhibit podocyte apoptosis and p-AKT/p-mTOR levels induced by IGF-1 (a PI3K-AKT activator). Our data demonstrate that PrA and OA can protect podocytes from injury or apoptosis, which may occur through inhibition of the abnormal activation of AKT-mTOR signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zheng
- Department of NephrologyHeilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineHarbinHeilongjiang150036PR China
| | - Shoulin Zhang
- Department of NephrologyThe Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunJilin130021PR China
| | - Huijun Chen
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Hospital Affiliated Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHarbinHeilongjiang150009PR China
| | - Xiaojun Cai
- Department of NephrologyHeilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineHarbinHeilongjiang150036PR China
| | - Chunjian Zhang
- Department of NephrologyHeilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineHarbinHeilongjiang150036PR China
| | - Shuhua Li
- Department of NephrologyHeilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineHarbinHeilongjiang150036PR China
| | - Yabin Zhou
- Department of CardiologyThe First Hospital Affiliated Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHarbinHeilongjiang150040PR China
| | - Jing Shang
- Department of NephrologyHeilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineHarbinHeilongjiang150036PR China
| | - Shunyu Liang
- Department of NephrologyHeilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineHarbinHeilongjiang150036PR China
| | - Fengzhen Yao
- Department of NephrologyHeilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHarbinHeilongjiang150040PR China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wei H, Li J, Li Y, Song J. MicroRNA-451 inhibits inflammation and proliferation of glomerular mesangial cells through down-regulating PSMD11 and NF-κB p65. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20191455. [PMID: 31652441 PMCID: PMC6822504 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20191455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the regulatory roles of microRNA-451 (miR-451) on the inflammation and proliferation of glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) under high-glucose condition, and reveal the potential mechanisms related to 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 11 (PSMD11) and nuclear factor-κ B (NF-κB) signaling. The interaction between PSMD11 and miR-451 was identified by dual luciferase reporter (DLR) gene assay. GMCs were treated with 5.6 mmol/l (normal, L-GMCs) and 30 mmol/l glucose (high-glucose, H-GMCs), respectively. After transfecting with pcDNA3.1-PSMD11 and/or miR-451 mimics, the expression of miR-451, PSMD11, inhibitor of NF-κB α (IκBα), phosphorylated IκBα (p-IκBα), NF-κB p65, COX-2, and cyclinD1 were detected in H-GMCs by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and/or Western blot. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, cell cycle, and viability was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, and MTT assay, respectively. MiR-451 was up-regulated in H-GMCs, and negatively regulated its target PSMD11 (P<0.05). H-GMCs exhibited significantly higher levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, cell viability, and p-IκBα, NF-κB, COX-2, and cyclinD1 expression than L-GMCs (P<0.05). The transfection of miR-451 mimics significantly decreased the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, inhibited the cell viability via blocking cells in G0/G1 phase, and down-regulated p-IκBα, NF-κB p65, COX-2, and cyclinD1 in H-GMCs (P<0.05). The regulatory effects of miR-451 mimics on H-GMCs were reversed by the transfection of PSMD11 (P<0.05). The up-regulation of miR-451 inhibits the inflammation and proliferation of H-GMCs through down-regulating PSMD11 and NF-κB p65.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Shouguang People’s Hospital, No. 1233, Jiankang Street, Shouguang City, Shandong Province 262700, China
| | - Jianzhou Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Caoxian People’s Hospital, East Qinghe Road, South Fumin Avenue, Caoxian Development Zone, Heze City 274400, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yanhua Li
- Department of Medical, The First People’s Hospital of Jinan City, No. 132, Daminghu Road, Lixia District, Jinan City 250011, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No. 107, Wenhua West Road, Jinan City 250012, Shandong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ginsenoside Rb1 Attenuates High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Injury via the NAD-PARP-SIRT Axis in Rat Retinal Capillary Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194936. [PMID: 31590397 PMCID: PMC6801419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Aims: The present study aimed to observe the effects of Ginsenoside Rb1 on high glucose-induced endothelial damage in rat retinal capillary endothelial cells (RCECs) and to investigate the underlying mechanism. (2) Methods: Cultured RCECs were treated with normal glucose (5.5 mM), high glucose (30 mM glucose), or high glucose plus Rb1 (20 μM). Cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, the mitochondrial DNA copy number, and the intracellular ROS content were measured to evaluate the cytotoxicity. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX), poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and sirtuin (SIRT) activity was studied in cell extracts. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/NADH, NADPH/NADP+, and glutathione (GSH)/GSSG levels were measured to evaluate the redox state. The expression of nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1 (NMNAT1), SIRT1, and SIRT3 was also evaluated after Rb1 treatment. (3) Results: Treatment with Rb1 significantly increased the cell viability and mtDNA copy number, and inhibited ROS generation. Rb1 treatment increased the activity of SOD and CAT and reduced the activity of NOX and PARP. Moreover, Rb1 enhanced both SIRT activity and SIRT1/SIRT3 expression. Additionally, Rb1 was able to re-establish the cellular redox balance in RCECs. However, Rb1 showed no effect on NMNAT1 expression in RCECs exposed to high glucose. (4) Conclusion: Under high glucose conditions, decreases in the reducing power may be linked to DNA oxidative damage and apoptosis via activation of the NMNAT-NAD-PARP-SIRT axis. Rb1 provides an advantage during high glucose-induced cell damage by targeting the NAD-PARP-SIRT signaling pathway and modulating the redox state in RCECs.
