1
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Mohanty SK, Mohanty AK, Kumar MS, Suchiang K. Triiodothyronine enhances various forms of kidney-specific Klotho protein and suppresses the Wnt/β-catenin pathway: Insights from in-vitro, in-vivo and in-silico investigations. Cell Signal 2024; 120:111214. [PMID: 38729322 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Age-related diseases are intricately linked to the molecular processes underlying aging, with the decline of the antiaging protein Klotho being a key factor. Investigating these processes is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies. The age-associated reduction in Klotho expression, coupled with a decline in the endocrine hormone triiodothyronine (T3), prompted a detailed exploration of their potential interplay. Our research, conducted through both in-vitro and in-vivo studies on BALB/c mice, unveiled a significant capacity of T3 to upregulate various forms of Klotho via ATF-3/p-c-Jun transcription factor. This effect was particularly noteworthy in aged individuals, where Klotho expression had waned compared to their younger counterparts. Importantly, T3 demonstrated a promising therapeutic impact in rejuvenating Klotho expression in this context. Further investigations elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying T3's impact on aging-related pathways. In-vitro and in-vivo experiments established T3's ability to downregulate the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway by enhancing Klotho expression. In-silico analyses provided insights into Klotho's intricate role, showing its capacity to inhibit Wnt ligands such as Wnt3 and Wnt8a, consequently disrupting their interaction with the Wnt receptor. Additionally, T3 was found to downregulate kidney-specific GSK-3β expression through the augmentation of Klotho expression. The study also highlighted T3's role in maintaining calcium and phosphate homeostasis via Klotho. This comprehensive investigation not only sheds light on the intricate mechanisms governing aging processes but also presents promising avenues for therapeutic interventions targeting the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway implicated in various age-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saswat Kumar Mohanty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry 605 014, India.
| | | | | | - Kitlangki Suchiang
- Department of Biochemistry, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya 793022, India.
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2
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Zhang J, Xie D, Jiao D, Zhou S, Liu S, Ju Z, Hu L, Qi L, Yao C, Zhao C. From inflammatory signaling to neuronal damage: Exploring NLR inflammasomes in ageing neurological disorders. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32688. [PMID: 38975145 PMCID: PMC11226848 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The persistence of neuronal degeneration and damage is a major obstacle in ageing medicine. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors detect environmental stressors and trigger the maturation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines that can cause neuronal damage and accelerate cell death. NLR (NOD-like receptors) inflammasomes are protein complexes that contain NOD-like receptors. Studying the role of NLR inflammasomes in ageing-related neurological disorders can provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of neurodegeneration. This includes investigating their activation of inflammasomes, transcription, and capacity to promote or inhibit inflammatory signaling, as well as exploring strategies to regulate NLR inflammasomes levels. This review summarizes the use of NLR inflammasomes in guiding neuronal degeneration and injury during the ageing process, covering several neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, and peripheral neuropathies. To improve the quality of life and slow the progression of neurological damage, NLR-based treatment strategies, including inhibitor-related therapies and physical therapy, are presented. Additionally, important connections between age-related neurological disorders and NLR inflammasomes are highlighted to guide future research and facilitate the development of new treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Dong Xie
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Danli Jiao
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shimin Liu
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Ziyong Ju
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Li Hu
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Li Qi
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chongjie Yao
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
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3
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Sun L, Xing J, Zhou X, Song X, Gao S. Wnt/β-catenin signalling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and crosslink signalling in colorectal cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116685. [PMID: 38710151 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), with its significant incidence and metastatic rates, profoundly affects human health. A common oncogenic event in CRC is the aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway, which drives both the initiation and progression of the disease. Persistent Wnt/β-catenin signalling facilitates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which accelerates CRC invasion and metastasis. This review provides a summary of recent molecular studies on the role of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling axis in regulating EMT in CRC cells, which triggers metastatic pathogenesis. We present a comprehensive examination of the EMT process and its transcriptional controllers, with an emphasis on the crucial functions of β-catenin, EMT transcription factors (EMT-TFs). We also review recent evidences showing that hyperactive Wnt/β-catenin signalling triggers EMT and metastatic phenotypes in CRC via "Destruction complex" of β-catenin mechanisms. Potential therapeutic and challenges approache to suppress EMT and prevent CRC cells metastasis by targeting Wnt/β-catenin signalling are also discussed. These include direct β-catenin inhibitors and novel targets of the Wnt pathway, and finally highlight novel potential combinational treatment options based on the inhibition of the Wnt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luanbiao Sun
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, PR China
| | - Jianpeng Xing
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, PR China
| | - Xuanpeng Zhou
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, PR China
| | - Xinyuan Song
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Shuohui Gao
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, PR China.
