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Sharafutdinov I, Friedrich B, Rottner K, Backert S, Tegtmeyer N. Cortactin: A major cellular target of viral, protozoal, and fungal pathogens. Mol Microbiol 2024; 122:165-183. [PMID: 38868928 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.15284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Many viral, protozoal, and fungal pathogens represent major human and animal health problems due to their great potential of causing infectious diseases. Research on these pathogens has contributed substantially to our current understanding of both microbial virulence determinants and host key factors during infection. Countless studies have also shed light on the molecular mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions that are employed by these microbes. For example, actin cytoskeletal dynamics play critical roles in effective adhesion, host cell entry, and intracellular movements of intruding pathogens. Cortactin is an eminent host cell protein that stimulates actin polymerization and signal transduction, and recently emerged as fundamental player during host-pathogen crosstalk. Here we review the important role of cortactin as major target for various prominent viral, protozoal and fungal pathogens in humans, and its role in human disease development and cancer progression. Most if not all of these important classes of pathogens have been reported to hijack cortactin during infection through mediating up- or downregulation of cortactin mRNA and protein expression as well as signaling. In particular, pathogen-induced changes in tyrosine and serine phosphorylation status of cortactin at its major phospho-sites (Y-421, Y-470, Y-486, S-113, S-298, S-405, and S-418) are addressed. As has been reported for various Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, many pathogenic viruses, protozoa, and fungi also control these regulatory phospho-sites, for example, by activating kinases such as Src, PAK, ERK1/2, and PKD, which are known to phosphorylate cortactin. In addition, the recruitment of cortactin and its interaction partners, like the Arp2/3 complex and F-actin, to the contact sites between pathogens and host cells is highlighted, as this plays an important role in the infection process and internalization of several pathogens. However, there are also other ways in which the pathogens can exploit the function of cortactin for their needs, as the cortactin-mediated regulation of cellular processes is complex and involves numerous different interaction partners. Here, the current state of knowledge is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Sharafutdinov
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Barbara Friedrich
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Klemens Rottner
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Steffen Backert
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicole Tegtmeyer
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Yang X, Chen M, Wang S, Hu X, Zhou J, Yuan H, Zhu E, Wang B. Cortactin controls bone homeostasis through regulating the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Stem Cells 2024; 42:662-674. [PMID: 38655781 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxae031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Cortactin (CTTN), a cytoskeletal protein and substrate of Src kinase, is implicated in tumor aggressiveness. However, its role in bone cell differentiation remains unknown. The current study revealed that CTTN was upregulated during osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation. Functional experiments demonstrated that CTTN promoted the in vitro differentiation of mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. Mechanistically, CTTN was able to stabilize the protein level of mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR), leading to the activation of mTOR signaling. In-depth investigation revealed that CTTN could bind with casitas B lineage lymphoma-c (c-CBL) and counteract the function of c-CBL, a known E3 ubiquitin ligase responsible for the proteasomal degradation of mTOR. Silencing c-Cbl alleviated the impaired differentiation of osteoblasts and adipocytes caused by CTTN siRNA, while silencing mTOR mitigated the stimulation of osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation induced by CTTN overexpression. Notably, transplantation of CTTN-silenced bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) into the marrow of mice led to a reduction in trabecular bone mass, accompanied by a decrease in osteoblasts and an increase in osteoclasts. Furthermore, CTTN-silenced BMSCs expressed higher levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) than control BMSCs did and promoted osteoclast differentiation when cocultured with bone marrow-derived osteoclast precursor cells. This study provides evidence that CTTN favors osteoblast differentiation by counteracting the c-CBL-induced degradation of mTOR and inhibits osteoclast differentiation by downregulating the expression of RANKL. It also suggests that maintaining an appropriate level of CTTN expression may be advantageous for maintaining bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Yang
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Chen
- Department of hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Wang
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingli Hu
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Hairui Yuan
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Endong Zhu
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoli Wang
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, People's Republic of China
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Kurilla A, László L, Takács T, Tilajka Á, Lukács L, Novák J, Pancsa R, Buday L, Vas V. Studying the Association of TKS4 and CD2AP Scaffold Proteins and Their Implications in the Partial Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) Process. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15136. [PMID: 37894817 PMCID: PMC10606890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Identification of new molecular factors governing the invasiveness of colon cancer holds promise in developing screening and targeted therapeutic methods. The Tyrosine Kinase Substrate with four SH3 domains (TKS4) and the CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) have previously been linked to dynamic actin assembly related processes and cancer cell migration, although their co-instructive role during tumor formation remained unknown. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the TKS4-CD2AP interaction and study the interdependent effect of TKS4/CD2AP on oncogenic events. We identified CD2AP as a novel TKS4 interacting partner via co-immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry methods. The interaction was validated via Western blot (WB), immunocytochemistry (ICC) and proximity ligation assay (PLA). The binding motif of CD2AP was explored via peptide microarray. To uncover the possible cooperative effects of TKS4 and CD2AP in cell movement and in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), we performed gene silencing and overexpressing experiments. Our results showed that TKS4 and CD2AP form a scaffolding protein complex and that they can regulate migration and EMT-related pathways in HCT116 colon cancer cells. This is the first study demonstrating the TKS4-CD2AP protein-protein interaction in vitro, their co-localization in intact cells, and their potential interdependent effects on partial-EMT in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kurilla
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Loretta László
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Takács
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Álmos Tilajka
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laura Lukács
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Julianna Novák
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita Pancsa
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Buday
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Virág Vas
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
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Son H, Jee S, Cha H, Song K, Bang S, Kim H, Paik S, Park H, Myung J. Effects of Cortactin Expression on Prognosis in Patients with Breast Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2876. [PMID: 37761244 PMCID: PMC10530131 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13182876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cortactin is overexpressed in several types of invasive cancers. However, the role of cortactin expression in breast cancer prognosis has not been sufficiently elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the clinicopathological significance of cortactin in breast cancer. METHODS Tissue microarrays were prepared from a cohort of 506 patients with breast cancer, and cortactin expression was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. The cortactin immunoreactivity score (IRS) was quantified as the product of the intensity score and the percentage of immunoreactive cells. Cortactin expression was classified as low or high using the IRS (IRS ≤ 4 as a cortactin-low value and IRS > 4 as a cortactin-high value). We compared cortactin expression and clinicopathological factors according to the molecular subtypes of breast cancer. RESULTS Of 506 breast cancer cases, 333 and 173 showed high and low cortactin expression, respectively. Of the 333 patients with high cortactin expression, 204, 58, and 71 had luminal, HER2, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), respectively. In the univariate and multivariate analyses of patients with TNBC, cortactin expression was found to be a significant prognostic factor for overall survival (OS). However, in all patients with non-TNBC, cortactin expression had no significant association with prognosis or overall survival. Survival curves revealed that among patients with TNBC, the high-cortactin group had a better prognosis in disease-free survival and OS. CONCLUSIONS Cortactin expression may be a good biomarker for predicting the prognosis of patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hosub Park