Collapse
|
26
|
Chen X, Wei R, Jin T, Du H. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Notoginsenoside R1 alleviates TNF-α-induced pancreatic β-cell Min6 apoptosis and dysfunction through up-regulation of miR-29a. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2379-2388. [PMID: 31184222 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1624368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiabo Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, China
| | - Renxiong Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo China
| | - Tinglong Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, China
| | - Hanguang Du
- Department of Endocrinology, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Notoginsenoside R1 protects human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory damage by up-regulation of miR-26a. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 308:364-371. [PMID: 31158334 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) is the main saponin isolated from the roots of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen (Araliaceae). This study explored the protective effects of NGR1 on human renal proximal tubular epithelial cell inflammatory damage caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as well as possible internal molecular mechanisms. METHODS Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed using CCK-8 assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection kit, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was tested using DCFH-DA staining. qRT-PCR was used to measure microRNA-26a (miR-26a), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) expressions. miRNA transfection was conducted to knock down miR-26a. The protein expression levels of key molecules related to cell apoptosis, inflammatory response and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway were detected using western blotting. RESULTS LPS stimulation caused human renal proximal tubular epithelial cell viability reduction, apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines expression. NGR1 treatment protected human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells from LPS-caused viability reduction, ROS level elevation, apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines expression. Mechanistically, NGR1 enhanced miR-26a expression in LPS-treated human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Knockdown of miR-26a reversed the protective effect of NGR1 on LPS-treated cells. Besides, NGR1 inactivated NF-κB pathway in LPS-treated human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells via up-regulating miR-26a. CONCLUSION NGR1 protected human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells from LPS-caused inflammatory damage at least partially via up-regulating miR-26a and then inactivating NF-κB pathway.
Collapse
|
28
|
The role of extracellular vesicles in renal fibrosis. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:367. [PMID: 31068572 PMCID: PMC6506498 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1605-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
As a particularly important mediator of intercellular communication, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been proved to be extensively involved in various system diseases over the past two decades, including in renal diseases. As is well-known, renal fibrosis is the common pathological process of any ongoing renal disease or adaptive repair of kidney injury based on current knowledge. Although much work has been performed focusing on EVs in various renal diseases, the role of EVs in renal fibrosis has not been described in detail and summarized. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the definition, classification and biological process of EVs. Then, the potential mechanisms of EVs in renal fibrosis are illustrated. Lastly, recent advances in EVs and the implications of EVs for diagnosis and therapy in renal fibrosis disease are introduced. We look forward to a more comprehensive understanding of EVs in renal fibrosis, which could be a boon to patients with renal fibrosis disease.
Collapse
|
29
|
Yan R, Wang Y, Shi M, Xiao Y, Liu L, Liu L, Guo B. Regulation of PTEN/AKT/FAK pathways by PPARγ impacts on fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:6998-7014. [PMID: 30652342 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Renal tubular epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) are important pathological features of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the regulatory mechanism underlying EMT and TIF are still unclear. Previous studies showed that the decrease in the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) was closely related to the aggravation of DN, but no published study showed how PTEN participated in the regulation of EMT and TIF. In this study, the rat proximal tubular epithelial cells (NRK52E) and C57BL mice and human kidney tissues were used as the research objects to investigate the mechanism underlying the regulatory effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ (PPARγ) on PTEN and its influence on EMT and TIF, the regulation of PTEN's dual activity of lipid phosphatase/protein phosphatase by the serine threonine protein kinase B(AKT)/focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathway, and the role of PTEN in EMT and TIF. The results showed that PPARγ regulated the expression of PTEN at a transcriptional level and further regulated EMT and TIF. This dual activity could regulate the phosphorylation level of AKT and FAK and also affect FAK transcription. However, the 129 mutant of PTEN (PTEN-G129E) lost the lipid phosphatase activity, and its protein phosphatase activity was involved only in EMT and renal fibrosis through regulating FAK phosphorylation. This study systematically elucidated the role of PPARγ/PTEN/AKT/FAK signaling pathway in EMT and TIF during the pathogenesis of DN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yan
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Mingjun Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lirong Liu
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lingling Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang T, Zhu H, Yang S, Fei X. Let‑7a‑5p may participate in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy through targeting HMGA2. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:4229-4237. [PMID: 30896854 PMCID: PMC6471493 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), and has been demonstrated as one of the major causes of renal failure. In a previous study, it was noted that microRNA let-7a-5p was downregulated in DN; however, the underlying mechanism requires additional investigation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the roles of let-7a-5p in the pathogenesis of DN and its associated mechanism. The renal tissues of db/db and db/m mice, and renal mesangial cells treated with high concentrations of glucose were obtained; reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis were applied to detect the expression of let-7a-5p and high-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) in vivo and in vitro. In addition, renal mesangial cells cultured under high-glucose conditions (20 and 30 mmol/l) were transfected with either let-7a-5p mimics or let-7a-5p inhibitors. The effects of let-7a-5p on the proliferation and apoptosis of renal mesangial cells were examined using CCK-8 and flow cytometry methods. Additionally, cells were collected and the expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT) and HMGA2 was analyzed with western blot analysis. Finally, a dual luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm whether HMGA2 was a direct target of let-7a-5p. Let-7a-5p was significantly downregulated and HMGA2 was markedly upregulated in the tissue samples of DN mice and renal mesangial cells cultured under high-glucose conditions. In addition, transfection of let-7a-5p mimics induced a significant decrease in the proliferation and increase in the apoptosis of renal mesangial cells cultured under high-glucose conditions; transfection of let-7a-5p inhibitors exhibited the opposite effects. Furthermore, transfection of let-7a-5p mimics also led to the inhibition of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway; transfection of let-7a-5p inhibitors may activate the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway through the increase in PI3K and AKT levels. Finally, a dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed that HMGA2 is a direct target of let-7a-5p. Let-7a-5p was downregulated in DN and may participate in the pathogenesis of DN via regulating HMGA2 expression and the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taixing City Second People's Hospital, Taixing, Jiangsu 225400, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taixing City Second People's Hospital, Taixing, Jiangsu 225400, P.R. China
| | - Shufang Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Fei
- Department of Endocrinology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yang S, Fei X, Lu Y, Xu B, Ma Y, Wan H. miRNA-214 suppresses oxidative stress in diabetic nephropathy via the ROS/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and uncoupling protein 2. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:3530-3538. [PMID: 30988734 PMCID: PMC6447795 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the function of microRNA (miR)-214 on diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetes of proximal tubular cells was investigated. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used measure the expression of miR-214 in rats with DN and ELISA was performed to measure oxidative stress and ROS levels. Results indicated that miR-214 expression in the peripheral blood was significantly decreased in rats with DN. The in vitro model of DN indicated that miR-214 upregulation significantly decreased oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, but significantly increased uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), phosphorylated (p)-Akt and p-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein expression levels. The administration of genipin, a UCP2 inhibitor, significantly attenuated the effects of miR-214 upregulation on oxidative stress in the in vitro DN model by regulating ROS, Akt and mTOR protein expression levels. Notably, Akt inhibitor suppressed p-Akt protein expression and attenuated the effects of miR-214 upregulation on oxidative stress in the in vitro DN model. Collectively, these data suggest that miR-214 regulates diabetes through a ROS/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway by UCP2 in proximal tubular cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shufang Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Fifth People's Hospital of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Fei
- Department of Endocrinology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Fifth People's Hospital of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Yu Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Fifth People's Hospital of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Bangkui Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Fifth People's Hospital of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Yongmei Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Fifth People's Hospital of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuxi Second People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Xue H, Li P, Luo Y, Wu C, Liu Y, Qin X, Huang X, Sun C. Salidroside stimulates the Sirt1/PGC-1α axis and ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 54:240-247. [PMID: 30668374 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salidroside, an active component from Traditional Chinese Medicine Rhodiola rosea L., has various pharmacological functions including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-oxidative properties. However, whether salidroside plays a beneficial role in diabetic nephropathy is still unclear. PURPOSE The objective of this work was to investigate the potential roles of salidroside against diabetic nephropathy and the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Streptozocin was given to obese mice to generate diabetic nephropathy animal model. Salidroside was administered to these mice and proteinuria, podocyte integrity, renal morphology and fibrosis, mitochondrial biogenesis were examined. RESULTS Our results showed that salidroside treatment greatly attenuates diabetic nephropathy as evidenced by decreased urinary albumin, blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. Morphological analysis indicated that salidroside improves renal structures in diabetic nephropathy. The decreases in nephrin and podocin expression were markedly reversed by salidroside. Moreover, kidney fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy mice was largely prevented by salidroside. Mechanistically, in salidroside-treated mice, the mitochondrial DNA copy and electron transport chain proteins were significantly enhanced. Meanwhile, the reduced Sirt1 and PGC-1α expression in diabetic nephropathy was almost completely counteracted in the presence of salidroside. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed that salidroside plays a beneficial role against diabetic nephropathy in mice, which probably via Sirt1/PGC-1α mediated mitochondrial biogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Xue
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Peipei Li
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Yishu Luo
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Chuwen Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Tongzhou District, Nantong, 8 Jianshe Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226300, China
| | - Xiaogang Qin
- Department of Nephrology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Tongzhou District, Nantong, 8 Jianshe Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226300, China
| | - Xinzhong Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
| | - Cheng Sun