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4
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Saliu TP, Seneviratne NN, Faizan M, Rajagopalan U, Perera DC, Adhikari A, Senathilake KS, Galhena P, Tennekoon KH, Samarakoon SR. In silico identification and in vitro validation of alpha-hederin as a potent inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in breast cancer stem cells. In Silico Pharmacol 2024; 12:31. [PMID: 38617708 PMCID: PMC11014832 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-024-00199-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a vital role in metastasis, recurrence and chemoresistance in breast cancer. β-catenin, which is a frequently over activated protein in CSCs, binds to T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (Tcf/Lef) family transcription factors leading to ectopic expression of Wnt pathway responsive genes necessary for the maintenance and action of CSCs. With the aim of identifying a small molecules that can effectively eliminate CSCs, molecular docking studies were performed against the Tcf/Lef binding hotspot on β-catenin using a library of 100 natural or synthetic small molecules. Small molecule ligands giving docking energy better than - 7 kcal/mol were further investigated by binding interactions analysis and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. These compounds were then investigated in vitro, for cytotoxicity against CSCs isolated from MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells. Alpha-hederin (AH) was identified as the only compound in the selected library that has cytotoxicity against breast CSCs. AH was further investigated for it's ability to regulate Wnt pathway target genes (Cyclin D1 and CD44)and the tumor suppressor p53by real-time quantitative PCR. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity properties of the AH was predicted in silico. AH significantly down regulated the transcription of Cyclin D1 and CD44 while up-regulating the transcription of p53. AH was predicted to have acceptable drug likeness. Although AH is currently known to inhibit the growth of various cancer cells in vitro, present study demonstrated for the first time that it is a potent inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and induce apoptosis in breast CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolulope Peter Saliu
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, 90, CumaratungaMunidasaMawatha, Colombo, 03 Sri Lanka
| | - Nirwani Natasha Seneviratne
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, 90, CumaratungaMunidasaMawatha, Colombo, 03 Sri Lanka
| | - Mishal Faizan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, 90, CumaratungaMunidasaMawatha, Colombo, 03 Sri Lanka
| | - Umapriyatharshini Rajagopalan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, 90, CumaratungaMunidasaMawatha, Colombo, 03 Sri Lanka
| | - Damith Chathuranga Perera
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, 90, CumaratungaMunidasaMawatha, Colombo, 03 Sri Lanka
| | - Achyut Adhikari
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Kanishka Sithira Senathilake
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, 90, CumaratungaMunidasaMawatha, Colombo, 03 Sri Lanka
| | - Prasanna Galhena
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, 90, CumaratungaMunidasaMawatha, Colombo, 03 Sri Lanka
| | - Kamani Hemamala Tennekoon
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, 90, CumaratungaMunidasaMawatha, Colombo, 03 Sri Lanka
| | - Sameera Ranganath Samarakoon
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, 90, CumaratungaMunidasaMawatha, Colombo, 03 Sri Lanka
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5
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Uroog L, Zeya B, Imtiyaz K, Ahmad Wani R, Moshahid Alam Rizvi M. FBXW7 polymorphism asserts susceptibility to colorectal cancer. Gene 2024; 901:148181. [PMID: 38244948 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
FBXW7, belonging to the F-Box protein family, is considered a candidate cancer susceptibility gene. Our findings indicate that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the FBXW7 gene are linked to cancer risk, strengthening FBXW7's role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Our case-control study comprised of 450 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) and an equal number of 450 healthy subjects. FBXW7 SNPs rs2255137C>T and rs6842544C>T were genotyped using PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and Single-Stranded Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) techniques and further cross-checked by direct sequencing. Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analyses of these SNPs were also assessed. The in-silico approach was used to reveal the functional analysis between the nonsynonymous variation (rs6842544) and CRC followed by its validation at the protein level by western blotting and reverse transcription-PCR. A significant association of colorectal cancer was detected with rs6842544 SNP. However, there was no association between FBXW7 rs2255137 polymorphism and CRC. The homozygous individuals carrying the C variant in FBXW7 rs6842544 showed a slightly higher risk for colorectal cancer (OR = 1.590, 95%CI = 0.39 ∼ 2.89, p = 0.011). The haplotype CC identified in this study seemed to be associated with good prognosis (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.00 ∼ 1.47, p = 0.0013) whereas the TT haplotype was found to reduce the CRC risk (OR = 0.642, 95%CI = 0.48 ∼ 0.84, p = 0.039). In-silico prediction proposed that the variant R133G is responsible for the lower expression of FBXW7. Additionally, the expression profiling of FBXW7 nonsynonymous SNP was significantly lower in primary CRC tissues than in the paired non-cancerous tissues at protein and mRNA levels. The study indicates that the FBXW7 rs6842544 is associated with the risk of development of CRC and could serve as a molecular biological marker to screen high-risk groups for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laraib Uroog
- Genome Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Bushra Zeya
- Genome Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Khalid Imtiyaz
- Genome Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Rauf Ahmad Wani
- Department of General Surgery, SKIMS, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - M Moshahid Alam Rizvi
- Genome Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India.
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6
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Zhang Z, Cao W, Xing H, Guo S, Huang L, Wang L, Sui X, Lu K, Luo Y, Wang Y, Yang J. A mix & act liposomes of phospholipase A2-phosphatidylserine for acute brain detoxification by blood‒brain barrier selective-opening. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1827-1844. [PMID: 38572103 PMCID: PMC10985032 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In the treatment of central nervous system disease, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major obstruction to drug delivery that must be overcome. In this study, we propose a brain-targeted delivery strategy based on selective opening of the BBB. This strategy allows some simple bare nanoparticles to enter the brain when mixed with special opening material; however, the BBB still maintains the ability to completely block molecules from passing through. Based on the screening of BBB opening and matrix delivery materials, we determined that phospholipase A2-catalyzed 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine liposomes can efficiently carry drugs into the brain immediately. At an effective dose, this delivery system is safe, especially with its effect on the BBB being reversible. This mix & act delivery system has a simple structure and rapid preparation, making it a strong potential candidate for drug delivery across the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institutes of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Wenbin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institutes of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Huanchun Xing
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Lijuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institutes of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institutes of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xin Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institutes of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Kui Lu
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institutes of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yongan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institutes of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institutes of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
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7