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaekyung Myung
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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Hu HF, Gao GB, He X, Li YY, Li YJ, Li B, Pan Y, Wang Y, He QY. Targeting ARF1-IQGAP1 interaction to suppress colorectal cancer metastasis and vemurafenib resistance. J Adv Res 2023; 51:135-147. [PMID: 36396045 PMCID: PMC10491971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib is frequently observed in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), and it is a thorny issue that results in treatment failure. As adaptive responses for vemurafenib treatment, a series of cellular bypasses are response for the adaptive feedback reactivation of ERK signaling, which warrant further investigation. OBJECTIVES We identified ARF1 (ADP-ribosylation factor 1) as a novel regulator of both vemurafenib resistance and cancer metastasis, its molecular mechanism and potential inhibitor were investigated in this study. METHODS DIA-based quantitative proteomics and RNA-seq were performed to systematic analyze the profiling of vemurafenib-resistant RKO cells (RKO-VR) and highly invasive RKO cells (RKO-I8), respectively. Co‑immunoprecipitation assay was performed to detect the interaction of ARF1 and IQGAP1 (IQ-domain GTPase activating protein 1). An ELISA-based drug screen system on FDA-approved drug library was established to screen the compounds against the interaction of ARF1-IQGAP1.The biological functions of ARF1 and LY2835219 were determined by transwell, western blotting, Annexin V-FITC/PI staining and in vivo experimental metastasis assays. RESULTS We found that ARF1 strongly interacted with IQGAP1 to activate ERK signaling in VR and I8 CRC cells. Deletion of IQGAP1 or inactivation of ARF1 (ARF-T48S) restored the invasive ability induced by ARF1. As ARF1-IQGAP1 interaction is essential for ERK activation, we screened LY2835219 as novel inhibitor of ARF1-IQGAP1 interaction, which inactivated ERK signaling and suppressed CRC metastasis and vemurafenib-resistance in vitro and in vivo with no observed side effect. Furthermore, LY2835219 in combined treatment with vemurafenib exerted significantly inhibitory effect on ARF1-mediated cancer metastasis than used independently. CONCLUSION This study uncovers that ARF1-IQGAP1 interaction-mediated ERK signaling reactivation is critical for vemurafenib resistance and cancer metastasis, and that LY2835219 is a promising therapeutic agent for CRC both as a single agent and in combination with vemurafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Gui-Bin Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xuan He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yu-Ying Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yang-Jia Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bin Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - YunLong Pan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Yang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Qing-Yu He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Zhao Y, Hu F, Wang Q. Cortactin contributes to the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer by activating ERK/MMP pathway. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18289. [PMID: 37539204 PMCID: PMC10395536 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor with high mortality and high incidence. This study aims to explore the function and molecular mechanism of Cortactin on gastric cancer progression in vitro and in vivo. A bioinformatics analysis from TCGA displayed that Cortactin was highly expressed in gastric cancer samples, and patients with a high Cortactin level had a worse survival rate. Subsequently, we investigated the specific mechanism of action of A in gastric cancer by collecting patient samples for immunohistochemistry, WB, qRT-PCR, cell transfection, cell invasion and metastasis, and constructing tumor xenografts in nude mice. Overexpression of Cortactin inhibited apoptosis and enhanced cellular proliferation and mobility in AGS cells, while those activities were reversed by the knockdown of MMP2 or MMP9. Conversely, the deletion of Cortactin induced apoptosis and suppressed cell growth and metastasis in SGC7901 cells, whereas those behaviors were inhibited by overexpression of MMP2 or MMP9. Additionally, the ERK pathway was activated by Cortactin upregulation. In vivo studies presented that overexpression of Cortactin promoted tumor growth, increased Ki67 expression, and reduced caspase 3 expression, which was reversed by ERK inhibitor treatment. In conclusion, Cortactin acted as an oncogene in gastric cancer and exerted its function by ERK/MMP2/MMP9 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233004, China
| | - Fang Hu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233004, China
| | - Qizhi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233004, China
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Foroutan-Ghaznavi M, Mazloomi SM, Montazeri V, Pirouzpanah S. Dietary patterns in association with the expression of pro-metastatic genes in primary breast cancer. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:3267-3284. [PMID: 35484415 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02884-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metastasis is a major leading cause of mortality in female breast cancer (BrCa). Cellular motility is a pathological process of metastasis remarked by the overexpression of cortactin (CTTN), Ras homolog family member-A (RhoA), and Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) genes. Their balance is responsible for upholding the integrity of healthy epithelial cell junctions. This study aimed to explore the associations between a posteriori dietary patterns and the expression levels of pro-metastatic genes in primary BrCa. METHODS In this consecutive case series, 215 eligible women, newly diagnosed with histologically confirmed non-metastatic BrCa (stage I-IIIA), were recruited from Hospitals in Tabriz, Northwestern Iran (2015-2017). The tumoral expression levels of genes were quantified using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Dietary data assessment was carried out using a validated food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS Three dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis (KMO = 0.699). Adherence to the "vegan" pattern (vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, seeds, and whole grains) was inversely associated with the expression levels of RhoA (ORAdj.T3vs.T1 = 0.24, 95%CI 0.07-0.79) and ROCK (ORAdj.T3vs.T1 = 0.26, 95%CI 0.08-0.87). In addition, the highest adherence to the "prudent" pattern (spices, seafood, dairy, and vegetable oils) decreased the odds of overexpressions at RhoA (ORAdj.T3vs.T1 = 0.26, 95%CI 0.08-0.84) and ROCK genes (ORAdj.T3vs.T1 = 0.29, 95%CI 0.09-0.95). The highest adherence to "Western" pattern (meat, processed meat, hydrogenated fat, fast food, refined cereals, sweets, and soft drinks) was a risk factor associated with the overexpression of RhoA (ORAdj.T3vs.T1 = 3.15, 95%CI 1.12-8.85). CONCLUSION Adherence to healthy dietary patterns was significantly associated with the downregulation of pro-metastatic genes. Findings provided new implications to advance the nutrigenomic knowledge to prevent the odds of over-regulations in pro-metastatic genes of the primary BrCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Foroutan-Ghaznavi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 7134814336, Shiraz, Iran.,Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shahid Rajaee (Emtiaz) Trauma Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 7194815711, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed-Mohammad Mazloomi
- Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 7193635899, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 7134814336, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahid Montazeri
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166414766, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Surgery, Nour-Nejat Hospital, 5138665793, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Pirouzpanah
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran. .,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166414766, Tabriz, Iran.
