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Qu J, Li Y, Wu B, Shen Q, Chen L, Sun W, Wang B, Ying L, Wu L, Zhou H, Zhou J, Zhou J. CD161 +CD127 +CD8 + T cell subsets can predict the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer with diabetes mellitus. Oncoimmunology 2024; 13:2371575. [PMID: 38952673 PMCID: PMC11216103 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2024.2371575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of CD161+CD127+CD8+ T cells in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with diabetes remains unexplored. This study determined the prevalence, phenotype, and function of CD8+ T cell subsets in NSCLC with diabetes. We recruited NSCLC patients (n = 436) treated with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy as first-line treatment. The progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), T cells infiltration, and peripheral blood immunological characteristics were analyzed in NSCLC patients with or without diabetes. NSCLC patients with diabetes exhibited shorter PFS and OS (p = 0.0069 and p = 0.012, respectively) and significantly lower CD8+ T cells infiltration. Mass cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) showed a higher percentage of CD161+CD127+CD8+ T cells among CD8+T cells in NSCLC with diabetes before anti-PD-1 treatment (p = 0.0071) than that in NSCLC without diabetes and this trend continued after anti-PD-1 treatment (p = 0.0393). Flow cytometry and multiple-immunofluorescence confirmed that NSCLC with diabetes had significantly higher CD161+CD127+CD8+ T cells to CD8+T cells ratios than NSCLC patients without diabetes. The RNA-sequencing analysis revealed immune-cytotoxic genes were reduced in the CD161+CD127+CD8+ T cell subset compared to CD161+CD127-CD8+ T cells in NSCLC with diabetes. CD161+CD127+CD8+ T cells exhibited more T cell-exhausted phenotypes in NSCLC with diabetes. NSCLC patients with diabetes with ≥ 6.3% CD161+CD127+CD8+ T cells to CD8+T cells ratios showed worse PFS. These findings indicate that diabetes is a risk factor for NSCLC patients who undergo anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.CD161+CD127+CD8+ T cells could be a key indicator of a poor prognosis in NSCLC with diabetes. Our findings would help in advancing anti-PD-1 therapy in NSCLC patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Qu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- The Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yuekang Li
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- The Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Binggen Wu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- The Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- The Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Wenjia Sun
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- The Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Lixiong Ying
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Li Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jianya Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- The Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jianying Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- The Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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Dev A, Vachher M, Prasad CP. β-catenin inhibitors in cancer therapeutics: intricacies and way forward. Bioengineered 2023; 14:2251696. [PMID: 37655825 PMCID: PMC10478749 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2023.2251696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
β-catenin is an evolutionary conserved, quintessential, multifaceted protein that plays vital roles in cellular homeostasis, embryonic development, organogenesis, stem cell maintenance, cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis, and pathogenesis of various human diseases including cancer. β-catenin manifests both signaling and adhesive features. It acts as a pivotal player in intracellular signaling as a component of versatile WNT signaling cascade involved in embryonic development, homeostasis as well as in carcinogenesis. It is also involved in Ca2+ dependent cell adhesion via interaction with E-cadherin at the adherens junctions. Aberrant β-catenin expression and its nuclear accumulation promote the transcription of various oncogenes including c-Myc and cyclinD1, thereby contributing to tumor initiation, development, and progression. β-catenin's expression is closely regulated at various levels including its stability, sub-cellular localization, as well as transcriptional activity. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of regulation of β-catenin and its atypical expression will provide researchers not only the novel insights into the pathogenesis and progression of cancer but also will help in deciphering new therapeutic avenues. In the present review, we have summarized the dual functions of β-catenin, its role in signaling, associated mutations as well as its role in carcinogenesis and tumor progression of various cancers. Additionally, we have discussed the challenges associated with targeting β-catenin molecule with the presently available drugs and suggested the possible way forward in designing new therapeutic alternatives against this oncogene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arundhathi Dev
- Department of Medical Oncology (Laboratory), DR BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Meenakshi Vachher
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Chandra Prakash Prasad
- Department of Medical Oncology (Laboratory), DR BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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3
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Zhang W, Jiang B, Zhu H, Cheng A, Li C, Huang H, Li X, Kuang Y. miR-33b in human cancer: Mechanistic and clinical perspectives. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114432. [PMID: 36841026 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The microRNAs (miRNAs), an extensive class of small noncoding RNAs (∼22 nucleotides), have been shown to have critical functions in various biological processes during development. miR-33b (or hsa-miR-33b) is down-regulated in cancer of multiple systems. Notably, at least 27 protein-coding genes can be targeted by miR-33b. miR-33b regulates the cell cycle, cell proliferation, various metabolism pathways, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer cell invasion and migration, etc. In prostate cancer, Cullin 4B (CUL4B) can be recruited to the promoter to inhibit the expression of miR-33b. In gastric cancer, the hypermethylation of the CpG island regulated the expression of miR-33b. Besides, miR-33b could be negatively regulated by 7 competing-endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), which are all long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). There are at least 4 signaling pathways, including NF-κB, MAP8, Notch1, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways, which could be regulated partially by miR-33b. Additionally, low expression of miR-33b was associated with clinicopathology and prognosis in cancer patients. In addition, the aberrant expression of miR-33b was connected with the resistance of cancer cells to 5 anticancer drugs (cisplatin, docetaxel, bortezomib, paclitaxel, and daunorubicin). Importantly, our work systematically summarizes the aberrant expression of miR-33b in various neoplastic diseases and the effect of its downregulation on the biological behavior of cancer cells. Furthermore, this review focuses on recent advances in understanding the molecular regulation mechanisms of miR-33b. Moreso, the relationship between the miR-33b expression levels and the clinicopathological data and prognosis of tumor patients was summarized for the first time. Overall, we suggest that the current studies of miR-33b are insufficient but provide potential hints and direction for future miR-33b-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China; Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China
| | - Bincan Jiang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, 421001, China
| | - Hecheng Zhu
- Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province 410205, China
| | - Ailan Cheng
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, 421001, China
| | - Can Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China; Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China
| | - Haoxuan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China; Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China
| | - Xuewen Li
- Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province 410205, China
| | - Yirui Kuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China; Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China.
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4
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The role and application of transcriptional repressors in cancer treatment. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:1-17. [PMID: 36645575 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01427-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression is modulated through the integration of many regulatory elements and their associated transcription factors (TFs). TFs bind to specific DNA sequences and either activate or repress transcriptional activity. Through decades of research, it has been established that aberrant expression or functional abnormalities of TFs can lead to uncontrolled cell division and the development of cancer. Initial studies on transcriptional regulation in cancer have focused on TFs as transcriptional activators. However, recent studies have demonstrated several different mechanisms of transcriptional repression in cancer, which could be potential therapeutic targets for the development of specific anti-cancer agents. In the first section of this review, "Emerging roles of transcriptional repressors in cancer development," we summarize the current understanding of transcriptional repressors and their involvement in the molecular processes of cancer progression. In the subsequent section, "Therapeutic applications," we provide an updated overview of the available therapeutic targets for drug discovery and discuss the new frontier of such applications.