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Jurkiewicz M, Szczepaniak A, Zielińska M. Long non-coding RNAs - SNHG6 emerge as potential marker in colorectal cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189056. [PMID: 38104909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the leading cancers in terms of incidence and mortality in the Western world. Currently, there are no sufficient diagnostic markers that would enable an early diagnosis and efficient therapy. Unfortunately, a significant number of new CRC cases is detected in late stages, with distant metastases, therefore, new therapeutic approaches, which would alleviate the prognosis for advanced stages of CRC, are highly in demand. SNHG6 belongs to the group of long non-coding RNAs, which are a larger entity of RNAs consisting of >200 nucleotides. SNHG6 is expressed mainly in the cell cytoplasm, where it acts as a regulator of numerous processes: modulation of crucial protein hubs; sponging miRNAs and upregulating the expression of their target mRNAs; and interacting with various cellular pathways including TGF-β/Smad and Wnt/β-catenin. SNHG6 is an oncogene, substantially overexpressed in CRC tissues and cancerous cell lines as compared to healthy samples. Its overexpression is associated with higher grade, lymphovascular invasion and tumor size. Taking into consideration the role of SNHG6 in the colorectal tumorigenesis, invasion and metastasis, we summarized its role in CRC and conclude that it could serve as a potential biomarker in CRC diagnosis and prognosis assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Jurkiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Adrian Szczepaniak
- Department of NeuroOncology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Zielińska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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8
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Hakami MA, Hazazi A, Abdulaziz O, Almasoudi HH, Alhazmi AYM, Alkhalil SS, Alharthi NS, Alhuthali HM, Almalki WH, Gupta G, Khan FR. HOTAIR: A key regulator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade in cancer progression and treatment. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:154957. [PMID: 38000201 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR occupies a central position in the complex domain of cancer biology, particularly concerning its intricate interplay with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted interactions between HOTAIR and the Wnt/β-catenin cascade, elucidating their profound function in cancer growth, progression, and therapeutic strategies. The study commences by underscoring the pivotal role of the Wnt/β-catenin cascade in governing essential cellular activities, emphasizing its dysregulation as a linchpin in cancer initiation and advancement. It introduces HOTAIR as a crucial regulatory entity, influencing gene expression in both healthy and diseased. The core of this review plunges into the intricacies of HOTAIR's engagement with Wnt/β-catenin signaling. It unravels how HOTAIR, through epigenetic modifications and transcriptional control, exerts its influence over key pathway constituents, including β-catenin, Wnt ligands, and target genes. This influence drives unchecked cancer cell growth, invasion, and metastasis. Furthermore, the review underscores the clinical significance of the HOTAIR-Wnt/β-catenin interplay, elucidating its associations with diverse cancer subtypes, patient prognoses, and prospects as a therapy. It provides insights into ongoing research endeavors to develop HOTAIR-targeted treatments and initiatives to facilitate aberrant Wnt/β-catenin activation. Concluding on a forward-looking note, the article accentuates the broader implications of HOTAIR's involvement in cancer biology, including its contributions to therapy resistance and metastatic dissemination. It underscores the importance of delving deeper into these intricate molecular relationships to pave the way for groundbreaking cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ageeli Hakami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hazazi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Abdulaziz
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Hussain Almasoudi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Samia S Alkhalil
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahed S Alharthi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences. College of Applied Medical Sciences in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudia Arabia
| | - Hayaa M Alhuthali
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India; School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Farhan R Khan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Doghish AS, Zaki MB, Eldeib MG, Radwan AF, Moussa R, Abdel-Wahab MM, Kizilaslan EZ, Alhamshry NAA, Ashour AE, Elimam H. The potential relevance of long non-coding RNAs in colorectal cancer pathogenesis and treatment: A review focus on signaling pathways. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:155044. [PMID: 38141573 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent cancers in incidence and mortality. Despite advances in cancer biology, molecular genetics, and targeted treatments, CRC prognosis and survival have not kept pace. This is usually due to advanced staging and metastases at diagnosis. Thus, great importance has been placed upon understanding the molecular pathophysiology behind the development of CRC, which has highlighted the significance of non-coding RNA's role and associated intracellular signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of the disease. According to recent studies, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA), a subtype of ncRNAs whose length exceeds 200 nucleotides, have been found to have regulatory functions on multiple levels. Their actions at the transcription, post-transcriptional, translational levels, and epigenetic regulation have made them prime modulators of gene expression. Due to their role in cellular cancer hallmarks, their dysregulation has been linked to several illnesses, including cancer. Furthermore, their clinical relevance has expanded due to their possible detection in blood which has cemented them as potential future biomarkers and thus, potential targets for new therapy. This review will highlight the importance of lncRNAs and related signaling pathways in the development of CRC and their subsequent clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Gomaa Eldeib
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University - Kantara Branch, 41636 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Abdullah F Radwan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Rewan Moussa
- Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maie M Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University - Kantara Branch, 41636 Ismailia, Egypt
| | | | - Nora A A Alhamshry
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
| | - Abdelkader E Ashour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University, Ras Sudr, South Sinai, Egypt
| | - Hanan Elimam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt.
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10
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Gao L, Kyubwa EM, Starbird MA, Diaz de Leon J, Nguyen M, Rogers CJ, Menon N. Circulating miRNA profiles in COVID-19 patients and meta-analysis: implications for disease progression and prognosis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21656. [PMID: 38065980 PMCID: PMC10709343 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48227-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We compared circulating miRNA profiles of hospitalized COVID-positive patients (n = 104), 27 with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n = 18) to identify miRNA signatures associated with COVID and COVID-induced ARDS. Meta-analysis incorporating data from published studies and our data was performed to identify a set of differentially expressed miRNAs in (1) COVID-positive patients versus healthy controls as well as (2) severe (ARDS+) COVID vs moderate COVID. Gene ontology enrichment analysis of the genes these miRNAs interact with identified terms associated with immune response, such as interferon and interleukin signaling, as well as viral genome activities associated with COVID disease and severity. Additionally, we observed downregulation of a cluster of miRNAs located on chromosome 14 (14q32) among all COVID patients. To predict COVID disease and severity, we developed machine learning models that achieved AUC scores between 0.81-0.93 for predicting disease, and between 0.71-0.81 for predicting severity, even across diverse studies with different sample types (plasma versus serum), collection methods, and library preparations. Our findings provide network and top miRNA feature insights into COVID disease progression and contribute to the development of tools for disease prognosis and management.
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11