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Mazloomi SM, Foroutan-Ghaznavi M, Montazeri V, Tavoosidana G, Fakhrjou A, Nozad-Charoudeh H, Pirouzpanah S. Profiling the expression of pro-metastatic genes in association with the clinicopathological features of primary breast cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:6. [PMID: 33407452 PMCID: PMC7789694 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01708-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis accounts for ninety percent of breast cancer (BrCa) mortality. Cortactin, Ras homologous gene family member A (RhoA), and Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) raise cellular motility in favor of metastasis. Claudins (CLDN) belong to tight junction integrity and are dysregulated in BrCa. Thus far, epidemiologic evidence regarding the association of different pro-metastatic genes with pathological phenotypes of BrCa is largely inconsistent. This study aimed to determine the possible transcriptional models of pro-metastatic genes incorporate in holding the integrity of epithelial cell-cell junctions (CTTN, RhoA, ROCK, CLDN-1, CLDN-2, and CLDN-4), for the first time, in association with clinicopathological features of primary BrCa. METHODS In a consecutive case-series design, 206 newly diagnosed non-metastatic eligible BrCa patients with histopathological confirmation (30-65 years) were recruited in Tabriz, Iran (2015-2017). Real-time RT-PCR was used. Then fold changes in the expression of target genes were measured. RESULTS ROCK amplification was associated with the involvement of axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM; ORadj. = 3.05, 95%CI 1.01-9.18). Consistently, inter-correlations of CTTN-ROCK (β = 0.226, P < 0.05) and RhoA-ROCK (β = 0.311, P < 0.01) were determined among patients diagnosed with ALNM+ BrCa. In addition, the overexpression of CLDN-4 was frequently observed in tumors identified by ALNM+ or grade III (P < 0.05). The overexpression of CTTN, CLDN-1, and CLDN-4 genes was correlated positively with the extent of tumor size. CTTN overexpression was associated with the increased chance of luminal-A positivity vs. non-luminal-A (ORadj. = 1.96, 95%CI 1.02-3.77). ROCK was also expressed in luminal-B BrCa tumors (P < 0.05). The estrogen receptor-dependent transcriptions were extended to the inter-correlations of RhoA-ROCK (β = 0.280, P < 0.01), ROCK-CLDN-2 (β = 0.267, P < 0.05), and CLDN-1-CLDN-4 (β = 0.451, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS For the first time, our findings suggested that the inter-correlations of CTTN-ROCK and RhoA-ROCK were significant transcriptional profiles determined in association with ALNM involvement; therefore the overexpression of ROCK may serve as a potential molecular marker for lymphatic metastasis. The provided binary transcriptional profiles need more approvals in different clinical features of BrCa metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed-Mohammad Mazloomi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 7193635899 Iran
| | - Mitra Foroutan-Ghaznavi
- Students’ Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 7134814336 Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166414766 Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614756 Iran
| | - Vahid Montazeri
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Surgery Ward, Nour-Nejat Hospital, Tabriz, 5166614766 Iran
| | - Gholamreza Tavoosidana
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417755469 Iran
| | - Ashraf Fakhrjou
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614766 Iran
| | | | - Saeed Pirouzpanah
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166414766 Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614756 Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614711 Iran
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Ji R, Zhu XJ, Wang ZR, Huang LQ. Cortactin in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:585619. [PMID: 33195233 PMCID: PMC7606982 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.585619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortactin, a member of the actin-binding protein family, plays an important role in cell movement involving the cytoskeleton, as cell movement mediated by cortactin may induce the epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Cortactin participates in tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion and other related disease processes by binding to different proteins and participating in different pathways and mechanisms that induce the occurrence of these disease processes. Therefore, this article reviews the correlations between cortactin, the actin cytoskeleton, and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition and discusses its clinical importance in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Ji
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhu
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi-Rong Wang
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li-Qiang Huang
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, China
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Castellanos-Martínez R, Jiménez-Camacho KE, Schnoor M. Cortactin Expression in Hematopoietic Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:958-967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Sae-Lim S, Soontornworajit B, Rotkrua P. Inhibition of Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation by Regulating Platelet-Derived Growth Factor B Signaling with a DNA Aptamer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:487-494. [PMID: 30803211 PMCID: PMC6897029 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.2.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Overexpression of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) is associated with colorectal carcinogenesis. PDGF-BB plays a role in the autocrine growth stimulation of cancer cells. Aptamers are short single-stranded oligonucleotides that can bind to cellular targets with high affinity and specificity and offer the advantage of non-immunogenicity, non-toxicity and high stability. Thus, they receive interest as potential therapeutic agents. Methods: The endogenous level of PDGF-BB in Caco-2 and SW480, colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, was evaluated using ELISA. The effect of the PDGF-BB aptamer on cell proliferation was investigated in two CRC cell lines and CCD841 CoN, normal colon cells. The effective molar ratio between PDGF-BB and PDGF-BB aptamer was further explored. Cell viability in all experiments was analyzed using MTS assay. Western blotting was performed to examine the alteration of relevant signaling pathways. Results: Caco-2 and SW480 cells endogenously synthesized and secreted PDGF-BB to stimulate their growth. Cells treated with the PDGF-BB aptamer proliferated at a slower rate, but CCD841 CoN did not. Pre-incubation of PDGF-BB with the corresponding aptamer at the molar ratio 1:1 could significantly silence its proliferative effect on CRC cells. Western blot analysis revealed that the phosphorylation level of ERK1/2, a key component in PDGF downstream signaling pathway, was down-regulated by the aptamer, indicating the underlying mechanism of inhibition of CRC cell proliferation. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that using a DNA aptamer to interfere with the binding of PDGF-BB to its receptor suppressed CRC cell proliferation in part via down-regulation of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. It raised the possibility that the PDGF-BB-specific aptamer could be a promising therapeutic agent for CRC targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvaraporn Sae-Lim
- Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand.