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5
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Tran F, Lee E, Cuddapah S, Choi BH, Dai W. MicroRNA-Gene Interactions Impacted by Toxic Metal(oid)s during EMT and Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5818. [PMID: 36497298 PMCID: PMC9741118 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic environmental exposure to toxic metal(loid)s significantly contributes to human cancer development and progression. It is estimated that approximately 90% of cancer deaths are a result of metastasis of malignant cells, which is initiated by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during early carcinogenesis. EMT is regulated by many families of genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) that control signaling pathways for cell survival, death, and/or differentiation. Recent mechanistic studies have shown that toxic metal(loid)s alter the expression of miRNAs responsible for regulating the expression of genes involved in EMT. Altered miRNA expressions have the potential to be biomarkers for predicting survival and responses to treatment in cancers. Significantly, miRNAs can be developed as therapeutic targets for cancer patients in the clinic. In this mini review, we summarize key findings from recent studies that highlight chemical-miRNA-gene interactions leading to the perturbation of EMT after exposure to toxic metal(loid)s including arsenic, cadmium, nickel, and chromium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Byeong Hyeok Choi
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Wei Dai
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10010, USA
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6
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Poonaki E, Kahlert UD, Meuth SG, Gorji A. The role of the ZEB1–neuroinflammation axis in CNS disorders. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:275. [PMCID: PMC9675144 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) is a master modulator of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process whereby epithelial cells undergo a series of molecular changes and express certain characteristics of mesenchymal cells. ZEB1, in association with other EMT transcription factors, promotes neuroinflammation through changes in the production of inflammatory mediators, the morphology and function of immune cells, and multiple signaling pathways that mediate the inflammatory response. The ZEB1–neuroinflammation axis plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of different CNS disorders, such as brain tumors, multiple sclerosis, cerebrovascular diseases, and neuropathic pain, by promoting tumor cell proliferation and invasiveness, formation of the hostile inflammatory micromilieu surrounding neuronal tissues, dysfunction of microglia and astrocytes, impairment of angiogenesis, and dysfunction of the blood–brain barrier. Future studies are needed to elucidate whether the ZEB1–neuroinflammation axis could serve as a diagnostic, prognostic, and/or therapeutic target for CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Poonaki
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany ,grid.5949.10000 0001 2172 9288Epilepsy Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Domagkstr. 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ulf Dietrich Kahlert
- grid.5807.a0000 0001 1018 4307Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular- and Transplantation Surgery, Otto-Von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sven G. Meuth
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ali Gorji
- grid.5949.10000 0001 2172 9288Epilepsy Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Domagkstr. 11, 48149 Münster, Germany ,grid.512981.60000 0004 0612 1380Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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7
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Zhou Y, Yan J, Chen H, Zhou W, Yang J. MicroRNA-133a-3p Inhibits Lung Adenocarcinoma Development and Cisplatin Resistance through Targeting GINS4. Cells Tissues Organs 2022; 213:55-66. [PMID: 36273455 DOI: 10.1159/000527684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
GINS subunit complex 4 (GINS4) is fundamental to DNA replication and G1/S phase transition of the cell cycle in eukaryotes. Further, recent studies implied that GINS4 can mediate the progression of several tumors, but its mechanism in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is not clarified. Therefore, the role of GINS4 in LUAD was explored. miR-133a-3p and GINS4 mRNA expression were tested through qRT-PCR. Protein levels of the two genes were assayed by Western blot. Their targeting relationship was predicted and verified by bioinformatics prediction and dual-luciferase analysis. The functions of miR-133a-3p and GINS4 in LUAD were evaluated by Transwell, wound healing, CCK-8, and flow cytometry assays. MTT assay and caspase-3 activity detection were utilized to measure the regulation of miR-133a-3p/GINS4 in the cisplatin sensitivity of LUAD cells. The results showed that GINS4 was highly expressed in LUAD cells (p < 0.05). miR-133a-3p, the upstream gene of GINS4 in LUAD, negatively mediated GINS4 expression. Moreover, overexpressing GINS4 enhanced the proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities of LUAD cells and inhibited cell apoptosis and the sensitivity to cisplatin, while overexpressing miR-133a-3p caused the contrary results. However, the promoting effects of GINS4 overexpression on LUAD could be offset by miR-133a-3p overexpression. miR-133a-3p could regulate malignant behaviors and cisplatin sensitivity of LUAD cells through negatively regulating GINS4. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that GINS4 was overexpressed in LUAD and promoted the malignant behavior of LUAD cells. Moreover, miR-133a-3p could negatively regulate GINS4, thereby suppressing the malignant progression and increasing the cisplatin sensitivity of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafu Zhou
- The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Department of Cardiac Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha, China
| | - Jianhua Yan
- The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Department of Cardiac Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha, China
| | - Huiguo Chen
- The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Department of Cardiac Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha, China
| | - Wenwu Zhou
- The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Department of Cardiac Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha, China
| | - Jinsong Yang
- The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Department of Cardiac Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha, China
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Ju J, Wu Y, He W, Zhan L, Yin X, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Qiu L, Muhammad P, Reis RL, Li C. Nanocarriers for Active Ingredients of Chinese Medicine (AIFCM) Used in Gastrointestinal Cancer Therapy. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2022.3446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Active ingredients of Chinese medicine (AIFCM) are pharmacological substances taken from traditional Chinese medicine that show promise in treating gastrointestinal cancer. Compared with traditional chemotherapeutic drugs, AIFCM have advantages such as multi-target and multi-level treatment
of gastrointestinal cancer. Nanocarriers have the following advantages, better bioavailability, passive or active targeting of tumor sites and responsive release of drugs. The use of nanocarriers for delivery of AIFCM in treatment of gastrointestinal cancer, can overcome the disadvantages
of some AIFCM, such as insolubility and low bioavailability. In this review, we first outline the background on gastrointestinal cancer, main curative factors and conventional therapeutic approaches. Then, the mechanisms for AIFCM in gastrointestinal cancer therapy are presented in the following
four aspects: gene regulation, immune modulation, cellular pathway transduction, and alteration of intestinal flora. Thirdly, preparation of various nanocarriers and results when combining AIFCM in gastrointestinal cancer are presented. Fourth, application of novel targeted nanocarriers and
responsive nanocarriers in gastrointestinal tumors is further introduced. Finally, the application of AIFCM in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer is summarized and prospected, hoping to shed some light on the nanocarrier-bound AIFCM in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Ju
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yinghua Wu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Wen He
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Lin Zhan
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xuelian Yin
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Li Qiu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Pir Muhammad
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, China
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue, Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães,
4805-017, Portugal
| | - Chenchen Li
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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Basu B, Ghosh MK. Ubiquitination and deubiquitination in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer: Shifting gears at the molecular level. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119261. [PMID: 35307468 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The process of conversion of non-motile epithelial cells to their motile mesenchymal counterparts is known as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is a fundamental event during embryonic development, tissue repair, and for the maintenance of stemness. However, this crucial process is hijacked in cancer and becomes the means by which cancer cells acquire further malignant properties such as increased invasiveness, acquisition of stem cell-like properties, increased chemoresistance, and immune evasion ability. The switch from epithelial to mesenchymal phenotype is mediated by a wide variety of effector molecules such as transcription factors, epigenetic modifiers, post-transcriptional and post-translational modifiers. Ubiquitination and de-ubiquitination are two post-translational processes that are fundamental to the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) of the cell, and the shift in equilibrium between these two processes during cancer dictates the suppression or activation of different intracellular processes, including EMT. Here, we discuss the complex and dynamic relationship between components of the UPS and EMT in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Basu
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata- 700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Mrinal K Ghosh
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata- 700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
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10
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Zhou S, Qian K, Yu S, Zhao Y, Shen Q, Li Y. MiR-4429 Alleviates Malignant Behaviors of Lung Adenocarcioma Through Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2021. [PMID: 34491827 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2021.0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) is a common subtype of non-small cell lung cancer. MicroRNAs have been reported to be effective biomarkers for diagnosis and an important target for therapy. MiR-4429 is a newly identified miRNA, which can take part in tumor progression as a tumor inhibitor. Moreover, it is an exosomal miRNA that can be taken by lung ADC cell line A549. Nevertheless, its role in lung ADC has been poorly studied. This research discovered that miR-4429 was low expressed in lung ADC cells. MiR-4429 mimics could alleviate the capacities of cell proliferation and metastasis. The mimics are able to reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transition at the same time. Furthermore, it was verified that miR-4429 could bind to β-catenin and negatively regulate β-catenin expression. Interestingly, SKL2001 can reverse the role of miR-4429 on tumor. Consequently, miR-4429 can inactivate Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by targeting β-catenin and prevent oncogene expression in lung ADC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqiang Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Kebao Qian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shuhui Yu
- Department of Radiation Therapy Center, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yutao Zhao
- Department of Radiation Therapy Center, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qin Shen
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Radiation Therapy Center, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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11
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Rashdan S, Iyengar P, Minna JD, Gerber DE. Narrative review: molecular and genetic profiling of oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:3351-3368. [PMID: 34430372 PMCID: PMC8350108 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-21-448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective The objectives of this review are to discuss: the definition, clinical and biologic features of oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as well as the concept of treating oligoprogression in oligometastatic NSCLC. Background A substantial proportion of patients diagnosed with lung cancer present with metastatic disease, and a large portion of patients who present with localized disease later develop metastases. Oligometastatic NSCLC is defined as an intermediate state between localized and widespread metastatic disease, where there may be a role for curative localized therapy approach by treating the primary tumor and all metastases with radiotherapy or surgery. Despite the increasing application of this approach in patients with lung cancer, the identification of patients who might benefit from this approach is yet to be well characterized. Methods After a systematic review of the literature, a PubMed search was performed using the English language and the key terms: oligometastatic, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), localized consolidative treatment (LCT), biomarkers, biologic features, clinical features. Over 500 articles were retrieved between 1889–2021. A total of 178 papers discussing the definition, clinical and biologic factors leading to oligometastatic NSCLC were reviewed and included in the discussion of this paper. Conclusions Oligometastatic NSCLC is a unique entity. Identifying patients who have oligometastatic NSCLC accurately using a combination of clinical and biologic features and treating them with localized consolidative approach appropriately results in improvement of outcome. Further understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving the formation of oligometastatic NSCLC is an important area of focus for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan Rashdan
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Puneeth Iyengar
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John D Minna
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - David E Gerber
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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12
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Kang R, Tan Z, Lang M, Jin L, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Guo T, Guo Z. EnhFFL: A database of enhancer mediated feed-forward loops for human and mouse. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2021; 4:129-135. [PMID: 35694152 PMCID: PMC8982537 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbab006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Feed-forward loops (FFLs) are thought to be one of the most common and important classes of transcriptional network motifs involved in various diseases. Enhancers are cis-regulatory elements that positively regulate protein-coding genes or microRNAs (miRNAs) by recruiting DNA-binding transcription factors (TFs). However, a comprehensive resource to identify, store, and analyze the FFLs of typical enhancer and super-enhancer FFLs is not currently available. Here, we present EnhFFL, an online database to provide a data resource for users to browse and search typical enhancer and super-enhancer FFLs. The current database covers 46 280/7000 TF-enhancer-miRNA FFLs, 9997/236 enhancer-miRNA-gene FFLs, 3 561 164/3 193 182 TF-enhancer-gene FFLs, and 1259/235 TF-enhancer feed-back loops (FBLs) across 91 tissues/cell lines of human and mouse, respectively. Users can browse loops by selecting species, types of tissue/cell line, and types of FFLs. EnhFFL supports searching elements including name/ID, genomic location, and the conservation of miRNA target genes. We also developed tools for users to screen customized FFLs using the threshold of q value as well as the confidence score of miRNA target genes. Disease and functional enrichment analysis showed that master miRNAs that are widely engaged in FFLs including TF-enhancer-miRNAs and enhancer-miRNA-genes are significantly involved in tumorigenesis. Database URL:http://lcbb.swjtu.edu.cn/EnhFFL/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Kang
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Zhengtang Tan
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Mei Lang
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Linqi Jin
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Tailin Guo
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Zhiyun Guo
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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13
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Up-regulated microRNA-33b inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gallbladder cancer through down-regulating CROCC. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:221400. [PMID: 31799620 PMCID: PMC6954365 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a relatively rare but fatal gastrointestinal tumor. The microRNA-33b (miR-33b), a member of miR-33 family, is reported to function as a tumor suppressor in various cancers. Notably, miR-33 was predicted to target CROCC based on microarray-based analysis. Hereby, we aimed to characterize the effect of miR-33b on epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in GBC and the potential mechanism involved with the regulation of CROCC. In GBC cell lines, miR-33b expressed at low levels, and CROCC expressed at high levels, with enhanced EMT process. To further examine the specific mechanism of miR-33b and CROCC in GBC, the GBC cells were treated with the miR-33b mimic/inhibitor or siRNA-CROCC to assess the expression alteration of EMT-related genes and cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. MiR-33b was verified to target and down-regulate the expression of CROCC. The miR-33b up-regulation or CROCC silencing was observed to increase the level of E-cadherin but decrease the levels of N-cadherin and Vimentin, corresponding to impeded cell proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT, and tumor growth. The findings suggest that miR-33b up-regulation hinders GBC development through down-regulating CROCC, which was achieved by inhibition of EMT. The present study may provide an insight on a novel target for GBC treatment.