- Key Laboratory for Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Luo C, Sun Z, Li Z, Zheng L, Zhu X. Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) Attenuates Chronic Atrophic Gastritis in Rats. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:1177-1186. [PMID: 30757999 PMCID: PMC6381808 DOI: 10.12659/msm.911512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated the effect and mechanism of notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) on chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) in a rat model. Material/Methods To perform our investigation, a rat model of CAG was established, and then rats were treated with various doses of NGR1. After treatment, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used for histopathological observation and further scoring. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the contents of gastrointestinal hormones, inflammatory factors, gastric mucosal destruction factors, and gastric mucosal-protective factors. Gene and protein expressions were measured using quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot assay, respectively. Results Results indicated that NGR1 relieved rat CAG. NGR1 treatment significantly increased the levels of gastrin (GAS) and somatostatin (SS) and reduced motilin (MTL) in the serum of CAG rats. The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 were significantly reduced by NGR1 treatment in CAG rats in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, the increased levels of prostaglandin (PG)E2, nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and endothelin (ET) in CAG rats were significantly decreased by NGR1 administration. Moreover, the decreased level of secretory IgA (sIgA) and glutathione (GSH) in rats caused by MNNG was notably increased by NGR1 treatment. No significant changes were found in glutathione disulfide (GSSG) secretion. Finally, we found that the increased Bcl-2 expression and reduced Bax expression in the stomach tissues of rats caused by MNNG were eliminated by NGR1 treatment. Conclusions NGR1 exerts a protective effect on CAG, and it is a multi-target, multi-linked, comprehensive process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Luo
- Department of Spleen Surgery and Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Second Hospital of Jiangsu Province), Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Zhiguang Sun
- School Offices,, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Spleen Surgery and Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Second Hospital of Jiangsu Province), Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Liang Zheng
- Department of Spleen Surgery and Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Second Hospital of Jiangsu Province), Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- External Liaison Office, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Second Hospital of Jiangsu Province), Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Shi Y, Duan JY, Liu DW, Qiao YJ, Han QX, Pan SK, Tang L, Cai GY, Chen XM, Liu ZS, Zhu HY. Helicobacter pylori Infection is Associated with Occurrence of Proteinuria in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 131:2734-2740. [PMID: 30425200 PMCID: PMC6247588 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.245269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients are susceptible to Helicobacter pylori (HP), and it has been reported that the occurrence of proteinuria is associated with HP infection in T2DM patients; however, this view remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to explore the association between HP infection and the occurrence of proteinuria in T2DM patients. In addition, we hope to provide some recommendations to readers in clinical or related fields. METHODS Our meta-analysis was conducted with the methodology of the Cochrane Collaboration. Search strategies were formulated by relevant professionals. Case-control studies that compared the occurrence of proteinuria in T2DM patients with and without HP infection were involved in our meta-analysis. Relevant English or Chinese studies were searched on online databases before 2018, including PubMed, the Cochrane library, Medline, Google Scholar, the China National Infrastructure, and Wanfang database. The search strategies were "diabetic proteinuria, diabetic microalbuminuria, diabetic albuminuria, diabetic kidney disease, diabetic renal dysfunction, diabetic renal disease, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic complications, and diabetic mellitus, combined with HP." The quality of these involved articles was separately assessed by two investigators using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Odds ratios (ORs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and pooled using fixed-effects models. RESULTS Seven studies involving 1029 participants were included. The quality of these seven articles was all above five stars as assessed by NOS, and there was no significant publication bias in our meta-analysis. We found that T2DM patients with HP infection had a 2.00 times higher risk of the occurrence of proteinuria than patients without HP infection (OR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.48-2.69). CONCLUSIONS Our analysis showed that HP infection was associated with the occurrence of proteinuria in T2DM patients. HP radical surgery might be a therapeutic option for protecting kidney function in patients with T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Chinese People's Liberation Army Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Research Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Diseases in Henan Province, Core Unit of National Kidney Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Jia-Yu Duan
- Department of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Research Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Diseases in Henan Province, Core Unit of National Kidney Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Dong-Wei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Research Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Diseases in Henan Province, Core Unit of National Kidney Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Ying-Jin Qiao
- Department of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Research Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Diseases in Henan Province, Core Unit of National Kidney Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Qiu-Xia Han
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Chinese People's Liberation Army Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Research Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Diseases in Henan Province, Core Unit of National Kidney Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Shao-Kang Pan
- Department of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Research Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Diseases in Henan Province, Core Unit of National Kidney Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Chinese People's Liberation Army Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Guang-Yan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Chinese People's Liberation Army Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiang-Mei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Chinese People's Liberation Army Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zhang-Suo Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Research Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Diseases in Henan Province, Core Unit of National Kidney Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Han-Yu Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Chinese People's Liberation Army Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chen YN, Wu CG, Shi BM, Qian K, Ding Y. The protective effect of asiatic acid on podocytes in the kidney of diabetic rats. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:3733-3741. [PMID: 30662623 PMCID: PMC6291729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The essential ingredient of Centella asiatic is asiatic acid (AA). There are a lot of biological activities in AA, such as anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic. However, so far, there have been no reports on the underlying protective mechanism of AA on podocytes. In this research, we observed the morphological changes of podocytes in diabetic rats by optics microscope and transmission electron microscopy and the protective effect of AA. Additionally, we investigated the expressions of nephrin, desmin and p-JNK, JNK in podocytes of diabetic rats and the influence of AA on podocytes and JNK signaling pathway. The results showed that AA could reduce renal function and urinary albumin. It could attenuate abnormal pathological findings of podocytes in kidney tissue of diabetic rats. Besides, treatment with AA could significantly improve the expression of nephrin and decrease expression of desmin. The ratio of p-JNK protein to JNK protein in podocytes was reduced considerably by AA. With the treatment dose of AA increased, the renal protective effect of AA was gradually improved. These results indicate that asiatic acid has a significant protective effect on diabetic nephropathy. Potential mechanisms include inhibiting the production of oxidants effectively, protection of podocytes, and suppression of the JNK signaling pathway activation. Therefore, there is an excellent prospect of using AA to treat diabetic nephropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ning Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityJiangsu, China
| | - Chen-Guang Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityChina
| | - Bi-Min Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityJiangsu, China
| | - Ke Qian
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityJiangsu, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityJiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhang Y, Chen X, Yuan L, Zhang Y, Wu J, Guo N, Chen X, Liu J. Down-regulation of IRAK1 attenuates podocyte apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 506:529-535. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
37
|
Chen F, Sun Z, Zhu X, Ma Y. Astilbin inhibits high glucose-induced autophagy and apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt pathway in human proximal tubular epithelial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:1175-1181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
|
38
|
Jakaria M, Haque ME, Kim J, Cho DY, Kim IS, Choi DK. Active ginseng components in cognitive impairment: Therapeutic potential and prospects for delivery and clinical study. Oncotarget 2018; 9:33601-33620. [PMID: 30323902 PMCID: PMC6173364 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a state that affects thinking, communication, understanding, and memory, and is very common in various neurological disorders. Among many factors, age-related cognitive decline is an important area in mental health research. Research to find therapeutic medications or supplements to treat cognitive deficits and maintain cognitive health has been ongoing. Ginseng and its active components may have played a role in treating chronic disorders. Numerous preclinical studies have confirmed that ginseng and its active components such as ginsenosides, gintonin, and compound K are pharmacologically efficacious in different models of and are linked to cognitive impairment. Among their several roles, they act as an anti-neuroinflammatory and help fight against oxidative stress and modulate the cholinergic signal. These roles may be involved in enhancing cognition and attenuating impairment. There have been some clinical studies on the activity of ginseng in cognitive impairment, but many ginseng species and active compounds remain to be investigated. In addition, new formulations of active ginseng components such as nanoparticles and liposomes could be used for preclinical and clinical models of cognitive impairment. Here, we discuss the therapeutic potential of active ginseng components in cognitive impairment and their chemistry and pharmacokinetics and consider prospects for their delivery and clinical study with respect to cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Jakaria
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Md. Ezazul Haque
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonsoo Kim
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk-Yeon Cho
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Su Kim
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Bioscience & Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, and Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Bioscience & Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, and Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Berberine attenuates podocytes injury caused by exosomes derived from high glucose-induced mesangial cells through TGFβ1-PI3K/AKT pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 824:185-192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
40
|
Wang H, He X, Lei T, Liu Y, Huai G, Sun M, Deng S, Yang H, Tong R, Wang Y. Mangiferin induces islet regeneration in aged mice through regulating p16INK4a. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:3231-3242. [PMID: 29512742 PMCID: PMC5881804 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies by our group on mangiferin demonstrated that it exerts an antihyperglycemic effect through the regulation of cell cycle proteins in 3-month-old, partially pancreatectomized (PPx) mice. However, β-cell proliferation is known to become severely restricted with advanced age. Therefore, it is unknown whether mangiferin is able to reverse the diabetic condition and retain β-cell regeneration capability in aged mice. In the present study, 12-month-old C57BL/6J mice that had undergone PPx were subjected to mangiferin treatment (90 mg/kg) for 28 days. Mangiferin-treated aged mice exhibited decreased blood glucose levels and increased glucose tolerance, which was accompanied with higher serum insulin levels when compared with those in untreated PPx control mice. In addition, islet hyperplasia, elevated β-cell proliferation and reduced β-cell apoptosis were also identified in the mice that received mangiferin treatment. Further studies on the mRNA transcript and protein expression levels indicated comparatively increased levels of cyclins D1 and D2 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 in mangiferin-treated mice, while the levels of p27Kip1 and p16INK4a were decreased relative to those in the untreated PPx controls. Of note, mangiferin treatment improved the proliferation rate of islet β-cells in adult mice overexpressing p16INK4a, suggesting that mangiferin induced β-cell proliferation via the regulation of p16INK4a. In addition, the mRNA transcription levels of critical genes associated with insulin secretion, including pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1, glucose transporter 2 and glucokinase, were observed to be upregulated after mangiferin treatment. Taken together, it was indicated that mangiferin treatment significantly induced β-cell proliferation and inhibited β-cell apoptosis by regulating cell cycle checkpoint proteins. Furthermore, mangiferin was also demonstrated to regulate genes associated with insulin secretion. Collectively these, results suggest the therapeutic potential of mangiferin in the treatment of diabetes in aged individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hailian Wang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Xia He
- Personalized Drug Therapy Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Tiantian Lei