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12
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Pizzi M, Trentin L, Visentin A, Saraggi D, Martini V, Guzzardo V, Righi S, Frezzato F, Piazza F, Sabattini E, Semenzato G, Rugge M. Cortactin expression in non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas: a new marker for the differential diagnosis between chronic lymphocytic leukemia and mantle cell lymphoma. Hum Pathol 2018; 85:251-259. [PMID: 30458196 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cortactin is a cytoskeletal-remodeling adaptor protein, playing an oncogenic role in solid tumors. Little is known on cortactin expression in non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas (B-NHLs). The present study aimed to characterize cortactin expression in B-NHLs and to assess its role in the differential diagnosis of such entities. Cortactin protein expression was first assessed by immunohistochemistry in a series of 131 B-NHLs, including B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL; n = 17), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL; n = 16), follicular lymphoma (FL; n = 25), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL; n = 30), hairy cell leukemia (HCL; n = 10), splenic diffuse red pulp small B-cell lymphomas (SDRPBL; n = 3), and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL; n = 30) cases. Cortactin was expressed in 14 of 17 CLLs, 10 of 10 HCLs, and 22 of 30 DLBCLs. MCLs, SDRPBLs, most FLs, and MZLs were cortactin negative. The immunohistochemical results were in keeping with in silico gene expression data. In CLL, cortactin positivity did correlate with LEF1 and CD200 expression, and the combined positivity for ≥2 markers strongly predicted CLL diagnosis. Such preliminary data suggested a role for cortactin in the differential diagnosis between CLL and MCL. This hypothesis was confirmed in a large validation set of 112 CLLs (n = 55) and MCLs (n = 57), which also disclosed rare cortactin-expressing MCLs. The immunohistochemical and gene expression results were sustained by flow cytometry and Western blot analysis on CLL and MCL cell lines. In conclusion, cortactin is mainly expressed in subsets of CLL and DLBCL and in HCL. Cortactin may represent a novel marker for the differential diagnosis between CLL and MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Pizzi
- General Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, 35121 Italy.
| | - Livio Trentin
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, 35128 Italy
| | - Andrea Visentin
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, 35128 Italy
| | - Deborah Saraggi
- General Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, 35121 Italy
| | - Veronica Martini
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, 35128 Italy
| | - Vincenza Guzzardo
- General Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, 35121 Italy
| | - Simona Righi
- Hematopathology Unit, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Sant'Orsola University Hospital, Bologna, 40138 Italy; Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Sant'Orsola University Hospital, Bologna, 40138 Italy
| | - Federica Frezzato
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, 35128 Italy
| | - Francesco Piazza
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, 35128 Italy
| | - Elena Sabattini
- Hematopathology Unit, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Sant'Orsola University Hospital, Bologna, 40138 Italy; Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Sant'Orsola University Hospital, Bologna, 40138 Italy
| | - Gianpietro Semenzato
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, 35128 Italy
| | - Massimo Rugge
- General Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, 35121 Italy
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13
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Noi M, Mukaisho KI, Yoshida S, Murakami S, Koshinuma S, Adachi T, Machida Y, Yamori M, Nakayama T, Yamamoto G, Sugihara H. ERK phosphorylation functions in invadopodia formation in tongue cancer cells in a novel silicate fibre-based 3D cell culture system. Int J Oral Sci 2018; 10:30. [PMID: 30344309 PMCID: PMC6196225 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-018-0033-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To screen for additional treatment targets against tongue cancer, we evaluated the contributions of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), AKT and ezrin in cancer development. Immunohistochemical staining showed that ERK and ezrin expressions were significantly higher in invasive squamous cell carcinoma than in carcinoma in situ. To investigate the roles of ERK and ezrin in cancer development, we used the non-woven silica fibre sheet CellbedTM with a structure resembling the loose connective tissue morphology in a novel 3D culture system. We confirmed that the 3D system using CellbedTM accurately mimicked cancer cell morphology in vivo. Furthermore, cell projections were much more apparent in 3D-cultured tongue cancer cell lines than in 2D cultures. Typically, under conventional 2D culture conditions, F-actin and cortactin are colocalized in the form of puncta within cells. However, in the 3D-cultured cells, colocalization was mainly observed at the cell margins, including the projections. Projections containing F-actin and cortactin colocalization were predicted to be invadopodia. Although suppressing ezrin expression with small interfering RNA transfection caused no marked changes in morphology, cell projection formation was decreased, and the tumour thickness in vertical sections after 3D culture was markedly decreased after suppressing ERK activity because both the invasion ability and proliferation were inhibited. An association between cortactin activation as well as ERK activity and invadopodia formation was detected. Our novel 3D culture systems using Cellbed™ are simple and useful for in vitro studies before conducting animal experiments. ERK contributes to tongue cancer development by increasing both cancer cell proliferation and migration via cortactin activation. Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) are enzymes that are involved in a variety of cell functions, and one in vitro study suggests that ERKs play a role in tongue cancer development by increasing cancer cell proliferation and migration. Using a novel 3-D cell culture system called Cellbed to mimic cancer cell morphology, a team headed by Ken-ichi Mukaisho at Shiga University of Medical Science, Japan found that ERKs activate cortactin (a protein located in the cell cytoplasm) and contribute to the formation of invadopodia (invasive cell protrusions associated with cancer cells) in tongue cancer cells and tumor development. The authors conclude that experimental 3-D cell culture systems employing Cellbed are easily implemented and useful for in vitro studies before conducting animal experiments and that they can be widely applied in cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaharu Noi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ōtsu, Shiga, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ōtsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Mukaisho
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ōtsu, Shiga, Japan.
