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Jang M, Choi N, Kim HN. Hyperglycemic Neurovasculature-On-A-Chip to Study the Effect of SIRT1-Targeted Therapy for the Type 3 Diabetes "Alzheimer's Disease". ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201882. [PMID: 36073820 PMCID: PMC9731710 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is closely related to Alzheimer's disease (AD), but individual cellular changes and the possibilities of recovery through molecular level regulation have not been investigated. Here, a neurovasculature-on-a-chip (NV chip) model is presented in which the perfusable brain microvasculature is surrounded by the neurons. Under hyperglycemic conditions, the brain microvasculature shows disruption of barrier function and reduced expression of junctional markers. The neurons show Tau pathology and amyloid-beta (Aß) accumulation. Endothelial cells and neurons in the NV chip show sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) downregulation under hyperglycemic conditions, suggesting SIRT1 as a key regulator of hyperglycemia-induced AD. The recovery of glucose levels rescue SIRT1 expression, suggesting that this type of intervention may rescue the progression of hyperglycemia-mediated AD. Furthermore, the short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-, and pharmaceutics-mediated regulation of SIRT1 regulate the pathophysiology of the brain endothelium and neurons at the functional and molecular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjeong Jang
- Brain Science InstituteKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Seoul02792Republic of Korea
| | - Nakwon Choi
- Brain Science InstituteKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Seoul02792Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio‐Medical Science & TechnologyKIST SchoolRepublic of KoreaUniversity of Science and TechnologySeoul02792Republic of Korea
- KU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and TechnologyKorea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Nam Kim
- Brain Science InstituteKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Seoul02792Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio‐Medical Science & TechnologyKIST SchoolRepublic of KoreaUniversity of Science and TechnologySeoul02792Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical EngineeringYonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea
- Yonsei‐KIST Convergence Research InstituteYonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea
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Basova LV, Bortell N, Conti B, Fox HS, Milner R, Marcondes MCG. Age-associated changes in microglia activation and Sirtuin-1- chromatin binding patterns. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:8205-8220. [PMID: 36227148 PMCID: PMC9648798 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aging process is associated with changes in mechanisms maintaining physiology, influenced by genetics and lifestyle, and impacting late life quality and longevity. Brain health is critical in healthy aging. Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), a histone deacetylase with silencing properties, is one of the molecular determinants experimentally linked to health and longevity. We compared brain pathogenesis and Sirt1-chromatin binding dynamics in brain pre-frontal cortex from 2 groups of elder rhesus macaques, divided by age of necropsy: shorter-lived animals (18-20 years old (yo)), equivalent to 60-70 human yo; and longer-lived animals (23-29 yo), corresponding to 80-100 human yo and modeling successful aging. These were compared with young adult brains (4-7 yo). Our findings indicated drastic differences in the microglia marker Iba1, along with factors influencing Sirt1 levels and activity, such as CD38 (an enzyme limiting NAD that controls Sirt1 activity) and mir142 (a microRNA targeting Sirt1 transcription) between the elder groups. Iba1 was lower in shorter-lived animals than in the other groups, while CD38 was higher in both aging groups compared to young. mir142 and Sirt1 levels were inversely correlated in longer-lived brains (>23yo), but not in shorter-lived brains (18-20 yo). We also found that Sirt1 binding showed signs of better efficiency in longer-lived animals compared to shorter-lived ones, in genes associated with nuclear activity and senescence. Overall, differences in neuroinflammation and Sirt1 interactions with chromatin distinguished shorter- and longer-lived animals, suggesting the importance of preserving microglia and Sirt1 functional efficiency for longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana V. Basova
- San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | | | - Bruno Conti
- San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Howard S. Fox
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Richard Milner
- San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
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Yu J, Chen T, Guo X, Zafar MI, Li H, Wang Z, Zheng J. The Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in X-Link Adrenoleukodystrophy. Front Nutr 2022; 9:864358. [PMID: 35463999 PMCID: PMC9024313 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.864358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is an inherited disease caused by a mutation in the ABCD1 gene encoding a peroxisomal transmembrane protein. It is characterized by the accumulation of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) in body fluids and tissues, leading to progressive demyelination and adrenal insufficiency. ALD has various phenotypes, among which the most common and severe is childhood cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy (CCALD). The pathophysiological mechanisms of ALD remain unclear, but some in vitro/in vivo research showed that VLCFA could induce oxidative stress and inflammation, leading to damage. In addition, the evidence that oxidative stress and inflammation are increased in patients with X-ALD also proves that it is a potential mechanism of brain and adrenal damage. Therefore, normalizing the redox balance becomes a critical therapeutic target. This study focuses on the possible predictors of the severity and progression of X-ALD, the potential mechanisms of pathogenesis, and the promising targeted drugs involved in oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mohammad Ishraq Zafar
- Institute of Reproductive Health/Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiqing Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Juan Zheng,