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Yilong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, Sichuan 614000, P.R. China
| | - Guoli Huai
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Minghan Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Shaoping Deng
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Hongji Yang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Personalized Drug Therapy Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhai Y, Meng X, Luo Y, Wu Y, Ye T, Zhou P, Ding S, Wang M, Lu S, Zhu L, Sun G, Sun X. Notoginsenoside R1 ameliorates diabetic encephalopathy by activating the Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Oncotarget 2018; 9:9344-9363. [PMID: 29507694 PMCID: PMC5823646 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous researches supported that oxidative stress and inflammation play important roles in the development of diabetic encephalopathy (DEP). Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), one major component of Panax notoginseng, is believed to have anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. However, its neuroprotective effects against DEP and underlying mechanisms are still unknown. In this study, db/db mice as well as high-glucose (HG)-treated HT22 hippocampal neurons were used as in vivo and in vitro models to estimate NGR1 neuroprotection. NGR1 administration for 10 weeks could ameliorate cognitive dysfunction, depression-like behaviors, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, and inflammation in db/db mice. NGR1 markedly decreased the oxidative stress induced by hyperglycemia in hippocampal neurons. NGR1 significantly activated the protein kinase B (Akt)/nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor2 (Nrf2) pathway, and inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation in hippocampal neurons, which might be essential for the neuroprotective effects of NGR1. Further supporting these results, we observed that pretreatment with the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002 abolished NGR1-mediated neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in HG-treated HT22 hippocampal neurons. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates the neuroprotective effects of NGR1 on DEP by activating the Akt/Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This study also provides a novel strategy for the application of NGR1 as a therapeutic agent for patients with DEP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Zhai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangbao Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yongmei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Tianyuan Ye
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shilan Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Senbao Lu
- Department of Bioengineering, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California, USA
| | - Lili Zhu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guibo Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Xu Y, Tan HY, Li S, Wang N, Feng Y. Panax notoginseng for Inflammation-Related Chronic Diseases: A Review on the Modulations of Multiple Pathways. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:971-996. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Panax notoginseng (P. notoginseng) is a well-known and commonly used Chinese herbal medicine in Asian countries. As one of the major species in the Panax genus, it has a distinct chemical composition and medical application compared with other species. P. notoginseng attracts attention and interest due to its potential therapeutic effects not only on blood diseases, but also other kinds of human chronic disorders. This paper critically reviewed the latest advance of knowledge on the pharmacological effects of P. notoginseng on a variety of chronic diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, arthritis, ischemia, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer disease and trauma, as well as hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and so on. As inflammation is considered the fundamental factor involved in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases, our review therefore focuses on understanding the involvement of classical inflammatory pathways underlying the mechanism of action of P. notoginseng. Potential clinical application was also discussed. Furthermore, by combining with network pharmacology, we introduced the major bioactive components of P. notoginseng, analyzed their cellular targets and associated signaling pathways. In conclusion, this review identified inflammatory pathway as the key signaling for determining the efficacy of P. notoginseng on chronic diseases. It is speculated that P. notoginseng is a multi-targeted agent with an anti-inflammatory property in the adjuvant and alternative treatment of human chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Hu S, Wang J, Wang J, Yang H, Li S, Jiang W, Liu Y, Li J. Long-chain bases from sea cucumber inhibits renal fibrosis and apoptosis in type 2 diabetic mice. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
|
44
|
Peng J, Wang H, Wang X, Sun M, Deng S, Wang Y. YAP and TAZ mediate steroid-induced alterations in the trabecular meshwork cytoskeleton in human trabecular meshwork cells. Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:164-172. [PMID: 29115373 PMCID: PMC5746292 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary open angle glaucoma is an important type of glaucoma as it is one of the most common causes of blindness. Previous studies have demonstrated that in glaucomatous patients, the human trabecular meshwork (HTM) is markedly stiffened. The purpose of the present study was to determine the regulatory role of Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) in HTM cells. Primary HTM cells were cultured with different concentrations of dexamethasone (DEX), and the expression levels of YAP and TAZ were evaluated using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. The results revealed that DEX increased the expression of YAP and TAZ in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the western blot analysis of cytoskeleton-associated proteins revealed that the inhibition of YAP and/or TAZ using small interfering RNA resulted in the increased expression of collagen I, and decreased expression of fibronectin, laminin and collagen IV. The expression of β-catenin, a key protein in the Wnt pathway, was also observed to be regulated by YAP and TAZ. A 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine staining assay indicated that YAP and TAZ induced the proliferation of HTM cells. The investigation of cross-linked actin network formation by the HTM cells demonstrated that the knockdown of YAP and TAZ genes rescued HTM cells from cytoskeletal reorganization. Furthermore, functional evaluation of a HTM cell monolayer using a permeability assay demonstrated that the inhibition of YAP and TAZ attenuated the DEX-induced impairment of permeability. These findings suggest that YAP and TAZ play pivotal roles in the DEX-induced cytoskeletal changes of HTM cells, and reveal novel potential mechanisms for the development and progression of glaucoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Hailian Wang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Minghan Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Shaoping Deng
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