| | - Saori Yoshida
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ōtsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shoko Murakami
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ōtsu, Shiga, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ōtsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shinya Koshinuma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ōtsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takeshi Adachi
- Dental Oral Surgery, Nagahama Red Cross Hospital, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yoshisato Machida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ōtsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamori
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ōtsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takahisa Nakayama
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ōtsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Gaku Yamamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ōtsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sugihara
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ōtsu, Shiga, Japan
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14
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Koya Y, Liu W, Yamakita Y, Senga T, Shibata K, Yamashita M, Nawa A, Kikkawa F, Kajiyama H. Hematopoietic lineage cell-specific protein 1 (HS1), a hidden player in migration, invasion, and tumor formation, is over-expressed in ovarian carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:32609-32623. [PMID: 30220969 PMCID: PMC6135686 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic lineage cell-specific protein 1 (HS1), which is the hematopoietic homolog of cortactin, is an actin-binding protein and Lyn substrate. It is upregulated in several cancers and its expression level is associated with increased cell migration, metastasis, and poor prognosis. Here we investigated the expression and roles of HS1 in ovarian carcinoma cells. We analyzed the expression of HS1 in 171 ovarian cancer specimens and determined the association between HS1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics, including patient outcomes. In patients with stage II-IV disease, positive HS1 expression was associated with significantly worse overall survival than negative expression (P < 0.05). HS1 was localized in invadopodia in some ovarian cancer cells and was required for invadopodia formation. Migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells were suppressed by down-regulation of HS1, but increased in cells that over-expressed exogenous HS1. Furthermore, ovarian cancer cells that expressed HS1 shRNA exhibited reduced tumor formation in a mouse xenograft model. Finally, we found that tyrosine phosphorylation of HS1 was essential for cell migration and invasion. These findings show that HS1 is a useful biomarker for the prognosis of patients with ovarian carcinoma and is a critical regulator of cytoskeleton remodeling involved in cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Koya
- Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan.,Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Wenting Liu
- Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan.,Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Yamakita
- Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan.,Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Kiyosumi Shibata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujita Health University, Banbuntane Hotokukai Hospital, Nakagawa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mamoru Yamashita
- Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nawa
- Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan.,Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kikkawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
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15
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Felicio PS, Bidinotto LT, Melendez ME, Grasel RS, Campacci N, Galvão HCR, Scapulatempo-Neto C, Dufloth RM, Evangelista AF, Palmero EI. Genetic alterations detected by comparative genomic hybridization in BRCAX breast and ovarian cancers of Brazilian population. Oncotarget 2018; 9:27525-27534. [PMID: 29938003 PMCID: PMC6007956 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background About 5–10% of breast/ovarian cancers are hereditary. However, for a large proportion of cases (around 50%), the genetic cause remains unknown. These cases are grouped in a separated BRCAX category. The aim of this study was to identify genomic alterations in BRCA1/BRCA2 wild-type tumor samples from women with family history strongly suggestive of hereditary breast/ovarian cancer. Results A cohort of 31 Brazilian women was included in the study. Using the GISTIC algorithm, we identified 20 regions with genomic gains and 31 with losses. The most frequent altered regions were 1q21.2, 6p22.1 and 8p23.3 in breast tumors and Xq26 and Xp22.32-22.31 among the ovarian cancer cases. An interesting association identified was the loss of 22q13.31-13.32 and the presence of ovarian cancer cases. Among the genes present in the frequently altered regions, we found FGFR1, NSMCE2, CTTN, CRLF2, ERBB2, STARD3, MIR3201 and several genes of RAET and ULBP family. Conclusions In conclusion, our results suggest that alterations on chromosomes 1, 6, 8 and X are common on BRCAX tumors and that the loss on 22q can be associated with the presence of ovarian cancer. Methods DNA copy number alterations were analyzed by 60K array comparative genomic hybridization in breast and ovarian FFPE tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Silva Felicio
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Tadeu Bidinotto
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil.,Barretos School of Health Sciences-FACISB, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Natalia Campacci
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Edenir Inêz Palmero
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil.,Barretos School of Health Sciences-FACISB, Barretos, SP, Brazil
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16
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Liu W, Kajiyama H, Shibata K, Koya Y, Senga T, Kikkawa F. Hematopoietic lineage cell-specific protein 1 immunoreactivity indicates an increased risk of poor overall survival in patients with ovarian carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:9406-9412. [PMID: 29805664 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic lineage cell-specific protein 1 (HS1) is a 75-kDa intracellular protein that is expressed primarily in hematopoietic cells. Several previous studies have demonstrated the association between HS1 expression and a poor prognosis in hematopoietic malignancies; however, in solid tumors, no studies not been reported. The present study examined the distribution and expression of HS1 in human epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) to determine its clinical significance. Paraffin sections were obtained from EOC tissues and immunostained with HS1 antibody, and then the staining intensities were evaluated. Overall survival (OS) was determined using the Kaplan-Meier estimator method, and multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazards analysis. In total, 195 patients with EOC (median age, 56 years) were enrolled into the present study. HS1 immunoreactivity was categorized based on expression levels: Low (89/195; 45.6%) and high (106/195; 54.4%). Results demonstrated no association between expression level(s) and any clinicopathological parameter including age, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging, type of chemotherapy or type of surgery received. The 5-year OS rates of patients who demonstrated low (n=89) and high (n=106) HS1 expression were 90.4 and 66.7%, respectively. The OS times for patients with high HS1 expression were significantly shorter compared with those for patients exhibiting low HS1 expression (P=0.0065). Results obtained from the multivariate analysis demonstrated that the FIGO stage and the amount of HS1 expressed were significant independent prognostic markers for poorer OS (hazard ratio, 3.539; 95% confidence interval, 1.221-12.811; P=0.0187). High HS1 expression levels may serve as a useful biomarker in patients with EOC who are likely to exhibit an unfavorable clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Liu
- Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 4668550, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Kiyosumi Shibata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Koya
- Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 4668550, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Takeshi Senga
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kikkawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 4668550, Japan
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17
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Wang ZN, Liu D, Yin B, Ju WY, Qiu HZ, Xiao Y, Chen YJ, Peng XZ, Lu CM. High expression of PTBP1 promote invasion of colorectal cancer by alternative splicing of cortactin. Oncotarget 2018; 8:36185-36202. [PMID: 28404950 PMCID: PMC5482648 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1) involving in almost all steps of mRNA regulation including alternative splicing metabolism during tumorigenesis due to its RNA-binding activity. Initially, we found that high expressed PTBP1 and poor prognosis was interrelated in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with stages II and III CRC, which widely different in prognosis and treatment, by immunohistochemistry. PTBP1 was also upregulated in colon cancer cell lines. In our study, knockdown of PTBP1 by siRNA transfection decreased cell proliferation and invasion in vitro. Denovirus shRNA knockdown of PTBP1 inhibited colorectal cancer growth in vivo. Furthermore, PTBP1 regulates alternative splicing of many target genes involving in tumorgenesis in colon cancer cells. We confirmed that the splicing of cortactin exon 11 which was only contained in cortactin isoform-a, as a PTBP1 target. Knockdown of PTBP1 decreased the expression of cortactin isoform-a by exclusion of exon 11. Also the mRNA levels of PTBP1 and cortactin isoform-a were cooperatively expressed in colorectal cancer tissues. Knocking down cortactin isoform-a significantly decreased cell migration and invasion in colorectal cancer cells. Overexpression of cortactin isoform-a could rescue PTBP1-knockdown effect of cell motility. In summary the study revealed that PTBP1 facilitates colorectal cancer migration and invasion activities by inclusion of cortactin exon 11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Na Wang
- Department of Gastroenteology and Hepatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Gastroenteology and Hepatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bin Yin
- National Laboratory of Meidical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Yi Ju
- National Laboratory of Meidical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Zhong Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Jia Chen
- Department of Gastroenteology and Hepatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Zhong Peng
- National Laboratory of Meidical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chong-Mei Lu
- Department of Gastroenteology and Hepatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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18
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Marioni G, Brescia G, Nicolè L, Marchese-Ragona R, Barion U, Giacomelli L, Marino F, Martini A, Ottaviano G. Survivin and cortactin expression in sinonasal schneiderian (inverted) papilloma and associated carcinoma. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2018; 32:78-81. [DOI: 10.1177/1945892418762644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Sinonasal inverted (schneiderian) papilloma (IP) is histologically benign but shows a propensity for malignant transformation. Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of the apoptosis family of proteins that controls cell division, apoptosis, metastasis, and, probably, also neoangiogenesis, is overexpressed in essentially all human cancers. Overexpression of the multidomain protein cortactin has also been associated with increased cell migration, invasion, and metastatic potential in several malignancies. Objective: The aim of the present study was to preliminarily investigate survivin and cortactin expression in a consecutive series of sinonasal IPs, and IP-associated squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Methods: Immunohistochemical expression of nuclear survivin and cortactin was measured in 19 consecutive sinonasal IPs and 3 IP-associated SCCs. Results: The mean ± standard deviation nuclear survivin expression was 9.4 ± 9.2% and 31.7% ± 15.4% in sinonasal IPs and SCCs, respectively (p < 0.0001). Results of cortactin immunostaining was strongly positive in the cytoplasm of both sinonasal IPs and SCCs: no significant difference emerged between the IP and SCC epithelial components. Conclusion: Nuclear survivin expression was significantly higher in SCCs than in IPs. Prospective, multi-institutional prognostic studies, preferably on an international scale (given the few cases treated at single institutions), are needed to confirm the role of survivin in IP malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gino Marioni
- From the Otolaryngology Section,
Department of Neurosciences, Padova University, Padova, Italy, and
| | - Giuseppe Brescia
- From the Otolaryngology Section,
Department of Neurosciences, Padova University, Padova, Italy, and
| | - Lorenzo Nicolè
- Department of Medicine, Padova
University, Padova, Italy
| | - Rosario Marchese-Ragona
- From the Otolaryngology Section,
Department of Neurosciences, Padova University, Padova, Italy, and
| | - Umberto Barion
- From the Otolaryngology Section,
Department of Neurosciences, Padova University, Padova, Italy, and
| | | | - Filippo Marino
- Department of Medicine, Padova
University, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Martini
- From the Otolaryngology Section,
Department of Neurosciences, Padova University, Padova, Italy, and
| | - Giancarlo Ottaviano
- From the Otolaryngology Section,
Department of Neurosciences, Padova University, Padova, Italy, and
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19
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Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor 1 Is Required for MMP-2 Function in Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Implications for Cytoskeleton Assembly and Proliferation. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:5034679. [PMID: 29713350 PMCID: PMC5866864 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5034679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell- (BM-MSC-) based therapy is a promising option for regenerative medicine. An important role in the control of the processes influencing the BM-MSC therapeutic efficacy, namely, extracellular matrix remodelling and proliferation and secretion ability, is played by matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 2. Therefore, the identification of paracrine/autocrine regulators of MMP-2 function may be of great relevance for improving BM-MSC therapeutic potential. We recently reported that BM-MSCs release the bioactive lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and, here, we demonstrated an impairment of MMP-2 expression/release when the S1P receptor subtype S1PR1 is blocked. Notably, active S1PR1/MMP-2 signalling is required for F-actin structure assembly (lamellipodia, microspikes, and stress fibers) and, in turn, cell proliferation. Moreover, in experimental conditions resembling the damaged/regenerating tissue microenvironment (hypoxia), S1P/S1PR1 system is also required for HIF-1α expression and vinculin reduction. Our findings demonstrate for the first time the trophic role of S1P/S1PR1 signalling in maintaining BM-MSCs' ability to modulate MMP-2 function, necessary for cytoskeleton reorganization and cell proliferation in both normoxia and hypoxia. Altogether, these data provide new perspectives for considering S1P/S1PR1 signalling a pharmacological target to preserve BM-MSC properties and to potentiate their beneficial potential in tissue repair.