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Li B, Dou Z, Zhang L, Zhu L, Cao Y, Yu Q. Ghrelin Alleviates Intestinal Dysfunction in Sepsis Through the KLF4/MMP2 Regulatory Axis by Activating SIRT1. Front Immunol 2021; 12:646775. [PMID: 33968038 PMCID: PMC8102724 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.646775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal barrier dysfunction is an important contributor to morbidity caused by sepsis. This study investigates the molecular mechanism by which Ghrelin affects intestinal dysfunction in rat model of sepsis. A rat model of sepsis was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), revealing that Ghrelin was downregulated when sepsis occurs. Increases in the levels of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1β), IL-6, gastrin, γ-H2AX and 8-OHdG was also detected in this model system, as was an overall increase in oxidative stress. Introduction of exogenous Ghrelin inhibited these increases in inflammatory response and oxidative stress, leading to a reduction of overall sepsis-induced intestinal dysfunction. Ghrelin was then shown to activate SIRT1 expression in vitro, while SIRT1 was found to co-express with KLF4, which in turn was predicted to bind to matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) promoter. Finally, gain- and loss-of-function experiment demonstrated that SIRT1 upregulated the expression of KLF4 to downregulate MMP2. Collectively, Ghrelin inhibits the oxidative stress and intestinal dysfunction to attenuate sepsis by activating SIRT1 and regulating a KLF4/MMP2 regulatory axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Department of Critical Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhimin Dou
- Department of Critical Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Critical Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Critical Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongqiang Cao
- Department of Critical Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Department of Respiratory, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University (The First School of Clinical Medicine), Lanzhou, China
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Lu W, Ni Z, Jiang S, Tong M, Zhang J, Zhao J, Feng C, Jia Q, Wang J, Yao T, Ning H, Shi Y. Resveratrol inhibits bile acid-induced gastric intestinal metaplasia via the PI3K/AKT/p-FoxO4 signalling pathway. Phytother Res 2021; 35:1495-1507. [PMID: 33103284 PMCID: PMC8048559 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) is the essential pre-malignancy of gastric cancer. Chronic inflammation and bile acid reflux are major contributing factors. As an intestinal development transcription factor, caudal-related homeobox 2 (CDX2) is key in GIM. Resveratrol has potential chemopreventive and anti-tumour effects. The aim of the study is to probe the effect of resveratrol in bile acid-induced GIM. We demonstrated that resveratrol could reduce CDX2 expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner in gastric cell lines. A Cignal Finder 45-Pathway Reporter Array and TranSignal Protein/DNA Array Kit verified that resveratrol could increase Forkhead box O4 (FoxO4) activity and that Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) could reduce FoxO4 activity. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis showed that FoxO4 could bind to the CDX2 promoter, and these conjectures were supported by chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. Resveratrol can activate FoxO4 and decrease CDX2 expression by increasing phospho-FoxO4 nucleus trans-location. Resveratrol could increase FoxO4 phosphorylation through the PI3K/AKT pathway. Ectopic FoxO4 expression can up-regulate FoxO4 phosphorylation and suppress CDCA-induced GIM marker expression. Finally, we found a reverse correlation between p-FoxO4 and CDX2 in tissue arrays. This study validates that resveratrol could reduce bile acid-induced GIM through the PI3K/AKT/p-FoxO4 signalling pathway and has a potential reversing effect on GIM, especially that caused by bile acid reflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenquan Lu
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive DiseasesAir force Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zhen Ni
- Department of GastroenterologyThe General Hospital of Western Theater CommandChengduChina
| | - Shuqin Jiang
- Pediatric Development and Behavior DepartmentThe third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Mingfu Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive DiseasesAir force Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
- Department of GastroenterologyBeijing Chao‐Yang Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive DiseasesAir force Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive DiseasesAir force Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
- Department of GastroenterologySecond Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Chenchen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive DiseasesAir force Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
- Postgraduate DepartmentXi'an Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Qiaoyu Jia
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jingyun Wang
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Tingting Yao
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Hanbing Ning
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yongquan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive DiseasesAir force Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
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Zhang M, Lu P, Terada T, Sui M, Furuta H, Iida K, Katayama Y, Lu Y, Okamoto K, Suzuki M, Asakura T, Shimizu K, Hakuno F, Takahashi SI, Shimada N, Yang J, Ishikawa T, Tatsuzaki J, Nagata K. Quercetin 3,5,7,3',4'-pentamethyl ether from Kaempferia parviflora directly and effectively activates human SIRT1. Commun Biol 2021; 4:209. [PMID: 33608631 PMCID: PMC7896056 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01705-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an NAD+-dependent deacetylase, is a crucial regulator that produces multiple physiological benefits, such as the prevention of cancer and age-related diseases. SIRT1 is activated by sirtuin-activating compounds (STACs). Here, we report that quercetin 3,5,7,3',4'-pentamethyl ether (KPMF-8), a natural STAC from Thai black ginger Kaempferia parviflora, interacts with SIRT1 directly and stimulates SIRT1 activity by enhancing the binding affinity of SIRT1 with Ac-p53 peptide, a native substrate peptide without a fluorogenic moiety. The binding affinity between SIRT1 and Ac-p53 peptide was enhanced 8.2-fold by KPMF-8 but only 1.4-fold by resveratrol. The specific binding sites of KPMF-8 to SIRT1 were mainly localized to the helix2-turn-helix3 motif in the N-terminal domain of SIRT1. Intracellular deacetylase activity in MCF-7 cells was promoted 1.7-fold by KPMF-8 supplemented in the cell medium but only 1.2-fold by resveratrol. This work reveals that KPMF-8 activates SIRT1 more effectively than resveratrol does.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimin Zhang