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14
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Singh S, Raza W, Parveen S, Meena A, Luqman S. Flavonoid display ability to target microRNAs in cancer pathogenesis. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 189:114409. [PMID: 33428895 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding, conserved, single-stranded nucleotide sequences involved in physiological and developmental processes. Recent evidence suggests an association between miRNAs' deregulation with initiation, promotion, progression, and drug resistance in cancer cells. Besides, miRNAs are known to regulate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, autophagy, and senescence in different cancer types. Previous reports proposed that apart from the antioxidant potential, flavonoids play an essential role in miRNAs modulation associated with changes in cancer-related proteins, tumor suppressor genes, and oncogenes. Thus, flavonoids can suppress proliferation, help in the development of drug sensitivity, suppress metastasis and angiogenesis by modulating miRNAs expression. In the present review, we summarize the role of miRNAs in cancer, drug resistance, and the chemopreventive potential of flavonoids mediated by miRNAs. The potential of flavonoids to modulate miRNAs expression in different cancer types demonstrate their selectivity and importance as regulators of carcinogenesis. Flavonoids as chemopreventive agents targeting miRNAs are extensively studied in vitro, in vivo, and pre-clinical studies, but their efficiency in targeting miRNAs in clinical studies is less investigated. The evidence presented in this review highlights the potential of flavonoids in cancer prevention/treatment by regulating miRNAs, although further investigations are required to validate and establish their clinical usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpi Singh
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Waseem Raza
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Jawahar Lal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Shahnaz Parveen
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abha Meena
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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15
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Cai R, Lu Q, Wang D. Construction and prognostic analysis of miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in liver metastasis from colorectal cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:7. [PMID: 33397428 PMCID: PMC7784011 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-020-02107-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world, and liver metastasis is the leading cause of colorectal cancer-related deaths. However, the mechanism of liver metastasis in CRC has not been clearly elucidated. Methods Three datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were analyzed to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were subjected to functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction analysis. Subsequently, mRNA-miRNA network was constructed, and the associated DEGs and DEMs were performed for prognostic analysis. Finally, we did infiltration analysis of growth arrest specific 1 (GAS1)-associated immune cells. Results We obtained 325 DEGs and 9 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) between primary CRC and liver metastases. Enrichment analysis and protein-protein interactions (PPI) further revealed the involvement of DEGs in the formation of the inflammatory microenvironment and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during the liver metastases process in CRC. Survival analysis demonstrated that low-expressed GAS1 as well as low-expressed hsa-miR-33b-5p was a favorable prognostic indicator of overall survival. Further exploration of GAS1 revealed that its expression was interrelated with the infiltration of immune cells in tumor tissues. Conclusions In summary, DEGs, DEMs, and their interactions found in liver metastasis of CRC may provide a basis for further understanding of the mechanism of CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyun Cai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Da Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.
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16
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Eosinophil microRNAs Play a Regulatory Role in Allergic Diseases Included in the Atopic March. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239011. [PMID: 33260893 PMCID: PMC7730597 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The atopic march is defined by the increased prevalence of allergic diseases after atopic dermatitis onset. In fact, atopic dermatitis is believed to play an important role in allergen sensitization via the damaged skin barrier, leading to allergic diseases such as allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis. The eosinophil, a pro-inflammatory cell that contributes to epithelial damage, is one of the various cells recruited in the inflammatory reactions characterizing these diseases. Few studies were conducted on the transcriptome of this cell type and even less on their specific microRNA (miRNA) profile, which could modulate pathogenesis of allergic diseases and clinical manifestations post-transcriptionally. Actually, their implication in allergic diseases is not fully understood, but they are believed to play a role in inflammation-related patterns and epithelial cell proliferation. (2) Methods: Next-generation sequencing was performed on RNA samples from eosinophils of individuals with atopic dermatitis, atopy, allergic rhinitis and asthma to obtain differential counts of primary miRNA (pri-miRNA); these were also analyzed for asthma-related phenotypes such as forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), immunoglobulin E (IgE) and provocative concentration of methacholine inducing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (PC20) levels, as well as FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) ratio. (3) Results: Eighteen miRNAs from eosinophils were identified to be significantly different between affected individuals and unaffected ones. Based on counts from these miRNAs, individuals were then clustered into groups using Ward's method on Euclidian distances. Groups were found to be explained by asthma diagnosis, familial history of respiratory diseases and allergic rhinitis as well as neutrophil counts. (4) Conclusions: The 18 differential miRNA counts for the studying phenotypes allow a better understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the development of the allergic diseases included in the atopic march.
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17
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Bai X, He C, Fu B, Kong X, Bu J, Zhu K, Zheng W, Zhou F, Ni B. microRNA-877 contributes to decreased non-small cell lung cancer cell growth via the PI3K/AKT pathway by targeting tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5 activity. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:3260-3276. [PMID: 33222607 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1839697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer death in both men and women. microRNAs (miRs) can exert important functions in cancer development. However, the role of miR-877 in NSCLC as it relates to tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5 (ACP5) is unknown. For this study, the gain-and-loss-of-function experiments were performed to explore the effects of miR-877 and ACP5 on NSCLC. miR-877 expression in LC and paracancerous tissues, lung epithelial cell line and NSCLC cell lines was detected, and the association between miR-877 expression and clinical features of LC patients was analyzed. The levels of ACP5, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and apoptosis-related proteins were measured. In vivo experiments were conducted for further validation. Consequently, we found that miR-877 expression was lowered in LC tissues and cell lines, and correlated with clinical stage, differentiation, lymph node metastasis and prognosis of NSCLC patients. Additionally, miR-877 was determined to inhibit ACP5 activity, and miR-877 downregulated the PI3K/AKT pathway by silencing ACP5. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-877 inhibited the viability, migration, invasion and EMT of NSCLC cells, but promoted cell apoptosis. In conclusion, miR-877 overexpression inhibited malignant biological behaviors of NSCLC cells by downregulating ACP5 and inactivating the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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18
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Pattanayak B, Garrido-Cano I, Adam-Artigues A, Tormo E, Pineda B, Cabello P, Alonso E, Bermejo B, Hernando C, Martínez MT, Rovira A, Albanell J, Rojo F, Burgués O, Cejalvo JM, Lluch A, Eroles P. MicroRNA-33b Suppresses Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Repressing the MYC-EZH2 Pathway in HER2+ Breast Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1661. [PMID: 33014831 PMCID: PMC7511588 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Downregulation of miR-33b has been documented in many types of cancers and is being involved in proliferation, migration, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, the enhancer of zeste homolog 2-gene (EZH2) is a master regulator of controlling the stem cell differentiation and the cell proliferation processes. We aim to evaluate the implication of miR-33b in the EMT pathway in HER2+ breast cancer (BC) and to analyze the role of EZH2 in this process as well as the interaction between them. miR-33b is downregulated in HER2+ BC cells vs healthy controls, where EZH2 has an opposite expression in vitro and in patients’ samples. The upregulation of miR-33b suppressed proliferation, induced apoptosis, reduced invasion, migration and regulated EMT by an increase of E-cadherin and a decrease of ß-catenin and vimentin. The silencing of EZH2 mimicked the impact of miR-33b overexpression. Furthermore, the inhibition of miR-33b induces cell proliferation, invasion, migration, EMT, and EZH2 expression in non-tumorigenic cells. Importantly, the Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a significant association between high miR-33b expression and better overall survival. These results suggest miR-33b as a suppressive miRNA that could inhibit tumor metastasis and invasion in HER2+ BC partly by impeding EMT through the repression of the MYC–EZH2 loop.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eduardo Tormo
- Biomedical Research Institute, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Pineda
- Biomedical Research Institute, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain.,Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Paula Cabello
- Biomedical Research Institute, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elisa Alonso
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Hospital Clinico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Begoña Bermejo
- Biomedical Research Institute, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain.,Department of Oncology, Hospital Clinico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Hernando