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Rahmani F, Mohammed Al-Asady A, Hanaie R, Zandigohar M, Faridnejad H, Payazdan M, Safavi P, Ryzhikov M, Hassanian SM. Interplay between lncRNA/miRNA and Wnt/ß-catenin signaling in brain cancer tumorigenesis. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:1211-1222. [PMID: 38204968 PMCID: PMC10776877 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Brain cancers are among the most aggressive malignancies with high mortality and morbidity worldwide. The pathogenesis of brain cancers is a very complicated process involving various genetic mutations affecting several oncogenic signaling pathways like Wnt/β-catenin axis. Uncontrolled activation of this oncogenic signaling is associated with decreased survival rate and poor prognosis in cancer patients. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) were shown to play important roles in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis by regulating the expression of their target genes. Aberrant expression of these non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) was reported in many human cancers, including glioblastoma, medulloblastoma, meningioma, and pituitary adenoma. Multiple lncRNAs were shown to participate in brain tumor pathogenesis by targeting Wnt signaling regulatory miRNAs. SNHG7/miR-5095, PCAT6/miR-139-3p, SNHG6/miR-944, SNHG1/ miR-556-5p, SNHG17/ miR-506-3p, LINC00702/miR-4652-3p, DLGAP1-AS1/miR-515-5p, HOTAIR/miR-1, HOTAIR/miR-206, CRNDE/miR-29c-3p, AGAP2-AS1/ miR-15a/b-5p, CLRN1-AS1/miR-217, MEG3/miR-23b-3p, and GAS5/miR-27a-5p are identified lncRNA/miRNA pairs that are involved in this process. Therefore, recognition of the expression profile and regulatory role of ncRNAs on the Wnt signaling may offer a novel approach to the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of human cancers. This review summarizes previous data on the modulatory role of lncRNAs/miRNAs on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway implicated in tumor growth, EMT, metastasis, and chemoresistance in brain cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Rahmani
- Kashmar School of Medical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abdulridha Mohammed Al-Asady
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Nursing, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reyhane Hanaie
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Zandigohar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | | | - Mahya Payazdan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Pegah Safavi
- Department of Medical Radiation, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mikhail Ryzhikov
- Saint Louis University, School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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12
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Ahmadieh-Yazdi A, Mahdavinezhad A, Tapak L, Nouri F, Taherkhani A, Afshar S. Using machine learning approach for screening metastatic biomarkers in colorectal cancer and predictive modeling with experimental validation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19426. [PMID: 37940644 PMCID: PMC10632378 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46633-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastasis accounts for the majority of fatalities associated with CRC. Early detection of metastasis is crucial for improving patient outcomes but can be delayed due to a lack of symptoms. In this research, we aimed to investigate CRC metastasis-related biomarkers by employing a machine learning (ML) approach and experimental validation. The gene expression profile of CRC patients with liver metastasis was obtained using the GSE41568 dataset, and the differentially expressed genes between primary and metastatic samples were screened. Subsequently, we carried out feature selection to identify the most relevant DEGs using LASSO and Penalized-SVM methods. DEGs commonly selected by these methods were selected for further analysis. Finally, the experimental validation was done through qRT-PCR. 11 genes were commonly selected by LASSO and P-SVM algorithms, among which seven had prognostic value in colorectal cancer. It was found that the expression of the MMP3 gene decreases in stage IV of colorectal cancer compared to other stages (P value < 0.01). Also, the expression level of the WNT11 gene was observed to increase significantly in this stage (P value < 0.001). It was also found that the expression of WNT5a, TNFSF11, and MMP3 is significantly lower, and the expression level of WNT11 is significantly higher in liver metastasis samples compared to primary tumors. In summary, this study has identified a set of potential biomarkers for CRC metastasis using ML algorithms. The findings of this research may provide new insights into identifying biomarkers for CRC metastasis and may potentially lay the groundwork for innovative therapeutic strategies for treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Ahmadieh-Yazdi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ali Mahdavinezhad
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Leili Tapak
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nouri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Taherkhani
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saeid Afshar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
- Cancer Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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13
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Yun H, You JE, Hong JK, Kim DY, Lee JU, Kang DH, Ryu YS, Koh DI, Jin DH. TCOF1 promotes the colorectal cancer progression by stabilizing β-catenin. Med Oncol 2023; 40:348. [PMID: 37935810 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02218-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the highest mortality rates worldwide, and various studies reported to the occurrence of CRC. In particular, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is known to be a major factor in the progression of CRC and β-catenin involved in the expression of its downstream target genes. We searched for TCOF1 through sliver staining to identify a new binding partner for β-catenin and to investigate the role of the gene involved in CRC. Treacle Ribosome Biogenesis Factor 1 (TCOF1) is a nucleolar protein that regulates the transcription of ribosomal DNA (rDNA). There are many reports of genetic studies on TCOF1 mutations and defects, but its function in CRC remains unknown. We demonstrated that TCOF1 and β-catenin expression in tissue microarray (TMA) containing 101 individual CRC and 17 adjacent normal samples. Additionally, the effects of TCOF1 knockdown or overexpression were examined proliferation, colony formation assay, western blot, and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). TCOF1 knockdown or overexpression regulates cell proliferation about three-fold and the phosphorylation of β-catenin, cyclin D1 expression levels. Besides, we discovered the mechanism through which TCOF1 regulates the stability of β-catenin was involved in degradation through proteasome using ubiquitination assay. Finally, we confirmed the interaction of TCOF1 with the tankyrase inhibitor NVP-TNKS656, which destabilizes β-catenin through in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, this study shows that significantly correlation was observed that TCOF1 and β-catenin were risk factor for tumor progression. The stability of β-catenin via regulating TCOF1 expression could be a potential strategy for therapeutic with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeseon Yun
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun You
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ki Hong
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Yeon Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-U Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hee Kang
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Seong Ryu
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-In Koh
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Ghobashi AH, Vuong TT, Kimani JW, Ladaika CA, Hollenhorst PC, O’Hagan HM. Activation of AKT induces EZH2-mediated β-catenin trimethylation in colorectal cancer. iScience 2023; 26:107630. [PMID: 37670785 PMCID: PMC10475482 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) develops in part through the deregulation of different signaling pathways, including activation of the WNT/β-catenin and PI3K/AKT pathways. Additionally, the lysine methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) is commonly overexpressed in CRC. EZH2 canonically represses gene transcription by trimethylating lysine 27 of histone H3, but also has non-histone substrates. Here, we demonstrated that in CRC, active AKT phosphorylated EZH2 on serine 21. Phosphorylation of EZH2 by AKT induced EZH2 to interact with and methylate β-catenin at lysine 49, which increased β-catenin's binding to the chromatin. Additionally, EZH2-mediated β-catenin trimethylation induced β-catenin to interact with TCF1 and RNA polymerase II and resulted in dramatic gains in genomic regions with β-catenin occupancy. EZH2 catalytic inhibition decreased stemness but increased migratory phenotypes of CRC cells with active AKT. Overall, we demonstrated that EZH2 modulates AKT-induced changes in gene expression through the AKT/EZH2/β-catenin axis in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H. Ghobashi
- Genome, Cell, and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Department of Biology, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Truc T. Vuong
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
- Cell, Molecular and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Jane W. Kimani
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Christopher A. Ladaika
- Genome, Cell, and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Department of Biology, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Peter C. Hollenhorst
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
- Cell, Molecular and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
- Tumor Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Heather M. O’Hagan
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
- Cell, Molecular and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
- Tumor Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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15