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Peng Lu
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Terada
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XAgricultural Bioinformatics Research Unit, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miaomiao Sui
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruka Furuta
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kilico Iida
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan ,grid.5290.e0000 0004 1936 9975Division of Food and Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Kyoritsu Women’s University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukie Katayama
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yi Lu
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Okamoto
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michio Suzuki
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomiko Asakura
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Shimizu
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XAgricultural Bioinformatics Research Unit, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Hakuno
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Takahashi
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Jinwei Yang
- Tokiwa Phytochemical Co. Ltd., Sakura Chiba, Japan
| | | | | | - Koji Nagata
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XAgricultural Bioinformatics Research Unit, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan
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Conditioned medium-preconditioned EPCs enhanced the ability in oligovascular repair in cerebral ischemia neonatal rats. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:118. [PMID: 33579354 PMCID: PMC7881622 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02157-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oligovascular niche mediates interactions between cerebral endothelial cells and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Disruption of OPC-endothelium trophic coupling may aggravate the progress of cerebral white matter injury (WMI) because endothelial cells could not provide sufficient support under diseased conditions. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been reported to ameliorate WMI in the adult brain by boosting oligovascular remodeling. It is necessary to clarify the role of the conditioned medium from hypoxic endothelial cells preconditioned EPCs (EC-pEPCs) in WMI since EPCs usually were recruited and play important roles under blood-brain barrier disruption. Here, we investigated the effects of EC-pEPCs on oligovascular remodeling in a neonatal rat model of WMI. Methods In vitro, OPC apoptosis induced by the conditioned medium from oxygen-glucose deprivation-injured brain microvascular endothelial cells (OGD-EC-CM) was analyzed by TUNEL and FACS. The effects of EPCs on EC damage and the expression of cytomokine C-X-C motif ligand 12 (CXCL12) were examined by western blot and FACS. The effect of the CM from EC-pEPCs against OPC apoptosis was also verified by western blot and silencing RNA. In vivo, P3 rat pups were subjected to right common carotid artery ligation and hypoxia and treated with EPCs or EC-pEPCs at P7, and then angiogenesis and myelination together with cognitive outcome were evaluated at the 6th week. Results In vitro, EPCs enhanced endothelial function and decreased OPC apoptosis. Meanwhile, it was confirmed that OGD-EC-CM induced an increase of CXCL12 in EPCs, and CXCL12-CXCR4 axis is a key signaling since CXCR4 knockdown alleviated the anti-apoptosis effect of EPCs on OPCs. In vivo, the number of EPCs and CXCL12 protein level markedly increased in the WMI rats. Compared to the EPCs, EC-pEPCs significantly decreased OPC apoptosis, increased vascular density and myelination in the corpus callosum, and improved learning and memory deficits in the neonatal rat WMI model. Conclusions EC-pEPCs more effectively promote oligovascular remodeling and myelination via CXCL12-CXCR4 axis in the neonatal rat WMI model. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02157-4.
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Shi L, Zhang J, Wang Y, Hao Q, Chen H, Cheng X. Sirt1 Regulates Oxidative Stress in Oxygen-Glucose Deprived Hippocampal Neurons. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:455. [PMID: 32923413 PMCID: PMC7456989 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important mechanism of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) is a deacetylase that depends on NAD+, which has an important role in antioxidant metabolism. Furthermore, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ-co-activator 1α (PGC-1α) is a key regulator of mitochondrial oxidative stress, which is regulated by Sirt1. Here, we investigated the role of Sirt1 in the pathogenesis of brain injuries after modulating its activity in primary cultured hippocampal neurons. Our study shows that the expression of Sirt1 was downregulated after oxygen-glucose deprivation. Activation of Sirt1 with resveratrol improved cell's resistance to oxidative stress, whereas inhibition of Sirt1 with EX527 significantly reduced cell viability after cellular oxidative stress. Our study also shows that activation of Sirt1 with resveratrol exerts its antioxidant effect by regulating the expression of PGC-1α. In contrast, application of EX527 decreased the expression of PGC-1α. In summary, these results confirmed that Sirt1 is a potent protective factor for neurons subjected to oxidative stress, and the protective effect of Sirt1 is attributed to its regulation of PGC-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Shi
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Henan Medical College, Xinzheng, China
| | - Qingfei Hao
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haoming Chen
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiuyong Cheng
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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