- Biomedical Research Institute, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Oncology, Hospital Clinico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Teresa Martínez
- Biomedical Research Institute, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Oncology, Hospital Clinico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Rovira
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital del Mar, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Albanell
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital del Mar, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federico Rojo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Octavio Burgués
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Hospital Clinico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Miguel Cejalvo
- Biomedical Research Institute, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Oncology, Hospital Clinico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Lluch
- Biomedical Research Institute, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain.,Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Oncology, Hospital Clinico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Eroles
- Biomedical Research Institute, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain.,COST action CA15204, Brussels, Belgium
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19
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Bahrami A, A Ferns G. Effect of Curcumin and Its Derivates on Gastric Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1553-1569. [PMID: 32814463 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1808232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gastric carcinoma is one of the most prevalent malignancies and is associated with a high mortality. Chemotherapy is the principal therapeutic option in the treatment of gastric cancer, but its success rate is restricted by severe side effects and the prevalence of chemo-resistance. Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric that has potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. There is accumulating evidence that curcumin may prevent gastric cancer through regulation of oncogenic pathways. Furthermore some curcumin analogues and novel formulation of curcumin appear to have anti-tumor activity. The aim of this review was to give an overview of the therapeutic potential of curcumin and its derivatives against gastric cancer in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsane Bahrami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, Sussex, UK
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20
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Lei Y, Chen L, Zhang G, Shan A, Ye C, Liang B, Sun J, Liao X, Zhu C, Chen Y, Wang J, Zhang E, Deng L. MicroRNAs target the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway to regulate epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in cancer (Review). Oncol Rep 2020; 44:1299-1313. [PMID: 32700744 PMCID: PMC7448411 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT), during which cancer cells lose the epithelial phenotype and gain the mesenchymal phenotype, has been verified to result in tumor migration and invasion. Numerous studies have shown that dysregulation of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway gives rise to EMT, which is characterized by nuclear translocation of β‑catenin and E‑cadherin suppression. Wnt/β‑catenin signaling was confirmed to be affected by microRNAs (miRNAs), several of which are down‑ or upregulated in metastatic cancer cells, indicating their complex roles in Wnt/β‑catenin signaling. In this review, we demonstrated the targets of various miRNAs in altering Wnt/β‑catenin signaling to promote or inhibit EMT, which may elucidate the underlying mechanism of EMT regulation by miRNAs and provide evidence for potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of invasive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhe Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Big Data Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Aiyun Shan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Chunfeng Ye
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Bin Liang
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Jiayu Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Changfeng Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Yueyue Chen
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Enxin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Deng
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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21
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MicroRNAs and Their Influence on the ZEB Family: Mechanistic Aspects and Therapeutic Applications in Cancer Therapy. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071040. [PMID: 32664703 PMCID: PMC7407563 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular signaling pathways involved in cancer have been intensively studied due to their crucial role in cancer cell growth and dissemination. Among them, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox-1 (ZEB1) and -2 (ZEB2) are molecules that play vital roles in signaling pathways to ensure the survival of tumor cells, particularly through enhancing cell proliferation, promoting cell migration and invasion, and triggering drug resistance. Importantly, ZEB proteins are regulated by microRNAs (miRs). In this review, we demonstrate the impact that miRs have on cancer therapy, through their targeting of ZEB proteins. MiRs are able to act as onco-suppressor factors and inhibit the malignancy of tumor cells through ZEB1/2 down-regulation. This can lead to an inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism, therefore reducing metastasis. Additionally, miRs are able to inhibit ZEB1/2-mediated drug resistance and immunosuppression. Additionally, we explore the upstream modulators of miRs such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), as these regulators can influence the inhibitory effect of miRs on ZEB proteins and cancer progression.
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22
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A potential prognostic model based on miRNA expression profile in The Cancer Genome Atlas for bladder cancer patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:6. [PMID: 32477968 PMCID: PMC7236498 DOI: 10.1186/s40709-020-00116-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to construct prognostic model by screening prognostic miRNA signature of bladder cancer. Methods The miRNA expression profile data of bladder cancer (BC) in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were obtained and randomly divided into the training set and the validation set. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) between BC and normal control samples in the training set were firstly identified, and DEMs related to prognosis were screened by Cox Regression analysis. Then, the MiR Score system was constructed using X-Tile based cutoff points and verified in the validation set. The prognostic clinical factors are selected out by univariate and multivariate Cox Regression analysis. Finally, the mRNAs related to prognosis were screened and the biological pathway analysis was carried out. Results We identified the 7-miRNA signature was significantly associated with the patient’s Overall Survival (OS). A prognostic model was constructed based on the prognostic 7-miRNA signature, and possessed a relative satisfying predicted ability both in the training set and validation set. In addition, univariate and multivariate Cox Regression analysis showed that age, lymphovascular invasion and MiR Score were considered as independent prognostic factors in BC patients. Furthermore, based on MiR Score prognostic model, several differentially expressed genes (DEGs), such as WISP3 and UNC5C, as well as their related biological pathway(s), including cell–cell adhesion and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, were considered to be related to BC prognosis. Conclusion The prognostic model which was constructed based on the prognostic 7-miRNA signature presented a high predictive ability for BC.
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23
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Wang H, Lin X, Liu E, Jian Z, Ou Y. MicroRNA-33b regulates hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation, apoptosis, and mobility via targeting Fli-1-mediated Notch1 pathway. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:7635-7644. [PMID: 32239672 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been confirmed to play pivotal roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) carcinogenesis. However, the underlying function of microRNA-33b (miR-33b) in HCC remains unclear. Here, we found that miR-33b level was significantly reduced in both HCC tissues and tumor cell lines. Further, luciferase reporter assay and western blot analysis confirmed that Friend leukemia virus integration 1 (Fli-1) was a direct target of miR-33b. Overexpression of miR-33b dramatically suppressed HCC tumor cell proliferation and cell mobility, but facilitated tumor cell apoptosis in vitro. Besides, restoration of Fli-1 partially attenuated miR-33b-mediated inhibition of cell growth and metastasis via activating Notch1 signaling and its downstream effectors. Our findings demonstrate the important role of miR-33b/Fli-1 axis in HCC progression and provide novel therapeutic candidates for HCC clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingtao Lin
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Entao Liu
- Weilun PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixiang Jian
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingliang Ou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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24
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High Mobility Group A (HMGA): Chromatin Nodes Controlled by a Knotty miRNA Network. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030717. [PMID: 31979076 PMCID: PMC7038092 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group A (HMGA) proteins are oncofoetal chromatin architectural factors that are widely involved in regulating gene expression. These proteins are unique, because they are highly expressed in embryonic and cancer cells, where they play a relevant role in cell proliferation, stemness, and the acquisition of aggressive tumour traits, i.e., motility, invasiveness, and metastatic properties. The HMGA protein expression levels and activities are controlled by a connected set of events at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels. In fact, microRNA (miRNA)-mediated RNA stability is the most-studied mechanism of HMGA protein expression modulation. In this review, we contribute to a comprehensive overview of HMGA-targeting miRNAs; we provide detailed information regarding HMGA gene structural organization and a comprehensive evaluation and description of HMGA-targeting miRNAs, while focusing on those that are widely involved in HMGA regulation; and, we aim to offer insights into HMGA-miRNA mutual cross-talk from a functional and cancer-related perspective, highlighting possible clinical implications.