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Li Q, Luo H, Dai F, Wang R, Fan X, Luo Y, Deng M, Wang Y, Long T, Guo W, Xu B, Xu C, Jin H. SAMD9 Promotes Postoperative Recurrence of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Stimulating MYH9-Mediated GSK3β/β-Catenin Signaling. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2203573. [PMID: 36757050 PMCID: PMC10104667 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Recurrence is a challenge to survival after the initial treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). But, its mechanism remains elusive and there are currently no biomarkers to predict postoperative recurrence. Here, the possibility of sterile alpha motif domain-containing protein 9 (SAMD9) as a predictor of postoperative recurrence of ESCC is evaluated and the molecular mechanisms by which SAMD9 promotes ESCC recurrence are elucidated. The authors found that the high level of SAMD9 is correlated with postoperative recurrence and poor prognosis of ESCC. Overexpression of SAMD9 promotes tumor stemness, angiogenesis, and EMT, while downregulation of SAMD9 reduced these phenotypes. Mechanistically, it is found that SAMD9 stimulated ubiquitination-mediated glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) degradation by interaction with myosin-9 (MYH9) and TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), which in turn activated Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Further, the authors demonstrated that silencing SAMD9 inhibited lung metastasis and tumor formation in vivo. Finally, the authors found that silencing MYH9 or β-catenin, or overexpressing GSK-3β inhibited SAMD9-stimulated ESCC cell stemness, EMT, angiogenesis, metastasis, and tumorigenicity. Together, the findings indicate that the SAMD9/MYH9/GSK3β/β-catenin axis promotes ESCC postoperative recurrence and that SAMD9 is a crucial target for ESCC therapy. Additionally, SAMD9 has the potential as a predictor of postoperative recurrence in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryDaping HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing400042China
| | - Hao Luo
- Cancer CenterDaping HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing400042China
| | - Fu‐Qiang Dai
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryDaping HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing400042China
| | - Ren‐Tao Wang
- College of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China
| | - Xiao‐Qing Fan
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryDaping HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing400042China
| | - Yuan‐Yuan Luo
- School of MedicineChongqing UniversityChongqing400030China
| | - Meng‐Sheng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of TraumaResearch Institute of SurgeryArmy Medical UniversityChongqing400042China
| | - Yulun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
| | - Tan Long
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryDaping HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing400042China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryDaping HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing400042China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Oncology for Breast CancerChongqing University Cancer Hospital and Chongqing University School of MedicineChongqing400030China
| | - Cheng‐Xiong Xu
- School of MedicineChongqing UniversityChongqing400030China
| | - Hua Jin
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryDaping HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing400042China
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16
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Michalkova R, Kello M, Cizmarikova M, Bardelcikova A, Mirossay L, Mojzis J. Chalcones and Gastrointestinal Cancers: Experimental Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065964. [PMID: 36983038 PMCID: PMC10059739 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal (CRC) and gastric cancers (GC) are the most common digestive tract cancers with a high incidence rate worldwide. The current treatment including surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy has several limitations such as drug toxicity, cancer recurrence or drug resistance and thus it is a great challenge to discover an effective and safe therapy for CRC and GC. In the last decade, numerous phytochemicals and their synthetic analogs have attracted attention due to their anticancer effect and low organ toxicity. Chalcones, plant-derived polyphenols, received marked attention due to their biological activities as well as for relatively easy structural manipulation and synthesis of new chalcone derivatives. In this study, we discuss the mechanisms by which chalcones in both in vitro and in vivo conditions suppress cancer cell proliferation or cancer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Michalkova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Kello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martina Cizmarikova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Annamaria Bardelcikova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Ladislav Mirossay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jan Mojzis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
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17
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Smaldone G, Pecoraro G, Pane K, Franzese M, Ruggiero A, Vitagliano L, Salvatore M. The Oncosuppressive Properties of KCTD1: Its Role in Cell Growth and Mobility. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030481. [PMID: 36979172 PMCID: PMC10045846 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The KCTD protein family is traditionally regarded as proteins that play key roles in neurological physiopathology. However, new studies are increasingly demonstrating their involvement in many other biological processes, including cancers. This is particularly evident for KCTD proteins not involved in protein ubiquitination and degradation, such as KCTD1. We explored the role of KCTD1 in colorectal cancer by knocking down this protein in the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line, SW480. We re-assessed its ability to downregulate β-catenin, a central actor in the WNT/β-catenin signalling pathway. Interestingly, opposite effects are observed when the protein is upregulated in CACO2 colorectal cancer cells. Moreover, interrogation of the TCGA database indicates that KCTD1 downregulation is associated with β-catenin overexpression in colorectal cancer patients. Indeed, knocking down KCTD1 in SW480 cells led to a significant increase in their motility and stemness, two important tumorigenesis traits, suggesting an oncosuppressor role for KCTD1. It is worth noting that similar effects are induced on colorectal cancer cells by the misregulation of KCTD12, a protein that is distantly related to KCTD1. The presented results further expand the spectrum of KCTD1 involvement in apparently unrelated physiopathological processes. The similar effects produced on colorectal cancer cell lines by KCTD1 and KCTD12 suggest novel, previously unreported analogous activities among members of the KCTD protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katia Pane
- IRCCS SYNLAB SDN, Via E. Gianturco 113, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Alessia Ruggiero
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, C.N.R., 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Luigi Vitagliano
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, C.N.R., 80134 Napoli, Italy
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18
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Li R, Xu H, Gao X. The ceRNA network regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14143. [PMID: 36950593 PMCID: PMC10025087 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological process that transforms epithelial cells into a mesenchymal phenotype, conferring cell migration and invasion capabilities. EMT is involved in the progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, emerging evidence has shown dysregulation of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) was linked to EMT. ncRNAs, including long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), regulate the transcription of downstream target genes (mRNA) through interaction with microRNAs (miRNAs); these are termed competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks. CeRNA dysregulation-induced EMT, which is linked to the progression and prognosis of CRC, has attracted wide attention. However, understanding the role of the regulation of the ceRNA network in the EMT of CRC remains limited. We discuss the molecular functions of lncRNA, the ceRNA networks related to miRNAs and mRNAs in EMT, as well as EMT transcription factors, such as the zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1/2 (ZEB1/2), SNAIL, SLUG, and TWIST1/2. In addition, miRNAs and lncRNAs that directly target genes, thereby initiating different signaling pathways to promote EMT in CRC, were summarized. Clarifying the role of these molecules in EMT is critical for understanding molecular mechanisms and exploring the potential therapeutic targets of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruina Li
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hui Xu
- The Center of Clinical Laboratory, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Xiaoling Gao
- The Center of Clinical Laboratory, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou 570100, China
- Corresponding author.