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20
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Castosa R, Martinez-Iglesias O, Roca-Lema D, Casas-Pais A, Díaz-Díaz A, Iglesias P, Santamarina I, Graña B, Calvo L, Valladares-Ayerbes M, Concha Á, Figueroa A. Hakai overexpression effectively induces tumour progression and metastasis in vivo. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3466. [PMID: 29472634 PMCID: PMC5823865 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21808-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
At early stages of carcinoma progression, epithelial cells undergo a program named epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition characterized by the loss of the major component of the adherens junctions, E-cadherin, which in consequence causes the disruption of cell-cell contacts. Hakai is an E3 ubiquitin-ligase that binds to E-cadherin in a phosphorylated-dependent manner and induces its degradation; thus modulating cell adhesions. Here, we show that Hakai expression is gradually increased in adenoma and in different TNM stages (I-IV) from colon adenocarcinomas compared to human colon healthy tissues. Moreover, we confirm that Hakai overexpression in epithelial cells drives transformation in cells, a mesenchymal and invasive phenotype, accompanied by the downregulation of E-cadherin and the upregulation of N-cadherin, and an increased proliferation and an oncogenic potential. More importantly, for the first time, we have studied the role of Hakai during cancer progression in vivo. We show that Hakai-transformed MDCK cells dramatically induce tumour growth and local invasion in nude mice and tumour cells exhibit a mesenchymal phenotype. Furthermore, we have detected the presence of micrometastasis in the lung mice, further confirming Hakai role during tumour metastasis in vivo. These results lead to the consideration of Hakai as a potential new therapeutic target to block tumour development and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Castosa
- Epithelial Plasticity and Metastasis Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Sergas, Spain
| | - Olaia Martinez-Iglesias
- Epithelial Plasticity and Metastasis Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Sergas, Spain
| | - Daniel Roca-Lema
- Epithelial Plasticity and Metastasis Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Sergas, Spain
| | - Alba Casas-Pais
- Epithelial Plasticity and Metastasis Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Sergas, Spain
| | - Andrea Díaz-Díaz
- Epithelial Plasticity and Metastasis Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Sergas, Spain
| | - Pilar Iglesias
- Epithelial Plasticity and Metastasis Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Sergas, Spain.,Pathology Department, INIBIC, CHUAC, Sergas, UDC, Spain
| | - Isabel Santamarina
- Clinical and Translational Oncology Group, INIBIC, CHUAC, Sergas, UDC, Spain
| | - Begoña Graña
- Clinical and Translational Oncology Group, INIBIC, CHUAC, Sergas, UDC, Spain
| | - Lourdes Calvo
- Clinical and Translational Oncology Group, INIBIC, CHUAC, Sergas, UDC, Spain
| | | | - Ángel Concha
- Pathology Department, INIBIC, CHUAC, Sergas, UDC, Spain
| | - Angélica Figueroa
- Epithelial Plasticity and Metastasis Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Sergas, Spain.
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Zhang Y, Chen P, Yin W, Ji Y, Shen Q, Ni Q. Nectin-4 promotes gastric cancer progression via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Hum Pathol 2018; 72:107-116. [PMID: 29208564 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nectin-4, a member of the Nectin family that includes 4 Ca+-independent immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules, plays a carcinogenic role in multiple cancers. However, Nectin-4 expression and its biological role in gastric cancer (GC) remain largely unknown. In this study, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate the expression patterns of Nectin-4 in GC specimens and cell lines. We observed that high expression of Nectin-4 in GC patients was associated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis status, and poor prognosis. In addition, cell proliferation and cell migration assays in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo were performed to observe the effects of up-regulation and down-regulation of Nectin-4 expression on GC cell phenotypes. In further studies, the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was revealed to be involved in Nectin-4-mediated GC progression. These results demonstrated that Nectin-4 had a promoter effect on human GC cell growth and motility, indicating that Nectin-4 may serve as an effective therapeutic target in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Peisheng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Wei Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Ye Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Qin Shen
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Qingfeng Ni
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
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22
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Molinie N, Gautreau A. The Arp2/3 Regulatory System and Its Deregulation in Cancer. Physiol Rev 2017; 98:215-238. [PMID: 29212790 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00006.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Arp2/3 complex is an evolutionary conserved molecular machine that generates branched actin networks. When activated, the Arp2/3 complex contributes the actin branched junction and thus cross-links the polymerizing actin filaments in a network that exerts a pushing force. The different activators initiate branched actin networks at the cytosolic surface of different cellular membranes to promote their protrusion, movement, or scission in cell migration and membrane traffic. Here we review the structure, function, and regulation of all the direct regulators of the Arp2/3 complex that induce or inhibit the initiation of a branched actin network and that controls the stability of its branched junctions. Our goal is to present recent findings concerning novel inhibitory proteins or the regulation of the actin branched junction and place these in the context of what was previously known to provide a global overview of how the Arp2/3 complex is regulated in human cells. We focus on the human set of Arp2/3 regulators to compare normal Arp2/3 regulation in untransformed cells to the deregulation of the Arp2/3 system observed in patients affected by various cancers. In many cases, these deregulations promote cancer progression and have a direct impact on patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Molinie
- Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 7654, Palaiseau, France; and Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Life Sciences Center, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Alexis Gautreau
- Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 7654, Palaiseau, France; and Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Life Sciences Center, Dolgoprudny, Russia
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23
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Yin M, Ma W, An L. Cortactin in cancer cell migration and invasion. Oncotarget 2017; 8:88232-88243. [PMID: 29152154 PMCID: PMC5675706 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortactin, a substrate of sarcoma (Src) kinases, is an actin-binding protein that is involved in cytoskeletal regulation, and is frequently overexpressed in cancer cells. Binding to the actin related protein 2/3 (Arp2/3) complex stimulates cortactin activity, which promotes F-actin nucleation and assembly. Cortactin promotes cancer cell migration and invasion, and plays a pivotal role in invadopodia formation and extra cellular matrix degradation. Overexpression of cortactin, by amplification of the chromosomal band 11q13, increases tumor aggressiveness. In this review, we report on the current knowledge and potential mechanisms of action of cortactin as a critical mediator of cancer cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Wenqing Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Liguo An
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
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24
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Cortactin and phosphorylated cortactin tyr421 and tyr466 expression in supraglottic laryngeal carcinomas and lymph node metastases. Int J Biol Markers 2017; 33:79-86. [DOI: 10.5301/ijbm.5000297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: The most important adverse prognostic factor for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is the presence of cervical lymph node metastases. The supraglottic area of the larynx is richly supplied with lymphatics, and 25%-75% of supraglottic carcinomas metastasize in neck lymph nodes. Cortactin is a multidomain protein related to actin cytoskeleton regulation, podosome and lamellipodia formation, integrin signaling, axon guidance and extracellular matrix degradation. Cortactin is involved in metastasis formation because of its role in cell mobility. The present study focused mainly on the role of cortactin and phosphorylated cortactin (residues tyr421 and tyr466) expression and subcellular localization in primary supraglottic LSCCs and their cervical lymph node metastases. Methods: The immunohistochemical expression of cortactin, p-Y466-cortactin and p-Y421-cortactin was assessed in 38 primary supraglottic LSCCs and 10 lymph node metastases. The statistical approach included bootstrapping analysis. Results: Despite a significantly higher expression of cortactin in carcinoma cells than in adjacent normal laryngeal mucosa, no associations emerged between prognosis and the expression of cortactin or its isoforms in supraglottic LSCC. Statistical analysis found cortactin expression higher in less-differentiated LSCCs (p = 0.03). A significant direct correlation was found between cortactin and p-Y466-cortactin levels (p = 0.031), and between p-Y466-cortactin and p-Y421-cortactin levels (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Cortactin expression in carcinoma cells and its known involvement in the EGFR pathway suggest a role for this protein as a target for LSCC therapy. Further prospective studies are needed to investigate the potential of cortactin, p-Y466-cortactin and p-Y421-cortactin expression as markers of response to treatment (particularly EGFR-directed agents) in LSCC.