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25
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Liu Y, Lei P, Qiao H, Sun K, Lu X, Bao F, Yu R, Lian C, Li Y, Chen W, Xue F. MicroRNA-33b regulates sensitivity to daunorubicin in acute myelocytic leukemia by regulating eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-2. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:385-393. [PMID: 31222822 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to study the effect of miR-33b in regulating sensitivity to daunorubicin (DNR) in acute myelocytic leukemia (AML). We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Cell Counting Kit-8 assay to detect the level of miR-33b and cell viability. Cell apoptosis and the expression of eIF5A-2 and MCL-1 protein were detected by flow cytometry analysis and Western Blot analysis, respectively. MiR-33b mimic increased sensitivity of AML cells against DNR, while miR-33b inhibitor had the opposite effect. Furthermore, the results showed that the eIF5A-2 gene was a direct target of miR-33b, and miR-33b regulated eIF5A-2 mRNA and protein expression. Silencing of eIF5A-2 by RNA interference increased the sensitivity of AML cells against DNR. We also found that MCL-1 contributed to the regulation of DNR sensitivity, which was dependent on downregulation of eIF5A-2. Finally, knockdown of eIF5A-2 eliminated the effects of miRNA-33b mimic or inhibitor on DNR sensitivity. These findings indicate that miR-33b maybe as a new therapeutic target in AML cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Liu
- Department of Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pingchong Lei
- Department of Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong Qiao
- The Department of Oncology, Baoying Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiling Lu
- Department of Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fengchang Bao
- Department of Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Runhong Yu
- Department of Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cheng Lian
- Department of Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Xue
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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26
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Nicolai S, Pieraccioli M, Smirnov A, Pitolli C, Anemona L, Mauriello A, Candi E, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Shi Y, Wang Y, Melino G, Raschellà G. ZNF281/Zfp281 is a target of miR-1 and counteracts muscle differentiation. Mol Oncol 2019; 14:294-308. [PMID: 31782884 PMCID: PMC6998661 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Defects in achieving a fully differentiated state and aberrant expression of genes and microRNAs (miRs) involved in differentiation are common to virtually all tumor types. Here, we demonstrate that the zinc finger transcription factor ZNF281/Zfp281 is down‐regulated during epithelial, muscle, and granulocytic differentiation in vitro. The expression of this gene is absent in terminally differentiated human tissues, in contrast to the elevated expression in proliferating/differentiating ones. Analysis of the 3’UTR of ZNF281/Zfp281 revealed the presence of numerous previously undescribed miR binding sites that were proved to be functional for miR‐mediated post‐transcriptional regulation. Many of these miRs are involved in differentiation pathways of distinct cell lineages. Of interest, ZNF281/Zfp281 is able to inhibit muscle differentiation promoted by miR‐1, of which ZNF281/Zfp281 is a direct target. These data suggest that down‐regulation of ZNF281/Zfp281 during differentiation in various cell types may occur through specific miRs whose expression is tissue‐restricted. In addition, we found that in rhabdomyosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma tumors, the expression of ZNF281/Zfp281 is significantly higher compared with normal counterparts. We extended our analysis to other human soft tissue sarcomas, in which the expression of ZNF281 is associated with a worse prognosis. In summary, we highlight here a new role of ZNF281/Zfp281 in counteracting muscle differentiation; its down‐regulation is at least in part mediated by miR‐1. The elevated expression of ZNF281/Zfp281 in soft tissue sarcomas warrants further analysis for its possible exploitation as a prognostic marker in this class of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Nicolai
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Marco Pieraccioli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Artem Smirnov
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Consuelo Pitolli
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Lucia Anemona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | | | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.,Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Yufang Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Gerry Melino
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, UK.,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
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27
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Luo Y, Wang Q, Teng L, Zhang J, Song J, Bo W, Liu D, He Y, Tan A. LncRNA DANCR promotes proliferation and metastasis in pancreatic cancer by regulating miRNA-33b. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 10:18-27. [PMID: 31515968 PMCID: PMC6943224 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) function as important regulators in biological processes and are dysregulated in various tumors. The lncRNA DANCR functions as an oncogene in various cancers, but elucidation of its role in pancreatic cancer (PC) requires further investigation. In the current study, we demonstrate that DANCR was increased in PC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of DANCR significantly suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and influenced the levels of epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition‐associated proteins, as demonstrated by the observation of enhanced E‐cadherin levels and reduced N‐cadherin levels in PC cells. In addition, we identified direct binding to the predicted miR‐33b binding site on DANCR. We also showed that there is reciprocal repression between DANCR and miR‐33b. Furthermore, a miR‐33b inhibitor partially abrogated knockdown of DANCR and caused inhibitory effects. We also demonstrated that DANCR functions as a miR‐33b sponge to positively regulate MMP16 expression in PC cells. Collectively, the data reveal that DANCR exerts its function by regulating miR‐33b/MMP16 expression, implying an important role for a lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA functional network and suggesting a novel potential therapeutic target for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyun Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Lili Teng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Medical Experimental Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jianjun Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wenping Bo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yaqin He
- Medical Experimental Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Airong Tan
- Third Department of Oncology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital (East Campus), Qingdao, China
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28
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Cai D, Hu C, Li L, Deng S, Yang J, Han-Zhang H, Li M. The prevalence and prognostic value of KRAS co-mutation subtypes in Chinese advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients. Cancer Med 2019; 9:84-93. [PMID: 31709742 PMCID: PMC6943152 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective KRAS mutation plays a critical role in the initiation and development of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). KRAS‐mutant patients exhibit diverse response to chemotherapy. KRAS co‐mutation subtypes and their prognosis value in advanced Chinese NSCLC patients remain largely elusive. Methods A total of 1126 Chinese advanced NSCLC patients from Xiangya hospital were screened by capture‐based ultra‐deep sequencing for KRAS mutation between January 2015 and December 2016. Survival analyses were performed using Kaplan‐Meier analysis. Results Among the patients screened, 84 cases were detected with KRAS mutation (7.5%). All of them were non‐squamous NSCLC and received pemetrexed plus platinum as the first‐line treatment. The most frequent KRAS co‐mutation genes were TP53 (29%), TP53/LKB1 (19%), and LKB1 (14%). Our data revealed that patients with KRAS co‐mutation had poorer prognosis in comparison with those harboring single KRAS mutation. Furthermore, patients with KPL (KRAS mutated with TP53 and LKB1) subtype, which was a novel subtype, had the shortest progression‐free survival (PFS) in all types of KRAS co‐mutation patients (P < .0001). The PFS and overall survival (OS) of patients with KRASG12D mutation were inferior than those with KRASG12C mutation or KRASG12Vmutation. Patients in KRASG>T type had significantly longer survival than those in KRASG>C type or KRASG>A type. Conclusion Our study revealed that concurrent genomic alterations can further stratify KRAS‐mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients into various subgroups with distinctive therapeutic responses and differential survival outcomes. The KPL is a novel and less responsive subtype among KRAS‐mutated NSCLC, and further investigation of effective treatment for this subtype is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjing Cai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shichao Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Han Han-Zhang
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou International Biotech Island, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
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29
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Song Z, Wang H, Zhang S. Negative regulators of Wnt signaling in non-small cell lung cancer: Theoretical basis and therapeutic potency. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109336. [PMID: 31545260 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant advances in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been made over the past decade, and they predominantly involve molecular targets such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements. However, despite the initial good response, drug resistance eventually develops. The Wnt signaling pathway has recently been considered important in embryonic development and tumorigenesis in many cancers, particularly NSCLC. Moreover, the aberrant Wnt pathway plays a significant role in NSCLC and is associated with cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, invasion and drug resistance, and the suppression of canonical or noncanonical Wnt signaling through various biological or pharmacological negative regulators has been proven to produce specific anticancer effects. Thus, blocking the Wnt pathway via its negative regulators may overcome the resistance of current treatment methods and lead to new treatment strategies for NSCLC. Therefore, in this review, we summarize recent studies on the role of negative regulators in Wnt signaling in NSCLC and the therapeutic potency of these molecules as agents and targets for NSCLC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikuan Song
- West China School of Basic Medical Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- West China School of Basic Medical Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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30
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Protective potential of miR-146a-5p and its underlying molecular mechanism in diverse cancers: a comprehensive meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:167. [PMID: 31285693 PMCID: PMC6592002 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0886-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aims Studies have shown that miR-146a-5p was differentially expressed in diverse cancers, but the associations between miR-146a-5p expression and prognosis across multiple types of cancer as well its potential targets and downstream pathways have not been comprehensively analyzed. In this study, we performed the first meta-analysis of the prognostic value of miR-146a-5p expression in diverse malignancies and explored prospective targets of miR-146a-5p and related signaling pathways. Methods A thorough search for articles related to miR-146a-5p was performed, and RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and microarray data from gene expression omnibus profiles were used to collect information about the prognostic value of miR-146a-5p. A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted. Twelve platforms in miRWalk 2.0 were applied to predict targets of miR-146a-5p. TCGA RNA-seq data were used to validate the inverse relationships between miR-146a-5p and its likely targets. Subsequently, gene ontology and pathway analyses were conducted using Funrich version 3.1.3. Potential protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed. Potential target genes of miR-146a-5p in lung cancer were validated by RT-qPCR. Results We included 10 articles in the meta-analysis. In a pooled analysis, the high miR-146a-5p expression group showed a better overall survival in solid cancers, particularly in reproductive system cancers and digestive system cancers. A total of 120 predicted target genes were included in a bioinformatics analysis. Five pathways involving phospholipase C (PLC) and aquaporins (AQPs) were the most significantly enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. Moreover, the PPI network displayed the related signaling pathways and interactions among proteins. AQP1 and FYN were validated by RT-qPCR to be potential targets of miR-146a-5p in lung cancer. Conclusion There is a close link between high miR-146a-5p expression and better overall survival in 21 types of solid cancer, especially in reproductive system and digestive system cancers. Furthermore, miR-146a-5p could inhibit diverse malignancies by modulating pathways linked to PLC or AQPs. In summary, miR-146a-5p is a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for various cancers.