MicroRNA-25 inhibits high glucose-induced apoptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells via PTEN/AKT pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:471-479. [PMID: 29031207 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become the major cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). It has been demonstrated that apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells induced by hyperglycemia contributes to the pathogenesis of DN. Recent researches have corroborated the critical roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the apoptosis of various types of cells including renal tubular epithelial cells. However, the eff ; ;ect of miRNAs on the hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells remains unclear. The aim of this study is to explore the eff ; ;ect of miRNAs on the hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells and its molecular mechanism. Using a miRNA microarray, miRNAs putatively associated with DN were examined in renal biopsy tissue samples from DN patients and healthy controls. Validation analysis of miR-25 level in serum samples and renal biopsy tissue samples was performed using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Then, gain- and loss- of function experiments were performed to determine the protective roles of miR-25 in high glucose-induced damage to renal tubular epithelial cells. Furthermore, the target gene of miR-25 and the downstream signaling pathway were also investigated. Microarray analysis and qRT-PCR revealed that miR-25 was significantly downregulated in renal biopsy tissue and serum samples from DN patients. We also observed that an inverse relationship between serum miR-25 level and proteinuria in DN patients. Meanwhile, miR-25 was decreased in human kidney (HK-2) cells subjected to HG treatment in a time dependent manner. Its overexpression reduced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), suppressed cell apoptosis in HG-induced cell damage model, which was coupled with the decreased expression of cleaved caspase-3 and activity of caspase-3. Subsequent analyses demonstrated that phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) was a direct and functional target of miR-25, which was validated by the dual luciferase reporter assay. Most importantly, the overexpression of PTEN effectively reversed the protective effects of miR-25 mimics on renal tubular epithelial cell injury. We also found that the anti-apoptotic effects of miR-25 are dependent on the activation of PTEN/Akt pathway. In addition, we observed that PTEN was upregulated in renal biopsy tissue samples from patients with DN, and an inverse relationship was found between PTEN and miR-25 expression, suggesting that miR-25 may exert its function through regulation of PTEN in DN. Taken together, our study proved that overexpression of miR-25 could ameliorate HG-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells through activation of PTEN/AKT pathway, suggesting that overexpression of miR-25 might provide a potential therapeutic approach for DN.
Collapse
|
46
|
Goenka L, George M, Singh V, Jena A, Seshadri D, Karunakaran V, Elumalai DV, Rani J, Kaliappan I. Do ANGPTL-4 and galectin-3 reflect the severity of coronary artery disease? Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 11:261-270. [PMID: 28795637 PMCID: PMC5933584 DOI: 10.1177/1753944717723311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. We thereby sought to investigate whether the biomarkers, angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL-4) and galectin-3, reflect the severity of CAD. METHODS Patients were screened based on inclusion/exclusion criteria and written informed consent was obtained from the patients. Serum ANGPTL-4 and galectin-3 was quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and correlated with the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) and GENSINI score using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and multivariate analysis. RESULTS A total of 226 patients consisting of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-STEMI/unstable angina (USA), chronic stable angina (CSA) and normal controls (NCs) participated in the study. ANGPTL-4 and galectin-3 were significantly higher in CAD than the NC group. ANGPTL-4 showed significant negative correlation with GRACE score in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) ( r = -0.211, p = 0.03) patients. ANGPTL-4 showed significant positive correlation with serum creatinine ( r = 0.304, p = 0.056) and body mass index (BMI) ( r = 0.424, p = 0.009) in CSA patients. A modest positive correlation was observed between the serum galectin-3 levels and GRACE score ( r = 0.187, p = 0.055) in ACS patients. However, on multivariate analysis the positive correlation relationship between ANGPTL-4 and galectin-3 with the severity of CAD was not sustained. CONCLUSION In conclusion, ANGPTL-4 and galectin-3 do not appear to have a promising role for assessing the severity of CAD. Nevertheless these biomarkers do warrant further exploration in improving the management of CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luxitaa Goenka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, SRM MCH
& RC, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Melvin George
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, SRM MCH
& RC, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Vishakha Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM University,
Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amrita Jena
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, SRM MCH
& RC, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepika Seshadri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, SRM MCH
& RC, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vasanth Karunakaran
- Department of IIISM, SRM University,
Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Jamuna Rani
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM MCH & RC,
Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ilango Kaliappan
- Department of IIISM, SRM University,
Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lv J, Xiong W, Lei T, Wang H, Sun M, Hao E, Wang Z, Huang X, Deng S, Deng J, Wang Y. Amygdalin ameliorates the progression of atherosclerosis in LDL receptor‑deficient mice. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:8171-8179. [PMID: 28983592 PMCID: PMC5779902 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that regulatory T cells (Tregs) are pivotal in the regulation of T cell-mediated immune responses in atherosclerosis, a chronic autoimmune-like disease. In the authors' previous studies, it was demonstrated that amygdalin ameliorated atherosclerosis by the regulation of Tregs in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of amygdalin on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor deficient (LDLR−/−) mice, and to examine its immune regulatory function by the stimulation of Tregs. To establish an atherosclerosis mouse model, the LDLR−/− mice were fed a high fat and high cholesterol diet then the total plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and chemokines levels were measured by an ELISA. Following sacrificing the mice, the upper sections of the aorta were stained by hematoxylin and eosin, and Oil red O to assess the plaque area. Then western blotting and reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions were performed to analysis the expression