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Vélez-Vargas LC, Santa-González GA, Uribe D, Henao-Castañeda IC, Pedroza-Díaz J. In Vitro and In Silico Study on the Impact of Chlorogenic Acid in Colorectal Cancer Cells: Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Interaction with β-Catenin and LRP6. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:276. [PMID: 37259421 PMCID: PMC9960681 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer mortality rate and highly altered proteins from the Wnt/β-catenin pathway increase the scientific community's interest in finding alternatives for prevention and treatment. This study aims to determine the biological effect of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on two colorectal cancer cell lines, HT-29 and SW480, and its interactions with β-catenin and LRP6 to elucidate a possible modulatory mechanism on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. These effects were determined by propidium iodide and DiOC6 for mitochondrial membrane permeability, MitoTracker Red for mitochondrial ROS production, DNA content for cell distribution on cell cycle phases, and molecular docking for protein-ligand interactions and binding affinity. Here, it was found that CGA at 2000 µM significantly affects cell viability and causes DNA fragmentation in SW480 cells rather than in HT-29 cells, but in both cell lines, it induces ROS production. Additionally, CGA has similar affinity and interactions for LRP6 as niclosamide but has a higher affinity for both β-catenin sites than C2 and iCRT14. These results suggest a possible modulatory role of CGA over the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Catalina Vélez-Vargas
- Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Aplicadas, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Medellin 050012, Colombia
- Productos Naturales Marinos, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin 050010, Colombia
| | - Gloria A. Santa-González
- Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Aplicadas, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Medellin 050012, Colombia
| | - Diego Uribe
- Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Aplicadas, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Medellin 050012, Colombia
| | - Isabel C. Henao-Castañeda
- Productos Naturales Marinos, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin 050010, Colombia
| | - Johanna Pedroza-Díaz
- Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Aplicadas, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Medellin 050012, Colombia
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20
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Ghobashi AH, Vuong TT, Kimani JW, O'Hagan HM. Activation of AKT induces EZH2-mediated β-catenin trimethylation in colorectal cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.31.526429. [PMID: 36778289 PMCID: PMC9915619 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.31.526429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) develops in part through the deregulation of different signaling pathways, including activation of the WNT/β-catenin and PI3K/AKT pathways. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is a lysine methyltransferase that is involved in regulating stem cell development and differentiation and is overexpressed in CRC. However, depending on the study EZH2 has been found to be both positively and negatively correlated with the survival of CRC patients suggesting that EZH2's role in CRC may be context specific. In this study, we explored how PI3K/AKT activation alters EZH2's role in CRC. We found that activation of AKT by PTEN knockdown or by hydrogen peroxide treatment induced EZH2 phosphorylation at serine 21. Phosphorylation of EZH2 resulted in EZH2-mediated methylation of β-catenin and an associated increased interaction between β-catenin, TCF1, and RNA polymerase II. AKT activation increased β-catenin's enrichment across the genome and EZH2 inhibition reduced this enrichment by reducing the methylation of β-catenin. Furthermore, PTEN knockdown increased the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes, and somewhat unexpectedly EZH2 inhibition further increased the expression of these genes. Consistent with these findings, EZH2 inhibition enhanced the migratory phenotype of PTEN knockdown cells. Overall, we demonstrated that EZH2 modulates AKT-induced changes in gene expression through the AKT/EZH2/ β-catenin axis in CRC with active PI3K/AKT signaling. Therefore, it is important to consider the use of EZH2 inhibitors in CRC with caution as these inhibitors will inhibit EZH2-mediated methylation of histone and non-histone targets such as β-catenin, which can have tumor-promoting effects.
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Shan W, Dai C, Zhang H, Han D, Yi Q, Xia B. ACY1 Downregulation Enhances the Radiosensitivity of Cetuximab-Resistant Colorectal Cancer by Inactivating the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225704. [PMID: 36428796 PMCID: PMC9688869 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of cetuximab-resistant colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global healthcare problem. This study aimed to assess the effects of radiotherapy on cetuximab-resistant CRC and explore the underlying mechanism. We established a cetuximab-resistant HCT116 cell line (HCT116-R) by extracorporeal shock. Differentially expressed mRNAs were screened from cells treated with different radiation doses using second-generation high-throughput sequencing. Sequence data showed that ACY1 was significantly downregulated in HCT116-R cells after irradiation. Analysis of the GEO and TCGA datasets revealed that high ACY1 expression was associated with lymph node metastasis and a poor prognosis in CRC patients. In addition, immunohistochemistry results from CRC patients revealed that ACY1 protein expression was related to cetuximab resistance and lymph node metastasis. These findings suggested that ACY1 may function as an oncogene to promote CRC progression and regulate the radiosensitivity of cetuximab-resistant CRC. As expected, ACY1 silencing weakened the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of HCT116-R cells after radiotherapy. Mechanistically, TCGA data demonstrated that ACY1 expression was closely related to the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in CRC. We validated that radiotherapy first reduced β-catenin levels, followed by decreased expression of the metastasis-related protein E-cadherin. Silencing ACY1 dramatically enhanced these changes in β-catenin and E-cadherin after radiotherapy. In conclusion, ACY1 downregulation could enhance the radiosensitivity of cetuximab-resistant CRC by inactivating Wnt/β-catenin signaling, implying that ACY1 may serve as a radiotherapy target for cetuximab-resistant CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wulin Shan
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230031, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Chunyang Dai
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230031, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- Department of Cancer Epigenetics Program, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Dan Han
- Department of Cancer Epigenetics Program, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Qiyi Yi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Y.); (B.X.)
| | - Bairong Xia
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230031, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Y.); (B.X.)
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Chen Q, Tang P, Huang H, Qiu X. Establishment of a circular RNA regulatory stemness-related gene pair signature for predicting prognosis and therapeutic response in colorectal cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:934124. [PMID: 35958575 PMCID: PMC9357884 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.934124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract with a poor prognosis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) affect disease outcomes and treatment responses in CRC. We developed a circular RNA (circRNA) regulatory stemness-related gene pair (CRSRGP) signature to predict CRC patient prognosis and treatment effects. Methods The circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA expression profiles and clinical information of CRC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. CRSRGPs were established based on stemness-related genes in the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. A CRSRGP signature was generated using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) and Cox regression analysis of TCGA training set. The prognosis was predicted by generating a nomogram integrating the CRSRGP signature and clinicopathologic features. The model was validated in an external validation set (GSE17536). The antitumor drug sensitivity and immunotherapy responses of CRC patients in the high-risk group (HRG) and low-risk group (LRG) were evaluated by the pRRophetic algorithm and immune checkpoint analysis. Results We established an 18-CRSRGP signature to predict the prognosis and treatment responses of CRC patients. In the training and external validation sets, risk scores were used to categorize CRC patients into the HRG and LRG. The Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a poor prognosis for patients in the HRG and that subgroups with different clinical characteristics had significantly different prognoses. A multivariate Cox analysis revealed that the CRSRGP signature was an independent prognostic factor. The nomogram integrating clinical features and the CRSRGP signature efficiently predicted CRC patient prognosis, outperformed the current TNM staging system, and had improved practical clinical value. Anticancer drug sensitivity predictions revealed that the tumors of patients in the HRG were more sensitive to pazopanib, sunitinib, gemcitabine, lapatinib, and cyclopamine. Analysis of immune checkpoint markers demonstrated that patients in the HRG were more likely to benefit from immunotherapy. Conclusion An efficient, reliable tool for evaluating CRC patient prognosis and treatment response was established based on the 18-CRSRGP signature and nomogram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Peng Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Huishen Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoqiang Qiu,