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31
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Qu J, Cheng T, Liu L, Heng J, Liu X, Sun Z, Wang W, Li K, Yang N. Mast cells induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and migration in non-small cell lung cancer through IL-8/Wnt/β-catenin pathway. J Cancer 2019; 10:3830-3841. [PMID: 31333800 PMCID: PMC6636305 DOI: 10.7150/jca.29953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In the various cancer, mast cells (MCs) infiltration is correlated with a worse prognosis. There is an increasing evidence that MCs and their mediators are participated in remodeling of the tumor microenvironment and facilitate tumor growth, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis. Methods: The transwell was conducted to evaluate the correlations between MCs and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells in vitro. The RNA interference of β-catenin was performed to further explore the signaling pathway. Lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and human MC (HMC-1) were subcutaneously injected into BALB/c nude mice. The conventional experiment methods (such as quantitative RT-PCR Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, and ELISA) were used in the present study. Results: We found that high density of MCs in NSCLC correlates with worse prognosis. The NSCLC cells could release CCL5 and recruit MCs to the tumor microenvironment. Then, we explored that HMC-1 transplantation accelerated the growth of A549 cell in nude mice. Moreover, the MCs-derived factors were responsible for tumor growth. When NSCLC cells were activated, MCs produced various factors that induced EMT and migration. We also identified that CXCL8/interleukin (IL)-8 served as the major modulator containing in the activated MC conditioned medium. Furthermore, MCs and exogenous IL-8 promoted β-catenin phosphorylation in NSCLC cells. Inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by RNA interference could revert EMT and migration of NSCLC. Conclusions: Our study suggests that MCs are recruited into NSCLC microenvironment and improve the EMT and migration of cancer cells, thereby accelerating the growth of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Qu
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Research Institution, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,Department of Lung Cancer and Gastroenterology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Tianli Cheng
- Thoracic Medicine Department 1, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Lung Cancer and Gastroenterology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jianfu Heng
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Research Institution, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,Department of Lung Cancer and Gastroenterology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xiaobao Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Research Institution, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Ziyi Sun
- Department of Lung Cancer and Gastroenterology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Kunyan Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Research Institution, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Nong Yang
- Department of Lung Cancer and Gastroenterology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
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Samec M, Liskova A, Kubatka P, Uramova S, Zubor P, Samuel SM, Zulli A, Pec M, Bielik T, Biringer K, Kudela E, Benacka J, Adamek M, Rodrigo L, Ciccocioppo R, Kwon TK, Baranenko D, Kruzliak P, Büsselberg D. The role of dietary phytochemicals in the carcinogenesis via the modulation of miRNA expression. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:1665-1679. [PMID: 31127362 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02940-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Phytochemicals are naturally occurring plant-derived compounds and some of them have the potential to serve as anticancer drugs. Based on recent evidence, aberrantly regulated expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is closely associated with malignancy. MicroRNAs are characterized as small non-coding RNAs functioning as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression. Accordingly, miRNAs regulate various target genes, some of which are involved in the process of carcinogenesis. RESULTS This comprehensive review emphasizes the anticancer potential of phytochemicals, either isolated or in combination, mediated by miRNAs. The ability to modulate the expression of miRNAs demonstrates their importance as regulators of tumorigenesis. Phytochemicals as anticancer agents targeting miRNAs are widely studied in preclinical in vitro and in vivo research. Unfortunately, their anticancer efficacy in targeting miRNAs is less investigated in clinical research. CONCLUSIONS Significant anticancer properties of phytochemicals as regulators of miRNA expression have been proven, but more studies investigating their clinical relevance are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Samec
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Alena Liskova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4, 03601, Martin, Slovak Republic.
- Division of Oncology, Department of Experimental Carcinogenesis, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia.
| | - Sona Uramova
- Division of Oncology, Department of Experimental Carcinogenesis, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Zubor
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Anthony Zulli
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Martin Pec
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4, 03601, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Tibor Bielik
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Kamil Biringer
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Erik Kudela
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Benacka
- Faculty of Health Science and Social Work, Trnava University, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Mariusz Adamek
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Luis Rodrigo
- Faculty of Medicine, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rachele Ciccocioppo
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, AOUI Policlinico G.B. Rossi, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Denis Baranenko
- International Research Centre "Biotechnologies of the Third Millennium", ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Brothers of Mercy Hospital, Polni 553/3, 63900, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar.
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33
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Chen MJ, Deng J, Chen C, Hu W, Yuan YC, Xia ZK. LncRNA H19 promotes epithelial mesenchymal transition and metastasis of esophageal cancer via STAT3/EZH2 axis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 113:27-36. [PMID: 31102664 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA H19 (lncRNA H19) has been widely reported in esophageal cancer (EC), and previous study had found that lncRNAH19 was up-regulated in EC and promoted cell proliferation and metastasis. However, the mechanism still needs further studied. METHODS Levels of lncRNA H19 were analyzed by qRT-PCR in matched samples from 30 patients. Expression levels of lncRNA H19, let-7, STAT3 and EZH2 were additionally identified by qRT-PCR and western blotting in five EC cell lines. The effects of lncRNA H19 on cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis in cell lines were performed by MTT assay, colony formation assay, Transwell assay and flow cytometry in vitro, and tumor formation was detected by xenograft nude mice model in vivo. The expression level of STAT3, EZH2, β-catenin, and EMT and metastasis related molecules such as E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Snail-1 and MMP-9 was assessed by qRT-PCR and western blotting. Finally, luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay were used to verify the interaction between lncRNA H19 and let-7c, and their subsequent regulation of STAT3. RESULTS Knockdown of lncRNA H19 repressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion as well as EMT and metastasis via STAT3-EZH2-β-catenin pathway, while lncRNA H19 regulated STAT3 negatively regulated let-7c in EC cell lines. CONCLUSIONS lncRNA H19 facilitates EMT and metastasis of EC through let-7c/STAT3/EZH2/β-catenin axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jiu Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Jie Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha 410005, PR China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Wen Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Yun-Chang Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Zhen-Kun Xia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China.
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The effects of tracheal occlusion on Wnt signaling in a rabbit model of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. J Pediatr Surg 2019; 54:937-944. [PMID: 30792093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tracheal occlusion (TO) reverses pulmonary hypoplasia (PH) in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), but its mechanism of action remains poorly understood. Wnt signaling plays a critical role in lung development, but few studies exist. The purpose of our study was to a) confirm that our CDH rabbit model produced PH which was reversed by TO and b) determine the effects of CDH +/- TO on Wnt signaling. METHODS CDH was created in fetal rabbits at 23 days, TO at 28 days, and lung collection at 31 days. Lung body weight ratio (LBWR) and mean terminal bronchiole density (MTBD) were determined. mRNA and miRNA expression was determined in the left lower lobe using RT-qPCR. RESULTS Fifteen CDH, 15 CDH + TO, 6 sham CDH, and 15 controls survived and were included in the study. LBWR was low in CDH, while CDH + TO was similar to controls (p = 0.003). MTBD was higher in CDH fetuses and restored to control levels in CDH + TO (p < 0.001). Reference genes TOP1, SDHA, and ACTB were consistently expressed within and between treatment groups. miR-33 and MKI67 were increased, and Lgl1 was decreased in CDH + TO. CONCLUSION TO reversed pulmonary hypoplasia and stimulated early Wnt signaling in CDH fetal rabbits. TYPE OF STUDY Basic science, prospective. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
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Zhao M, Qi M, Li X, Hu J, Zhang J, Jiao M, Bai X, Peng X, Han B. CUL4B/miR-33b/C-MYC axis promotes prostate cancer progression. Prostate 2019; 79:480-488. [PMID: 30609075 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cullin 4B (CUL4B), a scaffold protein that assembles CRL4B ubiquitin ligase complexes, is overexpressed in many types of solid tumors and contributes to epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressors. However, its clinical significance and underlying molecular mechanisms in prostate cancer (PCa) remain unknown. METHODS The clinical significance of CUL4B in PCa was characterized by in silico method. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to study the transcript and protein expression levels of CUL4B and C-MYC. Bioinformatics tools, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assay were utilized to identify and characterize the microRNAs (miRNAs) regulated by CUL4B. The biological function of CUL4B and miR-33b-5p was evaluated by MTS, transwell, and wound healing assays, accordingly. RESULTS CUL4B is significantly overexpressed in PCa tissues compared with benign prostatic tissues and its overexpression is correlated with poor prognosis. CUL4B promotes proliferation and aggressiveness of PCa cells in vitro. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that CUL4B upregulates the expression of C-MYC at post-transcriptional level through epigenetic silencing of miR-33b-5p. Importantly, CUL4B-induced oncogenic activity in PCa by targeting C-MYC is repressed by miR-33b-5p. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested a novel CUL4B/miR-33b/C-MYC axis implicated in PCa cell growth and progression. This might provide novel insight into how CUL4B contributed to PCa aggressiveness and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, Shandong University QiLu Medical College, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Mei Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, Shandong University QiLu Medical College, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xinjun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, Shandong University QiLu Medical College, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Jing Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, Shandong University QiLu Medical College, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Jiao
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, Shandong University QiLu Medical College, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xinnuo Bai
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xijia Peng
- Human Biology Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bo Han
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, Shandong University QiLu Medical College, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Pathology, Shandong University QiLu Hospital, Jinan, China
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Zhai S, Zhao L, Lin T, Wang W. Downregulation of miR-33b promotes non-small cell lung cancer cell growth through reprogramming glucose metabolism miR-33b regulates non-small cell lung cancer cell growth. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:6651-6660. [PMID: 30368888 PMCID: PMC6587718 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glucose metabolism is a common target for cancer regulation and microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of this process. Here we aim to investigate a tumor-suppressing miRNA, miR-33b, in regulating the glucose metabolism of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In our study, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) showed that miR-33b was downregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines, which was correlated with increased cell proliferation and colony formation. Overexpression of miR-33b through miR-33b mimics transfection suppressed NSCLC proliferation, colony formation, and induced cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Meanwhile, miR-33b overexpression inhibited glucose metabolism in NSCLC cells. Luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-33b directly binds to the 3'-untranslated region of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA). qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis showed that miR-33b downregulated the expression of LDHA. Moreover, introducing LDHA mRNA into cells over-expressing miR-33b attenuated the inhibitory effect of miR-33b on the growth and glucose metabolism in NSCLC cells. Taken together, these results confirm that miR-33b is an anti-oncogenic miRNA, which inhibits NSCLC cell growth by targeting LDHA through reprogramming glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengping Zhai
- Department of RespiratoryYantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao UniversityYantaiShandongChina
| | - Lingyan Zhao
- Department of RespiratoryYantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao UniversityYantaiShandongChina
| | - Tiantian Lin
- Department of RespiratoryYantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao UniversityYantaiShandongChina
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryYantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao UniversityYantaiShandongChina
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A Simple Competing Endogenous RNA Network Identifies Novel mRNA, miRNA, and lncRNA Markers in Human Cholangiocarcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:3526407. [PMID: 31019967 PMCID: PMC6451803 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3526407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common malignant primary liver tumor and has shown an alarming increase in incidence over the last two decades. However, the mechanisms behind tumorigenesis and progression remain insufficient. The present study aimed to uncover the underlying regulatory mechanism on CCA and find novel biomarkers for the disease prognosis. Method The RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) datasets of lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs in CCA as well as relevant clinical information were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. After pretreatment, differentially expressed RNAs (DERNAs) were identified and further interrogated for their correlations with clinical information. Prognostic RNAs were selected using univariate Cox regression. Then, a ceRNA network was constructed based on these RNAs. Results We identified a total of five prognostic DEmiRNAs, 63 DElncRNAs, and 90 DEmRNAs between CCA and matched normal tissues. Integrating the relationship between the different types of RNAs, an lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was established and included 28 molecules and 47 interactions. Screened prognostic RNAs involved in the ceRNA network included 3 miRNAs (hsa-mir-1295b, hsa-mir-33b, and hsa-mir-6715a), 7 lncRNAs (ENSG00000271133, ENSG00000233834, ENSG00000276791, ENSG00000241155, COL18A1-AS1, ENSG00000274737, and ENSG00000235052), and 18 mRNAs (ANO9, FUT4, MLLT3, ABCA3, FSCN2, GRID2IP, NCK2, MACC1, SLC35E4, ST14, SH2D3A, MOB3B, ACTL10, RAB36, ATP1B3, MST1R, SEMA6A, and SEL1L3). Conclusions Our study identified novel prognostic makers and predicted a previously unknown ceRNA regulatory network in CCA and may provide novel insight into a further understanding of lncRNA-mediated ceRNA regulatory mechanisms in CCA.