levels of cluster of differentiation 68, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 and forkhead box P3 (Foxp3). To further confirm the activation of FOXP3 by amygdalin, lentiviruses carrying Foxp3 shRNA were injected into the mice, and the serum cytokines levels were measured by ELISA. Following feeding of the mice with a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet, the LDLR−/− mice demonstrated comparatively higher levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL, compared with levels in the amygdalin-treated mice. By comparing the vessel area, lumen area, plaque area, and percentage aortic plaque coverage, the effects of amygdalin on pre-existing lesions were assessed. In addition, the levels of CD68, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were analyzed, and analysis of the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α indicated that the mice treated with amygdalin had decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The mRNA and protein levels of Foxp3 were also quantified, and the mice treated with amygdalin demonstrated an increased number of Tregs. The knockdown of Foxp3mRNA resulted in the increased secretion of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. Therefore, the data indicated that amygdalin regulated the formation of atherosclerosis and stabilized the plaque by suppressing inflammatory responses and promoting the immune-modulation function of Tregs. Taken together, the results demonstrated the therapeutic effect of amygdalin on atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhen Lv
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, P.R. China
| | - Wen Xiong
- Department of Ultrasound, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Tiantian Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Hailian Wang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Minghan Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Erwei Hao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, P.R. China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqi Huang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, P.R. China
| | - Shaoping Deng
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Jiagang Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Cao W, Cui J, Li S, Zhang D, Guo Y, Li Q, Luan Y, Liu X. Crocetin restores diabetic endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction by enhancing NO bioavailability via regulation of PI3K/AKT-eNOS and ROS pathways. Life Sci 2017; 181:9-16. [PMID: 28528862 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) dysfunction underlies a critical risk factor in diabetic vascular complications due to function defect in restoring endothelium injury. Crocetin has attracted increasing attention in several vascular-related diseases. In present study, we aimed to explore the role of crocetin in diabetic EPC dysfunction. MAIN METHODS EPCs were isolated from bone marrow in diabetic mice and identified using the fluorescence staining and flow cytometry. After exposure to various doses of crocetin, cell viability was detected by MTT assy. Then, colony formation, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, cell apoptosis and caspase-3 activity were assessed. The underlying mechanism was also investigated by western blotting. KEY FINDINGS EPCs from diabetic mice exhibited dysfunction under hyperglycemia condition. Interestingly, crocetin treatment alleviated the impairment in diabetic EPC proliferation and colony formation. Simultaneously, the increases in LDH release, cell apoptosis and caspase-3 activity were also restrained following crocetin stimulation. Additionally, EPC migration response to SDF-1 was also impaired under diabetic condition, which was partly restored by crocetin. Mechanism analysis manifested that administration with crocetin repaired the damage in the activation of PI3K/AKT-eNOS pathway and NO production, but attenuated ROS elevation in diabetic EPCs. Importantly, preconditioning with antagonist of LY294002 (for PI3K/AKT) or NG-monomethyl-l-arginine (for eNOS) antagonized the beneficial effect of crocetin on diabetic EPC dysfunction. SIGNIFICANCE These data corroborated that crocetin could restore the dysfunction of diabetic EPCs by enhancing NO bioavailability via regulation of PI3K/AKT-eNOS and ROS pathways. Therefore, this research supports a potential promising therapeutic aspect for diabetic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, PR China
| | - Jinjin Cui
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, PR China
| | - Shufeng Li
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, PR China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, PR China
| | - Yibo Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, PR China
| | - Qiannan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, PR China
| | - Ying Luan
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, PR China
| | - Xian Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Huang G, Zou B, Lv J, Li T, Huai G, Xiang S, Lu S, Luo H, Zhang Y, Jin Y, Wang Y. Notoginsenoside R1 attenuates glucose-induced podocyte injury via the inhibition of apoptosis and the activation of autophagy through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:559-568. [PMID: 28112381 PMCID: PMC5360354 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Injury to terminally differentiated podocytes contributes ignificantly to proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis. The aim of this study was to examine the protective effects of notoginsenoside R1 (NR1) on the maintenance of podocyte number and foot process architecture via the inhibition of apoptosis, the induction of autophagy and the maintenance pf podocyte biology in target cells. The effects of NR1 on conditionally immortalized human podocytes under high glucose conditions were evaluated by determining the percentage apoptosis, the percentage autophagy and the expression levels of slit diaphragm proteins. Our results revealed that NR1 protected the podocytes against high glucose-induced injury by decreasing apoptosis, increasing autophagy and by promoting cytoskeletal recovery. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway was further investigated in order to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the protective effects of NR1 on podocytes. Our data indicated that treatment with NR increased the phosphorylation levels of PI3K, Akt and mTOR, leading to the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in podocytes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first in vitro study to demonstrate that NR1 protects podocytes by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530011, P.R. China
| | - Bingyu Zou
- Department of Gynecology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Jianzhen Lv
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, P.R. China
| | - Tongyu Li
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, P.R. China
| | - Guoli Huai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Shaowei Xiang
- Department of Nephrology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530011, P.R. China
| | - Shilong Lu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, P.R. China
| | - Huan Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530011, P.R. China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530011, P.R. China
| | - Yi Jin
- Center for Perinatal Research, Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|