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Guo J, Zhao J, Fu W, Xu Q, Huang D. Immune Evasion and Drug Resistance Mediated by USP22 in Cancer: Novel Targets and Mechanisms. Front Immunol 2022; 13:918314. [PMID: 35935969 PMCID: PMC9347222 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.918314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of ubiquitination is involved in various processes in cancer occurrence and development, including cell cycle arrest, cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, and immunity. Ubiquitination plays an important role not only at the transcriptional and post-translational levels but also at the protein level. When ubiquitination is in a pathological state, abnormally activated biological processes will not only induce cancer progression but also induce immune evasion. The main function of deubiquitinases (DUBs) is to remove ubiquitin chains from substrates, changing the biological activity of the substrates. It has great potential to improve the prognosis of cancer by targeting DUB to regulate proteome. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22 (USP22) belongs to the ubiquitin-specific protease (USP) family of DUBs and has been reported to be related to various physiological and pathological processes. USP22 is abnormally expressed in various malignant tumors such as prostate cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, and colorectal cancer, which suggests that USP22 may play an important role in tumors. USP22 may stabilize programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) by deubiquitination while also regulating T-cell infiltration into tumors. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a unique class of immunosuppressive CD4+ T cells that primarily suppress the immune system by expressing the master transcription factor forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3). USP22 was found to be a positive regulator of stable FOXP3 expression. Treg-specific ablation of USP22 leads to reduced tumor volume in multiple cancer models. This suggests that USP22 may regulate tumor resistance to immunotherapy. In this article, we review and summarize the biological functions of USP22 in multiple signal transduction pathways during tumorigenesis, immune evasion, and drug resistance. Furthermore, we propose a new possibility of combining USP22 with chemotherapeutic, targeted, and immunosuppressive drugs in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Guo
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Fu
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiuran Xu
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Huang
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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Sitagliptin Potentiates the Anti-Neoplastic Activity of Doxorubicin in Experimentally-Induced Mammary Adenocarcinoma in Mice: Implication of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Angiogenesis, and Apoptosis. Sci Pharm 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm90030042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Sitagliptin (STG) is a highly selective dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor recently used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The current study aimed to investigate the anti-neoplastic effect of STG alone and in combination with Doxorubicin (Dox), a known chemotherapeutic agent but with ominous side effects. After intramuscular inoculation of 2 × 106 Ehrlich tumor cells, Female Swiss mice were divided into tumor-bearing control, STG-treated, Dox-treated, and a combination of STG and Dox-treated groups. The results showed a significant reduction in the tumor growth of the treated animals in comparison with those of the positive control group with a more prominent effect in the co-treated group. Where, the anti-proliferative and apoptotic effect of STG, and its chemo-sensitizing ability, when used in combination with Dox, was mediated by modulation of oxidative stress (MDA and GSH), attenuation of tumor inflammation (IL-6 and IL-1β), and angiogenesis (VEGF), suppressing proliferation (β-catenin and cyclin-D1) and enhancement of apoptosis (survivin, p53, caspase 3). Thus, in conclusion, STG as adjunctive therapy for Dox could be a strategy for the treatment of breast cancer patients, by their ability in hindering cell proliferation and minimizing the associated oxidative and inflammatory adverse reactions.
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Tatsuguchi A, Yamada T, Ueda K, Furuki H, Hoshimoto A, Nishimoto T, Omori J, Akimoto N, Gudis K, Tanaka S, Fujimori S, Shimizu A, Iwakiri K. Genetic analysis of Japanese patients with small bowel adenocarcinoma using next-generation sequencing. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:723. [PMID: 35778698 PMCID: PMC9250163 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09824-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small bowel adenocarcinomas (SBAs) are rare and there is little comprehensive data on SBA genomic alterations for Asian patients. This study aimed to profile genomic alterations of SBA in Japanese patients using targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS). METHODS We examined 22 surgical resections from patients with primary SBA. SBA genomic alterations were analyzed by NGS. Mismatch repair (MMR) status was determined by immunohistochemical analysis. Mucin phenotypes were classified as gastric (G), intestinal (I), gastrointestinal (GI), and null (N) types on MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6, and CD10 immunostaining. RESULTS The most common genomic alterations found in SBA tumors were TP53 (n = 16), followed by KRAS (n = 6), APC (n = 5), PIK3CA (n = 4), CTNNB1 (n = 3), KIT (n = 2), BRAF (n = 2), CDKN2A (n = 2), and PTEN (n = 2). Deficient MMR tumors were observed in 6 out of 22 patients. Tumor mucin phenotypes included 2 in G-type, 12 in I-type, 3 in GI-type, and 5 in N-type. APC and CTNNB1 mutations were not found in G-type and GI-type tumors. KRAS mutations were found in all tumor types except for G-type tumors. TP53 mutations were found in all tumor types. Although no single gene mutation was associated with overall survival (OS), we found that KRAS mutations were associated with significant worse OS in patients with proficient MMR tumors. CONCLUSIONS SBA genomic alterations in Japanese patients do not differ significantly from those reports in Western countries. Tumor localization, mucin phenotype, and MMR status all appear to impact SBA gene mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tatsuguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan. .,Department of Analytic Human Pathology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Yamada
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Koji Ueda
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Furuki
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Aitoshi Hoshimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nishimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Jun Omori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Naohiko Akimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Katya Gudis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Shu Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Shunji Fujimori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Akira Shimizu
- Department of Analytic Human Pathology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Iwakiri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
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Drug-Resistant Stem Cells: Novel Approach for Colon Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137055. [PMID: 35806056 PMCID: PMC9266363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic progression of female breast and colon cancer represents a major cause of mortality in women. Spontaneous/acquired resistance to conventional and targeted chemo-endocrine therapy is associated with the emergence of drug-resistant tumor-initiating cancer stem cell populations. The cancer-initiating premalignant stem cells exhibit activation of select cancer cell signaling pathways and undergo epithelial–mesenchymal transition, leading to the evolution of a metastatic phenotype. The development of reliable cancer stem cell models provides valuable experimental approaches to identify novel testable therapeutic alternatives for therapy-resistant cancer. Drug-resistant stem cell models for molecular subtypes of clinical breast cancer and for genetically predisposed colon cancer are developed by selecting epithelial cells that survive in the presence of cytostatic concentrations of relevant therapeutic agents. These putative stem cells are characterized by the expression status of select cellular and molecular stem cell markers. The stem cell models are utilized as experimental approaches to examine the stem-cell-targeted growth inhibitory efficacy of naturally occurring dietary phytochemicals. The present review provides a systematic discussion on (i) conceptual and experimental aspects relevant to the chemo-endocrine therapy of breast and colon cancer, (ii) molecular/cellular aspects of cancer stem cells and (iii) potential stem-cell-targeting lead compounds as testable alternatives against the progression of therapy-resistant breast and colon cancer.