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25
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He J, Ma G, Qian J, Zhu Y, Liang M, Yao N, Ding Q, Chen L, Liu X, Xia T, Wang S. Interaction Between Ezrin and Cortactin in Promoting Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer Cells. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:1583-1596. [PMID: 28364518 PMCID: PMC5386444 DOI: 10.12659/msm.904124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to metastases in various types of tumors, and is also the key step in the breast cancer metastatic cascade. In our previous study, a mouse model containing human-derived normal breast tissue was established and allowed EMT/MET process of human breast cancer cells to be mimicked in a humanized mammary microenvironment. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry were used to detect different proteins between parental MDA-MB-231 and its variant sub-line obtained from tumors grown in transplanted normal human breast tissue (MDA-MB-231br). We knocked down the ezrin in 2 cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and SUM1315). The migration and invasion ability was assessed. EMT markers were examined by real-time reverse transcription PCR analysis and Western blot analysis. The relationship of ezrin with cortactin was tested by tissue microarray and co-immunoprecipitation. RESULTS Proteomic analysis revealed 81 differentially expressed proteins between parental MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-231br. Among these proteins, the expression of ezrin and cortactin and the phosphorylation of ezrin were significantly correlated, accompanied with a group of classic EMT makers. Knockdown of ezrin reversed the expression of EMT markers and downregulated cortactin and EMT transcription factors. Ezrin silencing inhibited tumor cell migration and invasion. Breast cancer tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry showed a significant positive association between ezrin and cortactin. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that ezrin is correlated with cortactin in facilitating EMT in breast cancer. The interaction between ezrin and cortactin is a novel mechanism contributing to the EMT process in cancer metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Ge Ma
- Breast Disease Center, 1st Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Jiayi Qian
- Breast Disease Center, 1st Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Yichao Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Mengdi Liang
- Breast Disease Center, 1st Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Na Yao
- Breast Disease Center, 1st Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Qiang Ding
- Breast Disease Center, 1st Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Lin Chen
- Breast Disease Center, 1st Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoan Liu
- Breast Disease Center, 1st Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Tiansong Xia
- Breast Disease Center, 1st Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Shui Wang
- Breast Disease Center, 1st Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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Cortactin and phosphorylated cortactin tyr 466 expression in temporal bone carcinoma. Am J Otolaryngol 2017; 38:208-212. [PMID: 28131549 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cortactin is a multidomain protein engaged in several cellular mechanisms involving actin assembly and cytoskeletal arrangement. Cortactin overexpression in several malignancies has been associated with increased cell migration, invasion, and metastatic potential. Cortactin needs to be activated by tyrosine or serine/threonine phosphorylation. The role of cortactin and phosphorylated cortactin (residue tyr466) was investigated in temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma (TBSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemical expression of cortactin and phosphorylated cortactin (residue tyr466) was assessed in 27 consecutively-operated TBSCCs. RESULTS Several clinicopathological variables correlated with recurrence (pT stage, dura mater involvement), and disease-free survival (DFS) (cT stage, pT stage, pN status, dura mater involvement). Twenty-three of 24 immunohistochemically evaluable TBSCCs were cortactin-positive. Median cortactin expression was 75.0%. Cortactin reaction in the cytoplasm was more intense in carcinoma cells than in normal adjacent tissue. Recurrence and DFS rates did not correlate with cortactin and phosphorylated cortactin (residue tyr466) expression in TBSCC specimens. CONCLUSIONS Cortactin upregulation in TBSCC supports the conviction that inhibiting cortactin functions could have selective effects on this malignancy. Multi-institutional studies should further investigate the role of cortactin and phosphorylated cortactin in TBSCC, and their potential clinical application in integrated treatment modalities.
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27
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Wu H, Cheng X, Ji X, He Y, Jing X, Wu H, Zhao R. Cortactin contributes to the tumorigenicity of colorectal cancer by promoting cell proliferation. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:3497-3503. [PMID: 27805253 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortactin is a scaffolding protein that regulates Arp2/3-mediated actin polymerization. We showed in a previous study that cortactin was highly expressed in human stage II-III colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues. In the present study, using colony formation and CCK-8 assays, we showed that overexpression of cortactin accelerated the proliferation of CRC cells. Flow cytometric assays revealed that cortactin promoted G1/S phase cell cycle transition. Later, we constructed the phosphorylation mutation of cortactin at the Tyr421 residue. Colony formation and CCK-8 assays showed that cortactin/Tyr421A lost its ability to promote cell proliferation. Western blot analysis indicated that cortactin activated cyclin D1, but not cortactin/Tyr421A. Further study in nude mice revealed that there was a greater decrease in both tumor volume and tumor weight in animals injected with SW480/cortactin/Tyr421A cells than in those injected with SW480/cortactin/WT cells. Thus, the present study demonstrates that the cortactin Tyr421 residue is required to promote cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huo Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopin Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Yonggang He
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Jing
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Haoxuan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Ren Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
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