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MicroRNA in Lung Cancer Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11020265. [PMID: 30813457 PMCID: PMC6406837 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is a hallmark of cancer, with distant metastasis frequently developing in lung cancer, even at initial diagnosis, resulting in poor prognosis and high mortality. However, available biomarkers cannot reliably predict cancer spreading sites. The metastatic cascade involves highly complicated processes including invasion, migration, angiogenesis, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition that are tightly controlled by various genetic expression modalities along with interaction between cancer cells and the extracellular matrix. In particular, microRNAs (miRNAs), a group of small non-coding RNAs, can influence the transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes, with dysregulation of miRNA expression contributing to the regulation of cancer metastasis. Nevertheless, although miRNA-targeted therapy is widely studied in vitro and in vivo, this strategy currently affords limited feasibility and a few miRNA-targeted therapies for lung cancer have entered into clinical trials to date. Advances in understanding the molecular mechanism of metastasis will thus provide additional potential targets for lung cancer treatment. This review discusses the current research related to the role of miRNAs in lung cancer invasion and metastasis, with a particular focus on the different metastatic lesions and potential miRNA-targeted treatments for lung cancer with the expectation that further exploration of miRNA-targeted therapy may establish a new spectrum of lung cancer treatments.
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Zhang Y, Xu L, Li A, Han X. The roles of ZEB1 in tumorigenic progression and epigenetic modifications. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 110:400-408. [PMID: 30530042 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly expressed Zinc-finger E-box binding protein 1 (ZEB1) is significantly associated with the malignancy of various cancers. Signal transduction and activation of ZEB1 play important roles in cancer transformation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Emerging evidence suggests that ZEB1 drives the induction of EMT with activation of stem cell traits, immune evasion and epigenetic reprogramming. As an ideal target for EMT research, ZEB1 has been extensively studied for decades. However, the link between ZEB1 and epigenetic regulation of EMT has only recently been discovered. ZEB1 facilitates the epigenetic silencing of E-cadherin by recruiting multiple chromatin enzymes of E-cadherin promoter, such as histone deacetylases (HDACs), DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) and ubiquitin ligase. Destruction of the connection between ZEB1 and these chromatin-modifying enzymes may represent an efficient for treating cancer. In this review, we outlined the biological function of ZEB1 in tumorigenic progression and epigenetic modifications and elucidate its transcriptional network, which is a suitable potential target for the design of novel anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Pharmaceutical Preparation Section, Hospital of Laiwu Steel Group, 68 Xinxing Road, Laigang 271126, Shandong Province, China
| | - Anqi Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiuzhen Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China.
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Protease-activated receptor 2 induces migration and promotes Slug-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in lung adenocarcinoma cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1866:486-503. [PMID: 30321617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), a G protein-coupled receptor for trypsin, contributes to growth, anti-apoptosis, and migration in lung cancer. Given that PAR2 activation in airway epithelial cells compromises the airway epithelium barrier by disruption of E-cadherin adhesion, PAR2 may be involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Although PAR2 is known to promote the migration of lung cancer cells, the detailed mechanism of this event is still not clear. Here, we found that PAR2 is highly expressed in several lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. In two lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, CL1-5 and H1299 cells, activation of PAR2 induces migration and Slug-mediated EMT. The underlying mechanisms involved in PAR2-induced migration and EMT in CL1-5 cells were further investigated. We showed that PAR2-induced migration of CL1-5 cells is mediated by the Src/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) signaling pathway. β-arrestin 1, not G protein, is involved in this PAR2-mediated Src/p38 MAPK signaling pathway. PAR2-induced EMT in CL1-5 cells is dependent on the activation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2). The activation of ERK2 further mediates Slug stabilization through suppressing the activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3β. In addition, a poor prognosis was observed in lung adenocarcinoma patients with a high expression of PAR2. Thus, PAR2 regulates migration through β-arrestin 1-dependent activation of p38 MAPK and EMT through ERK2-mediated stabilization of Slug in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Our finding also suggests that PAR2 might serve as a therapeutic target for metastatic lung adenocarcinoma and a potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Zhou G, Latchoumanin O, Hebbard L, Duan W, Liddle C, George J, Qiao L. Aptamers as targeting ligands and therapeutic molecules for overcoming drug resistance in cancers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018. [DOI: '10.1016/j.addr.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
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Qin M, Wei G, Sun X. Circ-UBR5: An exonic circular RNA and novel small nuclear RNA involved in RNA splicing. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:1027-1034. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.06.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Zhou G, Latchoumanin O, Hebbard L, Duan W, Liddle C, George J, Qiao L. Aptamers as targeting ligands and therapeutic molecules for overcoming drug resistance in cancers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 134:107-121. [PMID: 29627370 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Traditional anticancer therapies are often unable to completely eradicate the tumor bulk due to multi-drug resistance (MDR) of cancers. A number of mechanisms such as micro-environmental stress and overexpression of drug efflux pumps are involved in the MDR process. Hence, therapeutic strategies for overcoming MDR are urgently needed to improve cancer treatment efficacy. Aptamers are short single-stranded oligonucleotides or peptides exhibiting unique three-dimensional structures and possess several unique advantages over conventional antibodies such as low immunogenicity and stronger tissue-penetration capacity. Aptamers targeting cancer-associated receptors have been explored to selectively deliver a therapeutic cargo (anticancer drugs, siRNAs, miRNAs and drug-carriers) to the intratumoral compartment where they can exert better tumor-killing effects. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the multiple regulatory mechanisms of MDR, with a particular emphasis on aptamer-mediated novel therapeutic agents and strategies that seek to reversing MDR. The challenges associated with aptamer-based agents and approaches are also discussed.