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Shirmard LR, Shabani M, Moghadam AA, Zamani N, Ghanbari H, Salimi A. Protective Effect of Curcumin, Chrysin and Thymoquinone Injection on Trastuzumab-Induced Cardiotoxicity via Mitochondrial Protection. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2022; 22:663-675. [PMID: 35567651 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-022-09750-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction may lead to cardiomyocyte death in trastuzumab (TZM)-induced cardiotoxicity. Accordingly, this study was designed to evaluate the mitochondrial protective effects of curcumin, chrysin and thymoquinone alone in TZM-induced cardiotoxicity in the rats. Forty-eight male adult Wistar rats were divided into eight groups: control group (normal saline), TZM group (2.5 mg/kg I.P. injection, daily), TZM + curcumin group (10 mg/kg, I.P. injection, daily), TZM + chrysin (10 mg/kg, I.P. injection, daily), TZM + thymoquinone (0.5 mg/kg, I.P. injection, daily), curcumin group (10 mg/kg, I.P. injection, daily), chrysin group (10 mg/kg, I.P. injection, daily) and thymoquinone group (10 mg/kg, I.P. injection, daily). Blood and tissue were collected on day 11 and used for assessment of creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), troponin, malondialdehyde (MDA) amount, glutathione levels and mitochondrial toxicity parameters. TZM increased mitochondrial impairments (reactive oxygen species formation, mitochondrial swelling, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse and decline in succinate dehydrogenase activity) and histopathological alterations (hypertrophy, enlarged cell, disarrangement, myocytes degeneration, infiltration of fat in some areas, hemorrhage and focal vascular thrombosis) in rat heart. As well as TZM produced a significant increase in the level of CK, LDH, troponin, MDA, glutathione disulfide. In most experiments, the co-injection of curcumin, chrysin and thymoquinone with TZM restored the level of CK, LDH, troponin, MDA, GSH, mitochondrial impairments and histopathological alterations. The study revealed the cardioprotective effects of curcumin, chrysin and thymoquinone against TZM-induced cardiotoxicity which could be attributed to their antioxidant and mitochondrial protection activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Rezaie Shirmard
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 56189-53141, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Amin Ashena Moghadam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 56189-53141, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Nasim Zamani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 56189-53141, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Hadi Ghanbari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 56189-53141, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Ahmad Salimi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 56189-53141, Ardabil, Iran. .,Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
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28
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Li T, Hao Z, Tang Z, Li C, Cheng L, Wang T, Zhu X, He Y, Huang Y, Wang B. BAP31 Regulates Wnt Signaling to Modulate Cell Migration in Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:859195. [PMID: 35359416 PMCID: PMC8960194 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.859195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell receptor-associated protein 31 (BAP31) has been shown to overexpress in a wide range type of cancers. The present study aims to investigate the role of BAP31 on migration in lung cancer. Results showed that the migration of BAP31 knockdown cells was weaken than the control cells. Applying TGFβ to treat BAP31 knockdown cells could reduce cell migration. The enhancement on proliferation by TGFβ treatment was downregulated after BAP31 knockdown. The cell death and G0/G1 phase arrest was increased in the cells with TGFβ and BAP31 siRNA treatment when compared with TGFβ treatment alone. Gene expression analysis showed that Bax/Bcl2, MLKL and LC3 was upregulated in the cells with combinatorial treatment of TGFβ and BAP31 siRNA. In addition, BAP31 was shown to regulate multiple signaling pathways, especially for Wnt signaling. It found that BAP31 knockdown cells treated with TGFβ decreased β-catenin cytosolic expression and nuclear localization. Wnt signaling activator BIO could restore the downregulation of proliferation by BAP31 knockdown. This finding suggested that BAP31 regulated cancer cell migration is possibly involved with cell death mechanisms and Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bing Wang
- *Correspondence: Yongye Huang, ; Bing Wang,
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Telang N. Drug-Resistant Stem Cells: Novel Approach for Colon Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052519. [PMID: 35269660 PMCID: PMC8910557 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Next to breast cancer, advanced stage metastatic colon cancer represents a major cause for mortality in women. Germline or somatic mutations in tumor suppressor genes or in DNA mismatch repair genes represent risk factors for genetic predisposition of colon cancer that are also detectable in sporadic colon cancer. Conventional chemotherapy for colon cancer includes combination of 5-fluoro-uracil with oxaliplatin and irinotecan or targeted therapy with non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs and selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. Major limitations of these therapeutic interventions are associated with systemic toxicity, acquired tumor resistance and the emergence of drug resistant stem cells that favor initiation, progression and metastasis of therapy-resistant disease. These limitations emphasize an unmet need to identify tumor stem cell selective testable alternatives. Drug-resistant stem cell models facilitate the identification of new testable alternatives from natural phytochemicals and herbal formulations. The goal of this review is to provide an overview relevant to the current status of conventional/targeted therapy, the role of cancer stem cells and the status of testable alternatives for therapy-resistant colon cancer. Experimental models: Hyper-proliferative and tumorigenic cell lines from genetically predisposed colonic tissues of female mice represent experimental models. Chemotherapeutic agents select drug-resistant phenotypes that exhibit upregulated expressions of cellular and molecular stem cell markers. Mechanistically distinct natural phytochemicals effectively inhibit stem cell growth and downregulate the expressions of stem cell markers. CONCLUSIONS The present review discusses the status of colon cancer therapy and inherent limitations, cancer stem cell biology, potential lead compounds and their advantages over chemotherapy. The present experimental approaches will facilitate the identification of pharmacological and naturally-occurring agents as lead compounds for stem cell targeted therapy of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Telang
- Cancer Prevention Research Program, Palindrome Liaisons Consultants, Montvale, NJ 07645-1559, USA
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30
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Ding X, Yuan W, Yang H, Liu C, Li S, Zhu L. β-Catenin-Specific Inhibitor, iCRT14, Promotes BoHV-1 Infection-Induced DNA Damage in Human A549 Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells by Enhancing Viral Protein Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042328. [PMID: 35216447 PMCID: PMC8878024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) infection induces DNA damage in human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We found that BoHV-1 infection decreased the steady-state protein levels of p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1), which plays a central role in dictating DNA damage repair and maintaining genomic stability. Furthermore, BoHV-1 impaired the formation of 53BP1 foci, suggesting that BoHV-1 inhibits 53BP1-mediated DNA damage repair. Interestingly, BoHV-1 infection redistributed intracellular β-catenin, and iCRT14 (5-[[2,5-Dimethyl-1-(3-pyridinyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]methylene]-3-phenyl-2,4-thiazolidinedione), a β-catenin-specific inhibitor, enhanced certain viral protein expression, such as the envelope glycoproteins gC and gD, and enhanced virus infection-induced DNA damage. Therefore, for the first time, we provide evidence showing that BoHV-1 infection disrupts 53BP1-mediated DNA damage repair and suggest β-catenin as a potential host factor restricting both virus replication and DNA damage in A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyan Ding
- College of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (X.D.); (H.Y.); (C.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Weifeng Yuan
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Hao Yang
- College of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (X.D.); (H.Y.); (C.L.)
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (X.D.); (H.Y.); (C.L.)
| | - Shitao Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA;
| | - Liqian Zhu
- College of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (X.D.); (H.Y.); (C.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- Correspondence:
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