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Li T, Gao X, Han L, Yu J, Li H. Identification of hub genes with prognostic values in gastric cancer by bioinformatics analysis. World J Surg Oncol 2018; 16:114. [PMID: 29921304 PMCID: PMC6009060 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-018-1409-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignant cancer of digestive system. To identify key genes in GC, mRNA microarray GSE27342, GSE29272, and GSE33335 were downloaded from GEO database. Methods Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained using GEO2R. DAVID database was used to analyze function and pathways enrichment of DEGs. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established by STRING and visualized by Cytoscape software. Then, the influence of hub genes on overall survival (OS) was performed by the Kaplan-Meier plotter online tool. Module analysis of the PPI network was performed using MCODE. Additionally, potential stem loop miRNAs of hub genes were predicted by miRecords and screened by TCGA dataset. Transcription factors (TFs) of hub genes were detected by NetworkAnalyst. Results In total, 67 DEGs were identified; upregulated DEGs were mainly enriched in biological process (BP) related to angiogenesis and extracellular matrix organization and the downregulated DEGs were mainly enriched in BP related to ion transport and response to bacterium. KEGG pathways analysis showed that the upregulated DEGs were enriched in ECM-receptor interaction and the downregulated DEGs were enriched in gastric acid secretion. A PPI network of DEGs was constructed, consisting of 43 nodes and 87 edges. Twelve genes were considered as hub genes owing to high degrees in the network. Hsa-miR-29c, hsa-miR-30c, hsa-miR-335, hsa-miR-33b, and hsa-miR-101 might play a crucial role in hub genes regulation. In addition, the transcription factors-hub genes pairs were displayed with 182 edges and 102 nodes. The high expression of 7 out of 12 hub genes was associated with worse OS, including COL4A1, VCAN, THBS2, TIMP1, COL1A2, SERPINH1, and COL6A3. Conclusions The miRNA and TFs regulation network of hub genes in GC may promote understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of gastric cancer and provide potential targets for GC diagnosis and treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12957-018-1409-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xujie Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Han
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinpu Yu
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
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Alaee M, Nool K, Pasdar M. Plakoglobin restores tumor suppressor activity of p53 R175H mutant by sequestering the oncogenic potential of β-catenin. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:1876-1888. [PMID: 29660231 PMCID: PMC5989865 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor/transcription factor p53 is mutated in over 50% of all cancers. Some mutant p53 proteins have not only lost tumor suppressor activities but they also gain oncogenic functions (GOF). One of the most frequently expressed GOF p53 mutants is Arg175His (p53R175H ) with well-documented roles in cancer development and progression. Plakoglobin is a cell adhesion and signaling protein and a paralog of β-catenin. Unlike β-catenin that has oncogenic function through its role in the Wnt pathway, plakoglobin generally acts as a tumor/metastasis suppressor. We have shown that plakoglobin interacted with wild type and a number of p53 mutants in various carcinoma cell lines. Plakoglobin and mutant p53 interacted with the promoter and regulated the expression of several p53 target genes. Furthermore, plakoglobin interactions with p53 mutants restored their tumor suppressor/metastasis activities in vitro. GOF p53 mutants induce accumulation and oncogenic activation of β-catenin. Previously, we showed that one mechanism by which plakoglobin may suppress tumorigenesis is by sequestering β-catenin's oncogenic activity. Here, we examined the effects of p53R175H expression on β-catenin accumulation and transcriptional activation and their modifications by plakoglobin coexpression. We showed that p53R175H expression in plakoglobin null cells increased total and nuclear levels of β-catenin and its transcriptional activity. Coexpression of plakoglobin in these cells promoted β-catenin's proteasomal degradation, and decreased its nuclear levels and transactivation. Wnt/β-catenin targets, c-MYC and S100A4 were upregulated in p53R175H cells and were downregulated when plakoglobin was coexpressed. Plakoglobin-p53R175H cells also showed significant reduction in their migration and invasion in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Alaee
- Department of OncologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonCanada
| | - Kristina Nool
- Department of OncologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonCanada
| | - Manijeh Pasdar
- Department of OncologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonCanada
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MiR-34a/miR-93 target c-Ski to modulate the proliferaton of rat cardiac fibroblasts and extracellular matrix deposition in vivo and in vitro. Cell Signal 2018; 46:145-153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Functional Role of Non-Coding RNAs during Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition. Noncoding RNA 2018; 4:ncrna4020014. [PMID: 29843425 PMCID: PMC6027143 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna4020014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key biological process involved in a multitude of developmental and pathological events. It is characterized by the progressive loss of cell-to-cell contacts and actin cytoskeletal rearrangements, leading to filopodia formation and the progressive up-regulation of a mesenchymal gene expression pattern enabling cell migration. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is already observed in early embryonic stages such as gastrulation, when the epiblast undergoes an EMT process and therefore leads to the formation of the third embryonic layer, the mesoderm. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is pivotal in multiple embryonic processes, such as for example during cardiovascular system development, as valve primordia are formed and the cardiac jelly is progressively invaded by endocardium-derived mesenchyme or as the external cardiac cell layer is established, i.e., the epicardium and cells detached migrate into the embryonic myocardial to form the cardiac fibrous skeleton and the coronary vasculature. Strikingly, the most important biological event in which EMT is pivotal is cancer development and metastasis. Over the last years, understanding of the transcriptional regulatory networks involved in EMT has greatly advanced. Several transcriptional factors such as Snail, Slug, Twist, Zeb1 and Zeb2 have been reported to play fundamental roles in EMT, leading in most cases to transcriptional repression of cell⁻cell interacting proteins such as ZO-1 and cadherins and activation of cytoskeletal markers such as vimentin. In recent years, a fundamental role for non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs and more recently long non-coding RNAs, has been identified in normal tissue development and homeostasis as well as in several oncogenic processes. In this study, we will provide a state-of-the-art review of the functional roles of non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs, in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in both developmental and pathological EMT.
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Xie RT, Cong XL, Zhong XM, Luo P, Yang HQ, Lu GX, Luo P, Chang ZY, Sun R, Wu TM, Lv ZW, Fu D, Ma YS. MicroRNA-33a downregulation is associated with tumorigenesis and poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018. [PMID: 29541227 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to examine the prognostic significance of miR-33a in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), total RNA was extracted from 149 HCC biopsies, 36 of which were paired with para-carcinoma tissues, and miR-33a expression was measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results demonstrated that miR-33a expression was decreased in HCC biopsies compared with normal liver tissue samples. It was also demonstrated that miR-33a expression was significantly associated with tumor foci number. Furthermore, overall and progression-free survival time was decreased in patients expressing low miR-33a with multiple tumor foci. Taken together, the low expression of miR-33a may be a potential risk factor for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Ting Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Xian-Ling Cong
- Tissue Bank, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhong
- Department of Radiology, Jiangxi Provincial Tumor Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330029, P.R. China
| | - Ping Luo
- Department of Breast Cancer, Nanchang Third Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330002, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Qiong Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Gai-Xia Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Pei Luo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Yan Chang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Ran Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Miao Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Wei Lv
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Da Fu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Shui Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
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Shin DY, Jeong MH, Bang IJ, Kim HR, Chung KH. MicroRNA regulatory networks reflective of polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate-induced fibrosis in A549 human alveolar adenocarcinoma cells. Toxicol Lett 2018; 287:49-58. [PMID: 29337256 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-phosphate), an active component of humidifier disinfectant, is suspected to be a major cause of pulmonary fibrosis. Fibrosis, induced by recurrent epithelial damage, is significantly affected by epigenetic regulation, including microRNAs (miRNAs). The aim of this study was to investigate the fibrogenic mechanisms of PHMG-phosphate through the profiling of miRNAs and their target genes. A549 cells were treated with 0.75 μg/mL PHMG-phosphate for 24 and 48 h and miRNA microarray expression analysis was conducted. The putative mRNA targets of the miRNAs were identified and subjected to Gene Ontology analysis. After exposure to PHMG-phosphate for 24 and 48 h, 46 and 33 miRNAs, respectively, showed a significant change in expression over 1.5-fold compared with the control. The integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA microarray results revealed the putative targets that were prominently enriched were associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell cycle changes, and apoptosis. The dose-dependent induction of EMT by PHMG-phosphate exposure was confirmed by western blot. We identified 13 putative EMT-related targets that may play a role in PHMG-phosphate-induced fibrosis according to the Comparative Toxicogenomic Database. Our findings contribute to the comprehension of the fibrogenic mechanism of PHMG-phosphate and will aid further study on PHMG-phosphate-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Young Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ho Jeong
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - In Jae Bang
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Ryong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38430, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyu Hyuck Chung
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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50
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Snail1-expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts induce lung cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition through miR-33b. Oncotarget 2017; 8:114769-114786. [PMID: 29383119 PMCID: PMC5777731 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has a high propensity for metastasis. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the main type of stromal cells in cancer tissue, are activated by tumor cells, and play a significant role in tumor development. However, whether CAFs induce lung cancer cell metastasis, as well as pathway involved in CAF-induced lung cancer cell metastasis, is uncertain. Snail1 is a transcriptional factor whose expression in the stroma is associated with lower survival rates in patients with cancer. However, how Snail1 regulates the crosstalk between stromal cells and tumor cells when it is expressed in the stroma has not been determined. Altered microRNA (miRNA) expression is correlated with lung cancer metastasis. Our previous study of microRNAs showed that miR-33b levels were clearly reduced in lung cancer cell lines and lung cancer tissues, and miR-33b suppressed tumor cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) when its expression was elevated. In this study, we found that co-culturing CAFs with lung cancer cells induced miR-33b downregulation and promoted epithelial cells EMT. Moreover, we found that miR-33b overexpression in lung cancer cells counteracted CAF-induced EMT. Interestingly, Snail1 expression in fibroblasts activate the inductive effects of CAFs on lung cancer cell EMT. Hence, understanding the molecular mechanism underlying the communication between stromal cells and tumor cells mediated by miR-33b may lead to the identification of novel targets for the treatment of lung cancer. Additionally, understanding the role of Snail1 driving CAFs to induce lung cancer cell EMT may provide with a new perspective on the treatment of lung cancer.
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